Дисертації з теми "Comportement spatial – Simulation par ordinateur"
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Bensalem, Ahlem Bertin Yves Bonjour Jocelyn. "Contribution à l'analyse du comportement de caloducs oscillants à finalité spatiale par voies expérimentale et numérique." Poitiers : I-Medias, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/index.php?id=330.
Bensalem, Ahlem. "Contribution à l'analyse du comportement de caloducs oscillants à finalité spatiale par voies expérimentale et numérique." Poitiers, 2008. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2008/Bensalem-Ahlem/2008-Bensalem-Ahlem-These.pdf.
Spacecrafts (satellite, space probe,. . . ) are integrating more and more heat dissipative equipments. Such a complexity, combined with the imposed constraints concerning the reduction of volumes and masses on board these devices, leads to a growing need of accurate, reliable and passive thermal control solutions. In this constraining context, phase-change thermal management systems such as heat pipes or loop heat pipes seem inevitable because of their substantial heat transfer capabilities and of their passive operation. This thesis is devoted to characterise a new phase-change thermal management system operation : pulsating heat pipe. The experimental investigation which has been conducted allowed determining the performance of two pulsating heat pipe prototypes. These two systems have a different inner diameter and they have been tested using two distinct working fluids (water and acetone). The induced effects of several parameters such as the filling ratio, the heat input or the inclination angle,. . . On the operation of these devices have also been explored. Different tests revealed a substantial heat transfer potential and a less sensitive behaviour to gravity forces than a conventional heat pipe. A theoretical approach has been added to this experimental work. It aims at modeling the thermohydrodynamic behaviour of an elementary control volume composed of a single vapour plug and a single liquid slug. It has been shown that oscillations can occur even if the system is submitted only to thermal stresses. This model led in particular to show favourable conditions to the appearance and maintenance of liquid-vapour interface oscillations
Li, Tianyi. "Vision, mutlisensory integration and aging in an integrated computational model of spatial memory." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SORUS612.
An ever growing body of neuroscientific data is becoming available from various animal species, including humans, due to technological advances in capturing brain signals and behavior linked with them. These increasing amounts of data, together with an unprecedented power and memory capacity of present day computers calls for large scale computational models with the objective of unifying, storing and analysing these data. Moreover, such models allow crosslinking computational studies from various domains and in various levels of neural hierarchy to provide a deeper understanding of neuronal mechanisms underlying various cognitive phenomena and their link with behavior. The objective of this thesis is to develop an integrated model of human behavior in the context of spatial orientation and its deterioration with age. The problem of spatial cognition is considered as a problem of combining external sensory cues coming from the environment and internal sensory cues coming from self-motion information, with the objective to build a mental representation of surrounding space. A large body of experimental research suggests that this representation is constructed within an intricate network of brain areas residing in the medial temporal lobe, with external sensory input arriving via a ``dorsal'' visual path originating in early visual areas and passing via the parietal cortex. Aging has been shown to strongly affect medial temporal lobe networks and associated memory-based behaviors, and in particular the creation of mental representations of space. In this thesis we develop an integrated neural network model of spatial memory by based on anatomical and functional experimental evidence of sensory information processing in the dorsal visual path and medial temporal lobe networks. We use this model to simulate a number of experiments linking human visual functions with spatial orientation behaviors, and propose how visual cues are combined with self-motion input during the construction of mental maps of space. We then test the hypothesis that aging exerts its deteriorating effects on spatial memory via acting on neuromodulatory action in the brain and is linked with reduced novelty processing in the medial temporal lobe. Overall, the work performed during this doctoral thesis provides a first step towards building an integrated computer platform for human behavior simulation and contributes to a better understanding of how spatial representations are built from sensory signals and are affected by aging
Koval, Junior Georg. "Comportement d’interface des matériaux granulaires." Paris Est, 2008. http://pastel.paristech.org/4192/01/KOVAL.pdf.
In this thesis, we analyze the interface behavior of granular materials, and particularly the phenomenon of shear strain localization in the vicinity of a wall. Using an annular geometry with imposed shear velocity and confining pressure, we compare experimental and numerical approaches to describe this behavior. The experimental approach is composed of experiments with model materials in two annular simple shear devices (ACSA and mini-ACSA). We connect measurements of shear strain of the granular medium, obtained by correlation imaging velocimetry (ACSA) and by magnetic resonance imaging (mini-ACSA) to global measurements of the stress and volume variations. The numerical approach consists of two-dimensional discrete simulations (molecular dynamics). We study the influence of the geometry and the surface roughness on the behavior of the granular interfaces. In simulation, we complete the study with the analysis of inertial effects
Rohani, Seyed Yahya. "Simulation numérique du comportement des matériaux granulaires." Metz, 1995. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/1995/Rohani.Seyed_Yahya.SMZ9541.pdf.
The theory of continuous media is not sufficient to explain the behaviour of granular materials, so it is necessary to consider the discrete nature of such media. A method that answers such questions is the distinc element method. The numerical simulation of the behaviour of Schneebeli analogical material (2D) and of granular materials (3D) is done by the distinct element method and by using the trubal program in order to reproduce numerically, certain experimental tests of the characterization of granular materials. The biaxial compression test and the simple shear test are done with rolls of PVC and glass and the trixial test is simulated with glass balls. The experimental results validate the method used and enable us to obtain the characteristic parameters of materials by different kinds of loading. The exploitation of numerical results highlights the fundamental role of the intergrain friction and the material density in order to characterize the granular media, enabling the analysis of the phenomenon of dilatance, localization and shear band. Finally, we applied this study to the behaviour of granular materials under push and trust effects, and in the case of ensiled materials
Bouassida, Yosra. "Modélisation du comportement des dallages industriels." Marne-la-Vallée, ENPC, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010ENPC1010.
Vu, Thi Hai Yen. "Simulation du Comportement sous Irradiation aux Ions Lourds du Nanocomposite Au-SiO2." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2015. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01265991/document.
Metal-glass nanocomposites are interesting owing to their particular optical-properties. Ion irradiation can be used as a tool to fabricate nanocomposites. The aim of this thesis was to study, from a fundamental point of view, the behavior of gold nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in an amorphous silica matrix under irradiation. My contribution consists in the interpretation, by modeling and numerical simulation, of experimental results previously obtained by researchers of the Laboratoire des Solides Irradiés. In a first type of experiments, the system was irradiated with 4 MeV gold ions while in a second type the irradiation was performed by using 74 MeV krypton ions. For the study of the first type of experiments, the simulation by kinetic Monte Carlo (KMC) on rigid lattice was chosen and developed specifically to study the behavior of NPs irradiated at different temperatures. The simulations allows us to reproduce qualitatively the experimental results at any temperature. We found that the system evolves within a direct coarsening regime at high temperature (T>900 K) whereas at low temperatures (T<600 K) it becomes resistant to coarsening and the NPs dissolve. A transition regime is observed between 600 K and 900 K. The KMC simulation highlights and explains an effect of the size of the NPs on their dissolution under irradiation. It also demonstrated that unidirectional ballistic models could account for the law of dissolution. A model based on the theoretical approach of Frost and Russel including a size-dependent recoil generation rate fully describes the dissolution for any NP size. In the second type, the system evolves in the electronic energy deposition regime. Depending on their size, the NP can be vaporized (diameter<10 nm), transformed into nanorod (10-30 nm) or faceted NP (30-60 nm) or slightly deformed (>60 nm) by the incident ions. We imagined a scenario for the mechanism of deformation which is based on the thermal expansion of the melted NP into the track produced by the incident ion in the matrix. Its implementation using a new simulation technique helped to refine certain elements of the scenario and to improve the overall understanding of the process. The qualitative agreement between the experimental data and the results obtained by the simulation validate the proposed mechanism
Pakpahan, Parouli M. "Modélisation et simulation du comportement thermique des parafoudres à ZnO." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991ECDLA006.
Dautriat, Jérémie. "Comportement hydromécanique de roches réservoir sous contraintes : relations entre évolution de perméabilité et échelles des mécanismes d'endommagement." Palaiseau, Ecole polytechnique, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/docs/00/38/57/77/PDF/Manuscrit_These_Dautriat.pdf.
The Understanding and the prevention of damage mechanisms, which have an impact on the kinetics of production and the rate of recovery, remain an outstanding issue in reservoir engineering. The aim of this study, based on the characterization of the hydromechanical behaviour of sandstone and carbonate rocks in 'reservoir conditions', is the identification of the local mechanisms responsible for changes in permeability measured macroscopically. The experimental work was performed with an original triaxial set-up, which allows measurements of the stress-induced permeability evolutions in the principal directions of the stress tensor. A first experimental campaign, consisting in hydrostatic and uniaxial compression tests, has been performed on Fontainebleau and Bentheim sandstones. In one hand, we showed that experimental end-effects might affect significantly the ‘classical' axial permeability measurements, and in the other hand, we have determined the impact of brittle failure on directional permeabilities. Compression experiments, following different stress-paths, were also carried out on a carbonate, the Estaillades limestone. In elastic deformation regime, the reduction of permeability was modelized by pore network simulations, based on 3D reconstructions of μ-tomography RX and a simplified representation of the pore space. While brittle fracture of carbonate samples induced slight permeability evolutions, at higher effective pressure, permeability drops can reach 90% to the initial values and are associated with mechanisms of pore collapse. The post-mortem analysis of deformed samples, coupled with digital image correlation methods, using both SEM and Optical acquisition devices, provide a better understanding of the role of the heterogeneities, identified at different scales, in the strain localization and their potential impacts on permeability changes at the sample scale
Condaxakis, Constantin. "Contrôle passif des pales d'éoliennes et simulation de leur comportement." La Rochelle, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LAROS058.
Farouk, Mohamedade. "Modélisation du comportement verbal et non verbal d'un agent pédagogique : une étude exploratoire." Paris 8, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA083766.
Buco, Jasmin Kastner Richard Emeriault Fabrice. "Analyse et modélisation du comportement mécanique des conduites enterrées." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2008. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=buco.
Buco, Jasmin. "Analyse et modélisation du comportement mécanique des conduites enterrées." Lyon, INSA, 2007. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2007ISAL0028/these.pdf.
As a consequence of their aging, the performance of buried pipes has become a major concern for the urban sewer systems managers. Improvement of both the pipe design and its installation conditions or a more efficient management requires first a comprehension of phenomena that lead to pipe deterioration. This research starts a new long-term and multidisciplinary topic where the study of the structural pipe degradation in relation with soil condition represents only one part of the whole extent. Within this context, our approach consists in first identifying such phenomena, then describing their effects on sewers. This PhD thesis is composed of three different parts. In the first part, a statistical analysis of failures affecting the Greater Lyon sewer network and the factors that are likely to make them appear is achieved in order to determine in what circumstances these failures occur. It is then possible to identify some of the mechanical processes that may generate the pipe deficiencies. It appears that the phenomena identified as having a major influence on the pipe behaviour are completely ignored by the current design standards. The second part is dedicated to the experimental characterization, via laboratory tests, of the mechanical behaviour of the most unknown part of the sewer pipe: the joint. A rheological model of its behaviour under three types of loading is developed so that it can be easily adapted to all kinds of joint with rubber gaskets. The last part regards a numerical 3D modelling of a trench and a pipe which includes all the major parameters having a significant influence on the pipe behaviour. A numerical representation of the joint is based on the lab test results, while the rest of the model is validated with the results from the literature. This numerical modelling is then used to investigate the influence of the soil variability within the trench, particularly focusing on the longitudinal pipe behaviour
Youssef, Abdel Massih Dalia. "Analyse du comportement des fondations superficielles filantes par des approches fiabilistes." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT2029.
Wilk, Olivier. "Simulation du comportement dynamique d'une automobile avec couplage aérodynamique." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ECAP0279.
Lovas, Laszlo Rigal Jean-François Marialigeti Janos. "Etude des relations entre le comportement et la fabrication des synchronisateurs des boîtes de vitesses manuelles." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=lovas.
Delhom, Marielle. "Modélisation et simulation orientées objet : contribution à l'étude du comportement hydrologique d'un bassin versant." Corte, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996CORT3029.
Bisilliat, Marie-Laure. "Comportement mécanique d'un polycarbonate à grande vitesse de sollicitation : Étude expérimentale et simulation." ENSMP, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ENMP0743.
Madrosky, Daniel. "Conception des engrenages spiro-coniques. Géométrie et simulation de comportement." Lyon, INSA, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ISAL0018.
Dolzhenko, Nataliya Kastner Richard Mathieu Philippe. "Etude expérimentale et numérique de modèle réduit bidimensionnel du creusement d'un tunnel développement d'une loi de comportement spécifique /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2005. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=dolzhenko.
Letalleur, Nicolas. "Influence de la géométrie des aspérités dans un contact hydrodynamique lubrifie ultra mince : effets locaux et comportement moyen." Lyon, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAL0113.
When the two surfaces of a lubricated contact are very close one together, mixed lubrication model are usually considered. They included bath the possibility of a contact between some asperities and simultaneously used hydrodynamic models in the other part of the contact. In our worlc, w assumed the existence of an ultrathin liquid film (fractionated lubrication theory) on the whole contact so that a pure hydrodynamic approach can be used. So the model take into account the description of very thin film areas (plateau) where the gap is as small as 50 nanometer and of valleys where the gap is fare bigger. In this context, we first consider the influence of a small number of isolated plateau-valley asperities in a three dimensional thin flow. The influence of various parameters is studied as the compressibility, the aspect ratio of the asperity, the piezo-viscosity and the input flow which indeed control the occurrence of the cavitation. An application in the context of the cold rolling is given. In the second part of the thesis, we try to take into account the existence of a great number of asperities so that exact computation is prohibited. Only the global behavior of the flow can be obtained by way of averaged models. Assuming newtonian, iso-viscous and non cavitating flow, we gained the so called flow F1. Ctors which enables us to write the averaged equations. A lot of numerical results are presented to show the behavior of such flow factors for deterministic, fractal and randomly generated surfaces
Pol, Patrick. "Simulation du comportement élasto-plastique de coques minces par éléments finis." Compiègne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992COMPD501.
Changenet, Christophe. "Modélisation du comportement thermique des transmissions par engrenages." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ISAL0047.
The objective of the work presented here is to elaborate a numerical model which can predict the thenmal behaviour and the efficiency of power gearing transmission. The thenmal networks method has been used. This method consists in dividing the geared unit into isothenmal elements and connecting these elements by thenmal resistances which depend on the kind of heat transfer encountered (conduction, convection, radiation). Seme elements of the network represent heat sources and the heat generated is linked to power losses which occur in a gearing transmission. The following sources of power lasses are laken into account : friction due to the meshing c gear teeth, lasses in bearings, friction in shaft seals and in gearbox synchronizer sets, losses due to cil churning. As far as cil churning lasses are concerned, a specifie test rig has been used to study this dissipation source and seme original fonmulations are proposed to quantify the heat generated. The originality of the model thal has been developed lies in the nodal decomposition : each element is considered as having a basic shape. Then classical correlations are used to quantify heat transfers, and it allows to simulate the thermal behaviour of any geared unit. A computational program has been designed in order to solve simultaneously power lasses and thermal calculations. Steady-state and transient problems can be solved. Seme measurements have been carried out with Iwo different power trains transmissions : a manual six-speed gearbox and an industrial gear unit. The results of these experiments show thal the numerical model allows to predict with a good accuracy the thermal behaviour and the efficiency
Yunus, Yuhanis. "Modélisation discrète du comportement cyclique des matériaux granulaires." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008ECDL0033.
Arcen, Boris. "Etude par simulation numérique directe du comportement et de la dispersion de particules solides en écoulement non homogène isotherme ou anisotherme." Nancy 1, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2006_0163_ARCEN.pdf.
This dissertation is devoted to the investigation of the motion of solid particles in an isothermal and non isothermal inhomogeneous turbulent gas flow using direct numerical simulation. By means of this numerical tool, it was possible to analyse the inertia and crossing trajectory effects on the thermal and dynamical characteristics of the dispersed phase as well as on those of the fluid seen. A better understanding of the influence of these two effects is an important issue in the development of Eulerian-Eulerian and Eulerian-Lagrangian models. The study was conducted by extracting dispersed phase statistics such as concentration, mean and root mean square of the particle velocity, fluid-particle covariances, and triple particle velocity correlations. The characteristics of the fluid seen which were examined are the drift velocity, the Reynolds stresses, and the decorrelation time scales of the fluctuating velocity of the fluid seen. Concerning non isothermal flows, we present the thermal statistics of the dispersed phase as well as those of the fluid seen obtained in a downward channel flow. These aspects are investigated keeping in mind the objective of the present study, i. E. Understand the thermal behaviour of the dispersed phase and provide information about crucial parameters which appear in the modelling of such flows
Frénois, Stéphane. "Modélisation polycristalline du comportement mécanique du tantale : application à la mise en forme par hydroformage." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0745.
Chaverot, Jean-Luc. "Modélisation et simulation du comportement mécanique des semelages soumis à des contraintes biomécaniques." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10082.
Bendahmane, Mohamed. "Etude du comportement mécanique du bois avec nœuds : simulation numérique." Bordeaux 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988BOR10626.
Jaffal, Haidar. "Etude numérique, via l'homogénéisation, du comportement élasto-viscoplastique d'un composite à matrice métallique et à fibres courtes : une application à la mise en forme." Aix-Marseille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989AIX22053.
Leroy, Elisée. "Simulation numérique du comportement statique et dynamique du dispositif de compensation d'effort axial dans les turbomachines." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10135.
Liu, Hengxi Jullien Jean-François. "Corrélation entre perception au confort vibratoire et comportement dynamique de planchers bois apport pour le dimensionnement /." Villeurbanne : Doc'INSA, 2007. http://docinsa.insa-lyon.fr/these/pont.php?id=liu.
Lovas, Laszlo. "Etude des relations entre le comportement et la fabrication des synchronisateurs des boîtes de vitesses manuelles." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0017/these.pdf.
Synchronizers allow gear changing in manual gearboxes. Their structure, their behaviour as well as problems of behaviour are presented using the Borg-Warner type synchroniser. Mathematical models of phenomena which can be used for description of the behaviour are collected, and then included in numerical simulation software. Simulation results, compared to measured data on synchronizer test rig, allow explaining reasons of the double bump, key phenomenon for the feel of gear changing. Then, simulations highlight the importance of the dynamical behaviour of the synchronizer. Stick-slip, as a main component of the internal excitation, determines the moment of the end of the indexing phase. Discussion of the results permits to suggest improvements of practical use
Liu, Hengxi. "Corrélation entre perception au confort vibratoire et comportement dynamique de planchers bois : apport pour le dimensionnement." Lyon, INSA, 2006. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2006ISAL0134/these.pdf.
The current architectural tendency supports the construction of great flexible and evolutionary spaces. The use of industrial products derived from wood makes it possible to build floors of great ranges. On the other hand, these light structures are to confront with a sensitivity to the vibrations. Within the framework of this study, the vibrations of the floors are examined, under the effects of the impact of the heel and walk. These requests are retained to bring the knowledge of the dynamic behavior of the floor, to position this one with respect to the level of comfort, and the criteria of dimensioning. Thus, the following questions are studied: Which are the principal structural parameters influencing the dynamic behavior? Which criteria is necessary it to choose to dimension the structure according to the level of comfort considered? How to optimize the design of the floors out of wooden by integrating the aspects related to human comfort? To date, only the experimental tests carried out on the scale of the structure constitute the means to determine subjective data of comfort. For these studied cases, a bond is established between perception with vibratory comfort and the dynamic specific characteristics of the floor. To aim at the extension to the multiple constructive parameters with the assistance of the numerical experimentation in complement of tests limited by “type of floor”, the dynamic analyses are obtained by means of the digital simulation. In fine, the structural data to consider in the criteria of dimensioning are refined, for the establishment of a guide of the design and a help to dimensioning
Bernier, Jean. "Modélisation du comportement de l'azote dans un système de traitement individuel d'épuration." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27487/27487.pdf.
Moet, Henri. "Simulation numérique du comportement des tourbillons de sillage dans l'atmosphère." Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT007H.
Ganne, Thomas. "Comportement à la fissuration de revêtements fragiles sur substrat ductile : application à des dépôts PVD de tungstène sur substrat en acier." Palaiseau, École polytechnique, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001EPXX0020.
Krichen, Abdelkader. "Simulation numérique et analyse expérimentale du comportement d'un contact verre/PMMA sous sollicitations de fretting." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECDL0021.
Collin, Jean-Marc. "Identifiabilité des paramètres de lois de comportement de matériaux par essais d’indentation continue." Rennes 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008REN1S079.
The aim of this thesis is to study the potential of indentation test in the determination of the materials behaviour laws parameters. From a study of the spherical indentation, some models describing indentation data changes were proposed. They allow a good evaluation of the stress-strain curve of several metallic samples by inversion. However, it has been observed that isotropic hardening is not sufficient to describe the unloading and reloading during an indentation test. Thus, models combining both isotropic and kinematic hardening were used in order to describe the whole indentation test. They depend on many parameters; an approach by inversion of models becomes then difficult. We then propose the use of inverse analysis approach on indentation tests in order to determine the parameters of these behaviour models
Renard, Béatrice. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation du comportement thermique d'une machine électrique multi-fonctions : application à un alterno-démarreur intégré." Poitiers, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003POIT2282.
The work consisted in studying the thermal behaviour of an electrical induction motor operating as an alternator, a starter and a booster in a motor vehicle. A numerical thermal model (nodal method) was elaborated of an ISA (Integrated Starter Alternator) and its environment. The winding of copper was studied. In addition, the modelling of this closed machine required a simulation of convective transfers with the help of a CFD tool and the use of a superposing method in order to translate the obtained results into a network. In parallel, specific experimental trials brought us to validate the thermal model, analyse certain aspects of the thermal behaviour of this multi-function system and be more precise in assessing the amount of iron losses generated in the alternator mode. In conclusion, the nodal model, obtained after adjusting, led us to classify the important parameters in view of the behaviour of the ISA when in use during precise driving cycles
Hoëppe, Frédéric Démoulin Bernard Gineste P. N. "Analyse du comportement électromagnétique des chambres réverbérantes à brassage de modes par l'utilisation de simulations numériques." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://www.univ-lille1.fr/bustl-grisemine/pdf/extheses/50376-2001-177-178.pdf.
Hoëppe, Frédéric. "Analyse du comportement électromagnétique des chambres réverbérantes à brassage de modes par l'utilisation de simulations numériques." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-177-178.pdf.
Bonnan, Stéphane. "Modélisation mésomécanique du comportement sous choc de l'aluminium poreux - validation expérimentale." Poitiers, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996POIT2272.
De, Barros Silvio Romero. "Modèle d'interface pour la simulation du comportement des assemblages collés." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005VERS0010.
The use of adhesive in composite and metalic components has become increasingly popular. However, the lack of reliable and effient computational tools for the prediction of the load-carrying capacity of such type of junctions have severely limited their range of application. Failure of adhesively bonded joints is the result of the evolution and interaction of several complex degradation processes in the adhesive layer. The damage interface model proposed in this study allows modelling the joints degradation during all the loading phase. This model, which originates from those employed for the analysis of delamination in composites laminates, has been implemented as a part of the finite element code CAST3M. Its implmentation was validate by comparison with Linear Fracture Mechanics models and width other damaging interface models. The difficulty, by using this type of model, is precisely the identification of the interface mechanical parameters. These parameters are valid only for the adhesive, material and the surface treatments for which they were identified. The tests on the bonded structures are thus essential. In this work, the identification of the interface parameters is based on nondestructive acoustic measures (stiffnesses) and on destructive mechanical measures (critical energies). The idenfication procedure is validated by the study of other geommetric configurations of a bonded joint. The aim of this work is to have a numerical tool able to bring the reliability and the effectiveness that the industry needs to develop the use of adhesive joints as a method of structural assembly
Mounoury, Sébastien. "Contribution au modèle d'interaction fluide structure de prédiction de comportement d'une surface souple de faible épaissseur soumise : application aux voiles." Nantes, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006NANT2095.
This study adds to the development of a non linear aeroelastic model which is destined to predict the behaviour of a thin flexible surface in contact with a flow under the hypothesis of an inviscid fluid. This fluid-structure interaction model integrates a structure alculation, based on a string networkmodel, with a fluid calculation, based on a singularity method associated with a vortex method. Both the string model and the string network model are explained and applied to problems permitting analytical or semi analytical solutions. The fluid structure coupling, allowing the interface to be managed, is a weak coupling. The model obtained is applied to a class 8 foresail. The results are compared to those obtained from a membrane model. The experiments conducted in a wind tunnel on a small scale model rig are presented
Allain, Pierre. "Analyse et synthèse de mouvements de foules par contrôle optimal." Lorient, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORIS257.
In the communities of computer graphics and vision the study of human crowds phenomena has raised an increasing interest over the past years. The main reasons stem from a continuous increase in the world population and the associated problems, but also from a search of a good visual realism in computer games or computer-generated images for the movie industry. Yet, most of the navigation mechanisms or collision avoidance strategies among pedestrians are not fully understood, resulting in empirical models inspired by qualitative observations. On the contrary, data- driven methods oppose to this qualitative methods by giving ways to describe quantitatively those phenomena. From crowd videos, it should be possible to enrich the behavioral simulation models through parameterization or calibration. In this thesis, an original approach is proposed to analyze and simulate crowd motions from videos, which exploits the optimal control formalism, and more specifically the variational data assimilation principles. By exploiting some existing physical models describing the dynamics of a crowd flow, and combining this information to the perceived motion in the image, it is shown in this thesis how to extract a high level information on the flow related to a disturbance potential. The information conveyed in this process is by essence Eulerian, and opposes to the Lagrangian nature of pedestrians. To overcome this plurality of representation, a new powerful graph-based representation is introduced. The control of individuals driven by a dynamical method and under external constraints (designed by an animator or acquired from videos) is then studied and discussed
Bissières, Dominique. "Modélisation du comportement de la phase liquide dans les chambres de combustion de statoréacteurs." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0565.
Boulos, Majida. "Étude numérique du comportement mécanique d'une structure ovoïde en matériau actif et fibreux : application au système cardiovasculaire." Paris 12, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA120033.
Petit, Geoffrey Hemati Mehrdji Simonin Olivier. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale et numérique du comportement des phases gaz et solide dans un lit fluidisé circulant application au procédé FCC /." Toulouse : INP Toulouse, 2006. http://ethesis.inp-toulouse.fr/archive/00000268.
Petit, Geoffrey. "Contribution à l'étude expérimentale et numérique du comportement des phases gaz et solide dans un lit fluidisé circulant : application au procédé FCC." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2005. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/7439/1/petit.pdf.
Bohatier, Claude. "Etude des grandes déformations de solides viscoplastiques, contacts dissipatifs et évolutifs, extension au comportement élasto-viscoplastique." Nice, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986NICE4015.