Статті в журналах: "Carrageenan-based films"

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Meindrawan, Bayu, Nugraha Edhi Suyatma, Tien R. Muchtadi, and Evi Savitri Iriani. "Preparation and Characterization of Bionanocomposite Films Made from Carrageenan, Beeswax and ZnO Nanoparticles." Materials Science Forum 872 (September 2016): 157–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.872.157.

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The objective of this study was to develop biopolymer based films as alternative of synthetic petroleum based-packaging. The ZnO NPs (0.5 and 1% w/w carrageenan) and beeswax (3% v/v), as hydrophobic component, were incorporated into carrageenan polymer to produced bionanocomposite films. The resulting films were characterized using SEM. The physical and mechanical properties of films were also investigated. The addition of ZnO NPs and beeswax resulted in different morphological surface as well as influenced the surface color of carrageenan film. Incorporation of ZnO NPs increased TS and EAB of the film, while WVTR decreased. Furthermore, the presence of beeswax within the carrageenan and or its nanocomposite films promoted synergistic effect with ZnO NPs in reducing WVTR and EAB, however decreased TS of films. Therefore, these bionanocomposite films were potentially used in packaging industry to maintain the quality of food stuffs.

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Rusli, Arham, M. Metusalach, and Mulyati Muhammad Tahir. "Characterization of Carrageenan Edible films Plasticized with Glycerol." Jurnal Pengolahan Hasil Perikanan Indonesia 20, no. 2 (August 10, 2017): 219. http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v20i2.17499.

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Concentration of base materials and plasticizers used in the formulation of edible film was believed to affect physical characteristics of the film. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of base material (carrageenan) and plasticiser (glycerol) concentrations on the characteristics of edible films produced and to determine the best concentrations of these two components based on the physical characteristics of the films. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized factorial design with triplicated. The treatments applied were the concentrations of carrageenan (1%, 2%, and 3% (w/v)) and glycerol (5%, 10%, and 15% (w/w)). The results showed that carrageenan and glycerol concentrations used in the formulation of edible film affect the edible film characteristics. Film thickness and moisture content were significantly influenced by carrageenan and glycerol concentrations, while film elongation was only affected by carrageenan concentration. The best physical characteristic of the edible films was obtained when carrageenan and glycerol concentrations were 3% and 10% respectively.

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Rhim, Jong-Whan, Saygin Kuzeci, Swarup Roy, Necmettin Akti, Cumali Tav, and Ugur Yahsi. "Effect of Free Volume on Curcumin Release from Various Polymer-Based Composite Films Analyzed Using Positron Annihilation Lifetime Spectroscopy." Materials 14, no. 19 (September 29, 2021): 5679. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14195679.

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This work reports the effects of free volume on curcumin release in various polymer-based composite films. Curcumin-reinforced biocomposite films were fabricated with natural biopolymers (carrageenan and chitosan) and bioplastics (poly(lactide) (PLA) and poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT)) via the solvent casting method. The curcumin release test was performed using an aqueous medium, and it was found that it was released the fastest in the carrageenan film, followed by the chitosan, PLA, and PBAT films, presumably owing to the dissimilarity of the polymer matrix. The free volume of the polymer films was determined using positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS) to understand the release phenomena of curcumin. The free volume fraction was varied and reliant on the type of polymer, with the highest in the PBAT-based film followed by the PLA-, chitosan-, and carrageenan-based films. The free volume method helps analyze the release of bioactive compounds in a polymer matrix and may help to achieve a better understanding of the release of bioactive compounds.

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Zakaria, Rosnah, Asiah Mohd Nor, Nor Kartini Jaafar, and Ab Malik Marwan Ali. "Conductivity Performance of Biopolymer Membrane based on Kappa-Carrageenan." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.14 (December 24, 2019): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.14.27780.

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Smart energy systems are well-known among researchers who wish to introduce new technology. Biopolymer is an environmentally friendly material. Kappa-Carrageenan is one type of biopolymer with high proton conductivity and durability which has been studied for almost 10 years. The membrane based on kappa-carrageenan was prepared using solution cast technique incoorperated with ammonium thiocyanate (NH4SCN). The solution was poured into glass petri dishes and left to dry at room temperature before further dying in an oven at 60°C to obtain thin films. The highest conductivity was obtained for 40 wt. % NH4SCN added kappa-carrageenan. The conductivity dropped when the amount of kappa-carrageenan is equal to the amount of NH4SCN. The maximum conductivity of kappa-carrageenan incorporated with NH4SCN obtained is 1.64E-03 S cm-1. FTIR studies show peak at 1638 cm-1 in pure kappa-carrageenan which slowly disappeared at 60 wt. % kappa-carrageenan. It is however characterized by a peak attributed to NH4SCN at 1600 cm-1 which appeared for 50 wt. % of kappa-carrageenan and below.

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Kim, Yeon Ho, Yeong-Ju Bang, Ki Sun Yoon, Ruchir Priyadarshi, and Jong-Whan Rhim. "Pine Needle (Pinus densiflora) Extract-Mediated Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles and the Preparation of Carrageenan-Based Antimicrobial Packaging Films." Journal of Nanomaterials 2022 (February 27, 2022): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/8395302.

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were prepared using a pine needle extract-mediated synthesis method. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum showed a characteristic peak of silver, indicating that crystalline silver nanoparticles were formed. The synthesized AgNPs were spherical and had a uniform size of 63.9 ± 2.1 nm with a narrow size distribution. The AgNPs have been used as functional nanofillers in the manufacture of carrageenan-based functional nanocomposite films. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) confirmed that AgNPs were uniformly dispersed in the carrageenan polymer matrix. The addition of AgNPs to the Carr film affected the surface color, mechanical, water vapor barrier, and surface wettability properties and significantly improved the UV blocking properties of the nanocomposite films. In addition, the carrageenan/AgNP composite films showed strong antioxidant activity and potent antibacterial activity against both Gram-positive (S. aureus) and Gram-negative (E. coli O157: H7) bacteria. The carrageenan/AgNP film with UV protection, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity can be used as active food packaging material to extend the shelf life of packaged food.

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Punia Bangar, Sneh, Kawaljit Singh Sandhu, Alexandru Vasile Rusu, Pinderpal Kaur, Sukhvinder Singh Purewal, Maninder Kaur, Navneet Kaur, and Monica Trif. "Proso-Millet-Starch-Based Edible Films: An Innovative Approach for Food Industries." Coatings 11, no. 10 (September 27, 2021): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings11101167.

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The present investigation searches for functional and antioxidant properties in proso millet starch and films. Proso millet starch was studied for its physical, chemical, morphological, and antioxidant properties. Furthermore, films were prepared from proso millet starch (native) and a starch–ĸ-carrageenan blend. Both films were characterized for moisture content, thickness, water-solubility, opacity, water vapor permeability, and textural and antioxidant properties. The amylose content, water absorption capacity, swelling, and solubility power of the proso millet starch were 19.19%, 87.5%, 15.32%, and 19%, respectively. Compared to aqueous extracts (0.68 mg GAE/g and 0.36 mg AAE/g), the total phenolics and total antioxidant capacity were observed to be higher in methanolic starch extracts (0.75 mg GAE/g and 0.41 mg AAE/g). Methanol extracts of native starch-based films showed higher antioxidant activity than the film prepared using a ĸ-carrageenan blend. The water vapor permeability and solubility of films prepared from native starch (2.38 g/Pa·s·m2 and 28%) were lower than those prepared using the ĸ-carrageenan blend (3.19 g/Pa·s·m2 and 42.05%). The findings may be of commercial interest to pharmaceutical and food industries in producing new antioxidant-rich drugs and food products.

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7

Park, Sun Y., Burtrand I. Lee, Soon T. Jung та Hyun J. Park. "Biopolymer composite films based on κ-carrageenan and chitosan". Materials Research Bulletin 36, № 3-4 (лютий 2001): 511–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0025-5408(01)00545-1.

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Su Cha, Dong, Jin Hyuk Choi, Manjeet S. Chinnan та Hyun Jin Park. "Antimicrobial Films Based on Na-alginate and κ-carrageenan". LWT - Food Science and Technology 35, № 8 (грудень 2002): 715–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/fstl.2002.0928.

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9

Roy, Swarup, and Jong-Whan Rhim. "Fabrication of Copper Sulfide Nanoparticles and Limonene Incorporated Pullulan/Carrageenan-Based Film with Improved Mechanical and Antibacterial Properties." Polymers 12, no. 11 (November 12, 2020): 2665. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12112665.

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Edible biopolymer (pullulan/carrageenan) based functional composite films were fabricated by the addition of copper sulfide nanoparticles (CuSNP) and D-limonene (DL). The DL and CuSNP were compatible with the pullulan/carrageenan biopolymer matrix. The addition of CuSNP significantly increased the UV-blocking properties without substantially reducing the transparency of the film. The addition of CuSNP improved the film’s tensile strength by 10%; however, the DL addition did not significantly influence the strength, while the combined addition of CuSNP and DL increased the strength by 15%. The addition of the fillers did not significantly affect the thermal stability of the film, but the water vapor barrier property was slightly improved. There was no significant change in the moisture content and hydrophobicity of the composite film. Besides, the composite film showed some antimicrobial activity against food-borne pathogenic bacteria. The fabricated pullulan/carrageenan-based film with antimicrobial and UV-barrier properties is likely to be used in active food packaging applications.

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Giyatmi, Giyatmi, Tika Annisa Eka Poetri, Hari Eko Irianto, Dina Fransiska, and Agusman Agusman. "Effect of Alginate and Polyethylene Glycol Addition on Physical and Mechanical Characteristics of k-Carrageenan-based Edible Film." Squalen Bulletin of Marine and Fisheries Postharvest and Biotechnology 15, no. 1 (May 31, 2020): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/squalen.v15i1.418.

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Waste disposal problems have attracted scientists around the world to explore the use of renewable resources to produce biodegradable films and coatings. Indonesia has diverse renewable resources of biopolymers that originated from seaweeds such as carrageenan, agar, and alginate. Carrageenan is considered as a potential biopolymer for edible film manufacture due to its characteristic range. This study aimed to develop carrageenan-based edible film using alginate and polyethylene glycol as plasticizers. Edible film made from k-carrageenan with the addition of alginate and polyethylene glycol (PEG) as plasticizers was tested for its mechanical properties, water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) and water solubility. Blending k-carrageenan with alginate (0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75%, and 1.0% w/v) increased tensile strength, thickness, and water solubility, but reduced elongation at break, WVTR, and moisture content. The addition of PEG (1%, 2%, and 3% w/v) reduced tensile strength and water solubility, but increased elongation at break, thickness, and moisture content. This study recommended that the best carrageenan-based edible film was obtained from a formula using 1% alginate (w/v) and 1% PEG (w/v).

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Jumaah, Fatihah Najirah, Azizan Ahmad, Hussein Hanibah, Nadhratun Naiim Mobarak, and M. A. Ghani. "Effects of Different Concentration in (w/v)% of Carboxymethyl Iota-Carrageenan Based Green Polymer Electrolyte." Advanced Materials Research 1107 (June 2015): 205–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1107.205.

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The effect of different concentrations in weight per volume percentage, (w/v)% of iota-carrageenan and carboxymethyl-iota carrageenan used as the green polymer electrolyte has been studied. The polymer electrolyte films were prepared by solution casting technique. Different concentration in the range from 1.0 – 6.0 (w/v)% were dissolved in fix volume of acetic acid which act as solvent. The films have been analyzed through attenuated Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The EIS results showed that the ionic conductivity increased as the concentration of the polymer increases. In comparison between iota-carrageenan and carboxymethyl iota-carrageenan, carboxymethyl-iota carrageenan showed better results due to the presence of more active site. The highest conductivity achieved by iota-carrageenan and carboxymethyl iota-carrageenan were 3.45 × 10-6S cm-1and 9.57 × 10-4S cm-1at the concentration 3.0 and 4.0 (w/v)% , respectively. From the FTIR spectra, it depicts that the intensity of significant peaks of ether and carboxylate group increases as the concentration of polymer increases. The XRD analysis showed that as the concentration of polymer increase, the amorphous region in the films would be enhanced. This study showed that the concentration play significant role in the ionic conductivity improvement.

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Saedi, Shahab, Mastaneh Shokri, and Jong-Whan Rhim. "Preparation of Carrageenan-based Antimicrobial Films Incorporated With Sulfur Nanoparticles." KOREAN JOURNAL OF PACKAGING SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 26, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 125–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.20909/kopast.2020.26.3.125.

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Abdul Khalil, H. P. S., Y. Y. Tye, C. Y. Kok, and C. K. Saurabh. "Preparation and characterization of modified and unmodified carrageenan based films." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 368 (June 2018): 012020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/368/1/012020.

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Jancikova, Simona, Dani Dordevic, Karolina Tesikova, Bojan Antonic, and Bohuslava Tremlova. "Active Edible Films Fortified with Natural Extracts: Case Study with Fresh-Cut Apple Pieces." Membranes 11, no. 9 (September 3, 2021): 684. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11090684.

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The main aim of the study was to prepare the edible films based on carrageenan/chitosan and incorporate them into the following matrices: the natural extracts of Clitoria ternatea, Brassica oleracea, and Ipomea batatas. The films were characterized by TPC (total polyphenols content), antioxidant activity, and textural properties. Experimentally produced films were added in the packaging of freshly cut apple pieces, and the apple pieces were dipped into the films produced from carrageenan and chitosan. The appearance of the samples was monitored, as were antioxidant activity and total polyphenol content. The intelligent properties of films were evaluated too. The polymer type used for the preparation had the highest impact on the prepared films, and CHLCZ (red cabbage extract—Brassica oleracea) featured the best antioxidant activity. The intelligent properties were slightly confirmed in samples with the addition of red cabbage. The main finding was that the coating of fresh-cut apples emphasized the possibility to use a carrageenan matrix with the addition of extracts. The samples immersed in this coating type showed higher antioxidant activity as well as a superior color when compared to that of chitosan coated apple samples.

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Avila, Luisa Bataglin, Elis Regina Correa Barreto, Paloma Krolow de Souza, Bárbara De Zorzi Silva, Thamiris Renata Martiny, Caroline Costa Moraes, Marcilio Machado Morais, Vijaya Raghavan, and Gabriela Silveira da Rosa. "Carrageenan-Based Films Incorporated with Jaboticaba Peel Extract: An Innovative Material for Active Food Packaging." Molecules 25, no. 23 (November 27, 2020): 5563. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25235563.

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This research investigated the bioactive potential of jaboticaba peel extract (JPE) and proposed an innovative material for food packaging based on carrageenan films incorporated with JPE. The extract was obtained through microwave assisted extraction (MAE) according to central composite rotational design and the optimized conditions showed a combined antimicrobial and antioxidant actions when the extraction process is accomplished at 80 °C and 1 min. The carrageenan film incorporated with JPE was manageable, homogeneous and the presence of JPE into film increased the thickness and improved the light barrier of the film. The results of solubility and mechanical properties did not show significant differences. The benefit of using MAE to improve the recovery of bioactive compounds was demonstrated and the carrageenan film with JPE showed a great strategy to add additives into food packaging.

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Carsi, Marta, Maria J. Sanchis, Clara M. Gómez, Sol Rodriguez, and Fernando G. Torres. "Effect of Chitin Whiskers on the Molecular Dynamics of Carrageenan-Based Nanocomposites." Polymers 11, no. 6 (June 25, 2019): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym11061083.

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Films of carrageenan (KC) and glycerol (g) with different contents of chitin nanowhiskers (CHW) were prepared by a solution casting process. The molecular dynamics of pure carrageenan (KC), carrageenan/glycerol (KCg) and KCg with different quantities of CHWs as a filler was studied using dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. The analysis of the CHW effect on the molecular mobility at the glass transition, Tg, indicates that non-attractive intermolecular interactions between KCg and CHW occur. The fragility index increased upon CHW incorporation, due to a reduction in the polymer chains mobility produced by the CHW confinement of the KCg network. The apparent activation energy associated with the relaxation dynamics of the chains at Tg slightly increased with the CHW content. The filler nature effect, CHW or montmorillonite (MMT), on the dynamic mobility of the composites was analyzed by comparing the dynamic behavior of both carrageenan-based composites (KCg/xCHW, KCg/xMMT).

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Distantina, Sperisa, Mujtahid Kaavessina, and Fadilah Fadilah. "Matriks Pengontrol Pelepasan Urea Berbasis Karagenan: Pengaruh Konsentrasi Glutaraldehid." Jurnal Teknik Kimia Indonesia 18, no. 1 (January 14, 2020): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.5614/jtki.2019.18.1.3.

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Abstrak. Pada penelitian ini, matrik hidrogel berbasis karagenan dibuat dan diaplikasikan untuk mengontrol pelepasan urea. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mempelajari pengaruh konsentrasi glutaraldehid terhadap kecepatan pelepasan urea dan menyusun model kecepatan pelepasan urea. Film karagenan dimodifikasi secara kimiawi menggunakan ikatan silang atau crosslinking dengan glutaraldehid. Larutan karagenan 7 g/100 mL dicetak menjadi lembaran dan kemudian dikeringkan sehingga diperoleh lapisan film. Film direndam dalam larutan glutaraldehid dengan konsentrasi tertentu selama 2 menit dan dilanjutkan dipanaskan pada suhu 110oC selama 20 menit. Film yang dihasilkan dicuci dengan etanol dan dikeringkan. Pengisian urea ke dalam matrik film menggunakan metode difusi. Film kering direndam dalam larutan urea 0,074 g/mL selama satu jam dan selanjutnya dikeringkan. Kecepatan pelepasan urea dari film ke dalam media air dievaluasi berdasarkan data konsentrasi urea dalam cairan sebagai fungsi waktu. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa semakin besar konsentrasi glutaraldehid (1-5%) menyebabkan urea yang tersimpan di dalam film semakin rendah. Model matematika yang diusulkan dapat mewakili peristiwa pelepasan urea dari film. Film berbasis karagenan yang dihasilkan berpotensi sebagai matrik pengontrol pelepasan urea. Kata kunci: crosslinking, glutaraldehid, hidrogel, karagenan, urea. Abstract. Controlled Release Matrices of Urea from Carrageenan: Effect of Glutaraldehyde Concentration. In this study, carrageenan-based hydrogel matrices were prepared and applied for urea controlled release. The aim of this work was to study the effect of glutaraldehyde concentration on the rate of urea release in water. Carrageenan films were chemically modified by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde. The films were prepared by casting the aqueous carrageenan 7 g/100 mL and then followed by drying. The films obtained were immersed in certain glutaraldehyde concentration for 2 min and then heated in the oven at 110oC for 20 min. The crosslinked films were washed using ethanol and then air-dried until the weight is constant. The dried films were immersed in a urea solution (0.074g/ml) for 1 hr and then dried. The rate of urea release was determined by measuring the urea concentration in water as a function of time of release. Results showed that higher glutaraldehyde concentration (1–5%) produced films with less urea content. The proposed mathematic model of urea release from the film can represent the rate of urea release. The prepared carrageenan-based film has the potential for controlling of urea release. Keywords: carrageenan, crosslinking, glutaraldehyde, hydrogel, urea. Graphical Abstract

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SHUHAIMI, N. E. A., N. A. ALIAS, S. R. MAJID та A. K. AROF. "ELECTRICAL DOUBLE LAYER CAPACITOR WITH PROTON CONDUCTING κ-CARRAGEENAN–CHITOSAN ELECTROLYTES". Functional Materials Letters 01, № 03 (грудень 2008): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793604708000423.

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Charge–discharge characteristics of electrical double layer capacitors (EDLCs) using κ-carrageenan–chitosan based electrolyte is the focus of the present work. Chitosan and κ-carrageenan were blended to obtain films with high mechanical strength. The room temperature conductivity of 0.5 g chitosan + 0.5 g κ-carrageenan (CCPA) film and 0.5 g chitosan + 0.5 g κ-carrageenan + 0.1765 g ammonium nitrate (CCPAAN) film are (1.38 ± 0.36) × 10-6 S cm -1 and (2.39 ± 0.83) × 10-4 S cm -1, respectively. The conducting species is H + and conduction occurs via a Grotthuss mechanism. The resistance of the phenol resin based activated carbon electrode film is between 15 to 20 Ω. The capacitance of the EDLCs is stable over 20 cycles. The average discharge capacitance of the EDLC employing CCPAAN electrolyte and activated carbon electrodes is between 13 to 18.5 F g-1.

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Avila, Luisa Bataglin, Elis Regina Correa Barreto, Caroline Costa Moraes, Marcilio Machado Morais, and Gabriela Silveira da Rosa. "Promising New Material for Food Packaging: An Active and Intelligent Carrageenan Film with Natural Jaboticaba Additive." Foods 11, no. 6 (March 9, 2022): 792. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods11060792.

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This research focused on the development of active and intelligent films based on a carrageenan biopolymer incorporated with jaboticaba peels extract (JPE). The bioactive extract was obtained by maceration extraction and showed high concentrations of total phenolic content (TP), total anthocyanin (TA), cyanidin-3-glucoside (Cn-3-Glu), antioxidant activity (AA), and microbial inhibition (MI) against E. coli, being promising for use as a natural additive in food packaging. The carrageenan films were produced using the casting technique, incorporating different concentrations of JPE, and characterized. The results of the thickness and Young’s modulus of the film increased in the films supplemented with JPE and the addition of the extract showed a decrease in elongation capacity and tensile strength, in water vapor permeability, and a lower rate of swelling in the water. In addition, the incorporation of JPE into the polymeric matrix promotes a change in the color of the films when compared to the control film and improves the opacity property. This is a positive effect as the material has a UV-vis light barrier which is interesting for food packaging. The increase in the active potential of the films was directly proportional to the concentration of JPE. The films results showed visible changes from purple to brown when in contact with different pH, which means that films have an intelligent potential. Accordingly, this novel carrageenan based-film incorporated with JPE could be a great strategy to add natural additives into packaging material to obtain an active potential and also an indicator for monitoring food in intelligent packaging.

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Zhou, Yuan, Fu-Quan Chen, Si Chen, Qiong Xiao, Hui-Fen Weng, Qiu-Ming Yang та An-Feng Xiao. "Preparation and Characterization of κ-Carrageenan Modified with Maleic Anhydride and Its Application in Films". Marine Drugs 19, № 9 (26 серпня 2021): 486. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md19090486.

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In this work, the physicochemical properties of maleic anhydride (MAH)-modified κ-carrageenan (κCar) (MC) were characterized and compared with those of native κ-carrageenan (NC). The Fourier transform infrared spectrum of MC exhibited that κCar was successfully modified. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the thermal stability of MC was decreased. When the degree of substitution was 0.032, MC exhibited a low gel strength (759 g/cm2), gelling temperature (33.3 °C), and dehydration rate (60.3%). Given the excellent film-forming ability of κCar, MC films were then prepared and were found to have better mechanical and barrier properties (UV and water) than NC films. With regard to optical properties, MC films could completely absorb UV light in the range of 200–236 nm. The water contact angle of MC films was higher than that of NC films. Moreover, the elongation at break increased from 26.9% to 163%. These physicochemical property changes imply that MC can be employed in polysaccharide-based films.

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Prasetyaningrum, Aji, Al Farrel A. Raemas, Nur Rokhati та Bakti Jos. "Application of Glyoxal Acrylamide Modified Κ-Carrageenan as A Superabsorbent Polymer in Drug Delivery System". Reaktor 20, № 3 (13 жовтня 2020): 150–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/reaktor.20.3.150-158.

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The hydrogel is superabsorbent polymers (SAP) that are biodegradable and can be obtained from polysaccharides, lipids, and proteins. Polysaccharides include cellulose, starch and their derivatives, seaweed extracts such as carrageenan, alginate, pectin, and chitosan. Carrageenan is the result of the extraction of red seaweed sap with an alkaline solution. The main objective of this study was to simultaneously increase the strength and properties of κ-carrageenan SAP film with the addition of glyoxal and acrylamide as crosslinkers. The addition of acrylamide (variated from 1 to 7 % b/v) into the k-Carrageenan based SAP hydrogel compound and the presence of glyoxal as crosslink agent (variated from 0 to 1,0 % v/v). The physical properties of the SAP films were analyze using swelling degree and tensile strength. The structural and morphological properties of composite films were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). In addition, the effect of pHs on the releasing drug Poly(vinylpyrrolidone)-Iodine was investigated. This research shows that the addition of acrylamide and glyoxal can improve the physical properties of the modified κ-carrageenan film. Characterization using SEM shows that the addition of glyoxal causes the formation of tissue fibers in SAP. FTIR spectra indicated the formation of cross bonds in modified SAP film at 3294.42 cm-1 (carboxylic acid). The treatment under alkaline conditions will increase drug release ability.Keywords: κ-carrageenan; hydrogels; acrylamide; glyoxal; drug delivery

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Liu, Jingrong, Hualin Wang, Pengfei Wang, Min Guo, Suwei Jiang, Xingjiang Li та Shaotong Jiang. "Films based on κ-carrageenan incorporated with curcumin for freshness monitoring". Food Hydrocolloids 83 (жовтень 2018): 134–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.05.012.

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Karbowiak, Thomas, Frédéric Debeaufort, Dominique Champion, and Andrée Voilley. "Wetting properties at the surface of iota-carrageenan-based edible films." Journal of Colloid and Interface Science 294, no. 2 (February 2006): 400–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2005.07.030.

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24

Roy, Swarup, and Jong-Whan Rhim. "Preparation of carrageenan-based functional nanocomposite films incorporated with melanin nanoparticles." Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces 176 (April 2019): 317–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.colsurfb.2019.01.023.

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25

Chesnokova, Natalya, Yury Prikhodko, Alla Kuznetsova, Liudmila Kushnarenko, and Valeria Gerasimova. "Anthocyanin Films in Freshness Assessment of Minced Fish." Food Processing: Techniques and Technology 51, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 349–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2074-9414-2021-2-349-362.

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Анотація:

Introduction. Smart food packaging that alerts consumers to spoilt food by changing color is based on affordable and biodegradable raw materials. The research objective was to develop films from anionic polysaccharides and anthocyanin pigment that can be used as a freshness indicator of minced fish. Study objects and methods. The study featured frozen black currant berries (Ríbes nígrum), polysaccharide-based anthocyanin films, and minced fish. Extracts of anthocyanin pigment and films based on agar, kappa-carrageenan, chitosan, starch, and anthocyanin pigments were analyzed by IR spectroscopy. Results and its discussion. Anionic polysaccharides, i.e. agar and kappa-carrageenan, demonstrated good film-forming properties. Films based on 1.5% agar and 2% kappa-carrageenan showed elasticity, resilience, plasticity, and sufficient resistance to mechanical deformation. Neutral polysaccharide starch and cationic polysaccharide chitosan appeared to have no such qualities. An IR spectral analysis revealed chemical interactions between polysaccharide and anthocyanin molecules. It indicated the electrostatic nature of the polyelectrolyte complexes of the anthocyanin pigment with anionic polysaccharides. A film based on 1.5% agar fortified with anthocyanin pigment was used as a test-system for analyzing the quality of fish. The minced fish samples were wrapped in the anthocyanin film and left for 2–7 min to register the color change of the film. When the anthocyanin film came in contact with fresh fish, the color of the film did not change even after prolonged contact. When the film came into contact with spoilt fish, the color of the film began to change after 2 min of contact. When the contact time reached 7 min, the film turned blue. Conclusion. The type of polysaccharide and the interaction between polysaccharides and anthocyanin pigment had a significant effect on film formation. Anionic polysaccharides demonstrated the best results. Electrostatic interactions between anionic polysaccharides and anthocyanin pigments produced stable polyelectrolyte complexes. The new smart films were able to determine the quality of minced fish.

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Ramli, Nur Amalina, Nurul Natasya Amira Kamaluddin, and Fatmawati Adam. "Mechanical, Structural and Physical Properties of Carrageenan-Gum Arabic Biocomposite Film for Hard Capsule Application." Solid State Phenomena 340 (December 23, 2022): 11–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-c2wejl.

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Анотація:

The hard capsule market growth is mainly driven by the demand for gelatin capsules made of animals. Plant-based hard capsules, such as hydroxypropyl methylcellulose are currently in high demand for drug delivery, but the manufacturing process is costly with limited reagent supply. As an alternative, carrageenan from seaweed was used as a film-forming agent in this work. Carrageenan film possesses low mechanical strength, thus gum Arabic is incorporated to strengthen the biocomposite film. The films and hard capsules were produced with different concentrations of gum Arabic, ranging from 0 to 2.0 w/v%. The tensile strength and elongation at break were enhanced to 56.8 MPa and 23.7%, respectively. The highest capsule loop strength is 32.5 N, which was achieved at 1.2 w/v% of gum Arabic. All biocomposite films were kept at a moisture content of 13%, which is comparable to gelatin hard capsules. These results demonstrate that gum Arabic can strengthen the carrageenan biocomposite to be an alternative to gelatin hard capsules.

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Sedayu, Bakti B., Marlene J. Cran, and Stephen W. Bigger. "Reinforcement of Refined and Semi-Refined Carrageenan Film with Nanocellulose." Polymers 12, no. 5 (May 17, 2020): 1145. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12051145.

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Анотація:

Carrageenans obtained from seaweeds can be processed into films for a range of applications including food packaging. The level of carrageenan refinement during extraction can influence the key properties, with semi-refined carrageenan (SRC) containing more impurities than the more refined carrageenan (RC). Further refinement steps, however, result in higher costs associated with the production of RC. In order to obtain a lower cost and more ecofriendly, bio-based material for food packaging applications, SRC was used in this investigation to produce a thin film reinforced with nanocellulose fibrils (NCF). Films derived from RC containing NCF were also investigated with water sensitivity and physico-mechanical and thermal properties among the properties tested. Levels of NCF were varied from 1% to 7% (w/w), and in general, the NCF reinforcement improved the overall properties of both the SRC and RC films, including the water sensitivity and moisture barrier. However, NCF inclusion in SRC film was less effective with regard to the mechanical and thermal properties compared with NCF inclusion in RC film. The enhancement in properties was attributed to the greater cohesiveness of the reinforced polymer structure and the crystalline regions formed in the structures of SRC and RC films by NCF incorporation.

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Zhang, Liang, Wenze Wang, Yongsheng Ni, Chengyuan Yang, Xinyi Jin, Yuxuan Wang, Yanyu yang, Yezi Jin, Jing Sun, and Jianlong Wang. "ZnO/C-mediated k-carrageenan based pseudo-pasteurization films for kumquat preservation." Food Hydrocolloids 128 (July 2022): 107582. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107582.

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Vu, Chau Hai Thai, and Keehoon Won. "Leaching-Resistant Carrageenan-Based Colorimetric Oxygen Indicator Films for Intelligent Food Packaging." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 62, no. 29 (July 10, 2014): 7263–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/jf5014764.

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30

Sedayu, Bakti B., Marlene J. Cran, and Stephen W. Bigger. "A Review of Property Enhancement Techniques for Carrageenan-based Films and Coatings." Carbohydrate Polymers 216 (July 2019): 287–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.04.021.

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31

Roy, Swarup, and Jong-Whan Rhim. "Carrageenan-based antimicrobial bionanocomposite films incorporated with ZnO nanoparticles stabilized by melanin." Food Hydrocolloids 90 (May 2019): 500–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2018.12.056.

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32

Maciejewski, Bartosz, Vishnu Arumughan, Anette Larsson, and Małgorzata Sznitowska. "Prototype Gastro-Resistant Soft Gelatin Films and Capsules—Imaging and Performance In Vitro." Materials 13, no. 7 (April 9, 2020): 1771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13071771.

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The following study is a continuation of the previous work on preparation of gastro-resistant films by incorporation of cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) into the soft gelatin film. An extended investigation on the previously described binary Gelatin-CAP and ternary Gelatin-CAP-carrageenan polymer films was performed. The results suggest that the critical feature behind formation of the acid-resistant films is a spinodal decomposition in the film-forming mixture. In the obtained films, upon submersion in an acidic medium, gelatin swells and dissolves, exposing a CAP-based acid-insoluble skeleton, partially coated by a residue of other ingredients. The dissolution-hindering effect appears to be stronger when iota-carrageenan is added to the film-forming mixture. The drug release study performed in enhancer cells confirmed that diclofenac sodium is not released in the acidic medium, however, at pH 6.8 the drug release occurs. The capsules prepared with a simple lab-scale process appear to be resistant to disintegration of the shell structure in acid, although imperfections of the sealing have been noticed.

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Băcăiță, Elena Simona, Cătălina Anișoara Peptu, Corina-Lenuta Savin (Logigan), Marian Luțcanu та Maricel Agop. "Manifest/Non-Manifest Drug Release Patterns from Polysaccharide Based Hydrogels—Case Study on Cyclodextrin—κ Carrageenan Crosslinked Hydrogels". Polymers 13, № 23 (27 листопада 2021): 4147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13234147.

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The aim of this study is to offer a comprehensive view on drug release from hydrogel, from both an experimental and a theoretical point of view. Aiming to benefit cyclodextrins’ properties (not irritant; stable; able to modify the physical, chemical and biological properties of active compounds; accessible at low prices) and those of carrageenan polysaccharide (antitumor, immunomodulatory, antihyperlipidemic, anticoagulant, biocompatibility, biodegradability), original hydrogel films based on beta cyclodextrin and kappa carrageenan using epichlorohydrin as crosslinking agent were prepared and characterized from morphological and physical/chemical points of view. The results (morphology, the swelling degree, and the loading/release capacity) proved their potential as carriers for different types of drugs. Further, a new theoretical model, from a multifractal paradigm of motion, was proposed for the drug release from hydrogel films, starting from the fundaments of its evolution at a microscopic level, and aiming to obtain information on system evolution, at both the spatial and temporal scales, inapproachable by quantitative measurements.

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34

Sadiq, Tayyaba, Syed Haroon Khalid, Ikram Ullah Khan, Hira Mahmood, and Sajid Asghar. "Designing Deferoxamine-Loaded Flaxseed Gum and Carrageenan-Based Controlled Release Biocomposite Hydrogel Films for Wound Healing." Gels 8, no. 10 (October 14, 2022): 652. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels8100652.

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In this study, biocomposite hydrogel films made from flaxseed gum (FSG)/kappa carrageenan (CGN) were fabricated, using potassium chloride as a crosslinker and glycerol as a plasticizer. The composite films were loaded with deferoxamine (DFX), an iron chelator that promotes neovascularization and angiogenesis for the healing of wounds. The properties of the biocomposite hydrogel films, including swelling, solubility, water vapor transmission rate, tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young’s modulus studies, were tested. The films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). In addition, drug release studies in PBS at pH 7.2 were investigated. In vivo analysis was performed by assessing the wound contraction in a full-thickness excisional wound rat model. Hematoxylin & eosin (H & E) and Masson’s trichome staining were performed to evaluate the effect of the films on wound healing progress. The visual and micro-morphological analysis revealed the homogenous structure of the films; however, the elongation at break property decreased within the crosslinked film but increased for the drug-loaded film. The FTIR analysis confirmed the crosslinking due to potassium chloride. A superior resistance towards thermal degradation was confirmed by TGA for the crosslinked and drug-loaded films. Drug release from the optimum film was sustained for up to 24 h. In vivo testing demonstrated 100% wound contraction for the drug-loaded film group compared to 72% for the pure drug solution group. In light of the obtained results, the higher potential of the optimized biocomposite hydrogel film for wound healing applications was corroborated.

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Shamsuri, Ahmad Adlie, and Siti Nurul Ain Md. Jamil. "Functional Properties of Biopolymer-Based Films Modified with Surfactants: A Brief Review." Processes 8, no. 9 (August 26, 2020): 1039. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr8091039.

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Анотація:

An increase of environmental awareness recently has increased the interest of researchers in using of biopolymer-based films. The films have been prepared extensively by utilizing starch, carboxymethyl cellulose, chitosan, protein, gelatin, carrageenan, alginate, pectin, guar gum and pullulan. They are typically modified with surface-active agents (surfactants) such as glycerol monostearate, sucrose ester, sodium stearoyl lactate, sodium dodecyl sulfate, ethyl lauroyl arginate HCl, Span 20 to 80, Tween-20 to 80 and soy lecithin for improving the functional properties of the films. In this brief review, two types of biopolymer-based films that prepared through casting method were categorized, specifically solution- and emulsion-based films. The four types of surfactants, namely non-ionic, anionic, cationic and amphoteric surfactants that are regularly used to modify biopolymer-based films are also described. The functional properties of the films modified with different types of surfactants are briefly reviewed. This study enhances the attraction of researchers in biopolymer-based films and the improvement of new concepts in this niche area.

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Giyatmi, S. Melanie, D. Fransiska, M. Darmawan, and HE Irianto. "Barrier and physical properties of arrowroot starch-carrageenan based biofilms." Journal of Bio-Science 25 (July 18, 2018): 45–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v25i0.37498.

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Анотація:

The demand of environmentally friendly packaging materials to overcome the high use of plastic led to increase of research effort on the development of biodegradable plastic from sustainable packaging. In this research, carrageenan films containing of arrowroot starch in the polymer blend were obtained using polyethylene glycol as plasticizer. The objective is to study the effect of different concentrations of arrowroot starch (20%, 40%, 60%, 80% of carrageenan based) on barrier property (water vapor transmission rate), mechanical properties (thickness, tensile strength and elongation at break), solubility in water and whiteness index of the obtained biofilm samples. The result shows that all of them have good transparency, with 60% of concentration gives the highest Whiteness Index. The concentration of arrowroot starch that shows the best resistance to tensile strength is 40%, as well as in thickness values. Concentration of 80% shows the lowest water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) permeability with 85.12 g/m2.24h, while the lowest water solubility is obtained from 60% concentration with 60.49% solubility. The recommended level of arrowroot starch to be incorporated in the process of arrowroot starch-carrageenan-based film is 60% of carrageenan.J. bio-sci. 25: 45-56, 2017

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Wang, Cuntang, Yueyi Lu, Ziyu Li, Xuanzhe An, Zengming Gao та Shengxin Tian. "Preparation and Performance Characterization of a Composite Film Based on Corn Starch, κ-Carrageenan, and Ethanol Extract of Onion Skin". Polymers 14, № 15 (23 липня 2022): 2986. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14152986.

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Using corn starch (CS) and κ-carrageenan(κC) as the raw material and active composite, respectively, films containing different concentrations of ethanol extract of onion skin were prepared. The effects of different concentrations of ethanol extract of onion skin (EEOS) on the physicochemical properties, as well as the antioxidant and antibacterial properties, of CS/κC films were also discussed. The addition of ethanol extract of onion skin inhibited the recrystallization of starch molecules in the composite films. It affected the microstructure of the composite films. The color of the composite films was deepened, the brightness was reduced, and the opacity was increased. Water vapor permeability increased, tensile strength decreased, and elongation at the break increased. The glass-transition temperature decreased. The clearance of DPPH radicals and ABTS cation radicals increased. Moreover, when the concentration of EEOS was 3%, the antioxidant effect of the films on oil was greatly improved and could effectively inhibit Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. The above results showed that adding ethanol extract of onion skin improved the physicochemical properties and biological activities of the CS/κC composite films, so CS/κC/EEOS composite films can be used as an active packaging material to extend food shelf-life. These results can provide a theoretical basis for the production and application of corn starch/κ-carrageenan/ethanol extract of onion skin composite films.

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38

Martiny, Thamiris Renata, Vijaya Raghavan, Caroline Costa de Moraes, Gabriela Silveira da Rosa, and Guilherme Luiz Dotto. "Bio-Based Active Packaging: Carrageenan Film with Olive Leaf Extract for Lamb Meat Preservation." Foods 9, no. 12 (November 27, 2020): 1759. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9121759.

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Анотація:

Carrageenan-based active packaging film was prepared by adding olive leaf extract (OLE) as a bioactive agent to the lamb meat packaging. The OLE was characterized in terms of its phenolic compounds (T.ph), antioxidant activity (AA), oleuropein, and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Escherichia coli. The film’s formulation consisted of carrageenan, glycerol as a plasticizer, water as a solvent, and OLE. The effects of the OLE on the thickness, water vapor permeability (WVP), tensile strength (TS), elongation at break (EB), elastic modulus (EM), color, solubility, and antimicrobial capacity of the carrageenan film were determined. The OLE had the following excellent characteristics: the T.ph value was 115.96 mgGAE∙g−1 (d.b), the AA was 89.52%, the oleuropein value was 11.59 mg∙g−1, and the MIC was 50 mg∙mL−1. The results showed that the addition of OLE increased the thickness, EB, and WVP, and decreased the TS and EM of the film. The solubility was not significantly affected by the OLE. The color difference with the addition of OLE was 64.72%, which had the benefit of being a barrier to oxidative processes related to light. The film with the OLE was shown to have an antimicrobial capacity during the storage of lamb meat, reducing the count of psychrophiles five-fold when compared to the samples packed by the control and commercial films; therefore, this novel film has the potential to increase the shelf life of lamb meat, and as such, is suitable for use as active packaging.

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39

Postolović, Katarina S., Milan D. Antonijević, Biljana Ljujić, Slavko Radenković, Marina Miletić Kovačević, Zoltan Hiezl, Svetlana Pavlović, Ivana Radojević, and Zorka Stanić. "Curcumin and Diclofenac Therapeutic Efficacy Enhancement Applying Transdermal Hydrogel Polymer Films, Based on Carrageenan, Alginate and Poloxamer." Polymers 14, no. 19 (September 29, 2022): 4091. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14194091.

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Анотація:

Films based on carrageenan, alginate and poloxamer 407 have been formulated with the main aim to apply prepared formulations in wound healing process. The formulated films were loaded with diclofenac, an anti-inflammatory drug, as well as diclofenac and curcumin, as multipurpose drug, in order to enhance encapsulation and achieve controlled release of these low-bioavailability compounds. The obtained data demonstrated improved drug bioavailability (encapsulation efficiency higher than 90%), with high, cumulative in vitro release percentages (90.10% for diclofenac, 89.85% for curcumin and 95.61% for diclofenac in mixture-incorporated films). The results obtained using theoretical models suggested that curcumin establishes stronger, primarily dispersion interactions with carrier, in comparison with diclofenac. Curcumin and diclofenac-loaded films showed great antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria strains (Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus, inhibition zone 16.67 and 13.67 mm, respectively), and in vitro and in vivo studies indicated that curcumin- and diclofenac-incorporated polymer films have great potential, as a new transdermal dressing, to heal wounds, because diclofenac can target the inflammatory phase and reduce pain, whereas curcumin can enhance and promote the wound healing process.

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Praseptiangga, Danar, Indira Puspa Ferichani, and Nuha Mufida. "Development and Characterization of Bioactive Edible Films Based on Semi-Refined Kappa Carrageenan Incorporated with Honey and Kaempferia galanga L. Essential Oil." Trends in Sciences 19, no. 17 (August 25, 2022): 5761. http://dx.doi.org/10.48048/tis.2022.5761.

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This paper emphasized the innovation of commercial semi-refined kappa carrageenan-based (SRKC) films incorporated with Ceiba pentandra honey and Kaempferia galanga L. essential oil to develop bioactive edible film. The influence of honey and essential oil concentrations on the mechanical, physical, moisture barrier, and sensory properties has been investigated. It was found that the thickness, solubility, elongation at break of the edible film with honey addition (50, 100, 150, and 200 % w/w carrageenan) were increased (p < 0.05), whereas the tensile strength was decreased (p < 0.05), and there was no significant difference in the water vapor transmission rate of all the films (p > 0.05). In the next stage, increment of essential oil concentration (0.25, 0.5, and 1 % w/v) in SRKC film with 200 % honey increased the thickness, but reduced the solubility, tensile strength, and elongation at break, and had no significant influence on the water vapor transmission rate (p > 0.05). The edible film incorporated with 200 % honey and 0.25 % Kaempferia galanga L. essential oil demonstrated a significant effect on the sensory evaluation test on aroma, taste, and overall attributes (p < 0.05). Furthermore, the edible films also encompassed many bioactive compounds. In summary, the present research findings confirmed the potentials of SRKC edible film enriched with 200 % honey and 0.25 % Kaempferia galanga L. essential oil as a novel edible food packaging with enhanced bioactive characteristics. HIGHLIGHTS Semi-refined kappa carrageenan (SRKC) is a good film-forming material Kaempferia galanga L. essential oil is known for its bioactive components Honey and the essential oil are added to develop bioactive edible film GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

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41

Saedi, Shahab, Mastaneh Shokri, Swarup Roy, and Jong-Whan Rhim. "Silver loaded aminosilane modified halloysite for the preparation of carrageenan-based functional films." Applied Clay Science 211 (September 2021): 106170. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clay.2021.106170.

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42

Gonzalez-Cuello, Rafael, Fidel Guardo-Palomino, Andres Sanchez-Castilla, Maira Alvear-Picon, and Ronald Marsiglia-Fuentes. "Changes of the dynamic properties of films based on carrageenan by microcapsules incorporation." Contemporary Engineering Sciences 11, no. 14 (2018): 689–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.12988/ces.2018.8266.

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43

Kassab, Zineb, Faissal Aziz, Hassan Hannache, Hicham Ben Youcef, and Mounir El Achaby. "Improved mechanical properties of k-carrageenan-based nanocomposite films reinforced with cellulose nanocrystals." International Journal of Biological Macromolecules 123 (February 2019): 1248–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.12.030.

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44

Panatarani, Camellia, Danar Praseptiangga, Putut Ismu Widjanarko, Sundoro Yoga Azhary, Puspita Nurlilasari, Emma Rochima, and I. Made Joni. "Synthesis, Characterization, and Performance of Semi-Refined Kappa Carrageenan-Based Film Incorporating Cassava Starch." Membranes 13, no. 1 (January 12, 2023): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes13010100.

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Анотація:

This paper reports the incorporation of cassava starch (CS) at various concentrations into a previously developed ZnO/SiO2-semi-refined kappa carrageenan-based film (SRκC) bionanocomposite and evaluates its performance as minced chicken edible packaging. The incorporation of CS into SRκC-based films aims to provide multifunctional food packaging with enhanced surface morphology, thickness, mechanical properties, and transparency. The effect of the incorporation of various mixing ratios of CS and SRκC (CS:SRκC ratios of 1:3, 1:1, and 3:1) was investigated. The results show that the surface morphology, thickness, and mechanical properties of the SRκC-based films are increased by incorporating CS. Interestingly, a significant shelf-life improvement of up to 6 days is obtained for the application of the CS:SRκC 1:3 film as minced chicken packaging. It is concluded that the incorporation of CS into SRκC-based film is promising for extending the shelf life of minced chicken samples.

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45

Ihsan, Hamlan, Nadra Khairiah, and Rufida Rufida. "Karakteristik Sifat Fisik dan Kimia Edible Film Pati Sagu Rumbia (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) untuk Bahan Baku Cangkang Kapsul (Characteristics of Physical and Chemical Properties of Edible Film of Rumbia Sago Starch for Capsule Shell Material)." Jurnal Riset Industri Hasil Hutan 10, no. 2 (December 1, 2018): 55–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24111/jrihh.v10i2.3972.

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Анотація:

The purpose of this research was to analyze the physical and chemical properties of sago starch edible film (Metroxylon sagu Rottb) as capsule shells material. The research was started with the extraction of the rumbia starch, and was followed with the production of edible film added with modified carrageenan concentrations (20% and 30% w/w) to the main compound. Organoleptic test showed that the color and odor of the films were normal. Water content of wet sago and dry sago was 12.55%, and 5.38%, respectively. Although the addition of carrageenan increased the water content but still corresponded with SNI gelatin quality standard with a maximum of water content of 16%. The ash content of fresh sago and dry sago was 0.36% and 1.09%, respectively, and the content increased significantly with the addition of carrageenan. The pH of all varied samples was 5.5 – 7.0, and the pH was in accordance with SNI. Meanwhile, the heavy metal content of the samples measured by means of AAS was negative. Based on viscosity testing withBrookfield method, high carrageenan concentration led to low viscosit. tensile strength test based on ASTM D 882-2002 gave positive results for dry sago (21.05 kg/cm2) whereas fresh sago with modified 20% and 30% carrageenan had tensile strength of 5.33 kg/cm2 and 18.18 kg/cm2, respectively. The results showed that sago starch had the potential as a raw material for producing soft capsules by modified composition to enhance physical and mechanical properties in order to meet the quality standard of edible film.

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46

Hambleton, A., A. Voilley, and F. Debeaufort. "Transport parameters for aroma compounds through i-carrageenan and sodium alginate-based edible films." Food Hydrocolloids 25, no. 5 (July 2011): 1128–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodhyd.2010.10.010.

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47

R., Nur Fatin Nazurah, and Z. A. Nur Hanani. "Physicochemical characterization of kappa-carrageenan (Euchema cottoni) based films incorporated with various plant oils." Carbohydrate Polymers 157 (February 2017): 1479–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.11.026.

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48

Dewi, Mubarokah N., Iqbal Maulana, Gariza Fadha, and Michelle S. Sesira. "Pemanfaatan Edible Film Dari Limbah Nasi Aking Sebagai Bahan Pelapis Dalam Pengawetan Buah." Proceedings Series on Physical & Formal Sciences 1 (October 31, 2021): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.30595/pspfs.v1i.137.

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Анотація:

The use of synthetic coatings as Food Additives consumed in the long term can damage human health. These horrible effects have paved the way for the development of edible films and natural edible coatings. One of the edible film ingredients is scorched rice which can be used as a coating in fruit preservation. However, the use of this edible film on food ingredients has some problems, especially its mechanical properties which tend to be fragile (not flexible). This article examines the mechanical characteristics of scorched rice with variations in the concentration of glycerol and carrageenan. Based on these results, it was concluded that the higher the volume of glycerol used, the percent elongation increased. The greatest elongation was obtained in the ratio of 3 g of carrageenan with 8 ml of glycerol. However, the addition of glycerol volume causes the biodegradable plastic to tear more easily. The greatest tensile strength value was obtained with a ratio of 5 g of carrageenan and 4 ml of glycerol. The edible film can prevent the spoilage of apples tested for 10 days.

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Abd Hamid, Khadijah Husna, Wan Amnin Wan Yahaya, Neenasha Bebe Mohd Nor, Alyaa Syahierra Ghazali, Siti Kholijah Abdul Mudalip, Norashikin Mat Zain, Maria Pilar Almajano та Nurul Aini Mohd Azman. "Semirefined Carrageenan (SRC) Film Incorporated with α-Tocopherol and Persicaria minor for Meat Patties Application". Indonesian Journal of Chemistry 19, № 4 (13 серпня 2019): 1008. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/ijc.40884.

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Semirefined carrageenan (SRC) plasticized with glycerol (G) and incorporated with antioxidants of 0.4% (v/v) of α-tocopherol and Persicaria minor (PM) extract was successfully developed. The objective of this study is to analyze the antioxidant effect of active packaging films from semirefined carrageenan incorporated with α-tocopherol and Persicaria minor on meat patties. Total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of α-tocopherol and PM extract were measured. The effects of α-tocopherol and PM extract incorporated with SRC-based films on meat patties were evaluated using thiobarbituric acid reactive substance (TBARS) assay, metmyoglobin assay, and pH value for 14 days of storage. The films with 0.4% (v/v) of α-tocopherol and PM extract exhibited a lower lipid oxidation in meat patties compared with that of control (SRC film only, p < 0.05). Also, a brown color development of the meat patties of less than 50% was observed at the end of the 14-day storage. Meanwhile, the pH values for all samples decreased throughout the storage period with the SRC+G+α-tocopherol film showed the highest pH value. Hence, the formulation of SRC film with α-tocopherol or PM extract could be used as an alternative packaging for extending the shelf life of food product with high fat content.

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50

Mahdavinia, Gholam Reza, Gholam Bagheri Marandi, Ali Pourjavadi, and Gholamreza Kiani. "Semi-IPN carrageenan-based nanocomposite hydrogels: Synthesis and swelling behavior." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 118, no. 5 (July 1, 2010): 2989–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.32700.

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