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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Brightnes"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 травня 2022

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Статті в журналах з теми "Brightnes"

Bellany, A. "'The Brightnes of the Noble Leiutenants Action': An Intellectual Ponders Buckingham's Assassination." English Historical Review 118, no. 479 (2003): 1242–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehr/118.479.1242.

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Hilmi, Endang, Setiyo Nugroho, and Eming Sudiana. "Empang Parit as Silvofishery Model to Support Conserving Mangrove and Increasing Economic Benefit of Social Community." Omni-Akuatika 17, no. 2 (2021): 101. http://dx.doi.org/10.20884/1.oa.2021.17.2.817.

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Mangrove, estuary and lagoon ecosystem can be used as the aquatic organism habitat. These ecosystems also have good suitability to support activity of silvofishery system. Empang parit as a model of silvofishery using the integrating between the conservation activity of mangrove and aquatic ecosystem with increasing of benefit income for fisherman. This research aimed to analyze the model and pattern of empang parit, environment factor of empang parit and benefit cost analysis of empang parit. The research used vegetation analysis, water quality analysis, cash flow analysis, satellite image analysis, and geographical information analysis. The research explained that empang parit required water temperatur between 29 – 32.6oC, water brightnes between 30 – 60 cm, water salinity between 15 -32 ppt, pH between 7 – 81 and dissolve oxygen between 3.9 – 8.3 mg/L.The empang parit also need Bruguiera gymnorrhiza, Heritiera littoralis and Excoecaria agallocha, Rhizophora mucronata and Rhizophora apiculate to cover empang parit system. And empang parit gave postive economic value based on value of NPV between 2.754.703–3.871.542 IDR, IRR between 21–48 and R/C between 2.26–2.32.Keywords : Empang parit; silvofishery system; economic valuation; water quality; mangrove coverage

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Nguyen, Erin, Antonia Pandelieva, and Roberto A. Chica. "Increasing the brightness of red fluorescent proteins by saturation mutagenesis." University of Ottawa Science Undergraduate Research Journal 1 (August 31, 2018): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.18192/osurj.v1i1.3666.

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Red fluorescent proteins (RFPs) are genetically-encoded fluorophores that are widely used for in vivo imaging. For all applications of RFPs, brighter variants are desired. Previously, we improved the brightness of mRojoA, a red-shifted mutant of the widely-used RFP mCherry, by designing a triple-decker motif of aromatic rings around its chromophore. This yielded the brighter variant mRojo-VHSV, which contains a triple-decker motif consisting of His and Tyr side chains that pack against the chromophore. This improved chromophore packing resulted in an approximately 3-fold brightness increase at physiological pH. However, the His side chain in the triple-decker motif of mRojo-VHSV adopted a perpendicular arrangement to the other two, which may result in a suboptimal packing arrangement. To further improve chromophore packing in mRojo-VHSV, we performed saturation mutagenesis of residues surrounding its triple-decker motif (positions 62, 97, 165, and 199). Using a microplate fluorescence screening assay, a total of 376 colonies were screened for improved brightness. The brightest mutant found, L199M, was expressed and purified, and its spectral properties were characterized in detail. We found that the quantum yield of this variant was improved by two-fold, resulting in a two-fold brightness increase compared to mRojo-VHSV as well as a 5.3-fold increase in brightness compared to mRojoA. The L199M improved variant is the basis for continued engineering with the goal of further improving the spectral properties of this family of RFPs.

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Hu, Yunfeng, and Yunzhi Zhang. "Global Nighttime Light Change from 1992 to 2017: Brighter and More Uniform." Sustainability 12, no. 12 (2020): 4905. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12124905.

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Nighttime light images record the brightness of the Earth surface, indicating the scope and intensity of human activities. However, there are few studies on the long-term changes in global nighttime lights. In this paper, the authors constructed a long time series (1992~2017) nighttime light dataset combining the Defense Meteorological Satellites Program/Operational Linescan System (DMSP-OLS) and the Suomi National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS) data sources and observed the following: (1) Global nighttime lights have become brighter. The global nighttime brightness in 2017 was 2.2 times that of 1992. Approximately 40.3% of the lighted area was significantly brightened, and an area of 1.3 × 107 km2 transitioned from an unlighted area to a lighted area. (2) Approximately 85.7% of the nighttime light increase occurred in the low-brightness zone (LBZ). Therefore, global brightness has become more uniform than before. (3) China, India, and the United States have led the global lighting trend. The increase in Chinese nighttime lights is the largest, with an average annual growth of 6.48%, followed by the light growth in India, while the United States has the largest brightened area. (4) The changes in nighttime lights in developing countries (e.g., China and India) are closely and positively related to their electricity consumption, industrial added value and gross domestic product (GDP). The shift of the LBZ center from Asia to Africa indicates the intercontinental transition of poverty.

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Yao, Er Gang, Feng Qi Zhao, Si Yu Xu, Rong Zu Hu, Hui Xiang Xu, and Hai Xia Hao. "Combustion Characteristics of Composite Solid Propellants Containing Different Coated Aluminum Nanopowders." Advanced Materials Research 924 (April 2014): 200–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.924.200.

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Aluminum nanopowders coated with oleic acid (nmAl+OA), perfluorotetradecanoic acid (nmAl+PA) and nickel acetylacetonate (nmAl+NA) were prepared. The combustion characteristics of hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB) composite solid propellants containing different coated aluminum nanpowders were investigated. The result shows that the burning rate of the propellant sample containing nmAl+NA is the highest at different pressure, the maximum burning rate is up to 26.13 mm·s-1at 15 MPa. The burning rates of propellant samples containing nmAl+OA and nmAl+PA are almost the same at different pressures, and higher than the propellant samples containing untreated aluminum nanopowders only at the pressure range of 10 ~ 15 MPa. The flame brightness of different propellants under different pressure is not the same. The flame brightness is increased with the pressure increasing. The flame center zone brightness of the propellant containing nmAl+PA and nmAl+NA is brighter under 4 MPa, and the brightness of nmAl+NA is the brightest. The surface coating of aluminum nanopowder has little effect on the combustion flame temperature of solid propellant. The burning surface temperature increases with the pressure increasing.

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De, Bishnu Prasad, Rajib Kar, Durbadal Mandal, and Sakti Prasad Ghoshal. "Design of Optimal CMOS Inverter for Symmetric Switching Characteristics Using Firefly Algorithm with Wavelet Mutation." International Journal of Swarm Intelligence Research 5, no. 2 (2014): 29–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsir.2014040103.

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In this article, a population based meta-heuristic search method called Firefly Algorithm with Wavelet Mutation (FAWM) is applied for the optimal switching characterization of CMOS inverter. In Firefly Algorithm (FA), behaviour of flashing firefly towards its competent mate is structured. In this algorithm attractiveness depends on brightness of light and brighter fireflies are considered as more attractive among the population. For the present minimization based optimization problem, brightness varies inversely proportional to the error fitness value, so the position of the brightest firefly gives the optimum result corresponding to the least error fitness in multidimensional search space. FAWM incorporates a new definition of swarm updating with the help of wavelet mutation based on wavelet theory. Wavelet mutation enhances the FA to explore the solution space more effectively compared with the other optimization methods. The performance of FAWM is compared with real coded genetic algorithm (RGA), and conventional PSO reported in the literature. FAWM based design results are also compared with the PSPICE results. The comparative simulation results establish the FAWM as a more competent optimization algorithm to other aforementioned evolutionary algorithms for the examples considered and can be efficiently used for CMOS inverter design.

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Ferrarese, Laura, and Patrick Côté. "The structure of early-type galaxies from the ACS Virgo and Fornax cluster surveys: cores, nuclei and supermassive black holes." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 3, S245 (2007): 203–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921308017651.

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AbstractThe core structure of early-type galaxies is revisited in light of recent results from the ACS Virgo and Fornax Cluster Surveys. These surveys are comprised of HST/ACS g, z band images for a representative sample of 143 early-type galaxies, spanning a factor 720 in B-band luminosity. The data indicates a clear transition in the core structure going from the brightest to the faintest galaxies. In contrast to previous claims, however, this transition is found to be a continuous function of galaxy magnitude. We characterize the core structure in terms of deviations of the observed surface brightness profile – measured within ~ 2% of the galaxy effective radius – relative to the inner extrapolation of the Sérsic law that best fits the profiles on larger scales. Virtually all galaxies fainter than MB ~ −20 mag contain distinct stellar nuclei, and are described by surface brightness profiles that lie above the Sérsic extrapolation, while the reverse is true for brighter galaxies. The latter are also known to host supermassive black holes. A relation between SBHs and stellar nuclei is suggested by the fact that both types of “central massive objects” contain the same fraction, 0.2% of the total mass of the host galaxy.

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Shcherbo, Dmitry, Christopher S. Murphy, Galina V. Ermakova, et al. "Far-red fluorescent tags for protein imaging in living tissues." Biochemical Journal 418, no. 3 (2009): 567–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj20081949.

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A vast colour palette of monomeric fluorescent proteins has been developed to investigate protein localization, motility and interactions. However, low brightness has remained a problem in far-red variants, which hampers multicolour labelling and whole-body imaging techniques. In the present paper, we report mKate2, a monomeric far-red fluorescent protein that is almost 3-fold brighter than the previously reported mKate and is 10-fold brighter than mPlum. The high-brightness, far-red emission spectrum, excellent pH resistance and photostability, coupled with low toxicity demonstrated in transgenic Xenopus laevis embryos, make mKate2 a superior fluorescent tag for imaging in living tissues. We also report tdKatushka2, a tandem far-red tag that performs well in fusions, provides 4-fold brighter near-IR fluorescence compared with mRaspberry or mCherry, and is 20-fold brighter than mPlum. Together, monomeric mKate2 and pseudo-monomeric tdKatushka2 represent the next generation of extra-bright far-red fluorescent probes offering novel possibilities for fluorescent imaging of proteins in living cells and animals.

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Hughes, David W. "Possible Mechanisms for Cometary Outbursts." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 116, no. 2 (1991): 825–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100012732.

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Abstract.A cometary outburst is an unexpected flare-up in the brightness of a comet, with the brightness normally increasing by 2 to 3 magnitudes, but on occasion by up to 5. This outburst is superimposed on the general change in brightness that is related to the comet’s heliocentric and geocentric distance, spin phase, spin axis orientation and activity geography. The brightness variation during outbursts usually has an abrupt, eruptive onset followed by a quasi-exponential decrease and lasts for a few tens of days. Several cometary outbursts are accompanied by the expansion of a spherical halo from the brightest point at the centre of the visible cometary coma.

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Jones, Paul A., and W. Bruce McAdam. "The Head—Tail Radio Galaxy B1610—605." Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia 11, no. 1 (1994): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s132335800001972x.

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AbstractThe radio galaxy B1610–605 within the Abell cluster A3627 has a low-brightness tail extending at least 26 arcmin from the nucleus of the 14 · 5m galaxy. The structure of this tail has been explored using observations with the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope (MOST) and the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA). We present details of the brightness, width and alignment of the tail. The single tail expands and brightens rapidly within 2 arcmin of the nucleus. Confinement by the pressure of the cluster medium maintains a low but constant brightness for the tail between 10 and 25 arcmin. There are indications of turbulence down the tail but the position of the ridge remains within 1 · 6 arcmin of the initial alignment throughout its length.

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Дисертації з теми "Brightnes"

Trevarthen, Geo Athena. "Brightness of brightness : seeing Celtic shamanism." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/1700.

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Early Irish literature, other Celtic literatures and later folklore are rich with descriptions of personal contact with the sacred. The Otherworld, or spiritual aspect of reality, is a constant and vivid presence in the legends. This reality does not seem distant, but rather, always ready to break through into physical reality, transforming those who encounter it. In earlier times, druids, and sometimes heroes and saints, seem to function fully as shamans as described by Mircea Eliade in his definitive work on shamanism, undertaking spirit journeys into the Otherworld. and returning with gifts for their people. In later times, when overtly primal shamanic practice was increasingly repressed, personal contact with the sacred became in many cases less defined and more individual. However, we continue to see contact with the Otherworld in folklore. hagiography and the mystical experiences fostered by later spiritual movements. While scholars such as Carey, Nagy and Melia have recognised and explored some of the shamanic themes present in Early Irish literature, the full complex of these themes, along with their implications for our understanding of Early Irish and Celtic culture, have not yet been hlly examined. A holistic approach to these difficult issues indicates that one must not just dissect the texts themselves for meaning, but take into account the research of archaeologists, anthropologists, psychologists and neuroscientists as well as Celticists. By doing so, I hope to show not only the evidence for Celtic shamanism itself, but suggest possible fbnctions of shamanic experience in Early Irish, and more broadly, Celtic culture, Because shamanic traditions typically have a clear cosmology and ideas about spiritual growth, I have also considered if the early Irish and, more broadly, the Celts may have had such a cosmology and ideas of harmonising with the sacred they came into such intense contact with.

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Ковальська, Вікторія Володимирівна. "Analysis of the light pollution in the city of Kyiv." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. https://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/49682.

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Робота публікується згідно наказу ректора від 21.01.2020 р. №008/од "Про перевірку кваліфікаційних робіт на академічний плагіат у 2019-2020 навчальному році". Керівник роботи: доцент кафедри екології, к.т.н., Радомська Маргарита Мирославівна<br>Object of research – processes of pollution formation under the influence of artificial light sources. Aim оf work – assessment of the light pollution level and its impact on environment. Mehods of research: methods of analysis of sky by Bortle scale; comparative analysis of the obtained values of light level in the Kyiv city<br>У наш час штучні джерела світла є невід’ємною частиною сучасні міста. Однак проблема полягає в тому, що їх кількість значно перевищує необхідну забезпечити достатній рівень освітлення на вулицях міста. У наш час проблема світла забруднення міст стає все більш важливим, оскільки це питання погано регулюється досудовий рівень. А вплив світлового забруднення відчуває і населення міста, і біота в цілому.

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Naidoo, Darryl. "High brightness lasers." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97044.

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Robinson, Alan Edward. "Mechanisms of brightness perception." Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3372643.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.<br>Title from first page of PDF file (viewed Oct. 7, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 57-58).

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Lim, Jun Jun. "Investigation of factors influencing the brightness of high-power, high-brightness laser diodes." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404050.

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Bulen, Jay C. "Brightness measures of trombone timbre /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/11279.

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Miller, Ian Patrick. "The brightened." College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/1554.

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Thesis (M.F.A.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2004.<br>Thesis research directed by: Dept. of English. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Mackenzie, Jacob Isa. "High-brightness diode-pumped waveguide lasers." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2003. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/15482/.

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Reported in this thesis are advances toward high-brightness diode-pumped planar waveguide (PW) lasers. Efficient and compact planar waveguide lasers are made possible by their geometry, which is compatible with that of high-power diode lasers, has very good thermal management characteristics, and delivers high optical gains per unit pump power. Thus using the waveguide structure in conjunction with trivalent rare-earth ions, multi-Watt diffraction-limited operation of weak and quasi-three-level laser transitions can be obtained. Large mode area (LMA) double-clad planar waveguides, fabricated via direct bonding sapphire and YAG, are the primary structures investigated herein. These high numerical aperture waveguides are ideally suited to high-power diode-pumping due to a combination of features related to their slab-like configuration. Furthermore the LMA double-clad planar waveguide is shown to robustly select the fundamental waveguide mode. This general result leads to guided-diffraction-limited output, applicable to a range of oscillating wavelengths. Two in-plane pumping geometries are detailed; longitudinal or end-pumping and transverse or side-pumping. For end-pumping, the pump is conditioned in one axis to enable launching into the waveguide, and at the same time the free space axis is matched to the fundamental mode of a simple monolithic laser cavity. As such, efficient end-pumped operation of Nd:YAG, Yb:YAG, and Er:YAG LMA-PW lasers were realised. With Nd:YAG for 7.5W of absorbed pump power, 4.3W of CW 1.064µm output was observed. Changing the resonator mirrors to optimise the quasi-three level transition an output of 3.5W at 946nm was measured, corresponding to 6.5W of absorbed pump. In addition the much weaker and rarely studied 1.8µm transition, operated with as much as 0.4W. In a similar configuration, 0.45W of 2.7µm CW output was obtained from a highly doped Er:YAG LMA-PW with 4.6W of absorbed pump power. As the first Er:YAG waveguide laser to be reported, it illustrates the possibility to obtain high output power and good beam quality from weak laser transitions with these structures. Furthermore by integrating a Cr4+ saturable absorber into a Yb:YAG LMA-PW, an end-pumped passively Q-switched laser was demonstrated with 2.3W average power at 1.03µm in a near-diffraction-limited beam. Pulses of ~2ns temporal width at repetition rates approaching 80kHz produced peak powers of ~20kW. Operation of a similar Nd:YAG LMA PW laser, on both the 1.064µm and 946nm transitions, was also demonstrated and its performance shown to be inferior to that of the Yb3+doped structure in this pumping configuration. Using the side-pumping scheme higher-powers can be obtained, typically however, at the expense of the resonator complexity when trying to obtain high brightness performance. As such a monolithic Tm:YAG LMA-PW laser, pumped by two proximity-coupled diode bars, produced 15W at 2µm with an asymmetric low brightness beam, despite being diffraction-limited in the guided axis. In addition two separate Nd:YAG LMA-PW lasers were trialled with unstable and external resonator geometries. Watt level output powers with significantly enhanced brightness were observed. Further designs for power scaling these devices are discussed.

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Rosenbaum, Dominik. "Low surface brightness galaxies and their environments." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=979834880.

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Книги з теми "Brightnes"

National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Ciba-Geigy, McIntosh, Alabama. U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1995.

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Winters, Richard. Brightness. Impatiens, 1993.

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Outram, Richard Daley. Brightness. Gauntlet Press, 1998.

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Nancy, Schuster, ed. Teens with talent: Developing the potential of the bright, brighter, and brightest. Open Space Communications, 1996.

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Brightness falls. Bloomsbury, 1992.

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Absolute brightness. HarperTeen, 2008.

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Brightness falls. Penguin, 1993.

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Carol, Williams. Brightness remembered. Picton Press, 2001.

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Частини книг з теми "Brightnes"

Gooch, Jan W. "Brightness." In Encyclopedic Dictionary of Polymers. Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-6247-8_1581.

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Weik, Martin H. "brightness." In Computer Science and Communications Dictionary. Springer US, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-0613-6_1862.

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Harvey, Lewis O. "Brightness." In Sensory System I. Birkhäuser Boston, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6647-6_5.

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Godfrey, B. B., and T. P. Hughes. "High-Current Electron-Beam Transport in Recirculating Accelerators." In High-Brightness Accelerators. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5508-3_12.

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Miller, R. B. "High-Current Electron-Beam Transport in Linear Induction Accelerators." In High-Brightness Accelerators. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5508-3_13.

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Buzzi, J. M. "Requirements on the Beam for MM- and Sub-MM-Wave Generation." In High-Brightness Accelerators. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5508-3_14.

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Keller, Roderich. "Brightness Limits for Ion Sources." In High-Brightness Accelerators. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5508-3_15.

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Wangler, Thomas P. "Brightness Limits in Linear Ion Accelerators." In High-Brightness Accelerators. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5508-3_16.

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Laclare, Jean-Louis. "Beam-Current Limits in Circular Accelerators and Storage Ring Longitudinal Coasting Beam Instabilities." In High-Brightness Accelerators. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5508-3_17.

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Green, T. S. "Injectors and Ion Sources." In High-Brightness Accelerators. Springer US, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-5508-3_18.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Brightnes"

Бирюков, Елисей, Elisey Birukov, Михаил Копылов, Mikhail Kopylov, Анастасия Хлюпина, and Anastasiya Khlupina. "Correction of Color Saturation for Tone Mapping Operator." In 29th International Conference on Computer Graphics, Image Processing and Computer Vision, Visualization Systems and the Virtual Environment GraphiCon'2019. Bryansk State Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/graphicon-2019-2-58-61.

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This article reviews the problems of color saturation correction during dynamic range compression of images. Special attention is drawn to emulation of human vision and photo cameras effects during processing of the images which have very bright areas (with brightness more than an order of magnitude greater than average brightness of the rest of the image). A method of desaturation of the brightest parts of images is suggested. This method provides lowering of the color saturation of each pixel depending on the pixel brightness. The improved method lowers saturation only of the brightest parts of an image. The size of the desaturated part of the image should not exceed 25% of the size of an entire image.

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Fogarty, Ian, Tracey Winey, John Howe, Gareth Hancox, and David Whyley. "Engineering brightness: Using STEM to brighten hearts and minds." In 2016 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isecon.2016.7457553.

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Fogarty, Ethan, Seth Fogarty, Matt Gaudet, et al. "Engineering brightness: Using STEM to brighten hearts and minds." In 2016 IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/isecon.2016.7457559.

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Liu, Xia, and Yan Zhang. "Effect of Color Brightness Change on Interface Balance." In Intelligent Human Systems Integration (IHSI 2022) Integrating People and Intelligent Systems. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001069.

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In web design, important text information is placed in the visual center of people, when there is too much information, it will cause the imbalance of interface layout. Color plays an important role in interface balance as a per-ceptive element. This paper introduces the experimental study on the effect of color brightness on interface balance. In this experiment, 11 geometric images were designed to verify the effect of brightness on the balance sub-ject score by changing the brightness properties only. The results of the ex-periment showed that compared with the reference image (50% of bright-ness), male and female subjects gave a score lower than the reference image when the image brightness was less than 50% or higher, and the test image was greater than 50%, and the score decreased linearly with the decrease of the image brightness.

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Feng, Kai, Luoxi Hao, and Shujian Dai. "A LABORATORY STUDY ON VISUAL AND EMOTIONAL COMFORT EVALUATION OF LED WIDE BEAM ANGLE LAMPS : TAKING 3000K/ 4000K / 5000 K LINEAR LAMPS AS RESEARCH OBJECT." In CIE 2021 Conference. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x48.2021.po59.

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LED wide beam angle lamps have been widely used but might leading to glare or light pollution easily than traditional floodlighting lamps. Standards for wide beam angle products is not enough and a laboratory experiment was carried out in which visual and emotional comfort was used as evaluation items. 3 linear lamps (3000K/4000K/5000K) were used to evaluate emotional and visual comfort changes by performing different brightness or dynamic speed. Results showed that both brightness and dynamic speed could lead to negative feelings while emotional discomfort always occurs behind the eye’s discomfort. A higher brightness could leading to more negative evaluations, while some people think that medium brightness gives a more comfort feeling. A faster speed leads to more negative evaluation while some subjects prefer a medium speed (both in shading and erasure situations); In different lighting scenes, the significance of different indicators is different.

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Koreng, Regina, and Heidi Krömker. "Augmented Reality Interface: Guidelines for the Design of Contrast Ratios." In ASME 2019 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2019-97341.

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Abstract As part of the quality assurance process in industrial production, employees make hundreds of decisions every day based on their experience and the given inspection specifications. The detection of quality deviations currently depends on the individual competence of the persons involved in the production process. With the automatic recognition of textured surfaces in camera images, valuable information can be given to support these persons in their decisions. For the design of augmented reality systems, the cognitive decision-making processes are first described in a model-based way and the requirements for design of the decision-making process are defined. The different lighting environments in the industrial process represent one of the important requirements of the augmented reality system, to function independently of the lighting. The good perceptibility of the information is the basic requirement for the recognition of contents. When implementing an augmented reality system, it is problematic to consider the different illuminance levels in a room. Depending on the task at hand, usually, the light at a machine is weaker and brighter in the quality control area. It is important that user-centered implementation is observed. Manual intervention by the end user in the augmented reality system is necessary to compensate for differences in brightness. This paper examines different lighting environments and the degree to which the user can clearly see content. An empirical evaluation is conducted to examine the clarity of content in AR. The aim is to find out how the difference in contrast at different lighting situations influences the differences in brightness of colors. The colors are chosen to display content but also to emphasize content. As a result, a usage recommendation can be made for grey values as well as for different color values. The consequence of this investigation is then used for the further development of sample solutions for the design of an augmented reality system. The focus lies on the user-centered development process and thus the integration of user requirements into the technical implementation should be ensured. The perceptibility of the information in an augmented reality system should not only play a role technically, but also physically. The perception of information is omnipresent, so one can perceive our environment. With the help of the study, a natural and easy perception of information should take place, which supports the recognition of important information in the everyday working environment.

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Neumann, Andreas, Andreas Witzke, Scott A. Jones, and Gregor Schmitt. "Representative Terrestrial Solar Brightness Profiles." In ASME Solar 2002: International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sed2002-1069.

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Solar thermal energy systems often use optical imaging concentrators. The image size and shape produced in the focal plane of the concentrator system depends on the solar brightness distribution. Therefore, the forward scattering of solar radiation by the Earth’s atmosphere modifies the solar brightness distribution and creates a circumsolar aureole. The circumsolar ratio, the energy contained in the solar aureole compared to the total solar energy, can have an impact on the performance of these concentrating systems. Based on about 2300 sunshape measurements from sites in France, Germany and Spain made with a camera system developed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR), average solar brightness profiles with a circumsolar ratio of about 0%, 5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40% were generated. These profiles are compared to the measurements taken by the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) in the late 1970’s and a commonly used limb-darkened solar brightness profile, as known from astronomy. A statistical analysis gives information on the frequency of occurrence of each of the average profiles. The profiles combined with the statistical weight should offer a numerical database for calculating the influence of variable conditions of the sunlight scattering on solar concentrating systems. Furthermore, a single average profile was calculated from the DLR data.

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Sasajima, Y., Y. Miyake, K. Ogasawara, Y. Oe, and N. Yoshizawa. "SOFTNESS OF LIGHT PASSING THROUGH WINDOWS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH LUMINANCE GRADIENT." In CIE 2021 Conference. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x48.2021.po47.

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Architects and users frequently use window coverings, such as frosted glasses, shoji screens, and lace curtains to create high quality of light. This kind of light is sometimes called “soft light”, and most people feel that it is required in residential spaces. However, the term “soft light” is somewhat vague, and we do not accurately understand what is the “soft light” and how we can create it. The aim of this research is to derive a physical indicator of "ambiguity of brightness-darkness boundary”, which is one of factors for judging the softness of light. We conducted a subjective experiment with 53 evaluation items including the “ambiguity of brightness-darkness boundary” in various actual daylighting spaces. It was found that "ambiguity of brightness-darkness boundary", was not highly evaluated when the average value of the luminance change rate on the wall is high.

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Khader, Rana G., and Reza Sadr. "Effect of Non Uniform Out-of-Plane Illumination and Shear Rate on the Accuracy of nPIV Velocity Measurements." In ASME 2010 8th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels collocated with 3rd Joint US-European Fluids Engineering Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm-icnmm2010-30567.

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Nano-particle image velocimetry (nPIV) uses evanescent-wave illumination to measure two velocity components, U and V, tangent to the wall in a region with thickness of order of hundred nano meters. In this region the illumination intensity decays exponentially with distance normal to the wall, z, and hence tracers closer to the wall have “brighter” and “bigger” images than those that are further away, i.e. at larger z. Moreover fluid velocity varies in this region with z and hence tracers at different distance from the wall move at different speeds. Furthermore, Brownian displacement of particle tracers in this region is comparable to the displacement due to the fluid convection. The variation in the displacement of particle images in this region, with different brightness and velocities, can bias the near-wall velocities obtained using standard correlation based PIV method. Artificial nPIV images of nano particle in a flow field with linear out of plane velocity profile were used in this work to investigate the impact of these issues upon the accuracy of nPIV data. Uniform and Gaussian random distribution noise were added to the images to simulate electronic noise and shot noise, respectively. The artificial images were obtained and processed for various experimental parameters to incorporate different illumination profile and shear rates. The results demonstrate that non-uniform illumination affects the bias in the estimated tracer velocity for the shear flow. Non-uniform intensity also affects the bias due to Brownian diffusion; however, correction for Brownian diffusion can reduce this bias error.

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Lu, Kexin, Shengchao Li, Chengqi Xue, and Lei Zhou*. "Influence of Brightness and Saturation of the Background Color of the Computer Icons on the Matching Color Aesthetics." In Human Systems Engineering and Design (IHSED 2021) Future Trends and Applications. AHFE International, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001137.

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This article mainly explores the influence of brightness and saturation of the background color of the computer icons on the matching color aesthetics. The color of an icon has a crucial effect on its aesthetics. In this study, a total of 72 icons were experimentally evaluated. The experimental results are compared with the conclusions of the matching color aesthetic calculation model. Finally, from this pilot study, we can receive a conclusion that the saturation of the background color has a certain effect on the matching color aesthetic of the icon. However, due to the discrepancy between the results of the brightness experiment and the conclusions of the model, the effect of the brightness on the matching color aesthetic of the icon still needs further research and exploration. Besides, the experimental results show that changes in the shape of the logo in the icon will also have an impact on the evaluation of the aesthetic.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Brightnes"

Bedford, Robert, Saima Husaini, Charles Reyner, and Tuoc Dang. Tunable High Brightness Semiconductor Sources. Defense Technical Information Center, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada615872.

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Author, Not Given. High Brightness Superconducting RF Gun Cavity. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1484279.

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Perry, M. D. Ultrahigh-brightness lasers and their applications. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5520699.

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Jones, Gary. High Brightness Emissive Miniature Display Development. Defense Technical Information Center, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada418126.

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Cremer, J. T., Melvin, A. Piestrup, Charles, K. Gary, et al. High Brightness Neutron Source for Radiography. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/943506.

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Schmerge, John. The Physics and Applications of High Brightness Beams: Working Group A Summary on High Brightness Beam Production. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/812966.

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Milazzo, Damien Michael. Mapping The Brightness Of The Ocean Bottoms. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1244323.

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Borland, M. A high-brightness thermionic microwave electron gun. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7068490.

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Borland, Michael. A high-brightness thermionic microwave electron gun. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10164508.

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Boyd, J. K., and V. K. Neil. Electron beam brightness with field immersed emission. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6369432.

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