Готові списки джерел за темами / Contraction bias

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Contraction bias"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 червня 2025

Оновлено: 2 серпня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Contraction bias"

Tal-Perry, Noam, and Shlomit Yuval-Greenberg. "Contraction bias in temporal estimation." Cognition 229 (December 2022): 105234. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cognition.2022.105234.

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Huang, Yi-Ming, Ya-Ju Chang, Miao-Ju Hsu, Chia-Ling Chen, Chia-Ying Fang, and Alice May-Kuen Wong. "Errors in Force Generation and Changes in Controlling Patterns Following Agonist Muscle Fatigue." Journal of Applied Biomechanics 25, no. 4 (2009): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.25.4.293.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether agonist muscle fatigue changed the coactivation time and the co-contraction magnitude of the agonist and antagonist muscle, and if the agonist muscle fatigue produced bias (constant error: CE) and inconsistency (variable error: VE) of the force. Subjects are 10 healthy people and one person with impaired proprioception. EMG and force for fast (0.19 ± 0.06 s) and slow (1.20 ± 0.44 s) targeted isometric dorsiflexions were recorded before and after fatigue of the dorsiflexors. The results revealed that the coactivation time increased after fatigue

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Bertram, Christopher D., Charlie Macaskill, Michael J. Davis, and James E. Moore. "Consequences of intravascular lymphatic valve properties: a study of contraction timing in a multi-lymphangion model." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 310, no. 7 (2016): H847—H860. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00669.2015.

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The observed properties of valves in collecting lymphatic vessels include transmural pressure-dependent bias to the open state and hysteresis. The bias may reduce resistance to flow when the vessel is functioning as a conduit. However, lymphatic pumping implies a streamwise increase in mean pressure across each valve, suggesting that the bias is then potentially unhelpful. Lymph pumping by a model of several collecting lymphatic vessel segments (lymphangions) in series, which incorporated these properties, was investigated under conditions of adverse pressure difference while varying the refra

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Xu, Chenchen, Yen-Hwei Lin, and Karthik Durvasula. "Sonority bias in Rugao di-syllabic syllable contraction." Proceedings of the Linguistic Society of America 3, no. 1 (2018): 28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3765/plsa.v3i1.4316.

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Two analyses, vowel sonority and the linear order of pre-contraction vowels, have been proposed to account for the vowel selection between two competing vowels in Chinese syllable contraction. An experiment was run to test whether sonority and/or linear order bias the vowel selection in Rugao syllable contraction. Our results confirmed the role of vowel sonority, and did not present supporting evidence for the linear order analysis. Sonority hierarchies along the dimensions of both height and centrality exhibit the same consistent and robust pattern, providing a new perspective to look at comp

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Hammer, Barbara, and Peter Tiňo. "Recurrent Neural Networks with Small Weights Implement Definite Memory Machines." Neural Computation 15, no. 8 (2003): 1897–929. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/08997660360675080.

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Recent experimental studies indicate that recurrent neural networks initialized with “small” weights are inherently biased toward definite memory machines (Tiňno, Čerňanský, & Beňušková, 2002a, 2002b). This article establishes a theoretical counterpart: transition function of recurrent network with small weights and squashing activation function is a contraction. We prove that recurrent networks with contractive transition function can be approximated arbitrarily well on input sequences of unbounded length by a definite memory machine. Conversely, every definite memory machine can be simul

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Ahissar, Merav, Yonatan Loewenstein, and Ofri Raviv. "Dissecting the Roles of Supervised and Unsupervised Learning in Perceptual Discrimination Judgments." Journal of Neuroscience 14 (January 27, 2021): 757–65. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0757-20.2020.

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Our ability to compare sensory stimuli is a fundamental cognitive function, which is known to be affected by two biases: choice bias, which reflects a preference for a given response, and contraction bias, which reflects a tendency to perceive stimuli as similar to previous ones. To test whether both reflect supervised processes, we designed feedback protocols aimed to modify them and tested them in human participants. Choice bias was readily modifiable. However, contraction bias was not. To compare these results to those predicted from an optimal supervised process, we studied a noise-matched

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Fotios, S. A., and C. Cheal. "Evidencefor response contraction bias in side-by-side matching tasks." Lighting Research & Technology 39, no. 2 (2007): 159–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1365782807076490.

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Ashourian, Paymon, and Yonatan Loewenstein. "Bayesian Inference Underlies the Contraction Bias in Delayed Comparison Tasks." PLoS ONE 6, no. 5 (2011): e19551. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0019551.

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Lungu, Dorina, Tiago Neto, Ricardo J. Andrade, Michel W. Coppieters, Raúl Oliveira, and Sandro R. Freitas. "Immediate and short-term effects of eccentric muscle contractions on structural, morphological, mechanical, functional and physiological properties of peripheral nerves: A protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis." PLOS ONE 18, no. 7 (2023): e0289422. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289422.

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Background It is widely acknowledged that eccentric muscle contractions may cause skeletal muscle damage. However, there is little knowledge about the impact of eccentric contractions on non-muscular structures. Animal and human studies revealed that eccentric contractions can also induce immediate and short-term nerve dysfunction. The purpose of this review is to examine whether eccentric muscle contractions induce immediate and short-term effects on structural, morphological, mechanical, functional and physiological properties of peripheral nerves, from both animal and human studies. Methods

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Brokjøb, Lise Gulli, Piers L. Cornelissen, Jiří Gumančík, Kristofor McCarty, Martin J. Tovée, and Katri K. Cornelissen. "Evidence for a specific distortion in perceptual body image in eating disorders: A replication and extension." PLOS ONE 19, no. 11 (2024): e0313619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0313619.

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A core feature of eating disorders, such as anorexia nervosa, is an overestimation of body size. A key question is whether this overestimation arises solely from body image concerns typical in eating disorders, or if there is an additional perceptual disturbance. To address this question, we applied a two-component model of body size estimation that has been thoroughly replicated in the body image literature concerning healthy individuals. This model shows statistically independent, additive effects on body size estimates of: a) body image concerns, and b) a perceptual component known as contr

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Дисертації з теми "Contraction bias"

Walsh, F. A. E. "The modification of attentional bias to emotion-related words using the unilateral hand contraction method." Thesis, Coventry University, 2015. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/c33984e5-b2da-4565-b2ce-4dcc9e840ff4/1.

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Substantial evidence shows that attentional bias towards threat plays a fundamental role in anxiety and that deficits in frontal brain functioning might explain this. However, a paucity of research on anger related attentional bias leaves unanswered questions about whether similar mechanisms underpin aggression. This has led to a lack of theoretical explanations for anger related attentional bias and effective interventions to reduce anger. Electroencephalographic (EEG) evidence suggests that the hemispheric specialisation of the frontal brain predicts differential responding to emotional stim

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Lee, Myoungki. "Three essays on applied contracting." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1153714667.

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Ramani, Joseph. "Reducing the bias in contractor prequalification using Data Envelopment Analysis." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0020/MQ53379.pdf.

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Welsh, Matthew J. "Comparison of Union and Non-Union Bids on Ohio School Facilities Commission Construction Projects." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1231207723.

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LEFFLER, OSCAR, and NASSIF MANSOUR. "A Study of Energy Saving Actions in Older Buildings in Sweden." Thesis, KTH, Industriell ekonomi och organisation (Inst.), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-240673.

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Modern energy saving technologies are become increasingly mature, easier to implement and financially profitable. Both the European Union and the Swedish government have directives with goals regarding energy savings for the year 2020 and 2030. Here, making buildings more energy efficient plays a large role as around 40% of the total energy usage in Europe can be related to buildings. Constructing new, nearly zero energy houses is currently very popular, but as a vast majority of all buildings in a country like Sweden are older buildings, built before 1980, a majority of the used energy will c

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Zarro, Graziella de Oliveira Tannus. "Um comparativo entre o diálogo concorrencial e o diálogo competitivo na nova lei de licitação pública brasileira." Master's thesis, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10316/99789.

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Dissertação de Mestrado em Ciências Jurídico-Forenses apresentada à Faculdade de Direito<br>This paper aims to point out definitions and discuss the purposes of the competitive dialogue at the Portuguese and European Union levels and the Brazilian competitive dialogue provided for in the new Bidding and Administrative Contracts Law No. 14.133/2021. This new Brazilian bidding procedure is a novelty in Brazilian legislation, in which it sought much influence from European Law. In fact, this procedure is something unprecedented, because the margin of freedom offered to the Brazilian public admini

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Книги з теми "Contraction bias"

Ramani, Joseph. Reducing the bias in contractor prequalification using data envelopment analysis. National Library of Canada, 2000.

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Bederman, Nolan. Unsolicited bids for government functions. Centre for the Study of State & Market, Faculty of Law, University of Toronto, 1997.

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Jacobs, Daniel M. Building a contract: Solicitations/bids and proposals : a team effort? National Contract Management Association, 1990.

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Lewis, Harold. Bids, Tenders and Proposals. Kogan Page Publishers, 2007.

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Bux, Tobias, and Armin Lechler, eds. KOSMoS – Kollaborative Smart Contracting Plattform für digitale Wertschöpfungsnetze. VDI Verlag, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51202/9783186706027.

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Die industrielle Datenverarbeitung wandelt sich aktuell von einer firmeninternen Nutzung hin zu einer firmenübergreifenden Nutzung entlang des Wertschöpfungsnetzes. Dieser Wandel führt zu neuen Anforderungen im Umgang mit Daten. Nachvollziehbarkeit, Übertragungssicherheit sowie souveräne Datenhaltung sind nur einige dieser Anforderungen. Im Verbundprojekt KOSMoS wurden von 2019 bis 2022 Anforderungen erfasst und Lösungen entwickelt, um einen firmenübergreifenden Datenaustausch zu ermöglichen. Ergebnisse sowie deren direkte Umsetzung in drei Anwendungsfällen werden in diesem Buch ausführlich be

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Harold, Lewis. Bids, tenders and proposals: Winning business through best practice. 2015.

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Sawczuk, Basil. Creating Winning Bids. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.

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Sawczuk, Basil. Creating Winning Bids. RIBA Publications, 2019.

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Sawczuk, Basil. Creating Winning Bids. RIBA Publications, 2019.

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Creating Winning Bids. RIBA Publications, 2019.

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Частини книг з теми "Contraction bias"

Poulton, E. C. "Contraction Biases." In Bias in Quantifying Judgments. Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003428046-7.

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Radomski, Dariusz. "Do Contractions of Abdominal Muscles Bias Parameters Describing Contractile Activities of a Uterus? A Preliminary Study." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-09135-3_40.

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Terasawa, Katsuaki, James Quirk, and Keith Womer. "Turbulence, Cost Escalation and Capital Intensity Bias in Defense Contracting." In Cost Analysis Applications of Economics and Operations Research. Springer US, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-6384-2_6.

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Mekler, Philipp, and Jingshu Sun. "Pharma Tender Processes: Modeling Auction Outcomes." In Quantitative Models in Life Science Business. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-11814-2_4.

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AbstractThis chapter summarizes the overall tendering and contracting process in the pharmaceutical industry by providing an overview of the first-sealed price auction theory, auction rules, and drug pricing mechanism of different countries. Comparing procurement systems across Asia, Africa, Europe, and Latin America, the review casts light on various pharmaceutical bidding systems across the world and their impact on drug prices. Then, this review focuses on the empirical estimation of first-price auction models. In terms of model specification, we compare the two most commonly used empirical

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Chakraborty, Ranajit, and Marek Kimmel. "Statistics of microsatellite loci: estimation of mutation rate and pattern of population expansion." In Microsatellites: Evolution and Applications. Oxford University PressOxford, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198504085.003.0011.

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Abstract Applications of microsatellite loci in evolutionary studies are based on examination of the expectations of summary statistics of genetic variation at these loci, under a model for mutation and genetic drift. Usually, the single-step stepwise mutation model with unrestricted allelic states is assumed, and the effect of genetic drift is studied by assuming that the population size is constant over time. In this chapter, we illustrate the effects of relaxing both of these assumptions. We show that an expansion or contraction of population size over time leaves a signature on the genetic

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Cumming, Douglas J., and Sofia A. Johan. "Local Bias." In Venture Capital and Private Equity Contracting. Elsevier, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-409537-3.00016-5.

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Logan, Charles H. "Issues of Dependence." In Private Prisons. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195063530.003.0014.

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Abstract Critics worry that some vendors will obtain contracts by “lowballing,”that is, they will make unrealistically low bids. After the contract goes into effect, the government will gradually lose much of its capacity to resume the operation itself, and high capitalization costs will prevent new competitors from entering the field. Once the government becomes dependent on a contractor, that contractor will be free to jack up prices. Worse, the contractor may go bankrupt, leaving the government without any correctional capacity. Worst of all, contracting may devolve into exclusive franchise

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"I3 - Excitation-contraction coupling." In BIOS Instant Notes in Human Physiology. Taylor & Francis, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203002650-58.

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Bairrada, Isabelle Loureiro, Marcela Grigol Bardin, Renata Bullio Ferrari, Maria Teresa Pace do Amaral, and Míriam Raquel Diniz Zanetti. "Physical therapy treatment for pelvic floor strengthening in women after vaginal delivery: A systematic review." In INNOVATION IN HEALTH RESEARCH ADVANCING THE BOUNDARIES OF KNOWLEDGE. Seven Editora, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/innovhealthknow-053.

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Introduction: Pregnancy and vaginal birth are considered risk factors for pelvic floor dysfunction (PFD) development, as urinary incontinence (UI), fecal incontinence (FI), pelvic organ prolapse (POP) and sexual dysfunction. Pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) is a physiotherapeutic resource for PFD treatment, considered UI golden standard treatment with benefits also proven in postpartum women. Though, the lack of standardization of protocols brings gaps in scientific knowledge. Objective: To answer the question “Postpartum pelvic floor muscle training affects pelvic floor muscle strength, ur

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Raydugin, Yuri G. "A Project Delivery Subsystem (PDS)." In Modern Risk Quantification in Complex Projects. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198844334.003.0012.

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This chapter comes up with a high-level description of a project delivery subsystem (PDS) that is supposed to match the project structure subsystem (PSS). If PDS has long-term ‘chronic’ system issues that serve as causes of project risks, the static PSS–PDS mismatch is inevitable leading to internal risk amplifications of corresponding risks. Additional dynamic PSS–PDS mismatches can result from risk interactions and even from standalone unamplified project risks. Two primary PDS factors are considered: adopted project development procedures and consistency of their implementation. Procedures

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Contraction bias"

Kothera, Curt, Robert III, and Norman Wereley. "Chordwise Implementation of Pneumatic Artificial Muscles to Actuate a Trailing Edge Flap." In Vertical Flight Society 70th Annual Forum & Technology Display. The Vertical Flight Society, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4050/f-0070-2014-9646.

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This work describes the theoretical design and experimental validation of a rotorcraft-specific trailing edge flap powered by pneumatic artificial muscle (PAM) actuators. The actuators in this work are co-located outboard on the rotor blade with the flap and arranged with a chordwise orientation where diameter and length restrictions can severely limit the operating range of the system. Techniques for addressing this configuration, such as introducing a bias contraction and mechanism optimization, are discussed and a numerical optimization is performed for an actuation system sized for impleme

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Picetti, Peter. "‘Paint Your Way through Insurance’ A Discussion on Contractual Liability and Additional Insured Endorsements." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2007. SSPC, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2007-00071.

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Painting contractors are frequently forced to contractually obligate their Commercial General Liability Coverage (CGLC), onto Building Owners (BO), and/or General Contactors (GC). A typical scenario is occurs when a painting contractor bids a project and enter into contractual obligations without fully realizing what their contractual obligations are within the job they just bid and won.

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Davis, Jeff. "How to Maximize Your Profits through Various Product Estimating and Application Tips and Techniques." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2007. SSPC, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2007-00021.

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Abstract Painting contractors can maximize their profits by directly demonstrating the value in their pricing and service, looking for opportunities to increase the scope of work for each job and investing in efficient techniques that allow them to carry out more jobs. Ask any independent neighborhood contractor, “What’s the best way to make more money on brush painting projects?” and the response you receive will probably be, “Sell more jobs, keep quality and prices up, while doing all you can to prevent costs from getting out of control.” Ask a highly successful independent contractor the sa

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Davis, Jeff. "Maintenance Coats: How to Increase Your Profitability." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2007. SSPC, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2007-00020.

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Abstract Residential contractors who focus on becoming a service business can bring in ongoing revenue from existing customers through regularly scheduled maintenance coats. Every contractor should have a long-range system for tracking maintenance due dates, notifying customers and even set-up maintenance contracts to gain pre-approval of future work. By proactively contacting customers for maintenance, residential contractors are providing a valuable service while at the same time laying the groundwork for increased profitability. A contractor’s best customer is his current customer. Acquirin

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MeLampy, Michael F. "Specifications and MasterFormat™ 2004." In SSPC 2007. SSPC, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2007-00059.

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Abstract This paper will describe the fundamentals of MasterFormat™ 2004 and how its use can simplify the specification writing process. MasterFormat™ 2004 is jointly produced by the Construction Specifications Institute (CSI), and Construction Specifications Canada (CSC). Contractors, Owners and Specifiers can all benefit from the use of these guiding principals of specification development, especially when surface preparation, hazardous remediation, and coatings and linings are part of a larger overall scope of work. The coatings (sub) contractor can benefit by knowing how to find all pertin

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Jiang, Jiaqing, Jielun Chen, Norbert Schuch, and Dominik Hangleiter. "Positive Bias Makes Tensor-Network Contraction Tractable." In STOC '25: 57th Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing. ACM, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3717823.3718105.

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Vocke, Robert D., Curt S. Kothera, and Norman M. Wereley. "Mechanism and Bias Considerations for Design of a Bi-Directional Artificial Muscle Actuator." In ASME 2012 Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/smasis2012-8114.

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Pneumatic artificial muscles (PAMs), or McKibben actuators, have received considerable attention for robotic manipulators and in aerospace applications due to their similarity to natural muscles. Like natural muscles, PAMs are a purely contractile actuator, so that, in order to produce bidirectional or rotational motion, they must be arranged in an agonist/antagonist pair, which inherently limits the deflection of the system due to the high parasitic stiffness of the antagonistic PAM. This study presents two methods for increasing the performance of an antagonistic PAM system by decreasing the

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Chein, Reiyu, and Baogan Chung. "Electrokinetic Transport in Micro-Nanofluidic Systems With Sudden-Expansion and Contraction Cross Sections." In ASME 2009 Second International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnhmt2009-18120.

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In this study, electrokinetic transport in a micro-nanofluidic system is numerically investigated by solving the transient Poisson, Nernst-Planck, and Navier-Stokes equations simultaneously. The system considered is a nanochannel connected with two microchannels at its ends. Under various applied electric potential biases, the effect of concentration polarization on the fluid flow, induced pressure and electric current is examined. By comparing with the Donnan equilibrium condition and electroosmotic flow in microscale dimension, electric body force due to non-zero charge density is the mechan

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Zhang, Ketao, Chen Qiu, and Jian S. Dai. "An Origami Parallel Structure Integrated Deployable Continuum Robot." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46504.

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This paper presents a novel design for continuum robots in light of origami inspired folding techniques. The work of the present paper starts from design of a crease pattern, which consists of two triangular bases and three waterbomb bases, and folding process for creating an origami parallel structure in 3D from the crease pattern in 2D. Mapping the origami parallel structure to an equivalent kinematic model, the motion characteristics of the origami structure are unraveled in terms of kinematic principles. The analysis reveals that mixed rotational and translational motion of the origami par

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Livingston Welch, Christian. "Nickel-Titanium Shape Memory Alloy Thermal Buoyancy Engine." In SNAME Maritime Convention. SNAME, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/smc-2013-s02.

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Nitinol, a nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, was analyzed for its feasibility as a linear actuator to be used in a thermal buoyancy engine of an autonomous underwater ocean glider fueled by the temperature gradient of the ocean's thermocline. A nitinol mass suspension apparatus was fabricated to measure the displacement of an array of masses ranging from 0:5kg to 8kg as the wire was transitioned into its heated austenite phase, and then cooled back to its martensite phase, thus representing the expansion and contraction of a buoyancy engine piston under hydrostatic pressure. In validation of

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Звіти організацій з теми "Contraction bias"

Raitzer, David. User Guide for Procurement of Plant and Works (Design–Build): Standard Bidding Document. Asian Development Bank, 2024. https://doi.org/10.22617/tim240567-2.

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This document guides borrowers on how to prepare a bidding document for a single- responsibility lumpsum type of contract and how to evaluate bids and award contracts using merit point criteria. This publication provides guidance for borrowers on how to prepare a bidding document for a single-responsibility lumpsum type of Plant and Works (Design-Build) contract using FIDIC Yellow Book (2017) general terms and conditions. Borrower can use this document for procurement of Electrical and Mechanical Plant, and for Building and Engineering Works, designed by the Contractor.

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Soydemir, Gökçe, and Orestis Panagopoulos. Construction Contracting in the Zero Emission Transportation Sector: Evidence from Underrepresented Businesses. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2024.2348.

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This study investigates the degree to which underrepresented construction contractors face challenges in California's zero-emission transportation sector to devise a simpler and more efficient bonding structure. Using a survey dispersed over underrepresented businesses across the state, the study provides several suggestions for a statewide bonding program that caters to the needs of contractors. Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used in the study. The survey data are evaluated using econometric tools to analyze whether there are any statistically significant associations between c

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Author, Unknown. L52287 Pre-Construction Drillability Assessment for Horizontal Directional Drilling in Rock. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0011760.

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Construction contractors often claim extra compensation associated with horizontally directionally drilled (HDD) pipeline installations is needed when drilling in rock. These claims result from HDD contractors' allegations that rock properties experienced during construction are significantly different from the properties on which the contractors' bids were based. This report provides information and recommendations that improve exploration and testing methods for assessing the drillability of rock to be encountered on HDD pipeline installations. These improvements will lead to a better unders

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