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Статті в журналах з теми "Carbon pump"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 1 березня 2024

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1

Pautova, Larisa A., and Vladimir A. Silkin. "Biological carbon pump in the ocean and phytoplankton structure." Hydrosphere Еcology (Экология гидросферы), no. 1(3) (2019): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33624/2587-9367-2019-1(3)-1-12.

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The process of carbon transfer from the atmosphere to the ocean floor is determined by three different pumps in nature: a solubility pump, an organic pump and a carbonate pump. The latter two are of biological nature. Phytoplankton is a key mediator of organic and carbonate pumps. Depending on its structure, either an organic pump or a carbonate pump will dominate. The structure of the phytoplankton community is formed depending on the hydrophysical and hydrochemical conditions in the ocean. An important regulator of a biological carbon pump is the intensity of the processes in the carbon cycl

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2

Silkin, Vladimir A., Oleg I. Podymov, and Anna V. Lifanchuk. "Biological carbon pump in the Black Sea." Hydrosphere Еcology (Экология гидросферы), no. 2(8) (December 2022): 69–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.33624/2587-9367-2022-2(8)-69-92.

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In the northeastern part of the Black Sea, the biological carbon pump is represented by both organic and carbonate pumps. The organic carbon pump consists of small-cell diatoms (mainly Pseudo-nitzschia pseudodelicatissima) and large-cell diatoms (Pseudosolenia calcar-avis and Proboscia alata). The carbonate pump is represented by only one species of cococcolithophore, Emiliania huxleyi. These species form intense blooms that require characteristic hydrological and hydrochemical conditions. The seasonal dynamics of the biological carbon pump is as follows: organic pump (spring) → carbonate pump

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3

Hamme, Roberta C., David P. Nicholson, William J. Jenkins, and Steven R. Emerson. "Using Noble Gases to Assess the Ocean's Carbon Pumps." Annual Review of Marine Science 11, no. 1 (2019): 75–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-121916-063604.

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Natural mechanisms in the ocean, both physical and biological, concentrate carbon in the deep ocean, resulting in lower atmospheric carbon dioxide. The signals of these carbon pumps overlap to create the observed carbon distribution in the ocean, making the individual impact of each pump difficult to disentangle. Noble gases have the potential to directly quantify the physical carbon solubility pump and to indirectly improve estimates of the biological organic carbon pump. Noble gases are biologically inert, can be precisely measured, and span a range of physical properties. We present dissolv

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4

Basok, B. I., S. V. Dubovskyi, E. P. Pastushenko, Ye Ye Nikitin, and Ye T. Bazeev. "HEAT PUMPS AS A TREND OF LOW-CARBON ENERGY DEVELOPMENT." Energy Technologies & Resource Saving 75, no. 2 (2023): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.33070/etars.2.2023.02.

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An overview of the energy and economic problems of using heat pumps is given. The stages of the development of the world and European energy industry with their inherent economic and financial crises and their influence on the application volume of heat pumps are shown. The main regulatory and technical legislation of European countries in the scope of heat pumps and related sectors of the economy is presented. The main factors of the use of heat pump equipment are considered, the challenges and possible development trends are analyzed. Energy management and economic measures that contributed

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5

BAIK, YOUNG-JIN, MINSUNG KIM, and HO-SANG RA. "SIMULATION ON THE PERFORMANCE OF CARBON DIOXIDE AND HYDROCARBON HEAT PUMPS FOR MODERATE TO HIGH TEMPERATURE HEATING." International Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration 22, no. 01 (2014): 1450001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2010132514500011.

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In order to compare the performance of the carbon dioxide, propane and isobutane heat pumps for moderate to high temperature heating, the three heat pump cycles were optimized using a simulation method. To fairly compare the performance of the cycles by using different working fluids, each cycle was optimized from the viewpoint of heating COP by two design parameters. The first is the gas cooler (or condenser) exit temperature and the other is the ratio of the overall heat conductance of the gas cooler to the combined overall heat conductance of the gas cooler and the evaporator. The inlet and

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6

Sewastianik, Sara, and Andrzej Gajewski. "Carbon Dioxide Emissions from a Ground Heat Pump for a Detached House." Proceedings 16, no. 1 (2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019016024.

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Inasmuch as the European Union promotes only energetically viable heat pumps in a given location, the aim of the work is an assessment of whether a ground-to-water heat pump (ground source heat pump: GSHP) can be considered as an ecological heat generator in Polish climatic conditions and those of the energy market. Here, as an estimator, the net seasonal coefficient of performance (SCOPnet) was selected. Estimation was done using 10-year temperature measurements. It was found that in heating mode SCOPnet value equaled 4.83, satisfying European Commission guidelines. According to the guideline

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7

Lin, Jr-Lin, and Shyh-Fang Kang. "Analysis of carbon emission hot spot and pumping energy efficiency in water supply system." Water Supply 19, no. 1 (2018): 200–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2018.067.

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Abstract Evaluation of carbon emission hot spots for water treatment plants (WTPs) is crucial to reduce carbon emissions. This study aims to analyze carbon emission data generated at Bansin WTP following the PAS 2050 guidelines. The boundary of inventory and assessment includes water intake, purification, and distribution stages. In addition, pumping efficiency, power consumption per pump lift and specific energy consumption were used to estimate the potential of energy reduction in pumping for Bansin and Baoshan WTPs. The results have revealed that the carbon footprint of Bansin WTP is 0.39 k

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8

Gajewski, Gładyszewska-Fiedoruk, and Krawczyk. "Carbon Dioxide Emissions during Air, Ground, or Groundwater Heat Pump Performance in Białystok." Sustainability 11, no. 18 (2019): 5087. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11185087.

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The increasing global temperature has induced many states to limit carbon dioxide emissions. The European Union (EU) promotes replacing boilers with heat pumps. However, in countries where electricity is mainly supplied through fossil fuel combustion, condensing gas boilers may prove to be more ecological heat generators. Although this problem was investigated in a particular situation, an algorithm can be applied elsewhere. The running expenditures for the following different heat generators that are available in a location were estimated: water heat pump, brine heat pump, air heat pump, cond

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9

Sit, Mihail, and Anatoliy Juravliov. "Hybrid Carbon Dioxide Heat Pump for the Multifamily Residential Buildings in the Heat Supply System Based on CHP." Problems of the Regional Energetics, no. 3(51) (August 2021): 91–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2021.3-51.08.

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The work is devoted to centralized heat supply systems based on CHP plants and the use with them heat pumps (HP) on carbon dioxide as refrigerant. Heat pumps are used in heat supply systems for buildings and use the heat of the outside air and, at the same time, the heat of the return network water (WWR) as a source of low-grade heat (LHP). The aim of the study is to develop a structural diagram of such a heat pump, where the outside air is heated by a heat exchanger installed in the return water line of the heating system, to develop a hydraulic circuit of a heat pump taking into account the

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10

Cheng, Ling, Zesheng Yu, Shiyao Xia, et al. "Evaluation and Optimization of heat Pump Combined District Heating System: A Case Study of China." Energies 15, no. 20 (2022): 7622. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15207622.

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The district heating area in China is continuously increasing, which brings an increase in district heating load. In order to solve the shortage of heating power and realize the carbon neutral target, this study proposes two retrofit schemes for district heating system by integrating air source heat pump and water source heat pump, respectively. Mathematical models are established to study the performance of the integrated systems and a bilevel optimization model is proposed to optimize them. The results show that the air source heat pump combined district heating system has better performance

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11

Ödalen, Malin, Jonas Nycander, Kevin I. C. Oliver, Laurent Brodeau, and Andy Ridgwell. "The influence of the ocean circulation state on ocean carbon storage and CO<sub>2</sub> drawdown potential in an Earth system model." Biogeosciences 15, no. 5 (2018): 1367–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-1367-2018.

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Abstract. During the four most recent glacial cycles, atmospheric CO2 during glacial maxima has been lowered by about 90–100 ppm with respect to interglacials. There is widespread consensus that most of this carbon was partitioned in the ocean. It is, however, still debated which processes were dominant in achieving this increased carbon storage. In this paper, we use an Earth system model of intermediate complexity to explore the sensitivity of ocean carbon storage to ocean circulation state. We carry out a set of simulations in which we run the model to pre-industrial equilibrium, but in whi

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12

Chen, Chen-Tung Arthur. "Microbial carbon pump: additional considerations." Nature Reviews Microbiology 9, no. 7 (2011): 555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrmicro2386-c4.

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13

Sunda, W. G. "Iron and the Carbon Pump." Science 327, no. 5966 (2010): 654–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1186151.

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14

Lin, Yaolin, Zhenyan Bu, Wei Yang, Haisong Zhang, Valerie Francis, and Chun-Qing Li. "A Review on the Research and Development of Solar-Assisted Heat Pump for Buildings in China." Buildings 12, no. 9 (2022): 1435. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings12091435.

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The building sector accounts for over 40% of global energy consumption. The utilization of renewable energy systems such as the solar-assisted heat pump (SAHP) in buildings has been shown to improve building energy efficiency and achieve carbon neutrality. This paper presents a review of the research and development of solar-assisted heat pumps for buildings in China. It firstly introduces the different stages of solar-assisted heat pump research. Secondly, the research on different types of heat pumps, the core components of heat pumps, the computer software used, and the economic feasibility

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15

Sit, M. L., A. A. Juravleov, M. S. Tirsu, D. V. Timchenko, M. L. Lupu, and V. P. Daud. "Bivalent Carbon Dioxide Heat Pump for Heating Multi-Storey Buildings." Problems of the Regional Energetics, no. 2(58) (May 2023): 97–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.52254/1857-0070.2023.2-58-09.

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The aim of the work is to analyze the operation of a hybrid heat pump that simultaneously uses the heat of the return network water and outdoor air for heating multi-storey buildings. To achieve this goal, the following tasks are solved: the influence of influences on the temperature of the return network water, air temperature and their compensation on the operation of the product is considered, intermediate circuits at the evaporator and gas cooler are considered for transferring a variable heat load to the heat pump and from the heat pump. The most significant results are the hydraulicaerod

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16

Valancius, Rokas, Rao Martand Singh, Andrius Jurelionis, and Juozas Vaiciunas. "A Review of Heat Pump Systems and Applications in Cold Climates: Evidence from Lithuania." Energies 12, no. 22 (2019): 4331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12224331.

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Similar to other cold climate countries, space heating and domestic hot water (DHW) accounts form the largest share of household energy demand in Lithuania. Heat pump technology is considered to be one of the environmentally friendly solutions to increase energy efficiency and reduce the carbon footprint of buildings. Heat pumps have been finding their way into the Lithuanian market since 2002, and currently there are many good practice examples present in the country, especially in the residential and public sectors. Heat pump use is economically advantageous in the Baltic Region, and the mar

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17

Pei, Yingju, Qingyou Liu, and Kim Tiow Ooi. "Research on Energy-Efficient Disc Pumps: A Review on Physical Models and Energy Efficiency." Machines 11, no. 10 (2023): 954. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/machines11100954.

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Disc pumps have obvious advantages in dealing with difficult-to-pump media. Energy efficiency and sustainable energy management are important topics with regard to reducing costs and promoting carbon neutrality. Though the concept of the disc pump was proposed in the 1850s, development was slow and limited by its initial model. However, with the development of industries such as petrochemicals and food, the efficient pumping of difficult-to-pump media is much needed, but facing challenges. Therefore, research on energy-efficient disc pumps is particularly important moving forward. In this pape

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18

Manikandan, P., P. Gokulnathan, S. Darshis Pream Kumar Simson, M. Yogesh, and M. Hariprakash. "Design and Analysis of Fixed-Segment Carrier at Carbon Thrust Bearing." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, no. 5 (2023): 3235–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.52324.

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Abstract: This thesis work aimed to provide a design and analysis of fixed segment carrier at carbon thrust bearing. With increased the bearing efficiency and reduced the frictional loss and wear resistance. Thrust bearings plays vital role in submersible pumps. Thrust bearings are fixed bottom of the submersible pumps so total thrust or axial load acting on the thrust collar. Thrust collar are manufacturing with resin mixed carbon and casting material and the segments are manufacturing with casting material and stainless steel material. Two types of materials combines to manufacture the segme

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19

Denton, Richard A. "Development of high-vacuum equipment for EM specimen preparation." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (1992): 1082–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100130043.

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High-vacuum techniques made electron microscopy possible. In the 1930s vacuum evaporators with glass or metal chambers, diffusion pumps and oil sealed mechanical pumps were used in Europe and the U.S. The earliest systems used mercury pumps with liquid air traps. Oil diffusion pumps were manufactured in the U.S. by D.P.I. from glass or metal. In 1940 the first RCA TEM went into production as the EMB. First shadow casting in the U.S. was by Williams and Wycoff in 1944 and in Europe by Műller in 1942. Due to war secrecy, neither knew about the other. In 1944 RCA built the first production evapor

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20

Li, Ya Rong, and Teng Fei Zheng. "Design of Household Carbon Dioxide Heat Pump Controller Man-Machine Interface Based on C8051F500." Advanced Materials Research 945-949 (June 2014): 2606–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.945-949.2606.

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Carbon dioxide heat pump controller using carbon dioxide phase transition theory, in conjunction with the heat pump main controller and man-machine interface, can realize the user free on the regulation of water temperature. The carbon dioxide heat pump controller design of a human-computer interface. The control core with C8051F500 MCU as the main body of the system, has a unique memory function, including function: display module, key module, clock module, communication module, power module, and the heat pump main control board through the CAN bus. Through the experiment, the system is stabl

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21

Li, Xinyi, Feifan Cao, Yanjie Hu, and Yingqi Hui. "Externalities Analysis on Heat Pump System (EU)." Advances in Economics, Management and Political Sciences 28, no. 1 (2023): 13–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2754-1169/28/20231274.

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This paper analysis the positive externalities of using heat pumps in European so-ciety to solve the high-temperature problem. Through the paper, heat pump as a potential solution to the climate problem, contemplating how it is done, why it is the best solution, and what are the positive externalities specifically to the City of London. The heat pump is renewable and can reduce carbon dioxide and sulfur emissions. In order to better introduce the benefits of heat pumps in those high-temperature cities, the author thus chooses to create a hypothetical city which is called M&M City. In the s

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22

Birch, Heather, Daniela N. Schmidt, Helen K. Coxall, Dick Kroon, and Andy Ridgwell. "Ecosystem function after the K/Pg extinction: decoupling of marine carbon pump and diversity." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 288, no. 1953 (2021): 20210863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2021.0863.

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The ocean biological pump is the mechanism by which carbon and nutrients are transported to depth. As such, the biological pump is critical in the partitioning of carbon dioxide between the ocean and atmosphere, and the rate at which that carbon can be sequestered through burial in marine sediments. How the structure and function of planktic ecosystems in the ocean govern the strength and efficiency of the biological pump and its resilience to disruption are poorly understood. The aftermath of the impact at the Cretaceous/Palaeogene (K/Pg) boundary provides an ideal opportunity to address thes

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23

Galimullin, Minivaris L., and Marat Ya Khabibullin. "Optimization of capital repair of rod pumps by advanced technologies." Oil and Gas Studies, no. 1 (April 4, 2019): 90–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31660/0445-0108-2019-1-90-96.

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The designs of rod pumps, produced by domestic factories, have a significant repair resource. It allows us to make repeatedly a deep overhaul of the plunger pair with usage of advanced technologies. This technologies include mechanical treatment of deep holes (cylinder rod pump L = 3 m or more); thermochemical treatment of the cylinder in shaft furnaces in a carbon dioxide environment; hot spraying with wear-resistant powder grade PRNH16SRZ. Application of the above-mentioned advanced technologies during overhaul of rod pump allows optimizing the costs of its repair, increasing the service lif

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24

Jónasdóttir, Sigrún Huld, André W. Visser, Katherine Richardson, and Michael R. Heath. "Seasonal copepod lipid pump promotes carbon sequestration in the deep North Atlantic." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, no. 39 (2015): 12122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1512110112.

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Estimates of carbon flux to the deep oceans are essential for our understanding of global carbon budgets. Sinking of detrital material (“biological pump”) is usually thought to be the main biological component of this flux. Here, we identify an additional biological mechanism, the seasonal “lipid pump,” which is highly efficient at sequestering carbon into the deep ocean. It involves the vertical transport and metabolism of carbon rich lipids by overwintering zooplankton. We show that one species, the copepod Calanus finmarchicus overwintering in the North Atlantic, sequesters an amount of car

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25

Yu, Yunjin, Yadong Wei, and Jian Wang. "Carbon nanotube-based quantum spin pump." New Journal of Physics 8, no. 5 (2006): 73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/8/5/073.

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26

Kintisch, E. "CARBON SEQUESTRATION: Should Oceanographers Pump Iron?" Science 318, no. 5855 (2007): 1368–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.318.5855.1368.

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27

Zhao, Ruikai, Shuai Deng, Yinan Liu, Qing Zhao, Junnan He, and Li Zhao. "Carbon pump: Fundamental theory and applications." Energy 119 (January 2017): 1131–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2016.11.076.

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28

Bonilla Garcia, Diego Ramon, Margarita Gil Samaniego Ramos, Conrado García, Armando Perez-Sanchez, and Marcos Coronado. "Real-Time Generation of Operational Characteristic Curves for Municipal Water Pumping Systems: An Approach to Energy Efficiency and Carbon Footprint." Energies 16, no. 22 (2023): 7532. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16227532.

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Water supply represents a significant electrical load worldwide. The operation of inefficient pumps contributes to increased energy demand and carbon footprint. Current methods for evaluating industrial water pumps present technical and economic challenges that need to be addressed. For these reasons, we developed a practical and cost-effective virtual instrument called the Pumping Evaluation System (PES). The PES tool performs real-time monitoring of electrical, hydraulic, and efficiency data, as well as the Operating Characteristic (OC) curves. The PES tool was implemented on a vertical pump

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29

Sun, Jian, Yinwu Wang, Yu Qin, Guoshun Wang, Ran Liu, and Yongping Yang. "A Review of Super-High-Temperature Heat Pumps over 100 °C." Energies 16, no. 12 (2023): 4591. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16124591.

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The high-temperature heat pump, as a low-carbonization technology, has broad application prospects in replacing boiler heating, reducing carbon dioxide emissions, and improving the energy utilization efficiency. In this paper, the working fluid, cycle process, key equipment (compressor), and application scenarios of high-temperature heat pumps are introduced in detail. Firstly, the research direction of the working fluid is introduced and the existing working fluid substitution is analyzed and summarized. Then, the characteristics of different heat pump cycles such as compression, absorption,

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30

Spahiu, Dr Sc Aida, Dr Sc Orion Zavalani, and MSc Altin Uka. "Using Variable Speed Control on Pump Application." ILIRIA International Review 2, no. 1 (2012): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.21113/iir.v2i1.174.

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Pumps are one of the most common variable speed drive (VSD) system applications and special interest has focused on improving their energy efficiency by using variable speed control instead of throttling or other less efficient flow control methods. Pumps are the single largest user of electricity in industry in the European Union, consuming 160 TWh per annum of electricity and accounting for 79 million tonnes of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions [1]. Centrifugal pumps are the most likely pump style to provide a favorable return based on energy savings when applied with a variable speed drive. To

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31

Li, Yantong, Natasa Nord, Inge Håvard Rekstad, Stein Kristian Skånøy, and Lars Konrad Sørensen. "Study of a water-source CO2 heat pump for residential use: experimental discharge pressure control and performance analysis." E3S Web of Conferences 246 (2021): 06010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124606010.

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The heat pumps with the refrigerant of carbon dioxide (CO2), i.e., CO2 heat pumps, have the merits of low price and environmentally friendliness in comparison with those with traditional refrigerants, e.g., hydrochlorofluorocarbons and chlorofluorocarbons. Current studies mainly focused on the air-source CO2 heat pumps, while investigations about the CO2 heat pumps gaining heat or cold energy from different mediums, e.g., water, are lacking. In addition, although few studies presented the investigations on the discharge pressure of the CO2 heat pumps (e.g., investigations of optimal discharge

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32

Abildinova, S. K., R. A. Musabekov, A. S. Rasmukhametova, and S. V. Chicherin. "Evaluation of the Energy Efficiency of the Stage Compression Heat Pump Cycle." ENERGETIKA. Proceedings of CIS higher education institutions and power engineering associations 62, no. 3 (2019): 293–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.21122/1029-7448-2019-62-3-293-302.

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The increase in production and modernization of existing heat pumps are global trends in the development and implementation of heat pump technology. Application of refrigerant with zero potential ozone depletion relative to fluorinetrichloromethane and minimum values of global warming potentials relative to carbon dioxide is environmentally justified in pumps. Prospective are stage compression heat pump units and, also, consecutive and cascade schemes of inclusion which provide higher temperature of the heat carrier in the system of heat supply. Improving the efficiency of the heat pump depend

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33

Rezaei, Abolfazl, Bahador Samadzadegan, Hadise Rasoulian, et al. "A New Modeling Approach for Low-Carbon District Energy System Planning." Energies 14, no. 5 (2021): 1383. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14051383.

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Designing district-scale energy systems with renewable energy sources is still a challenge, as it involves modeling of multiple loads and many options to combine energy system components. In the current study, two different energy system scenarios for a district in Montreal/Canada are compared to choose the most cost-effective and energy-efficient energy system scenario for the studied area. In the first scenario, a decentral energy system comprised of ground-source heat pumps provides heating and cooling for each building, while, in the second scenario, a district heating and cooling system w

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34

Mathi, Selvam, Rudra Kumar, Rajaram K. Nagarale, and Ashutosh Sharma. "Graphitic carbon coupled poly(anthraquinone) for proton shuttle flow-in-a-cell application." Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 19, no. 12 (2017): 8447–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6cp08419b.

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35

Duan, Wen Hui, and Quan Wang. "Water Transport with a Carbon Nanotube Pump." ACS Nano 4, no. 4 (2010): 2338–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/nn1001694.

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Omta, Anne Willem, Jorn Bruggeman, Bas Kooijman, and Henk Dijkstra. "The organic carbon pump in the Atlantic." Journal of Sea Research 62, no. 2-3 (2009): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.seares.2009.06.005.

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Liang, Chao. "Soil microbial carbon pump: Mechanism and appraisal." Soil Ecology Letters 2, no. 4 (2020): 241–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s42832-020-0052-4.

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Sevindik, Selman, and Catalina Spataru. "An Integrated Methodology for Scenarios Analysis of Low Carbon Technologies Uptake towards a Circular Economy: The Case of Orkney." Energies 16, no. 1 (2022): 419. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16010419.

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Анотація:

This study aims to create a comprehensive, holistic approach to evaluate the environmental, energy, and economic impacts of air source heat pump deployment scenarios through: (i) a life cycle assessment of air source heat pumps in Orkney houses, (ii) energy systems optimisation modelling to optimise the performance of an air source heat pump coupled with thermal energy storage tank to reduce use phase related impacts in Orkney, (iii) modelling of Orkney’s domestic building stock to understand the housing condition, and (iv) economic modelling to analyse the life cycle cost of an air source hea

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Lepiksaar, Kertu, Kiur Kalme, Andres Siirde, and Anna Volkova. "Heat Pump Use in Rural District Heating Networks in Estonia." Environmental and Climate Technologies 25, no. 1 (2021): 786–802. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rtuect-2021-0059.

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Abstract District heating has proven to be an efficient way of providing space heating and domestic hot water in populated areas. It has also proven to be an excellent way to integrate various renewable energy sources (RES) into the energy system. In Estonia, biomass covers most of the heat demand, but carbon-intensive fuels are still used to cover peaks and lows. Heat pumps can be a good solution for rural areas, as there is usually plenty of land available for heat pump facilities. In addition, heat pumps require low-grade heat sources such as ambient air, groundwater, lakes, rivers, sea, se

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Liu, Hao, Hongyi Zhang, and Saqib Javed. "Long-Term Performance Measurement and Analysis of a Small-Scale Ground Source Heat Pump System." Energies 13, no. 17 (2020): 4527. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13174527.

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Recent data suggest that heat pumps, despite having the potential to cover over 90% of the global space and water heating demands, only provide less than 5% of global heating. Heat pumps, in general, and ground source heat pumps, specifically, offer significant potential for energy savings and carbon emissions reduction in buildings. The realization of these potential benefits, however, requires proper design, installation, and operation of the entire heat pump system. This paper presents the performance analysis of a Swedish ground source heat pump system providing space heating and hot water

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Lin, Jinbao, Yanjuan Jin, Zhu Zhang, and Xiaochao Cui. "Strength Analysis of the Carbon-Fiber Reinforced Polymer Impeller Based on Fluid Solid Coupling Method." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/803261.

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Carbon-fiber reinforced polymer material impeller is designed for the centrifugal pump to deliver corrosive, toxic, and abrasive media in the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The pressure-velocity coupling fields in the pump are obtained from the CFD simulation. The stress distribution of the impeller couple caused by the flow water pressure and rotation centrifugal force of the blade is analyzed using one-way fluid-solid coupling method. Results show that the strength of the impeller can meet the requirement of the centrifugal pumps, and the largest stress occurred around the blades ro

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de Santoli, Livio, Gianluigi Lo Basso, Davide Astiaso Garcia, Giuseppe Piras, and Giulia Spiridigliozzi. "Dynamic Simulation Model of Trans-Critical Carbon Dioxide Heat Pump Application for Boosting Low Temperature Distribution Networks in Dwellings." Energies 12, no. 3 (2019): 484. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12030484.

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This research investigates the role of new hybrid energy system applications for developing a new plant refurbishment strategy to deploy small scale smart energy systems. This work deals with a dynamic simulation of trans-critical carbon dioxide heat pump application for boosting low temperature distribution networks to share heat for dwellings. Heat pumps provide high temperature heat to use the traditional emission systems. The new plant layout consists of an air source heat pump, four trans-critical carbon dioxide heat pumps (CO2-HPs), photovoltaic arrays, and a combined heat and power (CHP

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Kassai, Miklós. "Heat Pump Heating System Development of Educational Building based on Energy, Economical and Environmental Impacts." Periodica Polytechnica Mechanical Engineering 63, no. 3 (2019): 207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.3311/ppme.13872.

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In this research the technical designing of energy efficient heating system with vertical-borehole heat pumps for institutional buildings was performed. The local government would like to change the old gas boiler-based heat producing system to up-to-date, environmental friendly equipment with the financial support of the European Union. The payback time was calculated and environmental calculations were achieved with carbon dioxide saving by various conditions that were also achieved during the research project. The results show that the heat pump system also provides a significant reduction

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Jiao, Nianzhi, and Qiang Zheng. "The Microbial Carbon Pump: from Genes to Ecosystems." Applied and Environmental Microbiology 77, no. 21 (2011): 7439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.05640-11.

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ABSTRACTThe majority of marine dissolved organic carbon (DOC) is resistant to biological degradation and thus can remain in the water column for thousands of years, constituting carbon sequestration in the ocean. To date the origin of such recalcitrant DOC (RDOC) is unclear. A recently proposed conceptual framework, the microbial carbon pump (MCP), emphasizes the microbial transformation of organic carbon from labile to recalcitrant states. The MCP is concerned with both microbial uptakes and outputs of DOC compounds, covering a wide range from gene to ecosystem levels. In this minireview, the

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Sewastianik, Sara, and Andrzej Gajewski. "Ecological Analysis of Heat Pumps in Poland in Terms of Carbon Dioxide Emissions." Proceedings 51, no. 1 (2020): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020051033.

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The purpose of this work is a comparison of indirect carbon dioxide emissions between the different heat pump types that operate in Polish climate conditions. This analysis embraces an air–water heat pump (ASHP), ground–water heat pump (GSHP), water–water heat pump (WSHP), and a WSHP with a separating heat exchanger (SHE) in the selected towns, one in each climatic zone in the country. The study starts from a computation of heat demand and electrical energy consumption in every hour of the heating season using temperature values taken from a typical meteorological year (TMY). Then, seasonal co

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Kang, Ligai, Hao Li, Zhichao Wang, Jinzhu Wang, Dongxiang Sun, and Yang Yang. "Investigation of Energy Consumption via an Equivalent Thermal Resistance-Capacitance Model for a Northern Rural Residence." Energies 16, no. 23 (2023): 7835. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en16237835.

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To achieve the goal of carbon peaking, it is crucial to reduce both carbon emissions and energy consumption during the operational stage of residential buildings. This paper proposed a method for assessing carbon emissions and energy consumption for an energy system utilized in a rural residence. First, an equivalent thermal resistance-capacitance model for a rural residence was established. The parameters of thermal resistance and capacitance were optimized based on the data collected from an operating air source heat pump heating system. On this basis, the energy consumption was derived, and

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Tagliabue, Alessandro, and Joseph Resing. "Impact of hydrothermalism on the ocean iron cycle." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 374, no. 2081 (2016): 20150291. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0291.

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As the iron supplied from hydrothermalism is ultimately ventilated in the iron-limited Southern Ocean, it plays an important role in the ocean biological carbon pump. We deploy a set of focused sensitivity experiments with a state of the art global model of the ocean to examine the processes that regulate the lifetime of hydrothermal iron and the role of different ridge systems in governing the hydrothermal impact on the Southern Ocean biological carbon pump. Using GEOTRACES section data, we find that stabilization of hydrothermal iron is important in some, but not all regions. The impact on t

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Wang, Dongsheng, Peng Zhang, Haixiang Ma, Zhixuan Li, Suqian Xu, and Chaoqun Tan. "Intelligent Collaborative Optimal Scheduling for Water Intake-Supply Pump Groups in Drinking Water Treatment Plants." International Journal of Energy Research 2024 (January 16, 2024): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2024/7800284.

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Up to 80% of the electrical energy is consumed by pump groups in water purification plants. Optimizing the scheduling of water intake-supply pump groups is crucial for saving electrical energy and reducing carbon dioxide emissions while ensuring water supply and security requirements are met. Herein, an intelligent collaborative optimal scheduling method is proposed for the water intake pump groups, clean-water reservoirs, and water supply pump groups. A long short-term memory (LSTM) network is applied to predict the flow of the water supply pump group, and a data-driven approach is used to pl

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Pinti, Jérôme, Tim DeVries, Tommy Norin, et al. "Model estimates of metazoans' contributions to the biological carbon pump." Biogeosciences 20, no. 5 (2023): 997–1009. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-997-2023.

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Abstract. The daily vertical migrations of fish and other metazoans actively transport organic carbon from the ocean surface to depth, contributing to the biological carbon pump. We use an oxygen-constrained, game-theoretic food-web model to simulate diel vertical migrations and estimate near-global (global ocean minus coastal areas and high latitudes) carbon fluxes and sequestration by fish and zooplankton due to respiration, fecal pellets, and deadfalls. Our model provides estimates of the carbon export and sequestration potential for a range of pelagic functional groups, despite uncertain b

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Sieres, Jaime, Ignacio Ortega, Fernando Cerdeira, Estrella Álvarez, and José M. Santos. "Seasonal Efficiency of a Brine-to-Water Heat Pump with Different Control Options according to Ecodesign Standards." Clean Technologies 4, no. 2 (2022): 542–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cleantechnol4020033.

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The seasonal performance of a heat pump indicates its average performance during the heating and/or cooling season, taking into account the different energy demands and their variability over time. Several European and international regulations and policies related with energy efficiency and the reduction of the carbon footprint of energy related products are affecting the heat pump industry. Among them, the ecodesign regulations impose minimum energy efficiency values for heat pumps, efficiencies that are based on the seasonal coefficient of performance. This work is focused on a domestic bri

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