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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Assessor cognition"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 20 травня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Assessor cognition"

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Gingerich, Andrea, and Peter Yeates. "The mental workload of conducting research in assessor cognition." Perspectives on Medical Education 8, no. 6 (November 19, 2019): 315–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40037-019-00549-0.

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Gingerich, Andrea, Jennifer Kogan, Peter Yeates, Marjan Govaerts, and Eric Holmboe. "Seeing the ‘black box’ differently: assessor cognition from three research perspectives." Medical Education 48, no. 11 (October 12, 2014): 1055–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/medu.12546.

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3

Joshi, Paras, and Dinesh Sorani. "Effects of Balance and Cognition Exercises on Fear of Fall in Stroke Patients: Assessor Blinded Randomized Trial." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 11, no. 11 (November 11, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20211101.

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Stroke is the leading cause of death and disability in the world. Stroke patients are more likely to fall and injuries due to various factors like balance, cognition, previous falls, disability etc. It has been observed that in early routine rehabilitation cognition training and balance training is not given. Being important risk factors if it can be modified in early rehabilitation, number of falls might reduce among stroke survivors. So the aim of the study was to check the effects of balance and cognition training on fear of fall among stroke survivors. Method: Patients were divided into A. Conventional physiotherapy B. Conventional physiotherapy and balance and cognition training groups. All the patients were assessed on berg balance scale, mini mental scale and fear efficacy scale pre and post treatment. Result: Group A (BBS Z=-3.539,P<0.05, MMS Pre Z=-3.256, P<0.05, FES1 Pre Z=-3.546, P<0.05) Group B (BBS Z=-3.540, P<0.05, MMS Z=-3.536, P<0.05, FES1 Z=-3.520, P<0.05). Group A and B comparison (BBS Z=-3.424, P<0.05, MMS Z=-2.135, P<0.05, FES1 Z=-2.632, P<0.05). Conclusion: Adding balance and cognition training in early rehabilitation is more useful in reducing fear of fall among stroke survivors. Key words: Stroke, falls, cognition, balance.
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Górska-Poręcka, Bożena. "THE ROLE OF TEACHER KNOWLEDGE IN ESP COURSE DESIGN." Studies in Logic, Grammar and Rhetoric 34, no. 1 (October 1, 2013): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/slgr-2013-0021.

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Abstract English for specific purposes (ESP) has been conceptualized by its leading scholars, like Hutchinson and Waters (1987) or Dudley-Evans and St. John (1998), as a multi-stage process, where the ESP practitioner fulfils a variety of roles, including that of learner needs researcher, course designer, language instructor, learning assessor, and course evaluator. The performance of these roles requires considerable knowledge of a linguistic, socio-cultural and pedagogical nature, necessary to inform the teacher’s cognitive processes, par- ticularly those involved in course decision making. The necessary professional knowledge of the ESP teacher, which is gained through professional school- ing, teacher training, and teaching experience, comprises both relevant theo- retical concepts (knowing what) and performance skills (knowing how). It di- rectly impacts on all stages of the ESP process, namely the planning, design, teaching, assessment and evaluation of a course, largely determining its quality. The present paper focuses on ESP teacher cognition, especially those cognitions (i.e. knowledge and beliefs) that are involved in course design, informing the teacher’s choices of course parameters and instructional practices. Elaborating on the concepts developed by language cognition scholars, like Shulman (1987), Andrews (e.g. 2007), and Borg (e.g. 2006), the author tries to outline the in- ternal structure of ESP teacher cognition and describe the function of each subordinate knowledge base. The paper also presents the preliminary results of a small-scale exploratory study into the professional cognition of 13 teachers of Legal and Business English employed at the University of Warsaw.
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Pilutti, Lara A., Thomas Edwards, Robert W. Motl, and Emerson Sebastião. "Functional Electrical Stimulation Cycling Exercise in People with Multiple Sclerosis." International Journal of MS Care 21, no. 6 (November 1, 2019): 258–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.7224/1537-2073.2018-048.

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Abstract Background: Functional electrical stimulation (FES) cycling is an advanced rehabilitation modality that involves systematic mild electrical stimulation of focal muscle groups to produce leg cycling movement against an adjustable work rate. The present study reports on the efficacy of an assessor-blinded, pilot randomized controlled trial of supervised FES cycling exercise in people with multiple sclerosis (MS) on secondary trial outcomes, including cognition, fatigue, pain, and health-related quality of life. Methods: Eleven adult participants with MS were randomized to receive FES cycling exercise (n = 6) or passive leg cycling (n = 5) for 24 weeks. Cognitive processing speed was assessed using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test. Symptoms of fatigue and pain were assessed using the Fatigue Severity Scale, the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale, and the short-form McGill Pain Questionnaire. Physical and psychological health-related quality of life were assessed using the 29-item Multiple Sclerosis Impact Scale. Results: Eight participants (four, FES; four, passive leg cycling) completed the intervention and outcome assessments. The FES cycling exercise resulted in moderate-to-large improvements in cognitive processing speed (d = 0.53), fatigue severity (d = −0.92), fatigue impact (d = −0.45 to −0.68), and pain symptoms (d = −0.67). The effect of the intervention on cognitive performance resulted in a clinically meaningful change, based on established criteria. Conclusions: We provide preliminary evidence for the benefits of FES cycling exercise on cognition and symptoms of fatigue and pain. Appropriately powered randomized controlled trials of FES cycling exercise are necessary to determine its efficacy for people with MS.
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Torre, Dario, Steven J. Durning, Joseph Rencic, Valerie Lang, Eric Holmboe, and Michelle Daniel. "Widening the lens on teaching and assessing clinical reasoning: from “in the head” to “out in the world”." Diagnosis 7, no. 3 (August 27, 2020): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/dx-2019-0098.

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AbstractTraditional teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning has focused on the individual clinician because of the preeminence of the information processing (IP) theory perspective. The clinician’s mind has been viewed as the main source of effective or ineffective reasoning, and other participants, the environment and their interactions have been largely ignored. A social cognitive theoretical lens could enhance our understanding of how reasoning and error and the environment are linked. Therefore, a new approach in which the clinical reasoning process is situated and examined within the context may be required. The theories of embodied cognition, ecological psychology, situated cognition (SitCog) and distributed cognition (DCog) offer new insights to help the teacher and assessor enhance the quality of clinical reasoning instruction and assessment. We describe the teaching and assessment implications of clinical reasoning and error through the lens of this family of theories. Direct observation in different contexts focused on individual and team performance, simulation (with or without enhancement of technology), stimulated recall, think-aloud, and modeling are examples of teaching and assessment strategies grounded in this family of social cognitive theories. Educators may consider the instructional design of learning environments and educational tools that promote a situated educational approach to the teaching and assessment of clinical reasoning.
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Lee, Victor, Keira Brain, and Jenepher Martin. "From opening the ‘black box’ to looking behind the curtain: cognition and context in assessor-based judgements." Advances in Health Sciences Education 24, no. 1 (October 9, 2018): 85–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10459-018-9851-0.

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Meluken, I., N. M. Ottesen, C. J. Harmer, T. Scheike, L. V. Kessing, M. Vinberg, and K. W. Miskowiak. "Is aberrant affective cognition an endophenotype for affective disorders? – A monozygotic twin study." Psychological Medicine 49, no. 6 (July 2, 2018): 987–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291718001642.

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AbstractBackgroundIdentification of endophenotypes can improve prevention, detection and development of new treatments. We therefore investigated whether aberrant affective cognition constitutes an endophenotype for affective disorders by being present in monozygotic (MZ) twins with unipolar or bipolar disorder in partial remission (i.e. affected) and their unaffected co-twins (i.e. high-risk) relative to twins with no family history of affective disorder (i.e. low-risk).MethodsWe conducted an assessor blind cross-sectional study from 2014 to 2017 of MZ twins using Danish population-based registers in recruitment. Twins attended one test session involving neurocognitive testing, clinical ratings and questionnaires. Main outcomes were attention to and recognition of emotional facial expressions, the memory of emotional self-referential words, emotion regulation and coping strategies.ResultsParticipants were 103 affected, 44 high-risk and 36 low-risk MZ twins. Groups were demographically well-balanced and showed comparable non-affective cognitive performance. We observed no aberrant affective cognition in affected and high-risk relative to low-risk twins. However, high-risk twins displayed attentional avoidance of emotional faces (ps ⩽ 0.009) and more use of task-oriented coping strategies (p = 0.01) compared with affected twins. In contrast did affected twins show more emotion-oriented coping than high- and low-risk twins (ps ⩽ 0.004).ConclusionsOur findings provide no support of aberrant affective cognition as an endophenotype for affective disorders. High-risk twins’ attentional avoidance of emotional faces and greater use of task-oriented coping strategies may reflect compensatory mechanisms.
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Lenne, Bruno, Béatrice Degraeve, Jessy Davroux, Laurène Norberciak, Arnaud Kwiatkowski, and Cécile Donze. "Improving cognition in people with multiple sclerosis: study protocol for a multiarm, randomised, blinded trial of multidomain cognitive rehabilitation using a video-serious game (E-SEP cognition)." BMJ Neurology Open 5, no. 2 (November 2023): e000488. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjno-2023-000488.

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IntroductionMultiple sclerosis (MS) is a prevalent neurological disease characterised by disseminated areas of demyelination and atrophy within the central nervous system, inducing cognitive disorders in 45%–65% of persons with MS (PwMS). Neuropsychology and neuroimaging studies provide evidence of the effectiveness of cognitive rehabilitation interventions, including memory and attention. Recently, serious game therapy (SGT) has been used in rehabilitation to improve cognitive processing speed. The aim of this study is to describe the protocol of a randomised controlled trial (RCT) to test the efficacy of a tablet-based cognitive home intervention among ambulatory PwMS, in comparison to a standardised neuropsychological rehabilitation.Methods and analysisThis will be a parallel-assignment, double-blinded, RCT. One hundred and fifty (75 per arm) PwMS will be randomly assigned to receive cognitive rehabilitation session over 4 months (four 20-min sessions/week) of either: (1) tablet-based SGT or (2) conventional cognitive exercises. The same assessor will evaluate outcome measures at three points: at baseline (T0), after the 16 therapy sessions weeks (T1), and 6 months after the end of treatment (T2). The primary outcomes were the scores from theBrief International Cognitive Assessment for Multiple Sclerosis(BICAMS). Data analysis will be performed to compare the efficacy of the two treatments. We expect superior efficiency of tablet-based SGT in contrast to conventional cognitive exercises, based on BICAMS measures of speed processing information and episodic memory.Ethics and disseminationThe trial protocol is registered on ClinicalTrials.Gov (NCT04694534) and benefits from a favourable opinion from an ethics committee (RC-P0066-2018-A00411-54).
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Labunskaya, V. A., and E. V. Kapitanova. "Self-Assessment and Appearance Evaluation in Student Group as Predictors in Relationships of Interpersonal Significance." Social Psychology and Society 7, no. 1 (2016): 72–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2016070106.

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The paper attempts to integrate the concept of relationships of interpersonal significance, approaches to the correlation between physical appearance and life satisfaction, as well as several concepts of interpersonal cognition, self-assessment and evaluations of other people’s physical appearance. It introduces the concept of “insignificant/significant assessor of appearance” and argues that among the factors that turn a group member into the “insignificant/significant assessor of appearance” are evaluations, self-evaluations and group evaluations of physical appearance. The research described in the paper involved 89 students aged 19—21 (M=20 years), 66 females and 23 males, members of five groups that have been studying together for three years. The methods employed in the study included: “The Evaluation/Content Interpretation of Appearance and its Correspondence with Gender/Age Constructs”, a technique developed by V.A. Labunskaya; a modification of a sociometric test that helped reveal “insignificant/significant assessors of appearance”. Also, nonparametric mathematical methods were used to carry out comparative analysis. The outcomes show that there are considerable differences between the self-assessments, evaluations of physical appearance of those group members who are “significant assessors of appearance”, and group evaluations of their appearance. The research was conducted with the assistance of the Southern Federal University (project № 213.01-07-2014/15ПЧВГ “Threats to National Security in Situations of Geopolitical Competition and Models of Aggressive and Hostile Behavior in Children and Youth in Southern Russia” – project part of the inner grant of the Southern Federal University).
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Дисертації з теми "Assessor cognition"

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Hayashi, Misato. "Cognitive development in chimpanzees assessed by object manipulation." 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136963.

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Yeates, Peter. "Relatively idiosyncratic : exploring variations in assessors' performance judgements within medical education." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. http://www.manchester.ac.uk/escholar/uk-ac-man-scw:186130.

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Background: Whilst direct-observation, workplace-based (or performance) assessments, sit at the conceptual epitome of assessment within medical education, their overall utility is limited by high-inter-assessor score variability. We conceptualised this issue as one of problematic judgements by assessors. Existing literature and evidence about judgements within performance appraisal and impression formation, as well as the small evolving literature on raters’ cognition within medical education, provided the theoretical context to study assessor’s judgement processes.Methods and Results: In this thesis we present three studies. The first study adopted an exploratory approach to studying assessors’ judgements in direct observation performance assessments, by asking assessors to describe their thoughts whilst assessing standard videoed performances by junior doctors. Comments and follow up interviews were analysed qualitatively using grounded theory principles. Results showed that assessors attributed different levels of salience to different aspects of performances, understood criteria differently (often comparing performance against other trainees) and expressed their judgements in unique narrative language. Consequently assessors’ judgements were comparatively idiosyncratic, or unique.The two subsequent follow up studies used experimental, internet based, experimental designs to further investigate the comparative judgements demonstrated in study 1. In study 2, participants were primed with either good or poor performances prior to watching intermediate (borderline) performances. In study 3 a similar design was employed but participants watched identical performances in either increasing or decreasing levels of proficiency. Collectively, the results of these two studies showed that recent experiences influenced assessors’ judgements, repeatedly showing a contrast effect (performances were scored unduly differently from earlier performances). These effects were greater than participants’ consistent tendency to be either lenient or stringent and occurred at multiple levels of performance. The effect appeared to be robust despite our attempting to reduce participants’ reliance on the immediate context. Moreover, assessors appeared to lack insight into the effect on their judgements.Discussion: Collectively, these results indicate that assessors score variations can be substantially explained by idiosyncrasy in cognitive representations of the judgement task, and susceptibility to contrast effects through comparative judgements. Moreover, assessors appear to be incapable of judging in absolute terms, instead judging normatively. These findings have important implications for theory and practice and suggest numerous further lines of research.
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Whittington, Melena Sue. "Aspired cognitive level of instruction, assessed cognitive level of instruction and attitude toward teaching at higher cognitive levels." The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1303143729.

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Petrovic, Predrag. "Cognitive mechanisms in pain processing : assessed with functional imaging methods /." Stockholm, 2002. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2002/91-7349-283-3.

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Saleem, Majid M. "Investigation into cognitive function in first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia patients. An investigation into cognitive deficits associated with first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia patients in South Asian and Caucasian populations as assessed by the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB)." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5689.

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Rationale Cognitive deficits are now recognised as a major symptom of schizophrenia with a number of studies reporting profound deficits in cognitive function in both chronic and first episode patients. Recent advances in cognitive remediation therapy have provided the opportunity for patients to improve their cognitive function and therefore improve their functional outcome. Aim The aim of the present study was to investigate cognitive deficits using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB®) in first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia patients. In the first episode population the effect of ethnicity on cognition was also examined. In the chronic schizophrenia study comparisons between severity of deficits with first episode psychosis patients were also made. The effects of cognitive remediation therapy were also examined in a sample of first episode patients. Methods A total of 35 patients and 30 healthy controls were recruited into the first episode study, 17 patients and 17 controls into the chronic schizophrenia study and 11 patients into the cognitive remediation study. The first episode psychosis patients were recruited from the Bradford and Airedale Early Intervention Service and the chronic patients from the Leeds Partnership NHS Foundation Trust. The control subjects were matched as closely as possible in terms of intelligence and demographics to the patient groups. The Wechsler Test of Adult Reading (WTAR) was used to estimate subjects pre-morbid IQ. The severity of symptoms was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). All subjects who took part in the study completed a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests from the CANTAB®. Patients in the cognitive remediation study participated in group therapy sessions using X-cog®. Results There were no significant differences found between There were no significant differences found between patients and controls in relation to intelligence or demographics in all studies. The effect of ethnicity was shown to be not significant in the first episode study. Results show that patients performed significantly worse than controls across all iv cognitive domains tested in all studies. A correlation between negative symptoms and executive function was found in both first episode and chronic schizophrenia patients. Comparisons between first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia patients in cognition showed no significant differences, however significant differences were found in levels of negative symptoms and age between the two groups with chronic patients scoring higher on negative symptoms and being older. In the cognitive remediation study a significant improvement was observed in patients in the domain of executive function and a reduction in negative symptoms following completion of the intervention. Conclusion First episode and chronic schizophrenia patients display significant cognitive deficits across all domains when tested using the CANTAB®. Some of these deficits appear to be independent of the length of the illness but dependent on negative symptoms. This study demonstrates that cognitive deficits exist across all patient groups regardless of age, gender, pre-morbid IQ, years in education and ethnicity. Cognitive remediation therapy has also been shown to be effective in improving cognitive functioning in patients.
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Saleem, Majid Mohammed. "Investigation into cognitive function in first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia patients : an investigation into cognitive deficits associated with first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia patients in South Asian and Caucasian populations as assessed by the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB)." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5689.

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Rationale Cognitive deficits are now recognised as a major symptom of schizophrenia with a number of studies reporting profound deficits in cognitive function in both chronic and first episode patients. Recent advances in cognitive remediation therapy have provided the opportunity for patients to improve their cognitive function and therefore improve their functional outcome. Aim The aim of the present study was to investigate cognitive deficits using the Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery (CANTAB®) in first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia patients. In the first episode population the effect of ethnicity on cognition was also examined. In the chronic schizophrenia study comparisons between severity of deficits with first episode psychosis patients were also made. The effects of cognitive remediation therapy were also examined in a sample of first episode patients. Methods A total of 35 patients and 30 healthy controls were recruited into the first episode study, 17 patients and 17 controls into the chronic schizophrenia study and 11 patients into the cognitive remediation study. The first episode psychosis patients were recruited from the Bradford and Airedale Early Intervention Service and the chronic patients from the Leeds Partnership NHS Foundation Trust. The control subjects were matched as closely as possible in terms of intelligence and demographics to the patient groups. The Wechsler Test of Adult Reading (WTAR) was used to estimate subjects pre-morbid IQ. The severity of symptoms was assessed using the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS). All subjects who took part in the study completed a comprehensive battery of neuropsychological tests from the CANTAB®. Patients in the cognitive remediation study participated in group therapy sessions using X-cog®. Results There were no significant differences found between There were no significant differences found between patients and controls in relation to intelligence or demographics in all studies. The effect of ethnicity was shown to be not significant in the first episode study. Results show that patients performed significantly worse than controls across all iv cognitive domains tested in all studies. A correlation between negative symptoms and executive function was found in both first episode and chronic schizophrenia patients. Comparisons between first episode psychosis and chronic schizophrenia patients in cognition showed no significant differences, however significant differences were found in levels of negative symptoms and age between the two groups with chronic patients scoring higher on negative symptoms and being older. In the cognitive remediation study a significant improvement was observed in patients in the domain of executive function and a reduction in negative symptoms following completion of the intervention. Conclusion First episode and chronic schizophrenia patients display significant cognitive deficits across all domains when tested using the CANTAB®. Some of these deficits appear to be independent of the length of the illness but dependent on negative symptoms. This study demonstrates that cognitive deficits exist across all patient groups regardless of age, gender, pre-morbid IQ, years in education and ethnicity. Cognitive remediation therapy has also been shown to be effective in improving cognitive functioning in patients.
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Macdonald, Sarah. "Variables associated with cognitive impairment in adults who misuse alcohol as assessed by the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (revised)." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3609/.

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Background:The Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination-Revised (ACE-R) is a widely used screening tool for Dementia. Although it is recommended for use in detecting cognitive impairment in people who misuse alcohol (Scottish Government 2007), the ACE-R has not been validated with this population. This study compared the performance of a group of people who misuse alcohol on the ACE-R with published normative data. The study examines whether deficits in ACE-R performance are associated with previous experience of a withdrawal from alcohol, duration of alcohol use and units consumed per week. Methods:Data from 77 attendees at the Alcohol Liaison Service in NHS Ayrshire and Arran who had completed the ACE-R was extracted from an existing database and included in the study. The ALS group ACE-R total and domain scores were compared to those of the original validation control group used by Mioshi et al (2006). Using independent t–tests, differences in overall ACE-R performance and domain performance were examined. Independent t-tests were also used to determine the impact of previous withdrawal on ACE-R scores. Correlation analyses and multiple regression were used to examine relationships between aspects of drinking history (previous withdrawal, duration of use and units consumed per week) and ACE-R outcome. Results:Total ACE-R scores, memory and fluency domain scores were significantly lower in the ALS group compared to normative data (p<0.001) It was not possible compare attention, language and visuospatial domain scores between groups as parametric assumptions were not met and only mean control group data was available. Attendees with a history of alcohol withdrawal had significantly poorer scores on the domain of attention compared to those who had not (p=0.009). They appeared to have lower overall ACE-R scores although this differnce was not significant (p=0.128). This analysis was underpowered. Longer duration of alcohol drinking was associated with lower verbal fluency (r=-0.362), lower memory (r=-0.239) and lower visuospatial (rs=-0.234) domain scores. Units consumed weekly were not significantly associated with any ACE-R domain score or total score. Longer duration of alcohol use and previous withdrawal experience together accounted for 10% of the variance in ACE-R total scores (p=0.02). Conclusion:It is likely that most people who chronically and hazardously misuse alcohol will experience persisting cognitive impairment. The ACE-R appears to be a good measure for the assessment such difficulties in this population. This study suggests that it is not possible to accurately judge the severity of cognitive impairment in people who drink hazardously on the basis of duration of alcohol use and previous withdrawal experience alone. The study has methodological limitations and more rigorous research examining the use of the ACE-R with this population is necessary.
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McAllister, Kathryn Anne Lucretia. "Development and validation of touchscreen automated tasks to assess cognition in preclinical models of schizophrenia." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610570.

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Contreras, Rodríguez Oren 1985. "Neural networks connecting emotion and cognition assessed in psychopaths, cocaine users and obsessive-compulsive disorder using MRI." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/283481.

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Emotional processing is fundamental for normal socialization, interpersonal interactions, successful decision-making and overall to self-regulate behavior according to each context. Adequate emotional processing relies in the satisfactory and balance function within certain brain networks of coactivated emotional, cognitive and perceptual regions that respond and integrate the emotional information to successfully guide behavior. Magnetic resonance techniques provide a method to directly non-invasively challenge whole-brain processes underlying diverse emotional processes as well as brain functional activity during rest. The present thesis aims at identifying functional alterations within the brain networks processing emotion and connecting emotion with cognition in psychopathic individuals, along with two clinical populations showing common or opposite behavioral features such as cocaine dependence and obsessive-compulsive disorder. Overall, the five studies presented herein constitute a step forward in the characterization of how the brain responds to emotional situations and how changes in this response pattern may compromise flexible and advantageous behaviors across pathologies.
El processament de les emocions és fonamental per una correcta socialització, unes bones relacions interpersonals, una pressa de decisions competent i en general, per una bona regulació de la conducta en funció del context específic. Un processament emocional adequat depèn del funcionament satisfactori i equilibrat de xarxes cerebrals formades per regions emocionals, cognitives i perceptives que responen i integren informació emocional per tal de guiar la conducta amb èxit. Les tècniques de ressonància magnètica funcional permeten obtenir mesures directes, de forma no invasiva, dels mecanismes cerebrals que sustenten els processos emocionals, així com també del funcionament del cervell en repòs. Aquesta tesi té per a objectiu identificar alteracions funcionals dins les xarxes cerebrals que processen les emocions i les connecten amb processos cognitius en psicòpates i en dues condicions clíniques, consumidors de cocaïna i trastorn obsessiu compulsiu, amb les que mostra trets conductuals comuns i diferencials. A grans trets, els cinc estudis que es presenten constitueixen un pas endavant en la caracterització de la resposta cerebral a les diferents situacions emocionals i com canvis en aquests patrons de resposta poden comprometre conductes flexibles i adaptatives en diferents patologies.
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Wong, Chung-shun, and 黃忠信. "Using a cognitive approach to assess achievement in secondary school mathematics." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42574274.

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Книги з теми "Assessor cognition"

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Uruntaeva, Galina, and Ekaterina Gosheva. Psychology of cognition preschooler in professional and pedagogical activity of the teacher. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1074084.

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The monograph is devoted to analysis of professional and pedagogical activity of educator of preschool educational organizations in the aspect of cognition of preschool children. Describes the conceptual presentation of these activities, including structural-functional model of the activities to knowledge and activities for analysis of its process and results in order to assess its effectiveness. In accordance with the business model for knowledge of child the proposed system of professional training of future educators for its development in the learning process at the University, partly experimentally tested. Intended for researchers, professional and pedagogical activity of the teacher of preschool educational institutions, teachers and practitioners of preschool education and teachers and students of psychological and pedagogical universities.
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Cavicchio, Federica, and Emanuela Magno Caldognetto, eds. Aspetti emotivi e relazionali nell'e-learning. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-833-8.

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This book investigates the role of emotions and multimodal communication in face-to-face teaching and in e-learning, and assesses the incidence of these not merely verbal components on the cognitive processes of the student. It also presents certain types of man-machine interface that utilise natural language in written, vocal and multimodal form; the latter implement a new metaphor of interaction with the computer that is more human-oriented. This is, therefore, a new and interdisciplinary theme of research that highlights the technical and theoretical complexity that e-learning specialists and scholars of multimodal communication and emotions address in order to devise new systems of human-computer communication that are more natural and more motivating for learning.
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3

Miskowiak, Kamilla W., and Lars V. Kessing. Cognitive enhancement in bipolar disorder: current evidence and methodological considerations. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198748625.003.0026.

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Cognitive dysfunction is an emerging treatment target in bipolar disorder (BD). Numerous trials have assessed the efficacy of novel pharmacological and psychological treatments on cognition. Overall, the results are disappointing, possibly due to methodological challenges. A key issue is the lack of consensus on whether and how to screen for cognitive impairment and on how to assess efficacy. We suggest that screening for cognitive impairment is critical and should involve objective neuropsychological tests. We also recommend that the primary outcome is a composite of neuropsychological tests with socio-occupational function as co-primary or secondary outcome. Trials should include fully or partially remitted patients, ensure that concomitant medication is kept stable and that statistical methods include mixed models or similar ways to take account of missing values. Future treatment development should implement a ‘circuit-based’ neuroimaging biomarker model to examine neural target engagement. Interventions targeting multiple treatment modalities may also be beneficial.
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4

(Editor), Daniel D. Hutto, and Matthew Ratcliffe (Editor), eds. Folk Psychology Re-Assessed. Springer, 2007.

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5

Sagiv, Noam, Monika Sobczak-Edmans, and Adrian L. Williams. Personification, Synaesthesia, and Social Cognition. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199688289.003.0015.

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Defining synaesthesia has proven to be a challenging task as the number of synaesthesia variants and associated phenomena reported by synaesthetes has increased over the past decade or so. This chapter discusses the inclusion of non-sensory concurrents in the category of synaesthesia. For example, many grapheme-colour synaesthetes also attribute gender and personality to letters and numbers consistently and involuntarily. Here we assess the question of including synaesthetic personification as a type of synaesthesia. We also discuss the relationship between synaesthetic personification and other instances of personification and mentalizing. We hope to convince readers that whether or not they embrace atypical forms of personification as a synaesthesia variant, studying the phenomenon is a worthwhile effort that could yield novel insights into human cognition and brain function.
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6

Raymont, Vanessa, and Robert D. Stevens. Cognitive Reserve. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199653461.003.0029.

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The cognitive reserve hypothesis suggests that the structure and function of an individual’s brain can modulate the clinical expression of brain damage and illness. This chapter describes passive and active models of reserve, their impact on neurological illness, and how these effects can be assessed. Passive models focus on the protective potential of anatomical features, such as brain size, neural density, and synaptic connectivity, while active models emphasize the connectivity and efficiency of neural networks and active compensation by alternative networks. It is likely that both models represent features of a common biological substrate and could help in the development of strategies to improve outcome following critical illness.
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7

Le Pelley, Mike E., Oren Griffiths, and Tom Beesley. Associative Accounts of Causal Cognition. Edited by Michael R. Waldmann. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199399550.013.2.

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Humans are clearly sensitive to causal structures—we can describe and understand causal mechanisms and make predictions based on them. But this chapter asks: Is causal learning always causal? Or might seemingly causal behavior sometimes be based on associations that merely encode the information that two events “go together,” not that one causes the other? This associative view supposes that people often (mis)interpret associations as supporting the existence of a causal relationship between events; they make the everyday mistake of confusing correlation with causation. To assess the validity of this view, one must move away from considering specific implementations of associative models and instead focus on the general principle embodied by the associative approach—that the rules governing learning are general-purpose, and so do not differentiate between situations involving cause–effect relationships and those involving signaling relationships that are non-causal.
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8

Schulz, Armin W. It's Only Human. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/9780197800188.001.0001.

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Abstract What makes humans cognitively unique—and why are they unique in these ways? These are interesting questions not just because we are humans, but also because we have an outsized influence on the planet as a whole. To answer them, this book begins by providing a clearer characterization of the nature of human cognitive uniqueness: it sets out and justifies an inventory of key features of distinctively human cognition. On this basis, the book assesses the major existing theories seeking to explain distinctively human thought from across the cognitive, social, and human sciences and argues that a new account is needed, one that bridges nativist and learning-based approaches. It then presents exactly such an account. At the heart of this account is a positive feedback loop that links evolved representations, forms of cultural learning, and technology. With the help of this feedback loop, key examples of uniquely human cognition can be explained: distinctively human mindreading, distinctively human moral cognition, and the distinctively human propensity for trade. The book concludes with an application of this interactionist theory of distinctively human cognition to various issues of contemporary importance: the relationship between distinctively human cognition and increasingly sophisticated artificial intelligence, the role of religion in human thought and action, and the relationship between extensive patent regimes and human innovation. In doing all this, the book takes a simultaneous methodological and explanatory approach: it shows how to best conduct the study of human cognitive uniqueness and actually engages in this study itself.
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Hodges, John R. Cognitive Assessment for Clinicians. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198749189.001.0001.

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This book provides clinicians with a theoretically motivated guide to the assessment of patients with cognitive complaints. Its main goal is to teach physicians, psychiatrists, and psychologists how to assess cognition in the clinic or at the bedside based around the instrument, the Addenbrooke’s Cognitive Examination (ACE), developed in Cambridge over many years and subsequently refined and modified. The latest version is the ACE-III, which is freely available and has been translated into many languages. The early chapters provide a framework in which aspects of cognition are considered as those with a distributed representation in the brain (such as attention and memory) versus those with more focal representation (such as language, praxis, and spatial abilities). There are descriptions of the major syndromes encountered in clinical practice, notably delirium and dementia, which have been updated to incorporate recent discoveries. There follows the all-important section on history taking and the ‘meat of the book’: how to perform bedside cognitive testing. The ACE-III is contrasted to other commonly used brief standardized mental test schedules (such as the Montreal Cognitive Examination). Sixteen cases with a full range of cognitive disorders illustrate the method recommended. Finally, there is an appendix outlining the range of formal tests commonly used in neuropsychological practice.
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Kane, Robert L., and Thomas D. Parsons, eds. The Role of Technology in Clinical Neuropsychology. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190234737.001.0001.

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Neuropsychology as a field has been slow to embrace and exploit the potential offered by technology to either make the assessment process more efficient or to develop new capabilities that augment the assessment of cognition. The Role of Technology in Clinical Neuropsychology details current efforts to use technology to enhance cognitive assessment with an emphasis on developing expanded capabilities for clinical assessment. The first sections of the book provide an overview of current approaches to computerized assessment along with newer technologies to assess behavior. The next series of chapters explores the use of novel technologies and approaches in cognitive assessment as they relate to developments in telemedicine, mobile health, and remote monitoring including developing smart environments. While still largely office-based, health care is increasingly moving out of the office with an increased emphasis on connecting patients with providers, and providers with other providers, remotely. Chapters also address the use of technology to enhance cognitive rehabilitation by implementing conceptually-based games to teach cognitive strategies and virtual environments to measure outcomes. Next, the chapters explore the use of virtual reality and scenario-based assessment to capture critical aspects of performance not assessed by traditional means and the implementation of neurobiological metrics to enhance patient assessment. Chapters also address the use of imaging to better define cognitive skills and assessment methods along with the integration of cognitive assessment with imaging to define the functioning of brain networks. The final section of the book discusses the ethical and methodological considerations needed for adopting advanced technologies for neuropsychological assessment. Authored by numerous leading figures in the field of neuropsychology, this volume emphasizes the critical role that virtual environments, neuroimaging, and data analytics will play as clinical neuropsychology moves forward in the future.
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Частини книг з теми "Assessor cognition"

1

Aksoy, Mehmet Emin, Kurtulus Izzetoglu, Atahan Agrali, Dilek Kitapcioglu, Mete Gungor, and Aysun Simsek. "Effect of Robotic Surgery Simulators in Training Assessed by Functional Near-Infrared Spectroscopy (fNIRs)." In Augmented Cognition. Human Cognition and Behavior, 271–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50439-7_18.

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Djamasbi, Soussan, Bengisu Tulu, Javad Norouzi Nia, Andrew Aberdale, Christopher Lee, and Susanne Muehlschlegel. "Using Eye Tracking to Assess the Navigation Efficacy of a Medical Proxy Decision Tool." In Augmented Cognition, 143–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-22419-6_11.

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Newman, Stanton, Louise Klinger, Graham Venn, Peter Smith, Michael Harrison, and Tom Treasure. "Reports of Cognitive Change, Mood State and Assessed Cognition Following Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery." In Impact of Cardiac Surgery on the Quality of Life, 191–99. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0647-4_24.

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Wallace, Tanya L., Theresa M. Ballard, and Courtney Glavis-Bloom. "Animal Paradigms to Assess Cognition with Translation to Humans." In Cognitive Enhancement, 27–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16522-6_2.

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5

Kastens, Kim A., and Ann Rivet. "Using Analogical Mapping to Assess the Affordances of Scale Models Used in Earth and Environmental Science Education." In Spatial Cognition VII, 112–24. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14749-4_12.

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Epelbaum, Stéphane, and Federica Cacciamani. "Clinical Assessment of Brain Disorders." In Machine Learning for Brain Disorders, 233–52. New York, NY: Springer US, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-3195-9_7.

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AbstractThe clinical evaluation of brain diseases strictly depends on patient’s complaint and observation of their behavior. The specialist, often the neurologist, chooses whether and how to assess cognition, motor system, sensory perception, and autonomic nervous system. They may also decide to request a more in-depth examination, such as neuropsychological and language assessments and imaging or laboratory tests. From the synthesis of all these results, they will be able to make a diagnosis. The neuropsychological assessment in particular is based on the collection of medical history, on the clinical observation, and on the administration of standardized cognitive tests validated in the scientific literature. It is therefore particularly useful when a neurological disease with cognitive and/or behavioral manifestation is suspected. The introduction of machine learning methods in neurology represents an important added value to the evaluation performed by the clinician to increase the diagnostic accuracy, track disease progression, and assess treatment efficacy.
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Palma Fraga, Ricardo, Pratusha Reddy, Ziho Kang, and Kurtulus Izzetoglu. "Multimodal Analysis Using Neuroimaging and Eye Movements to Assess Cognitive Workload." In Augmented Cognition. Theoretical and Technological Approaches, 50–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-50353-6_4.

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8

Diano, Federico, Fabrizio Ferrara, Alessia Rosa, and Michela Ponticorvo. "Diligo 2.0: A Pilot Study for the Use of a Mobile App to Assess School Readiness." In Psychology, Learning, Technology, 96–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15845-2_6.

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AbstractDiligo 2.0 is a mobile app designed as a serious game to assess spatial and numerical cognition as key elements of the school readiness concept in association with a preference for slow and fast thinking strategies. School readiness is a key concept for the future development of cognitive and emotional abilities of children, and it is highly correlated with academic success. The app is also focused on evaluating a preference for slow or fast thinking activities. The Diligo 2.0 app has been developed for Android platform and has been distributed in two Italian schools as a pilot study with 44 children. Usage data have been collected and are discussed in this paper to show possible directions for this kind of digital tool both for assessment and for training children's abilities.
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Haass, Michael J., and Laura E. Matzen. "Using Computational Modeling to Assess Use of Cognitive Strategies." In Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Directing the Future of Adaptive Systems, 77–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21852-1_10.

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Spiker, V. Alan, and Joan H. Johnston. "Using Behavioral Measures to Assess Counter-Terrorism Training in the Field." In Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, 461–70. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-21741-8_49.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Assessor cognition"

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Nikulina, Margarita, Angelina Zheltukhina, Anna Shulman, Maxim Baltin, Elena Semenova, and Tatyana Baltina. "Virtual Reality: A New Tool to Assess the Association between Balance and Cognitive Style." In 2024 Sixth International Conference Neurotechnologies and Neurointerfaces (CNN), 136–39. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cnn63506.2024.10705878.

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2

Msayer, Mohamed El, Es-Saâdia Aoula, and Bouchra Bouihi. "Artificial intelligence in computerized adaptive testing to assess the cognitive performance of students: A Systematic Review." In 2024 International Conference on Intelligent Systems and Computer Vision (ISCV), 1–8. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iscv60512.2024.10620092.

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3

Santana, Beatriz Franco de, Flávia Arbex Borim, Deusivania Silva Falcão, Meire Cachioni, Samila Tavares Batistoni, Ruth Melo, Anita Neri, and Monica Yassuda. "COGNITION, FUNCTIONAL STATUS AND FRAILTY AMONG THE OLDEST OLD." In XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda101.

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Background: Frailty is defined as a recognizable state of increased vulnerability resulting from age-associated decline of function in various physiological systems. Objective: To assess possible associations between cognition, function status and frailty in a sample of oldest old with performance below cut off scores for dementia in the MMSE. Methods: Sociodemographic, cognitive, functional status and frailty data were obtained from 130 individuals.Frailty was defined by Fried’s frailty phenotype.Functional status was measured by the Functional Activities Questionnaire.The Cognitive Dementia Rating scale was applied to assess dementia severity. Results: In all,28% were male and 72% female,mean age of 82.4 years(SD=5.3).40% were illiterate and 94% had held jobs based on manual activity.In the sample 54.6% had functional impairment.Among participants with normal cognition and functional status,6.1% were frail,8.4% pre-frail and 7.6% robust,among those with impaired cognition and preserved functional status,13% were frail,6.9% pre-frail and 0.7% robust;among those with impaired cognition and functional status,30,7% were frail,19.2% pre-frail and 4.6% robust;and among those with preserved cognition and impaired functional status,0% were frail or robust and 2.3% pre-frail. Conclusion: Participants with impaired cognition and functional status included the largest number of frail and pre-frail participants. These results suggest that impaired cognition and functional status are associated with frailty among the oldest old.
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Dias, Yves Henrique Faria, Leonardo Moreira Dutra, Mariana Vanon Moreira, Bárbara Gomes Muffato, Ana Luíza Badini Tubenchlak, Maria Clara Lopes Rezende, Milla Giancristofaro Dutra, Bernardo Valle Zanetti, and Leandro Véspoli Campos. "Influence of insomnia on cognition." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.018.

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Background: Insomnia is a disorder characterized by difficulty in initiating and maintaining sleep, affecting about 20% of the world population. As a consequence, this disorder brings a significant loss of quality of life for the affected individuals, triggering the questioning about its influence on cognitive performance. Objectives: To investigate the interference of insomnia on cognition. Methods: During April of 2021, a literature review was carried out in the PubMed database, using the descriptors “Insomnia” and “Cognition”, in addition to their respective variations in MeSH. We selected studies carried out in humans and published in the last five years. Results: A total of 317 articles were found, of which four were selected to produce this abstract. The studies showed a significant relationship between sleep restriction caused by insomnia and worsening cognitive activity. In this sense, the fragmentation of rest and the difficulty of reaching deeper stages of sleep altered the cognitive efficiency of the affected patients, causing impaired performance in aspects such as attention, memory, learning capacity, perception and ability to solve problems. Performance was assessed through subjective and objective tests - composed of patient reports and practical tests, respectively. Despite the negative relationship established, one of the studies reports that certain domains of cognition were preserved, such as psychomotor and verbal functions. Conclusions: Insomnia adversely affects individuals’ cognitive performance, resulting in losses in the patient’s life.
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Souza, João Pedro Ferrari, Wagner Brum, Lucas Hauschild, Lucas Da Ros, Pâmela Lukasewicz Ferreira, Bruna Bellaver, Douglas Leffa, et al. "ASSOCIATION OF VASCULAR RISK AND ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE PATHOLOGY WITH NEURODEGENERATION AND COGNITIVE DECLINE." In XIII Meeting of Researchers on Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1980-5764.rpda024.

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Background: It is not fully understood how vascular risk factors (VRFs) are associated with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) pathology to promote neurodegeneration and cognitive decline. Objective: Investigate whether VRF burden synergistically interacts with AD pathology to accelerate neurodegeneration and cognitive decline in cognitively unimpaired (CU) individuals. Methods: We assessed 503 CU participants from the Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database. Individuals were dichotomized as having an elevated VRF burden if ≥ 2 VRFs (V+) and as presenting biological AD if CSF p-tau181 ≥ 24 pg/mL and CSF Aβ1-42 ≤ 976.6 pg/mL [(AT)+]. Neurodegeneration was assessed with plasma neurofilament light (NfL) and cognition with the modified version of the Preclinical Alzheimer’s Cognitive Composite. Results: Linear mixed-effects models demonstrated that an elevated VRF burden interacted with AD pathology to promote higher rates of neurodegeneration (β=5.68, p=.005) and cognitive decline (β=- 0.43, p=.019). Survival analysis demonstrated that only (AT)+V+ individuals had a significantly greater risk of clinical progression to cognitive impairment (adjusted Hazard Ratio=3.5, p <.001). Conclusion: Our results suggest that VRF burden and AD pathology synergistically lead to neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, favoring the onset of cognitive impairment. These findings support that the clinical evaluation of VRF burden might improve the clinical assessment especially of subjects at higher risk for developing cognitive impairment.
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Murphy, Alexander R., Bryan C. Watson, Megan E. Tomko, Ethan C. Hilton, and Julie S. Linsey. "A Review of Design-Related Literature Concerning Cognitive Processes, Prototyping Strategies, and Modeling Processes." In ASME 2021 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2021-66994.

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Abstract In industry and academia, designers and engineers use prototyping at various stages in the design process to evaluate progress, archive process, assess viability, and communicate mental models to a team. Cognitive processes not only play a huge role during the design process, but also have causal relationships with various prototyping strategies. However, these causal relationships are not well understood in the design field. This paper presents a review of design-field literature related to cognitive processes, prototyping strategies, and modeling processes to identify literature consensus, consolidate experimental results, and expose gaps in the literature. After analysis of the literature, Fixation, Team Cognition, Iterative Prototyping, and Rapid Prototyping are the most well researched areas, especially when compared to their effects on cognitive processes. Sunk Cost, Requirement Relaxation, and Expertise are areas that could be better understood. The relationships between relevant cognitive processes, prototyping strategies, and modeling processes are consolidated into a data visualization that invites researchers and novices alike to explore the field of design in a fresh way that could spark new research endeavors or provoke interest in the field. This literature review and analysis reveals trends in design research through a novel approach with an emphasis on cognition, as well as provides a consolidated cannon of work that gives a sense of what has already been done on these topics and what is still left to explore.
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Zhou, Mengdi, Shuang Peng, Minghui Yang, Nan Li, Hongbin Wang, Li Qiao, Haitao Mi, Zujie Wen, Teng Xu, and Lei Liu. "IIAS: An Intelligent Insurance Assessment System through Online Real-time Conversation Analysis." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/721.

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With the development of Chinese medical insurance industry, the amount of claim cases is growing rapidly. Ultimately, more claims necessarily indicate that the insurance company has to spend much time assessing claims and decides how much compensation the claimant should receive, which is a highly professional process that involves many complex operations. Therefore, the insurance assessor's role is essential. However, for the junior assessor often lacking in practical experience, it is not easy to quickly handle such an online procedure. In order to alleviate assessors' cognitive workload, we propose an Intelligent Insurance Assessment System (IIAS) that helps effectively collect claimant information through online real-time conversation analysis. With the assistance of IIAS, the average time cost of the insurance assessment procedure is reduced from 55 minutes to 35 minutes.
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Olegário, Raphael Lopes, and Einstein Francisco Camargos. "The potential role of neurotechnology-based cognitive training for older adults: A scoping review." In II SEVEN INTERNATIONAL MEDICAL AND NURSING CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/iicongressmedicalnursing-177.

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Background: There is a considerable variety of neurotechnology-based cognitive training using immersive and computerized technologies, although this wide variety of training is not well explored by the literature in manuscripts that describe what types of approaches exist and what training is most appropriate for certain individuals' necessities, especially for perceptual and cognitive outcomes. Aim: To synthesize neurotechnology-based cognitive training interventions for healthy older adults. Methods: We followed the guidelines set forth for conducting systematic scoping reviews proposed by Peters et al. (2015). Consistent with this methodology, our review was conducted in five steps (developing the specific research questions, identifying relevant studies, selecting studies, charting data, and summarizing and reporting results). Results and Discussion: The initial search of electronic databases yielded 417. After the removal of duplicates, 328 studies were screened. After abstract and title screening, we assessed 36 full texts for eligibility and included 13 studies in the final synthesis. From our first specific research question, the most frequently mentioned type of training in recent literature is computer-based cognitive training. From our second specific research question, the most frequently mentioned cognitive outcomes in healthy older adults are global cognition, inhibitory control, and processing speed. Conclusion: The results of this brief scoping review show the importance of evaluating the impact of neurotechnology-based cognitive training to verify its effects on the cognitive performance of healthy older adults.
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Cimpanu, Corina, Tiberius Dumitriu, and Florina Ungureanu. "INSTRUCTIONAL DESIGN BASED ON THE ASSESSMENT OF COGNITIVE LOAD AND WORKING MEMORY LOAD." In eLSE 2018. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-18-078.

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Instruction is usually designed based on the cognitive load theory. Human cognition can be portrayed as a native information processing system while handling biologically secondary information, which works similarly to the information processing during evolution by natural selection. There is a critical aspect to be taken into account assuming that human cognition does not explicitly evolve to learn topics that require domain-specific knowledge. This characteristic of human cognition strongly related to the capacity of working memory is essential for the development of a germane architecture to instructional design. Considering that the working memory applies to a biologically secondary domain-specific knowledge that requires instruction, cognitive load provides techniques for calibrating working memory load during this process. The evaluation of a learning process performance for either standard systems or virtual e-learning environments is mainly associated with working memory activities. The goal of our work is to study different approaches to assess and classify cognitive load and working memory activity along teaching activity during stressful conditions. For this purpose, Electroencephalography (EEG) signals were acquired using both high-end and wireless EEG acquisition devices. The EEG signals were acquired from users involved in memory tests and typical reasoning scenarios. Electroencephalogram (EEG) recordings offer insightful information concerning diagnosis and prognosis of human thinking and memory-related processes, aiding researchers and physicians in Brain-Computer Interface (BCI) systems development. Oscillatory activity in all frequency bands characterizes with high accuracy different memory tasks. Alpha rhythms are spontaneous waves that appear in healthy awake adults under relaxation and mental inactivity. Beta waves are specific for central and frontal locations on the scalp enhancing during mental computations. Theta and delta rhythms are typically observed during deep sleep. Under task conditions, Theta reflects the degree of difficulty and portraits the transfer of information between long-term memory and memory functions. Considered the optimal frequency of brain functioning, Gamma brainwaves are patterns related to perception and consciousness. A statistical analysis of the EEG data is performed, while a comparison between several classifiers is meant to emphasize their fitting for working memory activities identification.
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Miller, Mark, and Sam Holley. "Deficits in Cognitive Resilience of Commercial Pilots: The Case For a CRM Tenet on Computer Information and Automation in Digital Flight Operations." In 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003921.

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Enhanced proficiency for commercial pilots operating in advanced digital technology flight operations is needed to address potential deficits in cognitive resilience. Cognitive resilience is needed when cognitive flow is disrupted or when unanticipated situations occur resulting in cognitive overload or confusion. The researchers propose adding a Digital Flight Deck Management tenet to the current Crew Resource and Threat Error Management model that would focus on successful responses to disruptive effects from computer information and automation operations. The researchers analysed these effects via three approaches. First, a human factors analysis applied an upgraded SHELL model to identify issues that affect cognition, situational awareness, and decision making. Second, evaluating data extracted from NTSB accident reports and ASRS GPS databases, an aviation safety analysis showed the commercial flight industry has become safer, but incidents involving computer information and automation error have increased by as much as 72%. Third, recent trends were examined to assess potential threats in the form of cyber-attacks, digital interference and loss of digital systems that affect digital flight operations. Movement toward efficiency gains are driving forces for increased use of digital information and automation. When considering the evolution and transition of the human-machine collaboration on the digital flight deck, and development of single pilot operations or distributed crewing for commercial flight, the researchers propose augmenting the CRM/TEM model by incorporating a Digital Flight Deck Management tenet to address potential deficits in cognitive resilience, situational awareness, and decision making.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Assessor cognition"

1

Luan, Sisi, Wenke Cheng, Chenglong Wang, Hongjian Gong, and Jianbo Zhou. Impact of glucagon-like peptide 1 analogs on cognitive function among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0015.

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Review question / Objective: Diabetes is an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment. Little is known regarding the neuroprotective effects of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) analogs on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Here, the study aim to assess the impact of GLP-1 on general cognition function among patients with T2DM. Eligibility criteria: Inclusion criteria were as follows: (1) an original article was recently published in English, (2) the population included subjects diagnosed with diabetes at baseline, (3) GLP-1 analogs is a single formulation rather than a fixed dose combination, (4) GLP-1 analogs were compared with no GLP-1 use or placebo or self-control before treatment, (5) the duration of antidiabetic agent use was 12 weeks or more, and (6) it provided quantitative measures of general cognitive function assessed by MMSE or MoCA. Exclusion criteria were as follows: (1) the publication was a review, case report, animal study, or letter to the editor, (2) the study did not clearly define clinical outcomes, (3) the authors could not provide valid data after being contacted, (4) duplicated data.
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LI, Zhendong, Hangjian Qiu, xiaoqian Wang, chengcheng Zhang, and Yuejuan Zhang. Comparative Efficacy of 5 non-pharmaceutical Therapies For Adults With Post-stroke Cognitive Impairment: Protocol For A Bayesian Network Analysis Based on 55 Randomized Controlled Trials. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.6.0036.

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Review question / Objective: This study will provide evidence-based references for the efficacy of 5 different non-pharmaceutical therapies in the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment(PSCI). 1. Types of studies. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation(TMS), Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation(tDCS), Acupuncture, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy(VR) and Computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation(CA) for PSCI will be recruited. Additionally, Studies should be available in full papers as well as peer reviewed and the original data should be clear and adequate. 2. Types of participants. All adults with a recent or previous history of ischaemic or hemorrhagic stroke and diagnosed according to clearly defined or internationally recognized diagnostic criteria, regardless of nationality, race, sex, age, or educational background. 3.Types of interventions and controls. The control group takes non-acupuncture treatment, including conventional rehabilitation or in combination with symptomatic support therapy. The experimental group should be treated with acupuncture on basis of the control group. 4.The interventions of the experimental groups were Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation(TMS), Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation(tDCS), Acupuncture, Virtual Reality Exposure Therapy(VR) or Computer-assisted cognitive rehabilitation(CA), and the interventions of the control group takes routine rehabilitation and cognition training or other therapies mentioned above that were different from the intervention group. 5.Types of outcomes. The primary outcomes are measured with The Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and/or The Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MoCA), which have been widely used to evaluate the cognitive abilities. The secondary outcome indicator was the Barthel Index (BI) to assess independence in activities of daily living (ADLs).
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Chung-Yan, Greg A., and Steven F. Cronshaw. Using the Thorndike Model to Assess the Fairness of Cognitive Ability Tests for Personnel Selection. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, May 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada398473.

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Sun, Yang, Jing Zhao, PanWen Zhao, Hui Zhang, JianGuo Zhong, PingLei Pan, GenDi Wang, ZhongQuan Yi, and LILI Xie. Social cognition in children and adolescents with epilepsy: a meta-analysis. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.3.0011.

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Review question / Objective: To our knowledge, no meta-analysis has summarized social cognitive performance in children and adolescents with epilepsy as independent groups. Therefore, we conducted this meta-analysis to examine differences between children and adolescents with epilepsy and HCs in terms of ToM and FER performance. Condition being studied: Epilepsy is characterized by chronic, unprovoked and recurrent seizures, is the most frequent neurological disease in childhood and usually occurs in early development. Worldwide, it is estimated that approximately 50 million people suffer from the pain of epileptic seizures, with more than half of the cases beginning in childhood and adolescence. So a comprehensive understanding of children and adolescence with epilepsy has become the focus of widespread attention. Recently, a number of studies have assessed ToM or facial emotion recognition deficits in children and adolescents with epilepsy, but the conclusions are inconsistent. These inconsistent findings might be related to the small sample sizes in most studies. Additionally, the methods used to evaluate ToM or facial emotion recognition performance were varied across studies. A meta-analysis can increase statistical power, estimate the severity of these deficits, and help resolve conflicting findings.
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Buczyłowska, Dorota, Tianyu Zhao, Nitika Singh, Agnieszka Siry, Anna Jurczak, and Iana Markevych. Exposure to greenspace and bluespace and cognitive functioning in children - a systematic review protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.2.0018.

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Review question / Objective: Following review questions should be addressed: Is there any association between exposure to greenspace or bluespace and cognitive functioning in children as assessed by observational and interventional research? Does exposure to greenspace or bluespace is more strongly associated with a particular domain of cognitive functioning in children compared to other domains of cognitive functioning? Does the association between exposure to greenspace or bluespace and cognitive functioning in children differ according to age? Does the association between greenspace and bluespace differ depending on type and methods of the exposure assessment? Information sources: PubMed and PsycINFO via EBSCO will be searched. We will also conduct a ‘snowball’ search to detect additional studies by searching the reference lists of publications eligible for full-text review. Further, we will manually search reference lists of previously published reviews.
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MacFadyen, Anne. Cognitive Interview Evaluation of “Healthy and Ready to Learn” Survey Questions (HRSA). Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc/150783.

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This report aimed to assess school readiness of children aged three to five years old. These questions, the “Healthy and Ready to Learn” question set, consist of a subset of questions for inclusion on the National Survey of Children’s Health (NSCH)
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Stephanie Willson and Kristen Miller. Cognitive Interview Evaluation of X Gender Marker Definitions for the U.S. Passport Application Form. Hyattsville, MD: National Center for Health Statistics (U.S.), March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc/150777.

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8

Danon, Alice, Jishnu Das, Andrea de Barros, and Deon Filmer. Cognitive and Socioemotional Skills in Low-Income Countries: Measurement and Associations with Schooling and Earnings. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), February 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2023/126.

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We assess the reliability and validity of cognitive and socioemotional skills measures and investigate the correlation between schooling, skills acquisition, and labor earnings. Our primary data from Pakistan incorporates two innovations related to measurement and sampling. With regard to measurement, we developed and implemented a battery of instruments intended to capture cognitive and socioemotional skills among young adults. With regard to sampling, we use a panel that follows respondents from their original rural locations in 2003 to their residences in 2018, a period over which 38% of respondents left their native villages. We first show that in terms of their validity and reliability, our skills measures compare favorably to previous measurement attempts in low- and middle-income countries. We then document that in our data (a) more years of schooling are correlated with higher cognitive and socioemotional skills; (b) labor earnings are correlated with cognitive and socioemotional skills as well as years of schooling and; (c) the earnings-skills correlations depend on respondents’ migration status. The magnitude of the correlations between schooling and skills on the one hand and earnings and skills on the other is consistent with a widespread concern that such skills are underproduced in the schooling system.
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9

Magaloni, Beatriz, Sofía Marinkovic Dal Poggetto, Tommy E. Murphy, Florencia Pucci, and Beatriz Serra Fernández. Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Gender-based Violence Prevention: Evidence from a Randomized Trial in Mexico. Inter-American Development Bank, May 2025. https://doi.org/10.18235/0013519.

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Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) has become a powerful and effective tool to deal with violence in many at-risk areas in the world. However, its use for gender-based violence (GBV) and dating violence, although promising, has been limited and used as a response service for survivors, rather than for prevention. To understand to what extent such interventions can help provide tools and skills to young people in their impressionable years to produce behavioral changes that prevent GBV, we carried out such an intervention among high school students in the municipality of Ecatepec in Mexico. We assessed the intervention with a randomized control trial. We introduce the novelty of collecting objective measures from automated neuropsychological tests to explore whether CBT might be functioning through the development of subjects' executive functions. Results from this intervention fail to show any clear change in self-reported violence. They do show, however, impacts on executive functions related to violence, such as emotional recognition and inhibitory control skills.
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Pasupuleti, Murali Krishna. Neural Computation and Learning Theory: Expressivity, Dynamics, and Biologically Inspired AI. National Education Services, March 2025. https://doi.org/10.62311/nesx/rriv425.

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Abstract: Neural computation and learning theory provide the foundational principles for understanding how artificial and biological neural networks encode, process, and learn from data. This research explores expressivity, computational dynamics, and biologically inspired AI, focusing on theoretical expressivity limits, infinite-width neural networks, recurrent and spiking neural networks, attractor models, and synaptic plasticity. The study investigates mathematical models of function approximation, kernel methods, dynamical systems, and stability properties to assess the generalization capabilities of deep learning architectures. Additionally, it explores biologically plausible learning mechanisms such as Hebbian learning, spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), and neuromodulation, drawing insights from neuroscience and cognitive computing. The role of spiking neural networks (SNNs) and neuromorphic computing in low-power AI and real-time decision-making is also analyzed, with applications in robotics, brain-computer interfaces, edge AI, and cognitive computing. Case studies highlight the industrial adoption of biologically inspired AI, focusing on adaptive neural controllers, neuromorphic vision, and memory-based architectures. This research underscores the importance of integrating theoretical learning principles with biologically motivated AI models to develop more interpretable, generalizable, and scalable intelligent systems. Keywords Neural computation, learning theory, expressivity, deep learning, recurrent neural networks, spiking neural networks, biologically inspired AI, infinite-width networks, kernel methods, attractor networks, synaptic plasticity, STDP, neuromodulation, cognitive computing, dynamical systems, function approximation, generalization, AI stability, neuromorphic computing, robotics, brain-computer interfaces, edge AI, biologically plausible learning.
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