Дисертації з теми "Commerce extérieur – Droit – Russie"
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Salnikova, Asya. "L'accession de la Russie à l'OMC : un état entre multilatéralisme et régionalisme." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012STRAA014.
Russia is looking today for multilateral, regional and bilateral partnerships in order to develop trade exchanges and strengthen links with other States as well as with international organisations. The process of accession to the WTO is completed after 18 years of negotiations, Russia became a member of this organisation on 22 August 2012. This thesis is focused on the legal framework for the trade strategy of Russie with two orientations : multilateral issue represented by the WTO and a regional one. Regarding the adaptation of Russian economics and law to the accession of the State to the WTO, the study is limited to the examination of the law regulating trade exchanges in agriculture, a very sensitive dossier during the negotiations. Concerning the regional economic cooperation, only legal framework of interactions with the most important partners are presented. The former Soviet republics, the EU, China and the US are the main partners of Russia, and their relations with this State are pluridimensional, trade being only one of the aspects. Thus, the attention given by the Russian government to the development of these partnerships demonstrates its intention to deepen economic cooperation at regional level at the same time as integrating the multilateral trading system
Shen, Ruei Weng. "La relation économique sino-russe après la désoviétisation." Paris 8, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA082856.
The research into the causes of the increase in the Sino-Russian economical relation after the dislocation of Soviet Union is subject of the dissertation. The Sino-Russian relation was initiated by the conclusion of the Niechinsk treaty of 1689, date more than three hundred years. The Sino-Russian economical relation after the end of Soviet Union is since 1992. China is third partner for Russian export, fourth country in Russian import. Chinese economy depends on processing-trade. Russia is energetic exporter, being considered an economic power in the future years by Goldman Sache. China is a world manufacture by its cheaper labor. Russian economical boom is since 2000. This dissertation discusses the historical development of trade Sino-Russian since 1992, the foreign trade of China and Russia, Chinese and Russian join WTO and the policy of the foreign trade of China and Russia, the Sino-Russian trade in North-Eastern Asia economic zone
Nasri, Yahya. "Les accords de commerce sud-sud." Paris 5, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA05D001.
Do the south-south trade treaties establish an international trade law inherent to the third wold or no?. After analysis of the concerned conventions, we have noticed that the south hasn't succeed yet to elaborate its own law, as it was required in the previous decades. The south has adhered to the rules of the multilateral trade system and has strengthened them. However, it makes a considerable effort in order to adapt these rules to its economic position. Thus, specific rules have appeared, but which only affect marginal and no fundamental subjects
Taverne, Philippe. "Les régions économiques spéciales chinoises à l'épreuve du droit OMC." Aix-Marseille 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX32011.
Confrontation of WTO free trade rules with interventionist policies implemented within the Chinese special economic areas not only shows compliance issues and control issues of the regions and their special regimes in the field of economic law but also the boundaries of WTO rules which scope is rather delimited. If liberal measures are in line with the purpose of WTO, they shall however comply with its rules, in particular national treatment and most favoured nation treatment. At the same time, the various incentives in force such as income tax concessions for foreign invested enterprises are actually subsidies within the meaning of WTO rules but they are scarcely prohibited. Nevertheless, WTO rules entitle Members of the Organization to apply countervailing measures which may finally play down the benefits of such policies for enterprises that are export oriented
Gelin, Evelyne. "Le droit du commerce international en URSS et en Yougoslavie lors de la transition de 1991 : étude comparée." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994IEPP0041.
The URSS and Yugoslavia have altered their international trade law almost at the same time. Studying the transition of 1991 allows us to imagine what their foreign trade will be like in the future. The new system should be based on a new doctrine. In these two countries the motivations are roughly the same : economic interests appear to prevail over political goals. This can be seen in the structures of their international commerce themselves. As Yugoslavia after 1948, the URSS was led by economic motivations when it applied for admittance to the IMF or the GATT and ratified the Vienna convention. Thus there are risks of losing its independence. Numerous new rules were passed. Above all, the reforms consisted in allowing various categories of operators to have foreign trade activities. State monopoly was suppressed and its power of control was reduced. On this point also, Yugoslavia had undergone the same reforms far before the soviet union. We shall notice however that the international contract law did not need much change. It was quite similar in these two states and mostly in conformity with the Vienna convention stipulations. The Soviet union seems to have reproduced the Yugoslavian experience but it doesn't mean it has followed its pattern
Artigas, Alvaro. "Intérêts économiques et institutionnalisation du commerce extérieur : une comparaison Russie Brésil du rôle des groupes d’intérêts industriels sidérurgiques et textiles." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012IEPP0004.
This dissertation analyzes the transformations of public action in terms of foreign trade in two emerging countries, Brazil and Russia, since the beginning of the transition to democracy and market economy in 1990 and until the year 2006. By doing so, the analysis gives a central place in the representation of interests, and changing preferences of industry players during the period. Two fundamental questions guide this research: the evolution of a participating policy reforms promoted by free-market regulation of world trade, the genesis and development of foreign trade policies during the period, to explain the effects related to the introduction and institutionalization of a series of new policy instruments within the scope of this policy. This dissertation presents three results: from an analytical perspective the necessity to combine an analysis determined the change (continuity vs. Break), with an analysis that allows to account for basic nuances and complexity of the reconstruction process at work; from an empirical perspective, the dissertation shows the emergence and consolidation of an autonomous public sector in action in each of these states. Finally, this dissertation stresses the importance for emerging countries of new forms of public action that reflect local rules of world trade. These transformations are characterized by a gradual de-politicization of decision-making as much as by a changing role of institutions in charge of trade policy, where the ability to steer social interaction takes precedence over other modes of regulation
Luff, David. "Le droit de l'Organisation Mondiale du Commerce: analyse critique :la prise en compte par le système de l'Organisation Mondiale du Commerce d'objectifs de nature non-commerciale." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211323.
Garanina, Olga. "L'insertion économique internationale de la Russie actuelle : une approche d'économie politique internationale." Phd thesis, Grenoble 2, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00273023.
Ngambi, Joseph. "La preuve dans le règlement des différends de l'Organisation Mondiale du Commerce." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010288.
Debezy, Anne-Laure. "Le contrôle des exportations des biens et technologies à double usage dans le secteur aéronautique et spatial." Toulouse 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2010TOU10002.
For peace and international security reasons, high technology supplier states are developing through the Wassenaar Arrangement a system of export controls for dual use (military and civil) goods and technologies, the principles of which are to be followed at a national level. The analysis of the regulations of the European Union and the United States shows the impact of these controls on security and trade. Since their creation, these systems have been balancing between the preservation of state interests and the protection of trade interests. Export controls are regarded as a constraint by world companies because they are an obstacle to free trade. Faced with increasing international competition, exporters want their exchanges to be simplified by the means of a reduction of the measures of control, and through the implementation of a certification of recipient companies of dual use products. However, this attempt to give responsabilities to companies may go against the security target of export controls, because it is likely to involve a loss of responsability in these states' areas. Thus, this study will examine the direction that export controls will take : althrough free trade seems to have been favoured until now, the new international financial and economic context may involve a new deal. As free-market principles seem to give way to more protectionist considerations, States are bound to invest more in the export controls of dual use goods, and use this formidable tool in order to boost their economy
Velilla, Philippe. "Les relations entre l'Union européenne et Israël : droit communautaire et droit des échanges internationaux : le cas du commerce agricole." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010312.
Antonova-Michiels, Véronika. "Le régime juridique des investissements étrangers dans le secteur pétrolier en Russie." Dijon, 2004. https://nuxeo.u-bourgogne.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/216c3d2c-f773-442a-bea4-6737ade9aec4.
In the present international circumstances, Russia is becoming more and more interesting country for foreign investors with her huge reserves of natural resources. Today there are a lot of possibilities for foreigners there. They have a choice between the negociation of production sharing agreement (PSA) with the State, or the foundation of companies with the Russian company that already has a licence. It seems that this solution is increasingly common : the Russian authorities are really reserved to give up the exploitation rights of their richness to investors by means of a production sharing agreement. In addition, the introduction of new amendments to the PSA Law in 2003 means in a way the death for production sharing agreement, et the logical result for licences to become the exclusive form of the mining rights acquisition in Russia
Rahal, Ahmed. "La contribution de l'Algérie au dialogue Sud-Sud." Nice, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NICE0011.
Nikonova, Maria. "L'interprétation du droit uniforme du commerce international en Russie : l'exemple de la Convention de Vienne sur les contrats de vente internationale de marchandises." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0020.
The international trade operations need legal certainty. The uniform substantive law comes as a response to this need, providing parties with uniform legal basis adapted to international transactions. However, the effectiveness of this response will largely depend on how the uniform law is implemented by domestic courts and arbitral tribunals. The objective of this study is to provide a critical analysis of the practice of interpretation of uniform legal texts in Russia by taking as an example the uniform law of the international sale of goods created by the Vienna Convention of 1980. This analysis reveals that the particular characteristics of the Russian legal and judicial systems have significant implications on the interpretation of uniform substantive law. The integration of international conventions in the Russian legal system is supposed to ensure their implementation by state judges, but it can also create confusion between the rules of uniform law and those of domestic law. This confusion brings Russian judges to interpretation of the uniform law on the basis of their national law, thus threatening the goal of international uniformity in interpretation of the uniform substantive law. Since there is no existing transnational precedent rule, the uniform interpretation of international substantive rules can only be achieved by co-operation and discussion between different national courts and arbitral tribunals [...]
Hadj, Mbarek Haroun. "La dématérialisation des opérations de crédits documentaires internationaux." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/18504.
Moraga, Sariego Pilar. "Le développement durable et le commerce international : les perspectives offertes par le bilatéralisme dans le cadre des accords conclus par le Chili." Lille 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005LIL20007.
With the emergence of sustainable development and the link that this concept establishes between environment and commerce, it appears perfectly legitimate to ask oneself how this paradigm is integrated within the Marrakech Accords, charged with setting a minimum normative limit. Since the renewal of bilateralism, pursued due to the failure of the fifth ministerial meeting of Cancun (2003), the question as to haw sustainable development will be integrated into bilateral trade agreements is also raised. Insofar as these agreements were signed mostly between industrializes countries, most notably the United States and European Union, and developing nations, it seems relevant to focus the analysis on the bilateral commercial agreements signed by these great economic powers with Chile. This country finds itself, in effect, at the crossroads of American and European commercial strategies, both of which are markef by the concept not only at the level of bilateral trades, but also internally, as evidenced by the modifications introduced to Chilean legislation relative to fishing and industrial property. Indeed, it is a contradictory process that constantly tests the true definition of sustainable development
Bartenstein, Kristin. "L'antagonisme «commerce et environnement» ou le principe de développement durable comme fil conducteur pour la réconciliation des intérêts commerciaux et environnementaux sous l'article XX du GATT." Thesis, Université Laval, 2007. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2007/24190/24190.pdf.
Otašević, Ivana. "L'émergence d'une norme non écrite en matière de protection de la diversité culturelle en droit international." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31147.
Ferry, Claude. "La validité des contrats en droit international privé : France - U.S.A." Montpellier 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON10018.
About thirty years ago, a so-called crisis of the conflict of laws appeared. This concept expresses, on one hand, the apparition of "rattaching rules of material character" and of material rules of international private law, on the other hand, the development of a new method of conflict, called "functionnalism" by the american scholars, which is revealed in France by the multiplication of "lois de police" and by the taking into account of foreign "lois de police" in a way not related to the rattaching rules. The hereby thesis is aimed at studying, from a comparative and historical point of view, the phenomenon of the crisis of the conflict of laws in the litigation relating to problems of law applicable raising in contracts validity issues. The comparison of french law with american international private law shows that, although prima facie very different, the two systems of laws provide for similar solutions
Mercadier-Franscisi, Marie-Françoise. "La Communauté européenne et les instruments juridiques du commerce international : contribution à l'étude du droit communautaire des exportations." Toulouse 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998TOU10080.
Article 113 of the treaty on European Union provides that the common commercial policy shall be based on uniform principles, particularly in regard to. . . Export policy. . . . The terseness of this provision obscures the determination of the instruments relevant to the European Union’s export policy. These difficulties are further highlighted by the fact that though the union has the benefit of an exclusive competence in this field the principles governing export policy are linked to the notion of a common commercial policy. Whilst the work of the European court of justice towards an ever increasing integration of the union's commercial policy has been considerable, that policy remains largely theoretical as a result of the member states' resistance to further integration. Thus the study of the European Union’s various regulatory instruments governing export policy reveals the national character of most of these provisions. This dysfunction in the logic of integration of the European Union might however be overcome by taking into account the interaction between the European union's export policy and that of the internal market on the one hand and on the other the interaction between the European Union's export policy and the international commercial system as a whole. It is therefore a question of replacing a sectorial approach with a global one based on validifying the community's judicial system and its relations with the international commercial system as a whole
Stefano, Sarah. "Le retour de l’État en droit international des investissements." Thesis, Paris 10, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA100055.
This work is exclusively focused on the economic impact of international investment law. It is shown here that only a positive economic impact can legitimize the existence and use of this normative framework
Chibane, Lilia. "Importations parallèles et protection des marques aux Etats-Unis." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUED004.
IP rights are challenged assets faced with offenses such as parasitism and piracy. This far-reaching issue dealt differently according to countries. For instance, in the US, registered trademarks can be endangered both by counterfeiting and through parallel imports of genuine-but-foreign-manufactured goods. This thesis, revolving around US brands enforcement against such imports, aims at presenting and explaining this American concept of parallel imports legacy. It encompasses trademark law which is the main means of finding avenues in order to solve relating issues. It also explores the possible applicability of solutions found in other American laws, such as US Copyright and Customs Laws. At last, this country's commitment on regional and international scenes, through its signing, for instance, of two major Agreements, i. E. NAFTA and TRIPS, is examined in the field of trademark protection
Robert, Eric. "Analyse de la conciliation par l'OMC des règles du commerce international et des normes et politiques environnementales." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/212044.
Jouanjean, Marie-Agnès. "Market access and food standards : insights from the implementation of US sanitary and phytosanitary regulation." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2012. http://spire.sciences-po.fr/hdl:/2441/7o52iohb7k6srk09n20k7c4r6.
This PhD thesis contributes to this debate over standards as barriers or catalysts to trade and provides evidence of the impact of standards on developing countries’ capacity to gain and sustain markets access in food produce. Because of the complex and very much heterogeneous nature of NTMs, various methodologies have been developed. The analysis in this PhD adopts a direct approach to the measurement of food related standards using two unique data sets. By disentangling productivity from quality sorting in horticultural exports, the first paper investigates the impact of food safety standards and consumers’ preference for quality on developing countries’ capacity to export high care and differentiated agricultural products (HCAs). Using an extended version of the previous dataset, the second paper shows that reputation is an important factor in the enforcement of sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures. The third paper analyzes the ins and outs of U. S. Phytosanitary regulation. The empirical analysis shows that the regulatory framework of phytosanitary regulation is captured by interest groups. Moreover, controlling for other factors, the analysis shows that lower-middle income and low income countries are respectively less likely to have access to U. S. Domestic market and less likely to take advantage of open trade lines
Amlon, Guy. "Le contrôle des changes en France et à l'étranger : aspects principaux et incidences sur les contrats internationaux." Rouen, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989ROUEL080.
Laws on financial relations with foreign countries, generally called "exchange control" hinder the free movement of capital, and sometimes even that of persons, goods and sales. Their objects and technical means are many and vary according to countries. After making a list of these, this work presents the different juridical problems posed. Indeed, exchange control regulations affect the validity and performance of international contracts, the recovery of international debts and persons liability. These problems will not be considered as definitively dealt with by a future complete freedom of exchange in the common market, for many countries are keeping their exchange control regulations or can reinstate them in the event of economic difficulties
Desbordes, Frédéric. "Les importations parallèles de spécialités pharmaceutiques dans la Communauté économique européenne." Bordeaux 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR2P047.
Sorgho, Zakaria. "Protection des dénominations géographiques dans l'Union Européenne : effectivité et analyse des effets sur le commerce." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/25444.
The protection of geographical indications (GIs) is a very controversial subject at the World Trade Organization as well as in the negotiations of bilateral trade agreements like the Canada/European Union Trade Agreement (CETA). This is mainly because different countries have very different views on how to go about protecting GIs. North American countries favor trademarks because they believe that the “know-how” can be transferred across geographical boundaries and that it is possible to replicate or even improve on ancestral production processes developed in a given region. “Parmesan” cheese and “Parma” ham are examples of products manufactured and marketed under these names in Canada. The European Union (EU) promotes a « terroir » approach, applying a sui generis protection, which grants a monopoly of the GI to producers located in a specific region. The first European regulation of GIs was adopted in 1992. But more than 20 years later, the effectiveness of GIs in the EU Member States appears mixed. Our thesis attempts to explain reasons for this situation and analyzes the trade-impact of GI protection considering trade within the European Union. Our research on reasons highlights two key issues related to the European GI regulation: potential conflicts between geographical marks (containing geographical names or terms) and sign of GIs (IGP/PDO), and the degeneration of GIs. In addition, we note that consumers are comparatively confused between GIs products and organic products, and small potential producers are rather deterred by the costs of GIs implementation, monitoring and control. Our findings suggest that the protection of GIs creates trade when the importing and exporting countries have GI-protected products. Trade increased by 0.76% when both exporting and importing countries have protected products, after controlling for the effects of others determinants of trade. There is also empirical evidence regarding a trade-diverting effect when the importing country does not have GIs. In addition, our results note a border enlargement effect arising from European GI-protection. An analysis by sector of production indicates that the trade-impact of protecting GIs in some sectors is more important than other sectors.
Simon, Victor. "Les échelles du Levant et de Barbarie : Droit du commerce international entre la France et l'Empire ottoman (XVIème - XVIIIème siècle)." Thesis, Paris 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA020063.
After the Ottoman Empire granted France access to selected markets starting in the 16th century, a large number of merchants of Provence established selling agents in the main trading ports of Levant. Since the Medieval period these ports had been called échelles of Levant, in the Middle East, and échelles of Barbary, in North Africa. These terms are also used to name the legal framework governing the international trade with these regions. Since then, the merchants of this marketplaces had to meet three kinds of regulations : local commercial law, regulations from the Turkish administration and regulations from the French Royal administration. French merchants developed new forms of enterprise based on the capitulations that ensured free movement of people and goods within the Ottoman territory. From the second half of the 17th century, the French royal administration tried to implement an interventionist policy in an attempt to control the trade and benefit from it
Hatton, Anne-Catherine, and Anne-Catherine Hatton. "Le respect des normes éthiques nationales dans le commerce transfrontière des inventions biotechnologiques : regards croisés sur l'interprétation des notions de moralité publique dans le GATT et de bonnes mœurs dans la convention sur le brevet européen." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/23916.
Nous avons examiné s’il existait des mécanismes juridiques permettant aux États de faire respecter, à l’étape du commerce transfrontière, les prescriptions d’ordre éthique auxquelles ils assujettissent certaines inventions biotechnologiques suscitant des préoccupations morales. Nous avons d’abord évalué si l'exception de moralité publique du GATT pouvait être invoquée à une telle fin. De notre étude historique poussée des sources de cette disposition, nous concluons que celle-ci proclame les droits souverains de l’État, dans les limites de sa compétence territoriale, relativement au champ d’application de la notion de moralité publique. Nous analysons ensuite l'interprétation faite de la notion de bonnes moeurs dans l'article 53a) de la Convention sur le brevet européen. Enfin, nous faisons ressortir, dans la jurisprudence pertinente, certaines irrégularités majeures dans l’interprétation de ces dispositions par les instances compétentes, que nous imputons en partie à la difficulté d’introduire une composante éthique dans un processus analytique de nature essentiellement juridique.
We examined the availability of legal mechanisms guaranteeing compliance with State-imposed ethical requirements applicable to morally questionable biotechnological inventions at the cross-border trade stage. First, we assessed whether GATT public morals exception could be invoked to that purpose. We conclude from our extensive historical study that this provision proclaims States sovereign rights, within their territorial jurisdiction, relative to determining the scope of public morals. We then analyze how the notion of morality has been construed under article 53a) of the European Patent Convention. Finally, we highlight major irregularities in the interpretation of these provisions in the relevant case law that can be explained in part by the challenge of introducing an ethical component in an analytical process of an essentially legal nature.
We examined the availability of legal mechanisms guaranteeing compliance with State-imposed ethical requirements applicable to morally questionable biotechnological inventions at the cross-border trade stage. First, we assessed whether GATT public morals exception could be invoked to that purpose. We conclude from our extensive historical study that this provision proclaims States sovereign rights, within their territorial jurisdiction, relative to determining the scope of public morals. We then analyze how the notion of morality has been construed under article 53a) of the European Patent Convention. Finally, we highlight major irregularities in the interpretation of these provisions in the relevant case law that can be explained in part by the challenge of introducing an ethical component in an analytical process of an essentially legal nature.
Li, Lin. "Aspects juridiques des investissements chinois en France dans le secteur du vin." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTD010/document.
For historical reasons, China has a conservative and relatively closed legal culture. At the same time, the wine sector in France, seen as a national heritage, is also marked by strong conservatism. Moreover, western vitivinicultural practice hardly ever existed before its recent introduction in China. The Chinese investment in France in the wine sector was forced to break through a tunnel between two isolated worlds. During this particular process, legal risks and litigation arise due to legal surprises that may arise during the investment process. Faced with this problem, the written law seems insufficient, given the peculiarities of Chinese investment and the specificities of the wine sector. When these two particularities meet, new legal instruments are created. Specific practices for this purpose are "invented" by the parties involved, in order to eliminate the risks as well as possible litigations caused by the shortcomings of the written law
Faye, Ibra. "L'union européenne et les obtacles non tarifaires : analyse de la pratique conventionnelle européenne à l'aune du droit de l'OMC." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCD014.
The generalized decline of tariffs, combined to the dazzling development of liberalism around theworld, led to an extraordinary expansion of non-tariff barriers. This trend is explained by the desire ofsovereign States to restrict the hold of free trade on their internal policies. By using non-tariff barriers,they implement protectionism which is of two kinds. On the one hand, this protectionism is economic. Itaims to protect national economic operators from foreign competition, assuring them market shares atthe expense of other international operators. This protectionism is unlawful. In another hand, theprotectionism must be licit because non-tariff barriers are erected in order to avoid the negation oflegitimate non-economic objectives. Despite the fact that it promotes liberalism, the European Union, inaccordance with constituent treaties, protects non-market values which are hardly defended in WTO.Achieving this double objective is sought through european conventional practice. The latter isdominated by the conclusion of bilateral agreements with different regions through the world. The coreobjective is to « manage globalization ». In this context, three legal orders interact in the explanation ofthe european conventional practice of non-tariff barriers : the « order of bilateral agreements », the oneof « European Union » and the last of « WTO »
Melloni, Mattia. "The principle of non-discrimination and the GATT/WTO jurisprudence of "Like Products"." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211054.
Doctorat en droit
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Verdon-Ricard, Marie-Pierre. "Le développement des produits différenciés comme élément d'une nouvelle politique agricole du Québec : l'apport potentiel de la Loi sur les appellations réservées et des termes valorisants." Thesis, Université Laval, 2009. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2009/26292/26292.pdf.
Martin, Nicolas. "De la Chambre de commerce de La Rochelle aux bureaux de Versailles, les relations commerciales entre droit romain et Europe du Nord au XVIIIe siècle : la voile rochelaise dans l'ombre de la Hanse." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LAROD035.
Created in 1719 to launch a new representation of the "trade” sphere within the general population, the La Rochelle Chamber of Commerce, the central point of a complex institutional organization, participates actively in the political and economic life of the kingdom. In spite of the organic rivalry which weakens it, this ninth Chamber succeeds finally in becoming the privileged representative of the trader and its most fervent supporter. As the middleman between the wheels of power and the trading companies, it becomes not only the mainstay of popular trade, but also its recorder, by collecting numerous items of correspondence and papers relating to trade. In a policy of both participation and dispute, its defense of local interests within the vast national interest is especially to be found in business relations with Northern Europe. Admittedly, the main trade concerns are elsewhere, as this maritime circuit could never compete in importance with colonial traffic and the slave trade. For all that, the Rochelais traders do not intend to give up - which is shown in the route to the North: colonial commodities and French products, strongly desired by the North, but transported almost exclusively under a foreign flag. Famous for being "big debaters and memory makers", the Rochelais do not fail to analyze the root causes of the direct business crisis between Northern Europe and the kingdom. They denounce not only the almost hegemonic control that both the English and the Dutch have over these trade routes, but also the measures adopted by the Versailles offices which they consider too timid. This reality, explained until then, by economic, political and cultural considerations, looks completely different if we consider the legal rule. Analyzed on several levels and in several dimensions, the latter reveals an obvious disparity of treatment between French and foreign traders. Diplomatic agreements, international treaties, customs legislation, institutional framework, all the components of legal rule, play an important role in the functioning of this maritime circuit. However, the correlation between legal rule and trade with the North could not be explained merely by the observance of trade exchanges with the port of La Rochelle. The northern institutional and customs models must also be examined. And yet these models confirm that the specificity of legal rule in some Northern States constitutes a determining element of this maritime chart. Furthermore, the careful analysis of one of the oldest monuments of medieval maritime law, at the origin of the Hanseatic league, leads to a singular discovery: this text, known by the name of "Lois de Visby" shows clearly, in the cradle of Northern Europe, a very clear Roman influence
Volkov, Aleksandr. "Le régime juridique des relations gazières entre la Russie, l'Union Européenne et les pays membres de l'Union Européenne." Thesis, Tours, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOUR1004/document.
The current legal rules restrain the development of both frameworks now existing – that is, long-term contracts and opened-up markets. The solution to this problem could be the maintain of the first group of relations and the development of the second group. Therefore, it is important to suggest an alternative framework. The basis of such alternative framework could be fixed in an international treaty between Russia, EU and the member-states. This new regulation will also require the adjustment of the local legislation