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Статті в журналах з теми "Charter Hall"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 10 січня 2023

Оновлено: 28 січня 2023

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1

Cameron*, Jamie. "Compelling Freedom on Campus: A Free Speech Paradox." Constitutional Forum / Forum constitutionnel 29, no. 2 (April 3, 2020): 5–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.21991/cf29395.

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In 1985, it was largely unknown how the Supreme Court of Canada would respond to the Charter.1 At first glance, a drugstore’s right to be open for business on Sunday, selling groceries, plastic cups, and a bicycle lock, seemed an unlikely source of inspiration for the Court’s first pronouncement on the essence of freedom. Perhaps unexpectedly, the justices enforced the entitlement, finding that a Sunday closing law compelling a corporation to comply with the Christian Sabbath infringed section 2(a)’s guarantee of religious freedom.2 In doing so, R v Big M Drug Mart defined freedom as “the absence of coercion or constraint,” stating without equivocation that no one who is compelled “to a course of action or inaction” is “truly free”.3 In Justice Dickson’s considered view, coercion includes “blatant forms of compulsion”, such as “direct commands to act or refrain from acting on pain of sanctions”, as well as forms of indirect control.4 In plain and unmistakeable terms, Big M promised that, under the Charter, “no one is to be forced to act in a way contrary to his beliefs or conscience”.5 * Professor Emeritus, Osgoode Hall Law School. I thank Kate Bezanson and Alison Braley-Rattai for includingme in this special issue of Constitutional Forum, and am grateful to Kate Bezanson for her comments onan earlier draft. I also thank Ryan Ng (JD 2021) for his valuable research assistance in the preparation ofthis paper. Finally, I note that I was a member of York University’s Free Speech Working Group in fall 2018.This paper does not in any way express the views of York University or the Working Group, which has longsince disbanded. 1Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, s 2(a), Part I of the Constitution Act, 1982, being Schedule B of the Canada Act 1982 (UK), 1982, c 11 [Charter].2R v Big M Drug Mart, [1985] 1 SCR 295, 18 DLR (4th) 321 [Big M].3Ibid at 336.4Ibid.5 Ibid at 337.

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2

Håkonsson, Dorthe Døjbak. "Interview with Professor George Huber." Journal of Organization Design 4, no. 3 (November 5, 2015): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/jod.22084.

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Professor Huber holds the Charles and Elizabeth Prothro Regents Chair Emeritus in Business Administration at the University of Texas at Austin. Professor Huber is a founding member of the Organization Design Community. He is a Fellow of the Academy of Management and of the Decision Sciences Institute and is a charter member of the Academy of Management Journals Hall of Fame. He is the recipient of multiple international awards for his research contributions. The interview focuses on Prof. Huber’s research journey. Professor Huber explains how he has managed to stay focused while working in many fields, and how his experience in non-academic environments is reflected in his academic thinking. Professor Huber also explains what moved him to the field of organization design, and what he sees as the major challenges for organization design research in the future.

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3

Gaydar, B. V., V. N. Tsygan, V. A. Shvets, K. A. Palii, S. A. Tsvetkov, and A. E. Baretskaya. "Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 20, no. 4 (December 15, 2018): 275–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma12400.

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The main events related to the assignment of the «Imperial» Medical and Surgical Academy status are considered. In the days of the celebration of the Academy’s 100th anniversary, publications dedicated to this event asserted that grateful offspring would always honor the memory of the Academy high Founders and Patrons. Our great predecessors, who celebrated the jubilee ideologically and organizationally, had recognized and honored Emperor Paul I as its founder. But the name and status the «Imperia Academy» was received from the hands» of Emperor Alexander I. On August 27, 1808, the Medical Surgical Academy, which had received Permission to be called Imperial, that was, a new quality (education) and other rights, the advantages granted to it, opened its first solemn meeting. That day, in our opinion, can claim to be considered the Birthday of the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy. We emphasize that it is only about of the «Imperial» status. At that meeting the president of the academy James Wylie announced that the emperor «deigned to take on the title of Honorary Member of the Academy». On September 18, 1809, another great celebration took place in the Assembly Hall of the Academy devoted Alexander I and other High Men receiving the title of Honorary Members of the Academy. At the same time, the Emperor «showed his special favor to the Academy and bestowed upon it the Highest Charter, which «protects the rights and advantages of the Academy for all time». The most important provision of the Highest Charter was that, as a pledge of special imperial favor, the Medical and Surgical Academy was given the title of the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy. That great celebration, its ritual procedure were reflected in the academic records: a thanksgiving service in the name of the Smolensk Mother of God in the academic church; the arrival of guests to a large academic audience (Assembly Hall, Conference Hall), members of the State Council, members of the Holy Synod, government ministers, foreign ministers; the arrival of Emperor Alexander I in «the Academy house»; the announcement of the Highest Diploma; the presentation of the diploma by the Minister of Internal Affairs Prince A. Kurakin to Emperor Alexander I; the highest order to present the diploma of the Academy; the receipt of the diploma by the President of the academy James Wylie and his thank-you speech; receiving diplomas Honorary Members of the Academy; election of new Honorary Members of the Academy; final speech of the President of the Academy; a visit to the Emperor of the academic church; breakfast of the Emperor in the dining room and his departure from the academy; further celebrations in the academy.

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4

Byrne, David. "A Customer Care Charter: the theory and practice of customer care for law librarians as suppliers of services as well as customers." Legal Information Management 1, no. 3 (2001): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147266960000061x.

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How does a supplier of information products, whether in an electronic or hardcopy format, go about keeping a customer happy when that customer happens to be a law librarian? The challenge of providing excellent service is of as much interest to the law librarian as a provider of services as it is to him or her as a consumer of services. For the session entitled “I can't get no satisfaction?” a panel of speakers was created consisting of David Smalley (Commercial Director at Lawtel), Paul Baker (Executive Director, Operations at Butterworths) and Pippa Hall (Customer Services Manager at Sweet & Maxwell). The panel was asked to focus on customer care and how it might be improved. As leading players in the field of customer care within the legal information sector how have they dealt with the issues of billing and customer support and how have they communicated with those customers that have raised problems? Do the speakers see a role for law librarians in the process of product development? How do the speakers see their products developing in the future and how do they expect future developments to be communicated to law librarians in the future?

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5

Nagirnyy, Vitaliy. "Czernelica nad Dniestrem – od grodu średniowiecznego do miasta nowożytnego." Krakowskie Pismo Kresowe 10 (November 30, 2018): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.12797/kpk.10.2018.10.01.

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Chernelytsia by the Dniester. The Development of a Medieval Grod Into a TownThe article explores the early history and gradual modernisation of Chernelytsia – a town of Pokkuttya region. The first settlement in this region was noted on a high triangular cape on the right bank of the Dniester. Initially, it was a modestly fortified settlement located on the border of the Kievan state. However, after its incorporation into the Galicia Rostislav state and subsequently into Galicia–Volhynia Romanovich state, the settlement developed into a tri-part fortified grod of 5 ha in area. The author hypothesises that the grod ceased to be active between the 2nd half of the 16th century and the 1st half of the 17th century, after it had fallen prey to the Tatars who had raided Pokkuttya. Another period in the history of Chernelytsia is marked by the emergence of a new settlement at the area of today’s town’s centre. The emergence is dated at the 1st half of the 15th century. Initially, both the new settlement and the old grod were active, however, soon after being granted a municipal charter, the new settlement took the lead in social and economic activity. The town structure ossified in the 17th century when the bastion castle was built, as well as the St Archangel Michael Church and a Dominican monastery. Also, three tserkov churches were active in Chernelytsia at that time. The market square emerged, the town hall and a synagogue were built, and suburbs became discernible. The town plan changed only at the end of the 18th century when the new era in town’s history started.

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6

Barrett, K. "Postgraduate teaching in the Department of Psychiatry, University of Keele." Psychiatric Bulletin 15, no. 1 (January 1991): 19–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.15.1.19.

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Keele received its Charter as the University College of North Staffordshire in 1950. The first Vice Chancellor was Lord Lindsay, formerly the Warden of Magdalen College, Oxford. In the pre-war years Lindsay was a frequent visitor to the Potteries, presenting lectures within the Workers Education Association. He was unusual as an Oxford don not only in this respect but also in his approach to university education. He was closely involved in the development of the Modern Greats degree at Oxford and had strong views on the need for a broad liberal university education. Keele was founded on this principle as a teaching university offering a four year degree, the foundation year requiring students to study arts, sciences and humanities. At its inception the university was housed in a Victorian stately home, Keele Hall, and several ex-army huts. For the first decade of its life a “community of scholars” ethos was strongly emphasised and academics as well as students were required to live on campus. There were weekly small group student seminars involving academics from the three different disciplines. The academics look back on these seminars fondly, although it is not clear whether the students derived the same enjoyment from these interdisciplinary talking shops.

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7

Dixon, Piers, and John Gilbert. "Dormount Hope." Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland 150 (November 30, 2021): 201–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/psas.150.1314.

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Until recently, deer hunting in medieval Scotland has been poorly researched archaeologically. In Hunting and Hunting Reserves in Medieval Scotland Gilbert identified medieval parks at Stirling and Kincardine in Perthshire that William the Lion created, but it is only in recent years that excavations by Hall and Malloy have begun to explore their archaeology. The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland recorded another type of hunting feature, a deer trap at Hermitage Castle, in 1996 and then re-recorded the earthwork at Dormount Hope in 2000, originally reported as two separate monuments. Although the earthworks of parks and traps display similarities in the construction of their earthwork boundaries, the individual sites have variations in their topography that beg questions about their function. This paper establishes that the earthwork is indeed a single monument which has an open end allowing deer to be driven into the natural canyon of Dormount Hope. It goes on to discuss its dating in both archaeological and documentary terms and then its function as either a park, trap or hay (haga OE). This last possibility is raised by its apparent mention in a Melrose Abbey charter of the neighbouring estate of Raeshaw dating to the last quarter of the 12th century, made by the lords of Hownam, a family of Anglian origin. This Anglian connection leads to its interpretation as a hay – a kind of deer hunting enclosure or trap known in many parts of England prior to the Norman Conquest, for which ‘hay’ place names, such as Hawick, in the Scottish Borders provide support.

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8

Vasquez Heilig, Brewer, and Williams. "Choice without Inclusion?: Comparing the Intensity of Racial Segregation in Charters and Public Schools at the Local, State and National Levels." Education Sciences 9, no. 3 (August 1, 2019): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/educsci9030205.

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We conduct descriptive and inferential analyses of publicly available Common Core of Data (CCD) to examine segregation at the local, state, and national levels. Nationally, we find that higher percentages of charter students of every race attend intensely segregated schools. The highest levels of racial isolation are at the primary level for public and middle level for charters. We find that double segregation by race and class is higher in charter schools. Charters are more likely to be segregated, even when controlling for local ethnoracial demographics. A majority of states have at least half of Blacks and a third of Latinx in intensely segregated charters. At the city level, we find that higher percentages of urban charter students were attending intensely segregated schools.

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9

Campanella, C., S. Alauria, and L. Amatori. "INTEGRATED KNOWLEDGE ON A THREE-DIMENSIONAL BASIS: THE FOUNDATION OF THE CONSERVATION PROJECT AND POSSIBLE IMPLICATIONS IN THE BIM AREA THE CASE OF THE PORTRAIT ROOM OF PALAZZO BOREA D'OLMO IN SANREMO." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W11 (May 4, 2019): 339–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w11-339-2019.

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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> This involved a sort of preventive diagnostics based on the historical knowledge of the building, on the construction techniques and on the compositional style, on the other hand on diagnostic imaging using photographic techniques developed from the early 1800s.<br />The preliminary cognitive approach, the stylistic identification, the classification of method, the historical reading, the critical analysis of the historical and compositional genesis of the building, the careful reading of the pathogenesis in progress, mark, from the mid-800 in then, the evolution of the concept of restoration that will take shape from time to time from what was "before" and only secondarily from what "is now". This perhaps unconscious diagnostic reading of the artifact (first artistic, then monumental and finally as a cultural testimony) has, in fact, involved generations of restorers painting the landscape of the restoration sometimes in different way, with results that well we know.<br />In fact, almost never the fathers of restoration (or anti-restoration) explicitly touch the issues of preventive diagnosis, but certainly base their theories and their "restoration" on the observation of the factory, on the knowledge of construction techniques and historical period of belonging.</p><p>The things begin to change starting from the first Charter of Restoration of 1883 with the enlargement of the diagnostic project (which finds paternity starting from the 1972 Italian Charter, which embraces many disciplines: from photography to relief, from chemistry to physics, from the historical reading to the knowledge of the materials, from the identification of the material pathogenesis to the reading of the static and structural framework of the buildings.<br />With the passing of time and the explosion of science and technology in the field of cultural heritage all aspects related to preliminary knowledge aimed at their conservation evolve exponentially especially with the advent of electronics. Starting from the 60s of the 1900s, equipment with great calculation capacity and small dimensions was born, a real springboard for the new techniques of surveying by means of a laser scanner, photographic socket and photogrammetric restitution.<br />Tools and techniques of restitution settle and even more solidly base the knowledge base linked to the project of conservation and enhancement of cultural heritage.</p><p>Base of support and extraction of selected data and / or dedicated to the project continuously interface with the disciplines of knowledge that are now more and more "forced" to the table of confrontation to reveal information hidden in the folds of time.<br />A recent work on an eighteenth-century Sanremese building it gives us information on the complexity of the construction of a process of knowledge articulated, composed of several activities to be correlated and integrated continuously, one in the other to try to give answers on evident problems of degradation never fully documented.</p><p>The study, performed in a rather limited time frame, focused on the Hall of family portraits seriously degraded by "accidents of various kinds". The work was based on the three-dimensional conception of the acquired data, allowing to investigate the hall as an articulated organism, supporting the technicians in the three-dimensional understanding of the asset, constituting a complete database of the actual state, becoming support of the results of the various surveys conducted for the knowledge of the asset.<br />In this cognitive path, the BIM method is understood as the possibility of constructing the "as built" model, complete not only of the dimensional graphic data of the asset, but also of those that contribute to the determination of the actual state. The graphic aspect of the model must be connected with historical, material, degradation, contextual information, with the results of any specialized investigations conducted.<br />Only then will the BIM model of a historic building be the complete database, the "medical record" of its state of health, complete with diagnosis, care, indications of maintenance that can be shared and questioned over time.</p>

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10

Mann, Bryan, and Nik Barkauskas. "Connecting Learners or Isolating Individuals?" International Journal of Cyber Ethics in Education 3, no. 2 (July 2014): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijcee.2014040104.

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Cyber charter schools are online schools that deliver educational content to students in Kindergarten through 12th grade. These programs provide the entire schooling experience through remote access to a virtual learning environment. Since cyber charters are a new educational platform, there is limited scholarly research discerning if they promote or detract from social justice in education. In mainstream dialogue, supporters hail cyber charters as providers of a quality education to students dissatisfied by their traditional school settings. For opponents, the schools are framed as providers of inadequate academic outcomes with a lack of social opportunity. To synthesize these disparate arguments, the authors examine Pennsylvania cyber charter website content and news stories in the popular press. The authors then discuss how these arguments relate to a social justice framework, considering potential implications for both Pennsylvania and outside entities who may wish to implement cyber charter schools in their local context.

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11

Davison, Ben. "Cohomological Hall algebras and character varieties." International Journal of Mathematics 27, no. 07 (June 2016): 1640003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129167x16400036.

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In this paper, we investigate the relationship between twisted and untwisted character varieties, via a specific instance of the Cohomological Hall algebra for moduli of objects in 3-Calabi–Yau categories introduced by Kontsevich and Soibelman. In terms of Donaldson–Thomas theory, this relationship is completely understood via the calculations of Hausel and Villegas of the [Formula: see text] polynomials of twisted character varieties and untwisted character stacks. We present a conjectural lift of this relationship to the cohomological Hall algebra setting.

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12

Schüller, C., K. B. Broocks, P. Schröter, C. Heyn, D. Heitmann, M. Bichler, W. Wegscheider, V. M. Apalkov, and T. Chakraborty. "Charged Excitons in the Quantum Hall Regime." Acta Physica Polonica A 106, no. 3 (September 2004): 341–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.106.341.

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13

Sokoloff, J. B. "Charged vortex excitations in quantum Hall systems." Physical Review B 31, no. 4 (February 15, 1985): 1924–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.31.1924.

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14

Hale, Adrian. "Gender bender agenda: Dame Edna, k. d. lang and Ivana Trump." European Journal of Humour Research 4, no. 3 (October 15, 2016): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/ejhr2016.4.3.hale.

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This paper asserts that we accept or reject humorous texts discursively on the basis of what we perceive as authorial agendas. This “authorial agenda spotting” is activated by discursive “triggers”, which identify, filter, reject, endorse, or otherwise subjectively interpret the discourse of a textual author. This study was prompted by observing the negative reception of a humorous text by a predominantly Muslim postgraduate student cohort who signalled cultural identity and social cohesion by rejecting a text which subverted gender performance according to their discursive expectations. The study sought to compare this triggered effect with the reception of the same text by a distinctly pre-disposed audience comprised of same-sex-attracted bloggers. This reception in turn was contrasted with the reception of the text by mainstream media reviewers. The text itself seems to spark these discursive triggers in all three audiences. It is taken from “The Dame Edna Treatment” (2007), a TV-media entertainment programme, which features the celebrity guests k. d. lang and Ivana Trump being “interviewed” by the Australian comedian Barry Humphries in character as “Dame Edna”.

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15

Navarro, Gabriel. "HALL SUBGROUPS AND STABLE BRAUER CHARACTERS." Proceedings of the Edinburgh Mathematical Society 44, no. 1 (February 2001): 111–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s001309159900108x.

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AbstractLet $H$ be a Hall $\pi$-subgroup of a finite $\pi$-separable group $G$, and let $\alpha$ be an irreducible Brauer character of $H$. If $\alpha(x)=\alpha(y)$ whenever $x,y \in H$ are $p$-regular and $G$-conjugate, then $\alpha$ extends to a Brauer character of $G$.AMS 2000 Mathematics subject classification: Primary 20C15; 20C20

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16

Hämäläinen, Nora. "Wolf Hall and moral personhood." Ethics & Bioethics 9, no. 3-4 (December 1, 2019): 197–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ebce-2019-0021.

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Abstract Can a good man do evil things? This paper offers a moral philosophical reading of Hilary Mantel’s novels Wolf Hall and Bring up the bodies, focusing on Mantel’s fictional portrayal of Thomas Cromwell as a good person, in spite of his growing involvement in the dirty work of Henry VIII. The narrative resists interpretations of Cromwell as someone corrupted by power. It also thwarts attempts to read his deeds as results of a deficient capacity for sympathetic imagination, which has been a focalized moral flaw in contemporary moral philosophical discussions of literature. By thus resisting moralized readings of his character, the novels invite intensified attention to the complex dynamics of character and circumstance.

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17

Isaacs, I. M. "Hall Subgroup Normalizers and Character Correspondences in M-Groups." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 109, no. 3 (July 1990): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2048203.

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18

Prudskikh, V. V. "Resonant character of the hall instability in protoplanetary disks." Astronomy Letters 38, no. 1 (January 2012): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1063773712010057.

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19

Wójs, A. "Photoluminescence of Charged Excitons in Fractional Quantum Hall Systems." Acta Physica Polonica A 106, no. 3 (September 2004): 355–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.12693/aphyspola.106.355.

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20

Isaacs, I. M. "Hall subgroup normalizers and character correspondences in $M$-groups." Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 109, no. 3 (March 1, 1990): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s0002-9939-1990-1017004-4.

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21

QUINN, J. J., A. WOJS, and K. S. YI. "RECOMBINATION OF FRACTIONALLY CHARGED EXCITONS IN QUANTUM HALL SYSTEMS." International Journal of Modern Physics B 18, no. 27n29 (November 30, 2004): 3585–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979204027062.

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Fractionally charged excitons (FCX's) consist of one or more Laughlin quasiparticles bound to a valence hole or to a negatively charged exciton. They occur when the hole is separated from the layer containing the electrons by a distance of the order of or larger than the magnetic length. The dispersion of FCX's and their importance in photoluminescence is discussed.

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22

Chibueze T. C and Ezema F. I. "Robust Half-Metallic Character In KMnGe Half-Heusler Compound." Current Science and Technology 1, no. 2 (September 1, 2021): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/cst.v1i2.6881.

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The search for spin injectors and spin sources in spintronic devices is a significant facet of materials research today. Consequently, half-Heusler (HAH) KMnGe alloy has been recommended as one such admissible materials. Herein, a rigorous examination of the structural, magnetic and electronic properties of HAH KMnGe alloy is done using ab initio method within the bolstered up rendition of the functional by Perdew and his group. Our result shows that HAH KmnGe alloy expresses type-1 and type-2 HAH structural ground state at high and low pressures respectively, which may pose a challenge in application. Impressively, HAH KMnGe alloy exhibits half metallic characteristic with an indirect energy gap in the Γ-X symmetry k-point and direct band gap at X-point in the minority electronic spin states for type-1 and type-2 phase respectively. Our findings agree fundamentally with some previous findings in the literature and suggests that the HAH KMnGe alloy is a credible excellent spin source in future spintronic devices.

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23

Chibueze, Timothy, and Fabian Ezema. "Robust Half-Metallic Character In KMnGe Half-Heusler Compound." Current Science and Technology 1, no. 2 (December 29, 2021): 9–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.15282/cst.v1i2.6789.

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The search for spin injectors and spin sources in spintronic devices is a significant facet of materials research today. Consequently, half-Heusler (HAH) KMnGe alloy has been recommended as one such admissible materials. Herein, a rigorous examination of the structural, magnetic and electronic properties of HAH KMnGe alloy is done using ab initio method within the bolstered up rendition of the functional by Perdew and his group. Our result shows that HAH KmnGe alloy expresses type-1 and type-2 HAH structural ground state at high and low pressures respectively, which may pose a challenge in application. Impressively, HAH KMnGe alloy exhibits half metallic characteristic with an indirect energy gap in the Γ-X symmetry k-point and direct band gap at X-point in the minority electronic spin states for type-1 and type-2 phase respectively. Our findings agree fundamentally with some previous findings in the literature and suggests that the HAH KMnGe alloy is a credible excellent spin source in future spintronic devices.

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24

Stuart, Yoel E., and Jonathan B. Losos. "Ecological character displacement: glass half full or half empty?" Trends in Ecology & Evolution 28, no. 7 (July 2013): 402–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tree.2013.02.014.

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25

Demichev, Alexey A. "Principles of the civil procedural legislation of Russia in the second half of the 19th century." Current Issues of the State and Law, no. 18 (2021): 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.20310/2587-9340-2021-5-18-214-225.

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Based on the positivist understanding of law principles, we analyze the legislation of the Russian Empire, which normatively enshrines the principles of civil procedural law. We substantiate the position that in the pre-revolutionary doctrine there were certain ideas about the principles of civil procedural legislation, however, a special analysis of normative acts with the aim of identifying them was not carried out. We highlight the features of pre-revolutionary scientists work – specialists in the field of civil procedural law, namely: theorization, reasoning about the principles of civil procedure “in general” as some universal ideas in isolation from the real analysis of the Charter of civil procedure, “inscribing” of Russian civil procedural law in the European context and as a consequence of this, the use of a wide range of foreign literature. Based on the analysis of the Charter of Civil Procedure of 1864 and the Nominative Decree given to the Senate “On the Establishment of Judicial Regulations and on the Judicial Charters” dated November 20, 1864, we substantiate and conclude that seven principles of civil procedural law were enshrined in the legislation of the Russian Empire: 1) principle of independence of judges; 2) principle of equality of all before the court; 3) adversarial principle; 4) principle of humanism; 5) principle of justice; 6) principle of publicity; 7) principle of speedy proceedings (principle of considering a case on the merits in no more than two instances).

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26

Petruccelli, Charles, and Philip G. Moscoso. "Charles Petruccelli: "We are at the beginning of a major industry disruption: Mobility."." IESE Insight, no. 8 (March 15, 2011): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.15581/002.ent-645.

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27

Kirov, A. A. "FORMATION OF THE ORGANIZATION OF THE RIGA PILOT SHOP." Scientific Notes of V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Juridical science 7 (73), no. 2 (2022): 51–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.37279/2413-1733-2021-7-2-51-66.

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The article presents the material collected by the author related to the study of the legal organization of the Riga Pilot Shop from the XIII to the second half of the XIX centuries. It is indicated that the pilot shop that served the port of Riga was formed in the XVII century, shortly after the establishment of the post of Water Captain and the appearance of customs on the right bank of the Daugava River, opposite the Daugavgrivskaya fortress. According to the regulations, Bolderaya was defined as the place of residence of the pilots, who could change it only in exceptional cases. After the conclusion of the Peace of Nishtat (1721) and the entry of Riga into the Russian Empire, the activities of pilots of its port were regulated by such normative acts as the «Charter on Riga Commerce» of 1765, the decree of March 4, 1840 «On increasing the pilotage Fee in the Port of Riga», the charter of Riga pilots of 1854, which was valid until 1904, i.e. before the adoption of the new charter. The Charter of 1854 was much more detailed than previously issued regulations and charters and played a significant role in the development of rationing of pilots ‘ activities throughout the Russian Empire.

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Akchurin, Maksum M., and Oleg O. Vladimirov. "About the Place of the Tatar Aristocracy in the Structure of Government of the Mountain Side (Sviyazhsk Uyezd) from the second half of the sixteenth to the early seventeenth century." Golden Horde Review 10, no. 1 (March 29, 2022): 154–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.22378/2313-6197.2022-10-1.154-183.

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Research objectives: To study the role of the Tatar nobility in the management of a historical region, Gornaya storona, on the right bank of the Volga in the Kazan Khanate and later in the Sviyazhsky district. Research materials: The study is based on new published sources, first and foremost being the text of the charter granted to the princes Temey and Ishey. This is the only known charter of the Sviyazhsky district. Results and novelty of the research: The author compared Temey’s charter with the charters granted to the Tatar princes of Meshchera (the so-called Mordovian princes) and reached the conclusion that the Sviyazh princes retained their former administrative functions of the beks of the Horde. At the same time, the princes and the district administration were given separate powers to manage certain groups of the population. The Russian administration ruled the so-called Chuvash volosts, while the Tatar aristocracy ruled the so-called Tatar hundreds. The full text of the charter contains certain information about Temey’s father, Prince Kochak. The author was able to identify the names of the last rulers of the Bekbulatov hundred and the features of the internal administrative division of the Sviyazhsky district. The hundreds of Prince Ishey and Prince Temey were once a single administrative region, that is, the Baryshev volost. The author found information about the participation of the inhabitants of the so-called Tatar hundreds in the Yenaleevsky uprising of 1615–1616 and identified the names of the uprising’s local leaders who came from the ruling princely families. Also, the author carried out a genetic analysis of the Y-chromosome of the descendants of princes Ishey and Temey in the male line, known from official documents. The results of the study confirmed (with a high degree of probability) the reliability of the evidence in the charter that Ishey and Temey were cousins.

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29

Konyagin, Sergei V., and Vsevolod F. Lev. "Character sums in complex half-planes." Journal de Théorie des Nombres de Bordeaux 16, no. 3 (2004): 587–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.5802/jtnb.463.

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30

Popov, Dmitry I. "State Power and the Procedure for Creating Public Organizations in Russia in the Second Half of the 19th Century." Herald of Omsk University. Series: Historical Studies 7, no. 4 (28) (December 28, 2020): 14–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.24147/2312-1300.2020.7(4).14-23.

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The article reveals the evolution of legal regulation of the procedure for creating public organizations in Russia in the second half of the 19th century. It is established that the main criterion for the legality of public organizations in Russia was the presence of a charter approved by the state authority. Legislative regulation of the creation of private initiative societies was reduced to determining the list of state authorities authorized to approve the charters of new societies. Through the publication of a wide range of secondary legislation, the state authority established the requirements for the content of statutory norms and determined the procedure for their approval. The author found that in the second half of the 19th century there was a decentralization of the mechanism for creating private initiative societies and simplification of the administrative licensing procedure.

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31

Romers, J., L. Huijse, and K. Schoutens. "Charged spin textures over the Moore–Read quantum Hall state." New Journal of Physics 13, no. 4 (April 11, 2011): 045013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/13/4/045013.

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32

Patton, Kelly R., and Michael R. Geller. "Fractionally charged impurity states of a fractional quantum Hall system." New Journal of Physics 16, no. 2 (February 4, 2014): 023004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/16/2/023004.

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33

Bauhofer, W. "Two-band character of the first-order longitudinal Hall effect." Physical Review B 38, no. 8 (September 15, 1988): 5215–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.38.5215.

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34

FERRER, E. J., and V. DE LA INCERA. "HALL-MEISSNER EFFECT IN CHARGED ANYON FLUID AT T → 0." International Journal of Modern Physics B 09, no. 27 (December 15, 1995): 3585–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217979295001415.

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The superconducting behavior of the charged anyon fluid at finite density (µ ≠ 0) and in the zero temperature statistical limit (T → 0) is investigated in a self-consistent way. It is found that total magnetic screening appears only in the presence of a transverse electric field. This electric field is interpreted as a way to simulate, in the linear effective theory, the Hall potential associated with the vortex structure of the charged anyon system. The London penetration depth of the superconducting phase is found to be dependent on the filling factor.

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35

Liang, Dengfeng, Guohua Qian, and Wujie Shi. "Finite groups whose all irreducible character degrees are Hall-numbers." Journal of Algebra 307, no. 2 (January 2007): 695–703. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2006.10.010.

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36

Son, Myenghee. "Features and Functions of Sŏnwŏnjŏn of the Late Chosŏn Period Reflected in Ritual Foods and Vessels, Interior Setting, and the Enshrined Portraits." Korean Journal of Art History 312 (December 31, 2021): 35–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31065/kjah.312.202112.002.

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Sŏnwŏnjŏn (璿源殿, Hall of Jade Source) stands out from other royal portrait halls within the late Chosŏn period on account of its unofficiality. This comes through in its rites, ritual foods and vessels, interior setting, and the enshrined portraits. Sŏnwŏnjŏn was an informal sacred hall where royal family members could personally present offerings and worship before portraits of late Chosŏn kings in the inner court. Birthday tea rituals (誕辰茶禮), which drew on non-Confucian traditions, were established as the representative rite of this hall. Unlike many other ritual halls at the time, these tea rituals often featured the active participation of royal women including queen dowagers and royal consorts. From the preparation of rituals to acts of veneration, they played an active role. This stands in stark contrast to the rites of Yŏnghŭijŏn (永禧殿, Hall of Eternal Happiness), the representative official portrait hall of late Chosŏn, which were always performed by male officials. Yŏnghŭijŏn primarily used oil-and-honey pastries (油蜜菓) and brass vessels for the offering tables. Conversely, Sŏnwŏnjŏn presented vessels made from the most luxurious materials of the time, such as silver, gold, and even jade. The vessels included delicacies comprised of various kinds of meat and fish dishes for the tea rituals. Objects originally produced for the king’s use in life were also incorporated into Sŏnwŏnjŏn rites. In sum, the ritual foods and vessels for tea rituals echoed the table setting for a king in the inner banquet (內進饌) to commemorate his birthday. The rites as well as the ritual foods and vessels of Sŏnwŏnjŏn seem to have followed the tea rituals of a spirit hall, in which a deceased king’s spirit tablet was enshrined for about two years and royal family members could serve as if the late king was alive. The physical environment of a chamber at Sŏnwŏnjŏn mimicked the interior setting of a spirit hall, and consisted of a baldachin, a three-sided Five Peak screen, a royal bed, and a set of four-panel peony paintings. This interior differs from one of official portrait halls, wherein there was a one-sided Five Peak screen and a royal bed without the use of Peony screens. Indeed, Sŏnwŏnjŏn functioned as a substitute for a spirit hall. In the 19th century, the hall was distinguished from a sprit hall by the more lavish decoration of its inner space with paintings rich in symbolism, additionally including Plum screens and Sea-and-Peaches of Immortality screens. The subject matter of the paintings expressed the royal family’s hope for the eternal life of their ancestors. Portraits selected for worship in Sŏnwŏnjŏn matched the intimate and informal character of this late Chosŏn portrait hall. Unlike Yŏnghŭijŏn in which full-length portraits of late Chosŏn kings in official attire were displayed, a majority of the displayed or enshrined portraits at Sŏnwŏnjŏn presented kings in ordinary attire. Moreover, half-length portraits were enshrined therein. Kings and also the queen dowagers were primarily responsible for deciding what went into it. While ritual requirements were important to these decisions, human feelings for the portrait subjects also influenced the selection.

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37

Faulk, Barry. "CAMP EXPERTISE: ARTHUR SYMONS, MUSIC-HALL, AND THE DEFENSE OF THEORY." Victorian Literature and Culture 28, no. 1 (March 2000): 171–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150300281102.

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BY THE CLOSE OF THE PREVIOUS CENTURY, English music-hall or variety, an entertainment form that incorporated comic acts, sketch comedy, dance, even animal acts, was drawing a broad base of middle-class patrons, and losing its exclusive character as working-class entertainment. “Variety” halls like the Alhambra or the Empire now claimed the attention and lucre of a new mass audience. Music-hall was also, I would argue, a proving ground where enterprising intellectuals could flex their evaluative muscle. Perhaps more than any other Late Victorian man of letters, critic and poet Arthur Symons frequented the music-hall with an eye toward representing it, a service that he regularly performed for The Star newspaper and elite cultural venues such as The Fortnightly Review.

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38

Atanasov, D. R., D. Balabanski, L. Batist, K. Blaum, F. Bosch, D. Boutin, C. Brandau, et al. "Half-life measurements of highly charged radionuclides." Physica Scripta T156 (September 1, 2013): 014026. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/2013/t156/014026.

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39

Wetterich, C. "Half-integer charged hadrons from higher dimensions?" Physics Letters B 167, no. 3 (February 1986): 325–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0370-2693(86)90354-0.

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40

Girvin, Steven M. "The Fractional Quantum Hall Effect: Phonons, Rotons and Fractionally Charged Vortices." Physica Scripta T14 (January 1, 1986): 100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0031-8949/1986/t14/019.

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41

Park, Kwon. "Charged excitons of composite fermions in the fractional quantum Hall effect." Solid State Communications 121, no. 1 (December 2001): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0038-1098(01)00408-2.

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42

Dariescu, Marina-Aura, and Ciprian Dariescu. "Finite temperature analysis of quantum Hall-type behavior of charged bosons." Chaos, Solitons & Fractals 33, no. 3 (August 2007): 776–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chaos.2006.03.021.

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43

Su, W. P. "Statistics of the fractionally charged excitations in the quantum Hall effect." Physical Review B 34, no. 2 (July 15, 1986): 1031–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1103/physrevb.34.1031.

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44

Girvin, S. M., A. H. MacDonald, and P. M. Platzman. "Fractional quantum hall effect: Superfluidity, magneto-rotons and fractionally charged vortices." Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials 54-57 (February 1986): 1428–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-8853(86)90879-6.

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45

Fomin, S. "TIME AND THE OTHERS. ‘BILLIARDS AT HALF-PAST NINE’ [‘BILLARD UM HALB ZEHN’] BY H. BÖLL." Voprosy literatury, no. 2 (September 30, 2018): 247–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.31425/0042-8795-2018-2-247-271.

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The article deals with the image of time of Heinrich Böll’s Billiards at Half-Past Nine. Undergoing transformation as the novel progresses from beginning to end, time is promoted beyond the formal meanings of the word to the book’s theme, key driver of its plot, and one of the novel’s main characters. The author examines the artistic techniques, composition, timeline, and topography related to this metamorphosis, as well as the writer’s typical stylistic methods.To mention just a few, its dramaturgical substitution (whereby the role of the narrator is passed on from one character to another, and the scene moves across time); semantic surprise (an unexpected use of a word, or change of the topic of narration); spiral composition (description of past and present events in a cyclical rather than linear narration); the poetics of repetition and artistic laconicism.In addition, the research looks at the novel’s position in time and space in accordance with M. Bakhtin’s classification.

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46

Mulhall, Stephen. "Constructing a Hall of Reflection." Philosophy 72, no. 280 (April 1997): 219–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0031819100056850.

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Tom Phillips' painting for the dustjacket of the hardback edition of Metaphysics as a Guide to Morals depicts a faintly translucent, darkly-coloured, multi-layered lattice of letters, in which each character abuts directly upon others above, below and beside it, each overwrites or is overwritten by others of varying dimensions, but none is immediately decipherable as part of a word; and at the centre of this array is a geometrically precise, illuminated circle—perhaps emanating from a light located behind or under the layers of letters, perhaps from one directed at them from above. This image is open to many interpretations. It could represent the sun from Plato's myth of the cave shining through the dialogue in which he presents it (a myth that irradiates Iris Murdoch's text); it could also represent the light of Miss Murdoch's attention playing over the palimpsest of texts that make up the Western tradition of metaphysical thought. But for anyone encountering it upon closing the book after a first reading, it may also seem very precisely to crystallize one's initial impression of that text.

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47

Edwards, D. Brent, and Stephanie M. Hall. "Neglected Issues: How Charter Schools Manage Teachers and Acquire Resources." Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 120, no. 10 (October 2018): 1–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811812001005.

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Background/Context Charter schools are commonly discussed as being more effective at matching student and family interests with school mission, ensuring family choice of educational products and improving education quality and the efficiency of resource use as a result of the competitive dynamics they are assumed to generate between themselves and public schools. The rhetoric around charter schools in general puts little attention on teacher management and resource acquisition, and the literature on charter schools has tended to focus on outcomes such as student achievement. The prevalence of charter schools within and outside the United States underscores the need to understand what role such issues as teacher management and resourcing play in this increasingly popular education reform. Focus of Study The purpose of this article is to uncover and present the strategies that charter schools employ for managing teachers and acquiring resources, and with what implications. Research Design Through a qualitative case study of a charter school program in Bogotá, Colombia, that began in 1999, we investigated (a) the regulations that governed the hiring, firing, and compensation of charter school teachers, in addition to (b) how charters respond to those regulations in contracting teachers, and (c) the overall approach of charter principals and the charter management organizations (CMOs) that oversee them when it comes to teacher engagement, collaboration, supervision, and professional development. In terms of resource acquisition, the focus was on understanding (d) the extent of government-provided resources to charter schools, (e) the perceptions of charter principals and CMO directors of the resources provided by the government, (f) the ways in which these actors have sought to complement these resources, and (g) the kinds of additional resources that have been obtained. Data in the form of documents, archives, literature and evaluations, and qualitative interviews were collected over eight months. Conclusions Findings indicate that charter school teachers in Bogotá feel that many aspects of their work environment are positive, though they also report tradeoffs in terms of job security and financial compensation. Charter schools use the flexibility afforded to them around employment to spend half as much on teachers by hiring nonunionized teachers, contracting them for periods of a year or less, assigning teachers to lower compensation categories, and offering significantly lower salaries, despite teachers working over 12 hours more each week than their public school counterparts. Findings with regard to resource acquisition address differences between public and charter schools, perceptions of school leaders, and the routes to resource acquisition used by charter schools, namely budget prioritization, donations, volunteers, partnerships, and alumni networks. Implications for future research are discussed, including the need for studies to distinguish among types of charter schools. The article concludes that, when addressing the costs and benefits of charter schools, we need to ask: Costs in what sense? Benefits for whom? And at whose expense?

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48

Si, Huabin, та Jiwen Zeng. "The Character Correspondences on π-Separable Groups". Algebra Colloquium 19, № 03 (5 липня 2012): 501–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1005386712000363.

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In this paper, we mainly consider the relationship between the complex irreducible characters of a π-separable group and the complex irreducible characters of its Hall π-subgroup. If a π-group S acts on a π-separable group G, let H be an S-invariant Hall π-subgroup of G and CNG(H)/H(S)=1. Then we construct a natural bijection from the set Lin S(H) onto the set Irr π′,S(G). Furthermore, we get a bijection from the linear characters of H onto Irr π′(G).

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49

Rosenberg, M. "Effect of charged dust on Hall current instabilities in the E region." IEEE Transactions on Plasma Science 29, no. 2 (April 2001): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/27.923704.

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50

Yaroshenko, V. V., and H. Lühr. "Reversed Hall effect and plasma conductivity in the presence of charged impurities." Physics of Plasmas 25, no. 1 (January 2018): 010702. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5012691.

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