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Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 15 вересня 2021

Оновлено: 7 лютого 2022

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Parkin, David. ""Our" Problem of Conflicting Rationalities." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue Canadienne des Études Africaines 22, no. 2 (1988): 317. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/485910.

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Parkin, David. "“Our” Problem of Conflicting Rationalities." Canadian Journal of African Studies / Revue canadienne des études africaines 22, no. 2 (January 1988): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00083968.1988.10804201.

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Collier, Marcus J., and Mark Scott. "Conflicting rationalities, knowledge and values in scarred landscapes." Journal of Rural Studies 25, no. 3 (July 2009): 267–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2008.12.002.

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Watson, Vanessa. "Conflicting rationalities: implications for planning theory and ethics." Planning Theory & Practice 4, no. 4 (December 2003): 395–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1464935032000146318.

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Makhale, Shonani, and Karina Landman. "Gating and conflicting rationalities: challenges in practice and theoretical implications." International Planning Studies 23, no. 2 (August 2017): 130–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13563475.2017.1357463.

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Fischer, Anke, Kirsty Holstead, Cary Y. Hendrickson, Outi Virkkula, and Alessandra Prampolini. "Community-led initiatives’ everyday politics for sustainability – Conflicting rationalities and aspirations for change?" Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, no. 9 (June 8, 2017): 1986–2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x17713994.

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Community-based initiatives are widely seen to play an essential role in a societal move towards a low carbon, sustainable future. As part of this, there is often an assumption that such initiatives share expectations (i.e. a guiding vision) of large-scale change and that their activities contribute to this change. Here, we ask to what extent this assumption reflects members’ own perspectives on and interpretations of the aims and ambitions of their community initiative, and what this implies for a larger vision of sustainability transitions. In doing so, we respond to calls for a better understanding of the ‘everyday politics’ of what could be seen as processes of societal transitions in practice. We conducted qualitative interviews with members of five community initiatives in Italy, Finland and the UK. In each of these initiatives, we found a range of aspirations (i.e. outcome-related aims) and rationalities (i.e. procedural guiding principles). While some of these aims and ways of working were compatible with each other, we identified three major tensions that could be found across our study initiatives. These tensions centred on (i) the degree of politicisation of the initiative, (ii) the extent to which financial aims should take priority and (iii) questions of organisational form. We interpret these tensions as conflicting expressions of larger, societal-level discourses, and argue that this diversity and resulting conflicts need to be acknowledged – both in transition research and at the practical level – to avoid co-optation and disenfranchisement.

Kemshall, Hazel. "Conflicting rationalities of risk: disputing risk in social policy – reflecting on 35 years of researching risk." Health, Risk & Society 16, no. 5 (July 4, 2014): 398–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13698575.2014.934208.

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Scott, Mark. "Managing Rural Change and Competing Rationalities: Insights from Conflicting Rural Storylines and Local Policy Making in Ireland." Planning Theory & Practice 9, no. 1 (March 2008): 9–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649350701843689.

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Hüntelmann, Axel C. "Administrative Multinormativität in der Krankenhaus-Verwaltung am Beispiel der Charité in Berlin, 1820er- bis 1850er-Jahre." Administory 5, no. 1 (December 1, 2020): 39–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/adhi-2020-0004.

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Abstract This article illustrates the significance and dimensions of administrative multinormativity by using the example of the Charité hospital in Berlin that served as a military and civilian medical teaching facility as well as a municipal hospital. The starting point is a report on the structural conditions of the Charité in the mid-1830s that was used to apply for additional financial resources. The article describes the processes that followed the application, analyses the competing public-state, medical, administrative, and economic norms and conflicting rationalities, and discusses how these conflicts were dealt with and what attempts were made to reconcile the different principles and expectations.

Huchzermeyer, Marie, and Philipp Misselwitz. "Coproducing inclusive cities? Addressing knowledge gaps and conflicting rationalities between self-provisioned housing and state-led housing programmes." Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 20 (June 2016): 73–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cosust.2016.07.003.

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Maglione, Giuseppe. "The political rationality of restorative justice." Theoretical Criminology 23, no. 4 (February 5, 2018): 545–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1362480618756364.

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This article investigates the political conditions that have enabled the development of restorative justice, in England and Wales, over the last 40 years. By applying a governmentality approach, it conceptualizes the emergence of restorative justice as a response to distinctive political problematics, enacted by a range of governmental technologies and driven by a combination of competing political rationalities. In so doing, the article seeks to shed light on the assemblage of ambivalent principles and values that constitute restorative justice by linking them to conflicting political contingencies. This could have implications in understanding both the fragmentary growth of restorative justice in England and Wales, and, more generally, the political roots of restorative justice policies, programmes and practices beyond the British borders.

Panikkar, Bindu. "“Litigation Is Our Last Resort”." Nature and Culture 15, no. 2 (June 1, 2020): 173–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/nc.2020.150204.

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The permitting of large-scale industrial mines is often controversial and litigious. This article examines three legal battles over the exploratory permitting of the Pebble mine in southwestern Alaska to examine the logics and rationalities used to legitimize the permitting, the alternate epistemic arguments made by the resistance movements to redraw state-constructed boundaries, and differing definitions of land-based resources, pollution, and bias. It asks how conflicting knowledge claims and epistemic injustice are debated and settled in court. All three legal cases observed demonstrate conditions of scientific uncertainty, undone science, and bias, failing to hold space for diverse representations within legal claims. Citizen science is partially successful in addressing epistemic injustice, but to effectively mediate justice, law must distinctively question both knowledge construction and phronetic risks, including values, intent, bias, privilege, and agency, and take into consideration the ontological multiplicities and civic epistemologies of the parties within legal claims.

Fotel, Trine. "Space, Power, and Mobility: Car Traffic as a Controversial Issue in Neighbourhood Regeneration." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 38, no. 4 (April 2006): 733–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a36111.

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Mobility, especially for car traffic, is a contested spatial phenomenon in contemporary cities. It contributes to processes of segregation and inequality, and the power-geometry of mobility is an integral part of the conflicting rationalities inherent in contemporary urban space wars. Internationally, Copenhagen is often seen as a successfully planned city. However, a case study of a participatory planning initiative in Copenhagen reveals inert and unequal power relations. It illustrates how residents experience their living conditions as being reduced by heavy car traffic, and how they oppose the multidimensional side effects caused by traffic overload. To increase the welfare of everyday life, urban policies thus ought to focus much more on the spatial distribution of mobility and the ways that mobility influences place-bound living conditions. Integrating bottom-up initiatives and participatory planning processes oriented towards empowerment could be a vital part of democratic urban planning.

Rahm, Henrik, and Åsa Thelander. "A new narrative about sustainability or a sustainable narrative?" Fachsprache 43, no. 1-2 (April 30, 2021): 2–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/fs.v43i1-2.1861.

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The aim of this paper is to deepen the knowledge about legitimation practices in a political-economic text, namely, the consolidated government accounts. In particular the study is focused on how contested and conflicting rationalities and values are negotiated and legitimized in consolidated accounts before and after Agenda 2030 was signed. A discourse legitimation approach is used (van Leeuwen 2007, 2008) to study Swedish consolidated government accounts. The report is considered exemplary and the goals are ambitious. Since the introduction of Agenda 2030, the ultimate goals of SOEs have been rephrased and the value configurations developed. The text becomes more political and other values than economic values gain status. This shift is legitimized by references to international commitments, that should act as role models, implying that they are morally good companies contributing to a better world. The Swedish government is constructed as the responsible parent who ensures progress. Hence, the global goals and Agenda 2030 are legitimized but they in turn legitimize state ownership and the government as an active owner of companies.

Chadee, Aaron Anil, Xsitaaz Twinkle Chadee, Indrajit Ray, Abrahams Mwasha, and Hector Hugh Martin. "When Parallel Schools of Thought Fail to Converge: The Case of Cost Overruns in Project Management." Buildings 11, no. 8 (July 27, 2021): 321. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings11080321.

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This paper investigates the conflicting and contrasting views between two prominent schools of thought (SOT), the conventional project management empirical school and the incoming behavioural and psychological sciences, to explain the cost overrun phenomenon in transportation infrastructure projects. Although theories within these SOTs seem to coexist and are used interchangeably, there exists a widening knowledge gap that leads to conflicting and contrasting ideological views. In this paper, we contend that there is a lack of a cross-fertilisation mechanism to fuse and co-join contemporary theories on cost overruns. This has led to the encapsulation and fragmented adhocracy in theory building. Utilising a critical review approach, this study proposes the concepts of ideological distancing and encapsulation between “empiricism” and “behavioural” SOTs as the focus of analyses for understanding the root causes of cost overruns in project studies. The study showed that the extant debate on cost overruns is limited and divergent, effectively contributing to the problem of continued expansion and non-convergence of theories that maintain parallel identities. This creates a space for inquiry, reflecting, theorising, and debating for the convergence of SOTs on cost overrun research and theories on what can be deemed project knowledge. This paper contributes to extant project studies by identifying the need for convergence and co-joining theories with different epistemes through causal linkages. Consequently, this will improve the public sector’s infrastructure policymaking by exposing the theoretical limitations of the current ad hoc manner and application of project management concepts based on the project professionals’ bounded decision-making rationalities.

Mavelli, Luca. "Governing populations through the humanitarian government of refugees: Biopolitical care and racism in the European refugee crisis." Review of International Studies 43, no. 5 (April 17, 2017): 809–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0260210517000110.

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AbstractThe notion of humanitarian government has been increasingly employed to describe the simultaneous and conflicting deployment of humanitarianism and security in the government of ‘precarious lives’ such as refugees. This article argues that humanitarian government shouldalsobe understood as the biopolitical government of host populationsthroughthe humanitarian government of refugees. In particular, it explores how the biopolitical governmentality of the UK decision to suspend search-and-rescue operations in the Mediterranean in 2014, and the British rejection and German welcoming of Syrian refugees primarily concern thebiologicalandemotionalcare of the British and German populations. To this end, the article analyses how dynamics of inclusion/exclusion of refugees have been informed by a biopolitical racism that redraws the boundary between ‘valuable’ (to be included) and ‘not valuable’ (to be excluded) lives according to the refugees’ capacity to enhance the biological and emotional well-being of host populations. This discussion aims to contribute to three interrelated fields of research – namely, humanitarian government, biopolitical governmentality, and responses to the European refugee crisis – by exploring how biopolitics has shaped the British and German responses to the crisis and how it encompasses more meanings and rationalities than currently recognised by existing scholarship on humanitarian government.

SCHIRMER, WERNER, and DIMITRIS MICHAILAKIS. "Loneliness among older people as a social problem: the perspectives of medicine, religion and economy." Ageing and Society 36, no. 8 (August 27, 2015): 1559–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x15000999.

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ABSTRACTThis article offers a theoretical framework for studying loneliness among older people from a social problems perspective. The framework combines the constructionist approach to social problems (Spector and Kitsuse) and systems theory (Luhmann). Based on the first approach, we understand the social problem of loneliness among older people to be the result of claims-making activities by different key actors. These activities are guided by underlying moralities, causalities and solutions. With the second approach, we can explain how social problems are framed differently within different social systems. The proposed framework is primarily aimed at researchers studying social (in contrast to bio-medical or psychological) aspects of loneliness among older people. It helps not only to guide research designs in order to address conflicting perspectives, rationalities and interests but also to enable researchers to grasp fully how ‘loneliness among older people’ is attributed (potentially shifting) meanings through communicative acts by influential stakeholders in the ‘social problems industry‘. Combining constructionism and Luhmann's theory also helps to interpret and explain concrete claims-making concerning loneliness as a social problem. The argument in this article is illustrated via three different social systems: medicine, religion and economy. Loneliness among older people appears to be something different from each of these perspectives: as a matter of health and illness, of spirituality, and of incentives and commodities, respectively.

Sekulova, Filka, Isabelle Anguelovski, Lucia Argüelles, and Joana Conill. "A ‘fertile soil’ for sustainability-related community initiatives: A new analytical framework." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 49, no. 10 (August 4, 2017): 2362–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0308518x17722167.

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One of the unique and emerging responses to the current ecological, social, political and economic crises has been the emergence of community initiatives in a range of formulas and geographical contexts. We explore their emergence and evolution beyond the analysis of a single fixed set of factors that are expected to contribute to their initiation and growth. Upon reviewing the trajectories of various initiatives in the region of Barcelona (Spain), we argue that the metaphor of the fertile soil provides a useful framework to describe or explain the messy process of emergence and evolution of grassroots and community projects. Fertile soil is understood here as a particular quality of the social texture, characterized by richness, diversity, unknowns but also – by multiple tensions and contradictions. Yet it is not only the diversity of factors but the quality of their mutual relatedness that ‘makes’ the soil fertile for the emergence of new groups and the continuation of existing ones. Importantly, the seemingly messy social base in which community initiatives emerge is nourished by their inner and outer contradictions. Likewise, the space opened by dealing with conflicting rationalities creates the conditions for new and more resilient strategies and structures to emerge. As community initiatives get established, the ‘fertile dilemmas’ they frequently face become a key driver of their evolutionary context, contributing to the emergence of new social imaginaries and ways of producing social change.

Carolini, Gabriella, and Sara Lynn Hess. "Legacies of mistrust: Why colonial imprints on the implementation of fiscal reforms in Mozambique and Mexico matter." plaNext - next generation planning 11 (July 2021): 106–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24306/plnxt/73.

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National authorities across Latin America and Sub-Saharan Africa have implemented various forms of fiscal decentralization over the past three decades with equivocal results. The design of such reforms has long rested on theories based on the experiences of high-income countries’ efforts at increasing local autonomy, accountability, and basic service efficiencies. Critics of the global advocacy for fiscal decentralization, however, point to several challenges with its implementation across diverse political economies that differ significantly from those in high-income environments. Nonetheless, these critiques often obscure the impact that colonial regimes and their legacies have on current efforts to fiscally decentralize. In two postcolonial environments where fiscal decentralization projects have unrolled, namely Mozambique and Mexico, we show how colonial imprints remain critical to understanding efforts at fiscal decentralization. Our focus in these cases is on how race-based caste systems introduced under colonial administrations fed the development and evolution of dual governance systems across spaces and peoples that bred mistrust between residents, local authorities and central authorities. We argue that the conflicting rationales in evidence between stakeholders involved in fiscal decentralization projects today are rooted in the social mistrust and power struggles born from these colonial experiences. In conclusion, we contend that fiscal decentralization reforms must explicitly grapple with these spatialized and racialized legacies of mistrust and the diverse rationalities guiding stakeholders in both the design and evaluation of public policies meant to strengthen local autonomy, transparency, and efficiencies.

Fiore, Giuliana. "Bienes comunes urbanos en tensión: el caso de la ecoaldea Velatropa, en Argentina/ Urban Commons in Tension: The Case of the Velatropa Ecovillage in Argentina." Letras Verdes. Revista Latinoamericana de Estudios Socioambientales, no. 25 (February 25, 2019): 119–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.17141/letrasverdes.25.2019.3727.

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El crecimiento de la Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires (CABA) no escapa a la tendencia mundial de crecimiento poblacional en las zonas urbanas. En este contexto, surgen movimientos sociales que buscan construir alternativas a la forma de vida impuesta por la modernidad en las grandes urbes. Uno de esos movimientos se produce en torno a los procesos socioambientales de defensa y restauración de espacios verdes y de conformación de nuevas comunidades; movimientos que pueden pensarse en el marco de una resignificación y apropiación del territorio, para constituirlo en un bien común urbano. El objetivo del presente artículo es analizar las tensiones que produce la creación de nuevos bienes comunes urbanos a partir del análisis de caso de la ecoaldea Velatropa, ubicada en la Universidad de Buenos Aires, en CABA, Argentina. Para ello, se utiliza una metodología cualitativa, basada en el método etnográfico de observación participante, complementado mediante el análisis de fuentes secundarias. Los resultados describen la tensión fundamental que surge de las racionalidades contrapuestas por sobre las que actúa cada uno de los actores involucrados en el conflicto. En este caso, se encuentran cara a cara la convivencia comunitaria y ecológica del territorio con el uso mercantil del predio. Abstract The growth of the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires (CABA) does not escape the worldwide trend of population growth in urban areas. In this context, social movements emerge seeking to build alternatives to the way of life imposed by modernity in large cities. One of these movements takes place around the socio-environmental processes of defense and restoration of green spaces and the conformation of new communities. The movements can be thought in the framework of a resignification and appropriation of territory to constitute it in an urban common good. The objective of this article is to analyze the tensions produced by the creation of new urban commons based on the case analysis of the Velatropa ecovillage, located in the University Campus of the University of Buenos Aires, in CABA, Argentina. For this, the research uses a qualitative methodology, based on the ethnographic method of participant observation, complemented by the analysis of secondary sources of information. The results describe the fundamental tension that arises from the conflicting rationalities over which each one of the actors involved in the conflict acts. In this case, the community and ecological coexistence of the territory with the mercantile use of the property are face to face.

Del Valle-Rojas, Carlos. "A Critique of The Civilising Rationale: Strategies for producing marginalisation." Debats. Revista de cultura, poder i societat 4 (December 25, 2019): 161–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.28939/iam.debats-en.2019-13.

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The radical distinction between civilization and barbarism used in the discourse of the national states of Chile and Argentina during the second half of the XIX century, not only was used to justify the genocidal military intervention of the territories inhabited by the mapuche indigenous from the south of both countries; but also inaugurated a conflictive relationship that remains to the present. The main objective of the paper is to identify the scope of the “civilization project” initiated during the second part of the 19th century and expressed during the 20th and 21st centuries through different and broad forms of marginalization, both ethnic and -by extension- immigrant, thecriminal and LGBT+ groups; in such a way that it is a historical, systematic and institutionalized process of producing marginalities, which considers various production strategies of the intimate enemy, especially from the cultural industry available in each time. The results show how “marginal/marginalized” is produced and reproduced, through policies of death, dispossession, inclusion/exclusion, in a constant relationship from moral, criminal and neoliberal rationalities.

Ngwenya, Nobukhosi, and Liza Rose Cirolia. "Conflicts Between and Within: The ‘Conflicting Rationalities’ of Informal Occupation in South Africa." Planning Theory & Practice, August 18, 2020, 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14649357.2020.1808237.

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Walsh, Francis Michael. "The Delicate Art of Putting Intractable Disputes into Question." Irish Theological Quarterly, September 2, 2021, 002114002110407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/00211400211040752.

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The conflicting evaluations given to moral issues beg for an explanation. Can such an explanation be found in the invisible presence of competing rationalities that result in intractable disputes? This essay seeks to explore how the work of Alasdair MacIntyre can be useful in making visible the way competing traditions of moral inquiry hamper our attempts to make tractable currently intractable disputes in the field of moral theology. A comparison between the approach of MacIntyre and Charles E. Curran aims at developing a methodology for evaluating such competing modes of inquiry.

Li Destri Nicosia, Giulia. "Hosting spatial justice: Riace model and rhetorics of recognition." City, Territory and Architecture 6, no. 1 (November 14, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s40410-019-0107-y.

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Abstract Introduction The paper investigates the relation between spatial justice and recognition. With this respect, it focuses on rhetorics of recognition, namely discourses, narratives and slogans put in place by actors who produce a territorial identity in order to be recognized in their peculiar and different characters. Case description The case-study employed is the Riace model, a worldwide known example of refugees and asylum seekers hosting and welcoming practice in Italy. Fieldnotes, public statements and newspaper articles were used to investigate both narratives through which Riace’s identity was produced and how this identity shaped Riace’s rhetorics of recognition within the context of a conflict between the local administration and the national government. Discussion and evaluation The paper shows how claims for recognition may drive towards negative outputs. Specifically, in the case of Riace, claims for diversity re-affirmed path-dependency and conditions of marginalization as a result of a depersonalised place-based approach and logics of exception. Conclusions Finally, the paper suggests that researchers should avoid considering diversity as a value per se in order to address spatial justice issues. Moreover, it suggests that rhetorics of recognition may help both in case of conflicting rationalities and to formulate situated ethical judgments.