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Статті в журналах з теми "Circle obstacle"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Ulfa, Nadia, Al Jupri, Darhim, and Kartika. "Analysis of Learning Obstacles of Junior High School Students on The Topic of Circle." Proceeding International Conference on Science and Engineering 3 (April 30, 2020): 599–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.14421/icse.v3.572.

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Geometry is one of the subjects in mathematics school that is important to learn, because through geometry, almost every daily problem can be solved. However, the achievements of Indonesian students in the field of geometry are still relatively low. This study aims to identify the possibility of students' learning obstacles in one area of geometry, which is circle subject. The method used in this study was qualitative research method with survey-based research design, involved 30 eight-grade students from a junior high school in Bandung. The data were collected by triangulation method using an

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2

FarzanehKaloorazi, MohammadHadi, Mehdi Tale Masouleh, and Stéphane Caro. "Collision-free workspace of parallel mechanisms based on an interval analysis approach." Robotica 35, no. 8 (2016): 1747–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263574716000497.

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SUMMARYThis paper proposes an interval-based approach in order to obtain the obstacle-free workspace of parallel mechanisms containing one prismatic actuated joint per limb, which connects the base to the end-effector. This approach is represented through two cases studies, namely a 3-RPR planar parallel mechanism and the so-called 6-DOF Gough–Stewart platform. Three main features of the obstacle-free workspace are taken into account: mechanical stroke of actuators, collision between limbs and obstacles and limb interference. In this paper, a circle(planar case)/spherical(spatial case) shaped

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3

Nopriana, Tri, Cita Dwi Rosita, and Diana Halbi. "Implementation of Didactical Design on Circle Material at Junior High School." Kreano, Jurnal Matematika Kreatif-Inovatif 13, no. 1 (2022): 100–112. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/kreano.v13i1.32620.

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This study aimed to implement a didactic situation design to overcome learning obstacles in the circumference and area of the circle. The method used is qualitative research with Didactical Design Research which goes through the last two stages, namely metapedadidactic analysis and retrospective analysis. The instrument used is a didactic situation design prepared by Rosita, Maharani, Tonah Munfi (2020) and interview guidelines. Based on the implementation results, the didactic situation that has been designed has not been able to overcome students' learning obstacles fully. In addition, a new

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4

Nurfauziah, Puji, Fahril Hakim, and Rippi Maya. "Learning obstacle materi lingkaran ditinjau dari diferensiasi kesiapan belajar." JPMI (Jurnal Pembelajaran Matematika Inovatif) 8, no. 1 (2025): 47–58. https://doi.org/10.22460/jpmi.v8i1.21976.

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Differentiated learning is learning that prioritizes and facilitates student needs according to student characteristics, one of which is learning readiness, which consists of groups ready for challenges, understanding concepts and repeated concepts. From these three groups, it will be analyzed how learning obstacles occur in analyzing the circle concept. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with 15 research subjects. Based on the results of data analysis, it can be concluded that the group of students who understand the concept and repeat the concept experience epistemological obst

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5

Mao, Zhiyun, and Li Mo. "Fixed-wing UAV obstacle avoidance algorithm based on real terrain." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2870, no. 1 (2024): 012008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2870/1/012008.

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Abstract This paper presents an obstacle avoidance algorithm for UAVs based on real terrain constraints. The common obstacle avoidance algorithm often abstracts the obstacle as a sphere or a circle or studies the UAV’s two-dimensional obstacle avoidance on a raster map. With the development of fixed-wing UAVs, UAVs have longer and longer time in the air, longer and longer range, and the low-altitude environment they face is often difficult to simulate with simplified regular shape. Thus, this paper constructs the UAV flight terrain environment using open elevation data and designs an obstacle

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6

Shaker, A. M., N. J. Yasin, H. A. Ameen, and A. S. Abedalh. "Obstacle arrangements effect on the mixed convection in an enclosure with movable top surface." Journal of Applied Research and Technology 22, no. 6 (2024): 806–15. https://doi.org/10.22201/icat.24486736e.2024.22.6.2576.

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The flow finds extensive application in coating, drying, and mixing processes. The temperature and velocity distribution inside a rectangular enclosure that is driven by a lid were examined using a finite volume numerical method. Five adiabatic cylindrical obstacles were mounted within the cage measures 25 cm in width and 30 cm in length. The right and left walls enclosure is each fully insulated, the top wall was cooled isothermally at Tc and moved at variable speed of U, and the bottom wall was kept at Th using water as a working fluid. Three types of an obstacle with equal area were utilize

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7

Rosita, Cita Dwi, Tri Nopriana, and Isna Silvia. "DESIGN OF LEARNING MATERIALS ON CIRCLE BASED ON MATHEMATICAL COMMUNICATION." Infinity Journal 8, no. 1 (2019): 87. http://dx.doi.org/10.22460/infinity.v8i1.p87-98.

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Mathematical communication skills is an important role in mathematics learning. However, the importance of mathematical communication skills has not been fully realized in learning, especially circle material. Design a learning material based on mathematical communication is one way to develop this ability. The preliminary study produced the findings of an epistemological learning obstacle so that students' mathematical communication skills were still in the low category. This study aimed to analyze learning obstacle and designing learning materials based on the material mathematical communica

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8

Maliana, Rahma, and Hafsah Adha Diana. "Analysis of Learning Obstacle on Circle Material at SMPS Nasional Amanah Bangsa." Indo-MathEdu Intellectuals Journal 3, no. 1 (2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.54373/imeij.v3i1.29.

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Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis learning obstacle yang dialami oleh siswa SMPS Nasional Amanah Bangsa pada materi lingkaran. Jenis learning obstacle yang diidentifikasi yaitu epistimological obstacle, ontogenic obstacle, dan didactic obstacle. Metode penelitian yang digunakan kualitatif deskriptif. Sampel penelitian yaitu 3 orang siswa kelas IX yang sudah mempelajari lingkaran dengan kategori kemampuan rendah, sedang, dan tinggi. Sampel penelitian dipilih berdasarkan pengkategorian kemampuan siswa berdasarkan hasil PAS dan rekomendasi guru mata pelajaran. Instrumen penelitian yaitu te

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9

Liao, Yong, Yuxin Wu, Shichang Zhao, and Dan Zhang. "Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Obstacle Avoidance Based Custom Elliptic Domain." Drones 8, no. 8 (2024): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/drones8080397.

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The velocity obstacles (VO) method is widely employed in real-time obstacle avoidance research for UAVs due to its succinct mathematical foundation and rapid, dynamic planning abilities. Traditionally, VO assumes a circle protection domain with a fixed radius, leading to issues such as excessive conservatism of obstacle avoidance areas, longer detour paths, and unnecessary avoidance angles. To overcome these challenges, this paper firstly reviews the fundamentals and pre-existing defects of the VO methodology. Next, we explore a scenario involving UAVs in head-on conflicts and introduce an ell

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10

Jia, Xiaolu, Hao Yue, Xin Tian, and Huanhuan Yin. "Simulation of pedestrian flow with evading and surpassing behavior in a walking passageway." SIMULATION 93, no. 12 (2017): 1013–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549717734633.

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The pedestrian flow with evading and surpassing behavior in a walking passageway is simulated based on a modified social force model in order to explore the influence of this behavior on evacuation efficiency, bottleneck passing capacity, and the macroscopic phenomenon. A pair of conjugated self-driven forces is introduced to enable a pedestrian to avoid a direct collision and keep a normal velocity magnitude while confronting an obstacle. The pedestrian avoiding time is used to define the triggering conditions of evading and surpassing behavior, and has been estimated through practical experi

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11

Kowalczyk, W., M. Michałek, and K. Kozłowski. "Trajectory tracking control with obstacle avoidance capability for unicycle-like mobile robot." Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 60, no. 3 (2012): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10175-012-0066-x.

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Abstract In this paper the trajectory tracking control algorithm with obstacle avoidance capability is presented. As a robot gets into a neighborhood of the obstacle, the collision avoidance behavior is turned on. It is implemented using the artificial potential function (APF) that increases to infinity as the robot approaches a boundary of the obstacle. This feature guarantees collision avoidance. As avoidance behavior is active only in the neighborhood of the obstacle it does not affect the motion when there is no risk of the collision. Authors show that trajectory of the robot converges to

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12

Satria, Deki. "Implementasi User Centered Requirements Engineering dalam Pencarian Kebutuhan Sistem eLearning." Journal of Information System Research (JOSH) 3, no. 4 (2022): 437–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.47065/josh.v3i4.1618.

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Анотація:

Covid 19 pandemic force a lot of educational institution to shift their learning process from direct learning into indirect learning via eLearning. In fact, a lot of obstacle found when implementing effective eLearning system. This research use User Centered Requirement Engineering as methodology to find the system requirement based on the obstacle found. The main obstacles from this research are lack of interaction between the members of the eLearning, boredom and hard to fulfill the user expectations. The functional requirements to tackle this problem circle around the community functionalit

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13

Salsabila, Ellis, and Mimi Nur Hajizah. "Hypothetical Learning Trajectory of Sector Area and Arc Length Using the Clockwork Context." PYTHAGORAS Jurnal Pendidikan Matematika 18, no. 2 (2023): 176–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.21831/pythagoras.v18i2.67027.

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Students' understanding on the concept of a circle especially the relationship between central angle, arc length, and sector area of the circle based on learning obstacle and learning trajectory need to be developed well by creating a good didactic design. Therefore, it is necessary to design hypothetical learning trajectories (HLT) for students in learning sector area and arc length using the clockwork context. The didactical design was developed through three stages, namely: (1) the preliminary design; (2) teaching experiment; and (3) retrospective analysis. This study focused on the first s

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14

Ibrahim, Zahraa, Abdulmuttalib Rashid, and Ali Marhoon. "Prediction-Based Path Planning with Obstacle Avoidance in Dynamic Target Environment." Basrah journal for engineering science 16, no. 2 (2016): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33971/bjes.16.2.5.

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In this paper, a new algorithm for mobile robot navigation and polygonal obstacles avoidance in dynamic target environment is introduced. In the dynamic target path planning theagent (robot) trying to reach a moving target in minimum pathcost. The introduced algorithm which called Prediction-basedpath planning with obstacle avoidance in dynamic target environment planning a path to a moving target by predicting the nexttarget location, then computing a path from the robot current location to the predicted target location representing each visibleobstacle by the smallest circle that enclosing t

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15

Li, Xiaofeng, Junfeng Xiao, Feng Wang, Wei Wang, and Mengqi Hu. "Research on the influence of different obstacle structures on the energy distribution characteristics of pulse detonation gas." Thermal Science, no. 00 (2021): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci201026194l.

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In order to improve the gas energy conversion efficiency at the outlet of the pulse detonation combustor, numerical calculation methods were used to study the influence of three different cross-section obstacle structures of square, circle and trapezoid on the distribution characteristics of gas pressure potential energy, kinetic energy and internal energy in a single cycle at the outlet of pulse detonation combustor. The results show that: the expansion of pulse detonation gas mainly includes three stages: primary expansion, secondary expansion, and over-expansion. Gas pressure potential ener

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16

Cheon, Hong-Seok, and Byung-Kook Kim. "Circle List-Based Obstacle Avoidance for Omni-directional Mobile Robots in Dynamic Environments." Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems 17, no. 12 (2011): 1227–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.5302/j.icros.2011.17.12.1227.

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17

Ворочаева, Людмила, Lyudmila Vorochaeva, Сергей Савин, Sergey Savin, Андрей Яцун, and Andrey Yacun. "SYSTEM DEVELOPMENT FOR DEFINITION OF CONTACT INTERACTION MODE IN LINK OF SLIDING ROBOT WITH OBSTACLE." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2019, no. 8 (2019): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/article_5d6cbe42247be1.64247013.

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The paper is dedicated to the problems of a link motion in a sliding robot on a horizontal surface with obstacles. The motion of a robot link is under consideration in case when one of its bearings located in utmost points is fixed on the surface and the second slips, that is, a link moves on an arc of a circle, at that a robot itself changes its configuration. A distinguishing peculiarity and advantage of this work is that in it there is no consideration of a specific design circuit of a sliding robot with the definite link number and type of swing joints between them, but a link turn on the

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18

A. Issa, Bayadir, Hayder D. Almukhtar, Qabeela Q. Thabit, and Mofeed T. Rashid. "Mobile Robot Navigation with Obstacles Avoidance by Witch of Agnesi Algorithm with Minimum Power." Iraqi Journal for Electrical and Electronic Engineering 21, no. 1 (2025): 199–209. https://doi.org/10.37917/ijeee.21.1.20.

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Obstacle avoidance in mobile robot path planning represents an exciting field of robotics systems. There are numerous algorithms available, each with its own set of features. In this paper a Witch of Agnesi curve algorithm is proposed to prevent a collision by the mobile robot's orientation beyond the obstacles which represents an important problem in path planning, further, to achieve a minimum arrival time by following the shortest path which leads to minimizing power loss. The proposed approach considers the mobile robot's platform equipped with the LIDAR 360o sensor to detect obstacle posi

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19

Wu, Kun-Lin, Ting-Jui Ho, Sean A. Huang, Kuo-Hui Lin, Yueh-Chen Lin, and Jing-Sin Liu. "Path Planning and Replanning for Mobile Robot Navigation on 3D Terrain: An Approach Based on Geodesic." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2016 (2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/2539761.

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In this paper, mobile robot navigation on a 3D terrain with a single obstacle is addressed. The terrain is modelled as a smooth, complete manifold with well-defined tangent planes and the hazardous region is modelled as an enclosing circle with a hazard grade tuned radius representing the obstacle projected onto the terrain to allow efficient path-obstacle intersection checking. To resolve the intersections along the initial geodesic, by resorting to the geodesic ideas from differential geometry on surfaces and manifolds, we present a geodesic-based planning and replanning algorithm as a new m

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20

Park, Seunghwan, and Gon-Woo Kim. "Expanded Guide Circle-based Obstacle Avoidance for the Remotely Operated Mobile Robot." Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology 9, no. 3 (2014): 1034–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5370/jeet.2014.9.3.1034.

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21

Khaled, Nassim, and Rami Alkhatib. "Novel Formulation for Line of Sight Guidance and Obstacle Avoidance for Under-actuated Ships." WSEAS TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS 20 (March 16, 2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.37394/23201.2021.20.1.

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Automatic control of under-actuated ships is a challenging task due to the external factors and limited actuators onboard a ship. It is even more so when the controller needs to seamlessly integrate with a guidance system and obstacle avoidance for the purpose of autonimity. In this paper, line of sight guidance system for marine surface vessels is augmented to include obstacle avoidance. The process of directing the ship movement to avoid a stationary and moving obstacles is tackled by introducing an iterative mathematical formulation for the circle of avoidance algorithm. Unlike learning bas

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22

Kuo, Pei-Li, Chung-Hsun Wang, Han-Jung Chou, and Jing-Sin Liu. "A Real-Time Hydrodynamic-Based Obstacle Avoidance System for Non-holonomic Mobile Robots with Curvature Constraints." Applied Sciences 8, no. 11 (2018): 2144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8112144.

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The harmonic potential field of an incompressible nonviscous fluid governed by the Laplace’s Equation has shown its potential for being beneficial to autonomous unmanned vehicles to generate smooth, natural-looking, and predictable paths for obstacle avoidance. The streamlines generated by the boundary value problem of the Laplace’s Equation have explicit, easily computable, or analytic vector fields as the path tangent or robot heading specification without the waypoints and higher order path characteristics. We implemented an obstacle avoidance approach with a focus on curvature constraint f

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23

Jurecki, Rafał S., and Tomasz L. Stańczyk. "Modelling Driver’s Behaviour While Avoiding Obstacles." Applied Sciences 13, no. 1 (2023): 616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app13010616.

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This article presents a short description of mathematical driver models. In the literature, there are no models that are generally considered fully satisfactory for use in analysing drivers’ behaviour in emergencies. This paper presents a concept of model, which includes two sub-models related to the driver’s defensive manoeuvres—avoiding the obstacle and braking. This article describes a model used for a simple road situation—a single obstacle (pedestrian) appearing on the road in front of the vehicle. In the model, the method of artificial potential fields was used, but it was enriched with

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24

Sun, Zhiyuan, Hanbing Sun, Ping Li, and Jin Zou. "Self-Organizing Cooperative Pursuit Strategy for Multi-USV with Dynamic Obstacle Ships." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 5 (2022): 562. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10050562.

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A self-organizing cooperation strategy for multiple unmanned surface vessels (USVs) to pursue intelligent evaders in the case of a dynamic obstacle vessel is proposed. Firstly, a self-organizing cooperative hunting strategy is proposed to form an Apollonius circle. According to the escape strategies of evaders under different encirclement states, the pursuers are divided into pursuit group and ambush group. The pursuit group drives the evaders into the ambush area and completes the encirclement together with the ambush group. In order to better deal with the dynamic obstacle ships encountered

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25

Brown, S. N., and H. K. Cheng. "The response of a stratified rapidly rotating flow to a pulsating topography." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 177 (April 1987): 359–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112087000995.

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A theoretical study is made of the disturbance produced by an oscillating, shallow topographical feature in horizontal relative motion in a rapidly rotating, linearly stratified, unbounded fluid. For a sinusoidal surface oscillation, an explicit solution is obtained in terms of wavenumber spectra of the topography. The oscillating far-field behaviour is shown to consist of a large-scale, cyclonic component above the topography and a system of inertial waves behind the caustics, which spreads predominantly in the downstream direction. A significant property of the flow field is its dependence o

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26

Shim, Young-Bo, and Gon-Woo Kim. "Real-time Obstacle Avoidance of Non-holonomic Mobile Robots Using Expanded Guide Circle Method." Journal of Korea Robotics Society 12, no. 1 (2017): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.7746/jkros.2017.12.1.086.

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27

Gao, Song, Rui Song, and Yibin Li. "Coordinated Control of Multiple Euler–Lagrange Systems for Escorting Missions with Obstacle Avoidance." Applied Sciences 9, no. 19 (2019): 4144. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9194144.

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This study investigates the coordinated control problem of Euler–Lagrange systems with model uncertainties in environments containing obstacles when escorting a target. Using an outer–inner loop control structure, a null-space-based behavioral (NSB) control architecture was proposed in the outer loop considering obstacles. This architecture generates the desired velocity for the inner loop. The adaptive proportional derivative sliding mode control (APD-SMC) law was applied to the inner loop to ensure fast convergence and robustness. All the robots were distributed around the target evenly and

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28

Rymarczyk, Tomasz, and Jan Sikora. "IDENTIFICATION OF AN ARBITRARY SHAPE RIGID OBSTACLE ILLUMINATED BY FLAT ACOUSTIC WAVE USING NEAR FIELD DATA." Informatyka, Automatyka, Pomiary w Gospodarce i Ochronie Środowiska 14, no. 4 (2024): 5–9. https://doi.org/10.35784/iapgos.6645.

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The inverse problem concerning the identification of rigid surfaces of scattering objects formulated in the frequency domain is presented in this paper. Differences in the identification of concave objects, such as kite-shaped, and convex objects (circle) are indicated. The reader’s attention is focused on the conventional boundary element method with small number of boundary elements and the small number of sensors, which is significant for inverse problems.

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29

Woller, David, Masoumeh Mansouri, and Miroslav Kulich. "Making a Complete Mess and Getting Away With It: Traveling Salesperson Problems With Circle Placement Variants." IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters 9, no. 10 (2024): 8555–62. https://doi.org/10.1109/LRA.2024.3445817.

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This letter explores a variation of the Traveling Salesperson Problem, where the agent places a circular obstacle next to each node once it visits it. Referred to as the Traveling Salesperson Problem with Circle Placement (TSP-CP), the aim is to maximize the obstacle radius for which a valid closed tour exists and then minimize the tour cost. The TSP-CP finds relevance in various real-world applications, such as harvesting, quarrying, and open-pit mining. We propose several novel solvers to address the TSP-CP, its variant tailored for Dubins vehicles, and a crucial subproblem known as the Trav

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30

Zhu, Weiliang, Zhaojun Pang, Jiyue Si, and Zhonghua Du. "Collision response and obstacle avoidance of the tethered-space net robot system with non-target objects." Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology 94, no. 5 (2022): 715–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeat-07-2021-0208.

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Purpose This paper aims to study the encounter issues of the Tethered-Space Net Robot System (TSNRS) with non-target objects on orbit during the maneuver, including the collision issues with small space debris and the obstacle avoidance from large obstacles. Design/methodology/approach For the collision of TSNRS with small debris, the available collision model of the tethered net and its limitation is discussed, and the collision detection method is improved. Then the dynamic response of TSNRS is studied and a closed-loop controller is designed. For the obstacle avoidance, the variable envelop

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31

Wei, Yanhui, Zhi Zheng, Qiangqiang Li, and Jialin He. "A trajectory planning method for the redundant manipulator based on configuration plane." International Journal of Advanced Robotic Systems 18, no. 6 (2021): 172988142110585. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17298814211058558.

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This study focuses on the method of trajectory planning of spatial obstacle avoidance for redundant manipulators based on configuration plane method. Firstly, according to the summary of the work configuration for redundant manipulator, kinematics analysis method based on configuration plane is proposed, which helps to establish a basic kinematics model of configuration plane. Secondly, the analysis of velocity is conducted and velocity iterative formula is derived. Then, the process of the trajectory planning for redundant manipulator based on the velocity distribution of configuration plane

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32

Ismael, Omar Y., Mohammed Almaged, and Abdulla Ibrahim Abdulla. "Nonlinear Model Predictive Control-based Collision Avoidance for Mobile Robot." Journal of Robotics and Control (JRC) 5, no. 1 (2024): 142–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jrc.v5i1.20615.

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This work proposes an efficient and safe single-layer Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) system based on LiDAR to solve the problem of autonomous navigation in cluttered environments with previously unidentified static and dynamic obstacles of any shape. Initially, LiDAR sensor data is collected. Then, the Density-Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise (DBSCAN) algorithm, is used to cluster the (Lidar) points that belong to each obstacle together. Moreover, a Minimum Euclidean Distance (MED) between the robot and each obstacle with the aid of a safety margin is utilized to

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33

Firdaus, Ahamad Zaidi Ahmad, Ng Shao Liang, Mohd Bin Sulaiman Hafis, Mohd Jamir Mohd Ridzuan, and Nur Hidayah Ahmad Zaidi. "Design and Development of Tracking System for Mines Detector Robot." Key Engineering Materials 594-595 (December 2013): 919–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.594-595.919.

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This paper presents the design and development of tracking system for the mines detector robot. The scope for the tracking system covers two important tasks: 1. Design of optimum tracking path to cover maximum scanning area of an enclosed field, and 2. Obstacles avoidance system to be able avoid the various types of obstacles during the scanning process. The tracking algorithms were designed and simulated using Webots simulation software. Upon successful simulation where all design objectives have been achieved, the algorithms were programmed in microcontroller to implement the tracking system

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34

Kudris, I. V. "Echocardiographic findings in pulmonary immaturity in premature infants." Kazan medical journal 82, no. 6 (2001): 455. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kazmj84428.

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The main cause of morbidity in preterm and premature infants remains pulmonary pathology. Among the features of the bronchopulmonary structures of premature and immature preterm infants is a lag in the development of the arterial network from the venous one. Small and medium arteries have narrow lumen and thick muscle mass. When the lungs are unfolded, an obstacle is created for rapid blood flow in the small circle of circulation, which results in delayed unfolding of the alveoli.

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35

Chang, Kai, Dailiang Ma, Xingbin Han, Ning Liu, and Pengpeng Zhao. "Lyapunov vector-based formation tracking control for unmanned aerial vehicles with obstacle/collision avoidance." Transactions of the Institute of Measurement and Control 42, no. 5 (2019): 942–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0142331219879338.

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This paper presents a formation control method to solve the moving target tracking problem for a swarm of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). The formation is achieved by the artificial potential field with both attractive and repulsive forces, and each UAV in the swarm will be driven into a leader-centered spherical surface. The leader is controlled by the attractive force by the moving target, while the Lyapunov vectors drive the leader UAV to a fly-around circle of the target. Furthermore, the rotational vector-based potential field is applied to achieve the obstacle avoidance of UAVs with smo

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36

Diana, N., D. Suryadi, and Dahlan. "Students’ creative thinking skills on the circle subject in terms of learning obstacle and learning trajectory." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1521 (April 2020): 032084. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1521/3/032084.

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37

Wang, Xiao, Zhaohui Yang, Xueqian Bai, Mingjiang Ji, Hao Li, and Dechao Ran. "A Consistent Round-Up Strategy Based on PPO Path Optimization for the Leader–Follower Tracking Problem." Sensors 23, no. 21 (2023): 8814. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23218814.

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Single UAVs have limited capabilities for complex missions, so suitable solutions are needed to improve the mission success rate, as well as the UAVs’ survivability. A cooperative multi-UAV formation offers great advantages in this regard; however, for large and complex systems, the traditional control methods will be invalid when faced with unstable and changing environments. To deal with the poor self-adaptability and high requirements for the environmental state information of traditional control methods for a multi-UAV cluster, this paper proposes a consistent round-up strategy based on PP

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38

ZHANG, Yang, Yu-lu CHEN, Xing-ping WANG, Jie GONG, Meng-rong JI, and Jing-jing ZHAO. "Level measurement and influencing factors of the obstacle to factor flow in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle." JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES 39, no. 4 (2024): 897. http://dx.doi.org/10.31497/zrzyxb.20240409.

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39

Chen, Yongjun, Shuquan Shi, Zong Chen, Tengfei Wang, Longkun Miao, and Huiting Song. "Optimizing Port Multi-AGV Trajectory Planning through Priority Coordination: Enhancing Efficiency and Safety." Axioms 12, no. 9 (2023): 900. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/axioms12090900.

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Efficient logistics and transport at the port heavily relies on efficient AGV scheduling and planning for container transshipment. This paper presents a comprehensive approach to address the challenges in AGV path planning and coordination within the domain of intelligent transportation systems. We propose an enhanced graph search method for constructing the global path of a single AGV that mitigates the issues associated with paths closely aligned with obstacle corner points. Moreover, a centralized global planning module is developed to facilitate planning and scheduling. Each individual AGV

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40

Barsony-Nagy, A., J. Er-El, and S. Yungster. "Compressible flow past a contour and stationary vortices." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 178 (May 1987): 367–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112087001265.

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The Rayleigh-Janzen expansion method is extended to plane and steady flows which contain one or more point vortices interacting with a smooth or sharp-edged obstacle. A uniformly valid approximate solution of the compressible-flow equations is deduced by applying a perturbation method and by using matched asymptotic expansions to solve the resulting singular perturbation problem. The method yields compressibility corrections for the vortex positions and for the velocities. Results are presented for the flow past a circle and a pair of symmetric vortices (Föppl's flow). They show that the compr

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41

Ali Leman, Zulkarnain, Mohd Hatta Mohammad Ariff, Hairi Zamzuri, et al. "ADAPTIVE MODEL PREDICTIVE CONTROLLER FOR TRAJECTORY TRACKING AND OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE ON AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE." Jurnal Teknologi 84, no. 4 (2022): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.11113/jurnalteknologi.v84.13778.

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Advancement in active steering technology is vital as the autonomous vehicle technology is preparing to enter the commercialization phase. Accurate trajectory tracking and collision free motion have become an active topic being discussed in research field recently. During an emergency obstacle avoidance manoeuvre conditions, tyre force saturation can easily happened when availability of lateral tyre forces is limited by the law of tyre friction circle. This greatly affects the trajectory tracking performance of the vehicle. Existing controllers such as generic model predictive controller (MPC)

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42

Fan, Xiaoya, Zejiong Zhou, Shini Sun, Ziyan Kong, and Fengjie Wang. "Research on the Exemption System of Personal Bankruptcy Residual Debt in China from the Perspective of Socialist Culture of Rule of Law." International Journal of Education and Humanities 5, no. 3 (2022): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/ijeh.v5i3.2442.

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With the development of commodity economy, loan consumption is becoming more and more common. Under this consumption mode, debtors are very likely to fall into the vicious circle of insolvency, which is a great obstacle to the development of individuals and society. The emergence of personal bankruptcy system has helped debtors get rid of debt difficulties and promoted a new cycle of social economy. The establishment of personal bankruptcy system is a correct way to conform to the historical trend. In the face of the vacancy of China's long-term personal bankruptcy system, this topic explores

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43

Farah, R. N., N. Irwan, Raja Lailatul Zuraida, Amira Shahirah, and Mohd Hanafi Omar. "Modified Virtual Semi-Circle Approach for a Reactive Collision Avoidance of a Mobile Robot in an Outdoor Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 679 (October 2014): 171–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.679.171.

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There are numerous numbers of methods that have been introduced to the Unmanned Ground Vehicle (UGV) to find its optimal path. The purpose of this paper is to navigate a cost effective UGV known as MG-TruckS with optimal path planning in an outdoor environment. A Modified Virtual Semi Circle approach is proposed based on situated-activity paradigm. This approach is divided into two phase to compute a free collision path planning; detection and avoidance phase. Implementation of five ultrasonic range finder sensors with a very small blind zone created on purpose and the formation of three layer

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44

Liu, Hao, Gaojie Lu, Kui Luo, and Huiming Zong. "Measurement and Spatio–Temporal Pattern Evolution of Urban–Rural Integration Development in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle." Land 13, no. 7 (2024): 942. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/land13070942.

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This paper focuses on the level of urban–rural integration development and its spatio–temporal evolution patterns in the Chengdu-Chongqing Economic Circle. It constructs an evaluation indicator system encompassing five dimensions: population, economy, society, ecology, and space. By comprehensively using statistical data and multi-source spatio–temporal data and employing methods such as the entropy method, ESDA, obstacle degree model, and various statistical techniques, the study measures and analyzes the level of urban–rural integration development at three time points: 2010, 2015, and 2020.

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45

Ma, Yanhui, and Zamira Madina. "A 5G Multimedia Network-Based Analysis of an Intelligent Physical Education Teaching Method." Mobile Information Systems 2022 (September 12, 2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/1209782.

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This paper examines the delivery of intelligent physical education using a 5G multimedia network. The pupils in four classes have improved significantly in their abilities to “cross,” “drill,” “climb,” and “circle” in the obstacle course once the course is complete after studying the situational teaching approach. The average favorable rate for class 1 is 58.23%, while for class 2 it is 53.83% when the time index is 50. Class 4 has a 57.14 percent average favorable rate, while the average favorable rates for the other three classes are nearly identical. As can be seen, the majority of pupils h

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46

RAZAFIARISON, Aina Andrianavalona. "The Malagasy Poverty/Disarticulation Circular Causality: What Breaking Point?" Cahiers du cedimes 19, SI (2024): 292–304. https://doi.org/10.69611/cahiers19-hs-21.

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The aspects of poverty are multidimensional and reasoning by income level is only one facet of an eminently complex problem. The Malagasy economic and social disarticulation is intimately linked to this poverty and does not make it possible to propose an unequivocal and peremptory solution or outcome to the problem. The institutional approach, a consideration over time and therefore historical, far from claiming to be a panacea can be a great help, by resorting to the concept of circular causality of Thorstein Veblen and the complex thought of Edgar Morin. It is ultimately a question of appreh

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47

Razik, Benderradji, Brahimi Meryem, Khalfallah Fares, and Raouache Elhadj. "Impact of cold block shapes on heat transfer and mixed convection in a ventilated square cavity with Ag/water nanofluid." STUDIES IN ENGINEERING AND EXACT SCIENCES 5, no. 2 (2024): e8532. http://dx.doi.org/10.54021/seesv5n2-280.

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This study investigates mixed convection in a ventilated square cavity filled with an Ag/water nanofluid, containing central cold blocks of various shapes (square, circle, triangle, and ellipse). The goal is to understand the impact of nanoparticle concentration and the geometric shapes of the blocks on heat transfer. In the cavity, the inlet is located in the upper left corner, while the outlet is positioned in the lower right corner. Mixed convection is induced by cooling at the inlet of the ventilated cavity and uniform heating of its lower wall. The equations governing the flow of an incom

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48

Wallacher, E., and A. K. Louis. "Complete Sets of Radiating and Nonradiating Parts of a Source and Their Fields with Applications in Inverse Scattering Limited-Angle Problems." International Journal of Biomedical Imaging 2006 (2006): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/ijbi/2006/93074.

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Many algorithms applied in inverse scattering problems use source-field systems instead of the direct computation of the unknown scatterer. It is well known that the resulting source problem does not have a unique solution, since certain parts of the source totally vanish outside of the reconstruction area. This paper provides for the two-dimensional case special sets of functions, which include all radiating and all nonradiating parts of the source. These sets are used to solve an acoustic inverse problem in two steps. The problem under discussion consists of determining an inhomogeneous obst

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Aeunah, Een, Abdul Aziz, Caecilia Jilia Joe, and Cut Dihe Zayhaqqi Ali. "ANALYSIS OF STUDENTS' DIFFICULTIES IN LEARNING MATHEMATICS OF CIRCLE GEOMETRY IN FOURTH GRADE ELEMENTARY SCHOOL." ROMEO REVIEW OF MULTIDISCIPLINARY EDUCATION CULTURE AND PEDAGOGY 2, no. 3 (2023): 155–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.55047/romeo.v2i3.751.

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The present study endeavors to comprehensively examine the obstacles faced by elementary school students when attempting to grasp fundamental mathematical concepts pertaining to circles. Specifically focusing on Grade 4 students at SDN Cipondoh 2, Tangerang City. The primary objective is to shed light on the difficulties encountered by students in three core areas: calculating circle area and circumference, understanding the complex concept of π (pi), and accurately sketching circles utilizing a compass. Various tools are employed to scrutinize the obstacles students encounter, including tasks

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Liu, Feng, Wei Xu, Zhiwen Feng, et al. "Task Allocation and Path Planning Method for Unmanned Underwater Vehicles." Drones 9, no. 6 (2025): 411. https://doi.org/10.3390/drones9060411.

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Cooperative operations of Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) have extensive applications in fields such as marine exploration, ecological observation, and subsea security. Path planning, as a key technology for UUV autonomous navigation, is crucial for enhancing the adaptability and mission execution efficiency of UUVs in complicated marine environments. However, existing methods still have significant room for improvement in handling obstacles, multi-task coordination, and other complex problems. In order to overcome these issues, we put forward a task allocation and path planning method for

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