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Дисертації з теми "Atmospheric methane"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 25 липня 2025

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1

Tice, Dane Steven. "Ground-based near-infrared remote sounding of ice giant clouds and methane." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2014. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:4f09f270-a25c-4d36-96d3-13070a594eaa.

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The ice giants, Uranus and Neptune, are the two outermost planets in our solar system. With only one satellite flyby each in the late 1980’s, the ice giants are arguably the least understood of the planets orbiting the Sun. A better understanding of these planets’ atmospheres will not only help satisfy the natural scientific curiosity we have about these distant spheres of gas, but also might provide insight into the dynamics and meteorology of our own planet’s atmosphere. Two new ground-based, near-infrared datasets of the ice giants are studied. Both datasets provide data in a portion of the

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2

Knappett, Diane Shirley. "Observing the distribution of atmospheric methane from space." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/10928.

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Methane (CH4) is a potent greenhouse gas with a radiative forcing efficiency 21 times greater than that of carbon dioxide (CO2) and an atmospheric lifetime of approximately 12 years. Although the annual global source strength of CH4 is fairly well constrained, the temporal and spatial variability of individual sources and sinks is currently less well quantified. In order to constrain CH4 emission estimates, inversion models require satellite retrievals of XCH4 with an accuracy of < 1-2%. However, satellite retrievals of XCH4 in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) are often hindered by the presence o

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3

Warwick, Nicola Julie. "Global modelling of atmospheric methane and methyl bromide." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619980.

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4

Teama, Doaa Galal. "A 30-Year Record of the Isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Methane." Thesis, Portland State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3557627.

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<p> Methane (CH<sub>4</sub>) is one of the most important greenhouse gases after water vapor and carbon dioxide due to its high concentration and global warming potential 25 times than that of CO<sub>2</sub>(based on a 100 year time horizon). Its atmospheric concentration has more than doubled from the preindustrial era due to anthropogenic activities such as rice cultivation, biomass burning, and fossil fuel production. However, the rate of increase of atmospheric CH<sub>4</sub> (or the growth rate) slowed from 1980 until present. The main reason for this trend is a slowdown in the trend of

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5

Wecht, Kevin James. "Quantifying Methane Emissions Using Satellite Observations." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11252.

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Methane is the second most influential anthropogenic greenhouse gas. There are large uncertainties in the magnitudes and trends of methane emissions from different source types and source regions. Satellite observations of methane offer dense spatial coverage unachievable by suborbital observations. This thesis evaluates the capabilities of using satellite observations of atmospheric methane to provide high-resolution constraints on continental scale methane emissions. In doing so, I seek to evaluate the supporting role of suborbital observations, to inform the emission inventories on which po

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6

Butterworth, Anna Lucy. "Determination of the combined isotopic composition of atmospheric methane." Thesis, Open University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.264463.

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7

Butenhoff, Christopher Lee. "Investigation of the sources and sinks of atmospheric methane." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/2813.

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The work presented here represents a number of independent studies that investigated various components of the CH4 budget, namely the sources and sinks. We used a chemical-tracer model and created unique long-term time series of atmospheric CH4, carbon monoxide (CO), molecular hydrogen (H2), and methylchloroform (CH3CCl3) measurements at marine background air to derive histories of atmospheric hydroxyl radical (OH) - the main chemical oxidant of CH4, biomass burning - an important source of CH4 in the tropics, and emissions of CH4 from rice paddies - one of the largest anthropogenic sources of

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8

Srong, E. Kimberley. "Spectral parameters of methane for remote sounding of the Jovian atmosphere." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:0f870f86-c546-461d-aca7-61f1ccc249df.

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Spectroscopic measurements in the infrared have proven to be a valuable source of information about the Jovian atmosphere. However, numerous questions remain, many of which will be addressed by the Galileo μission, due to arrive at Jupiter in December, 1995. One of the instruments on Galileo is the Near-Infrared Mapping Spectrometer (NIMS), which will measure temperature structure, cheμical composition, and cloud properties. The objective of the work described in this thesis was to investigate the transmittance properties of the Jovian atmosphere and, in particular, to obtain transmittance fun

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9

Snover, Amy Katherine. "The stable hydrogen isotopic composition of methane emitted from biomass burning and removed by oxic soils : application to the atmospheric methane budget /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11570.

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10

Bräunlich, Maya. "Study of atmospheric carbon monoxide and methane Untersuchung von atmosphärischen Kohlenmonoxid und Methan anhand von Isotopenmessungen /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2000. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB8832641.

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11

Street, Rachel Anna. "Emissions of non-methane hydrocarbons from three forest ecosystems." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260959.

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12

Miller, Scot M. "Emissions of Nitrous Oxide and Methane in North America." Thesis, Harvard University, 2015. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:17467371.

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Methane (CH_4) and nitrous oxide (N_2O) are the second- and third-most important long-lived greenhouse gas species after carbon dioxide (CO_2) in terms of radiative forcing. This thesis describes the magnitude, spatial distribution, and seasonality of N_2O and CH_4 sources over North America using atmospheric data. We also investigate the environmental drivers and/or anthropogenic source sectors that can explain these emissions patterns. Overall, this thesis provides information on the magnitude, distribution, and likely drivers of greenhouse gas emissions to aid existing or future climate cha

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13

McNorton, Joe Ramu. "Analysis of recent atmospheric methane trends using models and observations." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13294/.

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Over the past two decades the growth rate of methane has shown large variability on multi-year timescales, the reasons for which are not well understood. The JULES land surface model, TOMCAT 3-D chemical transport model and observations have been used to investigate causes for these variations, with a specific focus on wetland emissions and atmospheric loss. The role of atmospheric variability in the recent methane trends was investigated using TOMCAT, driven by variations in global mean hydroxyl concentrations derived from methyl chloroform observations. Results show that between 1999 and 200

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14

Teama, Doaa Galal Mohammed. "A 30-Year Record of the Isotopic Composition of Atmospheric Methane." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/642.

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Анотація:

Methane (CH4) is one of the most important greenhouse gases after water vapor and carbon dioxide due to its high concentration and global warming potential 25 times than that of CO2 (based on a 100 year time horizon). Its atmospheric concentration has more than doubled from the preindustrial era due to anthropogenic activities such as rice cultivation, biomass burning, and fossil fuel production. However, the rate of increase of atmospheric CH4 (or the growth rate) slowed from 1980 until present. The main reason for this trend is a slowdown in the trend of CH4 sources. Measuring stable isotope

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15

Tie, XueXi. "A three-dimensional global dynamical and chemical model of methane." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/30885.

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16

Shaw, Stephanie Lyn 1973. "The production of non-methane hydrocarbons by marine plankton." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8255.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 118-134).<br>The oceans are a small source of non-methane hydrocarbons (NMHC), a suite of volatile organics whose chemical destruction mechanism by reaction with hydroxyl radical can significantly affect the oxidation capacity of the atmosphere. Little is known about the water column cycling processes that constrain this source; previous work has established a photochemical source for many alkenes, and a phytoplanktonic source for isopren

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17

Barnhouse, Willard D. Jr. "Methane Plume Detection Using Passive Hyper-Spectral Remote Sensing." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1129913636.

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18

Starr, Sean Michael. "Microbial methane oxidation in the marine and estuarine environment." Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313378.

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19

Santoni, Gregory Winn. "Fluxes of Atmospheric Methane Using Novel Instruments, Field Measurements, and Inverse Modeling." Thesis, Harvard University, 2013. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10941.

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The atmospheric concentration of methane \((CH_4)\) - the most significant non-\(CO_2\) anthropogenic long-lived greenhouse gas - stabilized between 1999 and 2006 and then began to rise again. Explanations for this behavior differ but studies agree that more measurements and better modeling are needed to reliably explain the model-data discrepancies and predict future change. This dissertation focuses on measurements of \(CH_4\) and inverse modeling of atmospheric \(CH_4\) fluxes using field measurements at a variety of spatial scales. We first present a new fast-response instrument to measure

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20

Wittig, Sophie. "Estimating methane sources and sinks in the Arctic using atmospheric data assimilation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASJ002.

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L'Arctique est une région critique pour le changement climatique. Les températures aux hautes latitudes Nord augmentent environ trois fois plus vite que la moyenne mondiale : les changements environnementaux tels que la diminution de l'étendue de la banquise ou le dégel du pergélisol progressent donc rapidement. En conséquence, des rétroactions climatiques positives sont déclenchées dans cette région, ce qui accélère encore son réchauffement. L'un de ces changements est la possible augmentation des émissions de méthane (CH4). Le CH4 est un puissant gaz à effet de serre dont la concentration mo

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21

Szenasi, Barbara. "Atmospheric monitoring of the CH4 emissions at the European scale." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASJ006.

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Les concentrations atmosphériques de gaz à effet de serre ont rapidement augmenté depuis la révolution industrielle, principalement en raison des activités anthropiques. Les études menées au cours des dernières décennies ont principalement porté sur le dioxyde de carbone (CO2), qui est le principal responsable de la croissance du forçage radiatif mondial. Récemment, le méthane (CH4), deuxième contributeur le plus important, a fait l'objet d'une attention scientifique croissante car il présente un important potentiel d'atténuation. En raison de sa durée de vie relativement courte (8 à 10 ans),

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22

Jaeger, Alexa. "Methane and carbon dioxide cycling in soils of the Harvard Forest." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/117912.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (page 18).<br>Soil is Earth's largest terrestrial carbon pool (Oertel et al., 2016) and can act as a net source of greenhouse gases (GHG). However, if organic material accumulates in soils faster than it is converted to CO2 by cellular respiration, soil becomes a smaller GHG source and even has the potential to become a GHG sink. Not much is known about factors that drive soil to be a source or a sin

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23

Santanam, Suresh. "A trend study of atmospheric methane : 1965-81 GC and polar icecore measurements /." Full text open access at:, 1985. http://content.ohsu.edu/u?/etd,168.

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24

Wilson, Christopher James. "Analysing recent spatial and temporal atmospheric methane variations using forward and inverse modelling." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3666/.

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The TOMCAT 3-D chemical transport model (CTM) has been used to investigate the cause of recent variations in global atmospheric methane (CH4), focusing on examining changes in the balance of sources and sinks of the species. The chemical loss, transport and emissions of methane have been studied and a new 4D-Var inverse version of TOMCAT has been created. The accuracy of the TOMCAT model transport was investigated by simulating the distribution of the long-lived species SF6. A range of model grid resolutions, boundary layer schemes and advection schemes were tested. New retrievals from the Atm

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25

Weinmann, Julian. "Influence of the Martian regolith on the atmospheric methane and water vapour cycle." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Rymdteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-75897.

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Context. The Martian methane and water cycle are subject of ongoing research through simulation. Exchange with the subsurface has a potentially strong impact, but is often neglected. Aims. For methane, I determine if adsorption with an increased enthalpy can explain the observed seasonal variations and conflicting observations by the Trace Gas Orbiter and the Curiosity rover. For water, the impact of adsorption and ice formation in the subsurface on the global cycle is studied. A new way of initializing the soil, by running a decoupled subsurface model, is tested. Depths of stable subsurface i

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26

Barlow, James Mathew. "Interpretation of observed atmospheric variations of CO2 and CH4." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/10507.

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The overarching theme of my thesis is understanding observed variations of northern hemisphere atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) concentrations. I focus my analysis on high-latitude observations of these gases, as there are large stores of carbon in boreal vegetation and tundra which are vulnerable to rapid warming in the Arctic. My thesis is split into two parts. First, I use the wavelet transform to spectrally decompose observed multi-decadal timeseries for CO2 and CH4. I perform a series of numerical experiments based on synthetic data in order to characterise the errors as

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27

Porter, William Christian. "Community Earth System Model: Implementation, Validation, and Applications." PDXScholar, 2012. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/547.

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The Community Earth System Model (CESM) is a coupling of five different models which are combined to simulate the dynamic interactions between and within the Earth's atmosphere, ocean, land, land-ice, and sea-ice. In this work, the installation and testing of CESM on Portland State University's Cluster for Climate Change and Aerosol Research (CsAR) is described and documented, and two research applications of the model are performed. First, the improved treatment of cloud microphysics within recent versions of CESM's atmospheric module is applied to an examination of changes in shortwave cloud

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28

Reum, Friedemann [Verfasser], and Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Claußen. "Methane emissions from the East Siberian Arctic Shelf inferred from accurate observations of atmospheric methane mole fractions / Friedemann Reum ; Betreuer: Martin Claußen." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1194547958/34.

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29

Reum, Friedemann Verfasser], and Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] [Claussen. "Methane emissions from the East Siberian Arctic Shelf inferred from accurate observations of atmospheric methane mole fractions / Friedemann Reum ; Betreuer: Martin Claußen." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2019. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-99507.

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30

Tizzard, Louise Helen. "The Contribution to atmospheric methane from sub-seabed sources in the UK continental shelf." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.445613.

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31

Hausmann, Petra [Verfasser], and Ralf [Akademischer Betreuer] Sussmann. "Long-Term Monitoring of Atmospheric Water Vapor and Methane / Petra Hausmann ; Betreuer: Ralf Sussmann." Augsburg : Universität Augsburg, 2017. http://d-nb.info/1143518926/34.

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32

Rata, Nigel David. "Development of new cryogenic extraction techniques for studying stable isotopic ratios in atmospheric methane." Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312798.

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33

Wang, David Texan. "The geochemistry of methane isotopologues." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111690.

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Thesis: Ph.D. in Geochemistry, Joint Program in Oceanography/Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2017.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 123-143).<br>This thesis documents the origin, distribution, and fate of methane and several of

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34

Kaharabata, Samuel K. "Non-disturbing methods of estimating trace gas emissions from agricultural and forest sources." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=35903.

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Two approaches, one using an atmospheric diffusion model and the other an atmospheric tracer, were used to predict the source strength of trace gases from observations of the downwind concentration field. Both approaches do not disturb the prevailing environmental and physical conditions nor the existing biogenic processes. An analytical solution to the advection-diffusion equation was used to back-calculate the source strength from the downwind concentration measurements of (i) single and multipoint (4 and 16 points) trace gas (sulphur hexafluoride (SF6) and methane (CH4)) release experiments

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35

Kutschera, Ellynne Marie. "Mechanisms of Methane Transport Through Trees." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/643.

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Although the dynamics of methane (CH4) emission from croplands and wetlands have been fairly well investigated, the contribution of trees to global methane emission and the mechanisms of tree transport are relatively unknown. Methane emissions from the common wetland tree species Populus trichocarpa (black cottonwood) native to the Pacific Northwest were measured under hydroponic conditions in order to separate plant transport mechanisms from the influence of soil processes. Roots were exposed to methane enriched water and canopy emissions of methane were measured using a canopy enclosure. Met

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36

Klappenbach, Friedrich Wilhelm [Verfasser], and J. [Akademischer Betreuer] Orphal. "Mobile spectroscopic measurements of atmospheric carbon dioxide and methane / Friedrich Wilhelm Klappenbach ; Betreuer: J. Orphal." Karlsruhe : KIT-Bibliothek, 2016. http://d-nb.info/1114312576/34.

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37

Bubier, Jill L. "Methane flux and plant distribution in northern peatlands." Thesis, McGill University, 1993. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=41554.

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Methane (CH$ sb4$) fluxes were measured in a range of peatland sites by a static chamber method in two regions of northern Canada, the Clay Belt of boreal Ontario and the Labrador Trough of subarctic Quebec. In both regions, seasonal mean water table position was the best predictor of mean CH$ sb4$ flux when microtopography was included in the analysis (r$ sp2$ = 0.73; p $<$ 0.01). The regression coefficients (slopes) were similar in both regions, suggesting a similar functional relationship between water table position and CH$ sb4$ flux; but the constants (intercepts) were different, implying

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38

Chen, Yu-Han 1973. "Estimation of methane and carbon dioxide surface fluxes using a 3-D global atmospheric chemical transport model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/18068.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2004.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 172-180).<br>Methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) are the two most radiatively important greenhouse gases attributable to human activity. Large uncertainties in their source and sink magnitudes currently exist. We estimate global methane surface emissions between 1996 and 2001, using a top-down approach that combines observed and simulated atmospheric CH₄ concentrations. As a secondary study, we describe our participation in a CO₂ inver

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39

Marais, Eloise Ann. "Non-methane volatile organic compounds in Africa: a vew from space." Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:11313.

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Isoprene emissions affect human health, air quality, and the oxidative capacity of the atmosphere. Globally anthropogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) emissions are lower than that of isoprene, but local hotspots are hazardous to human health and air quality. In Africa the tropics are a large source of isoprene, while Nigeria appears as a large contributor to regional anthropogenic NMVOC emissions. I make extensive use of space-based formaldehyde (HCHO) observations from the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and the chemical transport model (CTM) GEOS-Chem to estimate and exa

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40

Liu, Yuexin. "Modeling the emissions of nitrous oxide (N₂O) and methane (CH₄) from the terrestrial biosphere to the atmosphere." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/59869.

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41

Zubas, Laimonas. "Modelling of methane emissions utilising a Lagrangian atmospheric dispersion model in combination with Earth observation data." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31998.

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Space-borne methane observations provide increased spatial coverage and complement the precise, but sparse network of in-situ measurement sites. In this study, a method has been developed to investigate regional-scale methane budgets using space-borne methane observations, utilising the UK Met Office Numerical Atmospheric Modelling Environment (NAME). Lagrangian atmospheric dispersion models, such as NAME, allow us to investigate fluxes at a lesser computational cost and potentially, a higher spatial resolution. An inversion algorithm was created and tested on synthetic ground measurement data

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42

Bostrom, Gregory A. "Development of a Portable Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopic Technique for Measuring Stable Isotopes in Atmospheric Methane." PDXScholar, 2010. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/51.

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Анотація:

Trace gases can have a significant impact on the Earth's climate, and the analysis of changes in these gases and an understanding of how much of these changes are a result of human activity is important for understanding global climate change. Methane (CH4) is the second only to CO2 in radiative forcing over the last 200 years, and its concentration in the atmosphere has more than doubled since 1750. Sources and sinks of CH4 have characteristic isotopic effects, which shift the relative concentration of the methane isotopologues. Spectroscopic techniques for of analysis the isotopic compositio

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43

Sithole, Alec. "Feedbacks of Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Rice Agriculture." PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/43.

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The effect of global warming on methane (CH₄) and nitrous oxide (N₂O) emissions from agriculture was investigated and simulated from a soil warming experiment. Experiments were designed and installed in a temperature controlled greenhouse. The relationships between elevated temperatures and CH₄ and N₂O emissions were determined and calculated as the Q₁₀s of production, emission and oxidation. A study of the populations of methanogens and methanotrophs at a range of soil temperatures was performed based on soil molecular DNA analysis. This study showed that global warming would increase CH₄ emi

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44

Dove, Alice E. "Methane dynamics of a northern boreal beaver pond." Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=23883.

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Most global and regional "greenhouse gas" budgets have neglected beaver ponds, but they have been found to be relatively high emitters of methane (CH$ sb4$) (Roulet et. al., 1992). Static chambers, bubble traps, benthic chambers. piezometers, and water column and sediment profiles were used to determine the dynamics of CH$ sb4$ production, oxidation, storage, and emissions from a northern boreal beaver pond, as part of the Boreal Forest Ecosystem-Atmosphere Study (BOREAS) from May 1 to September 15, 1994. Samples were analysed by gas chromatography, and isotopic analyses were performed by mass

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45

Gasore, Jimmy. "Quantifying emissions of carbon dioxide and methane in central and eastern Africa through high frequency measurements and inverse modeling." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/115771.

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Thesis: Ph. D. in Atmospheric Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2018.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (pages 182-189).<br>Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH 4) are the main greenhouse gases, contributing about 81% of the total human induced radiative forcing. Sufficient observations exist to quantify the global budget of carbon dioxide and methane which is necessary for calculating the resulting radiative forcing. Still, more observations are needed to constrain their time

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46

Ball, Tom. "Seasonal transitions in fluxes of carbon dioxide and methane from an ombrotrophic peatland, Frontenac Bog, southern Quebec." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=27274.

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A climate controlled, dynamic chamber was used to measure carbon dioxide (CO$ sb2$) and methane (CH$ sb4$) exchange on an ombrotrophic peatland. The study periods were July to early November 1995, and early May to July 1996. Five sample sites, showing ecological and hydrological contrast, were investigated. Measurements of Net Ecosystem Exchange showed peak photosynthetic capacity (GP$ sb{ max})$ ranging from 0.52 $ pm$ 0.04 mg C m$ sp{-2}$ s$ sp{-1}$ (June 1996) to 0.03 $ pm$ 0.02 mg C m$ sp{-2}$ s$ sp{-1}$ (early November 1995). Dark respiration measurements ranged from $-$0.21 $ pm$.02 mg C

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47

Letts, Matthew Guy. "Modelling peatland soil climate and methane flux using the Canadian Land Surface Scheme." Thesis, McGill University, 1998. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21590.

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A soil climate parameterization is designed for peatland environments in the Canadian Land Surface Scheme (CLASS). Three wetland soil classes account for the variation in the hydraulic characteristics of organic soils. Saturated hydraulic conductivity varies from a median of 1.0 x 10-7 m/s in deeply humidified sapric peat to 2.8 x 10-4 m/s in relatively undecomposed fibric peat. Average pore volume fraction ranges from 0.83 to 0.93. Parameters are derived for the soil moisture characteristic curves of fibric, hemic and sapric peat, using the Campbell (1974) equation employed in CLASS, and the

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48

Trudeau, M. E. "Stable isotopic analysis and firn air reconstruction of the atmospheric history of methane and delta-carbon-13." Diss., Connect to online resource, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/dissertations/fullcit/3165813.

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49

Anselmo, Christophe. "Atmospheric greenhouse gases detection by optical similitude absorption spectroscopy." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE1131/document.

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Cette thèse porte sur le développement théorique et expérimental d’une nouvelle méthodologie de détection des gaz à effet de serre basée sur la spectroscopie optique d’absorption. La question posée était : est-il possible d’évaluer de manière univoque la concentration d’un gaz à partir d’une mesure par spectroscopie d’absorption différentielle, dans laquelle l’étendue spectrale de la source lumineuse est plus large que celle d’une ou de plusieurs raies d'absorption de la molécule considérée et que, de plus la détection n’est pas résolue spectralement ? La réponse à cette question permettra d’e

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50

Lysyshyn, Kathleen E. "Carbon dioxide and methane fluxes and organic carbon accumulation in old field and northern temperate forest plantation soils." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=31263.

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Carbon dioxide (CO2) and methane (CH4) fluxes from the soil surface, and concentrations within the soil profile, were measured between June 1998 and Sept. 1999 at four adjacent forest plantations and an old field in Nepean, Ontario. The objectives of this study were to quantify seasonal CO2 and CH4 fluxes from the soil surface and within the soil profile to determine the effect of soil moisture and temperature, and forest age and species on the exchange, and establish a chronosequence of organic carbon accumulation in the forest plantations and the old field soils.<br>Dynamic and static chambe

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