Готові списки джерел за темами / Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme

Зміст

  1. Статті в журналах
  2. Дисертації
  3. Книги
  4. Частини книг
  5. Тези доповідей конференцій
  6. Звіти організацій

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 10 січня 2023
Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями

Оберіть тип джерела:

Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme".

Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.

Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.

Статті в журналах з теми "Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme"

1

Maraseni, Tek Narayan, Jerry Maroulis, and Geoff Cockfield. "An analysis of Australia’s carbon pollution reduction scheme." International Journal of Environmental Studies 66, no. 5 (October 2009): 591–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00207230902916190.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Betz, Regina, and Anthony D. Owen. "The implications of Australia’s carbon pollution reduction scheme for its National Electricity Market." Energy Policy 38, no. 9 (September 2010): 4966–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.03.084.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
3

Bailey, Ian, Iain MacGill, Rob Passey, and Hugh Compston. "The fall (and rise) of carbon pricing in Australia: a political strategy analysis of the carbon pollution reduction scheme." Environmental Politics 21, no. 5 (September 2012): 691–711. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2012.705066.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
4

Li, Hui, Xianchun Tan, Jianxin Guo, Kaiwei Zhu, and Chen Huang. "Study on an Implementation Scheme of Synergistic Emission Reduction of CO2 and Air Pollutants in China’s Steel Industry." Sustainability 11, no. 2 (January 11, 2019): 352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11020352.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
China’s steel industry is an energy-intensive sector. Synergistic reduction of emissions of CO2 and air pollutants (SO2, NOx, and PM2.5) in the steel industry has an important practical significance for climate change and air pollution control. According to the CO2 emission reduction intensity targets (CERO) and air pollutant emission targets (PERO) for 2020 and 2030, 28 types of energy-saving and emission reduction technologies (20 types of carbon reduction technology and eight types of air pollution end-of-pipe technology) were selected for examination, and a two-stage dynamic optimization model with collaborative implementation of PERO and CERO was built to assess the near future (2015–2020) and long-term (2020–2030) implementation plans for synergistic emissions reduction of CO2 and air pollutants. The results show that in the near future, the implementation of PERO will have a greater synergistic effect on CO2 emission reduction. CO2 emission reduction under PERO in 2020 will be 97 million tons (Mt) higher than that of CERO, an increase of nearly 26%. However, the effects of implementing CERO are better in the long run. Under CERO, the emission reductions of SO2, NOx, and PM2.5 in 2030 are 2.44 Mt, 1.47 Mt, and 0.86 Mt, respectively, and 7%, 4%, and 5% higher than the implementation of PERO. As far as marginal abatement cost is concerned, in the near future, the marginal abatement costs of CO2 and air pollutant equivalents are 1.06 yuan/kgCO2 and 133 yuan/kg pollution equivalent (pe) under PERO, which are 23% and 11% lower than that of CERO, while in the long run, the marginal abatement costs of CO2 and pollutant equivalents under CERO are 0.025 yuan/kgCO2 and 2.73 yuan/kgpe, about 96% and 95% lower than that of PERO.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
5

Ross Lambie, Neil. "Understanding the effect of an emissions trading scheme on electricity generator investment and retirement behaviour: the proposed Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme." Australian Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 54, no. 2 (April 26, 2010): 203–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8489.2010.00486.x.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
6

Henry, Nick, and Adam Cunningham. "Accounting and financial reporting considerations for oil and gas companies operating under Australia's proposed Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme." APPEA Journal 49, no. 2 (2009): 585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj08058.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The introduction of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS) is one of Australia’s most significant economic reforms since the deregulation of the Australian financial markets in the 1980s and will have a significant impact on companies across a number of sectors—in particular those in the oil and gas industry. Given the significant greenhouse gas emission footprint of the oil and gas industry in Australia, for many oil and gas companies the cost of buying carbon pollution permits and/or reducing emissions through targetted abatement programs is likely to be significant. From a strategic perspective, understanding how the proposed CPRS could affect future cash flows will be critically important. Financial markets have already begun to factor the potential cash flow impacts into valuations of companies likely to be directly impacted by the legislation. Public disclosure of the potential impacts of the CPRS is considered both an opportunity and threat for those companies exposed to it. The proposed CPRS will also pose significant governance, compliance and reporting challenges for those companies directly impacted by it. Measurement and reporting of emissions information will need to be subjected to the same level of control and rigour as other financial information. This paper will examine both the immediate and longer term accounting and financial reporting considerations for oil and gas companies as a result of the CPRS, focussing on what companies need to be doing now to be prepared for the introduction of this legislation.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
7

Bista, Saurav Raj, Bivek Baral, Utsav Raj Aryal, and Nischal Chaulagain. "Analysis of Flow Dynamics of Carbon Monoxide Emitted from Cook Stoves in Closed Room Using CFD." Journal of the Institute of Engineering 15, no. 3 (October 13, 2020): 69–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v15i3.32011.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Wood being one of the major sources for cooking in developing countries has also been key for indoor air pollutions. Many studies and improvements on the stove have been conducted to enhance combustion efficiency and minimize emission. Although many Improved Cooking Stoves (ICS) programs has been widespread, due to design limitation together with operational and fuel factors have hindered the targeted emission reduction. Several studies in developing countries have shown that the even ICS have not been able to reduce the adverse impact on human health due to the use of solid biomass fuel. Despites the limitation in stove performance, alternatives have to be used to reduce the indoor air pollution till better cooking and heating system is in place in the developing countries. Proper ventilation and stove placement might be one of the few solutions. To provide an effective passive ventilation scheme, flow dynamics of the pollutants from stove to indoor space and outdoor needs to be predicted. This paper discusses about the application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) tool to predict the pollution flow pattern and dispersion dynamics with different ventilation placement and stove location. The study also considers potential thermal energy conservation in the living space with optimum ventilation.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
8

Firsova, A., V. Strezov, and R. Taplin. "After 20 years of creating Australian climate policy: was the proposed carbon pollution reduction scheme a change in direction?" Australasian Journal of Environmental Management 19, no. 1 (March 2012): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14486563.2011.646751.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
9

Pielecha, Jacek, and Monika Andrych-Zalewska. "The influence of internal catalyst on exhaust emission in dynamic conditions." E3S Web of Conferences 44 (2018): 00141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20184400141.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The article discusses the use of an internal catalyst, which allows to reduce the emission of harmful compounds during internal combustion engine operation. This is a type of exhaust aftertreatment system; however, its placement inside the combustion chamber, and thus closest to the combustion process, allows reducing the pollution at the source (the catalyst was sprayed on the glow plugs). This is necessary because vehicle pollution reduction is a key aspect of reducing the negative environmental impact of transport. The presented research results are a part of a wider research scheme, on the evaluation of the internal catalyst impact in various engine operating conditions – starting from static tests (on an engine dynamometer), through dynamic dynamometer tests, and ending with vehicle road tests in real driving conditions. The use of an internal catalyst during dynamic tests results in a few percent reduction in the mass of carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide and the number of particulates in the considered measurement test. It is technically possible to introduce this kind of a technical solution in most vehicles with Diesel engines, thus resulting in improved ecological properties of internal combustion engines.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
10

Akter, Sonia, and Jeff Bennett. "Household perceptions of climate change and preferences for mitigation action: the case of the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme in Australia." Climatic Change 109, no. 3-4 (February 26, 2011): 417–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10584-011-0034-8.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme"

1

Ramsell, Philip G. "An alternative climate change levy scheme for manufacturing industries." Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.270013.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Jooste, Dustin. "Emissions trading scheme for South Africa : opportunities and challenges." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/79330.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This research report aims to determine whether an emissions trading scheme or carbon tax is the most suitable market-based emissions reduction mechanism for South Africa, given its multiple environmental, social and economic objectives. Key factors considered in this comparison include: environmental effectiveness; economic efficiency; social welfare impacts; public finance considerations; administrative complexity and costs; and, finally, the relationship to global greenhouse gas reduction mechanisms. These factors are compared in the short and long term to determine which mechanism is most likely to deliver South Africa’s emissions reduction targets within the given time frames. The comparison of these factors involves a non-empirical literature review, followed by a rating of the mechanisms in order to distil a best fit in terms of the various aspects of an effective emissions reduction mechanism, taking into account the specific needs and conditions of South Africa. The research found that, in the short term, a carbon tax was best suited to the South African context. This is because of the fiscal certainty inherent in this mechanism, which provides clear price signals and a stable public income. However, the reasons for these comparative advantages over an emissions trading scheme relate to the long lead times and structure of the latter mechanism, which requires years of implementation and favours environmental effectiveness over economic efficiency. Further reasons include a lack of understanding and buy-in in terms of market-based mechanisms, a situation that favours familiarity over effectiveness in some instances. Taking these issues into account, the research shows that an emissions trading scheme is better suited to the South African context in the long term. Once properly implemented, this mechanism provides superior results in terms of the above-mentioned factors, and specifically in terms of environmental effectiveness and the potential for benefit through international integration. This research report concludes that the South African government has failed to take a long-term view of the mechanisms available for emissions reduction, choosing instead to implement a carbon tax, which favours economic growth at the expense of the environment and future generations. A general lack of understanding of the structures and opportunity costs of the two mechanisms necessitates an investigation by government of the applicability and structure of an emissions trading scheme in the South African context before market-based mechanisms can play an effective part in the future development of the country’s environmental regulatory regime.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
3

Obenson, Tanyi. "Carbon-Storing Trees and Particulate Matter Reduction in Los Angeles, California." ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4749.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Air pollution is a major concern in heavily populated cities such as Los-Angeles, California. Particulate Matter (PM) pollution in Hispanic and Black American neighborhoods in Los Angeles tends to be higher than adjacent non-minority areas. Research has indicated that certain carbon-storing trees can be used to reduce PM pollution. The purpose of this qualitative, interview research project was to determine the feasibility of using carbon-storing trees to reduce PM pollution in Hispanic and Black American neighborhoods in Los Angeles. Using an ecological theoretical framework, 10 subject matter experts were interviewed about their knowledge of carbon-storing properties and the feasibility of planting 10 different types of trees to reduce PM in the target neighborhoods. The results indicated that oak and pine trees are the most feasible in accomplishing PM reduction within the target areas based on factors like leaf structure, size, and adaptation to Southern California climate and soil. The least feasible trees included California sycamore, Fremont cottonwood, ox horn bamboos, American sweetgum, and yellow poplar. Public health officials may use this study's findings to bring social change to communities by encouraging the development and implementation of tree planting plans that may reduce PM pollution for all populations across the United States. The responsibility of implementing a tree planting strategy would be up to city planners and public health officials (stakeholders) in affected communities. To accomplish this, stakeholders would need to determine the financial costs and specific locations for planting oak and pine trees.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
4

Balian, Daniel. "Greenhouse gas Reduction in Infrastructure Projects : With a case study of California High-Speed Rail." Thesis, KTH, Miljöstrategisk analys (fms), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-209487.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Infrastructure projects are today major contributors to global warming. However, various strategies for reduction of greenhouse gas emission are available, as described in sustainability assessment schemes and performed in infrastructure projects. Beyond the choice of methodology, greenhouse gas reduction represents an important challenge, namely to engage involved actors. The establishment of a common sustainability policy, reflected in procurement requirements could be a solution. However, often in subject of complications such as misunderstandings or increased cost. Impres, a research project aiming to streamline the process of greenhouse gas reduction in the infrastructure sector, conducts case studies around the world in which useful methods and examples are assimilated. In cooperation with Impres, the present report includes the case study of California High-Speed Rail (CHSR). The aim of this report is to compare strategies for greenhouse gas reduction of sustainability assessment schemes for infrastructure projects, and evaluate the feasibility as procurement requirements. Furthermore, to identify corresponding processes of greenhouse gas reduction in the case study of CHSR, as well as revealing important factors towards realization. The course of work involves a study of the schemes Envision, BREEAM Infrastructure, CEEQUAL, IS Rating System as well as the standard PAS 2080. Regarding the case study, the sustainability policy, procurement requirements and project reports are the main used sources. Moreover, qualitative interviews with involved actors have been performed in California. Finally, to create a comparative matrix for greenhouse gas reduction processes, standards ISO and PAS 2080 have been reviewed. The results show that greenhouse gas criteria of the studied schemes not are mandatory to perform in anyone but PAS 2080. Which means that further requisites might be needed in order for the schemes to be useful as procurement requirements. Furthermore, the outlining of processes reveals a weakness in the setting of a greenhouse gas reference point, and while every scheme includes a greenhouse gas quantity assessment, there is a difference in the priority of reduction. Regarding CHSR, an exclaimed policy goal is to perform climate neutral construction. While procurement requirements are limited to quantification of emitted greenhouse gases and the use of effective construction machinery, which is insufficient to meet the goal. Nevertheless, the Authority in charge is performing CO2 compensating measures, such as planting trees. Finally, a variety of driving forces, success factors and challenges for realizing greenhouse gas reduction have been identified. For example, personal motivation and legislation as driving forces. Whereas, sustainability as a core mission, experience and communication are seen as success factors, and resistance to transfer sustainability goals to procurement is an exclaimed challenge. As a conclusion, sustainability assessment schemes do have certain processes for greenhouse gas reduction in common. However, they present criteria with different degrees of obligation, affecting feasibility as procurement requirements. In CHSR, similar processes are found, where further reduction of greenhouse gases can be achieved, especially by an optimized choice of construction materials. In the end, personal motivation seems to be an important factor for introducing and realizing greenhouse gas reduction goals in infrastructure projects.
Impres
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
5

Trotignon, Raphaël. "In search of the carbon price : The european CO2 emission trading scheme : from ex ante and ex post analysis to the protection in 2020." Thesis, Paris 9, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA090052.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Cette thèse est une évaluation des deux premières phases du Système Communautaire d’Echange de Quotas d’Emission (SCEQE). Il s'articule autour de la construction progressive d'un modèle de simulation, ZEPHYR-Flex, qui vise à reproduire les évolutions du prix et des émissions observés entre 2005 et 2012, et à les projeter jusqu'en 2020 sous différentes séries d'hypothèses. L'analyse ex post des huit premières années du système révèle que, pour comprendre son évolution, il est nécessaire d'étudier en détail le rôle joué par trois mécanismes de flexibilité: les échanges de quotas, la flexibilité spatiale (crédits carbone), et la flexibilité temporelle (banking/borrowing). Dans un premier temps, nous construisons un cadre technico-économique servant de base au mécanisme simulant les échanges de quotas dans le modèle. Le rôle des crédits carbone est ensuite examiné et un scénario pour leur utilisation jusqu'en 2020 est calculé sur cette base. Ensuite, la flexibilité temporelle est introduite dans le modèle qui, une fois les trois mécanismes de flexibilité réunis, peut reproduire la trajectoire passée du prix et des émissions. Le modèle et les leçons tirées des deux premières phases sont ensuite utilisés dans différents scénarios prospectifs à l'horizon 2020. Parmi les scénarios testés, seul un renforcement du plafond d’émission en ligne avec l'objectif européen de 2050 est en mesure de restaurer la confiance et les anticipations associées au système, deux facteurs qui conditionnent l'efficacité du SCEQE à long terme. La nécessité d’articuler correctement le SCEQE avec les autres politiques climat-énergie est également soulignée
This thesis is an evaluation of the first two phases of the EU ETS. It is articulated around the progressive construction of a simulation model, ZEPHYR-Flex, which aims at being able to replicate the observed price and emissions trajectories between 2005 and 2012, and to project them until 2020 under different sets of assumptions. The ex post analysis of the first eight years of the system reveals that to understand its development, it is necessary to study in details the role played by three flexibility mechanisms: trading, spatial flexibility (offsets), and time flexibility (banking/borrowing). In a first stage, we build a technical-economic framework for the core trading mechanism of the model. The role of offsets is then scrutinized and a scenario for their use up to 2020 is calculated on this basis. Next, the time flexibility and the related banking and borrowing behavior are introduced into the model which can then replicate the past price and emission trajectory. The model and the lessons from the first two phases are then used in different prospective scenarios to 2020. Among the scenarios tested, only a strengthening of the cap in line with the 2050 European reduction target is able to restore confidence and anticipations, two factors needed for the efficiency of the EU ETS in the long term. The issue of correctly articulating the EU ETS with other climate-energy policies is also underlined
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
6

Wardley, Neale. "The Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading Journey: Finding the Balance between Acceptance, Effectiveness and Emissions Reduction." Thesis, 2020. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/42035/.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
For over a decade this study followed designs for emissions trading schemes (ETS) that have emerged in response to global warming. An ETS is considered a cost-effective instrument to mitigate pollution (UNFCCC, 2006). Early in this study indications were that several operational ETSs struggled to achieve their emission reduction goals. Considering this problem, the study looks at the competing constraints of acceptance, effectiveness, and emissions reduction. The parameters of an ETS can be adjusted in relation to these constraints and the study also considers the alignment of nine design factors to these constraints. The design factors considered are legislation, governance, compliance, rules, compensation, targets, phasing-in, coverage and the distribution of allowances. It emerges that adjustments in terms of factor alignment may affect a schemes ability to reduce emissions. Other important factors sit outside the scope of this study, i.e. variations in greenhouse gas emissions as a result of the GFC and later COVID-19, also alternative mitigation policies, human adaptation, and innovative technologies. Viewed in a comparative manner the main case studies are the antecedent US Acid Rain Program (US ARP), the European Union Emission Trading System (EU ETS) and the US Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI). Other ETS designs that provide data for the study include the UK Emissions Trading Scheme (UK ETS), the Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CRPS), which later became known as the Australian Carbon Tax, and the Californian Cap and Trade Program (CCTP). An effective ETS may perform adequately in relation to its’ goals for governance and compliance, although it can be shown that if the design leans too far toward acceptance the capacity for emissions reduction is diminished. According to the conceptual framework developed early in the study, over time the relationship between the constraints and the design factors should be revised toward reducing emissions.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
7

顏挺育. "Air Pollution Reduction of NO by Vanadium Oxides/Activated Carbon Catalyst in the Environment without Ammonia." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/97480619563576632821.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
碩士
明新科技大學
化學工程研究所
93
Vanadium oxide/activated carbon catalysts have been prepared with different acid treatments and with different loadings of vanadium (V). The performance of nitrogen monoxide(NO) reduction under the environment lacking of ammonia (NH3) by the catalysts has been investigated with or without the additives (carbon monoxide or propane). Activated carbon (AC) substrate is treated with 6N HNO3, H2SO4 or HCl before impregnation. Then the AC substrate is impregnated with different loadings of vanadium for preparing the 0.56wt%, 2.8wt% and 5.6wt% vanadium/activated carbon catalysts (V/AC). The above V/AC catalysts are tested for the NO conversion in a fixed bed reactor under the conditions with or without oxygen (O2) in the reacted gas. The studies find that the best NO conversion for a 2.8wt%V/AC catalyst treated by 6N HNO3 is about 84% under 360oC and with 3%O2 in the reacted gas. But, on the condition of the same temperature and without O2, the NO conversion is only about 29%. It is obviously that O2 in the reacted gas will favor the NO conversion. However, under the oxygen environment, because the burns out of the activated carbon when the reaction temperature higher than 360oC, will soon let the catalyst lose its activity. While under the environment without oxygen, the burn of V/AC catalyst is very slowly and the NO conversion will be continue to increase with temperature. In the aspect of acid treatment of AC, it is found the NO conversion of the different acid treatment catalysts are HNO3 > without acid treatment > HCl > H2SO4 when the reacted gas without O2, and HNO3 > H2SO4> without acid treatment > HCl when the reacted gas with O2. The results show the proper method of acid treatment will increase the activity of V/AC catalyst. On the experiment of different vanadium loadings, it is discovered the NO conversion is increased with the vanadium loadings before the 5.6wt%V is reached. Moreover, in the experiment of additives. The adding of CO in the reacted gas will increase the NO conversion while the adding of C3H8 will suppress the NO conversion. The results show the same trend with or without O2 in the reacted gas. Beside the above experimental investigations, the mechanism of NO reduction by the V/AC catalyst is also reorganized and modified in the study.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
8

Udaya, Lakshmi L. "Design Of Truthful Allocation Mechanisms For Carbon Footprint Reduction." Thesis, 2012. http://etd.iisc.ernet.in/handle/2005/2322.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Global warming is currently a major challenge faced by the world. Reduction of carbon emissions is of paramount importance in the context of global warming. There are widespread ongoing efforts to find satisfactory ways of surmounting this challenge. The basic objective of all such efforts can be summarized as conception and formation of protocols to reduce the pace of global carbon levels. Countries and global companies are now engaged in understanding systematic ways of achieving well defined emission targets. In this dissertation, we explore the specific problem faced by a global industry or global company in allocating carbon emission reduction units to its different divisions and supply chain partners in achieving a required target of reductions in its carbon reduction program. The problem becomes a challenging one since the divisions and supply chain partners are often autonomous and could exhibit strategic behavior. Game theory and mechanism design provide a natural modeling tool for capturing the strategic dynamics involved in this problem. DSIC (Dominant Strategy Incentive Compatibility), AE (Allocative Efficiency), and SBB (Strict Budget Balance) are the key desirable properties for carbon reduction allocation mechanisms. But due to an impossibility result in mechanism design, DSIC, AE, and SBB can never be simultaneously achieved. Hence in this dissertation, we offer as contributions, two elegant solutions to this carbon emission reduction allocation problem. The first contribution is a mechanism which is DSIC and AE. We first propose a straightforward Vickrey-Clarke-Groves (VCG) mechanism based solution to the problem, leading to a DSIC and AE reverse auction protocol for allocating carbon reductions among the divisions. This solution, however, leads to a high level of budget imbalance. To reduce budget imbalance, we use redistribution mechanisms, without affecting the key properties of DSIC and AE. The Cavallo-Bailey redistribution mechanism, when applied to the above reverse auction protocol leads to reduced budget imbalance. To reduce the imbalance further, we propose an innovative forward auction protocol which achieves less imbalance when combined with the Cavallo-Bailey redistribution mechanism. The forward auction protocol also has the appealing feature of handsomely rewarding divisions that reduce emissions and levying appropriate penalties on divisions that do not participate in emission reductions. The second contribution is a DSIC and SBB mechanism. Even though the first mechanism tries to reduce the budget imbalance, there is always a surplus which cannot be distributed among divisions and is wasted. So, in this part, by slightly compromising on efficiency, we propose a mechanism which is DSIC and SBB. The SBB property guarantees that there is no need for any monetary support from an external agency for implementing the mechanism and there is no leakage of revenue.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
9

Smith, Nadia. "Air quality monitoring with polar-orbiting hyperspectral infrared sounders : a fast retrieval scheme for carbon monoxide." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12282.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
D.Phil. (Geography)
The Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (lASI), operational in polar-orbit since 2006 on the European MetOp-A satellite, is the most advanced of its kind in space. It has been designed to provide soundings of the troposphere and lower stratosphere at nadir in a spectral interval of 0.25 em" across the range 645-2 760 em". Fine spectral sampling such as this is imperative in the sounding of trace gases. Since its launch, the routine retrievals of greenhouse, species from IASI measurements have made a valuable contribution to atmospheric chemistry studies at a global scale. The main contribution of this thesis is the development of a new trace gas retrieval scheme for IASI measurements. The goal was to improve on the global operational scheme in terms of the algorithm complexity, speed of calculation and spatial resolution achieved in the final solution. This schemedirectly retrieves column integrated trace gas densities at single field-of-view (FOV) from IASI measurements within a 10% accuracy limit. The scheme is built on the Bayesian framework of probability and based on the assumption that the inversion of total column values, as apposed to gas profiles, is a near-linear problem. Performance of the retrieval scheme is demonstrated on simulated noisy measurements for carbon monoxide (CO). Being a linear solution, the scheme is'highly dependent on the accuracy of the a priori. A statistical estimate of the a priori was computed using a principal component regression analysis with 50 eigenvectors. The corresponding root-mean-square (RMS) error of the a priori was calculated to be 9.3%. In general terms, the physical retrieval improved on the a priori, and sensitivity studies were performed to demonstrate the accuracy and stability of the retrieval scheme under a numberof perturbations. A full system characterization and error analysis is additionally preformed to elicidate the nature of this complex problem. The hyperspectral IASI measurements introduce a significant correlation error in the retrieval. The Absorption Line Cluster (ALC) channel selection method was developed in this thesis, to address the correlation error explicitly. When a first neighbour correlation factor of 0.71 is assumed in the measurement error covariance for the clusters of ALC channels, then most of the correlation error is removed in the retrieval. In conclusion, the total column trace gas retrieval scheme developed here is fast, simple, intuitive, transparent and robust. These characteristics together make it highly suitable for implementation in an operational environment intended for air quality monitoring on a regional scale.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
10

Worae, Thomas Adomah. "Carbon emissions reduction and financial performance of Johannesburg Stock Exchange 's SRI companies." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/1901.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Thesis (Ph. D. (Accounting)) -- University of Limpopo, 2017.
This research examined the effect of carbon emissions reduction on financial performance Johannesburg Stock Exchange’s SRI companies. Empirical results of corporate fossil energy-based dependence on environment and economic performance thus far have been ambiguous. The major objective of this research was to examine the effect of emissions and energy intensity on market and accounting based performance measures. This research adopted the positivist paradigm approach and therefore used a quantitative causal research approach. Archival data was collected from fourteen JSE’s SRI companies for seven years. The research applied a panel data analysis, a total of 98 observations were derived from panel data set. Multiple linear and causal econometric models were applied in the data analyses namely ordinary least squares (OLS), fixed effects and dynamic models. OLS results showed a significant effect of energy usage intensity (ENGINT) on return on assets (ROA), and return on sales (ROS), with carbon emissions intensity (EMSINT) exhibiting a significant effect on return on assets (ROA), and return on sales (ROS). When the study controlled for omitted variable bias and possible orthogonality condition, a significant negative effect of energy intensity (ENGINT) on equity returns (EQRTNS) was found. Impulse response analysis revealed that shocks in energy intensity on average tend to decrease firms’ financial value, while shocks in emissions intensity on average increase firms’ financial value within the sampled companies. Whilst testing for causality, the Panel Granger causal analysis showed unidirectional effect of EMSINT on EQRTNS, and bidirectional causal relationship between EMSINT and MVE/S at 1% significant level. This research made a contribution by extending the model used by previous researchers through the use of multiple market and accounting based performance measures which were analysed using advanced econometric models: Arellano-Bond DPD model, impulse response function in short PVARs and Bootstrap dynamic panel threshold model. In addition, this thesis suggested a model to advance future research on carbon emissions and firm performance and managerial decision propensity for carbon reduction.
Carbon Disclosure Project and School of Accountancy of the University of Limpopo
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Книги з теми "Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme"

1

Geller, Howard S. Cost-effective carbon dioxide reduction initiatives. Washington, D.C: American Council for Energy-Efficient Economy, 1993.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Geller, Howard S. Cost-effective carbon dioxide reduction initiatives. Washington, D.C: American Council for Energy-Efficient Economy, 1993.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
3

Geller, Howard S. Cost-effective carbon dioxide reduction initiatives. Washington, D.C: American Council for Energy-Efficient Economy, 1993.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
4

Hewett, Chris. Emissions trading: Proposals for a UK emissions trading scheme. London: Institute for Public Policy Research, 2000.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
5

Lowering the cost of emission reduction: Joint implementation in the Framework Convention on Climate Change. Dordrecht: Kuwer Academic Publishers, 1998.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
6

Minerals, Metals and Materials Society. Meeting. Carbon dioxide reduction metallurgy: Proceedings of symposia sponsored by the Light Metals Division of the Minerals, Metals & Materials Society (TMS) : held during TMS 2008 annual meeting & Exhibition, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, March 9-13, 2008. Warrendale, Pa: TMS, 2008.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
7

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment. Ozone and carbon monoxide problems: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, first session on H.R. 3054 ... August 3, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
8

Environment, United States Congress House Committee on Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Health and the. Ozone and carbon monoxide problems: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, first session on H.R. 3054 ... August 3, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
9

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment. Ozone and carbon monoxide problems: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Health and the Environment of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, first session on H.R. 3054 ... August 3, 1987. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1988.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
10

Office, General Accounting. Air pollution: The Border Smog Reduction Act's impact on ozone levels : report to Congressional committees. Washington, D.C. (P.O. Box 37050, Washington, D.C. 20013): The Office, 1999.

Знайти повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
Більше джерел

Частини книг з теми "Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme"

1

Zhu, Xiaodi, and Song Sun. "Z-Scheme Photocatalysts for the Reduction of Carbon Dioxide: Recent Advances and Perspectives." In Environmental Chemistry for a Sustainable World, 67–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04949-2_4.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Bergantino, Angela Stefania, and Luisa Loiacono. "Market-Based Measures: The European Union Emission Trading Scheme and the Carbon Offsetting and Reduction Scheme for International Aviation." In Sustainable Aviation, 127–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28661-3_7.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
3

Kitada, Toshihiro, Yasuhiro Kurodai, Takaaki Shimohara, Takao Kanzaki, Masaaki Yoshikawa, and Takayuki Tokairin. "Numerical Study on Reduction of Ambient NOx, PM, and VOCs Concentrations by ACF (Activated Carbon Fiber) Fences: Effects of Generated Air Flow and Chemical Reactivity of the ACF Fences." In Air Pollution Modeling and its Application XXII, 159–65. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5577-2_27.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
4

Asuka, Jusen. "Japanese Green New Deal to Bring Happiness and Prosperity." In Energy Transition and Energy Democracy in East Asia, 81–97. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-0280-2_6.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
AbstractIn Japan, Prime Minister Suga announced in October 2020 a new goal of “carbon neutrality by 2050.” However, the energy/climate policy issued by the government after the announcement did not show any major changes in the current targets or policies. At this rate, there is a very high possibility that “carbon neutral by 2050” and the current “46% reduction by 2030 compared with 2013” pledge will become nothing but a mere political slogan. In February 2021, the “Energy Conversion for the Future Research Group” published “Report 2030: A Roadmap to 2030 for Green Recovery and Carbon Neutrality in 2050” as a Japanese version of the Green New Deal. This is an alternative to the government’s current energy/climate policies. This report presents a roadmap to the year 2030 which clarifies Japan’s essential aims and actions to be realized by 2030 in order to achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. Specifically, the report draws a systematic roadmap for investment, economic benefits, greenhouse gas emission reduction benefits, air pollution control benefits, unemployment measures, and financial resources by 2030. This chapter provides a concrete picture of Japan’s ideal green recovery by conveying the essence of the report as well as global trends.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
5

Kedir, Miftah F. "Pyrolysis Bio-oil and Bio-char Production from Firewood Tree Species for Energy and Carbon Storage in Rural Wooden Houses of Southern Ethiopia." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1313–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_183.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
AbstractThe need for emission reduction for climate management had triggered the application of pyrolysis technology on firewood that yield bio-oil, bio-char, and syngas. The purpose of present study was to select the best bio-oil and bio-char producing plants from 17 firewood tree species and to quantify the amount of carbon storage. A dried and 1 mm sieved sample of 150 g biomass of each species was pyrolyzed in assembled setup of tubular furnace using standard laboratory techniques. The bio-oil and bio-char yields were 21.1–42.87% (w/w) and 23.23–36.40% (w/w), respectively. The bio-oil yield of Acacia seyal, Dodonea angustifolia, Euclea schimperi, Eucalyptus globulus, Casuarina equisetifolia, and Grevillea robusta were over 36% (w/w), which make the total yield of bio-oil and bio-char over 62% (w/w) of the biomass samples instead of the 12% conversion efficiency in traditional carbonization. The calorific value of firewood was 16.31–19.66 MJ kg–1 and bio-oil was 23.3–33.37 MJ kg–1. The use of bio-oil for household energy and bio-char for carbon storage reduced end use emission by 71.48–118.06%, which could increase adaptation to climate change in comparison to open stove firewood by using clean fuel and reducing indoor pollution.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
6

Dajuma, Alima, Siélé Silué, Kehinde O. Ogunjobi, Heike Vogel, Evelyne Touré N’Datchoh, Véronique Yoboué, Arona Diedhiou, and Bernhard Vogel. "Biomass Burning Effects on the Climate over Southern West Africa During the Summer Monsoon." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation, 1515–32. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_86.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
AbstractBiomass Burning (BB) aerosol has attracted considerable attention due to its detrimental effects on climate through its radiative properties. In Africa, fire patterns are anticorrelated with the southward-northward movement of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ). Each year between June and September, BB occurs in the southern hemisphere of Africa, and aerosols are carried westward by the African Easterly Jet (AEJ) and advected at an altitude of between 2 and 4 km. Observations made during a field campaign of Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa (DACCIWA) (Knippertz et al., Bull Am Meteorol Soc 96:1451–1460, 2015) during the West African Monsoon (WAM) of June–July 2016 have revealed large quantities of BB aerosols in the Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) over southern West Africa (SWA).This chapter examines the effects of the long-range transport of BB aerosols on the climate over SWA by means of a modeling study, and proposes several adaptation and mitigation strategies for policy makers regarding this phenomenon. A high-resolution regional climate model, known as the Consortium for Small-scale Modelling – Aerosols and Reactive Traces (COSMO-ART) gases, was used to conduct two set of experiments, with and without BB emissions, to quantify their impacts on the SWA atmosphere. Results revealed a reduction in surface shortwave (SW) radiation of up to about 6.5 W m−2 and an 11% increase of Cloud Droplets Number Concentration (CDNC) over the SWA domain. Also, an increase of 12.45% in Particulate Matter (PM25) surface concentration was observed in Abidjan (9.75 μg m−3), Accra (10.7 μg m−3), Cotonou (10.7 μg m−3), and Lagos (8 μg m−3), while the carbon monoxide (CO) mixing ratio increased by 90 ppb in Abidjan and Accra due to BB. Moreover, BB aerosols were found to contribute to a 70% increase of organic carbon (OC) below 1 km in the PBL, followed by black carbon (BC) with 24.5%. This work highlights the contribution of the long-range transport of BB pollutants to pollution levels in SWA and their effects on the climate. It focuses on a case study of 3 days (5–7 July 2016). However, more research on a longer time period is necessary to inform decision making properly.This study emphasizes the need to implement a long-term air quality monitoring system in SWA as a method of climate change mitigation and adaptation.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
7

Pradhan, Alok. "Standards and Legislation for the Carbon Economy." In Green Technologies, 1314–29. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-472-1.ch512.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The implementation of a Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS) at the wide scale expected by the Australian government within the next 5 years would require adjustments of practices from practically all industries. The political influence in the establishment of the Australian CPRS has skewed the focus on actually lowering the national emission levels. However, honest organizations need to adopt and implement practices in line with the ISO 14001 standard to achieve this goal. Furthermore, actual monitoring of emissions and trading challenges can be managed with technology such as emissions monitoring systems, known as Predictive Emissions Monitoring Systems (PEMS) and Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems (CEMS) and online trading applications. Recently, the Copenhagen International Summit was held to combat the impacts of climate change; however the results were ineffective in comparison to the Kyoto Summit in 1997. However, if an ethical view on the Kyoto Protocol is taken, then its results are also seen to be ineffective of achieving the goal of lowering greenhouse gas emissions on an international scale, as organisations with profits as large as some national GDP’s and greenhouse gas emissions even larger have no such restrictions or imposed targets from an international standard.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
8

Pradhan, Alok. "Standards and Legislation for the Carbon Economy." In Handbook of Research on Green ICT, 592–606. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-61692-834-6.ch043.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The implementation of a Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme (CPRS) at the wide scale expected by the Australian government within the next 5 years would require adjustments of practices from practically all industries. The political influence in the establishment of the Australian CPRS has skewed the focus on actually lowering the national emission levels. However, honest organizations need to adopt and implement practices in line with the ISO 14001 standard to achieve this goal. Furthermore, actual monitoring of emissions and trading challenges can be managed with technology such as emissions monitoring systems, known as Predictive Emissions Monitoring Systems (PEMS) and Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems (CEMS) and online trading applications. Recently, the Copenhagen International Summit was held to combat the impacts of climate change; however the results were ineffective in comparison to the Kyoto Summit in 1997. However, if an ethical view on the Kyoto Protocol is taken, then its results are also seen to be ineffective of achieving the goal of lowering greenhouse gas emissions on an international scale, as organisations with profits as large as some national GDP’s and greenhouse gas emissions even larger have no such restrictions or imposed targets from an international standard.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
9

Keohane, Georgia Levenson. "REDD Forests, Green Bonds, and the Price of Carbon." In Capital and the Common Good. Columbia University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.7312/columbia/9780231178020.003.0002.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Climate change is not only among the most urgent problems covered, but is inherently interconnected with every other social and economic challenge that this book addresses. This chapter investigates the power of price signals when it comes to pollution and architecture and power of tradable emission schemes. It then examines two examples of innovation in climate finance that have evolved in spite of the delay in the development of a global market for carbon. REDD—Reduction in Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation—shows the potential of pay-for-success partnerships to reduce the destruction of rainforests and carbon emissions, though still in need of scale. In contrast green bonds have experienced tremendous growth, but lack any tight green definitions, a quantity-versus-quality conundrum we revisit throughout the book.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
10

Metcalf, Gilbert E. "Objections to a Carbon Tax." In Paying for Pollution, 115–28. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190694197.003.0009.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
This chapter addresses common objections to a carbon tax including whether the science is settled enough to put a price on greenhouse gas emissions, whether the tax will hurt economic growth, or whether the tax will kill jobs. It dispels a number of myths about climate policy and coal mining while making the case for providing transitional relief to coal miners and other groups particularly hard hit by the tax. It also discusses how the tax can be designed to ensure that long-term emission reduction goals are met.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme"

1

Mohd Azdi Maasar and Marlyn Anthonyrajah. "Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme - sustainability and financial response to Rio Tinto Group." In 2011 International Conference on Business, Engineering and Industrial Applications (ICBEIA). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icbeia.2011.5994254.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Osmond, Jane, Andree Woodcock, Jason Begley, and Katerina Frankova. "The Future of Social Transport: ‘a good idea, but…’." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference. AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe100728.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The current emphasis on congestion, pollution, quality of the transport experience and the spiralling costs of energy has led to a growth of interest in social transport, such as those offered by car and lift share schemes. Together with greener fuel and the use of technology, it is possible to widen the transport choices available to consumers. However, there has been a reported reluctance on the part of users in the UK to join up to local and national car and lift share schemes, even those that would seem to offer benefits in terms of lower costs, congestion and carbon reduction. This paper reports on qualitative research carried out by Coventry University into perceptions of social transport.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
3

Brand, H. G., J. C. Vosloo, and G. D. Bolt. "Carbon dioxide pollution reduction through load shift projects." In 2014 International Conference on the Industrial and Commercial Use of Energy (ICUE). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icue.2014.6904164.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
4

Chamy, R., P. Reyes, and E. Vivanco. "Wastewater treatment and carbon trade: impact of certified emission reduction in a biogas project." In AIR POLLUTION 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/air120381.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
5

Zhixia, Zhang, Yao Yongge, Jiang Mingming, Pan Yingyue, Yang Jing, and Song Wehai. "Pollution Reduction Effect of Rural Integrated Energy System Oriented to Low-Carbon Transformation." In 2021 IEEE/IAS Industrial and Commercial Power System Asia (I&CPS Asia). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icpsasia52756.2021.9621746.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
6

Niu, Kunyu, and Xuan Zhu. "Is Low-Carbon Together with Pollution Reduction? - Calculation of CO2 Emissions from Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants." In 2011 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2011). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2011.5998644.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
7

Wong, Kaufui V., and John Plackemeier. "Policies for Effective Trading Scheme to Reduce Carbon Dioxide Emissions." In ASME 2010 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2010-39723.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The World Bank and the Intergovernmental panel on climate change have concluded that human activities such as fossil fuel combustion have caused higher average temperatures, more violent weather patterns and higher sea levels. Governments, politicians and corporations have started to take steps to curb emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases to reduce its imbalance in the atmosphere, and in so doing, diminish the impacts it will have in the near future. While these parties have recognized the importance of significantly reducing emissions in the coming decades, there are currently no policies in the USA to accomplish these goals. At the same time that the need to reduce emissions become more and more apparent, the realization that the world’s current economy is highly carbon-dependent and that shifting to renewable energy sources would be extremely expensive as well, thus compelling governments to approach the problem cautiously. Maybe because of this reality, governments have preferred emissions trading schemes over emissions caps and taxes with no trading. Unlike a cap affecting carbon emitters uniformly, the trading schemes that have been introduced recently allow for a collective cap on emissions under which emitters are held to standards which can be achieved by reducing emissions or by buying carbon credits, which are emissions reductions that have been achieved by a different third party. At this time, the Kyoto Protocol is the most comprehensive of the commitments governments have made toward the ultimate aim of curbing greenhouse gases. Under its umbrella, many of the world’s industrialized nations (excluding the US, which signed but did not ratify owing to economic concerns) agreed to an emissions reduction of 6 to 8 percent from 1990 levels by 2012. Governments are responsible for reducing overall emissions and do this by passing on reduction goals to specific emitters who can reduce their emissions through a slew of methods. The methods include directly reducing carbon emitted as gas or purchasing carbon credits that provide a reduction in place of emissions that cannot be directly reduced. While fossil fuels have played an important role in the development of the world in the past century, financial markets have had an equally important role in creating economic growth. Emissions trading schemes have emerged in the past five years as a method to reduce carbon dioxide emissions through market forces. They are an attractive solution because they grant economic leeway to subject parties. While they carry this benefit, they are not universally ideal. This paper aims to identify the most effective ways in which emissions trading schemes can be used. An analysis of the limitations of emissions trading schemes is conducted with respect to technological and regulatory concerns in addition to different economic sectors. Further analysis of the benefits of large scale emissions trading schemes over other large scale emissions reduction methods is conducted. From this analysis, a full recommendation of strategies which would maximize the effectiveness of an emissions trading scheme is provided.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
8

Maeda, Kazuhiko. "Z-scheme reduction of carbon dioxide with visible light using a binuclear metal complex and a semiconductor." In SPIE Optics + Photonics for Sustainable Energy, edited by Chung-Li Dong. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2237456.

Повний текст джерела
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
9

Kirechev, Damyan. "CARBON FARMING - A MODERN BUSINESS MODEL FOR SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE." In AGRIBUSINESS AND RURAL AREAS - ECONOMY, INNOVATION AND GROWTH 2021. University publishing house "Science and Economics", University of Economics - Varna, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ara2021.315.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
The agricultural sector is seen by the European Commission as key to achieving a climate-neutral economy because of its carbon sequestration capabilities. In 2021, the Commission will publish results on carbon farming, in the context of the Green Deal commitments to reduce greenhouse gases and achieve carbon neutrality by 2050. The need to stimulate countries to scale up carbon farming practices is crucial. Five key areas are analyzed as the basis for a carbon-based agriculture scheme. The benefits of carbon farming can be on a number of fronts, but most notably producing more food with less pollution, while preserving the soil and sequestering carbon.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
10

Cha´vez, Rosa H., Javier de J. Guadarrama, Leticia Carapia, and Abel Herna´ndez-Guerrero. "Energy Savings and Pollution Reduction by Coupling a Three-Kiln Brick Production System for the Construction Industry." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60292.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Atmospheric pollution is one of the most important environmental problems, becoming a phenomenon that could reach levels of serious consequences with irreversible environmental impacts. In Mexico, like in several other countries, brick makers carry out brick production by burning mixtures of different heavy fuels. Because of the wide variety of fuels used it is necessary to determine what types of residual gases are generated, in order to propose remedial treatments in production or to introduce substitution technologies. These preventive actions need to be put in place in order to comply with the Ecological Balance and Environment Protection General Law. Brick kilns emit pollutant gases and particles that remain in the air causing a serious health hazard to the near-factory residents. Amongst these pollutants are carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur oxides (SOx) and hydrocarbons. This paper presents the results of the analysis of a novel 3-kilns coupled system. This experimental analysis includes the determination of the combustion products for gases and particulate matter generated from the burning of the heavy fuels using Gas Chromatography and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Field data also allowed the determination of energy savings for this system, mainly due to the reduction of the consumption of fuel. Fortunately these results show a combined 30% energy savings and a reduction of pollutants and particle emissions.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Звіти організацій з теми "Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme"

1

Yao, Yixin, Mingyuan Fan, Arnaud Heckmann, and Corazon Posadas. Transformative Solutions and Green Finance in the People’s Republic of China and Mongolia. Asian Development Bank Institute, November 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56506/xfvh2542.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Asia has experienced widespread transformation and growth, accompanied by increased demographic pressure, greater intensification of agricultural production, industrialization, and urbanization. This economic growth has been very resource- and carbon-intensive, while climate change has triggered or exacerbated behaviors and defense mechanisms that have come at the expense of the natural environment. Therefore, we examine and compare three Asian Development Bank (ADB) projects in two member countries of the Central Asia Regional Economic Cooperation: one in the People’s Republic of China (PRC) and two in Mongolia that relate to sustainable green development and use innovative financial mechanisms, and behavior-changing nudges. We provide comparative analyses and aim to demonstrate effective, innovative, and sustainable green finance and green transformation approaches in these two countries to address these pressures. The ADB–PRC loan for the Anhui Huangshan Xin’an River Ecological Protection and Green Development project aims to help Huangshan municipality reduce water pollution in the Xin’an River Basin, which is part of the Yangtze River Economic Belt. The project is piloting innovative green financing mechanisms to reduce rural pollution and complement the ongoing interprovincial eco-compensation scheme while supporting green agroecological businesses through two interventions: the Green Investment Fund and the Green Incentive Mechanism. In Mongolia, ADB and the Government of Mongolia have developed two large-scale transformative projects using integrated design and innovative green financing mechanisms to leverage private sector investment: (i) Aimags and Soums Green Regional Development Investment Program, which aims to promote green urban–rural linkages, green agribusiness development, natural capital, rangeland regeneration, and soil carbon sequestration through the (ii) Ulaanbaatar Green Affordable Housing and Resilient Urban Renewal Project, which aims to transform Ulaanbaatar’s vulnerable and substandard peri-urban areas into low-carbon, resilient eco-districts that provide access to green affordable housing.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
2

Kudin, Roman, Prabhat Chand, and Anura Bakmeedeniya. Mitigating Nitrogen Oxides Exhaust Emissions from Petrol Vehicles by Application of a Fuel Additive. Unitec ePress, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/rsrp.083.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
This research has been commissioned by Eco Fuel Global Limited, a New Zealand-based company, to further evaluate the effects of their fuel-additive product on the tailpipe exhaust emissions of petrol cars. At the time this research was conducted (end of 2018), the product was still in development and had not been released to the market. Prior to the testing in this research, an initial pilot test was done for the same product on a single car (Nissan Pulsar 1998), which showed favourable results, with a reduction in hydrocarbons and oxides of nitrogen at the tailpipe by more than 70%. The current research included five test cars, all running on RON 95 fuel, with the years of manufacture ranging between 1994 and 2006, and the odometer readings between 112,004 km and 264,001 km. The effects of the fuel-additive product were assessed by comparing the emissions from a car running on standard fuel with the emissions from the same car after it completed a road run (250±20 km) on the additive-treated fuel. The exhaust emissions were measured using the AVL series 4000 Emission Tester, which analyses five components: carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), hydrocarbons (HC) and oxygen (O2). The most noticeable outcome of using the fuel-additive product was the reduction in the concentration of oxides of nitrogen in the tailpipe exhaust (by up to 27.7%), when compared with the same cars running on standard fuel. In addition, the results showed a decrease in residual oxygen concentration, which normally indicates more complete utilisation of O2 as an oxidising agent. Mitigating Nitrogen Oxides Exhaust Emissions from Petrol Vehicles by Application of a Fuel Additive Dr Roman Kudin, Prabhat Chand and Anura Bakmeedeniya 2 The changes for other emission parameters were either relatively small (below 1%) or were not statistically significant. The application of such fuel-additive products could be beneficial for mitigating nitrogen oxides exhaust emissions from petrol vehicles in countries with ageing car fleets. These include New Zealand, which has a relatively high proportion of old cars in use, with no government-run scrappage scheme, and without a mandatory objective emissions testing.
Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.
Також вас можуть зацікавити розширені добірки на тему "Carbon Pollution Reduction Scheme" для конкретних типів джерел:
Статті в журналах Книги
Ми пропонуємо знижки на всі преміум-плани для авторів, чиї праці увійшли до тематичних добірок літератури. Зв'яжіться з нами, щоб отримати унікальний промокод!

До бібліографії