Готові списки джерел за темами / Belief

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Belief"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 25 липня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Belief"

Williams, Peter. "Beliefs supporting belief." Philosophers' Magazine, no. 7 (1999): 56–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/tpm1999768.

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Lakemeyer, Gerhard. "On Perfect Introspection with Quantifying-In1." Fundamenta Informaticae 17, no. 1-2 (1992): 75–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-1992-171-206.

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Анотація:

Agents with perfect introspection may have incomplete beliefs about the world, but they possess complete knowledge about their own beliefs. This fact suggests that the beliefs of introspective agents should be completely determined by their objective beliefs, that is, those beliefs that are only about the domain in question and not about other beliefs. Introspection and logical reasoning alone should suffice to reconstruct all other beliefs from the objective ones. While this property has been shown to hold for propositional belief logics, there have so far only been negative results in the ca

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Chappell, T. D. J. "Does Protagoras refute himself?" Classical Quarterly 45, no. 2 (1995): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0009838800043433.

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Protagoras believes that all beliefs are true. Since Protagoras' belief that all beliefs are true is itself a belief, it follows (somewhat trivially, perhaps?) from Protagoras' belief that all beliefs are true that Protagoras' belief is true. But what about the belief that Protagoras' belief is false? Doesn't it follow, by parallel reasoning and not at all trivially, that if all beliefs are true and there is a belief that Protagoras' belief is false, then Protagoras' belief is false?

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Granados Samayoa, Javier A., and Dolores Albarracín. "Understanding Belief-Behavior Correspondence: Beliefs and Belief-to-Behavior Inferences." Psychological Inquiry 36, no. 1 (2025): 1–22. https://doi.org/10.1080/1047840x.2025.2482343.

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Crane, Tim. "Is Religious Belief a Kind of Belief?" Neue Zeitschrift für Systematische Theologie und Religionsphilosophie 65, no. 4 (2023): 414–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/nzsth-2023-0060.

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Abstract This paper discusses the familiar question of whether expressions of faith or conviction offered by religious believers really express their beliefs, in the standard sense of ‘belief’ used in philosophy and psychology. Some hold that these expressions do not express genuine beliefs because they do not meet the standards of rationality, coherence and integration which govern beliefs. So they must serve some other function. But this picture of ‘genuine belief’ is inadequate, for reasons independent of the phenomenon of religion. Once we get a better picture of belief, we can see that re

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Bach, Kent. "Do Belief Reports Report Beliefs." Pacific Philosophical Quarterly 78, no. 3 (1997): 215–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1468-0114.00036.

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Yanke, Greg, Mohamed Y. Rady, and Joseph L. Verheijde. "When Brain Death Belies Belief." Journal of Religion and Health 55, no. 6 (2016): 2199–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10943-016-0298-4.

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Wolfe, Michael B., and Todd J. Williams. "Poor metacognitive awareness of belief change." Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology 71, no. 9 (2018): 1898–910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17470218.2017.1363792.

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When people change beliefs as a result of reading a text, are they aware of these changes? This question was examined for beliefs about spanking as an effective means of discipline. In two experiments, subjects reported beliefs about spanking effectiveness during a prescreening session. In a subsequent experimental session, subjects read a one-sided text that advocated a belief consistent or inconsistent position on the topic. After reading, subjects reported their current beliefs and attempted to recollect their initial beliefs. Subjects reading a belief inconsistent text were more likely to

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R, Velusamy. "Folklore Elements in Kalittokai." International Research Journal of Tamil 4, S-16 (2022): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34256/irjt224s164.

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Анотація:

Kalittokai is a classical Tamil poetic work. In this text the basic beliefs about life have been discussed. These beliefs are strong among the people. Beliefs on nature, birds, trees, astronomy and rain are very common among the people. Belief in blinking the eyes, belief over God, belief related to dreams, lizards horoscope, belief in fasting, belief in crescent prayer, and belief in fanaticism are very common among people. These are followed in their day to day life. Humans from birth to death are tied up in a knot called belief. This article is about the folklore elements in Kalittokai.

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AHMED, ARIF. "Belief and religious ‘belief’." Religious Studies 56, no. 1 (2019): 80–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412519000234.

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AbstractIs the analysis of religion best conducted in terms of the beliefs of its practitioners? I describe a Wittgenstein-inspired approach to belief on which it is dubious that religious practices satisfy the criteria for the attribution of belief. I defend this more moderate and plausible version of Needham's thesis against two natural reasons to think religious belief widespread.

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Дисертації з теми "Belief"

Etlin, David Jeffrey. "Desire, belief, and conditional belief." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/45898.

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Анотація:

Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2008.<br>Includes bibliographical references (leaves 127-132).<br>This dissertation studies the logics of value and conditionals, and the question of whether they should be given cognitivist analyses. Emotivist theories treat value judgments as expressions of desire, rather than beliefs about goodness. Inference ticket theories of conditionals treat them as expressions of conditional beliefs, rather than propositions. The two issues intersect in decision theory, where judgments of expected goodness are

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Hernando, Miguel (Miguel Angel Hernando Cupido) 1970. "Studies in belief and belief attribution." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/8764.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Linguistics and Philosophy, 2001.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 207-209).<br>My dissertation is about Frege's classic problem of the morning and the evening star. I distinguish two aspects of the problem. One aspect I call it psychological, and it consists in describing the content of the beliefs of people who are willing to assent to pairs like (1) 'Hesperus is nice' and (2) 'Phosphorus is not nice.' I assume an interpretivist account of belief content, according to which an agent has the beliefs that best explain he

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McClung, Samuel Alan. "Peer evaluator beliefs analyzed within a teacher belief framework." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186587.

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The purpose of this study was to describe the views of peer evaluators within a career ladder system in one school district in the Southwestern United States. The methods and data analysis used 3 parts of a theoretical framework developed by Lortie (1975): goals sought in the workplace (perspectives on purpose), effective teaching (and the effects of endemic uncertainties of teaching to effectiveness), and preferences in job tasks (logic of sentiments). Eleven peer evaluators were interviewed. The data from the interviews were qualitatively analyzed and presented. Among the findings, peer eval

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Renner, William. "Acausal belief propogation for inference on belief networks." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=79116.

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This thesis proposes an acausal version of the Loopy Belief Propagation (LBP) algorithm, motivated by the conjecture that such algorithms might possess different stability and convergence properties than in their usual causal formulation. It is shown that, prior to the introduction of evidence, the new algorithm has a fixedpoint giving the correct marginal distributions even for loopy networks, unlike its causal counterpart. A translation for causal networks is given to allow for behavior of the two algorithms to be compared for the same networks, and the comparison is discussed based o

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Borders, Andrew Johnson. "Balancing belief." [Huntington, WV : Marshall University Libraries], 2008. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=869.

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Najle, Maxine Belén. "ANALYSIS OF AUTOMATIC JUDGMENTS OF RELIGIOUS BELIEF." UKnowledge, 2019. https://uknowledge.uky.edu/psychology_etds/161.

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Анотація:

The measurement of religious belief has some social desirability concerns that make the development of an implicit measure of religiosity advantageous. Currently, there are few options for implicitly measuring religious belief. This study attempted to add to this literature by analyzing the automatic judgements of religious belief through the use of an implicit measure known as the MouseTrack task, allowing for the measurement of latency in the expression of these beliefs as well as the certainty of these beliefs by tracking the path taken during the decision process. A sample of 121 undergrad

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Santos, Clara Maria Melo dos. "Good reasoning : to whom? when? how?; an investigation of belief effects on syllogistic and argumentative reasoning." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296530.

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Li, Shiyan. "Geometry of belief." School of Computer Science and Software Engineering - Faculty of Informatics, 2007. http://ro.uow.edu.au/theses/81.

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Анотація:

Usually, the researchers of traditional belief change theories (e.g., AGM theory) assume that the knowledge of the agents which have the lower priorities should fully accept the knowledge of those higher priority ones in the process of belief revision. These kinds of theories are called prioritized belief change theories. On the contrary, in the discussion of non-prioritized belief change theories (e.g., Konieczny and Pino-P{\'e}rez's merging theory), the belief changes happen among the agents which have the same priorities. In this dissertation, we provide a new style of epistemic states and

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Clarke, Roger. "Belief in context." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/39817.

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Анотація:

I argue for a view I call sensitivism about belief. According to sensitivism, belief is sensitive to just those factors of context which epistemic contextualists claim are relevant to the semantics of words like "know": in particular, whether an agent believes p depends on the not-p alternatives salient to the agent, and the practical importance of p for the agent. I argue for sensitivism about both outright belief and partial belief, and outline a sensitivist formal model of belief. In chapter 1, I make a preliminary case for sensitivism, and for interest in sensitivism. After surveying some

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Davis, Jack Frank. "Belief and imagination." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10049327/.

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Two assumptions are often made about the nature of the cognitive attitudes that allow us to engage with fiction and in pretence: the uniformity and the non-doxastic assumptions. The uniformity assumption tells us that both of these activities involve the same cognitive attitudes. The non-doxastic assumption tells us that these cognitive attitudes are not beliefs, but belief-like states that we can call belief-like imaginings. I will challenge both of these assumptions in this thesis. In the case of the uniformity assumption, I will draw a distinction between voluntary and involuntary imaginati

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Книги з теми "Belief"

Vattimo, Gianni. Belief. Polity Press in association with Blackwell Publishers, 1999.

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Collins, Francis S. Belief. HarperCollins, 2010.

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Johnson, Stephanie. Belief. Vintage, 2001.

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Jaszczolt, Katarzyna. Expressions of belief and belief ascription. University of Lodz], 1995.

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Luetz, Johannes M., and Patrick D. Nunn, eds. Beyond Belief. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67602-5.

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Kellenberger, James. Religious Belief. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74170-9.

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Fermé, Eduardo, and Sven Ove Hansson. Belief Change. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60535-7.

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Dubois, Didier, and Henri Prade, eds. Belief Change. Springer Netherlands, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5054-5.

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O'Brien, Dellanna. Beyond belief! Woman's Missionary Union, 2000.

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Ṭaḥāwī, Aḥmad ibn Muḥammad. Islamic belief. UK Islamic Academy, 1995.

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Частини книг з теми "Belief"

Alvarado, Sergio J. "Beliefs and Belief Relationships." In The Kluwer International Series in Engineering and Computer Science. Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1561-2_3.

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Dallas-Orr, Cassandra, and Steven M. Dunn. "Belief in Belief." In Encyclopedia of Religious Psychology and Behavior. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-38971-9_1238-1.

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Weatherson, Brian. "3. Belief." In Knowledge. Open Book Publishers, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.11647/obp.0425.03.

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This chapter argues that belief is interest-relative for the following reason. A big part of what it is to believe that p is to be willing to use p as a starting point in inquiries. But for most people, for most of their beliefs, there will be some inquiry where they won’t start with that belief. For example, the inquiry into whether they might have made a mistake in forming that very belief. There is a tension here, and the best way to resolve it is to say that when they are going about ordinary life, they have the belief, but they lose it when they turn to more unusual inquiries about their

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Matthews, Robert J. "Belief and Belief’s Penumbra." In New Essays on Belief. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137026521_6.

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Bratta, Phil. "They Believe Their Belief." In Affect, Emotion, and Rhetorical Persuasion in Mass Communication. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351242370-7.

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Luger, Tana M. "Health Beliefs/Health Belief Model." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine. Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39903-0_1227.

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Orbell, Sheina, Havah Schneider, Sabrina Esbitt, et al. "Health Beliefs/Health Belief Model." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_1227.

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Wilks, Yorick, and Afzal Ballim. "Belief Systems: Ascribing Belief." In Künstliche Intelligenz. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-83739-5_12.

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Brown, Duncan. "Writing Belief, Reading Belief." In Finding My Way. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781032633831-5.

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Foley, Michael, and Gordon Geddes. "Belief." In Religious Studies: Christianity GCSE. Macmillan Education UK, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-13913-2_4.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Belief"

Buckingham, David, Matthias Scheutz, Tran Cao Son, and Francesco Fabiano. "Action Language mA* with Higher-Order Action Observability." In 21st International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2023}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2024/20.

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This paper presents a novel semantics for the mA* epistemic action language that takes into consideration dynamic per-agent observability of events. Different from the original mA* semantics, the observability of events is defined locally at the level of possible worlds, giving a new method for compiling event models. Locally defined observability represents agents' uncertainty and false-beliefs about each others' ability to observe events. This allows for modeling second-order false-belief tasks where one agent does not know the truth about another agent's observations and resultant beliefs.

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Liu, Daxin, and Gerhard Lakemeyer. "Reasoning about Beliefs and Meta-Beliefs by Regression in an Expressive Probabilistic Action Logic." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/269.

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In a recent paper Belle and Lakemeyer proposed the logic DS, a probabilistic extension of a modal variant of the situation calculus with a model of belief based on weighted possible worlds. Among other things, they were able to precisely capture the beliefs of a probabilistic knowledge base in terms of the concept of only-believing. While intuitively appealing, the logic has a number of shortcomings. Perhaps the most severe is the limited expressiveness in that degrees of belief are restricted to constant rational numbers, which makes it impossible to express arbitrary belief distributions. In

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Lorini, Emiliano, and Francois Schwarzentruber. "Multi-Agent Belief Base Revision." In Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-21}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2021/270.

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We present a generalization of belief base revision to the multi-agent case. In our approach agents have belief bases containing both propositional beliefs and higher-order beliefs about their own beliefs and other agents’ beliefs. Moreover, their belief bases are split in two parts: the mutable part, whose elements may change under belief revision, and the core part, whose elements do not change. We study a belief revision operator inspired by the notion of screened revision. We provide complexity results of model checking for our approach as well as an optimal model checking algorithm. Moreo

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Hunter, Aaron, François Schwarzentruber, and Eric Tsang. "Belief Manipulation Through Propositional Announcements." In Twenty-Sixth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2017/154.

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Public announcements cause each agent in a group to modify their beliefs to incorporate some new piece of information, while simultaneously being aware that all other agents are doing the same. Given a set of agents and a set of epistemic goals, it is natural to ask if there is a single announcement that will make each agent believe the corresponding goal. This problem is known to be undecidable in a general modal setting, where the presence of nested beliefs can lead to complex dynamics. In this paper, we consider not necessarily truthful public announcements in the setting of AGM belief revi

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Boukhris, Imen, Zied Elouedi, and Salem Benferhat. "Analyzing belief function networks with conditional beliefs." In 2011 11th International Conference on Intelligent Systems Design and Applications (ISDA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isda.2011.6121782.

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Delgrande, James P., Joshua Sack, Gerhard Lakemeyer, and Maurice Pagnucco. "Epistemic Logic of Likelihood and Belief." In Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/360.

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Анотація:

A major challenge in AI is dealing with uncertain information. While probabilistic approaches have been employed to address this issue, in many situations probabilities may not be available or may be unsuitable. As an alternative, qualitative approaches have been introduced to express that one event is no more probable than another. We provide an approach where an agent may reason deductively about notions of likelihood, and may hold beliefs where the subjective probability for a belief is less than 1. Thus, an agent can believe that p holds (with probability <1); and if the agent believes

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Buckingham, David, Daniel Kasenberg, and Matthias Scheutz. "Simultaneous Representation of Knowledge and Belief for Epistemic Planning with Belief Revision." In 17th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2020}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2020/18.

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We propose a novel approach to the problem of false belief revision in epistemic planning. Our state representations are pointed Kripke models with two binary relations over possible worlds: one representing agents' necessarily true knowledge, and one representing agents' possibly false beliefs. State transition functions maintain S5n properties in the knowledge relation and KD45n properties in the belief relation. When new information contradicts an agent's beliefs, belief revision draws new possible worlds from the agent's knowledge relation. Our method also improves upon prior work by accom

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Souza, Marlo, and Renata Wassermann. "Belief Contraction in Non-classical logics as Hyperintensional Belief Change." In 18th International Conference on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning {KR-2021}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/kr.2021/56.

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AGM's belief revision is one of the main paradigms in the study of belief change operations. Despite its popularity and importance to the area, it is well recognised that AGM's work relies on a strong idealisation of the agent's capabilities and the nature of beliefs themselves. Particularly, it is recognised in the literature that Belief and Knowledge are hyperintensional attitudes, i.e. they can differentiate between contents that are necessarily equivalent, but to our knowledge, only a few works have explicitly considered how hyperintensionality affects belief change. This work investigates

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Murzaku, John, and Owen Rambow. "BeLeaf: Belief Prediction as Tree Generation." In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 3: System Demonstrations). Association for Computational Linguistics, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.18653/v1/2024.naacl-demo.10.

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Baker, Clayton. "Predictive Modelling of Human Reasoning Using AGM Belief Revision." In Thirty-Second International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-23}. International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2023/811.

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While many forms of belief change exist, the relationship between belief revision and human reasoning is of primary interest in this work. The theory of belief revision extends classical two-valued logic with an approach to resolve the conflict between a set of beliefs and newly learned information. The goal of this project is to test how humans revise conflicting beliefs. Experiments are proposed in which human subjects are required to resolve conflicting beliefs via relevance and confidence. In our analysis, the human responses will be evaluated against the predictions of two perspectives of

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Звіти організацій з теми "Belief"

Minker, Jack, and Donald Perlis. Distributed Belief Systems. Defense Technical Information Center, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada244286.

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Smith, Joseph D. Belief: Foundation of Military Strategy. Defense Technical Information Center, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada263590.

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Meeuwis, Maarten, Jonathan Parker, Antoinette Schoar, and Duncan Simester. Belief Disagreement and Portfolio Choice. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w25108.

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Enke, Benjamin, Frederik Schwerter, and Florian Zimmermann. Associative Memory and Belief Formation. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w26664.

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Bianchi, Francesco, Sydney Ludvigson, and Sai Ma. Belief Distortions and Macroeconomic Fluctuations. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27406.

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Williams, Mary P. Breast Health Belief Systems Study. Defense Technical Information Center, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada378006.

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Ahn, Sungsoo, Michael Chertkov, and Jinwoo Shin. Sythesis of MCMC and Belief Propagation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1254988.

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Jenkins, Odest C. Coordinating Robotic Networks through Belief Propogation. Defense Technical Information Center, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada577130.

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Dempster, Arthur P. Theory and Applications of Belief Functions. Defense Technical Information Center, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada217092.

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Minker, Jack, and Donald Perlis. Non-Monotonic Reasoning, Belief Systems, and Parallelism. Defense Technical Information Center, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada201458.

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