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Статті в журналах з теми "Container Terminal Industry"
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Li, Liu-Liu, Young-Joon Seo, and Min-Ho Ha. "The efficiency of major container terminals in China: super-efficiency data envelopment analysis approach." Maritime Business Review 6, no. 2 (January 11, 2021): 173–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mabr-08-2020-0051.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose Seaports are a signifier for the world economy and international trade. Notwithstanding the considerable role of Chinese ports in global trade, only few studies have explored the efficiency of Chinese container terminals. Furthermore, studies on Chinese port efficiency has typically centered on port-level analysis, not terminal level. Therefore, this study aims to examine the operation efficiency of Chinese container terminals. Design/methodology/approach This study uses super-efficiency data envelopment analysis (SE-DEA) approach. SE-DEA is superior than basic DEA model because it is feasible for categorizing and ranking the efficiency of container terminals more accurately and comprehensively. In the basic model, if the several decision-making units (DMUs) are efficient, the efficiency value of them is “1.” However, in the SE-DEA model, the most efficient DMU is over “1.” Based on the level of container throughput in 2018, the top 20 Chinese container terminal companies were selected. Various production quotas were selected as inputs, while the container throughput was considered output. Findings The findings show that Terminal Shanghai Mingdong Container Terminal Co., Ltd. was ranked 1, followed by Shanghai Shengdong International Container Terminal Co., Ltd., Shanghai International Port (Group) Co., Ltd. and Yidong Container Terminal Branch. Originality/value This study contributes to providing some insights into Chinese container terminal industry to augment the efficiency. This study also provides practical and policy implications (e.g. better terminal operations) for container terminals.
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Choi, Seokwoo Jake, Gi-Su Kim, and BoKyung Kim. "Economic Efficiency of the Korean Container Terminals: A Stochastic Cost Frontier Approach." Journal of Korea Trade 26, no. 3 (May 30, 2022): 23–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.35611/jkt.2022.26.3.23.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Purpose - Recent issues such as vessel enlargement, strengthening of environmental regulations, and port smartization are expected to increase costs and intensify competition in the port industry. In the new normal era, when external growth has reached its limit, the efficient operation of ports is becoming indispensable for achieving sustainable growth. This study aims to identify the determinants of inefficiency by examining the cost structure and efficiency of container terminals in Korea and furthermore propose the political implications to derive the maximization of efficiency.
Design/methodology - This study estimates the cost function of container terminal operators and identifies the efficiency of container terminals using stochastic cost frontier (SCF) in the first stage. In the second step, the SCF results are compared with the data envelopment analysis (DEA). Last, this paper proposes efficiency determinants on container terminal operation to establish appropriate strategies. Out of the 29 container terminal operators in South Korea, 13 operators participated in the survey. The translog cost function was estimated utilizing a total of 116 observations collected over the 2007-2017 period.
Findings - Empirical analysis shows that economies of scale exist in Korea’s container ports, which provides a rationale for the government’s policy to establish the global terminal operator by integrating small terminal operators to enhance competitiveness. In addition, as a result of the determinants analysis, container throughput, weight of direct employment costs, and labour cost share have positive effects on improving cost efficiency, while inefficiency increases as the length of quay increases. More specifically, cost efficiency improves as the proportion of direct employment costs to outsourcing service costs increases.
Originality/value - This study contributes to analyzing the inefficiency factors of container terminals through efficiency analysis with respect to a cost function. In addition, this study proposes the practical and political implications, such as establishing a long-term manpower pool, the application of the hybrid liner terminal system, and the construction of a statistical data system, to improve the cost inefficiency of terminal operators.
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Li, Zhuyuan, Xiaolong Wang, Run Zheng, Sanggyun Na, and Chang Liu. "Evaluation Analysis of the Operational Efficiency and Total Factor Productivity of Container Terminals in China." Sustainability 14, no. 20 (October 11, 2022): 13007. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142013007.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
As crucial international trade and global logistics players, container terminals worldwide handle more than 80% of the global merchandise trade. After analyzing and summarizing the previous studies, we use container terminal companies as the research object to fill the gap left by previous studies. Based on the above research status, this study analyzes the operational efficiency and total factor productivity of 32 container terminal companies in China using the super -efficiency DEA–SBM model and the Malmquist index method. The results show that (1) the operational efficiency level of 32 container terminals in China from 2017 to 2020 has a huge gap, and 15 container terminal companies have operational efficiency below 0.6, which indicates that most container terminals have excess inputs and a waste of resources. (2) The container terminals in the Bohai Rim, Pearl River Delta and Yangtze River Delta regions have higher operational efficiency. This shows that the development of container terminals cannot be separated from the economic hinterland of the cities where the ports are located. (3) The Malmquist index analysis shows a 2.8% decrease in total factor productivity, a 3.2% increase in the composite technical efficiency index and a 5.8% decrease in the technological progress index, which indicates that most container terminal companies have imperfect management practices and decision making. Based on the study’s results, this research provides relevant and feasible recommendations for policymakers who formulate policies for the development of the shipping industry to promote high quality and sustainable development of the shipping industry and the economy.
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Pallis, Athanasios A., Theo E. Notteboom, and Peter W. De Langen. "Concession Agreements and Market Entry in the Container Terminal Industry." Maritime Economics & Logistics 10, no. 3 (September 2008): 209–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/mel.2008.1.
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Beškovnik, Bojan, and Elen Twrdy. "PLANNING ORGANIZATION AND PRODUCTIVITY SIMULATION TOOL FOR MARITIME CONTAINER TERMINALS." TRANSPORT 25, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 293–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2010.36.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article describes a proposed planning organization and productivity simulation tool, with a special emphasis on orientations to the optimization of operations in a maritime container terminal. With the application of an adequate model frame for traffic and technical‐technologic forecasting, infrastructure and manpower planning and productivity simulation are possible to measure and increase the productivity in the whole subsystem of the maritime container terminal. The emphasis is mainly put on setting up planning organization in order to collect important information and consequently to raise productivity. This is the main task and goal of terminal management that must develop elements and strategies for optimal operational and financial production. An adequate planning structure must use simplified but efficient simulation tools enabling owners and management to take a vast number of adequate financial and operational decisions. Considering all important and very dynamic facts in container and shipping industry, the proposed simulation tool gives a helpful instrument for checking productivity and its time variation and monitoring a competitive position of a certain maritime terminal with the terminals from the same group. Therefore, the management of every maritime container terminal must establish an appropriate internal planning system as a mechanism for strategic decision support relating basically to the assessment of the best development and optimization solutions for the infrastructure and suprastructure of the entire system.
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BRUZZONE, AGOSTINO, FRANCESCO LONGO, LETIZIA NICOLETTI, ELEONORA BOTTANI, and ROBERTO MONTANARI. "SIMULATION, ANALYSIS AND OPTIMIZATION OF CONTAINER TERMINALS PROCESSES." International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 03, no. 04 (November 18, 2012): 1240006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793962312400065.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The freight logistics includes all the processes needed to supply industry, retailers and wholesalers and final customers with goods. Such processes generate a flow of goods that, in the global supply chain, mainly relies on the activities carried out within worldwide container terminals. In this paper, the authors present a simulation model of a real container terminal. After some preliminary analyses, the simulation model is first used with Design of Experiments and Analysis of Variance to investigate the effects of different resources allocations (i.e., number of forklifts and tractors) and some parameters (i.e., inter-arrival times, container unloading time) on the container terminal performances in terms of total number of handled containers per day. Then, based on the results achieved through the Design of Experiments and Analysis of Variance, the simulation model is used with genetic algorithms to carry out a range allocation optimization on berth assignment to incoming ships and number of tractors serving each quay crane. The aim of the optimization is the minimization of the average time spent by each ship in the port area (decreasing, as consequence, costs and increasing service level provided to final customers).
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Jianzhe, Qiao, Shou Youping, and Zhao Junjie. "Simulation Analysis on Dangerous Goods Accident in Container Terminals." E3S Web of Conferences 206 (2020): 03004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020603004.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
In general, transportation of Dangerous Goods in the port and shipping industry is mainly based on the container. This paper summarized the types of container terminal accidents, and put forward a method to select source of pollutants, and showed pollution range of typical accidents, provided the basis for the decision of management department. Taking a domestic container terminal as an example, the calculation results show that, under the premise of taking corresponding measures, the pollution range of accidents is not wide, and the risk is controllable.
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Moura, Delmo Alves de. "Analysis of industry 4.0 and their impact on port environmental management." Independent Journal of Management & Production 13, no. 5 (July 1, 2022): 1168–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.14807/ijmp.v13i5.1658.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Industry 4.0 (I4.0) is a reality in several business segments worldwide. Technologies (I4.0) collaborate to improve production processes, in manufacturing or in services. The use of these technologies in port operations for container handling can assist in environmental management and allows the service system to be sustainable. This research analyzed the use of technologies from I4.0, applied in port handling operations of containers, to verify their impact on environmental management. Some ports, of great international relevance, were searched for data collection regarding the use of I4.0 technologies and environmental management (port sustainability). These data were analyzed to understand the relationship between those technologies and sustainability in logistics operations (green operation). The focus of this study was to analyses some container terminal operations of five ports, to assess the use of I4.0 technologies and their impact, or not, on sustainable environmental management. The method of carrying out the research was the application of an online questionnaire to five Ports: Los Angeles (USA), Hamburg (Germany), Rotterdam (Netherlands), Singapore (Singapore) and Busan (South Korea) exclusively for container terminals. Public materials available on the websites of each port were also used. The questionnaire was developed by reviewing the literature on the topic (Digital Business – I4.0 and Sustainability – green operations). An online survey to collect information took place between September-2019 to June-2020, which was complemented with publicly accessible material on the internet. The collected data were treated statistically for analysis of the research information applied in the ports (mean, standard deviation, significance level, Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test, critical statistical value, correspondence analysis and relative frequency). Overall information was collected from 20 container terminals. Experts (managers and supervisors) responded the online survey.
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YAP, WEI YIM, JASMINE SIU LEE LAM, and KEVIN CULLINANE. "A THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR THE EVALUATION OF COMPETITION BETWEEN CONTAINER TERMINAL OPERATORS." Singapore Economic Review 56, no. 04 (December 2011): 535–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217590811004456.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper presents a conceptual framework for analyzing the outcomes of potential competitive strategies and their expected payoffs for container terminal operators in the container handling industry. The framework is based on the integration of Bowley's linear model of aggregate demand of product differentiation with Porter's "Diamond" model. It focuses on the number of containers handled, prices charged, and profits earned to analyze a variety of strategies that could be employed by container terminal operators to enhance their competitive position. The findings suggest that strategies to build complementary relationships and stimulate greater demand are more desirable than alternatives because they generate benefits that accrue to the entire container port cluster. Conversely, strategies that are intended to raise entry barriers, employ strategic pricing mechanisms, and/or involve collusion are found to lead to the formation of insular clusters and retard competitive advantage in the long-run.
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Wang, Wenyuan, Yong Zhou, Xiangqun Song, Guolei Tang, and Zexing Fang. "Operational impact estimation of container inspections at Dalian Port: the application of simulation." SIMULATION 93, no. 2 (November 28, 2016): 135–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0037549716680455.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
For the security of ports and the container shipping industry, a key problem for a container terminal is the planning and design of the inspection area. The main goal of this paper is to address an inspection investment planning problem for the international container terminal at Dalian Port using the simulation method. Considering various types of container ships and flexible container truck scheduling and routing, we propose a framework combining an Arena-based simulation model with a developed optimization procedure. Two components of this integrated framework realize information communication via the interface of Visual Basic for Applications. Under the potential inspection protocol, simulation experiments are designed and carried out for investigating the operational impact of container inspections for different allocations of inspection resources at the terminal, including the turnaround time of external trucks, the number of trucks waiting in the inspection area, etc. This paper includes the description of the conceptual framework, the detailed simulation model, the experimental design, and the simulation results.
Дисертації з теми "Container Terminal Industry"
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Chan, Kwok-shun Henry. "Service quality : a strategic issue for an international terminal operator in southeast Asia to maintain its leading position as the best container terminal operator in Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18003424.
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Chan, Kwok-shun Henry, and 陳國順. "Service quality: a strategic issue for an international terminal operator in southeast Asia to maintain itsleading position as the best container terminal operator in HongKong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31266964.
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Lam, Wai-chung. "The future direction of Hong Kong being the number one container port in the world, under the strategic reforms of ports in South China and in Far East countries /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B18003059.
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Lam, Wai-chung, and 林偉忠. "The future direction of Hong Kong being the number one container port in the world, under the strategic reforms of ports in South China andin Far East countries." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31267270.
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Poon, Wai Kit. "Government's role in the container terminal industry's competitiveness : case studies on Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangzhou and Shanghai." HKBU Institutional Repository, 2009. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1109.
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Cheng, Yu-Ying, and 鄭郁縈. "Applying UNISON Decision Framework to Construct the Workforce of Outsourcer Selection in Container Terminal Industry –A Case Study of Kao Ming Container Terminal Corporation." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p29rwz.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
企業管理系碩士在職專班
102
Port Container Terminal, which plays an important role in the international trade, and crucial to national economic and trade development, offer ship berthing and operating for discharging import containers and loading export ones. Terminal operation needs a large number of on-site professional and technical manpower which are currently outsourcing in most Taiwan terminals. Therefore, decision-makers must spend a lot of time to handle vendor contract issues. The purpose of the study is to construct a more scientific and objective outsourcing vendor recruiting evaluation mode, which can take all related important factors into consideration, in order to select the most appropriate outsourcing vendor. We build up a preliminary questionnaire with 32 items in quality, management, security and support aspects after we explore relevant literature on outsourcing vendor recruiting theories. Their views reach convergence consistency after we carried out two rounds of the Delphi expert questionnaire. Finally, we got twenty-nine important factors in outsourcing vendor recruiting evaluation. Moreover, we construct a scientific, systematic an outsourcing vendor recruiting model applied to container terminal industry through the procedure of UNISON Framework for Decision Analysis, including: defining the problem, rendering the target hierarchical structure, defining attributes, and using SMARTER-ROC(Simple Multi-attribute Rating Technique, extended to ranking & Rank Order Centroid Weights) to calculate the relative weights. An empirical study was conducted in the recruiting gate checker vendor. The model innovatively combining Delphi method, SMARTER-ROC with UNISON Framework for Decision Analysis, is easy to understand and operate with high practical value and good results. We also provide the present contractors working in our terminal with the outsourcing vendor recruiting important factors as their references of management, performance evaluation and job quality enhancement.
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Shu, Chiang Huan, and 江歡樹. "An Analysis of Labor Safety and Health Management for Taiwan Container Terminal Operation Industry." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/83932023814694326440.
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Chen, Cheng-Po, and 陳澄波. "A research of impact factor for IT outsourcing strategy － Case of container terminal industry in the northern of Taiwan." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/x5x8gs.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
碩士銘傳大學
資訊管理學系碩士在職專班
97
In recent years, witch the IT outsourcing market to flourish. Although, the organization may reference to the related theories and models to carry out the decision of IT outsourcing, the different industry and organization with different environment characteristics shouldn’t use the same IT outsourcing strategy. This research is to investigate the IT outsourcing strategy model of container terminals in the northern of Taiwan. We adopted the deep interview method and the Grounded theory to collect and analysis the related data. Our objective is to find out the influencing factors and the relationships between factors, then to obtain the IT outsourcing strategy mode of the container terminals industry. This study, through the open-coding and axial-coding processes of Grounded theory, has developed 34 influencing factors and 8 main dimensions. Finally, we go through the selective-coding and conceptual procedure to crystallize the internal environment, external environment, and outsourcing implementation constructs. These three constructs formed the IT outsourcing strategy model of the container terminal industry. The construct of internal environment including the economic factor, the strategy factor, the manage factor, and the technique factor. The construct of external environment including the industry impacts, the outsourcing market, and the benchmarking. The construct of outsourcing implementation includes the decision layer, the management layer, and the outsourcing level. We found that the economic factor is the most important impact factor of outsourcing strategy of container terminal industry. The outsourcing strategy for the industry is easily affected by industry impact, outsourcing market, and benchmarking of external environment. However, the management factors, and technical factors are less significant. The relationship between outsourcing strategy and the IT organizations as follows: the small and medium companies almost adopt the all or most outsourcing strategy, thereby affecting the size of IT organizations. The big companies, with the large scale IT organizations and adequate internal resources, impact the outsourcing strategy on the contrary.
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Laksmana, Teddy. "Investigating the Role of Government Support in the Resource-Process-Performance Relationship in Indonesian Container Terminal Operations: An Empirical Study." Thesis, 2019. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/41291/.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
International seaborne trade has involved seaports as vital nodes of the global supply chain. Therefore, the performance standard of container terminal within the port plays a key role in logistics cost, trade facilitation, and operational competitiveness. In this context, the availability of resources is quite strategic, and that has been extensively researched (Bichou, 2013; Cullinane & Wang, 2010; Lee, Yeo, & Thai, 2014; Sun, Yuan, Yang, Ji, & Wu, 2017, p. 584; Wanke & Barros, 2015). The resources, from RBV perspective, are referred to as valuable, rare, inimitable, and non-substitutable (VRIN) to enhance the sustained competitive advantages (Barney, 1991). Nevertheless, resources that the firm can also exploit are likely to be a conventional type, albeit they offer a temporary competitive advantage (Ray, Barney, & Muhanna, 2004). The case is valid for Indonesia container terminal operations where resources are inadequate, and performance is negatively affected.
Preceding studies have found a positive effect of resources and capabilities on firm performance (Huselid, 1995; Kuo, Lin, & Lu, 2017; Ray et al., 2004; Yang, Marlow, & Lu, 2009; Yang & Lirn, 2017). However, it is essential to note that capability and process, although used separately, this study uses them as just one construct “resourses”. As the resources are the set of assests and capabilities are the ability to successfully employ these resources to satisfy customers’ requirement (Lai, 2004), they are treated as antecedents to firm performance. The business process, on the other hand, is a routine task of processing these resources and delivers the finished products/services to the customers (Ray et al., 2004). This is central to this research that examines the influence of resources and business processes on the terminal service performance, which is under-investigated in literature.
In term of strategizing the regulation and policy for port development, the institutional environment, financial support, privatization policy and other supportive regulations are beneficial for port firms to leverage their operations in the national and international level (Dunning, 2000; Hall & Soskice, 2001; Hoskisson, Eden, Lau, & Wright, 2000; Landau, Karna, Richter, & Uhlenbruck, 2016; Lazzarini, 2015). While government policy is not a direct resource, it can play supportive role to formulate an advantage for the organization to operate in a competitive business environment. Firms can utilize government support as a source of advantage (Hall & Soskice, 2001; Landau et al., 2016). Further, government supports the development of capital goods projects that facilitate the terminal operators to complete the tasks within the terminal. Further, terminal operators are also encouraged to add firm-specific tangible and intangible resources. Therefore, this research argues for government support and terminal operators’ assets as a bundle of resources used in the terminal operations. A study combining government support, firm resources, and logistics processes within a comprehensive framework and assessing their influence on terminal service performance is considered to be understudied in the area of port research. Building on the resource-based view and institutional theory, the aim of the research is to investigate empirically the relationship between resources, processes, and performance (RPP), a newly conceptualized theoretical model in a terminal container context. The processes as the mediator in the RPP relationship is also investigated.
The study used cross-sectional survey data of 216 respondents from Indonesian container terminals. A structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to test the hypothesized relationship between resources, processes, and performance constructs in a theoretical model. Results show that container terminal resources, both sourced from government and terminal operator firms, have positive and significant effect on logistics processes that in turn have a positive effect on service performance. Also, logistics processes mediate fully the relationship between container terminal resources and service performance. Resources, however, are not found to have a direct effect on terminal service performance. A mediation analysis confirmed that logistics processes act as a full mediator of the relationship between resources and service performance.
The study offers significant theoretical and practical contributions. The theoretical framework developed to analyze the RPP relationship reveals that amalgamation of government support and firm resources is crucial to impact service performance, and this can be leveraged through configuration of logistics processes. Practically, the terminal managers need to understand that resource composition and accumulation alone cannot enhance the overall service performance. Instead, an adequate logistics process can mediate resource extraction to the optimum delivery of service performance.
Частини книг з теми "Container Terminal Industry"
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Pallis, Athanasios A., Theo E. Notteboom, and Peter W. de Langen. "Concession Agreements and Market Entry in the Container Terminal Industry." In Port Management, 195–220. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137475770_10.
Повний текст джерела
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Azmi, Nur Amalia, and Aminuddin Md Arof. "The Implication of the Container Floating Terminal on the Efficiency of Port Klang’s Terminal Operations and Domestic Freight Forwarding Industry." In Advanced Structured Materials, 167–77. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-89988-2_12.
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Schütt, Holger. "Advanced Simulation Technology in Planning, Implementation, and Operation of Container Terminals to Cope with the Varying Challenges Caused by the Shipping Industry." In Operations Research/Computer Science Interfaces Series, 31–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-39990-0_2.
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Lagoudis, Ioannis N. "Overview and Gaps in Container Terminal Industry Studies." In Maritime Logistics, 175–202. Emerald Group Publishing Limited, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/9781780523415-010.
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Marianos, Nikolaos, and Maria Lambrou. "An Integrated Methodology for the Evaluation of Electronic Port Services." In Technological Applications and Advancements in Service Science, Management, and Engineering, 242–63. IGI Global, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-1583-0.ch014.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This article introduces a formal evaluation methodology for IT investments specifically designed to cope with the needs of port industry. Port industry is a service-oriented industry and, as such, is characterised by the intangible nature of benefits. The goal of this paper is to develop a methodology for the evaluation of container terminal related electronic services that incorporates both strategic and analytic evaluation techniques for performing both ex-ante and ex-post evaluation. Port industry is an interesting case because, although it is characterised by intense competition and ports have to concentrate in satisfying the customers’ needs by proving value added services with the use of advanced information and communication technologies (ICT), it is also characterised by a lag in adopting new technologies and techniques compared to other industries. In this paper, the authors present an analysis of the industry’s specific needs and proposes a dynamic evaluation methodology specifically designed to satisfy them.
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Song, Dong-Wook, Kevin Cullinane, and Michael Roe. "The Korean Port Industry." In The Productive Efficiency of Container Terminals, 41–71. Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315237596-3.
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Broeze, Frank. "The First Revolution." In The Globalisation of the Oceans, 27–50. Liverpool University Press, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.5949/liverpool/9780973007336.003.0003.
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This chapter analyses the first two stages of the process of containerisation. The first is the early impact of the industry on the domestic trades of the United States and of Australia. The second is the impact containerisation had on liner shipping and its expansion into North Atlantic, Transpacific (United States-Japan), and Australian trade routes. The chapter argues that these two factors, occuring during the 1950s and 1960s, provided a framework for the eventual dominance of containerisation on global shipping that occured during the 1970s. The chapter ends by detailing the readying of container terminals in all major ports, and the first Japan-Europe container voyage, the 1971 embarkment of the Kamakura Maru.
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Kumar Tiwary, Bipransh, and Masrure Alam. "Extremophiles: An Overview." In Extremophiles: Diversity, Adaptation and Applications, 1–23. BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBLISHERS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/9789815080353122010005.
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Earth contains several environmental extremes which are uninhabitable for most of the living beings. But, astonishingly, in the last few decades, several organisms thriving in such extreme environments have been discovered. “Extremophiles”, meaning “Lovers of Extremities” are the entities that are especially adapted to live in such harsh environmental conditions in which other entities cannot live. The discovery of extremophiles has not only boosted the biotech industry to search for new products from them, but also made researchers to think for the existence of extra-terrestrial life. The most inhospitable environments include physical or chemical extremities, like high or low temperatures, radiation, high pressure, water scarcity, high salinity, pH extremes, and limitation of oxygen. Microorganisms have been found to live in all such environmental conditions, like hyperthermophiles and psychrophiles, acidophiles and alkaliphiles. Bacteria like Deinococcus radiodurans, which is able to withstand extreme gamma radiation, and Moritella sp., able to grow at atmospheric pressure of >1000 atm, have been reported. Environments like the Dead Sea, having saturated NaCl concentrations, hold extreme halophiles like Halobacterium salinarum. Highly acidic environments, like the Rio-Tinto River in Spain or Danakil depression in Ethiopia harbour acidophiles with growth optima of pH zero, or close to it. Bacillus alcalophilus, and Microcystis aeruginosa on the other hand inhabit natural alkaline soda lakes where pH can reach about 12.0. A number of anaerobic prokaryotes can live in complete anoxic environments by using terminal electron acceptors other than oxygen. In this chapter, we shall discuss very briefly the diversity of all extremophiles and their mechanism(s) of adaptation.
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Pasquet, Marc, Delphine Vacquez, Joan Reynaud, and Félix Cuozzo. "Contactless Payment with RFID and NFC." In Ubiquitous and Pervasive Computing, 112–20. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-960-1.ch009.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The radio frequency identification (RFID) reading technology enables the transfer, by radio, of information from electronic circuit to a reader, opened up some interesting possibilities in the area of epayment (Domdouzis, Kumar, & Anumba, 2007). Today, the near field communication technology (NFC) opens up even more horizons, because it can be used to set up communications between different electronic devices (Eckert, 2005). Contactless cards, telephones with NFC capacities, RFID tag have been developed in industry and the services (Bendavid, Fosso Wamba, & Lefebvre, 2006). They are similar, but, some major differences explain the specificity of these three applications and the corresponding markets. The label, or marker, is a small size electronic element that transmits, on request, its numerical identification to a reader. The RFID identification makes it possible to store and recover data at short distance by using these miniature markers or labels (see Figure 1) associated to the articles to identify. The cost of the label is only few centimes. An RFID system is made of labels, readers connected to a fixed network, adapted software (collection of information, integration, confidentiality...), adapted services, and management tools that allow the identification of the products through packing. Contactless smartcards (see Figure 2) contain a microprocessor that can communicate under a short distance with a reader similar to those of RFID technology (Khu-smith & Mitchell, 2002). The originality of NFC is the fact that they were conceived for the protected bilateral transmission with other systems. NFC respects the standard ISO-14443 (Bashan, 2003) and thus, can be used as a contactless card. It can be used as a contactless terminal communicating with a contactless card or another NFC phone (ISO-18092). Services available through NFC are very limited today, but many experiments are in progress and electronic ticketing experiences (subways and bus) started in Japanb. There are two types of NFC phones: The mono chip composed of only one chip for GSM services (called the SIM) and NFC services. In that case, an NFC service is dependent of the phone operator. • The dual chip shows a clear separation of the two functions within two different chips. That completely isolates the operator and allows independent NFC services… We define the technology standards, the main platforms and actors in the background section. The main trust develops some contactless payment applications, and analyses the benefits and constraints of the different solutions. The future trends section concerns the research and technology evolution in contactless payment applications.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Container Terminal Industry"
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Takahashi, Koji, Shinichi Urabe, Shuichi Umeno, Keiji Kozawa, Isao Fukuda, and Takeo Kondo. "Port Logistics Policy of Japanese Government for Strengthening Global Competitiveness of Industry in Case of Ocean Space Utilization." In ASME 2013 32nd International Conference on Ocean, Offshore and Arctic Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/omae2013-11226.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A port logistics is classified into two kinds, a container logistics and a bulk logistics. In the field of a container logistics, a terminal operator pursues large-scale management of its container terminals by global M&A corresponding to the global growth of the container handling number, which resulted in container terminal operators’ oligopolization. In the field of a bulk freight logistics, the private enterprises, which invest in and improve port equipment by themselves, are changing in the direction to reduce number of handling ports and to invest in port equipment intensively corresponding to the vigorous resource demand of the world. The economic activities of the private enterprises are progressing on the basis of the management strategy which differs between “oligopolization” of a container logistics and “selection and concentration” of a bulk freight logistics. On the other hand, since management of ports is the basis supporting a national logistics, each country of the world carries out various public participations, such as a legal support and a financial support. For example, in Japan, although ‘a port authority system’ was brought to Japan almost 60 years ago by U.S.A. and the management right of main ports were transferred to local governments from national government, Japanese government has been taking the lead in implementation of many policies to strength global competitiveness of industry reflecting the flow of global privatization and concession. Recently, many countries have been changing their public participation policies. A country has established the system which increases private investment and reduces public financial support since capital investment remaining power has decreased according to aggravation of the finances of national government and local governments. The other country has established the system which backs up logistics activity with public support. This paper, to utilize ocean space, will show a port logistics policy of Japanese government, particularly the historical flow and the prospective view of the public participation to a port logistics based on the logistics trend of the world.
2
Xu, Hongtao, Kai Yin, and YanXia Liu. "Research on export yard space allocation problem in container terminals based on multi-objective model." In 2012 2nd International Conference on Applied Robotics for the Power Industry (CARPI 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/carpi.2012.6356338.
Повний текст джерела
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Adams, Daniel, and Marie Law Adams. "Resource Industries in the Post-Industrial City." In 2016 ACSA International Conference. ACSA Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.intl.2016.43.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Resource industries are present in the post-industrial city in a mutable state, as the goods of global trade pass through as interim piles (salt, sand, and gravel), in holding tanks (petroleum), and silos (cement). The flow of resources is fundamental to urban life and shapes the urban landscape, yet engagement with this mode of industry in the city has been largely outside the realm of the design disciplines. If Reyner Banham’s Los Angeles was made legible through the mediating lens of the windshield and the rear-view mirror, then the constructed landscapes of primary resources in today’s post-industrial city are only understandable through the windshield of the front-end loader that acts as the mediator between global networks and local distribution. The material terminals that these loaders serve are not classified by permanent structures, but rather by the through put dictated by the demands of the city. This dynamic relationship of primary industry to the contemporary city is better understood through the relational terms of ecology than formal conventions of architecture. As such, the environments created by the flows of primary industry to urban centers require new modes of engagement from designers. The current architectures of such resource industries in cities- containers, sheds, fences – result from practices of use-based zoning, homeland security, and offsite mitigation, but such static structures fail to engage the dynamic dimensions of a fluid industry. In order to create a new framework, this paper analyzes the spatial and programmatic opportunities that result from re-conceiving these three regulatory conventions through an analysis of a realized project with a global marine terminal in Boston Harbor.
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Ogbunude, Basil, Aniekan Obot, Abdul-Wahab Sa'ad, Sunday Maxwell-Amgbaduba, Etta Agbor, Maryam Tafida, Onyedikachi Okereke, Jonathan Mude, and Oforiokuma Gogo. "Integrated Approach to Produced Water Disposal Management in a Brown Field: Safeguarding Production, Reducing Cost, Managing Deferment & Reducing HSSE Exposure." In SPE Nigeria Annual International Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/208235-ms.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Often, the production of oil and gas from underground reservoirs is accompanied by produced water which generally increases with time for a matured field, attributable to natural water encroachment, bottom water ingress, coning effect due to higher production rates, channeling effects, etc. This trend poses a production challenge with respect to increased OPEX cost and environmental considerations of treatment/handling and disposal of the produced water considering the late life performance characterized by low reward margins. Hence, produced water management solutions that reduce OPEX cost is key to extending the field life whilst ensuring a positive cash flow for the asset. SK field is located in the Swamp Area of the Niger Delta, with a capacity of 1.1Bcf gas plant supplying gas to a nearby LNG plant. Oil and gas production from the field is evacuated via the liquid and gas trunk lines respectively. Due to the incessant tampering with oil delivery lines and environmental impact of spillage, the condensate is spiked through the gas trunk line to the LNG plant. Largely, the water/effluent contained in the tank is evacuated through the liquid line. Based on the availability of the liquid line (ca. 40%-60%), the produced water is a constraint to gas production with estimated tank endurance time (ca. 8 days at 500MMscfd). This leads to creaming of gas production and indeed gas deferments due to produced water management, making it difficult to meet the contractual supply obligation to the LNG plant. An interim solution adopted was to barge the produced water to the oil and gas export terminal, with an associated OPEX cost of ca. US$2Mln/month. Upon further review of an alternate barging option, this option was considered too expensive, inefficient and unsustainable with inherent HSSE exposure. Therefore, a produced water re-injection project was scoped and executed as a viable alternative to produced water management. This option was supported by the Regulators as a preferred option for produced water management for the industry.
Звіти організацій з теми "Container Terminal Industry"
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Ke, Jian-yu, Fynnwin Prager, Jose Martinez, and Chris Cagle. Achieving Excellence for California’s Freight System: Developing Competitiveness and Performance Metrics; Incorporating Sustainability, Resilience, and Workforce Development. Mineta Transportation Institute, December 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.2023.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This study explores the question of whether California's freight system is staying competitive with other US regions. A novel analytical framework compares supply chain performance metrics across multiple US states and regions for seaports, airports, highways, freight rail service, and distribution centers by combining the Performance Evaluation Matrix (PEM), Competitive Position Matrix (CPM), and Business Process Management (BPM) approaches. Analysis of industry data and responses from structured interviews with 30 freight industry experts across 5 transportation sectors suggests that California's freight system is competitive for seaports, airports, and freight rail; however, highways and distribution centers have room for improvement with respect to travel time reliability and operation costs, and California should prioritize infrastructure investments here. To stay competitive with the Texas and North East regions, state investments could also expand seaport container terminals and air cargo handling facilities, improve intermodal port connections and management of flows of chassis, container trucks, empty containers to ameliorate cargo backlogs and congestion on highways, at the ports, and at warehouses. The state could also invest in inland ports, transporting goods by rail directly from seaports to the Inland Empire or Central Valley.
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Payment Systems Report - June of 2020. Banco de la República de Colombia, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32468/rept-sist-pag.eng.2020.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
With its annual Payment Systems Report, Banco de la República offers a complete overview of the infrastructure of Colombia’s financial market. Each edition of the report has four objectives: 1) to publicize a consolidated account of how the figures for payment infrastructures have evolved with respect to both financial assets and goods and services; 2) to summarize the issues that are being debated internationally and are of interest to the industry that provides payment clearing and settlement services; 3) to offer the public an explanation of the ideas and concepts behind retail-value payment processes and the trends in retail payments within the circuit of individuals and companies; and 4) to familiarize the public, the industry, and all other financial authorities with the methodological progress that has been achieved through applied research to analyze the stability of payment systems. This edition introduces changes that have been made in the structure of the report, which are intended to make it easier and more enjoyable to read. The initial sections in this edition, which is the eleventh, contain an analysis of the statistics on the evolution and performance of financial market infrastructures. These are understood as multilateral systems wherein the participating entities clear, settle and register payments, securities, derivatives and other financial assets. The large-value payment system (CUD) saw less momentum in 2019 than it did the year before, mainly because of a decline in the amount of secondary market operations for government bonds, both in cash and sell/buy-backs, which was offset by an increase in operations with collective investment funds (CIFs) and Banco de la República’s operations to increase the money supply (repos). Consequently, the Central Securities Depository (DCV) registered less activity, due to fewer negotiations on the secondary market for public debt. This trend was also observed in the private debt market, as evidenced by the decline in the average amounts cleared and settled through the Central Securities Depository of Colombia (Deceval) and in the value of operations with financial derivatives cleared and settled through the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC). Section three offers a comprehensive look at the market for retail-value payments; that is, transactions made by individuals and companies. During 2019, electronic transfers increased, and payments made with debit and credit cards continued to trend upward. In contrast, payments by check continued to decline, although the average daily value was almost four times the value of debit and credit card purchases. The same section contains the results of the fourth survey on how the use of retail-value payment instruments (for usual payments) is perceived. Conducted at the end of 2019, the main purpose of the survey was to identify the availability of these payment instruments, the public’s preferences for them, and their acceptance by merchants. It is worth noting that cash continues to be the instrument most used by the population for usual monthly payments (88.1% with respect to the number of payments and 87.4% in value). However, its use in terms of value has declined, having registered 89.6% in the 2017 survey. In turn, the level of acceptance by merchants of payment instruments other than cash is 14.1% for debit cards, 13.4% for credit cards, 8.2% for electronic transfers of funds and 1.8% for checks. The main reason for the use of cash is the absence of point-of-sale terminals at commercial establishments. Considering that the retail-payment market worldwide is influenced by constant innovation in payment services, by the modernization of clearing and settlement systems, and by the efforts of regulators to redefine the payment industry for the future, these trends are addressed in the fourth section of the report. There is an account of how innovations in technology-based financial payment services have developed, and it shows that while this topic is not new, it has evolved, particularly in terms of origin and vocation. One of the boxes that accompanies the fourth section deals with certain payment aspects of open banking and international experience in that regard, which has given the customers of a financial entity sovereignty over their data, allowing them, under transparent and secure conditions, to authorize a third party, other than their financial entity, to request information on their accounts with financial entities, thus enabling the third party to offer various financial services or initiate payments. Innovation also has sparked interest among international organizations, central banks, and research groups concerning the creation of digital currencies. Accordingly, the last box deals with the recent international debate on issuance of central bank digital currencies. In terms of the methodological progress that has been made, it is important to underscore the work that has been done on the role of central counterparties (CCPs) in mitigating liquidity and counterparty risk. The fifth section of the report offers an explanation of a document in which the work of CCPs in financial markets is analyzed and corroborated through an exercise that was built around the Central Counterparty of Colombia (CRCC) in the Colombian market for non-delivery peso-dollar forward exchange transactions, using the methodology of network topology. The results provide empirical support for the different theoretical models developed to study the effect of CCPs on financial markets. Finally, the results of research using artificial intelligence with information from the large-value payment system are presented. Based on the payments made among financial institutions in the large-value payment system, a methodology is used to compare different payment networks, as well as to determine which ones can be considered abnormal. The methodology shows signs that indicate when a network moves away from its historical trend, so it can be studied and monitored. A methodology similar to the one applied to classify images is used to make this comparison, the idea being to extract the main characteristics of the networks and use them as a parameter for comparison. Juan José Echavarría Governor