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Статті в журналах з теми "Catalyst Ru"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Liu, Jiajia, Xiao Ning Tian, and Xiu Song Zhao. "Hydrogenation of Glucose over Ru Nanoparticles Embedded in Templated Porous Carbon." Australian Journal of Chemistry 62, no. 9 (2009): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch09132.

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Анотація:

Ruthenium (Ru) nanoparticles incorporated into the pore walls of porous carbon was used as a catalyst in glucose hydrogenation to produce sorbitol. In comparison with other catalysts, including commercial catalysts and catalysts prepared using other methods, the Ru-C nanostructured catalyst displayed higher catalytic activity and stability. These effects were associated with the enhanced contact between the Ru nanoparticles and carbon matrix, as well as the unblocked pores of the catalyst.

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2

Yuan, B., Z. Sun, Y. X. Zhou, M. W. Zhao, A. Wang, and Y. T. Peng. "Preparation and performance evaluation of hydrogen-producing catalysts for diesel reforming." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2689, no. 1 (2024): 012012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2689/1/012012.

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Abstract Ru/Al2O3 catalyst was prepared by standard impregnation method. The catalytic reforming performance of Ru/Al2O3 and commercial high nickel/low nickel catalysts on commercial No.0 diesel oil was studied. The regeneration method of carbon-deposited catalyst was also discussed. The results show that commercial low nickel catalyst has poor catalytic activity and stability for diesel, and increasing the water-carbon ratio can slightly improve the conversion rate of diesel. Increasing the reforming reaction temperature and adding methanol additives can effectively improve the catalytic acti

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3

Li, Yuanfeng, Hao Guo, Jing Xiong, et al. "The Catalyst of Ruthenium Nanoparticles Decorated Silicalite-1 Zeolite for Boosting Catalytic Soot Oxidation." Catalysts 13, no. 8 (2023): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13081167.

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Анотація:

Herein, the Ruthenium nanoparticles (NPs) with the size of 12 nm were decorated on the hexagonal prism silicalite-1 (Ru/S-1) by the gas bubbling-assisted membrane reduction method (GBMR). The adsorption/activation properties are improved for reactant molecules due to the formation of an interfacial structure that enhances the interaction between the Ru NPs and S-1. The Ru/S-1 catalyst displays the highest catalytic activity (T50 = 356 °C) and CO2 selectivity (SCO2m = 99.9%). Moreover, no obvious deactivation was observed over the Ru/S-1 catalyst even after five cycles, and the values of T50 an

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4

Yang, Dae-Soo, Kwang-Sik Sim, Hai-Doo Kwen, and Seong-Ho Choi. "Radiolytic Synthesis of Pt-Ru Catalysts Based on Functional Polymer-Grafted MWNT and Their Catalytic Efficiency for CO and MeOH." Journal of Nanomaterials 2011 (2011): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/134721.

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Анотація:

Pt-Ru catalysts based on functional polymer-grafted MWNT (Pt-Ru@FP-MWNT) were prepared by radiolytic deposition of Pt-Ru nanoparticles on functional polymer-grafted multiwalled carbon nanotube (FP-MWNT). Three different types of functional polymers, poly(acrylic acid) (PAAc), poly(methacrylic acid) (PMAc), and poly(vinylphenyl boronic acid) (PVPBAc), were grafted on the MWNT surface by radiation-induced graft polymerization (RIGP). Then, Pt-Ru nanoparticles were deposited onto the FP-MWNT supports by the reduction of metal ions usingγ-irradiation to obtain Pt-Ru@FP-MWNT catalysts. The Pt-Ru@FP

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5

Rivière, Maxime, Noémie Perret, Damien Delcroix, Amandine Cabiac, Catherine Pinel, and Michèle Besson. "Ru-(Mn-M)OX Solid Base Catalysts for the Upgrading of Xylitol to Glycols in Water." Catalysts 8, no. 8 (2018): 331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8080331.

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Анотація:

A series of Ru-(Mn-M)OX catalysts (M: Al, Ti, Zr, Zn) prepared by co-precipitation were investigated in the hydrogenolysis of xylitol in water to ethylene glycol, propylene glycol and glycerol at 200 °C and 60 bar of H2. The catalyst promoted with Al, Ru-(Mn-Al)OX, showed superior activity (57 h−1) and a high global selectivity to glycols and glycerol of 58% at 80% xylitol conversion. In comparison, the catalyst prepared by loading Ru on (Mn-Al)OX, Ru/(Mn-Al)OX was more active (111 h−1) but less selective (37%) than Ru-(Mn-Al)OX. Characterization of these catalysts by XRD, BET, CO2-TPD, NH3-TP

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6

Bae, Hyoung Bong, Jung Ho Ryu, Bok Soo Byun, Seong Ho Choi, Sang Ho Kim, and Chul Gyun Hwang. "Radiolytic Deposition of Pt-Ru Catalysts on the Conductive Polymer Coated MWNT and their Catalytic Efficiency for CO and MeOH." Advanced Materials Research 47-50 (June 2008): 1478–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.47-50.1478.

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Анотація:

Pt-Ru@CP-MWNT catalysts were prepared by radiolytic deposition of Pt-Ru nanoparticles on conduction polymer (CP) coated multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) surfce. Three different types of conducting polymers; polypyrrole(PPy), polyaniline(PANI), and polythiophene (PTh), were coated on the MWNTs surface by in situ polymerization. Then Pt-Ru nanoparticles were deposited onto CP-MWNTs composite by the reduction of metal ions using gamma-irradiation to obtain Pt-Ru@CP-MWNT catalysts. The size, morphology and composition of Pt-Ru@CP-MWNT catalysts were characterized by SEM, TEM and elemental ana

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7

He, Zhenhong, Qingli Qian, Zhaofu Zhang, et al. "Synthesis of higher alcohols from CO 2 hydrogenation over a PtRu/Fe 2 O 3 catalyst under supercritical condition." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 373, no. 2057 (2015): 20150006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2015.0006.

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Анотація:

Hydrogenation of CO 2 to alcohols is of great importance, especially when producing higher alcohols. In this work, we synthesized heterogeneous PtRu/Fe 2 O 3 , in which the Pt and Ru bimetallic catalysts were supported on Fe 2 O 3 . The catalyst was used to catalyse CO 2 hydrogenation to alcohols. It was demonstrated that the activity and selectivity could be tuned by the bimetallic composition, and the catalyst with a Pt to Ru molar ratio of 1:2 (Pt 1 Ru 2 /Fe 2 O 3 ) had high activity and selectivity at 200°C, which is very low for heterogeneous hydrogenation of CO 2 to produce higher alcoho

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8

Song, Aiying, and Gongxuan Lu. "Enhancement of Pt–Ru catalytic activity for catalytic wet air oxidation of methylamine via tuning the Ru surface chemical state and dispersion by Pt addition." RSC Adv. 4, no. 30 (2014): 15325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4ra00646a.

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Анотація:

Ru–Pt, Pt and Ru catalysts supported on Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>–ZrO<sub>2</sub> were prepared by impregnation methods. The as-prepared catalysts were employed in the catalytic wet air oxidation of methylamine. We found that Pt addition could improve the catalytic activity of the Ru catalyst by tuning the Ru surface chemical state and the dispersion of active species in the bimetallic catalyst. CWAO of MA follows a chemisorption mechanism.

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9

Oh, Kyung-Ryul, Sanil E. Sivan, Changho Yoo, Do-Young Hong, and Young Kyu Hwang. "Trimeric Ruthenium Cluster-Derived Ru Nanoparticles Dispersed in MIL-101(Cr) for Catalytic Transfer Hydrogenation." Catalysts 12, no. 9 (2022): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal12091010.

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Анотація:

The synthesis of highly dispersed metal nanoparticles supported on metal–organic frameworks has been widely studied as a means to provide high-performance heterogeneous catalysts. Here, a Ru-nanoparticles-supported MIL-101(Cr) catalyst was prepared via a diamine and oxo-centered trimeric ruthenium cluster ([Ru3(μ3-O)(μ-CH3COO)6(H2O)3]CH3COO), Ru3 cluster sequential grafting, followed by alcohol reduction. Ethylenediamine (ED) acted as the linker, coordinating with unsaturated sites on both MIL-101(Cr) and the Ru3 cluster to produce Ru3-ED-MIL-101(Cr), after which selective alcohol reduction pr

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10

Hamzah, Noraini, Wan Nor Roslam Wan Isahak, Nadia Farhana Adnan, Nor Asikin Mohamad Nordin, Mohamad Bin Kassim, and Mohd Ambar Yarmo. "Catalytic Activity and Physical Properties of Nanoparticles Metal Supported on Bentonite for Hydrogenolysis of Glycerol." Advanced Materials Research 364 (October 2011): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.364.211.

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Анотація:

Catalysts prepared from a variety of noble metal (Os, Ru, Pd and Au) supported on bentonite using impregnation method were studied and it found these series catalyst system gave different activity and selectivity. Among these catalysts, Os/bentonite and Ru/bentonite catalyst showed high activity in glycerol hydrogenolysis reaction at 150°C, 2.0 MPa initial hydrogen pressure for 7 hours. TEM analysis revealed that these nanometal particles catalyst have different in size and result showed that Os and Ru which have smaller average size in range 1-3 nm gave high activity which are 54.1% and 61.2%

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11

Ma, Wenping, Jia Yang, Gary Jacobs, and Dali Qian. "Fischer–Tropsch Synthesis: Effect of CO Conversion over Ru/NaY Catalyst." Reactions 6, no. 2 (2025): 31. https://doi.org/10.3390/reactions6020031.

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Анотація:

Unlike on Fe and Co catalysts, the CO conversion effect on Ru catalyst performance is little reported. This study is undertaken to explore the issue using a series of Ru/NaY catalysts under 200–230 °C, 2.0 MPa, H2/CO = 2, and 10–60% CO conversion in a 1 L continuous stirred tank reactor (CSTR). The results are comparatively studied with those of Fe and Co catalysts reported previously. The NaY support and four 1.0%, 2.5%, 5.0%, and 7.5% Ru/NaY catalysts were characterized by BET, H2 chemisorption, H2O-TPD, XRD, HRTEM, and XANES/EXAFS techniques. The BET and XRD results suggest a high surface a

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12

Lee, Jong-Heon, Seongbin Jo, Tae-Young Kim, et al. "Preparation of Eggshell-Type Ru/Al2O3 Catalysts for Hydrogen Production Using Steam-Methane Reforming on PEMFC." Catalysts 11, no. 8 (2021): 951. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11080951.

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Анотація:

Ru-based eggshell-type catalysts, in which Ru is located at the outer region of the pellet, were prepared by the impregnation method, using spherically shaped γ-Al2O3 pellets for steam-methane reforming (SMR). Ru was only supported on the external region of the pellet because of the strong interaction between its precursor and the alumina pellet. The Ru precursor penetrated the inside of the pellet by adding nitric acid to the impregnation solution. The distribution and thickness of the Ru layer in the catalyst can be controlled using the HNO3/Ru molar ratio and contact time at the impregnatio

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13

Kim, Tae-Young, Jong-Heon Lee, Seongbin Jo, et al. "Improving the Stability of Ru-Doped Ni-Based Catalysts for Steam Methane Reforming during Daily Startup and Shutdown Operation." Catalysts 13, no. 6 (2023): 949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal13060949.

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Анотація:

In this study, a Ru-doped Ni pellet-type catalyst was prepared to produce hydrogen via steam methane reforming (SMR). A small amount of Ru addition on the Ni catalyst improved Ni dispersion, thus affording a higher catalytic activity than that of the Ni catalyst. During the daily startup and shutdown (DSS) operations, the CH4 conversion of Ni catalysts significantly decreased because of Ni metal oxidation to NiAl2O4, which is not reduced completely at 700 °C. Conversely, the oxidized Ni species in the Ru–Ni catalyst can be reduced under SMR conditions because of H2 spillover from the surface o

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14

Oh, Seung Kyo, Huiji Ku, Gi Bo Han, Byunghun Jeong, Young-Kwon Park та Jong-Ki Jeon. "Hydrogenation of Ethylbenzene Over Ru/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst in Trickle-Bed Reactor". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, № 7 (2021): 4116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19188.

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Анотація:

The objective of this study is to evaluate the catalytic performance of pellet-type Ru/γ-Al2O3 as a catalyst during liquid-phase hydrogenation of the aromatic hydrocarbon. The Ru/γ-Al2O3 catalyst was prepared using a wet impregnation method. After adding a binder to Ru/γ-Al2O3, a pellet-type catalyst was obtained through an extrusion method. Nanoporous structures are well developed in the pellet-type Ru/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. The average pore sizes of the Ru/γ-Al2O3 catalysts were approximately 10 nm. The catalytic performance of the pellet-type Ru/γ-Al2O3 catalyst during ethylbenzene hydrogenation

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15

Vieri, Hizkia Manuel, Arash Badakhsh, and Sun Hee Choi. "Comparative Study of Ba, Cs, K, and Li as Promoters for Ru/La2Ce2O7-Based Catalyst for Ammonia Synthesis." International Journal of Energy Research 2023 (May 13, 2023): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/2072245.

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Анотація:

Ammonia is one of the promising carriers for hydrogen and a critical ingredient in many industries including fertilizers and pharmaceuticals. In the KAAP process, ruthenium- (Ru-) based catalysts showed 10-20 more activity compared with iron- (Fe-) based catalysts. The modifications that are applied to Ru-based catalysts revolve around changing the material of its support and/or promoters. This study compares the performance of a Ru-based catalyst for ammonia synthesis supported by La2Ce2O7 using barium (Ba), cesium (Cs), potassium (K), and lithium (Li) as promoters. Based on structural, physi

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16

Pham, Xuan-Tien, Vy Anh Tran, Lan-Trinh Thi Tran, et al. "Hierarchical Porous Activated Carbon-Supported Ruthenium Catalysts for Catalytic Cleavage of Lignin Model Compounds." Energies 15, no. 22 (2022): 8611. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15228611.

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Анотація:

The catalytic conversion of lignin model compounds was performed using Ru/C catalysts and an autoclave reactor. The Ru/C catalysts were prepared by the impregnation method using highly porous homemade activated carbon and characterized by XRD, SEM, and specific surface area. The catalytic reactions were performed in a high pressure/temperature reactor at different temperatures and with different solvents. The results showed that the novel Ru/C catalysts prepared from carbon supports activated by the KOH agent showed higher catalytic activity than the commercial catalyst. Ethanol and 2-propanol

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17

Boni, Muralikrishna, Venkateswarlu Velisala, Sivaprasad Kattela, S. Venkata Sai Sudheer, Gandhi Pullagura, and Debabrata Barik. "Comparison of the Anode Side Catalyst Supports with and without Incorporation of Liquid Electrolyte Layer on the Performance of a Passive Direct Methanol Fuel Cell." International Journal of Energy Research 2023 (May 13, 2023): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/1224995.

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Анотація:

In the passive direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) operation, the catalyst plays an important role in electrical energy production. Efficient catalyst support increases the power output and simultaneously decreases irreversible losses in the fuel cell (FC). Effective utilization of methanol at the anode end reduces methanol crossover by selecting good anode catalyst supports. In the present study, two types of anode catalyst support of carbon and carbon black are used. The two types of anode catalysts are Pt-Ru/C+ Pt-Ru/black and Pt-Ru/C along with a 2 mm thick liquid electrolyte (LE) layer place

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18

Calzada Hernandez, Alan Rubén, Daniel Gibran González Castañeda, Adriana Sánchez Enriquez, Hugo de Lasa, and Benito Serrano Rosales. "Ru-Promoted Ni/Al2O3 Fluidized Catalyst for Biomass Gasification." Catalysts 10, no. 3 (2020): 316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10030316.

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Анотація:

Fluidizable catalysts based on Ni/Al2O3 with added Ru were used for the gasification of a lignin surrogate (2-methoxy-4-methylphenol) in a fluidized CREC Riser Simulator reactor. This was done in order to quantify lignin surrogate conversion and lignin surrogate products (H2, CO, CO2 and CH4) as well as the coke deposited on the catalyst. The catalysts that were evaluated contained 5% wt. Ni with various Ru loadings (0.25%, 0.5% and 1% wt). These catalysts were synthesized using an incipient Ni and Ru co-impregnation. Catalysts were characterized using XRD, N2 adsorption-desorption (BET Surfa

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19

Saed, Dr Usama Akram. "Hydrocracking of n-Pentane using Ruthenium Precursor Nanoparticles Loaded over Zeolite." Journal of Petroleum Research and Studies 4, no. 1 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v4i1.77.

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Cracking of n-Pentane was carried out on two type of zeolite catalysts Ru/HZSM-5 and Ru/HMOR. The conversion was high at low temperature and the selective precursor was highly selective to desired product. The selectivity to light olefins decreased with increasing temperature and decreased with increasing hydrogen to hydrocarbon ratio. The results showed that Ru/HMOR catalyst was more active and selective than Ru/HZSM-5 catalyst for the considered temperature range.

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20

Liew, Kin Hong, Tian Khoon Lee, Mohd Ambar Yarmo, et al. "Ruthenium Supported on Ionically Cross-linked Chitosan-Carrageenan Hybrid MnFe2O4 Catalysts for 4-Nitrophenol Reduction." Catalysts 9, no. 3 (2019): 254. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9030254.

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Herein, we report a facile procedure to synthesize the hybrid magnetic catalyst (Ru@CS-CR@Mn) using ruthenium (Ru) supported on ionically cross-linked chitosan-carrageenan (CS-CR) and manganese ferrite (MnFe2O4) nanoparticles with excellent catalytic activity. The ionic gelation of CS-CR is acting as a protecting layer to promote the encapsulation of MnFe2O4 and Ru nanoparticles by electrostatic interactions. The presence of an active metal and a CS-CR layer on the as-prepared Ru@CS-CR@Mn catalyst was well determined by a series of physicochemical analyses. Subsequently, the catalytic performa

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21

Shi, Qiu Jie, Bin Li, Wei Qing Chen, Cheng Wei Liu, and Bi Wu Huang. "Ethanol Steam Reforming over La₂O₂CO₃ Supported Ni-Ru Bimetallic Catalysts." Advanced Materials Research 457-458 (January 2012): 314–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.457-458.314.

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A series of Ni-Ru bimetallic catalysts over La2O2CO3 are prepared by an impregnation method. The catalytic properties are evaluated in ethanol steam reforming reaction from 350 to 700 °C under atmospheric pressure. Ni-Ru/La2O2CO3 containing 6 wt% Ni and 3 wt% Ru is found to be more efficient, and Ni-La composite oxide could be formed in the catalyst. Ru is more active in the ethanol dehydration reaction to form ethylene than Ni. The presence of Ru could improve the selectivity for hydrogen of Ni catalyst. TG results reveal that Ni-Ru/La2O2CO3 has excellent resistance to carbon deposition.

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22

Yang, Xiaorui, Xiaotong Li, Jing Zhao, Jinhua Liang, and Jianliang Zhu. "Production of Sorbitol via Hydrogenation of Glucose over Ruthenium Coordinated with Amino Styrene-co-maleic Anhydride Polymer Encapsulated on Activated Carbon (Ru/ASMA@AC) Catalyst." Molecules 28, no. 12 (2023): 4830. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28124830.

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Анотація:

Sorbitol, a product primarily derived from glucose hydrogenation, has extensive applications in the pharmaceutical, chemical and other industries. Amino styrene-co-maleic anhydride polymer encapsulated on activated carbon (Ru/ASMA@AC) catalysts were developed for efficient glucose hydrogenation and were prepared and confined Ru by coordination with styrene-co-maleic anhydride polymer (ASMA). Through single-factor experiments, optimal conditions were determined to be 2.5 wt.% ruthenium loading and a catalyst usage of 1.5 g, 20% glucose solution at 130 °C, reaction pressure of 4.0 MPa, and a sti

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23

Shinde, Sunil B., and Raj M. Deshpande. "Catalytic Hydrogenation Products of Aromatic and Aliphatic Dicarboxylic Acids." Asian Journal of Chemistry 31, no. 5 (2019): 1137–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2019.21921.

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Анотація:

Hydrogenation of aromatic dicarboxylic acids gave 100 % selectivity to respective cyclohexane dicarboxylic acid with 5 % Pd/C catalyst. 5 % Ru/C catalyst was observed to give over hydrogenation products at 493 K and at lower temperature (453 K) the selectivity for cyclohexane dicarboxylic acids was increased. Hydrogenation of phthalic acid with Ru-Sn/Al2O3 catalyst was observed to give phthalide instead of 1,2-benzene dimethanol or 2-hydroxy methyl benzoic acid. Ru-Sn/Al2O3 catalyst selectively hydrogenated the carboxylic group of cyclohexane dicarboxylic acids to give cyclohexane dimethanol.

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24

Hamzah, Noraini, Aznira Alias, Wan Zurina Samad, Mohamad Bin Kassim, and Mohd Ambar Yarmo. "Effect of Ruthenium Metal Precursors Supported on Bentonite in Hydrogenolysis Glycerol." Advanced Materials Research 173 (December 2010): 134–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.173.134.

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Анотація:

Various ruthenium precursors (Ru= RuCl3, Ru2 = Ru(acac)3, Ru3 = Ru3(CO)12) supported on bentonite were prepared by conventional impregnation method. Their catalytic performances were evaluated in the hydrogenolysis of glycerol using autoclave Parr reactor under mild reaction conditions of 150°C, hydrogen pressure 30 bar for 7 hours. Among the studied catalyst, 5% Ru/bentonite catalyst prepared from Ru and Ru3 precursor exhibited higher activity which are 79.6% and 72.5% respectively. In contrast, Ru2/bentonite prepared from Ru(acac)3 precusor gave lowest activity (41.8%). In term of selectivit

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25

Kumaravel, Sakthivel, Sivakumar Thiripuranthagan, Elangovan Erusappan, et al. "Ru/TiO2 Nanostructured Catalysts: Synthesis, Characterization and Catalytic Activity Towards Hydrogenation of Ethyl Levulinate." Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology 21, no. 12 (2021): 6160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jnn.2021.19537.

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Анотація:

Pristine TiO2 and x% Ru/TiO2 catalysts with different wt.% of Ru (x%= 1.5%, 2%, 2.5% and 3%) were synthesized using sol–gel and simple impregnation methods. Different characterization techniques such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), Inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and Thermogravimetry/Differential thermal analysis (TG/DTA) were used to study the physicochemical and morphological properties. The XRD patterns of the as-prepa

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26

Cao, Zhi, Tianchi Li, Baole Li, Xiwen Chen, Chen Zuo, and Weifang Zheng. "Study on the Deactivation Mechanism of Ru/C Catalysts." Processes 12, no. 6 (2024): 1138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr12061138.

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Анотація:

Employing catalytic decomposition to break down reducing agents in intermediate-level radioactive waste during nuclear fuel reprocessing offers significant advantages. This study focuses on investigating the deactivation behavior of 5% Ru/C catalysts by two different synthesis processes used for reducing agent destruction. Deactivation experiments were conducted by subjecting the 5% Ru/C catalysts to 100 and 150 reaction cycles. Changes in the concentration of free radicals on the carbon-based carrier were measured to analyze the loading position and loss of Ru ions. Additionally, sorption–des

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27

Nishi, Masayasu, Shih-Yuan Chen, and Hideyuki Takagi. "Energy Efficient and Intermittently Variable Ammonia Synthesis over Mesoporous Carbon-Supported Cs-Ru Nanocatalysts." Catalysts 9, no. 5 (2019): 406. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9050406.

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Анотація:

The Cs-promoted Ru nanocatalysts supported on mesoporous carbon materials (denoted as Cs-Ru/MPC) and microporous activated carbon materials (denoted as Cs-Ru/AC) were prepared for the sustainable synthesis of ammonia under mild reaction conditions (<500 °C, 1 MPa). Both Ru and Cs species were homogeneously impregnated into the mesostructures of three commercial available mesoporous carbon materials annealed at 1500, 1800 and 2100 °C (termed MPC-15, MPC-18 and MPC-21, respectively), resulting in a series of Cs-Ru/MPC catalysts with Ru loadings of 2.5–10 wt % and a fixed Cs loading of 33 wt %

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28

Wang, Lijian, Kang Zhang, Yi Qiu, Huiyun Chen, Jie Wang, and Zhihua Wang. "Catalytic and Sulfur-Tolerant Performance of Bimetallic Ni–Ru Catalysts on HI Decomposition in the Sulfur-Iodine Cycle for Hydrogen Production." Energies 14, no. 24 (2021): 8539. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en14248539.

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The sulfur-iodine (SI) cycle holds great promise as an alternative large-scale process for converting water into hydrogen without CO2 emissions. A major issue regarding the long-term stability and activity of the catalysts is their poor sulfur deactivation resistance in the HI feeding process. In this work, the effect of Ru addition for enhancing the activity and sulfur resistance of SiO2-supported Ni catalysts in the HI decomposition reaction has been investigated. The presence of H2SO4 molecules in the HI results in severe sulfur deactivation of the Ru-free Ni/SiO2 catalysts by blocking the

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Liao, Wei Ming, Zhan Rou Zhong, Xiao Yun Guo, Xu Geng, Shu Kun Xie, and Cheng Lin Zheng. "Research on Impregnated Ruthenium Catalyst of Simulation Printing and Dyeing Wastewater Treatment with CWAO Method." Advanced Materials Research 664 (February 2013): 374–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.664.374.

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In the treatment of methyl orange simulation printing and dyeing wastewater by catalytic wet air oxidation method, the Ru series catalysts were prepared with the equal amount impregnation method. The catalyst activity and stability were characterized by the decolorization rate of the water samples, and the eluted metal ion concentration from the catalyst of the water samples. XRD, SEM, FT-IR were used to characterize the catalysts. The results showed that: when active allocation ratio of the catalyst was Ru:Cu:Fe:Ce:La = 1:0.5:0.5:0.5:0.5, the degradation rate of methyl orange could reach up t

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30

Jędrzejczyk, Marcin, Emilia Soszka, Joanna Goscianska, Marcin Kozanecki, Jacek Grams, and Agnieszka M. Ruppert. "The Influence of Carbon Nature on the Catalytic Performance of Ru/C in Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation with Internal Hydrogen Source." Molecules 25, no. 22 (2020): 5362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25225362.

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The influence of the nature of carbon materials used as a support for Ru/C catalysts on levulinic acid hydrogenation with formic acid as a hydrogen source toward gamma-valerolactone was investigated. It has been shown that the physicochemical properties of carbon strongly affect the catalytic activity of Ru catalysts. The relationship between the hydrogen mobility, strength of hydrogen adsorption, and catalytic performance was established. The catalyst possessing the highest number of defects, stimulating metal support interaction, exhibited the highest activity. The effect of the catalyst gra

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31

Sun, Haijie, Zhihao Chen, Lingxia Chen, et al. "Selective Hydrogenation of Benzene to Cyclohexene over Ru-Zn Catalysts: Investigations on the Effect of Zn Content and ZrO2 as the Support and Dispersant." Catalysts 8, no. 11 (2018): 513. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal8110513.

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m-ZrO2 (monoclinic phase) supported Ru-Zn catalysts and unsupported Ru-Zn catalysts were synthesized via the impregnation method and co-precipitation method, respectively. The catalytic activity and selectivity were evaluated for selective hydrogenation of benzene towards cyclohexene formation. Catalyst samples before and after catalytic experiments were thoroughly characterized via X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray Fluorescence (XRF), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N2-sorption, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), H2-temperature programmed reduction (H2-TPR), and a contact angle mete

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32

Howe, Alexander G. R., Rhodri Maunder, David J. Morgan, and Jennifer K. Edwards. "Rapid Microwave-Assisted Polyol Synthesis of TiO2-Supported Ruthenium Catalysts for Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation." Catalysts 9, no. 9 (2019): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9090748.

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One wt% Ru/TiO2 catalysts prepared by a one-pot microwave-assisted polyol method have been shown to be highly active for Levulinic acid hydrogenation to γ-Valerolactone. Preparation temperature, microwave irradiation time and choice of Ru precursor were found to have a significant effect on catalyst activity. In the case of Ru(acac)3-derived catalysts, increasing temperature and longer irradiation times increased catalyst activity to a maximum LA conversion of 69%. Conversely, for catalysts prepared using RuCl3, shorter preparation times and lower temperatures yielded more active catalysts, wi

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33

Camara, Fakourou, Thomas Gavaggio, Baptiste Dautreppe, et al. "Electrochemical Properties of a Rhodium(III) Mono-Terpyridyl Complex and Use as a Catalyst for Light-Driven Hydrogen Evolution in Water." Molecules 27, no. 19 (2022): 6614. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules27196614.

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Molecular hydrogen (H2) is considered one of the most promising fuels to decarbonize the industrial and transportation sectors, and its photocatalytic production from molecular catalysts is a research field that is still abounding. The search for new molecular catalysts for H2 production with simple and easily synthesized ligands is still ongoing, and the terpyridine ligand with its particular electronic and coordination properties, is a good candidate to design new catalysts meeting these requirements. Herein, we have isolated the new mono-terpyridyl rhodium complex, [RhIII(tpy)(CH3CN)Cl2](CF

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34

Mikhaylova, A. A., V. I. Zilov, A. D. Aliev, and O. A. Khazova. "Carbon nanotubes supported core–shell catalysts Pt-Ru/Ni, Pt-Ru/Pb and Pt-Ru/Ni for methanol oxidation reaction in fuel cell." Electrochemical Energetics 14, no. 2 (2014): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.18500/1608-4039-2014-14-2-85-92.

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The core-shell type catalysts were obtained by spontaneous surface substitution of electrodeposited Pb, Ni and Cu by platinum metals Pt-Ru. The surface layer of obtained catalysts was tested by EDAX; the amount of platinum was determined by ICP-AES. The catalytic activity of obtained catalysts was examined in methanol oxidation reaction. The stationary state currents were referred to EAS, determined from hydrogen adsorption. For all investigated systems the catalytic effect was registered thus confirming the activity of core–shell catalyst.

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35

Jia, Xiaofan, Songyuan Tian, Philip J. Shivokevich, W. Dean Harman, Diane A. Dickie, and T. Brent Gunnoe. "Electron-Deficient Ru(II) Complexes as Catalyst Precursors for Ethylene Hydrophenylation." Inorganics 10, no. 6 (2022): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/inorganics10060076.

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Ruthenium(II) complexes with the general formula TpRu(L)(NCMe)Ph (Tp = hydrido(trispyrazolyl)borate, L = CO, PMe3, P(OCH2)3CEt, P(pyr)3, P(OCH2)2(O)CCH3) have previously been shown to catalyze arene alkylation via Ru-mediated arene C–H activation including the conversion of benzene and ethylene to ethylbenzene. Previous studies have suggested that the catalytic performance of these TpRu(II) catalysts increases with reduced electron-density at the Ru center. Herein, three new structurally related Ru(II) complexes are synthesized, characterized, and studied for possible catalytic benzene ethylat

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36

Tamaki, Yusuke, and Osamu Ishitani. "Supramolecular photocatalysts constructed with a photosensitizer unit with two tridentate ligands for CO2 reduction." Faraday Discussions 198 (2017): 319–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c6fd00220j.

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Анотація:

New supramolecular photocatalysts comprising an asymmetric bis-tridentate Ru(ii) complex that functions as a photosensitizer and a Ru(ii) carbonyl complex as the catalyst were designed. The complexes photocatalyzed the reduction of CO<sub>2</sub> to CO or formic acid with high selectivity. The product distribution depended on the catalyst unit. CO and formic acid were the main products when using [Ru(BL)(Clbpy)(CO)]<sup>2+</sup> (BL = bridging ligand, Clbpy = 4,4′-dichloro-2,2′-bipyridine) and Ru(BL)(CO)<sub>2</sub>Cl<sub>2</sub> catalysts, respectively.

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37

Kowal, A., P. Olszewski, D. V. Tripković, and R. Stevanović. "Nanoscale Topography of GC/Pt-C and GC/Pt-Ru-C Electrodes Studied by Means of STM, AFM and XRD Methods." Materials Science Forum 518 (July 2006): 271–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.518.271.

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Electrodes, assigned as GC/Pt-C and GC/Pt-Ru-C, were formed by deposition of Ptbased catalysts (47.5 wt % Pt + high surface area carbon) and (54 wt. % Pt-Ru alloy + high surface area carbon) on glassy carbon (GC) discs. X-ray diffraction measurements were used for the determination of the average crystallite size and phase composition of both catalysts. Crystallite size for Pt-C catalyst was 2.9 nm for Pt-fcc. In the diffraction pattern of the Pt-Ru-C catalyst two phases, e.g. Pt-Ru-fcc and Ru-hcp were refined using the Rietveld method. Crystallite sizes were 3.9 nm for Pt-Ru-fcc and 2.8 nm fo

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38

Chakraborty, Sourav, Ashish Bahuguna, and Yoel Sasson. "Ru-gC3N4 Catalyzed Hydrodebenzylation of Benzyl Protected Alcohol and Acid Groups Using Sodium Hypophosphite as a Hydrogen Source." Catalysts 11, no. 10 (2021): 1227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11101227.

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A straightforward process for hydrodebenzylation of benzyl protected acid and alcohol derivatives to the corresponding acids and alcohols using sodium hypophosphite in the presence of Ru-GCN catalyst is reported. The developed Ru-GCN catalyst is cost effective compared to other noble metal-based catalysts and has been explored to exhibit excellent activity for catalytic hydrodebenzylation reactions under moderate reaction conditions. The non-corrosive sodium hypophosphite has been found as a better hydrogen donor compared to alkali metal formats in presence of Ru-GCN catalyst. The stated catal

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39

Монжаренко, Маргарита Александровна, Антонина Анатольевна Степачёва, and Елена Игоревна Шиманская. "RU - CATALYST FOR FATTY ALCOHOLS PRODUCTION." Вестник Тверского государственного университета. Серия: Химия, no. 4(46) (December 27, 2021): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vtchem2021.4.6.

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Данная работа посвящена изучению гидрирования жирных кислот с целью получения жирных спиртов, которые являются ценными продуктами химической промышленности. В процессе гидрирования использовались катализаторы на основе рутения импрегнированного в сверхсшитый полистирол (СПС). Оценивалось влияние типа носителя и содержания металла на выход продуктов гидрирования. Использовались три разных типа СПС: нефункционализированный, с функциональными амино- и сульфогруппами. Анализ результатов показал, что Ru-содержащие катализаторы являются перспективными в гидрировании карбоксильной группы жирных кисло

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Chidziva, Stanford, Dorcas Zide, Joshua John Bambo, Anele Sinto, Sivakumar Pasupathi, and Bernard J. Bladergroen. "Synthesis and Electrochemical Characterization of Ru-Modified Iridium Oxide Catalysts for PEM Electrolysis." AppliedChem 4, no. 4 (2024): 353–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/appliedchem4040022.

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In the search of sustainable energy solutions, proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers (PEMWEs) have emerged as a promising alternative for sustainable clean hydrogen production. This study focuses on synthesis and characterization of Ruthenium (Ru)-modified iridium oxide (IrO2) catalysts. The anode is the principal reason for the high overpotential of PEMWEs and it also greatly increases the cost of the electrolyzers. IrO2 is highly stable and corrosion-resistant, particularly in acidic environments, making it a durable catalyst for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in PEMWEs, though i

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41

Gautam, Prashant, та Vivek Srivastava. "Active γ –Alumina -Supported Ru Nanoparticles for CO2 Hydrogenation Reaction". Letters in Organic Chemistry 17, № 8 (2020): 603–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1570178617666191107112429.

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A series of alumina supported Ru nanoparticles (Ru γ -Al2O3-x (x=2-10 Ru wt%) was synthesized using the ethylene glycol reduction method. XRD, TEM, EDX, H2-chemisorption, XPS and H2-TPD analytical techniques were used to understand the physiochemical nature of alumina supported Ru nanoparticles. All the well-characterized Ru#Al2O3-x (x=2-10 Ru wt%) catalysts were used for high-pressure CO2 hydrogenation to formic acid synthesis. A clear correlation was recorded between the physiochemical properties of developed catalysts and the molar quantity of formic acid. Among all the developed catalysts,

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42

Hrbek, Tomáš, Šárka Paušová, and Karel Bouzek. "Strain-Engineered Ir Shell Enhances Activity and Stability of Ir-Ru Catalysts for Water Electrolysis: An Operando Wide-Angle X-Ray Scattering Study." Advanced Energy Materials 15, no. 12 (2024): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202403738.

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About the dataset: Ir-Ru alloys with high Ru content serve as stable and highly active catalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction (OER) in Proton Exchange Membrane Water Electrolyzers (PEM-WEs), enabling efficient operation with low Ir loadings (150 µg cm−2). Despite this, the mechanisms behind their enhanced stability remain unclear. In this study, operando Wide-Angle X-ray Scattering (WAXS) and ex situ techniques are utilized to investigate the structural evolution of these magnetron-sputtered alloys during a PEM-WE operation. The findings reveal that Ru leaches from the surface

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Chomboon, Tanakit, Weerit Kumsung, Metta Chareonpanich, Selim Senkan, and Anusorn Seubsai. "Chromium-Ruthenium Oxides Supported on Gamma-Alumina as an Alternative Catalyst for Partial Combustion of Methane." Catalysts 9, no. 4 (2019): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal9040335.

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Catalyst screening of γ-Al2O3-supported, single-metal and bimetallic catalysts revealed several bimetallic catalysts with activities for partial combustion of methane greater than a benchmark Pt/γ-Al2O3 catalyst. A cost analysis of those catalysts identified that the (2 wt%Cr + 3 wt% Ru)/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, denoted as 2Cr3Ru/Al2O3, was about 17.6 times cheaper than the benchmark catalyst and achieved a methane conversion of 10.50% or 1.6 times higher than the benchmark catalyst based on identical catalyst weights. In addition, various catalyst characterization techniques were performed to determ

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44

Diercks, Justus Sebastian, Elias Janke, Florian Bauer, and Hany A. Elsayed. "Addressing Ru Leaching in Reformate Hydrogen PEM Fuel Cells: Development of a Rotating Disk Electrode-Based Accelerated Stress Test." ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2025-01, no. 40 (2025): 2150. https://doi.org/10.1149/ma2025-01402150mtgabs.

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The adoption of PEM fuel cells for heavy-duty applications, such as maritime transport, often necessitates the use of liquid hydrogen carriers like methanol due to storage and handling considerations.[1] Methanol reforming is an efficient method to generate hydrogen and CO₂ on-site; however, trace amounts of CO invariably remain in the reformate gas, despite subsequent purification steps such as water-gas shift and selective oxidation.[2,3] These residual CO levels, typically in the low ppm range, significantly exceed the tolerance threshold of platinum-based catalysts on the anode (<0.2 pp

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45

Yang, Ying, Suoying Zhang, Lin Gu, and Shijie Hao. "Ru Single Atoms on One-Dimensional CF@g-C3N4 Hierarchy as Highly Stable Catalysts for Aqueous Levulinic Acid Hydrogenation." Materials 15, no. 21 (2022): 7464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15217464.

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Herein, we report a stable catalyst with Ru single atoms anchored on a one-dimensional carbon fiber@graphitic carbon nitride hierarchy, by assembling wet wipes composed of fiber-derived carbon fiber (CF), melamine-derived graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) and RuCl3 before NaBH4 reduction. The atomically dispersed Ru species (3.0 wt%) are tightly attached via N-coordination provided by exterior g-C3N4 nanosheets, and further stabilized by the interior mesoporous CF. The obtained CF@g-C3N4–Ru SAs catalyst can be cycled six times without notable leaching of Ru or loss of GVL yield in the acidic m

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46

Yang, Yang, Zhong Zheng, Mengyue Kong, et al. "The Study on the Active Site Regulated RuOx/Sn0.2Ti0.8O2 Catalysts with Different Ru Precursors for the Catalytic Oxidation of Dichloromethane." Catalysts 11, no. 11 (2021): 1306. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal11111306.

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Chlorine-containing volatile organic compounds (CVOCs) present in industrial exhaust gas can cause great harm to the human body and the environment. In order to further study the catalytic oxidation of CVOCs, an active site regulated RuOx/Sn0.2Ti0.8O2 catalyst with different Ru precursors was developed. With Dichloromethane as the model molecule, the activity test results showed that the optimization of Ru precursor using Ru colloid significantly increased the activity of the catalyst (T90 was reduced by about 90 °C when the Ru loading was 1 wt%). The analysis of characterization results showe

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47

Wang, Yingxuan. "A Focused Review on Bio-inspired Multi-site Water Oxidation Catalysis by Ruthenium Complexes." Applied and Computational Engineering 156, no. 1 (2025): 104–14. https://doi.org/10.54254/2755-2721/2025.mh25250.

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The creation of efficient water oxidation catalysts (WOCs) is a key area of advancement in sustainable energy researches, particularly for enabling large-scale hydrogen production through water electrolysis. Recent advances in molecular catalyst design have highlighted the prominence of multi-site ruthenium-based systems, with Ru(bda) (bda = 2,2-bipyridine-6,6-dicarboxylate) complexes emerging as a benchmark due to their mechanistic versatility and tunable reactivity. Substantial progress has been achieved through strategic modifications of Ru(bda) catalysts, including dimerization, macrocycli

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48

Ruiyi, Li, He Keyang, Xu Pengwu, et al. "Synthesis of a ruthenium–graphene quantum dot–graphene hybrid as a promising single-atom catalyst for electrochemical nitrogen reduction with ultrahigh yield rate and selectivity." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 43 (2021): 24582–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta07158k.

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We report synthesis of single-atom Ru–graphene quantum dot–graphene catalyst. Ru single atoms are fixed on graphene sheet with high Ru loading of 5.1%. NH3 yield rate reaches 225 μg mg−1 h−1 that is better than that with the reported catalysts.

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Cui, Yao, Jixian Wang, Lei Yu та ін. "Construction of a (NNN)Ru-Incorporated Porous Organic Polymer with High Catalytic Activity for β-Alkylation of Secondary Alcohols with Primary Alcohols". Polymers 14, № 2 (2022): 231. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym14020231.

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Анотація:

Solid supports functionalized with molecular metal catalysts combine many of the advantages of heterogeneous and homogeneous catalysis. A (NNN)Ru-incorporated porous organic polymer (POP-bp/bbpRuCl3) exhibited high catalytic efficiency and broad functional group tolerance in the C–C cross-coupling of secondary and primary alcohols to give β-alkylated secondary alcohols. This catalyst demonstrated excellent durability during successive recycling without leaching of Ru which is ascribed to the strong binding of the pincer ligands to the metal ions.

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Azzahra, Atina Sabila, Heny Puspita Dewi, Edi Mikrianto, et al. "Bimetallic Ru-Sn as Effective Catalysts for the Selective Hydrogenation of Biogenic Platform Chemicals at Room Temperature." Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 18, no. 4 (2023): 700–712. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.20067.

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Анотація:

Supported bimetallic ruthenium-tin (denoted as Ru-Sn(x); x = molar ratio of Ru/Sn) catalysts were examined for room temperature (RT) hydrogenation of biogenic platform chemicals of levulinic acid (LA) to g-valerolactone (GVL). Six types of metal oxide support c.a. Nb2O5, TiO2, ZnO, ZrO2, g-Al2O3, active charcoal (AC), were employed as the support for Ru-Sn(x). Ru-Sn(3.0)/Nb2O5 (Ru/Sn = 3.0) that reduced at 500 oC demonstrated the highest yield of GVL (98%) at 30 oC, 30 bar H2 for 3 h. The increase in Sn loading amount (Ru/Sn = 1.5) resulted in decreasing of LA conversion (83%) under the same r

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