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Статті в журналах з теми "Behavioural change models":
1
Adewoyin, Oluwande, Janet Wesson, and Dieter Vogts. "The PBC Model: Supporting Positive Behaviours in Smart Environments." Sensors 22, no. 24 (December 8, 2022): 9626. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22249626.
Анотація:
Several behavioural problems exist in office environments, including resource use, sedentary behaviour, cognitive/multitasking, and social media. These behavioural problems have been solved through subjective or objective techniques. Within objective techniques, behavioural modelling in smart environments (SEs) can allow the adequate provision of services to users of SEs with inputs from user modelling. The effectiveness of current behavioural models relative to user-specific preferences is unclear. This study introduces a new approach to behavioural modelling in smart environments by illustrating how human behaviours can be effectively modelled from user models in SEs. To achieve this aim, a new behavioural model, the Positive Behaviour Change (PBC) Model, was developed and evaluated based on the guidelines from the Design Science Research Methodology. The PBC Model emphasises the importance of using user-specific information within the user model for behavioural modelling. The PBC model comprised the SE, the user model, the behaviour model, classification, and intervention components. The model was evaluated using a naturalistic-summative evaluation through experimentation using office workers. The study contributed to the knowledge base of behavioural modelling by providing a new dimension to behavioural modelling by incorporating the user model. The results from the experiment revealed that behavioural patterns could be extracted from user models, behaviours can be classified and quantified, and changes can be detected in behaviours, which will aid the proper identification of the intervention to provide for users with or without behavioural problems in smart environments.
2
Arnot, Megan, Eva Brandl, O. L. K. Campbell, Yuan Chen, Juan Du, Mark Dyble, Emily H. Emmott, et al. "How evolutionary behavioural sciences can help us understand behaviour in a pandemic." Evolution, Medicine, and Public Health 2020, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 264–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/emph/eoaa038.
Анотація:
Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has brought science into the public eye and to the attention of governments more than ever before. Much of this attention is on work in epidemiology, virology and public health, with most behavioural advice in public health focusing squarely on ‘proximate’ determinants of behaviour. While epidemiological models are powerful tools to predict the spread of disease when human behaviour is stable, most do not incorporate behavioural change. The evolutionary basis of our preferences and the cultural evolutionary dynamics of our beliefs drive behavioural change, so understanding these evolutionary processes can help inform individual and government decision-making in the face of a pandemic. Lay summary: The COVID-19 pandemic has brought behavioural sciences into the public eye: Without vaccinations, stopping the spread of the virus must rely on behaviour change by limiting contact between people. On the face of it, “stop seeing people” sounds simple. In practice, this is hard. Here we outline how an evolutionary perspective on behaviour change can provide additional insights. Evolutionary theory postulates that our psychology and behaviour did not evolve to maximize our health or that of others. Instead, individuals are expected to act to maximise their inclusive fitness (i.e, spreading our genes) – which can lead to a conflict between behaviours that are in the best interests for the individual, and behaviours that stop the spread of the virus. By examining the ultimate explanations of behaviour related to pandemic-management (such as behavioural compliance and social distancing), we conclude that “good of the group” arguments and “one size fits all” policies are unlikely to encourage behaviour change over the long-term. Sustained behaviour change to keep pandemics at bay is much more likely to emerge from environmental change, so governments and policy makers may need to facilitate significant social change – such as improving life experiences for disadvantaged groups.
3
Rosellini, Amy. "Effective Knowledge Transfer and Behavioural Change in a Training Environment." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 18, no. 04 (December 2019): 1950049. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649219500497.
Анотація:
Current models of knowledge transfer are insufficient in defining the factors that address the impact of knowledge transfer at different cycles of the process where a firm employs traditional training programs. The purpose of this study is to examine the models that identify relationships between effective knowledge transfer and behavioural change in the training environment. The study of these models is concerned with how training affects knowledge transfer, how knowledge transfer impacts behaviour change and how behaviour change affects overall job performance. This concept paper examines existing KM models such as SECI model, complexity theory, an entrepreneurship model and knowledge-to-action with the aim of developing an enhanced version of knowledge transfer measurement model (KTMM) that requires further testing.
4
Leis, Jeffrey M. "Perspectives on Larval Behaviour in Biophysical Modelling of Larval Dispersal in Marine, Demersal Fishes." Oceans 2, no. 1 (December 22, 2020): 1–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/oceans2010001.
Анотація:
Biophysical dispersal models for marine fish larvae are widely used by marine ecologists and managers of fisheries and marine protected areas to predict movement of larval fishes during their pelagic larval duration (PLD). Over the past 25 years, it has become obvious that behaviour—primarily vertical positioning, horizontal swimming and orientation—of larvae during their PLD can strongly influence dispersal outcomes. Yet, most published models do not include even one of these behaviours, and only a tiny fraction include all three. Furthermore, there is no clarity on how behaviours should be incorporated into models, nor on how to obtain the quantitative, empirical data needed to parameterize models. The PLD is a period of morphological, physiological and behavioural change, which presents challenges for modelling. The present paper aims to encourage the inclusion of larval behaviour in biophysical dispersal models for larvae of marine demersal fishes by providing practical suggestions, advice and insights about obtaining and incorporating behaviour of larval fishes into such models based on experience. Key issues are features of different behavioural metrics, incorporation of ontogenetic, temporal, spatial and among-individual variation, and model validation. Research on behaviour of larvae of study species should be part of any modelling effort.
5
Verelst, Frederik, Lander Willem, and Philippe Beutels. "Behavioural change models for infectious disease transmission: a systematic review (2010–2015)." Journal of The Royal Society Interface 13, no. 125 (December 2016): 20160820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2016.0820.
Анотація:
We review behavioural change models (BCMs) for infectious disease transmission in humans. Following the Cochrane collaboration guidelines and the PRISMA statement, our systematic search and selection yielded 178 papers covering the period 2010–2015. We observe an increasing trend in published BCMs, frequently coupled to (re)emergence events, and propose a categorization by distinguishing how information translates into preventive actions. Behaviour is usually captured by introducing information as a dynamic parameter (76/178) or by introducing an economic objective function, either with (26/178) or without (37/178) imitation. Approaches using information thresholds (29/178) and exogenous behaviour formation (16/178) are also popular. We further classify according to disease, prevention measure, transmission model (with 81/178 population, 6/178 metapopulation and 91/178 individual-level models) and the way prevention impacts transmission. We highlight the minority (15%) of studies that use any real-life data for parametrization or validation and note that BCMs increasingly use social media data and generally incorporate multiple sources of information (16/178), multiple types of information (17/178) or both (9/178). We conclude that individual-level models are increasingly used and useful to model behaviour changes. Despite recent advancements, we remain concerned that most models are purely theoretical and lack representative data and a validation process.
6
Panchal, Sasikala, and Patricia Riddell. "The GROWS model: Extending the GROW coaching model to support behavioural change." Coaching Psychologist 16, no. 2 (December 2020): 12–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpstcp.2020.16.2.12.
Анотація:
Coaching models like the popular GROW model provide processes designed to increase the likelihood of change (Whitmore, 2009). Despite the use of such models, changing behaviour can still be difficult. One possible explanation for this is that important aspects of behavioural change are not captured by the GROW model. There has been substantial research into behavioural change in the domain of health initiatives, and this has given rise to Health Action Process Approach (HAPA) (Schwarzer, 2008). This model considers two phases of behavioural change; initiation (in which change is planned) and action (in which new actions are put in place). It is in this second phase that the HAPA model provides new processes that might benefit coaching for behavioural change. The authors adapted key components of the HAPA, in order to incorporate these into the GROW model. They tested this new model on four coaching clients to determine whether this model supports coachees to initiate and maintain behavioural change, and develop recovery strategies when obstacles are encountered. Results suggest that clients found the GROWS model more effective since proactive elicitation of strategies to overcome potential obstacles and recovery from setbacks led to more successful initiation and completion of goals. All levels of self-efficacy tested contributed to this result. The authors share a selection of the HAPA-based coaching questions that can be used to implement this new approach. It is hoped that coaches can use these to support their coachees to develop more sustainable behavioural change.
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Santos, S. V., J. V. L. Moura, S. A. Z. Lescano, J. M. Castro, M. C. S. A. Ribeiro, and P. P. Chieffi. "Behavioural changes and muscle strength inRattus norvegicusexperimentally infected withToxocara catiandT. canis." Journal of Helminthology 89, no. 4 (April 11, 2014): 465–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x14000303.
Анотація:
AbstractToxocara canisandToxocara catiare nematode parasites in dogs and cats, respectively, transmitted by ingestion of embryonated eggs, transmammary and transplacental (T. canis) routes and paratenic host predation. Many parasites use mechanisms that change the behaviour of their hosts to ensure continued transmission. Several researchers have demonstrated behavioural changes in mouse models as paratenic hosts forT. canis. However, there have been no studies on behavioural changes in laboratory rats (Rattus norvegicus)experimentally infected withT. cati. This study investigated behavioural changes and muscle strength in male and female rats experimentally infected withT. catiorT. canisin acute and chronic phases of infection. Regardless of sex, rats infected withT. catishowed a greater decrease in muscle strength 42 days post infection compared to rats infected withT. canis. However, behavioural changes were only observed in female rats infected withT. canis.
8
Turner, Simon P., Kirstin McIlvaney, Jo Donbavand, and Matt J. Turner. "The Effect of Behavioural Indicators of Calf Discomfort Following Routine Procedures on Cow Maternal Care." Animals 10, no. 1 (January 6, 2020): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani10010087.
Анотація:
Pain causes altered arousal and specific behaviours that are rare at other times (pain indicators). We examined whether beef cows (mean age 6 years) are sensitive to pain indicators in addition to arousal following ear tagging and rubber ring castration (males only, n = 31) of their calf (n = 58). Behavioural pain indicators and activity were recorded continuously for 20 min before and 2 h after handling. The 30 min period posthandling captured the peak of behavioural change during this window. Cow maternal and maintenance behaviours were recorded for 20 min before and for 30 min after calf handling. Principal component (PC) analysis identified two dimensions (48% of the variance) in calf behaviour. Arousal and two active pain indicators loaded onto PC1 were shown by linear mixed models to positively affect some maternal behaviours. Lethargy, passive pain indicators and further active pain indicators loaded onto PC2 did not affect cow behaviour. Castration did not result in male calves receiving more maternal attention. Cows alter maternal behaviour in response to calf activity but not behaviours previously shown to indicate pain. Maternal care peaks soon after calving, but recent calving stress or the subtlety of neonatal behavioural expression may constrain cows in responding to the individual behavioural expression of their calf. Future studies exploring empathy should be aware of the constraints on behavioural expression associated with the neonatal and periparturient period.
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Bro-Jørgensen, Jakob, Daniel W. Franks, and Kristine Meise. "Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, no. 1781 (July 29, 2019): 20190008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0008.
Анотація:
The impact of environmental change on the reproduction and survival of wildlife is often behaviourally mediated, placing behavioural ecology in a central position to quantify population- and community-level consequences of anthropogenic threats to biodiversity. This theme issue demonstrates how recent conceptual and methodological advances in the discipline are applied to inform conservation. The issue highlights how the focus in behavioural ecology on understanding variation in behaviour between individuals, rather than just measuring the population mean, is critical to explaining demographic stochasticity and thereby reducing fuzziness of population models. The contributions also show the importance of knowing the mechanisms by which behaviour is achieved, i.e. the role of learning, reasoning and instincts, in order to understand how behaviours change in human-modified environments, where their function is less likely to be adaptive. More recent work has thus abandoned the ‘adaptationist’ paradigm of early behavioural ecology and increasingly measures evolutionary processes directly by quantifying selection gradients and phenotypic plasticity. To support quantitative predictions at the population and community levels, a rich arsenal of modelling techniques has developed, and interdisciplinary approaches show promising prospects for predicting the effectiveness of alternative management options, with the social sciences, movement ecology and epidemiology particularly pertinent. The theme issue furthermore explores the relevance of behaviour for global threat assessment, and practical advice is given as to how behavioural ecologists can augment their conservation impact by carefully selecting and promoting their study systems, and increasing their engagement with local communities, natural resource managers and policy-makers. Its aim to uncover the nuts and bolts of how natural systems work positions behavioural ecology squarely in the heart of conservation biology, where its perspective offers an all-important complement to more descriptive ‘big-picture’ approaches to priority setting. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Linking behaviour to dynamics of populations and communities: application of novel approaches in behavioural ecology to conservation’.
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Greer, Ben, Matteo Cella, and Til Wykes. "M107. EXPLORING REAL-TIME VARIABILITY IN PSYCHOLOGICAL, PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGICAL, AND BEHAVIOURAL RISK FACTORS FOR AGGRESSION: A NOVEL APPROACH COMBINING ACTIVE AND PASSIVE REMOTE MONITORING." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S176. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.419.
Анотація:
Abstract Background Most service users diagnosed with a schizophrenia-spectrum disorder are not aggressive, but this behaviour does occur in inpatient mental health services worldwide. Aggression is difficult to predict and is influenced by a combination of changeable psychological, psychophysiological, and behavioural factors. Current assessment methods are limited to observable behaviours, conducted relatively infrequently, and demonstrate poor predictive accuracy. Advances in active (experience sampling methodology) and passive (wearable psychophysiological sensors) remote monitoring enable monitoring of psychological, psychophysiological, and behavioural parameters in real-time. Monitoring real-time variability in these parameters could identify concerning changes earlier than is currently possible and enable support to be provided sooner. This study aimed to examine real-time variability psychological, psychophysiological, and behavioural factors among an inpatient sample, and relationship with behavioural incidents. Methods Service users (N=40) with a diagnosis of schizophrenia-spectrum disorder and/or antisocial personality disorder were recruited from a medium-secure inpatient forensic mental health service in the UK. Participants completed a blended active and passive remote monitoring study for seven consecutive days. Participants rated 20 psychological and behavioural items at random periods seven times per day, while wearing a passive remote monitoring device which simultaneously collected measurements of electrodermal activity, heart rate variability, and physical activity. Behavioural incidents occurring during the study were recorded from staff-completed behaviour rating scales, and participants’ electronic hospital records. Multi-level models were constructed to examine the role of psychophysiological, psychological, and behavioural factors in predicting behavioural incidents, controlling for covariates such as physical movement and medication. Results The findings demonstrate the within- and between-participant variability in psychological, psychophysiological, and behavioural parameters occurring in real-time, with high ecological validity. Multi-level modelling enabled the predictive ability of these changes in relation to behavioural incidents to be examined, in addition to the timeframe over which this predictive relationship exists. Discussion To our knowledge this is the first study to examine real-time change in psychological, psychophysiological, and behavioural parameters in relation to behavioural incidents. This blended active and passive remote monitoring approach can offer a temporally precise method of assessing change in these parameters, which participants regarded as acceptable. This novel method could assist in identifying concerning change in these parameters earlier and delivering timely support for service users experiencing difficulties, which could be explored in future research.
Дисертації з теми "Behavioural change models":
1
Weidlich, Matthias, Jan Mendling, and Mathias Weske. "Propagating Changes between Aligned Process Models." Elsevier, 2012. http://epub.wu.ac.at/3497/1/JSS12%2Dchange.pdf.
Анотація:
There is a wide variety of drivers for business process modelling initiatives, reaching from organisational redesign to the development of information systems. Consequently, a common business process is often captured in multiple models that overlap in content due to serving different purposes. Business process management aims at exible adaptation to changing business needs. Hence, changes of business processes occur frequently and have to be incorporated in the respective process models. Once a process model is changed, related process models have to be updated accordingly, despite the fact that those process models may only be loosely coupled. In this article, we introduce an approach that supports change propagation between related process models. Given a change in one process model, we leverage the behavioural
abstraction of behavioural profiles for corresponding activities in order to determine a change region in another model. Our approach is able to cope with changes in pairs of models that are not related by hierarchical refinement and show behavioural inconsistencies. We evaluate the applicability of our approach with two real-world process model collections. To this end, we either deduce change operations from different model revisions or rely on synthetic change operations.
2
Wiener, Karl Kilian Konrad, and n/a. "DYNAMIC CHANGE PROCESS: HOW DO COGNITIVE READINESS DRIVERS INFORM CHANGE AGENTS ON EMPLOYEE BEHAVIOURAL CHANGE INTENTION." University of Canberra. n/a, 2008. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20081217.120215.
Анотація:
It is well accepted by now that most change initiatives are unsuccessful even though more
organisations are experiencing change as they fight to retain and improve their
competitiveness in the market place. It is against this background of change failure that
researchers have looked for new strategies to improve change outcomes. Theoretical
models conceptualising the dynamic change process advise on better change strategies, but
little empirical evidence has demonstrated that these models are effective in improving
change implementation outcomes. Theoretical models were also developed to counter
change resistance, but little emphasis has been placed on employee change readiness.
Some empirical research on employee change readiness explores employees? perception of
organisational readiness, but no empirical research has explored employee readiness from a
psychological perspective. That is, how to create change readiness in employees.
This thesis has contributed to both the theoretical and empirical understanding of the
change readiness model. Firstly, the theoretical readiness for change model Armenakis et
al.?s (1993, 2002) was extended by the inclusion of the ?understanding of the change?
driver. Secondly, this change readiness model was empirically tested on two distinct
organisational changes: organisational restructure and IT change. The extended model is
also examined for two change stages of the dynamic process to identify which readiness
drivers should be prioritised by change agents.
Two online questionnaires were administered eight months apart assessing the responses to
three change stages (planning, implementation and post-implementation) of employees ?
supervisors and subordinates - of a flat structured organisation in the human resource
industry. At the two measurement points 189 and 141 employees returned completed
surveys. Six employee readiness drivers were operationalised and regressed against
behavioural change intention.
The quantitative findings using regression models across two change types and
longitudinally did not identify a specific change pattern. However, all six readiness drivers
including the ?understanding of the change? driver were influential on employees?
behavioural change intention. Furthermore, statistical differences between supervisors and
subordinates were identified in the organisational restructure change.
The quantitative findings using a triangulation approach with qualitative date including
data from two unstructured interviews and employee comments further validated the
quantitative findings. The thematic analysis of the employee comments enhanced the
findings and identified employee specific concerns including information dissemination of
the changes and a level of uncertainty.
The findings supported Armenakis et al.?s (1993, 2002) theoretical contribution that
change readiness drivers are an important part of the organisational change process
explaining why employee do and do not change. The empirical application of readiness
change driver evaluation during the dynamic change is supported as it permits change
agents to directly monitor employees? readiness perception of a specific change target.
This valuable information finds practical utilisation for change agents in providing targeted
guidance and support for employees thus facilitating a greater likelihood of a positive
change outcome.
Implications of these findings and future research opportunities are discussed.
3
Guastella, Adam, and n/a. "Trauma Writing Tasks: An Examination of the Process of Change Indicated by Cognitive-Behavioural Models of Trauma." Griffith University. School of Applied Psychology, 2004. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20040526.130108.
Анотація:
Past research indicates a causal relationship between emotional writing and health benefits (Smyth, 1998). At present, little is known about the mechanisms underlying change or if the emotional writing paradigm may be applied to a clinical setting. This present study reviewed current models of trauma and hypothesised three mechanisms of change leading to future health benefits: exposure, devaluation, and benefit-finding. Instructions for the standard writing paradigm were manipulated to isolate and increase engagement with each of these processes. It was hypothesised that if any one of these processes were to underlie health benefits, participants assigned to that condition would obtain more benefit than standard writing participants. Individual differences were also hypothesised to interact with each process to amplify or detract from their influence in leading to future benefit. A total of 201 university students were recruited from Griffith University. Participants were assigned to one of five writing conditions: Control, Standard, Exposure, Devaluation, and Benefit-Finding. Sessions were conducted once a week for three weeks. Physiological and self-report measures were taken before, during and after writing sessions. Follow-up assessments of psychological and physical health were taken at 2 and 6-months post-writing. Essay content analysis suggested that participants wrote in the instructed manner. Participants assigned to each of the groups experienced expected amounts of distress and affect changes. Overall, results failed to replicate the beneficial health effects for the standard emotional writing paradigm. There were no significant physical or psychological benefits for the standard trauma-writing participants in comparison to control. However, a trend in the appropriate direction was noted for illness visits at 6-months. Furthermore, in support of Greenberg and Stone's (1992) findings, standard writing participants who disclosed more severe and personal experiences evidenced significant illness visit reductions in comparison to control. Comparisons between standard and experimental trauma writing groups failed to support hypotheses that any one mechanism was responsible for physical health benefits. Examination of psychological self-report measures indicated exposure participants experienced the greatest reduction on the Impact of Events Scale at two months. However, these participants experienced greater reduction of positive affect and growth for the experience. They also became more anxious, depressed, and stressed at six-months follow-up. Process variables were examined within the exposure condition to explain these findings. Habituation was found to be strongly associated with the alternate outcomes. Individual differences. Including alexithymia, absorption, and negative affect, were also related to outcome. Benefit-finding participants experienced the greatest increase on a measure of post-traumatic growth at two-months and positive affect for the experience, but the finding was significant only in comparison to exposure and devaluation groups. The results of this study failed to identify the process of change, but suggest specific areas for future research. The findings demonstrate the importance of comprehensive health research to avoid blanket statements that suggest a paradigm either does or does not lead to health benefits. The results also support the manipulation of the writing paradigm to examine the role of emotion processing in trauma and health research.
4
Hanratty, Marcus. "Design for Sustainable Behaviour : a conceptual model and intervention selection model for changing behaviour through design." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/19548.
Анотація:
This thesis is based in the research area of Design for Sustainable Behaviour (DfSB), a field which seeks to reduce the social and environmental impact of products in the use phase of their life cycle. There has been significant theoretical development in this area in recent years, leading to a proliferation of intervention strategies and design methodologies. However, there has been a recognised lack of a reliable means of selecting which intervention strategy to use in a given situation, and a lack of real world intervention case studies generating measurable medium-to-long term reductions in energy consumption. Addressing these gaps was a central focus of this research. This thesis documents four distinct research phases; an extensive literature review, an in-depth user study of existing energy consuming behaviours and motivations, the development and trialling of design interventions, and the evaluation of the generated theories as a tool for designers. Literature on domestic energy consumption, human behaviour, and approaches to changing behaviour was reviewed to establish the current level of thinking and to identify opportunities for further research. This guided the undertaking of the user study with a number of families in the East Midlands of the UK, which illuminated the relevant motivational goals, and highly routinized nature, displayed in many energy consuming behaviours. Over the course of this phase of the research journey a new conceptual model of behaviour in context was developed, and refined to create the Behavioural Intervention Selection Axis (BISA). These theoretical developments were then applied to the generation of DfSB intervention concepts, one of which was selected and developed to a functional prototype stage. These prototypes were trialled in situ in family homes for an extended period, and achieved a significant change in behaviour and related energy consumption. Further evaluation of the BISA as a tool to guide designers was performed through a series of workshops with design students, which ascertained its usefulness in this respect. Both the intervention development and trialling and the design workshops showed the conceptual model and BISA to be successful in providing designers with a reliable and useful means of selecting appropriate intervention strategies to change behaviour. In addition the intervention trial provided a wealth of qualitative insight into the way in which DfSB can effect behaviour, and the range of new motivational goals it can engender.
5
Hanell, Jenny. "Att designa för beteendeförändring / Designing for behavioural change." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23047.
Анотація:
Jag har utforskat hur en beteendeförändring kan genomföras med hjälp av existerande teoretiska modeller och centrala metoder inom interaktionsdesign och tjänstedesign. För att specificera mig har jag samarbetat med banken SEB och inriktat mig på kvinnors ekonomiska beteende och hur man kan få dem att öka sitt intresse för det privata sparandet. Den litteratur som jag har granskat berör till största del kvinnors ekonomiska beteende och hur en förändringsprocess av ett beteende kan gå till. Mina egna empiriska undersökningar har varierat mellan olika typer av intervjuer och observationer där jag främst har granskat vad kvinnor finner motiverande, både ur ett generellt och ett ekonomiskt perspektiv. Genom en designprocess har mitt arbete resulterat i ett koncept på en banktjänst som innefattar de beståndsdelar som en sådan, enligt min undersökning, bör ha för att få kvinnor att bli motiverade till att spara pengar. Konceptet bygger på att återspegla sparmål i form av personliga visualiseringar i en online miljö.
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Middlemass, Jo. "Behavioural change in the primary prevention of Coronary Heart Disease (CHD) : evaluating the transtheoretical/stages of change behavioural model : a mixed methods study." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.601802.
Анотація:
Introduction In primary care, clinicians are engaged in trying to help patients change their behaviour in order to prevent heart disease. The risk of heart disease is increased by lack of exercise; smoking and eating a high fat diet, all of which are modifiable lifestyle behaviours. The aim of the thesis is to explore the potential for the use of the Transtheoretical Stages of Change CTIM/SOC) model in primary care and consider how the findings can be utilised by clinicians helping patients to change unhealthy behaviour. Method There are three parts to this study; the first is a structured review which examines studies using the TIM/SOC behavioural model in primary care, both when the intervention is tailored to the stage of change and/or when it is used as an outcome/predictor measure. The second part examines the secondary data from a cardiovascular disease study ('Realising the potential of the family history in risk assessment and primary prevention of coronary heart disease in primary care' - ADDFAM) which used the TIM/SOC model, to see what change predictors could be found. The third part comprises a qualitative study using semi-structured interviews to identify the facilitators and barriers of behaviour change as experienced by individuals attempting to change their unhealthy behaviour to see if these could be explained in terms of the TIM/SOC model. Results • There appears to be validity in the basic premise of moving through the stages of change which spanned the three distinct sources of evidence. However, in the interview data, no-one spoke in terms of a timeframe except for a social occasion or in terms of life priorities, which throws some doubt on the time-scales imposed on change process in the TIM/SOC model. • There is mixed evidence for the TIM/SOC model either as an intervention, or an outcome/predictor measure, in particular, there is some doubt that movement through the stages of changes equates to actual behavioural change. • There was evidence to suggest that the TIM/SOC constructs are used in the process of change. However, there were identified differences to the processes as outlined in the model, in particular the helping relationships construct was found to be in use throughout the change process, rather than as the TIM/SOC suggests between the action and maintenance stage. Specific constructs for sustaining behavioural changes are not covered under the TIM/SOC model and their inclusion may be helpful for the maintenance stage of the behaviour change. Additional constructs that may be useful to consider in the model include denial/fatalism; psychological aspects and demographic data. XlI Conclusions By triangulating the structured review with the ADDFAM study database results and findings from the qualitative interviews, this study has highlighted both positive and negative aspects of the TIMjSOC model for use in primary care. Suggestions are made for changes to the model that could be evaluated in future research and these include: comparing the TIMjSOC model against the PAPM (a non-timeframe model); inclusions of additional constructs for denial/fatalism; demographic details and psychological factors. The helping relationships construct should be expanded for use across all stages of change and specific new constructs evaluated for sustaining the change. In addition the similarities and differences between the constructs of self-efficacy and control should be explored and evaluated. The findings identified in the thesis have highlighted some areas that clinicians can focus on in primary care to help patients to change their unhealthy behaviours. Xlll
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Chan, Ho-yeung Brandford. "The transtheoretical model of behavioural change and general health promotion action in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25205328.
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Ting, Pei-Ju Lucy. "The Transtheoretical Model, Stages of Change and Decisional Balance as Predictors of Behavioural Change in Internet Privacy and Security." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603434.
Анотація:
Reports of Internet fraud and Internet threats have lost their element of surprise. However, various sources, such as governmental surveys, have indicated that the percentage of Internet users who regularly practice appropriate e-precaution methods is still low (e. g., Schultz 2005). Meanwhile, studies continue to show that fear of Internet fraud remains one of the major obstacles to the even wider spread of e-commerce (e. g., Niite and Parsa 2005). This thesis therefore investigates the decision making processes in adopting e-precaution methods, and studies the effects that marketing can have in accelerating these processes. The research design is based broadly on two theoretical constructs: social marketing and the Transthoeretical Model (TTM). Social marketing involves the application of commercial marketing concepts and techniques, in order to solve social problems; advertising is probably the most commonly used tool by social marketers to influence the public. The TTM model theorises the procedure of decision making and it is used to analysis consumer behaviour in social marketing. The TTM constructs, including the Stages of Change (SOC) and the Decisional Balance Scale items (DBS), are scrutinised for their applicability to the adoption of e-precaution methods. In addition, the effectiveness of two advertising tactics, fear appeal and message framing, are examined based on these constructs. Two e-precaution methods are assessed, checking for https and using antivirus software; respectively, 781 and 930 respondents were acquired through an Internet questionnaire data collection process. The web-based questionnaires and social marketing interventions were informed by earlier qualitative investigations. Messages designed to test the advertising tactics were the interventions shown to the respondents. Scales, including SOC, DBS and other TTM variables, were measured with multiple choices questions. Confirmatory factor analysis, ordinal logit regression, multinomial logit regression and odds ratio analysis were deployed to test the research data.
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Chan, Ho-yeung Brandford, and 陳浩洋. "The transtheoretical model of behavioural change and general health promotion action in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31242868.
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Wu, Ning. "Artificial intelligence solutions for models of dynamic land use change." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.610781.
Книги з теми "Behavioural change models":
1
Asiimwe, Delius. A review of behavioural change models in the context of HIV/AIDS in Uganda. [Kampala?: s.n., 2002.
2
Gebhardt, W. A. Health behaviour goal model: Towards a theoretical framework for health behaviour change. [Leiden: Department of Clinical and Health Psychology, Leiden University], 1997.
3
Rajan, Anuradha, and M. A. Rakib. We can: A model of behavioural change concerning violence against women : Bangladesh report. Dhaka: Amrai Pari Paribarik Nirjaton Protirodh Jot, 2013.
4
Clarke, Patricia. Exercise behaviour change in a GP referred sample and a 'Typical' sample: Application of the transtheoretical model and multidimensional scaling techniques. Birmingham: University of Birmingham, 1996.
5
Soetjahja, I. The planning, implementation, and evaluation of health education activities: A combined administrative and behavioural model with an active behavioural change inducement approach in the primary health care context for health promotion and development in rural and urban areas. 2nd ed. Manila: Library of the World Health Organization, Western Pacific Regional Office, 1989.
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Barbera, Filippo, Roberto Paladini, and Marco Vedovato. Venice Original E-commerce dell’artigianato artistico e tradizionale veneziano. Venice: Fondazione Università Ca’ Foscari, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.30687/978-88-6969-615-2.
Анотація:
In the last few years, many researchers have highlighted the economic and cultural impact that crafts have on the development of territories, enhancing local identities and traditions. Various researches also point to the close relationship between trade (sometimes called ‘neighbourhood’ trade), crafts and historic centres, in terms of quality of life, and socio-economic and identity development of territories, showing their new centrality to processes of urban development and regeneration and the formation of social capital. It is evident how enterprise contributes to local development through social interactions based on negotiated and open collaborations between microenterprises, community and network. It was well argued how small business (commerce, crafts and neighbourhood stores) has always played an important role as a social garrison in sparsely populated areas, allowing cities and particularly urban centres to become more lively or livable, being able to give or take away quality from the city and the territory, attributing peculiarity, security and specificity to places or trivialising them in a homogenised landscape. Among the services of social utility recognised to the artisan workshop are: the guarantee of services useful to the livability of the place, the garrisoning of territories and the development of social relations, the promotion of local identity and its know-how, and the creation of employment opportunities through modest initial availability of capital. At the same time, the worsening recessionary dynamics that have occurred in the global economy over the past two decades and the disruptive digital transition have exposed such enterprises to increasing difficulties, disruptively accentuating the decline in competitiveness and propensity to innovate of a large proportion of craft SMEs, of which the socioeconomic literature does not see significant adaptations to the changed environment, such as reconfiguring the business model, adopting a totally new strategic plan adapting to the digital transition, generational transition, and adopting innovative organisational or system behaviours. This volume presents the Venice Original E-Commerce case – a project carried out by the Venice Metropolitan CNA thanks to the support of J.P. Morgan, the support of the Venice Rovigo Chamber of Commerce and the sponsorship of the City of Venice and Ca’ Foscari University of Venice – as a reference project intervention to focus on a possible model of intervention to support culturally-valued artisan micro-enterprises, intervening on the process of strategic renewal and the conditions to foster generational turnover, understood as an opportunity to fill the gap on the digitisation of the artisan sector.
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Chan, Emily Ying Yang. Health promotion planning approaches, human behavioural change models, and health promotion theories. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198807179.003.0003.
Анотація:
Based on the conceptual building blocks introduced in the previous chapter, this chapter further sketches theoretical approaches and models that can be employed to guide rural health and disaster preparedness education programmes, namely the MAP-IT approach, precede–proceed model, P-Process, Health Belief Model, Transtheoretical (Stages of Change) Model, Theory of Planned Behaviour, Social Cognitive Theory, and complex interventions. These theories and models are intended to conceptualize human thought and behaviour and systematically explain the reasons behind actions such that they can be utilized to set the objectives and content of health intervention projects. Health literacy will also be discussed, with relevant examples for illustrative purposes.
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Brennan, Linda, Lukas Parker, Wayne Binney, Torgeir Watne, and Dang Nguyen. Social Marketing and Behaviour Change: Models, Theory and Applications. Elgar Publishing Limited, Edward, 2014.
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Brennan, Linda, Lukas Parker, Wayne Binney, Dang Nguyen, and Torgeir Aleti. Social Marketing and Behaviour Change: Models, Theory and Applications. Elgar Publishing Limited, Edward, 2016.
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Watne, T. A., Linda Brennan, Lukas Parker, Wayne Binney, and Dang Nguyen. Social Marketing and Behaviour Change: Models, Theory and Applications. Elgar Publishing Limited, Edward, 2014.
Частини книг з теми "Behavioural change models":
1
Jonker, Jan, and Niels Faber. "Epilogue." In Organizing for Sustainability, 187–94. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78157-6_15.
Анотація:
AbstractWe live in a time of social transition. Everywhere in society, cracks are appearing. The only answer to these developments is to organize in radically different ways, saying goodbye to the present linear economy. That is what transition is all about. The search for new forms of value creation and the triple transition necessitates different business models. In turn this implies behavioural change, which may be the biggest challenge and greatest barrier to achieving a transition to a sustainable, circular, and inclusive economy. This book deliberately does not address the issue of change and transition. That would require yet another book. But to finish off we provide an overview of the obstacles and challenges of creating fundamental change. We say goodbye by providing you with the six elements of a successful business model. The key message of this last chapter is that mainstreaming sustainable business models is by no means a given, but over time will become the new normal.
2
ten Have, Wouter, Cornell Vernooij, and Judith Stuijt. "Model and methodology." In Organizational Behaviour and Change Management, 11–29. New York: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003288237-2.
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Niedderer, Kristina, Stephen Clune, and Geke Ludden. "Introducing models, methods and tools for design for behaviour change." In Design for Behaviour Change, 19–25. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2018. | Series: Design for social responsibility ; 11: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315576602-3.
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Carroll, Grace A., Jenny M. Groarke, and Lisa Graham-Wisener. "Human behaviour change models for improving animal welfare." In Bridging research disciplines to advance animal welfare science: a practical guide, 91–106. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247893.0006.
Анотація:
Abstract In this chapter, three key frameworks will be outlined, as well as how they fit together. This will allow animal welfare scientists to develop human behaviour change plans from start to finish. These three frameworks are (i) the theoretical domains framework (TDF; Michie et al., 2005); (ii) the behaviour change wheel (BCW; Michie et al., 2011, 2014); and (iii) the behaviour change technique taxonomy (BCTT; Michie et al., 2013). Each framework is described, and guidance is provided for applying these models to design effective human behaviour change interventions. Common pitfalls are outlined, and animal welfare examples are provided throughout to aid understanding.
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Telford, Sam. "Human behaviour trumps entomological risk." In Climate, ticks and disease, 276–82. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789249637.0040.
Анотація:
Abstract This expert opinion argues that human aspects of risk are poorly studied and need to be considered in any discussion of the role of global climate change on risk for vector-borne infections, particularly for those transmitted by ticks. It also covers the many models that are used predict the future distribution of Lyme disease and other tick-borne infections in the USA and elsewhere, based on anticipated changes in weather.
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Carroll, Grace A., Jenny M. Groarke, and Lisa Graham-Wisener. "Human Behaviour Change Models for Improving Animal Welfare." In Bridging Research Disciplines to Advance Animal Welfare Science: A Practical Guide, 91–106. GB: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789247886.0006.
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McNeill, Desmond. "Can Economics Help to Understand, and Change, Consumption Behaviour?" In Consumption, Sustainability and Everyday Life, 317–37. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11069-6_12.
Анотація:
AbstractThis chapter assesses the contribution that economics can make to help us understand consumer behaviour and, if necessary, to try and change it. Economic theory of consumer behaviour is sophisticated and rigorous, but very limited. It excludes from consideration many of the factors which are well-recognised by other social sciences as being important. These limitations stem largely from the standard model of homo economicus. Economists are not unaware of this problem, but it is difficult to resolve it: to establish models that are tractable—for example incorporating the idea of interdependent preferences. But even simple economic theory, in which income and price are the main explanatory factors of consumer behaviour, provides the basis for potentially very effective policy instruments. If incomes fall, consumption is indeed reduced; and taxes and subsidies can substantially alter consumer behaviour. The problem is that such instruments are politically very unpopular.
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van Dijken, H. H., J. A. M. van der Heyden, J. Mos, and F. J. H. Tilders. "Long-Lasting Behavioural Changes after a Single Footshock Stress Session. A Model of Depression?" In Animal Models in Psychopharmacology, 231–36. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-6419-0_22.
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Kreibich, Heidi, and Nivedita Sairam. "Dynamic Flood Risk Modelling in Human–Flood Systems." In Springer Climate, 95–103. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86211-4_12.
Анотація:
AbstractEffective flood risk management is highly relevant for advancing climate change adaptation. It needs to be based on risk modelling that considers the dynamics, complex interactions and feedbacks in human–flood systems. In this regard, we review recent advancements in understanding, quantifying and modelling changes in risk and its drivers. A challenge for integrating human behaviour in dynamic risk assessments and modelling is the combined consideration of qualitative and quantitative data. Advancements in this respect are (1) the compilation and analysis of comprehensive qualitative and quantitative data on flood risk changes in case studies following the paired event concept; (2) the integration of qualitative and quantitative data into socio-hydrological models using Bayesian inference; and (3) the coupling of hydrological flood risk models with behaviour models in socio-hydrological modelling systems. We recommend to further develop these approaches and use more such process-based, dynamic modelling also for large-scale flood risk analyses. These approaches are increasingly feasible due to significant improvements in computational power and data science.
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Caspi, Avshalom. "Prolegomena to a Model of Continuity and Change in Behavioural Development." In Novartis Foundation Symposia, 209–34. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9780470514047.ch13.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Behavioural change models":
1
Weidlich, Matthias, Mathias Weske, and Jan Mendling. "Change Propagation in Process Models Using Behavioural Profiles." In 2009 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing. IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/scc.2009.58.
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Pampel, Sanna, Samantha Jamson, Daryl Hibberd, and Yvonne Barnard. "Mental Models of Eco-Driving: Comparison of Driving Styles in a Simulator." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100236.
Анотація:
Passenger cars contribute 12% of the overall carbon dioxide emissions in the EU. Eco-driving skills such as avoiding excessive braking and accelerating could reduce passenger car fuel consumption by up to 10% and consequently reduce vehicular emissions. However, educational material and the prospect of saving a considerable amount of money in the long-term do not change the behaviour of the majority of drivers. Little is known about drivers' current understanding of eco-driving, how they make decisions to put this knowledge into practice and what motivates them to do so. For this research drivers’ knowledge, behavioural rules and skill were tested in an experiment. Sixteen participants drove the University of Leeds desktop driving simulator on a varied road layout. Each participant was asked to drive four times, having had different instructions. These instructions were ‘Drive normally’ for the first and the last run; ‘Drive safely’ and ‘Drive fuel-efficiently’ in the remaining two. Each time they were presented with an urban setting with traffic lights as well as with busy traffic on a motorway. By finding out more about drivers' mental models of eco-driving and how they put them into practice, it will be possible to design more targeted and effective support systems.
3
SUKHAREV, Oleg, and Vladimir CHAPLYGIN. "ECONOMIC POLICY OF GROWTH: SELECTION OF INSTITUTES AND TECHNOLOGICAL MODELS OF DEVELOPMENT." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.006.
Анотація:
Purpose – to study the possibilities of institutional theory to establish a modern theory of economic growth, including the factors of institutions and technologies changes. These factors are a set of rules with high coercive force to the agents’ action form a particular mode/model of their adaptation, together with other institutions. Research Methodology – the neoclassical models of economic growth, which may include institutional factors and to study their impact on the growth and change of the factors, into the business practice are applied. The key scientific problem is to choose the right market Institute for a proper way of technological development. The authors use the micro-level analysis of the agents and institutions’ interaction in the process of new technologies appearance. Morphological and taxonomic analysis in order to highlight the models of technological development and economic growth had been applied. Findings – the research results may enrich an economic theory and practice in the area of business models applicability. The findings may assist a business community to influence the general technological development within the national institutional systems. Research limitations – due to the fact that different institutions, structures and technologies act on the economic dynamics at the same time, separating their influence is an independent scientific problem that is not solved in all cases. However, the set of considered institutional factors forms and provides a kind of “manufacturability” of economic growth. Practical implications – the so-called institutional macroeconomics as a practical discipline (which has a very close connection with behavioural macroeconomics) may assist to explore the economic growth from the point of view of changing institutions (firms, business community), labour markets and information – technical and technological changes. Originality/Value – the value of the research consists in the systematization of institutional factors affecting the economic growth, conducting a morphological structural analysis of growth types, which allow identifying eight main growth trajectories in business activity.
4
Ernst, Christian. "Inducing behavioural change in transportation - mobilizing human ressource." In IABSE Congress, New York, New York 2019: The Evolving Metropolis. Zurich, Switzerland: International Association for Bridge and Structural Engineering (IABSE), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2749/newyork.2019.0846.
Анотація:
<p>According to the UN department of Economy and Social affairs, 68% of the world’s population will be living in urban areas by 2050 [1]. Since urban areas represent the coming together of different transport modes on limited space, it is a transportation environment with an inherent high probability of clashes. These clashes are known to occur between different groups, e.g. pedestrians and cyclists.</p><p>In the Scandinavian countries, cycling is taking on an impressive cut of overall transport volume. Copenhagen has experienced a steady rise in bicycle traffic throughout the past decades –as recent data confirms [2].</p><p>Copenhagen has been the model case for Scandinavian and other cities to look at how to increase bicycle traffic. However, with the e-bike and other battery driven devices such as speed-pedelecs on the rise, the system as we know it is threatened. It is necessary to raise awareness for this change and induce behavioral change with the so-called “soft” traffic users. What are the recent findings in this field and what challenges are identifiable. What can be done in order not to put a positive development under threat?</p>
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Barannyk, Oleksandr, and Peter Oshkai. "Spinning Behaviour of Diametral Acoustic Modes in Deep Axisymmetric Cavities With Chamfered Edges." In ASME 2014 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2014-28272.
Анотація:
Spinning behaviour of diametral acoustic modes associated with self-sustained flow oscillations in a deep, axisymmetric cavity located in a long pipeline was investigated experimentally. High-amplitude pressure fluctuations resulted from the excitation of the diametral acoustic modes by the fully-turbulent flow in the pipeline. The unsteady pressure was measured at three equally spaced azimuthal locations at the bottom of the cavity. This arrangement allowed calculation of the azimuthal orientation of the acoustic modes, which were classified as stationary, partially spinning or spinning. Introduction of shallow chamfers to the upstream and the downstream edges of the cavity resulted in changes of azimuthal orientation and spinning behaviour of the acoustic modes. In addition, introduction of splitter plates in the cavity led to pronounced change in the spatial orientation and the spinning behaviour of the acoustic modes. The short splitter plates changed the behaviour of the dominant acoustic modes from partially spinning to stationary, while the long splitter plates enforced the stationary behaviour across all resonant acoustic modes.
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Clarke, Roger. "A Simulation Model for COVID-19 Public Health Management: Design and Preliminary Evaluation." In Digital Support from Crisis to Progressive Change. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-485-9.1.
Анотація:
The COVID-19 pandemic has presented governments with challenges not only in relation to bio-medical understanding, medical treatment and health facility operations, but also the management of public health, public behaviour and the economy. In the area of public health management, discrete event simulation modelling is capable of providing considerable assistance to decision-makers. In April 2020, on the basis of publicly available information about the virus and its impacts, an analysis was undertaken of the needs of public health policymakers, and a 16-state / 40-flow model was postulated. The model was revisited in December 2020, and experiences around the world applied in order to evaluate the model's apparent usefulness. This resulted in improved appreciation of its applicability and limitations, a revised model, and plans for further evaluation and application.
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Kårstad, Eirik, Pramit Basu, Michal Kepinski, and Wojciech Chrzanowski. "3D Modelling Approach To Investigate Zechstein Stress Transition Zone – Case Study from Fore-Sudetic Monocline (Poland)." In International Geomechanics Symposium. ARMA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56952/igs-2022-186.
Анотація:
Abstract Geomechanics is the study of how subsurface rocks deform or fail in response to changes in stress, pressure and temperature. Therefore, geomechanics is an important input for optimal exploration and development of hydrocarbon reservoirs. The Zechstein formations exhibit different rock deformation behaviours due to varying sequences of evaporites that cause significant drilling challenges, increasing drilling time and associated costs. Commonly used 1D analytical geomechanical models have been inadequate for explaining the drilling experiences in the Zechstein formation. We therefore examine a dynamic 3D geomechanical model to explain the behaviour of these formations. The Zechstein sedimentation sequence is typical for an evaporite basin (from top): clay, salt, sulphatic rocks, carbonatic rocks and salty clay. The salt is known for its rapid hole closure behaviour, and stresses are often modelled as lithostatic. Although sulphate rocks like anhydrite creep more slowly, they are often considered viscoelastic over long time horizons, and laboratory measurements show creep behaviour. However, the behaviour of anhydrite is strongly dependent on water saturation, and the dynamic 3D geomechanical model results suggested that there is a stress transition zone through the anhydrites between the Zechstein salt (halite) and Rotliegend sandstones. The inclusion of a stress transition zone explained the drilling complications encountered in earlier wells, which could not be adequately explained using 1D geomechanical modelling. Introduction Geomechanics is the study of how subsurface rocks deform or fail in response to changes of stress, pressure and temperature, and therefore geomechanics is a key aspect of the exploration works. The sequences of different evaporate rocks through the Zechstein formations group result in formations being able to exhibit a number of behavioural mechanisms. Without careful geomechanics analysis and risk assessment, one should expect, numerous drilling complications, as well as health and safety risks, excessive time to complete operations and increased well cost.
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Đorđeski, Marina, and Iztok Podbregar. "Modeli kompetenc vodilnih kadrov v kritični infrastrukturi." In Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.12.
Анотація:
Critical infrastructure are facilities that are crucial for the smooth functioning of the state. Disruption of critical infrastructure can affect people's lives. From this point of view, it is important that employees with appropriate competencies operate in such infrastructures. These competencies can be collected in the competency model. This is a list of competencies that describe the characteristics of the employee in terms of skills, knowledge, behaviour, and experience. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the main features of competency models in critical infrastructures. This represents an opportunity for further research and implementation of competency models in critical infrastructure systems. However, since it all starts at the top, we discuss the competencies of managers. The integration of competency models into critical infrastructures is an important area, as such models make it easier and faster to acquire key employees.
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Kramarič, Martina. "Razvoj kompetenčnega modela projektne pisarne Biotehniškega centra Naklo." In Values, Competencies and Changes in Organizations. University of Maribor Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18690/978-961-286-442-2.34.
Анотація:
The paper presents the process of setting up the competency model of the Project Management Office of the Naklo Biotechnical Centre where professional generic and professional specific competencies are identified and defined for individual work posts: project office manager, project manager, project coordinator and expert. The complexity of the competencies of the employees are of large range and highly dispersed. They often manage several roles at the same time and their work involves coordination of number interrelated fields and phases of project work in order to achieve the objectives and results of the project. The identification and description of individual competencies enables the set-up of the first competency model of the Project Management Office of the Naklo Biotechnical Centre, which is a database of competencies. Combinations of knowledge, skills, behaviour and personal characteristics are defined and expected to be mastered by the project office employees. For the organisation, the model represents the adequate tool for further development of different staff providing systems and management of the work of the project office employees.
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Kazmi, Syeda Asiya Zenab, and Marja Naarananoja. "Comparative approaches of key change management models – a fine assortment to pick from as per situational needs!" In 3rd Annual International Conference on Business Strategy and Organizational Behaviour (BizStrategy 2013). Global Science and Technology Forum Pte Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5176/2251-1970_bizstrategy13.41.
Звіти організацій з теми "Behavioural change models":
1
Weller, Joshua, Gulbanu Kaptan, Rajinder Bhandal, and Darren Battachery. Kitchen Life 2. Food Standards Agency, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.wom249.
Анотація:
The aim of the Kitchen Life 2 project is to identify the key behaviours relating to food safety that occur in domestic and business kitchens, as well as the factors that may reduce the likelihood to enact recommended food safety and hygiene behaviours. The outcomes will inform risk assessment and development of hypotheses for behavioural interventions. The goal of this literature review was to ensure that the research design and fieldwork techniques identify existing key behaviours, actors, triggers and barriers in domestic and business kitchens to develop successful behavioural interventions and risk assessment models. Additionally, we have included the impacts of Covid-19 pandemic and national lockdowns on food safety practices in domestic and business kitchens. This addition is important because FSA policy response to the pandemic should address the needs of both consumers and food businesses due to reduced ability to deliver inspection and enforcement activities, business diversification (for example, shifting to online delivery and takeaway), increasing food insecurity, and change in food consumption behaviours (for example, cooking from scratch) (FSA, 2020).
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Angelova, Hristina, Daniela Pechlivanova, Elena Dzhambazova, and Boycho Landzhov. Effects of Kyotorphin on the Early Behavioural and Histological Changes Induced by an Experimental Model of Alzheimer’s Disease in Rats. "Prof. Marin Drinov" Publishing House of Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, April 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7546/crabs.2018.03.16.
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Clark, Louise. The Diamond of Influence: A Model For Exploring Behaviour in Research to Policy Linkages. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/apra.2020.011.
Анотація:
This learning paper presents an initial analysis of the emerging research to policy linkages within the Agricultural Policy Research in Africa (APRA) programme of the Future Agricultures Consortium, which is funded by the Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO). APRA has an innovative monitoring, evaluation and learning approach known as the ‘Accompanied Learning on Relevance and Effectiveness’ (ALRE), which is being delivered by a small team of embedded evaluation specialists. This paper discusses how ALRE has applied the COM-B (Capability, Opportunity, Motivation and Behaviour) (Mayne 2018; Mayne 2016; Michie, van Stralen and West 2011) model of behaviour change to explore the interactions and influencing strategies between researchers and policymakers in the context of agricultural policy research in Africa. These insights have produced the Diamond of Influence, a new ALRE-adapted model, which applies each of the COM-B elements to discuss the different aspects of research to policy processes, drawing on examples of how researchers in each of the APRA focus countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania and Zimbabwe) are engaging in policy spaces.
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McPhedran, R., K. Patel, B. Toombs, P. Menon, M. Patel, J. Disson, K. Porter, A. John, and A. Rayner. Food allergen communication in businesses feasibility trial. Food Standards Agency, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.tpf160.
Анотація:
Background: Clear allergen communication in food business operators (FBOs) has been shown to have a positive impact on customers’ perceptions of businesses (Barnett et al., 2013). However, the precise size and nature of this effect is not known: there is a paucity of quantitative evidence in this area, particularly in the form of randomised controlled trials (RCTs). The Food Standards Agency (FSA), in collaboration with Kantar’s Behavioural Practice, conducted a feasibility trial to investigate whether a randomised cluster trial – involving the proactive communication of allergen information at the point of sale in FBOs – is feasible in the United Kingdom (UK). Objectives: The trial sought to establish: ease of recruitments of businesses into trials; customer response rates for in-store outcome surveys; fidelity of intervention delivery by FBO staff; sensitivity of outcome survey measures to change; and appropriateness of the chosen analytical approach. Method: Following a recruitment phase – in which one of fourteen multinational FBOs was successfully recruited – the execution of the feasibility trial involved a quasi-randomised matched-pairs clustered experiment. Each of the FBO’s ten participating branches underwent pair-wise matching, with similarity of branches judged according to four criteria: Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS) score, average weekly footfall, number of staff and customer satisfaction rating. The allocation ratio for this trial was 1:1: one branch in each pair was assigned to the treatment group by a representative from the FBO, while the other continued to operate in accordance with their standard operating procedure. As a business-based feasibility trial, customers at participating branches throughout the fieldwork period were automatically enrolled in the trial. The trial was single-blind: customers at treatment branches were not aware that they were receiving an intervention. All customers who visited participating branches throughout the fieldwork period were asked to complete a short in-store survey on a tablet affixed in branches. This survey contained four outcome measures which operationalised customers’: perceptions of food safety in the FBO; trust in the FBO; self-reported confidence to ask for allergen information in future visits; and overall satisfaction with their visit. Results: Fieldwork was conducted from the 3 – 20 March 2020, with cessation occurring prematurely due to the closure of outlets following the proliferation of COVID-19. n=177 participants took part in the trial across the ten branches; however, response rates (which ranged between 0.1 - 0.8%) were likely also adversely affected by COVID-19. Intervention fidelity was an issue in this study: while compliance with delivery of the intervention was relatively high in treatment branches (78.9%), erroneous delivery in control branches was also common (46.2%). Survey data were analysed using random-intercept multilevel linear regression models (due to the nesting of customers within branches). Despite the trial’s modest sample size, there was some evidence to suggest that the intervention had a positive effect for those suffering from allergies/intolerances for the ‘trust’ (β = 1.288, p<0.01) and ‘satisfaction’ (β = 0.945, p<0.01) outcome variables. Due to singularity within the fitted linear models, hierarchical Bayes models were used to corroborate the size of these interactions. Conclusions: The results of this trial suggest that a fully powered clustered RCT would likely be feasible in the UK. In this case, the primary challenge in the execution of the trial was the recruitment of FBOs: despite high levels of initial interest from four chains, only one took part. However, it is likely that the proliferation of COVID-19 adversely impacted chain participation – two other FBOs withdrew during branch eligibility assessment and selection, citing COVID-19 as a barrier. COVID-19 also likely lowered the on-site survey response rate: a significant negative Pearson correlation was observed between daily survey completions and COVID-19 cases in the UK, highlighting a likely relationship between the two. Limitations: The trial was quasi-random: selection of branches, pair matching and allocation to treatment/control groups were not systematically conducted. These processes were undertaken by a representative from the FBO’s Safety and Quality Assurance team (with oversight from Kantar representatives on pair matching), as a result of the chain’s internal operational restrictions.
5
Goeckeritz, Joel, Nathan Schank, Ryan L Wood, Beverly L Roeder, and Alonzo D Cook. Use of Urinary Bladder Matrix Conduits in a Rat Model of Sciatic Nerve Regeneration after Nerve Transection Injury. Science Repository, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.rgm.2022.03.01.
Анотація:
Previous research has demonstrated the use of single-channel porcine-derived urinary bladder matrix (UBM) conduits in segmental-loss, peripheral nerve repairs as comparable to criterion-standard nerve autografts. This study aimed to replicate and expand upon this research with additional novel UBM conduits and coupled therapies. Fifty-four Wistar Albino rats were divided into 6 groups, and each underwent a surgical neurectomy to remove a 7-millimeter section of the sciatic nerve. Bridging of this nerve gap and treatment for each group was as follows: i) reverse autograft—the segmented nerve was reversed 180 degrees and used to reconnect the proximal and distal nerve stumps; ii) the nerve gap was bridged via a silicone conduit; iii) a single-channel UBM conduit; iv) a multi-channel UBM conduit; v) a single-channel UBM conduit identical to group 3 coupled with fortnightly transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS); vi) or, a multi-channel UBM conduit identical to group 4 coupled with fortnightly TENS. The extent of nerve recovery was assessed by behavioural parameters: foot fault asymmetry scoring measured weekly for six weeks; electrophysiological parameters: compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes, measured at weeks 0 and 6; and morphological parameters: total fascicle areas, myelinated fiber counts, fiber densities, and fiber sizes measured at week 6. All the above parameters demonstrated recovery of the test groups (3-6) as being either comparable or less than that of reverse autograft, but none were shown to outperform reverse autograft. As such, UBM conduits may yet prove to be an effective treatment to repair relatively short segmental peripheral nerve injuries, but further research is required to demonstrate greater efficacy over nerve autografts.
6
Goeckeritz, Joel, Nathan Schank, Ryan L Wood, Beverly L Roeder, and Alonzo D Cook. Use of Urinary Bladder Matrix Conduits in a Rat Model of Sciatic Nerve Regeneration after Nerve Transection Injury. Science Repository, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.rgm.2022.03.01.sup.
Анотація:
Previous research has demonstrated the use of single-channel porcine-derived urinary bladder matrix (UBM) conduits in segmental-loss, peripheral nerve repairs as comparable to criterion-standard nerve autografts. This study aimed to replicate and expand upon this research with additional novel UBM conduits and coupled therapies. Fifty-four Wistar Albino rats were divided into 6 groups, and each underwent a surgical neurectomy to remove a 7-millimeter section of the sciatic nerve. Bridging of this nerve gap and treatment for each group was as follows: i) reverse autograft—the segmented nerve was reversed 180 degrees and used to reconnect the proximal and distal nerve stumps; ii) the nerve gap was bridged via a silicone conduit; iii) a single-channel UBM conduit; iv) a multi-channel UBM conduit; v) a single-channel UBM conduit identical to group 3 coupled with fortnightly transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS); vi) or, a multi-channel UBM conduit identical to group 4 coupled with fortnightly TENS. The extent of nerve recovery was assessed by behavioural parameters: foot fault asymmetry scoring measured weekly for six weeks; electrophysiological parameters: compound muscle action potential (CMAP) amplitudes, measured at weeks 0 and 6; and morphological parameters: total fascicle areas, myelinated fiber counts, fiber densities, and fiber sizes measured at week 6. All the above parameters demonstrated recovery of the test groups (3-6) as being either comparable or less than that of reverse autograft, but none were shown to outperform reverse autograft. As such, UBM conduits may yet prove to be an effective treatment to repair relatively short segmental peripheral nerve injuries, but further research is required to demonstrate greater efficacy over nerve autografts.
7
Baumgartner, Annabell. Akzeptierbarkeit und Wirksamkeit verkehrspolitischer Maßnahmen zur Neuaufteilung öffentlicher Räume. Goethe-Universität, Institut für Humangeographie, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21248/gups.58870.
Анотація:
Mit dem Ziel, Erkenntnisse darüber zu gewinnen unter welchen Umständen verkehrspolitische Maßnahmen seitens der Bevölkerung befürwortet und angenommen werden, wurde im Hebst 2020 eine quantitative Haushaltsbefragung (N = 832) in vier Frankfurter Befragungsgebieten durchgeführt. Als Untersuchungsgegenstand wurde die Umwandlung von Auto- in Fahrradspuren ausgewählt – eine Maßnahme, die in Folge des Frankfurter Radentscheids entlang verschiedener Verkehrsachsen in Frankfurt geplant und teilweise bereits umgesetzt wurde. Dabei wurde deutlich, dass die Akzeptierbarkeit für die zukünftige Umsetzung einer solchen Maßnahme zur Neuaufteilung öffentlicher Räume in Frankfurt insgesamt sehr hoch ausfällt. Unter Heranziehung des stage model of self-regulated behavioural change (SSBC) konnte zudem aufgezeigt werden, dass sich eine starke Orientierung am Auto negativ auf die Höhe der Akzeptierbarkeit auswirkt, während eine regelmäßige Nutzung des Fahrrads höhere Zustimmungswerte für die Maßnahme hervorruft. In einem zweiten Schritt wurde weiterhin untersucht, inwiefern die bereits umgewandelten Radspuren zwischen der Alten Brücke am Main und dem Friedberger Platz im Frankfurter Nordend, eine Veränderung in der Wahrnehmung und Verkehrsmittelnutzung der Befragten begünstigen und somit auch wirksam sind. Dabei wurde mitunter ersichtlich, dass es seit der Umwandlung sowohl zu einer gesteigerten Fahrradnutzung als auch zu einer reduzierten Autonutzung entlang der umgewidmeten Strecke gekommen ist.
8
Armstrong, Beth, Lucy King, Ayla Ibrahimi, Robin Clifford, Mark Jitlal, and Katie Mears. Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS) - Food and You 2: Wave 4 Key Findings. Food Standards Agency, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.lyx422.
Анотація:
Fieldwork for Food and You 2: Wave 4 was conducted between 8th October 2021 and 10th January 2022. A total of 5,796 adults from 4,026 households (an overall response rate of 28.5%) across England, Wales, and Northern Ireland completed the ‘push-to-web’ survey (see Annex A for more information about the methodology). This report presents findings from the F&Y2: Wave 4 ‘Eating out and takeaway’ module relating to the Food Hygiene Rating Scheme (FHRS). A total of 4,755 adults across England, Wales, and Northern Ireland completed the ‘Eating out and takeaway’ module via the online or the ‘Eating out’ postal questionnaire. Food and You 2: Wave 4 data were collected during a time and context which has seen changes in UK and global economics and politics, the context in which the public make food decisions, and the effect of Omicron restrictions. It is expected that the current context had an impact on the level of food security and food-related behaviours reported
9
Santoro, Fabrizio, Razan Amine, and Tanele Magongo. Mandating Digital Tax Tools as a Response to Covid: Evidence from Eswatini. Institute of Development Studies, May 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.006.
Анотація:
Many tax authorities changed the mode of interacting with taxpayers from physical to online as a response to the Covid-19 pandemic, to diminish the spread of the virus. Eswatini, the country under study, mandated the use of online tax filing through the e-Tax system for all income tax payers, coupled with a zero-cash-handling policy for tax payment. By means of a difference-in-difference (DID) strategy, reinforced by a propensity score matching (PSM), this paper offers an impact evaluation of the mandate on taxpayer filing and payment behaviour. We present three sets of results. First, we describe which firms are most likely to register for e-Tax – mostly large firms and those in the primary and tertiary sectors. Second, we show that e-Tax uptake significantly improves filing behaviour, as well as payment behaviour. E-Tax registered taxpayers are less likely to file nil (by 60 per cent), declare more turnover and taxable income, and are 70 per cent more likely to pay conditional on filing. Third, we shed light on the mechanisms behind our main findings, showing that the technology improved accuracy and reduced compliance costs. E-Tax-registered treated taxpayers are more likely to file on time, file for VAT, report more accurately, and, on the payment side, to pay their liabilities in full.
10
Plourde, A. P., and J. F. Cassidy. Mapping tectonic stress at subduction zones with earthquake focal mechanisms: application to Cascadia, Japan, Nankai, Mexico, and northern Chile. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330943.
Анотація:
Earthquake focal mechanisms have contributed substantially to our understanding of modern tectonic stress regimes, perhaps more than any other data source. Studies generally group focal mechanisms by epicentral location to examine variations in stress across a region. However, stress variations with depth have rarely been considered, either due to data limitations or because they were believed to be negligible. This study presents 3D grids of tectonic stress tensors using existing focal mechanism catalogs from several subduction zones, including Cascadia, Japan, Nankai, Mexico, and northern Chile. We bin data into 50 x 50 x 10 km cells (north, east, vertical), with 50% overlap in all three directions. This resulted in 181380 stress inversions, with 90% of these in Japan (including Nankai). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first examination of stress changes with depth in several of these regions. The resulting maps and cross-sections of stress can help distinguish locked and creeping segments of the plate interface. Similarly, by dividing the focal mechanism catalog in northern Japan into those before and those &gt;6 months after the 2011 Mw 9.1 Tohoku-Oki earthquake, we are able to produce detailed 3D maps of stress rotation, which is close to 90° near the areas of highest slip. These results could inform geodynamic rupture models of future megathrust earthquakes in order to more accurately estimate slip, shaking, and seismic hazard. Southern Cascadia and Nankai appear to have sharp stress discontinuities at ~20 km depth, and northern Cascadia may have a similar discontinuity at ~30 km depth. These stress boundaries may relate to rheological discontinuities in the forearc, and may help us unravel how forearc composition influences subduction zone behaviour and seismic hazard.