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Radnić, Jure, Domagoj Matešan, and Ivan Banović. "Bridges with multiple structural systems: The example of Trilj Bridge reconstruction in Croatia." Bridge Structures 17, no. 1-2 (June 11, 2021): 65–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/brs-210185.
Development of multiple structural systems for bridges is useful in the design of new bridges and rehabilitation of existing bridges. This paper briefly presents some existing bridges with multiple structural systems and succinctly discusses design ideas for bridges with such systems. As an example of a bridge with multiple structural systems, the paper presents the reconstruction of a pedestrian suspension bridge in the City of Trilj, Croatia. The new bridge’s load-bearing structure is composed of several structural systems. Namely, the reconstructed bridge is a combination of suspension, cable-stayed and stress-ribbon bridge, which is laterally restrained with horizontal tensioned ropes. Numerical analysis was conducted on the renovated bridge. The results have shown an acceptable levels of stresses and deflections verifying the structural safety of the restored bridge. It is believed that this example of the bridge renovation may be useful in the design of new and strengthening of existing similar bridges.
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Ivanov, Martin. "Instantaneous field measurements of thermal bridge parameters in ground floor residential room." E3S Web of Conferences 112 (2019): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201911201016.
The “thermal bridges” are defined as an isolated building’s areas, where the construction elements have higher thermal conductivity, compared with the rest of the building envelope. Thus, at cold winter conditions, a significant temperature difference may occur between neighbouring solid and air volumes within the construction. Moreover, it has been documented, that the heating energy demand of a building may be increased with more than 30%, due to the existence of thermal bridges and the increased heat losses from the indoors. Consequently, in the recent years, norms and standards have been developed, for avoiding thermal bridges during the building design process. But still, thermal bridges exist in the indoor environment, especially in older buildings, where no energy efficient measures have been applied. That is why, the presented study focuses on instantaneous field measurements of thermal bridge parameters in real existing ground floor residential room. The thermal bridge propagation is analysed relative to the indoor and outdoor air temperature and relative humidity, as well as with infrared thermal images of the affected external walls. The achieved results give valuable information about the generic conditions for thermal bridge existence, without considering the building envelope properties.
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Alhawari, A., and P. Mukhopadhyaya. "Thermal bridges in building envelopes – An overview of impacts and solutions." International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering 9, no. 1 (June 2018): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/1848.2018.9.1.5.
Increasing building energy performance has become an obligatory objective in many countries. Thermal bridge is a major cause of poor energy performance, durability, and indoor air quality of buildings. This paper starts with a review of thermal bridges and their negative impacts on building energy efficiency. Based on published literatures, various types of building thermal bridges are discussed in this paper, including the most effective solutions to diminish their impacts. In addition, various numerical and experimental studies on the balcony thermal bridge are explored. Results show that among all types of thermal bridges, the exposed balcony slab produces the most challenging thermal bridging problem where an integrated thermal and structural design is required. Using low thermal conductivity materials in building construction could help in reducing the impact of thermal bridges. Finally, further investigations are needed to develop more innovative and effective solutions for the balcony thermal bridge.
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Bartholomew, Laura. "Building bridges." Mental Health Practice 2, no. 6 (March 1, 1999): 20–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/mhp.2.6.20.s16.
Young people who go missing from school through non-attendance is not a new phenomenon and continues to challenge government policy makers and researchers. The research literature in the area has tended to look at deficits either of the young person, parent, school, society or various combinations therein-much of it developed from looking in on their lives as opposed to eliciting the unique views of those who are living those lives. This research project aims to redress this by eliciting the unique perspectives of the young people and their parents on the factors involved, in the young person going missing from school and the issues which this raises for them. It aims to analyse these factors and issues from an ecological and social capital perspective, exploring whether adopting such an analysis can inform an intervention approach to support their route back into education or training. A significant barrier identified was their lack of social capital in relation to knowledge of possible educational options available to them, and a lack of support to help navigate their route back into some form of education or training. Based on this, the researcher adopted a curative approach (Kinder & Kendall, 2005) using the social capital concept of linking social capital as a practical intervention. This involved an intervention with the researcher acting as a linking social tie to bridge the young people back into education or training. The research project adopted a social constructionist perspective and took the form of a qualitative exploratory study, which employed structured discussions and a multiple case study approach (Yin, 2003). The contributors to the research project were a group of young people (n-10), in Year 3 or Year 4 of a Scottish secondary school, who were aged 13 to 15 years. They comprised 6 males and 4 females. Their attendance had diminished to such an extent that school staff felt that they would be unlikely to return to a secondary school. The young people’s parents (n-10) also contributed to the research process. Following the intervention, seven of the ten young people returned to an education or a vocational placement. Implications for schools and professional practice are discussed, as are opportunities for further research.
Sazonov, Eduard S. "A case study for building an automated damage detection system." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 1999. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1000.
Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 1999. Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 429 p. : ill. (some col.). Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 117-118).
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Ayrton, Kim E. "Building bridges, sustainable development and corporate community investment." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0016/MQ47671.pdf.
Hames, Paul D. "Building bridges, future policing on the Saanich Peninsula." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/MQ49179.pdf.
Bowen, Sandra Kay. "Building bridges: Case studies in literacy and deafness." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289059.
Reading is an area that has concerned educators who work with students who are deaf or hard of hearing for many years. Studies from the 1960s to the present have concluded that students who are deaf read at lower levels than their hearing counterparts. The purpose of this study is to investigate the reading strategies used by students who are deaf, as they comprehend the written text. This study focuses on the strengths of individual students who are deaf, as they realize their potential as efficient readers and writers of a language they cannot hear. Qualitative case study research design initiated and guided this investigation. Through observations, interviews, and miscue analysis, I investigated two students' reading strategies. I was interested in the students' perspectives of their reading strategies, reading strengths, and thoughts about the reading process. Using constant comparative method of reading, organizing, and coding the data, an understanding of the students' reading strategies developed. A significant implication from this study is that students who are deaf use similar reading strategies as students with normal hearing in each of the three reading comprehension categories, predicting, sampling, and confirming. However, findings also and translation of the text from English to ASL, to assist their comprehension. Further research into each of these areas is warranted.
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Mann, Abbey, Stacey L. Williams, Stephenie R. Chaudoir, John Pachankis, Sarah A. Job, Emma G. Freick, Bryon D. Brooks, and Jameson K. Hirsch. "Building Electronic Bridges to Hard to Reach Populations." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2018. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6443.
Despite advances in online research methods, there are still significant challenges in sampling certain populations. These challenges include the concealed nature of stigmatized identities, lack of access to the internet, or living in rural or remote geographic locations. In this interactive discussion, we will focus on research with hard-to-reach populations, and successes and challenges encountered while using online methods to recruit participants and gather data. Each of the presenters will briefly talk about different experiences recruiting sexual and gender minority participants in rural areas using online methods. We welcome researchers who have worked with other hard-to reach population, those who are interested in doing so, and those who have used other methods of sampling and data collection using new technology to share their experiences. We will also break into small groups to discuss how recruitment and data collection are made more complex when targeting multiple intersecting marginalized identity statuses that, combined, make them particularly vulnerable to being understudied. Finally, we will collaboratively construct a list of strategies and resources to share with session attendees at the conclusion of the session.
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Noordijk, Peter Andrew. "Building Bridges with Social Capital in the European Union." PDXScholar, 2013. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/1091.
A culture of accommodation and tolerance is a necessary part of establishing and preserving a functional multi-national and multi-ethnic European Union. Civil society organizations and their associated social capital have been shown to foster civic capacity and achievement of public policy goals. However, social capital that is based on group identity can also contribute to a sense of intolerance towards out-groups, undermining the stated tolerance objectives of the social pillar of the European Union. States with a strong presence alongside civil society are expected to be curb the development of the exclusionary bonding form of social capital in favor of bridging social capital which will improve progress toward policy goals.
This study tests the link between government capacity, social capital and tolerance using data from the 1990-2009 waves of the World Values Survey and European Values Study. Using path analysis and multi-level models of the relationships between political capacity, social capital and intolerance, the model establishes that government capacity enhances bridging social capital and which increases social tolerance. The study fills a gap in understanding how government capacity and policy can result in improved social capital even with greater diversity. A proposed relationship between political capacity and bonding forms of social capital was not supported.
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Corry, Diarmuid. "BUILDING BRIDGES: LINKING CAIS TO ETHERNET AND OTHER PROTOCOLS." International Foundation for Telemetering, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605591.
International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 20-23, 2003 / Riviera Hotel and Convention Center, Las Vegas, Nevada The technologies used for flight test are evolving. Trusted standards like CAIS and
IRIG106 PCM are giving way to new “trusted standards” (and proven
technologies/protocols) found in telecommunication and networking such as Ethernet,
fiber channel, TCP/IP, UDP, ATM and so on.
Currently there is $100Ms+ invested in CAIS and IRIG compliant equipment in the
world. A key challenge in this evolution is to provide a reliable solution that allows the
FTI engineer to immediately take advantage of these advanced technologies while
protecting prior investment in equipment, knowledge, and resources during this
transition. This paper presents an analysis of how to protect existing assets while still
leveraging the power of the latest technologies. It looks at the characteristics of a
“bridge” system, and suggests solutions for merging and linking data from and to
different transmission protocols using data synchronization and deterministic data
management cycles.
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Granström, Sofia. "Crossing borders and Building bridges : Young women in peacebuilding." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-296445.
This qualitative, interpretative, interview study is conducted with six young female Kosovar-Albanian and Serbian participants from a peacebuilding, dialogue and training program called Young Women’s Peace Academy. It aims at answering what made the young women who participated so “successful” in breaking antagonism, in spite of the tensions that exist in the post-conflict society they live in. More specifically it is looking at how ethnicity, gender and age interact in the process of peacebuilding to fine-grain theory.
Kosnik, Clare, Simone White, Clive Beck, Bethan Marshall, A. Lin Goodwin, and Jean Murray, eds. Building Bridges. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-491-6.
Grötschel, Martin, Gyula O. H. Katona, and Gábor Sági, eds. Building Bridges. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-85221-6.
Belzen, Jacob A. "Building Bridges." In Towards Cultural Psychology of Religion, 3–19. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3491-5_1.
Schuh, Christian, Michael F. Strohmer, Stephen Easton, Armin Scharlach, and Peter Scharbert. "Building Bridges." In The CPO, 122–27. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4302-4963-4_23.
Kanematsu, Hideyuki, and Dana M. Barry. "Building Bridges." In Intelligent Systems Reference Library, 113–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19234-5_16.
Patel, Manjula. "Building bridges." In Collaborative Practice in Palliative Care, 59–68. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351113472-6.
Schutz, Aaron. "Building Bridges?" In Social Class, Social Action, and Education, 221–27. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230113572_9.
Stein Smith, Sean. "Building Bridges." In Shifting from Accounting Practitioner to Academia, 171–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67546-2_7.
Bullock, Shawn. "Digital Technologies in Teacher Education." In Building Bridges, 3–16. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-491-6_1.
White, Simone, and Jean Murray. "Fostering Professional Learning Partnerships in Literacy Teacher Education." In Building Bridges, 135–48. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6300-491-6_10.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Building of bridges":
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Mayer, Marie, and Frank Poduska. "Building bridges." In the 29th annual ACM SIGUCCS conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/500956.501020.
Marghitu, Daniela, and Amber Wagner. "Building Bridges." In SIGCSE '17: The 48th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3017680.3022428.
Honeycutt, Thomas L., and David R. Wright. "Building bridges." In the 24th annual conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1166324.1166327.
Dourish, Paul, John Lamping, and Tom Rodden. "Building bridges." In the international ACM SIGGROUP conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/320297.320299.
Underwood, Richard. "Building Bridges." In PEARC17: Practice and Experience in Advanced Research Computing 2017. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3093338.3093339.
Coughlan, Tim, Rebecca Pitt, and Patrick McAndrew. "Building open bridges." In CHI '13: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2470654.2466127.
Groeli, Robert. "Building 8500+ Trail Bridges in the Himalayas." In Footbridge 2022 (Madrid): Creating Experience. Madrid, Spain: Asociación Española de Ingeniería Estructural, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24904/footbridge2022.125.
<p>Mobility is one of the most challenging fundamentals of rural livelihood in the Himalayan hills and mountains. More than 8500 trail bridges, comprising an overall span-length of about 650 kilometers have been constructed to date, saving millions of walking hours for people living in the rural Himalayan areas. Previously, crossing rivers was dangerous and sometimes impossible, especially in the rainy season. These bridges created vital connections which enabled children to go to school and people to access public services and visit medical centers and sanctuaries. They also boost local economic output by reducing the effort required to run local farms, gather crops and visit regional markets.</p><p>Fig. 1:The struggles and dangers of crossing a river and its solution</p><p>Swiss technical assistance for rural trail bridges started in the early sixties with the construction of a few suspension bridges in the hill areas of Nepal. In 1964 the Nepalese Government established the Suspension Bridge Division (SBD), and starting in 1972 the Swiss Government began providing continuous technical and financial assistance. Similarly, the Public Works Department in Bhutan initiated a country wide trail bridge construction program in 1971 for which assistance was provided from 1985-2010. Exchanges of experiences between these programs created a collaborative environment where new ideas could be evaluated and tested in the field. After SBD initially developed the basic technical norms, design parameters and standard designs suitable for long-span bridges, demand for simpler shorter span bridges rose tremendously. This prompted the program to develop “community executable bridge designs” adapted to the local skills and materials while conforming to established engineering standards. As a result, cost-effective, easy to implement technologies and community-based approaches were developed, which have been replicated in numerous countries leading to multiple successful partnerships in international development cooperation.</p><p>The purpose of this paper is to highlight the following outcomes of the trail bridge-program:</p><ul><li><p>Standardized cost-effective trail bridge designs based on local capabilities and bridge-building techniques</p></li><li><p>Published of manuals, technical drawings and teaching resources for design, construction and fabrication</p></li><li><p>Engaged local communities in the construction, operation and maintenance of trail bridges</p></li><li><p>Compiled comprehensive trail bridge directory for planning, monitoring and maintenance</p></li><li><p>Established Sector Wide Approach (SWAp) with institutional frameworks at national and local level</p></li><li><p>‘South-South Cooperation’ with Bhutan, Tanzania, Ethiopia, Indonesia, Laos, Burundi, Honduras, Guatemala</p></li></ul>
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Vodden, Alice. "The drivers of overdiagnosis within modern healthcare systems - An interdisciplinary analysis." In Building Bridges in Medical Science 2021. Cambridge Medicine Journal, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7244/cmj.2021.03.001.5.
“Overdiagnosis” - when people are labelled with or treated for a disease that would never cause them harm - is increasingly highlighted as a significant issue within contemporary healthcare, yet one which to date, has received little attention outside of the medical context. As a society, our collective enthusiasm to diagnose and treat disease has paradoxically been shown to potentially do more harm than good, impacting individuals whilst simultaneously increasing financial costs to the health system. As health systems across the world continue to face unprecedented pressures, tackling this phenomenon represents an important step in reducing the proliferation of low-value care inherent within the practice of modern medicine, and contributing towards the development of sustainable health systems. This research represents the first interdisciplinary analysis of the factors contributing towards overdiagnosis within modern healthcare systems. The analysis finds that individual disciplines of a medical and non-medical origin elude to important insights in relation to the drivers of overdiagnosis which are not necessarily reflected across multiple disciplines. Drivers identified within literature which lies beyond the medical context likely represent new knowledge in relation to the causes of overdiagnosis, and collectively provide a starting point from which to consider the role of patients and clinicians in influencing overdiagnosis, the nature of the interaction between the drivers of overdiagnosis, and the role of the different models of health in providing a unique perspective of the wider phenomenon. These findings highlight the importance of interdisciplinarity within health research and contribute towards efforts to reduce the rise of low value care within modern healthcare, fostering the development of sustainable health systems.
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Costa, Leonardo, Jürgen Haas, Henriette Rudolph, Saskia Libicher, Sven Jarius, Tobias Tenenbaum, Horst Schroten, and Brigitte Brigitte Wildemann. "The Choroid Plexus Is Permissive for a Preactivated Antigen-Experienced Memory B Cell Subset in Multiple Sclerosis." In Building Bridges in Medical Science 2021. Cambridge Medicine Journal, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7244/cmj.2021.03.001.2.
Background: The role of B cells in multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasingly recognized. B cells undergo compartmentalized redistribution in blood and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) during active MS, whereby memory B cells accumulate in the CSF. While B-cell trafficking across the blood– brain barrier has been intensely investigated, cellular diapedesis through the blood–CSF barrier (BCSFB) is incompletely understood. Objectives: To investigate how B cells interact with the choroid plexus to transmigrate into the CSF, we isolated circulating B cells from healthy donors (HC) and MS patients, utilized an inverted cell culture filter system of human choroid plexus papilloma (HIBCPP) cells to determine transmigration rates of B-cell subsets, immunofluorescence, and electron microscopy to analyze migration routes, and qRT-PCR to determine cytokines/chemokines mediating B-cell diapedesis. We also screened the transcriptome of intrathecal B cells from MS patients. Results: We found that spontaneous transmigration of HC- and MS-derived B cells was scant yet increased significantly in response to B-cell specific chemokines CXCL-12/CXCL-13, was further boosted upon pre-activation and occurred via paracellular and transcellular pathways. Migrating cells exhibited upregulation of several genes involved in B-cell activation/migration and enhanced expression of chemokine receptors CXCR4/CXCR5 and were predominantly of isotype class switched memory phenotype. This antigen-experienced migratory subset displayed more pronounced chemotactic activities in MS than in HC and was retrieved in intrathecal B cells from patients with active MS. Trafficking of class-switched memory B cells was downscaled in a small cohort of natalizumab-exposed MS patients and the proportions of these phenotypes were reduced in peripheral blood yet were enriched intrathecally in patients who experienced recurrence of disease activity after withdrawal of natalizumab. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the relevance of the BCSFB as an important gate for the entry of potentially harmful activated B cells into the CSF.
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Birch, Jack, Rebecca Jones, Julia Mueller, Matthew McDonald, Rebecca Richards, Michael Kelly, Simon Griffin, and Amy Ahern. "A systematic review of inequalities in the uptake of, adherence to and effectiveness of behavioural weight management interventions." In Building Bridges in Medical Science 2021. Cambridge Medicine Journal, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7244/cmj.2021.03.001.1.
Background: It has been suggested that interventions focusing on individual behaviour change, such as behavioural weight management interventions, may exacerbate health inequalities. These intervention-generated inequalities may occur at different stages, including intervention uptake, adherence and effectiveness. We conducted a systematic review to synthesise evidence on how different measures of inequality moderate the uptake of, adherence to and effectiveness of behavioural weight management interventions in adults. Methods: We updated a previous systematic literature review from the US Preventive Services Taskforce to identify trials of behavioural weight management interventions in adults that could be conducted in or recruited from primary care. Medline, Cochrane database (CENTRAL) and PsycINFO were searched. Only randomised controlled trials and cluster-randomised controlled trials were included. Two investigators independently screened articles for eligibility and conducted risk of bias assessment. We curated publication families for eligible trials. The PROGRESS-Plus acronym (place of residence, race/ethnicity, occupation, gender, religion, education, socioeconomic status, social capital, plus other discriminating factors) was used to consider a comprehensive range of health inequalities. Data on trial uptake, intervention adherence, weight change, and PROGRESS-Plus related-data were extracted. Results: Data extraction in currently underway. A total of 108 studies are included in the review. Data will be synthesised narratively and through the use of Harvest Plots. A Harvest plot for each PROGRESS-Plus criterion will be presented, showing whether each trial found a negative, positive or no health inequality gradient. We will also identify potential sources of unpublished original research data on these factors which can be synthesised through a future individual participant data meta- analysis. Conclusions and implications: The review findings will contribute towards the consideration of intervention-generated inequalities by researchers, policy makers and healthcare and public health practitioners. Authors of trials included in the completed systematic review may be invited to collaborate on a future IPD meta-analysis. PROSPERO registration number: CRD42020173242
Звіти організацій з теми "Building of bridges":
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Woodwell, William H. Woodwell, Jr. Building Bridges on Immigration. New York, NY United States: Carnegie Corporation of New York, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15868/socialsector.39036.
Noordijk, Peter. Building Bridges with Social Capital in the European Union. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.1091.
Miller, David S. Bridges and Ladders: Building the Logic and Structure for Cyberspace. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, June 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ad1019381.
Heckman, James. Building Bridges Between Structural and Program Evaluation Approaches to Evaluating Policy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, June 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w16110.
Lee, Lance, David Horth, and Chris Ernst. Boundary Spanning in Action: Tactics for Transforming Today's Borders into Tomorrow's Frontiers. Center for Creative Leadership, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.35613/ccl.2014.2044.
In this restless world, leaders face complex challenges that can be solved only by building bridges across expansive boundaries. In this second of two CCL white papers on boundary spanning, we share some success stories and outline some tactics that you can use right away to bridge boundaries in your organization.
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Maureen, Berner, Anita Brown-Graham, Jamie McCall, Jonathan Morgan, Tyler Mulligen, Nathalie Hatton, Christopher Hatton, and Alice Mahood. Building Bonds and Bridges (and Leveraging Links): A Place-Based Mobility Strategy Based on Social Capital Creation. Carolina Small Business Development Fund, April 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46712/building-bridges-bonds.
Yunes, Maria Cristina Yunes. Building bridges to promote sustainable livestock systems: Opinions of stakeholders in Brazil towards gene editing of farm animals. Tiny Beam Fund, November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15868/socialsector.39149.
Rahmani, Mehran, and Manan Naik. Structural Identification and Damage Detection in Bridges using Wave Method and Uniform Shear Beam Models: A Feasibility Study. Mineta Transportation Institute, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1934.
This report presents a wave method to be used for the structural identification and damage detection of structural components in bridges, e.g., bridge piers. This method has proven to be promising when applied to real structures and large amplitude responses in buildings (e.g., mid-rise and high-rise buildings). This study is the first application of the method to damaged bridge structures. The bridge identification was performed using wave propagation in a simple uniform shear beam model. The method identifies a wave velocity for the structure by fitting an equivalent uniform shear beam model to the impulse response functions of the recorded earthquake response. The structural damage is detected by measuring changes in the identified velocities from one damaging event to another. The method uses the acceleration response recorded in the structure to detect damage. In this study, the acceleration response from a shake-table four-span bridge tested to failure was used. Pairs of sensors were identified to represent a specific wave passage in the bridge. Wave velocities were identified for several sensor pairs and various shaking intensities are reported; further, actual observed damage in the bridge was compared with the detected reductions in the identified velocities. The results show that the identified shear wave velocities presented a decreasing trend as the shaking intensity was increased, and the average percentage reduction in the velocities was consistent with the overall observed damage in the bridge. However, there was no clear correlation between a specific wave passage and the observed reduction in the velocities. This indicates that the uniform shear beam model was too simple to localize the damage in the bridge. Instead, it provides a proxy for the overall extent of change in the response due to damage.
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Axup, M. D. 305 Building 2 ton bridge crane and monorail assembly analysis. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/483357.
Bodine, Thomas T. JIATF-SWB: Building an Operational Bridge for the Southwest Border. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada545963.
