Статті в журналах з теми "Azo compounds"

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1

Beck, Karin, Harald Burghard, Gabriele Fischer, Siegfried Hünig, and Petra Reinold. "Azo Cope Rearrangements of Nonstabilized Azo Compounds." Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 26, no. 7 (July 1987): 672–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anie.198706721.

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2

Jamain, Zuhair, Melati Khairuddean, and Tay Guan-Seng. "Synthesis of New Star-Shaped Liquid Crystalline Cyclotriphosphazene Derivatives with Fire Retardancy Bearing Amide-Azo and Azo-Azo Linking Units." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 21, no. 12 (June 16, 2020): 4267. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms21124267.

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Two series of new hexasubstituted cyclotriphosphazene derivatives were successfully synthesized and characterized. These derivatives are differentiated by two types of linking units in the molecules such as amide-azo (6a–j) and azo-azo (8a–j). The homologues of the same series contain different terminal substituents such as heptyl, nonyl, decyl, dodecyl, tetradecyl, hydroxyl, carboxyl, chloro, nitro, and amino groups. All the intermediates and final compounds were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen (CHN) elemental analysis. Liquid crystal properties for all compounds were determined using polarized optical microscope (POM). It was found that only intermediates 2a–e with nitro and alkoxyl terminal chains showed a smectic A phase. All the final compounds with alkoxyl substituents are mesogenic with either smectic A or C phases. However, other intermediates and compounds were found to be non-mesogenic. The study on the fire retardancy of final compounds was determined using limiting oxygen index (LOI) method. The LOI value of pure polyester resin (22.53%) was increased up to 24.71% after treating with 1 wt% of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene (HCCP). Moreover, all the compounds gave positive results on the LOI values and compound 6i with the nitro terminal substituent showed the highest LOI value of 27.54%.
3

Matsui, Masaki, Shigeo Kawamura, Katusoyoshi Shibata, Hiroshige Muramatsu, Motohiro Mitani, Hideo Sawada, and Masaharu Nakayama. "Perfluoroalkylation of azo compounds." Journal of Fluorine Chemistry 57, no. 1-3 (April 1992): 209–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-1139(00)82833-x.

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4

Hamidian, Kourosh, Mohsen Irandoust, Ezzat Rafiee, and Mohammad Joshaghani. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Tautomeric Properties of Some Azo-azomethine Compounds." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 67, no. 2 (February 1, 2012): 159–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2012-0208.

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The primary azo compound 1-(3-formyl-4-hydroxyphenylazo)-4-nitrobenzene reacts with some aliphatic and aromatic diamines and yields the corresponding azo-azomethine compounds. These compounds were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, UV/Vis, and NMR spectroscopy. The primary azo compound exists entirely in the azo form in solution as well as in the solid phase. The tautomeric structure of azo-azomethine compounds heavily depends on the solvent and the substituents. Aliphatic diamine-based compounds favor the enol-imine tautomer while aromatic diamine-based compounds have structures that lie between the two enol-imine and keto-amine tautomers due to a relatively strong intramolecular hydrogen bond. The compounds exhibit positive solvatochromism (bathochromic shift) so that their absorption bands move toward longer wavelengths as the polarity of the solvents increases. In addition, UV/Vis spectrophotometry has shown that the studied compounds have molar extinction coefficients larger than 40000.
5

Kempa, S., L. Wallach, and K. Rueck-Braun. "ChemInform Abstract: Aliphatic Azo Compounds." ChemInform 43, no. 36 (August 9, 2012): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.201236234.

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6

Yadav, Pramod Kumar. "Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Studies of Some Azo-Compounds." Academic Voices: A Multidisciplinary Journal 6 (June 4, 2018): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v6i0.20104.

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Two azo-compounds, azobenzene-4, 4′-dicarboxylic acid 1 and 4-(2-hydroxy-naphthalen-1-ylazo)-benzoic acid 2 were synthesized for study of their antibacterial activity. Structures of the two compounds were confirmed by NMR, IR and elemental analysis. Antibacterial activity of the compounds was tested by disk diffusion method against the bacteria strains Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The compound 1 was moderately active while 2 was highly active against all the bacteria species tested.Academic Voices Vol.6 2016: 24-27
7

Luo, Chao, Oleg Borodin, Xiao Ji, Singyuk Hou, Karen J. Gaskell, Xiulin Fan, Ji Chen, et al. "Azo compounds as a family of organic electrode materials for alkali-ion batteries." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 115, no. 9 (February 9, 2018): 2004–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1717892115.

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Organic compounds are desirable for sustainable Li-ion batteries (LIBs), but the poor cycle stability and low power density limit their large-scale application. Here we report a family of organic compounds containing azo group (N=N) for reversible lithiation/delithiation. Azobenzene-4,4′-dicarboxylic acid lithium salt (ADALS) with an azo group in the center of the conjugated structure is used as a model azo compound to investigate the electrochemical behaviors and reaction mechanism of azo compounds. In LIBs, ADALS can provide a capacity of 190 mAh g−1 at 0.5 C (corresponding to current density of 95 mA g−1) and still retain 90%, 71%, and 56% of the capacity when the current density is increased to 2 C, 10 C, and 20 C, respectively. Moreover, ADALS retains 89% of initial capacity after 5,000 cycles at 20 C with a slow capacity decay rate of 0.0023% per cycle, representing one of the best performances in all organic compounds. Superior electrochemical behavior of ADALS is also observed in Na-ion batteries, demonstrating that azo compounds are universal electrode materials for alkali-ion batteries. The highly reversible redox chemistry of azo compounds to alkali ions was confirmed by density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. It provides opportunities for developing sustainable batteries.
8

Al-Mudhafar, May M. Jawad, Rana A. Kamoon, and Tagreed N.-A. Omar. "Synthesis, Characterization and Antimicrobial Evaluation of New Azo Compounds Derived from Sulfonamides and Isatin Schiff Base." International Journal of Drug Delivery Technology 10, no. 01 (March 25, 2020): 150–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.25258/ijddt.10.1.26.

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The present study deals with the synthesis of four different azo-azomethine derivatives; this is done by two steps; the first step is diazotization of sulfonamides (sulfanilamide, sulfacetamide, sulfamethoxazole, and sulfadiazine) separately, followed by the second step; the coupling reaction of diazotized compounds with isatin bis-Schiff base named 3-((4-nitrobenzylidene) hydrazono)indolin-2-one. The later one (bis-Schiff base) was synthesized by the reaction of 3-hydrazono-indolin-2-one with p-nitrobenzaldehyde. The chemical structures of newly synthesized compounds were approved on the basis of their FTIR, 1H-NMR, and CHNS elemental analysis data results. The synthesized azo compounds were tested in vitro for their antimicrobial potential using well diffusion method. All the target compounds were clearly inhibited Escherichia coli and Candida albicans, while only compounds 2b and 2c show antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The most active compound among the prepared azo compounds against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Candida albicans is compound 2b.
9

Jabar, Maha A., and Nisreen H. Karam. "Synthesis and characterization of azo liquid crystal compounds based on 5H-Thiazolo [3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole unit." Bionatura 7, no. 2 (May 15, 2022): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.21931/rb/2022.07.02.17.

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A calamitic symmetric liquid crystalline consisting of an azo group containing 5H-Thiazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazole moiety compound[III] was synthesized via sequence reactions starting from reaction terephthaldehyde with mercaptoacetic acid and thiosemicarbazide in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid to synthesized 5,5'-(1,4-phenylene)bis(5H-thiazolo[4,3-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-2-amine)[I] then the azo compound [II] synthesized by coupling between diazonium salt of the compound [I] with phenol at(0-4) ̊C., after that the compound [III] was synthesized by the reaction of the compound [II] with methyl bromide in alkaline media. The compounds are characterized by melting points, FTIR and 1HNMR spectroscopy. The mesomorphic behavior was studied by using polarized optical microscopy POM. Keywords. Azo compounds, liquid crystal, mesomorphic properties
10

Ali, Yousaf, Shafida Abd Hamid, and Umer Rashid. "Biomedical Applications of Aromatic Azo Compounds." Mini-Reviews in Medicinal Chemistry 18, no. 18 (October 12, 2018): 1548–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389557518666180524113111.

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11

Klismeta, K., J. Teteris, and J. Aleksejeva. "Photoinduced mass transport in azo compounds." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 49 (December 13, 2013): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/49/1/012036.

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12

Ungureanu, Eleonora-Mihaela, Alexandru C. Razus, Liviu Birzan, Mariana-Stefania Cretu, and George-Octavian Buica. "Electrochemical study of azo–azulene compounds." Electrochimica Acta 53, no. 24 (October 2008): 7089–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2008.04.087.

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13

MATSUI, M., S. KAWAMURA, K. SHIBATA, H. MURAMATSU, M. MITANI, H. SAWADA, and M. NAKAYAMA. "ChemInform Abstract: Perfluoroalkylation of Azo Compounds." ChemInform 24, no. 28 (August 20, 2010): no. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chin.199328132.

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14

Cheon, Kap-Soo, Peter M. Kazmaier, Sam-Rok Keum, Kuk-Tae Park, and Erwin Buncel. "Azo-functionalized dendrimers." Canadian Journal of Chemistry 82, no. 4 (April 1, 2004): 551–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/v04-009.

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We report the synthesis of azo-functionalized Starburst polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimers. The following three systems of azo-functionalized PAMAM dendrimers were prepared by different synthetic routes: (i) phenylazo derivatives; (ii) naphthalimide azo derivatives; and (iii) phthalimide azo derivatives. Model compounds in each system were synthesized for spectroscopic comparison. Confirmation of structure was achieved using a combination of NMR and IR spectroscopy to ascertain the functional sites (i.e., the azo and the cyclic imides), while mass spectrometry and UV–vis spectrophotometry were employed to ascertain the extent of functionalization. Substitution by the azo pendent groups increased the thermal stability of PAMAM dendrimers (TGA weight loss of the naphthalimide azo-functionalized PAMAM dendrimers up to 300 °C, ca. 5%).Key words: dendrimers, azo compounds, hydrazones, tautomerism, hydrogen bonding.
15

Sarah Mohammed Abed and Hasan Thamer Ghanem. "Synthesis and characterization Some of heterocyclic compounds from Nitrogen derivative." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 4 (October 16, 2019): 3186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v10i4.1621.

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This paper involves the synthesis of new oxazepine derivatives by multi-reaction steps. The first step synthesis azo derivative from 2-naphthol with 3-aminoacetophenone. The second step was the condensation reaction between ketone group of the azo compound and different primary aromatic amines (4-amino phenol, 3-nitro aniline and 4-methyl aniline) to yiled new azo Schiff base compounds (S1-S3) respectively. In the final step, Oxazepine compounds (L1-L3)and (L4-L6)were prepared from reaction imine compounds (S1-S3) with maleic and phthalic anhydride in toluene as solvent. All these derivatives were characterized by melting point, FTIR, HNMR and 13CNMR.
16

Azeez, Hadi, Ahmed Al-kadhimi, and Nashwan Tapabashi. "Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Evaluation of Some Azo and Azo-Schiff Compounds." Kirkuk University Journal-Scientific Studies 14, no. 1 (March 28, 2019): 97–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.32894/kujss.2019.14.1.8.

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17

Purwono, Bambang, and Catur Mahardiani. "SYNTHESIS OF AZO COMPOUNDS DERIVATIVE FROM EUGENOL AND ITS APPLICATION AS A TITRATION INDICATOR." Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 1 (June 20, 2010): 95–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.21568.

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The synthesis of azo compounds from eugenol has been carried out by diazotation reaction. The diazonium salt was produced by reaction of aniline and sodium nitrite in acid condition at 0-5 °C temperature to yield benzenediazonium chloride salt. The salt was then reacted with eugenol to produce the azo derivatives. The azo product was analyzed by IR, 1H-NMR, dan GC-MS spectrometer. The results showed that the reaction of benzenediazonium chloride with eugenol gave 4-allyl-2-methoxy-6-hydroxyazobenzene in 34.27% yield for 30 minutes reaction. The derivative of azo compound was dissolved in ethanol and then the color changing was observed in range of pH 9.8-11.1 from yellow to red. Application for titration indicator for acetic acid titrated with sodium hydroxide showed error less than 3.20% compared with phenol phtaline indicator. Keywords: Eugenol, Azo compound, titration indicator
18

Mirkovic, Jelena, Gordana Uscumlic, Aleksandar Marinkovic, and Dusan Mijin. "Azo-hydrazone tautomerism of aryl azo pyridone dyes." Chemical Industry 67, no. 1 (2013): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/hemind120309053m.

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In the last three or four decades disperse dyes derived from pyridones (in particular azo pyridone dyes) have gained in importance, and are widely used in various fields. These compounds have excellent coloration properties, and are suitable for the dyeing of polyester fabrics. Basic features of these dyes are simplicity of their synthesis by diazotation and azo coupling. They generally have high molar extinction coefficient with medium to high light and wet fastness. The absorption maxima of these dyes show their visible absorption wavelength ranging from yellow to orange, which can be attributed to poorly delocalized electrons in the pyridone ring. However, there are several dyes with deep colors such as red or violet. Pyridone dyes with alkyl and aryl groups in ortho position to azo group show 2-pyridone/2-hydroxypyridine tautomerism, while those containing OH and NHR groups conjugated with the azo group show azo-hydrazone tautomerism. Determining azo-hydrazone tautomerism could be therefore interesting, since the tautomers have different physico-chemical properties and most importantly different coloration. The literature on azo-hydrazone tautomerism, determination of equilibrium position, and investigation of substituent and solvent influence on tautomerism has been summarized in the presented review. The general conclusion is that the equilibrium between two tautomers is influenced by the structure of the compounds and by the solvents used. The tautomeric behavior patterns of the arylazo pyridone dyes in the reviewed literature has been studied using various instrumental techniques, including FT-IR, UV-vis, and NMR spectroscopy. The quantum chemical calculations related to the azo-hydrazon tautomerism have also been included. A large number of pyridone dyes exist in hydrazone form in solid state, while in solvents there is a mixture of tautomers. In addition, the X-ray single-crystal diffraction data analysis of some commercial pyridone dyes has been discussed concluding that they all crystallize in the hydrazone form.
19

Sridhara, M. B., G. R. Srinivasa, and D. Channe Gowda. "Ammonium chloride mediated reduction of azo compounds to hydrazo compounds." Journal of Chemical Research 2004, no. 1 (January 1, 2004): 74–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3184/030823404323000873.

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20

Ali, Wisam Hassan, Buthyna Abd el-hassan Naser, and Intisar Obaid Alfatlawi. "Coupling Compounds Behavior on Types of Fungi." American International Journal of Sciences and Engineering Research 2, no. 1 (January 25, 2019): 22–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.46545/aijser.v2i1.51.

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In our past work , some coupling azo- compounds were formatted characterized , chemical identification , which appeared good evidences for production our azo-coupling compounds , while in this paper , these azo-coupling derivatives were studied against types of fungi.
21

Lan, Li Hong, Jian Hua Chen, Ping Lan, Mei Lian Liang, and Ye Chen. "Depression Performance of Azo Dyes to Sulfide Minerals." Advanced Materials Research 287-290 (July 2011): 3074–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.287-290.3074.

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Azo dyes have strong hydrophilic and good adhesion to solid surface. In this study, 23 kinds of typical azo compounds were tested as depressant of sulfide minerals. Absorption of azo compound on mineral surfaces was detected by UV. The result shows that some of them can be good depressants of single sulfide minerals. With the number of azo group increasing from 1 to 3, depression performances are improved. On the other hand, depression performances of azo dye are related to the type of group and the location of phenyls,the results of adsorption and the frontier molecular orbital energy calculation may be used to explain depression performances of azo dyes.
22

KITAMURA, Akihide, Nobukazu MIYAGAWA, and Takashi KARATSU. "Photoinduced Electron-transfer Reaction of Azo Compounds." Journal of Synthetic Organic Chemistry, Japan 55, no. 8 (1997): 678–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5059/yukigoseikyokaishi.55.678.

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23

Büyükgüngör, O., Ç. Albayrak, and M. Odabasoglu. "Spectroscopic investigation of some azo-azomethine compounds." Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations of Crystallography 61, a1 (August 23, 2005): c315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s0108767305086605.

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24

Du, Ke-Si, and Jing-Mei Huang. "Electrochemical dehydrogenation of hydrazines to azo compounds." Green Chemistry 21, no. 7 (2019): 1680–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9gc00515c.

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A strategy for the electrochemical dehydrogenation of hydrazine compounds is disclosed under ambient conditions. Its synthetic value is well demonstrated by the highly efficient synthesis of symmetric and unsymmetric azo compounds. It is an environmentally friendly transformation and the present protocol was effective on a large scale.
25

Matsui, Masaki, Yoshiyuki Iwata, Toshio Kato, and Katsuyoshi Shibata. "Reaction of aromatic azo compounds with ozone." Dyes and Pigments 9, no. 2 (January 1988): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0143-7208(88)80010-x.

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26

Wagner-Wysiecka, Ewa, Natalia Łukasik, Jan F. Biernat, and Elżbieta Luboch. "Azo group(s) in selected macrocyclic compounds." Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry 90, no. 3-4 (January 8, 2018): 189–257. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10847-017-0779-4.

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27

Orshulyak, O. O., and G. D. Levitskaya. "Voltammetric determination of zirconium using azo compounds." Journal of Analytical Chemistry 63, no. 3 (March 2008): 271–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1061934808030143.

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28

Roldo, Marta, Eugen Barbu, James F. Brown, David W. Laight, John D. Smart, and John Tsibouklis. "Azo compounds in colon-specific drug delivery." Expert Opinion on Drug Delivery 4, no. 5 (September 2007): 547–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1517/17425247.4.5.547.

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29

Rowe, F. M., and W. G. Dangerfield. "Decomposition of Azo Compounds by Mineral Acida." Journal of the Society of Dyers and Colourists 52, no. 2 (October 22, 2008): 48–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1478-4408.1936.tb01908.x.

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30

McGowan, J. C., and T. Powell. "Rates of decompositions of certain AZO compounds." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 81, no. 12 (September 2, 2010): 1061–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19620811208.

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31

Bickel, A. F., and W. A. Waters. "The decomposition of aliphatic azo-compounds. I." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 69, no. 3 (September 2, 2010): 312–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19500690310.

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32

Bickel, A. F., and W. A. Waters. "The decomposition of aliphatic azo-compounds: II." Recueil des Travaux Chimiques des Pays-Bas 69, no. 12 (September 2, 2010): 1490–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/recl.19500691204.

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33

Pricelius, S., C. Held, M. Murkovic, M. Bozic, V. Kokol, A. Cavaco-Paulo, and G. M. Guebitz. "Enzymatic reduction of azo and indigoid compounds." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology 77, no. 2 (September 22, 2007): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00253-007-1165-8.

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34

Velasco, Manuel I., Claudio O. Kinen, Rita Hoyos de Rossi, and Laura I. Rossi. "A green alternative to synthetize azo compounds." Dyes and Pigments 90, no. 3 (September 2011): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2010.12.009.

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35

Bevington, John C. "Initiation of polymerization: Azo compounds and peroxides." Makromolekulare Chemie. Macromolecular Symposia 10-11, no. 1 (October 1987): 89–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.19870100106.

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36

Yousif Al-labban, Hutham mahmood, Adil ibadi Al-luhaiby, Nuha salman salih, Widad ibrahem Yahya, and Ahmed Abdul jabbar Jaloob Aljanaby. "STUDY OF AZO COMPOUNDS DERIVED FROM P-CRESOL LIGAND: SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY." Journal of Experimental Biology and Agricultural Sciences 9, no. 3 (June 25, 2021): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.18006/2021.9(3).401.406.

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Azo compounds contain two aromatic rings separated by an azo (-N=N-) link. These are versatile molecules that have garnered a lot of interest in both basic and applied research. In this work, synthesis of some Azo dyes derivatives by coupling P-cresol with diazonium salts obtained from p-chloroaniline and p-methoxyaniline. The structure of the synthesized compound has been characterized by using techniques like UV-Vis Spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). In addition, the antimicrobial activity of these synthesized dyes compounds was examined by using the disc diffusion method against gram negative and gram positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa which have been isolated from the patients of wound infection. Further, synthesized compounds showed moderate to significant inhibitory effect at the selected concentrations against the tested microorganisms. The results of antibacterial activities demonstrated that compound p-chloroaniline had good antibacterial activity against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa at the concentration of 300 mg/ml with 8.079 mm and 6.16 mm inhibition zone, diameter respectively. This study synthesized two new compounds viz., p-chloroaniline and p-methoxyaniline, and among these two p-chloroaniline has good anti-bacterial activity against S. aureus. Therefore, this can serve as a new compound for the manufacture of ointment to treat wound infections.
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Pakeeraiah, K., Sujit Kumar Mohanty, K. Eswar, and K. Raju. "Azo benzimidazole - A biologically active scaffold." International Journal of PharmTech Research 13, no. 3 (2020): 159–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.20902/ijptr.2019.130305.

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Azo compounds are a very unique class of chemical compounds, drawing considerations in scientific research. Azo compounds are studied as class of organic colorants which have at least a conjugated chromophore azo (-N=N-) group in fusion with one or more aromatic or heterocyclic ring system. Benzimidazole derivatives are privileged intermediates for the development of molecules of pharmaceutical or biological interest. Benzimidazole derivatives have gathered wide applications in diverse therapeutic areas such as antiulcer, anticancer agents, and anthelmintic species to name just a few. Although many azo derivatives of benzimidazole nucleus has been reported in literature but only few of them have been evaluated for their biological potencies. This review focuses primarily on those derivatives which are evaluated as anticancer, antibacterial, antifungal, antitubercular, and other medicinal agents. This review may be helpful for the investigators on the basis of substitution pattern on the nucleus with an objective to assist medicinal chemists for developing an SAR on azo benzimidazoles or similar compounds.
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Akwi, Faith M., and Paul Watts. "The in situ generation and reactive quench of diazonium compounds in the synthesis of azo compounds in microreactors." Beilstein Journal of Organic Chemistry 12 (September 6, 2016): 1987–2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjoc.12.186.

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In this paper, a micro-fluidic optimized process for the continuous flow synthesis of azo compounds is presented. The continuous flow synthesis of Sudan II azo dye was used as a model reaction for the study. At found optimal azo coupling reaction temperature and pH an investigation of the optimum flow rates of the reactants for the diazotization and azo coupling reactions in Little Things Factory-MS microreactors was performed. A conversion of 98% was achieved in approximately 2.4 minutes and a small library of azo compounds was thus generated under these reaction conditions from couplers with aminated or hydroxylated aromatic systems. The scaled up synthesis of these compounds in PTFE tubing (i.d. 1.5 mm) was also investigated, where good reaction conversions ranging between 66–91% were attained.
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H�nig, Siegfried, and Michael Schmitt. "Azo bridges from azines. XV. Oxygenation of Unsaturated Cyclic Azo Compounds with peracids." Journal f�r Praktische Chemie/Chemiker-Zeitung 338, no. 1 (1996): 74–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prac.19963380113.

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40

Liakou, S., M. Kornaros, and G. Lyberatos. "Pretreatment of azo dyes using ozone." Water Science and Technology 36, no. 2-3 (July 1, 1997): 155–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1997.0508.

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Wastewaters produced in textile industrial processes contain organic dyes which are not easily amenable to biological treatment. Pretreatment with ozone is a promising method for oxidation of those dyes to more degradable compounds. The aim of this work is to assess the oxidation kinetics of a specific azo dye used in the textile industry, Orange II. Batch experiments were conducted in order to elucidate the oxidation route of the dye. Oxalate, formate and benzenesulfonate are found to be the oxidation intermediate compounds. A mathematical model which describes the dye elimination, the COD and BOD5 variation, the amount of ozone reacted and the time evolution of the intermediate compounds has been developed.
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Navirra Ayu Khudzaifah and Maria Monica Sianita Basukiwardojo. "Determination of the optimum concentration of the coupling agent in chloramphenicol analysis." World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews 15, no. 1 (July 30, 2022): 525–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2022.15.1.0719.

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The aim of this research is to determine the optimum concentration of the coupling agent used in chloramphenicol analysis, then calculate the limit of detection of that photometric reaction. Chloramphenicol is a colorless compound that is often abused in animals whose products are consumed by humans. Chloramphenicol has side effects on the human body. So, chloramphenicol must be analyzed. To facilitate the analysis process, chloramphenicol must be converted into colored compounds called azo compounds. To make azo compounds must go through the process of reduction, diazotization, and coupling. A coupling agent is an important compound that played a role in an azo compound formation and was analyzed using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. This research, used N-(-1-Naphthyl) ethylenediamine dihydrochloride (NEDA) with variations concentrations of 0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5% at 565 nm. The optimum coupling concentration that gives maximum absorbance was 0.1%. The detection limit (LOD) obtained by using the optimum coupling is 0.0498 μg/mL, the limit of quantitation (LOQ) is 0.1660 μg/mL, the sensitivity value is 0.1425, and a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.999 with a concentration range of chloramphenicol is 0,14 - 1,4 ppm.
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Et al., Khammas. "Synthesis, Cytotoxicity, Xanthine Oxidase Inhibition, Antioxidant of New Pyrazolo{3,4 d}Pyrimidine Derivatives." Baghdad Science Journal 16, no. 4(Suppl.) (December 18, 2019): 1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2019.16.4(suppl.).1003.

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Allopurinol derivative were prepared by reacting the (1-chloroacetyl)-2-Hydropyrazolo{3,4-d}pyrimidine-4-oneiwith 5- methoxy- 2-aminoibenzothiazoleiunder certain conditions to obtain new compound ( N- (2-aminoacetyl (5-methoxy) benzothiazole -2yl) (A4), Reaction of 5-(P-dimethyl amine benzene)-2-amino-1,3,4- oxadiazole in the presence of potassium carbonate anhydrous to yield new compound (N-(2- aminoacetyl-5-(P-dimethyl amine benzene )-1,3,4-oxadiazoles-2-yl)(A30) and Azo compound (N-(5-(Azo-2-hydroxy-5-amino benzene)-1,3-Diazol-2yl)Allopurinol(A46). The structure of prepared compounds were confirmed by (FT-IR) technique and their physical properties. The synthesized compounds were tested for cytotoxicity, Xanthine oxidase inhibition, and antioxidant activity.
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Karim, M. R., M. R. K. Sheikh, M. S. Islam, N. M. Salleh, and R. Yahya. "Synthesis, Crystal Structure, Mesophase Behaviour and Optical Property of Azo-ester Bridged Compounds." Journal of Scientific Research 11, no. 3 (September 1, 2019): 383–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jsr.v11i3.41578.

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Azo-ester mesogen containing two liquid crystalline compounds C1-C2 having polymerizable acrylate functional group as the terminal were designed and synthesized. The chemical structures and purity of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by different spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR, 1H NMR and 13C NMR. X-ray crystal structure showed that compound C1 exhibited more stable E configuration with two bulky groups in the opposite sides of the N=N double bond motifs. The 1, 2-diphenyldiazene fragment in the structure of C1 is essentially planar with RMS deviation from planarity of 0.0555 Å. Analysis of the crystal packing of compound C1 revealed its intriguing supramolecular sheet-like multilayer molecular packing stabilized by C-H…O interaction involving the phenyl and acryloyl hydrogen with the carbonyl oxygen and alkoxy oxygen atoms. Thermogravimetric investigation demonstrated that both of the compounds exhibited excellent thermal stability and their thermal degradation was influenced by the terminal substituent. The DSC and POM studies confirmed that compounds C1-C2 exhibited enantiotropic liquid crystalline mesophase behaviour. Optical investigations demonstrated that both of the compounds showed strong absorption band around 300-420 nm and exhibited blue fluorescence emission.
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Burcă, Ion, Valentin Badea, Calin Deleanu, and Vasile-Nicolae Bercean. "5-((8-Hydroxyquinolin-5-yl)diazenyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic Acid." Molbank 2021, no. 2 (June 16, 2021): M1238. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/m1238.

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A new azo compound was prepared via the azo coupling reaction between 4-(ethoxycarbonyl)-3-methyl-1H-pyrazole-5-diazonium chloride and 8-hydroxyquinoline (oxine). The ester functional group of the obtained compound was hydrolyzed and thus a new chemical structure with a carboxylic functional group resulted. The structures of the new compounds were fully characterized by: UV–Vis, FT-IR, 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy, and HRMS spectrometry.
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Koshti, Shivaji. "SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION AND IN-VITRO RELEASE STUDY OF MUTUAL PRODRUGS OF MESALAMINE AND SULPHONAMIDES AS AZO COMPOUNDS." Journal of Advanced Scientific Research 13, no. 01 (February 10, 2022): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.55218/jasr.202213142.

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Azo compounds studied as prodrugs of sulfacetamide and sulfathiazole were prepared by diazotization reaction in which sulfacetamide and sulfathiazole were coupled with salicylic acid. The newly synthesized azo compounds were inoculated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterium species which secrete the azoreductase enzyme causing the release of the parent compound. These results have been utilized to propose that azoreductase enzyme acts for the reduction of -N=N-. The mechanism of the reaction is discussed on the basis of release in terms of the formation of compounds like sulfacetamide/sulfathiazole and mesalamine. The use of bacteria as an enzyme producing agent, and released compounds acting as the anti-ulcer agent can find a variety of applications for colon targeting agents in the field of medicinal chemistry.
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Akram, Dana, Ismail A. Elhaty, and Shaikha S. AlNeyadi. "Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Rhodanine-Based Azo Dyes and Their Use as Spectrophotometric Chemosensor for Fe3+ Ions." Chemosensors 8, no. 1 (February 25, 2020): 16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/chemosensors8010016.

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This research includes the design and synthesis of new derivatives for rhodanine azo compounds (4a–c) containing a naphthalene ring. Physiochemical properties of the synthesized compounds were determined by their melting points, FTIR, 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, and elemental analysis spectroscopic techniques. The biological activities of the newly prepared azo rhodanine compounds were evaluated against some pathogenic bacteria using three different bacterial species including (Escherichia coli., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus) and compared with amoxicillin as a reference drug. The results showed that our compounds have moderate-to-good vital activity against the mentioned pathogenic bacteria. The selectivity and sensitivity of the newly prepared rhodanine azo compounds with transition metals Co2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, and Fe3+ were studied using UV–vis and fluorescence spectroscopy techniques. Among the synthesized azos, azo 4c showed affinity toward Fe3+ ions with an association constant of 4.63 × 108 M−1. Furthermore, this azo showed high sensitivity toward Fe3+ ions with detection limits of 5.14 µM. The molar ratio and Benesi–Hildebrand methods confirmed the formation of complexes between azo 4c and Fe3+ with 1:2 binding stoichiometry. Therefore, azo 4c showed excellent potential for developing efficient Fe3+ chemosensors.
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Srinivasa, G. R., K. Abiraj, and D. Channe Gowda. "Facile Synthesis of Azo Compounds from Aromatic Nitro Compounds using Magnesium and Triethylammonium Formate." Australian Journal of Chemistry 57, no. 6 (2004): 609. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch03143.

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Magnesium/triethylammonium formate is a convenient reagent for the reduction of aromatic nitro compounds to corresponding symmetrically substituted azo compounds. Various azo compounds containing additional reducible substituents, including halogen, nitrile, acid, phenol, ester, and methoxy functions, have been synthesized in a single step by the use of this reagent. The conversion is reasonably fast, clean, high yielding, and occurs at room temperature in methanol.
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Almashal, Faeza, Abeer Mohamed Jabar, and Adil Muala Dhumad. "Synthesis, characterization and DFT computational studies of new heterocyclic azo compounds." European Journal of Chemistry 9, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 84–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5155/eurjchem.9.2.84-88.1683.

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New heterocyclic azo compounds were prepared by coupling the diazonium salts with N-(4-methylphenyl)maleimide with various different sulfa compounds. The structure of heterocyclic azo compounds was determined by MS, FT-IR and 1H NMR techniques. The density function theory calculation at the B3LYP method with 6-311G(d,p) basis set is used to investigate the electronic structures of the prepared heterocyclic azo compounds. Mulliken charge distributions and HOMO-LUMO energies of the mentioned compounds have been also computed by same method and basis set.
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Jawad, Shatha Abd Alameer, and Ibtihal Kadhim Kareem. "Synthesis, Characterization of New Azo-Schiff Ligand Type N2O2 and Metal Complexes with Di Valance Nickel, Palladium and Tetra Valance Platinum." NeuroQuantology 20, no. 1 (February 4, 2022): 62–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/nq.2022.20.1.nq22009.

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The new Azo-Schiff ligand type N2O2 have been prepared through two steps. The first one Included the reaction between one equivalent of 2,3- di methyl aniline and one equivalent of salcildihyde to make azo compound and second step include the reaction of azo compound with tri ethylene tetra amine in order to make the new Azo-Schiff ligand. The ion metals of Ni+2, Pd+2 and Pt+4 with the new azo-Schiff ligand Complexes were prepared with mole ratio (1:1) (M:L) the prepared compounds were characterized by FT-IR, UV-Vis, while Mass, 13C-NMR, 1HNMR spectra were taken for the new ligand, Elemental analysis, as well as the molar conductivity and magnetic successptibility for all prepared complexes. These measurements showed that complexes of Nickel and Platenium have octahedral shape. And Square planer for Palladium complex.
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Hiba Ibrahim Abdulla AL-Joubory and Khalid Mohamad Motny Al-janaby. "Synthesis, Characterization and Biological Activity Study of New Compounds Tetrazole Derivatives Azo-Schiff Base." journal of the college of basic education 25, no. 103 (June 23, 2019): 68–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.35950/cbej.v25i103.4547.

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This work included synthesis of azo dye (H1) by the reaction of diazonium salt to sulfacetamide with 4-hydroxy benzaldehyde at (0-5) oC and synthesis of schiff base (H2-H6) through reaction substituted aromatic amine (aniline, 4-nitro aniline, 4-chloro aniline, 4-amino benzoic acid and phenyl hydrazine) with aldehyde group in azo compound (H1) in ethanol compounds (H2-H6) and tetrazole derivatives prepared by reaction schiff base with sodium azide in ethanol compounds (H7-H11) and characterization by using spectroscopic techniques Uv/Vis, FT-IR, C.H.N. and H1-NMR of some the prepared compounds using DMSO-d6 a solvent, in addition melting point and determination a purity of TLC, and this work consists a study of biological activity for the some prepared compounds against four types of pathogenic bacteria and know to be resistant to anti biotic.

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