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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "C5-Dicarboxylic Acids"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 6 вересня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "C5-Dicarboxylic Acids"

Islam, M. M. "Reaction of Aspartate Aminotransferase with C5-Dicarboxylic Acids: Comparison with the Reaction with C4-Dicarboxylic Acids." Journal of Biochemistry 134, no. 2 (August 1, 2003): 277–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jb/mvg141.

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Soonsin, V., A. A. Zardini, C. Marcolli, A. Zuend, and U. K. Krieger. "The vapor pressures and activities of dicarboxylic acids reconsidered: the impact of the physical state of the aerosol." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 10, no. 8 (August 27, 2010): 20515–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-10-20515-2010.

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Abstract. We present vapor pressure data of the C2 to C5 dicarboxylic acids deduced from measured evaporation rates of single levitated particles as both, aqueous droplets and solid crystals. The data of aqueous solution particles over a wide concentration range allow us to directly calculate activities of the dicarboxylic acids and comparison of these activities with parameterizations reported in the literature. The data of the pure liquid state acids, i.e. the dicarboxylic acids in their supercooled melt state, exhibit no even-odd alternation in vapor pressure, while the acids in the solid form do. This observation is consistent with the known solubilities of the acids and our measured vapor pressures of the supercooled melt. Thus, the gas/particle partitioning of the different dicarboxylic acids in the atmosphere depends strongly on the physical state of the aerosol phase, the difference being largest for the even acids. Our results show also that, in general, measurements of vapor pressures of solid dicarboxylic acids may be compromised by the presence of amorphous fractions, polymorphic forms, crystalline structures with a high defect number, and/or solvent inclusions in the solid material, yielding a higher vapor pressure than the one of the thermodynamically stable crystalline form at the same temperature.

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Soonsin, V., A. A. Zardini, C. Marcolli, A. Zuend, and U. K. Krieger. "The vapor pressures and activities of dicarboxylic acids reconsidered: the impact of the physical state of the aerosol." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 10, no. 23 (December 10, 2010): 11753–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-10-11753-2010.

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Анотація:

Abstract. We present vapor pressure data of the C2 to C5 dicarboxylic acids deduced from measured evaporation rates of single levitated particles as both, aqueous droplets and solid crystals. The data of aqueous solution particles over a wide concentration range allow us to directly calculate activities of the dicarboxylic acids and comparison of these activities with parameterizations reported in the literature. The data of the pure liquid state acids, i.e. the dicarboxylic acids in their supercooled melt state, exhibit no even-odd alternation in vapor pressure, while the acids in the solid form do. This observation is consistent with the known solubilities of the acids and our measured vapor pressures of the supercooled melt. Thus, the gas/particle partitioning of the different dicarboxylic acids in the atmosphere depends strongly on the physical state of the aerosol phase, the difference being largest for the even acids. Our results show also that, in general, measurements of vapor pressures of solid dicarboxylic acids may be compromised by the presence of polymorphic forms, crystalline structures with a high defect number, and/or solvent inclusions in the solid material, yielding a higher vapor pressure than the one of the thermodynamically stable crystalline form at the same temperature.

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Sato, Kei, Fumikazu Ikemori, Sathiyamurthi Ramasamy, Akihiro Fushimi, Kimiyo Kumagai, Akihiro Iijima, and Yu Morino. "Four- and Five-Carbon Dicarboxylic Acids Present in Secondary Organic Aerosol Produced from Anthropogenic and Biogenic Volatile Organic Compounds." Atmosphere 12, no. 12 (December 20, 2021): 1703. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/atmos12121703.

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To better understand precursors of dicarboxylic acids in ambient secondary organic aerosol (SOA), we studied C4–C9 dicarboxylic acids present in SOA formed from the oxidation of toluene, naphthalene, α-pinene, and isoprene. C4–C9 dicarboxylic acids present in SOA were analyzed by offline derivatization gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. We revealed that C4 dicarboxylic acids including succinic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, malic acid, DL-tartaric acid, and meso-tartaric acid are produced by the photooxidation of toluene. Since meso-tartaric acid barely occurs in nature, it is a potential aerosol tracer of photochemical reaction products. In SOA particles from toluene, we also detected a compound and its isomer with similar mass spectra to methyltartaric acid standard; the compound and the isomer are tentatively identified as 2,3-dihydroxypentanedioic acid isomers. The ratio of detected C4–C5 dicarboxylic acids to total toluene SOA mass had no significant dependence on the initial VOC/NOx condition. Trace levels of maleic acid and fumaric acid were detected during the photooxidation of naphthalene. Malic acid was produced from the oxidation of α-pinene and isoprene. A trace amount of succinic acid was detected in the SOA produced from the oxidation of isoprene.

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Vamecq, J., E. de Hoffmann, and F. Van Hoof. "The microsomal dicarboxylyl-CoA synthetase." Biochemical Journal 230, no. 3 (September 15, 1985): 683–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj2300683.

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Dicarboxylic acids are products of the omega-oxidation of monocarboxylic acids. We demonstrate that in rat liver dicarboxylic acids (C5-C16) can be converted into their CoA esters by a dicarboxylyl-CoA synthetase. During this activation ATP, which cannot be replaced by GTP, is converted into AMP and PPi, both acting as feedback inhibitors of the reaction. Thermolabile at 37 degrees C, and optimally active at pH 6.5, dicarboxylyl-CoA synthetase displays the highest activity on dodecanedioic acid (2 micromol/min per g of liver). Cell-fractionation studies indicate that this enzyme belongs to the hepatic microsomal fraction. Investigations about the fate of dicarboxylyl-CoA esters disclosed the existence of an oxidase, which could be measured by monitoring the production of H2O2. In our assay conditions this H2O2 production is dependent on and closely follows the CoA consumption. It appears that the chain-length specificity of the handling of dicarboxylic acids by this catabolic pathway (activation to acyl-CoA and oxidation with H2O2 production) parallels the pattern of the degradation of exogenous dicarboxylic acids in vivo.

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Adler, Heidi, and Heli Sirén. "Study on Dicarboxylic Acids in Aerosol Samples with Capillary Electrophoresis." Journal of Analytical Methods in Chemistry 2014 (2014): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/498168.

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The research was performed to study the simultaneous detection of a homologous series ofα,ω-dicarboxylic acids (C2–C10), oxalic, malonic, succinic, glutaric, adipic, pimelic, suberic, azelaic, and sebacic acids, with capillary electrophoresis using indirect UV detection. Good separation efficiency in 2,6-pyridinedicarboxylic acid as background electrolyte modified with myristyl trimethyl ammonium bromide was obtained. The dicarboxylic acids were ionised and separated within five minutes. For the study, authentic samples were collected onto dry cellulose membrane filters of a cascade impactor (12 stages) from outdoor spring aerosols in an urban area. Hot water and ultrasonication extraction methods were used to isolate the acids from membrane filters. Due to the low concentrations of acids in the aerosols, the extracts were concentrated with solid-phase extraction (SPE) before determination. The enrichment of the carboxylic acids was between 86 and 134% with sample pretreatment followed by 100-time increase by preparation of the sample to 50 μL. Inaccuracy was optimised for all the sample processing steps. The aerosols contained dicarboxylic acids C2–C10. Then, mostly they contained C2, C5, and C10. Only one sample contained succinic acid. In the study, the concentrations of the acids in aerosols were lower than 10 ng/m3.

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Hyttinen, Noora, Reyhaneh Heshmatnezhad, Jonas Elm, Theo Kurtén та Nønne L. Prisle. "Technical note: Estimating aqueous solubilities and activity coefficients of mono- and α,ω-dicarboxylic acids using COSMOtherm". Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, № 21 (9 листопада 2020): 13131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-20-13131-2020.

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Abstract. We have used the COSMOtherm program to estimate activity coefficients and solubilities of mono- and α,ω-dicarboxylic acids and water in binary acid–water systems. The deviation from ideality was found to be larger in the systems containing larger acids than in the systems containing smaller acids. COnductor-like Screening MOdel for Real Solvents (COSMO-RS) underestimates experimental monocarboxylic acid activity coefficients by less than a factor of 2, but experimental water activity coefficients are underestimated more especially at high acid mole fractions. We found a better agreement between COSMOtherm-estimated and experimental activity coefficients of monocarboxylic acids when the water clustering with a carboxylic acid and itself was taken into account using the dimerization, aggregation, and reaction extension (COSMO-RS-DARE) of COSMOtherm. COSMO-RS-DARE is not fully predictive, but fit parameters found here for water–water and acid–water clustering interactions can be used to estimate thermodynamic properties of monocarboxylic acids in other aqueous solvents, such as salt solutions. For the dicarboxylic acids, COSMO-RS is sufficient for predicting aqueous solubility and activity coefficients, and no fitting to experimental values is needed. This is highly beneficial for applications to atmospheric systems, as these data are typically not available for a wide range of mixing states realized in the atmosphere, due to a lack of either feasibility of the experiments or sample availability. Based on effective equilibrium constants of different clustering reactions in the binary solutions, acid dimer formation is more dominant in systems containing larger dicarboxylic acids (C5–C8), while for monocarboxylic acids (C1–C6) and smaller dicarboxylic acids (C2–C4), hydrate formation is more favorable, especially in dilute solutions.

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Lundgren, B. R., L. R. Villegas-Penaranda, J. R. Harris, A. M. Mottern, D. M. Dunn, C. N. Boddy, and C. T. Nomura. "Genetic Analysis of the Assimilation of C5-Dicarboxylic Acids in Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1." Journal of Bacteriology 196, no. 14 (May 2, 2014): 2543–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01615-14.

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Song, M., C. Marcolli, U. K. Krieger, A. Zuend, and T. Peter. "Liquid-liquid phase separation and morphology of internally mixed dicarboxylic acids/ammonium sulfate/water particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 11, no. 10 (October 28, 2011): 29141–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-11-29141-2011.

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Abstract. Knowledge of the physical state and morphology of internally mixed organic/inorganic aerosol particles is still largely uncertain. To obtain more detailed information on liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and morphology of the particles, we investigated complex mixtures of atmospherically relevant dicarboxylic acids containing 5–7 carbon atoms (C5, C6 and C7) having oxygen-to-carbon atomic ratios (O:C) of 0.80, 0.67, and 0.57, respectively, mixed with ammonium sulfate (AS). With micrometer-sized particles of C5/AS/H2O, C6/AS/H2O and C7/AS/H2O as model systems deposited on a hydrophobically coated substrate, laboratory experiments were conducted for various organic-to-inorganic dry mass ratios (OIR) using optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. When exposed to cycles of relative humidity (RH), each system showed significantly different phase transitions. While the C5/AS/H2O particles showed no LLPS with OIR = 2:1, 1:1 and 1:4 down to 20% RH, the C6/AS/H2O and C7/AS/H2O particles exhibit LLPS upon drying at RH 50% to 85% and ~90%, respectively, via spinodal decomposition, growth of a second phase from the particle surface or nucleation-and-growth mechanisms depending on the OIR. This suggests that LLPS commonly occurs within the range of O:C<0.7 in tropospheric organic-inorganic aerosols. To support the comparison and interpretation of the experimentally observed phase transitions, thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed with the AIOMFAC model. For the C7/AS/H2O and C6/AS/H2O systems, the calculated phase diagrams agree well with the observations while for the C5/AS/H2O system LLPS is predicted by the model at RH below 60% and higher AS concentration, but was not observed in the experiments. Both core-shell structures and partially engulfed structures were observed for the investigated particles, suggesting that such morphologies might also exist in tropospheric aerosols.

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Song, M., C. Marcolli, U. K. Krieger, A. Zuend, and T. Peter. "Liquid-liquid phase separation and morphology of internally mixed dicarboxylic acids/ammonium sulfate/water particles." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 12, no. 5 (March 13, 2012): 2691–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-12-2691-2012.

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Анотація:

Abstract. Knowledge of the physical state and morphology of internally mixed organic/inorganic aerosol particles is still largely uncertain. To obtain more detailed information on liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and morphology of the particles, we investigated complex mixtures of atmospherically relevant dicarboxylic acids containing 5, 6, and 7 carbon atoms (C5, C6 and C7) having oxygen-to-carbon atomic ratios (O:C) of 0.80, 0.67, and 0.57, respectively, mixed with ammonium sulfate (AS). With micrometer-sized particles of C5/AS/H2O, C6/AS/H2O and C7/AS/H2O as model systems deposited on a hydrophobically coated substrate, laboratory experiments were conducted for various organic-to-inorganic dry mass ratios (OIR) using optical microscopy and Raman spectroscopy. When exposed to cycles of relative humidity (RH), each system showed significantly different phase transitions. While the C5/AS/H2O particles showed no LLPS with OIR = 2:1, 1:1 and 1:4 down to 20% RH, the C6/AS/H2O and C7/AS/H2O particles exhibit LLPS upon drying at RH 50 to 85% and ~90%, respectively, via spinodal decomposition, growth of a second phase from the particle surface or nucleation-and-growth mechanisms depending on the OIR. This suggests that LLPS commonly occurs within the range of O:C < 0.7 in tropospheric organic/inorganic aerosols. To support the comparison and interpretation of the experimentally observed phase transitions, thermodynamic equilibrium calculations were performed with the AIOMFAC model. For the C7/AS/H2O and C6/AS/H2O systems, the calculated phase diagrams agree well with the observations while for the C5/AS/H2O system LLPS is predicted by the model at RH below 60% and higher AS concentration, but was not observed in the experiments. Both core-shell structures and partially engulfed structures were observed for the investigated particles, suggesting that such morphologies might also exist in tropospheric aerosols.

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Дисертації з теми "C5-Dicarboxylic Acids"

Webb, Joseph Paul. "Bio-production of C5 dicarboxylic acids for chemical conversion to methyl methacrylate." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.754213.

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