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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Blind and partially blind people"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 травня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Blind and partially blind people"

1

Wormald, R., and J. Evans. "Registration of blind and partially sighted people." British Journal of Ophthalmology 78, no. 10 (October 1, 1994): 733–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjo.78.10.733.

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2

Shafique, Farwa, Kehkashan Arouj, Muhammad Martib Ali, Sajid Mehmood Alvi, Naveed Gani, and Tahir Mehmood. "Exploring the contents of blind’s dream: A phenomenological study." Intercontinental Journal of Social Sciences 1, no. 3 (May 20, 2024): 181–207. https://doi.org/10.62583/8z3xx998.

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This study explores the dream content among Blinds in different areas of Pakistan like Gilgit, KPK, Sindh, Kohat, Hassan Abdal, Wah Cantt, Rawalpindi and Islamabad. The purpose of the study is to examine the variables like dreaming, day dreaming, optimism and emotional regulation regarding dream content among blinds. Dreaming for blinds is less sighted and sometimes unable to understand but their dreams are unique in nature because blind see dreams without visual experiences. This study explored the elements of dreams like structure, figures, family members’ appearance, colors, good or bad events, existence of other people. It was compared to the real life aspects such as how blinds perceived their family members in dreams and how they look in real life. Data was collected by interview guidelines taken by 16 blinds. Most of them were totally blind and rest of them were partially blind. The data was analysed thematically by creating themes and codes from the interviews by researcher manually. An ethical interview guideline approved by experts was used to take interviews consisted on 23 demographic variables and four other variables such as dreaming which had 13 questions , day dreaming had 18 questions, dream optimism had 16 questions and dream emotional regulation had also 18 questions. The comparative findings of this thematic analysis concluded that some of the events of dream content of blinds is not reality based such as partially blinds perceived their family members in dreams, they are not seemed as in real life and totally blinds even can’t see their family members in dreams.

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Hannan, Paul. "Action Stations." Journal of the National Institute for Career Education and Counselling 22, no. 1 (October 1, 2009): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.20856/jnicec.2205.

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An estimated two million people in the UK have a significant visual impairment. In England around 153,000 people areregistered blind, with a further 153,600 registered partially sighted. Action for Blind People South West is one of sev eralspecialist Action Teams based throughout England. The Team’s mission is to deliver practical support to blind and partially-sighted people in their home, rather than them having to attend an office, which for many individuals would present a major barrierto engagement. In this respect all the team’s work is outreach.

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4

Thankam Varghese, Soumya, and Dr Maya Rathnasabapathy. "Blindness and Social Media in India." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 3.34 (September 1, 2018): 491. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.34.19365.

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In the present world, social networking sites offer a great platform to communicate, collaborate and socialize – personally and professionally with the world around us. According to WHO report, blind people are a significant group comprising 45 million totally blind and 285 million partially blind. This paper reviewing studies on the non (use) of social media by blind people in and out India. It examines the impediments, achievements and expectations of blind people with regard to social network sites based on past research work.

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M, Sharmila. "DESIGN OF AN INTELLIGENT ELECTRIC VEHICLE VISUALLY CHALLENGED PERSON." INTERANTIONAL JOURNAL OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH IN ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 08, no. 05 (May 6, 2024): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.55041/ijsrem33221.

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Blind individuals now utilise a conventional cane to guide them as they go from one location to another. Even though the standard cane is the most widely used aid for the blind today, it is unable to assist them in identifying hazards from various degrees of obstruction. Within this framework, we suggest a novel intelligent system to assist those who are blind or partially sighted. Through the usage of this device, blind persons may walk around with the same confidence and ease as sighted people. The system is connected to a GSM- GPS module in order to pinpoint the blind person's position and create a wireless two-way communication channel. Additionally, it uses ultrasonic sensors to offer direction information and obstacle avoidance information. The system is further enhanced with a vibrator, an accelerometer sensor, and a beeper. The white cane is utilised in conjunction with the compact and lightweight system. The outcomes demonstrated that the blinds utilising this method could move securely and autonomously. Key Words: AT commands, Microcontroller, Short Message Service (SMS), Global System for Mobile Communication (GSM), and Assistive Technology.

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ANGERMANN, W. "EBU - European Blind Union - The voice of blind and partially sighted people in Europe." Acta Ophthalmologica 90 (August 6, 2012): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1755-3768.2012.3881.x.

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Bulk, Laura Yvonne, Tal Jarus, and Laura Nimmon. ""And BAM. You Have a Connection”: Blind/Partially Blind Students and the Belonging in Academia Model." Canadian Journal of Higher Education 52, no. 4 (June 14, 2023): 67–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.47678/cjhe.v52i4.189727.

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Belonging has significant impacts on success in postsecondary. Blind people are underrepresented in postsecondary and lack equitable opportunities to develop a sense of belonging. To build a better understanding of this underrepresented experience, this study shares narratives of 28 Blind students from across Turtle Island (and what is colonially called Canada) using Teng et al.’s (2020) Belonging in Academia Model (BAM) as a conceptual framework. Thematically analyzed findings suggest that blind students’ perspectives offer nuance to the BAM’s conceptualization of how belonging develops. For blind students, external factors such as class size are especially important in determining affiliation with an institution. Blind students elucidated the importance of familiarity with different ways of being in the world, including blindness. Third, acceptance involved having their blind embraced in postsecondary contexts. Forth, interdependence was key to building trusting connections for blind students. Fifth, blind participants discussed equity at length related to access, the added work of trying to obtain access, and the emotional work involved. This study helps fill a gap regarding the experiences of these traditionally underrepresented postsecondary students in Canada. The BAM may raise the consciousness of stakeholders in considering the unique factors impacting belonging for blind people. By attending to these perspectives, stakeholders can become more responsive to the experiences of people from equity-deserving groups. Understanding facilitators and barriers to belonging could result in culturally safer practices and inclusive pedagogical practices and system policies. Only when we create a space where everyone can belong will higher education be truly inclusive.

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Vuletić, Gorka, Tea Šarlija, and Tomislav Benjak. "Quality of life in blind and partially sighted people." Journal of Applied Health Sciences 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24141/2/2/3.

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Vuletić, Gorka, Tea Šarlija, and Tomislav Benjak. "Quality of life in blind and partially sighted people." Journal of Applied Health Sciences 2, no. 2 (December 1, 2016): 101–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24141/1/2/2/3.

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Kumar, Mithiles, Faysal Kabir, and Sahadev Roy. "Low Cost Smart Stick for Blind and Partially Sighted People." INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED ENGINEERING AND MANAGEMENT 2, no. 3 (March 1, 2017): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24999/ijoaem/02030018.

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Дисертації з теми "Blind and partially blind people"

1

Franks, Julie Elizabeth. "A study of practitioners' perspectives on rehabilitation work with blind and partially sighted people in the U.K." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.390851.

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Thurston, Mhairi. "Emotional support and inclusion for blind and partially sighted people in the United Kingdom : the development of counselling for sight loss : a pluralistic practice model." Thesis, Abertay University, 2017. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/2282351c-9da4-4b1a-8502-dea1ba372139.

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This is a narrative account of a cohesive programme of research carried out between 2010 and 2016, which resulted in ten peer-reviewed, published papers that provide an empirical basis for my thesis. The impetus for this academic exploration was provided by my personal experience of acquired sight loss, where my medical and functional needs were prioritised but my emotional needs were overlooked. The first study I undertook confirmed that people experienced negative emotional effects attributable to acquired sight loss. Subsequent studies explored the experience of social exclusion in health and education for blind and partially sighted people. Difficulties were evident across the lifespan, starting with undiagnosed refractive errors in childhood, moving to perceptions of inclusion in high school and on to experiences of exclusion in health care and engagement with leisure activities in adulthood. These papers offer a context for understanding the social and emotional effects of sight loss. Two supporting papers examined how inclusion in healthcare might be increased through nurse education and how accessible games might aid inclusion in entertainment. The thesis as a whole focuses on the development of Counselling for Sight Loss, a pluralistic practice framework for responding holistically to the emotional effects of sight loss, which are compounded by social exclusion. My theoretical model explaining the transition from sight to blindness provided a theoretical context for the thesis, advocating that different people benefit from different types of emotional support at different times in their sight loss journey. This has implications for the nature and timing of emotional support offered to blind and partially sighted people. Counselling for Sight Loss is based around a menu of therapeutic tasks, identified from analysis of systematic case study data in which clients identified helpful aspects of their therapy. These tasks provide an empirical basis for working therapeutically with clients who have visual impairment and will act as a foundation for the development of training materials. The findings of my most recent study have highlighted the need for a national framework for the provision of emotional support services for blind and partially sighted people within the United Kingdom. Currently, emotional support and counselling services are being delivered by staff with varying degrees of relevant training, including those with none. My research has contributed to the development of quality standards and training, based on my Counselling for Sight Loss data, to benefit UK service delivery. Thus my thesis represents a systematic commitment to using research to generate real-world solutions to a real-world problem: designing and delivering effective emotional support and counselling for adults with sight loss in the United Kingdom.

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Redon, Marjorie. "Τraitement d'image pοur la valοrisatiοn et l'accessibilité des οeuvres muséales". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMC263.

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La question de l’accessibilité des œuvres muséales aux personnes présentant une incapacité visuelle (PPIVs) est régulièrement soulevée par les associations et les musées. De par leur nature, certaines œuvres, telles que les tapisseries médiévales, ne peuvent être touchées et ne sont que peu souvent accessibles via l’audio-description. Aussi, la création manuelle de représentations tactiles est coûteuse et complexe, limitant leur disponibilité dans les musées. La Tapisserie de l’Apocalypse et la Tapisserie de Bayeux sont deux exemples emblématiques. Ces deux œuvres d’art de grande envergure mesurant 104 m sur 4,5 m pour la première et 70 m sur 50 cm pour la deuxième, sont devenues au fil du temps les objets de nombreuses études. Bien que le Château d’Angers propose des visites guidées adaptées aux personnes aveugles et malvoyantes, celles-ci restent limitées et nécessitent la participation de plusieurs personnes. Au musée de la Tapisserie de Bayeux, un espace de découverte tactile est proposé mais seules trois des 58 scènes peuvent être explorées.Cette thèse aborde les problématiques d'inclusion dans les musées. Ce travail a été mené dans une volonté de rendre la perception des tapisseries médiévales accessible à un plus grand nombre de personnes. Ce travail propose ainsi une méthodologie innovante de création semi-automatique d’objets 3D à partir d’une simple photographie. Nous nous intéressons dans ce manuscrit aux possibilités offertes par les outils d’intelligence artificielle pour la création de bas-reliefs imprimés en 3D, rapidement et à moindre coût. Pour cela, nous étudions des algorithmes de segmentation tels que les Mask R-CNN ; et d'autres réseaux de neurones permettant de générer des images, comme les réseaux génératifs antagonistes (GANs). En plus de la possible génération d'impressions 3D permettant une exploration tactile des œuvres, nous devons nous intéresser à la pertinence de telles représentations. Afin de nous assurer que la solution proposée permette une meilleure autonomie dans l’appréciation de l’art, nous menons également une campagne d'évaluation auprès de PPIVs. Au final, nous visons à améliorer l'expérience muséale des personnes aveugles et partiellement aveugles par une augmentation de leur autonomie dans ces lieux de culture et renforcer leur satisfaction et leur motivation à découvrir ces trésors culturels
The issue of accessibility to artworks in museums for visually impaired people (VIP) is frequently raised by associations and museums. Some works, such as medieval tapestries, by their very nature, cannot be touched and are often not accessible through audio-description. Moreover, the manual creation of tactile representations is costly and complex, limiting their availability in museums. The Apocalypse Tapestry and the Bayeux Tapestry are two iconic examples. These large-scale artefacts, measuring 104 m by 4.5 cm meters for the former and 70 m by 50 cm for the latter, have been the focus of numerous studies over the years. Although the Château d'Angers offers guided tours adapted for blind and partially sighted visitors, these remain limited and require the involvement of several people. At the Bayeux Tapestry Museum, there is a tactile discovery area, but only three of the 58 scenes have been adapted into tactile mock copies.This work is motivated by the challenges of inclusion in museums and aims to make the perception of medieval tapestries accessible to as many people as possible. We propose an innovative methodology for the semi-automatic creation of 3D objects from simple photographs. In this manuscript, we explore the possibilities offered by artificial intelligence tools to quickly and affordably create 3D-printed bas-reliefs. Specifically, we study segmentation algorithms like Mask R-CNN and image-generating neural networks such as generative adversarial networks (GANs). In addition to generating 3D prints that enable tactile exploration of artefacts, we also evaluate the relevance of these representations through experimentation with VIPs. Overall, our goal is to improve the museum experience for blind and partially sighted visitors by enhancing their autonomy in cultural spaces and increasing their satisfaction and motivation to discover these cultural treasures

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Rackley, Mark Anthony. "'The blind leading the blind' : a phenomenological study into the experience of blind and partially sighted clients with a sighted therapist." Thesis, Middlesex University, 2015. http://eprints.mdx.ac.uk/18562/.

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The focus on blindness and partial sightedness and improving the lives of those living with blindness and partial sightedness has increased in UK public policy and discourse over the last decade. However, there has been little focus on the psychological and emotional needs of those living with sight loss and how emotional support services may work effectively with this client group. This investigation, using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA), examines the experience of nine blind or partially sighted people, aged between 22 and 75 years of age, living in the UK who have had psychological therapy with a sighted therapist in the last two years. The findings highlight various aspects of the participants’ experience under four meta-themes: 1) Struggles between the two worlds, 2) Bringing the ‘elephant’ into the therapy room, 3) Non-verbal communication and 4) Verbal communication and the power of the therapeutic relationship. The discussion highlighted areas for consideration for sighted counselling psychologists and other mental health professionals who may work with clients who are blind or partially sighted. It also explores three major areas: (i) for counselling psychology as a profession to consider how it supports clients who are blind or partially sighted, (ii) for sighted counselling psychologists and other mental health professionals to examine their own attitude toward disability and how they work with this in their profession and (iii) for sighted counselling psychologists to challenge traditional ways of working with touch, silence and talking when working with blind or partially sighted clients.

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Jones, J. Michael Browning Philip L. "Factors that correlate with employment and earnings for people who are blind in Alabama." Auburn, Ala, 2008. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/EtdRoot/2008/SUMMER/Rehabilitation_and_Special_Education/Dissertation/Jones_John_51.pdf.

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Jefferson, Luke Alexander. "Computer accessibility for colour-blind people." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.502557.

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Colour vision deficiency (CVD), often and erroneously called colour-blindness, is the collective term for a variety of abnormal physiological conditions, usually congenital, which result in fewer colour responses than normal. Despite the surprisingly high incidence of CVD (8% of men are colour vision deficient) very few commercial interfaces tackle the problem explicitly. This thesis reviews the different types of accessibility problems encountered by colour vision deficient computer users. It reports results from a questionnaire study designed to ascertain the extent to which CVD impacts computer use, the frequency at which people with CVD experience problems and the severity of these problems. This thesis demonstrates how computational models of CVD can be applied to a variety of existing software tools and interfaces to improve computer accessibility for people with CVD. Specifically, it shows how it is possible to integrate models of CVD and measures of colour difference to facilitate the selection of accessible colour schemes and to automatically map combinations of colours that colour vision deficient people find hard to discern using multi-dimensional scaling. The recolouring algorithm is evaluated using a computerised version of the standard Ishihara pseudoisochromatic plate colour vision test. The effect of applying the algorithm is to decrease (increase) error (performance) significantly for both simulated and real colour vision deficient observers so that it is comparable to the error obtained by a normal colour observer. In addition to introducing a fully automatic recolouring method, a new semi-automatic recolouring method is described along with an interface that allows the method to be delivered as an adaptive technology. The interface allows users with CVD to recolour images for their own colour vision impairment in real-time. The interface is evaluated using a perceptual image similarity task, highlighting the benefits and limits of the proposed method.

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Tse, Cheuk-yin Samuel. "Factory for the blind." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25954209.

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8

Bennett, David James. "Presenting diagrams in sound for blind people." Thesis, University of York, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313857.

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Hnilica, David. "Assistance and Information System for Blind People." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-412767.

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Tato práce řeší problém implementace asistenčního systému pro podporu zrakově postižených osob v prostředcích hromadné dopravy. Jelikož se jedná pouze o část většího celku (projektu RAMPE), není v této práci pokryta celá problematika, nýbrž pouze její část. Práce je psána z pohledu vývojáře a softwarového architekta. Zlepšuje architekturu dříve vyvinutého projektu, navrhuje nové metody a techniky a přidává do výsledné aplikace nové funkce. Toto však platí pouze pro příslušnou část - práce nemůže a ani si neklade za cíl změnit nebo navrhnout celý systém. To už bylo provedeno jinými autory v minulosti a tato práce je na těchto předchozích výsledcích postavena.

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Tse, Cheuk-yin Samuel, and 謝卓然. "Factory for the blind." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31986766.

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Книги з теми "Blind and partially blind people"

1

Great Britain. Department of Health and Social Security. and Great Britain. Central Office of Information., eds. A guide for blind and partially sighted people. London: Department of Health and Social Security, 1987.

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2

Royal National Institute of the Blind., ed. Beyond the stereotypes: Blind and partially sighted people and work. London: Action for Blind People, 2004.

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3

Agency, Benefits. A guide for blind and partially sighted people: Social Security benefits. (Great Britain): Department of Social Security, 1995.

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4

Royal National Institute for the Blind., ed. Within reason: Access to services for blind and partially sighted people. London: Royal National Institute for the Blind, 1998.

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5

Royal National Institute for the Blind., ed. Get the message: Making information accessible for blind and partially sighted people. [London]: RNIB, 1999.

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6

Great Britain. Department of Health., ed. Registers of blind and partially sighted people: Year ending 31 March 1994. London: Department of Health, 1994.

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7

Royal National Institute for the Blind., ed. Sexual health resources for young people who are blind or partially sighted. London: RNIB, 2000.

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8

Howell, Julie. Get the message online: Making internet shopping accessible to blind and partially sighted people. [London?]: RNIB, 2000.

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9

L, Smith, and Royal National Institute for the Blind., eds. The educational experiences of 16 to 25 year-old blind and partially sighted students. London: Royal National Institute for the Blind, 2001.

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10

Baker, Mark. Highly charged: How charging for home care affects blind and partially sighted people. [London]: RNIB, 2000.

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Частини книг з теми "Blind and partially blind people"

1

Koester, Daniel, Tobias Allgeyer, and Rainer Stiefelhagen. "Visual Shoreline Detection for Blind and Partially Sighted People." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 123–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94274-2_18.

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Hersh, M. A. "Mobility Technologies for Blind, Partially Sighted and Deafblind People: Design Issues." In Mobility of Visually Impaired People, 377–409. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54446-5_13.

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Kitchel, Elaine, and Fred Otto. "Language of Maps for Blind and Partially Sighted People: Expressive and Perceptive Skills." In Handbook of the Changing World Language Map, 319–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02438-3_128.

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Kitchel, Elaine, and Fred Otto. "Language of Maps for Blind and Partially Sighted People: Expressive and Perceptive Skills." In Handbook of the Changing World Language Map, 1–13. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73400-2_128-1.

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Rückert, Markus, and Dominique Schröder. "Fair Partially Blind Signatures." In Progress in Cryptology – AFRICACRYPT 2010, 34–51. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-12678-9_3.

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Pilania, Urmila, Ashwani Kaushik, Yatharth Vohra, and Shikhar Jadaun. "Smart Blind Stick for Blind People." In Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems, 13–20. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0666-3_2.

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Okamoto, Tatsuaki. "Efficient Blind and Partially Blind Signatures Without Random Oracles." In Theory of Cryptography, 80–99. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/11681878_5.

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Omar, Satyam, Sahadeo Padhye, and Dhananjoy Dey. "Multivariate Partially Blind Signature Scheme." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering, 143–55. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-7346-8_13.

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Abe, Masayuki, and Tatsuaki Okamoto. "Provably Secure Partially Blind Signatures." In Advances in Cryptology — CRYPTO 2000, 271–86. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/3-540-44598-6_17.

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Tian, Yingli, and Shuai Yuan. "Clothes Matching for Blind and Color Blind People." In Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 324–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-14100-3_48.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Blind and partially blind people"

1

More, Priyanka, and Satvik Sangamkar. "Vision Aid For Blind People Using YOLOV8." In 2024 2nd International Conference on Networking, Embedded and Wireless Systems (ICNEWS), 1–8. IEEE, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnews60873.2024.10731132.

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Hamid, Isma, Sara Masood, and Qamar Nawaz. "Realtime object detection and recognition device for blind and partially blind People (NanoEye)*." In 2023 Computer Applications & Technological Solutions (CATS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cats58046.2023.10424088.

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Hamid, Isma, Sara Masood, and Qamar Nawaz. "Realtime object detection and recognition device for blind and partially blind People (NanoEye)*." In 2023 Computer Applications & Technological Solutions (CATS). IEEE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cats58046.2023.10424326.

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4

Fabrizi, P. "Electronic book interfaces for blind and partially sighted people." In IEE Colloquium on Human-Computer Interface Design for Multimedia Electronic Book. IEE, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/ic:19950239.

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Koester, Daniel, Rainer Stiefelhagen, and Maximilian Awiszus. "Mind the Gap: Virtual Shorelines for Blind and Partially Sighted People." In 2017 IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision Workshop (ICCVW). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iccvw.2017.171.

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Lu, Toby. "BlindSpot: An AI-Powered Intelligent Mirror Assisting with Facial Hygiene Analysis for Blind People." In 12th International Conference on Human Interaction and Emerging Technologies (IHIET 2024). AHFE International, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1005485.

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Appearances are important for our everyday lives: it is how we present ourselves. Yet, for people who are blind or visually impaired, it can be challenging to notice or take care of their facial hygiene without sighted assistance. Furthermore, existing AI-powered visual assistive technologies such as Seeing AI do not provide such support.We first performed an online search to identify the needs of blind people and people who are visually impaired by checking their appearances. We found that checking appearances is a pertinent need shared by many people who are blind or visually impaired. For example, in the autoethnography by a blind girl [1], the author explains that growing up with visual impairments is physically and mentally strenuous on teenagers. In Li et al. [2], the authors find that people who are visually impaired “normally keep [their] appearance the same as before the loss of vision. This makes people focus less on [their] face and [their] visual impairments.” And that “people with visual impairments are attentive to their appearance,” by “applying makeup”, so that they “can control [their] appearance again.” Pradhan et al. [3] found that people with visual impairments care about their appearance as “they know people around them can see them,” they also “rely on sighted or partially sighted people to act as their mirrors.” Such prior work highlights the need to develop novel solutions and mechanisms to help blind people check on their appearances more independently. The advances in artificial intelligence, especially with regard to AI’s capabilities on analyzing images, brings tremendous potential to augment the vision of people who are blind or visually impaired. In this project, I propose the design of BlindSpot, which is an AI-powered intelligent mirror to help people who are blind and visually impaired check their appearances through uploading images to the platform. Our prior need-finding search revealed diverse needs by blind people on checking appearances, including checking food stains around mouth area, checking makeup quality, and checking cleanliness of their faces. To use BlindSpot, we imagine users can first upload a reference photo which displays their regular appearance, and then upload another photo that they wanted to have the intelligent mirror check for them. In cases where users do not have a reference photo, they can directly upload a photo of interest and ask BlindSpot to check their appearance for them. To evaluate the design concept of BlindSpot, we first constructed a repository composed of people’s headshot images with different appearance issues ranging from food stuck on teeth, to smudge of makeup. We then prompted GPT-4 to evaluate the headshot images and give users feedback for them to adjust their appearance. We found that in most of the scenarios, GPT-4 is able to generate accurate assessment and give helpful feedback. We report scenarios where GPT-4 makes mistakes and makes suggestions on how to further improve the design.

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Bandukda, Maryam, Catherine Holloway, Aneesha Singh, and Nadia Berthouze. "PLACES: A Framework for Supporting Blind and Partially Sighted People in Outdoor Leisure Activities." In ASSETS '20: The 22nd International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3373625.3417001.

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Mooney, Danita, Maryam Bandukda, and Dilisha Patel. "Design Recommendations for an Inclusive Online Sexual Health Clinic for Blind and Partially Sighted People." In ASSETS '23: The 25th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3597638.3614487.

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Moreno, Lourdes, Helen Petrie, and Suzanna Schmeelk. "Accessibility barriers with authentication methods for blind and partially sighted people in the Spanish-speaking world." In 36th International BCS Human-Computer Interaction Conference. BCS Learning & Development, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/bcshci2023.22.

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Utama, Dody Qori, Tati Latifah R. Mengko, Richard Mengko, Andika Prahasta Gandasubrata, and Tauhid Nur Azhar. "RGB Color Cluster Re-Coloring Algorithm for Partial Color-Blind People." In 2017 5th International Conference on Instrumentation, Communications, Information Technology, and Biomedical Engineering (ICICI-BME). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icici-bme.2017.8537778.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Blind and partially blind people"

1

Caron, Patrick, Maureen Gitagia, Michael Hamm, Ulrich Hoffmann, Elizabeth Kimani-Murage, Tania Martínez-Cruz, Kathleen Merrigan, Patrick Roy Mooney, Nadia El-Hage Scialabba, and Tavseef Mairaj Shah. Blind Spots in the Agri-Food System Transformation Debate and Recommendations on How to Address These. TMG Research gGmbH, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35435/1.2023.3.

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TMG Research gGmbH aims to help develop a more systematic understanding of how agri-food systems can be transformed as part of a project on the Assessment and Communication of Climate Impacts of Food (CLIF), funded through the International Climate Initiative (IKI) of the German Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation, Nuclear Safety and Consumer Protection (BMUV) and jointly implemented with corsus and WWF Germany. This project promotes sustainable consumption patterns and helps companies, policymakers, and consumers choose more sustainable options in relation to food. The main contribution of TMG to this project is in developing a more systematic understanding of how to transform agri-food systems by publishing a series of strategic reports on the current status of agri-food systems and the likely drivers and agents of their transformation. This report is part of the FORESEE (4C) series on The Transformation of Agri-Food Systems in Times of Multiple Crises, which explores the status quo of the current agri-food system in the light of challenges linked to the multiple crises. This part of the series reviews the blind spots and gaps in the debate around agri-food systems transformation and how these hinder the transformation. Furthermore, this report offers recommendations on how to address these gaps to facilitate an agri-food system transformation aligned to the leading themes of people, planet, and prosperity. The report was drafted by TMG with contributions from an extended group of experts.

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Southwell, Brian, and Vanessa Boudewyns, eds. Curbing the Spread of Misinformation: Insights, Innovations, and Interpretations from the Misinformation Solutions Forum. RTI Press, December 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.cp.0008.1812.

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Although many people now have access to more accumulated information than has ever been the case in human existence, we also now face a moment when the proliferation of misinformation, or false or inaccurate information, poses major challenges. In response to these challenges and to build collaboration across disciplines and expertise and a more effective community of learning and practice, the Rita Allen Foundation partnered with RTI International and the Aspen Institute along with Craig Newmark Philanthropies, Democracy Fund, and Burroughs Wellcome Fund to hold the Misinformation Solutions Forum in October 2018 at the Aspen Institute in Washington, DC. This forum brought together academic researchers, technology professionals, data scientists, journalists, educators, community leaders, funders and a set of graduate student fellows to explore promising ideas for curbing the spread of misinformation. We issued an open call for ideas to be featured in the forum that sought interventions focused on reducing behaviors that lead to the spread of misinformation or encouraging behaviors that can lead to the minimization of its influence. Interventions with technological, educational, and/or community-based components were encouraged, as were projects involving science communication, public health and diverse populations. A panel of expert judges assessed submissions through a blind review process; judges included representatives from the Rita Allen Foundation, as well as external institutions such as the Democracy Fund, the National Institutes of Health, the Poynter Institute, First Draft, and academic institutions. Authors developed the essays presented here based on both original submissions and the iterative collaboration process that ensued.

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Rahmé, Marianne, and Alex Walsh. Corruption Challenges and Responses in the Democratic Republic of Congo. Institute of Development Studies, January 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.093.

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The Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) consistently scores in the lowest rungs of global indexes on corruption, integrity and wider governance standards. Indeed, corruption of different sorts pervades public and corporate life, with strong ramifications for human development. Although the DRC is one of the richest countries in the world in terms of natural resources, its people are among the globe’s poorest.Corruption in the extractive industries (minerals and oil) is particularly problematic in terms of scale and its centrality to a political economy that maintains elites and preserves the highly inequitable outcomes for the majority. The politico-economic elites of the DRC, such as former President Joseph Kabila, are reportedly significant perpetrators but multinationals seeking valuable minerals or offering financial services are also allegedly deeply involved. Corruption is therefore a problem with national and international roots.Despite national and international initiatives, levels of corruption have proven very stubborn for at least the last 20 years, for various reasons. It is a structural and not just a legal issue. It is deeply entrenched in the country’s political economy and is driven both by domestic clientelism and the fact that multinationals buy into corrupt deals. This rapid review therefore seeks to find out the Corruption challenges and responses in the Democratic Republic of Congo.Grand level corruption shades down into the meso-level, where for instance, mineral laden trucks are systematically under-weighted with the collusion of state officials. With severe shortfalls in public funding, certain public services, such as education, are supported by informal payments. Other instances of petty corruption facilitate daily access to goods and services. At this level, there are arguments against counting such practices as forms of corruption and instead as necessary survival practices.To address the challenge of corruption, the DRC is equipped with a legal system that is of mixed strengths and an institutional arsenal that has made limited progress. International programming in integrity and anti-corruption represents a significant proportion of support to the DRC but much less than humanitarian and governance sectors. The leading international partners in this regard are the EU, US, UNDP, UK, African Development Bank, Germany and Sweden. These partners conduct integrity programming in general governance issues, as well as in the mineral and forest sectors.The sources used in this rapid review are gender blind and converge on a very negative picture The literature ranges from the academic and practitioner to the journalistic and investigative, and taken as a whole, is of good quality, drawing on different types of evidence including perceptions and qualitative in-country research. The sources are mostly in English with two in French.

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Gender Equality: Flying blind in a time of crisis, The Global Health 50/50 Report 2021. Global Health 50/50, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.56649/zdyq5195.

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Now in its 4th year, the Global Health 50/50 Report finds that action to dismantle gender inequality inside organisations and to apply a gender lens in health programmes remains scarce. The COVID-19 pandemic has proven that gender matters - to career pathways, to people’s risk of disease and death, to shaping equitable, effective health policies. Yet the 2021 report reveals that the vast majority of activities to address the health impacts of COVID-19 ignored the role of gender. In a male-default world, the report finds that gender as a driver of everyone’s health, including that of men and boys, remains under-addressed. The result: gender-blind pandemic responses that are less effective than they should be, with grave consequences for the health of people everywhere. Flying Blind also reports the appointment of yet another cohort of mostly male global health leaders, predominantly from high-income countries, with the mandate to exert influence over the health and wellbeing of people worldwide. Despite substantial rhetoric, the data reveals little progress towards gender equality and diversity in leadership across the health sector and no progress on closing the gender pay gap among UK organisations mandated to report on it.

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Global Food 50/50: Hungry for gender equality. Global Health 50/50, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56649/wiqe2012.

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Анотація:

Across the world, populations are facing severe threats and rising inequalities due to a combination of climate change, environmental degradation, COVID-19 and conflict. Food systems, as a result, are in crisis and people are increasingly feeling the impact on their everyday lives. For women, globally and across regions, the impact of the food systems crisis is more severe than for men, and women are more food insecure than men. Women, historically and now, have less access to healthy food, land ownership and resources for food production than men. Gender inequalities are woven through food systems, and contribute to unjust food production, access and consumption. Global food systems organizations are working to address some of the critical issues facing populations’ access to food and nutrition. The second annual Global Food 50/50 Report assesses whether and how such organizations are integrating gender and equality considerations in their work. It reviews the policies and practices of 51 organizations as they relate to two interlinked dimensions of inequality: inequality of opportunity in career pathways inside organizations and inequality in who benefits from the global food system. The primary aim of the Global Food 50/50 Report is to encourage food systems organizations to confront and address gender inequality both within their organizations and governance structures, and in their programmatic approaches across food systems. A second aim is to increase recognition of the role that gender plays in who runs and benefits from food systems for everybody: women and men, including transgender people, and people with nonbinary gender identities. Key findings from this year’s report show that gender and geographic diversity are severely lacking in the boards of major global food organizations, with leadership positions dominated by men from the global north. This matters because representation from a narrow section of the global population will not result in policies and programmes that meet the needs and interests of all people, across all regions, including women. The review of board composition of 51 organizations showed that more than 70% of board seats are held by nationals of high-income countries. Just 8% of board seats are held by women from low- and middle-income countries. However, there is room for hope. Our findings show an increase in women board chairs from 26% in 2021 to 35% in 2022. More organizations are publishing board diversity policies—policies were found in 30% of organizations, a 10% increase since 2021. Moreover, the review located five new board diversity policies across the sample. A high proportion of organizations (49/52) have made formal and public commitments to gender equality and this has increased since 2021. In 2022, there was an increase of five organizations with gender-transformative programmatic approaches, from 60% to 70% and a decrease in the number of organizations with gender-blind approaches. Despite some advances among some global food systems organizations, the sector has a long way to go to achieve gender equality in the boardroom, in the workplace and in who benefits from their work. The data in this report can equip leaders at all levels—from communities to workforces to boards—to take action, drive change, measure progress, and hold those in power accountable to their commitments to advance gender equality and transform food systems. A fairer, more gender-equal system will be best placed to end hunger, poverty, and inequality around the world.

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