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Статті в журналах з теми "Contrôle nano-fonctionnalisation de surface":
1
Zhang, Shuo, Qin Jiang, Yi Xu, Chuan Fei Guo, and Zhigang Wu. "Facile Fabrication of Self-Similar Hierarchical Micro-Nano Structures for Multifunctional Surfaces via Solvent-Assisted UV-Lasering." Micromachines 11, no. 7 (July 14, 2020): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11070682.
Анотація:
Cross-scale self-similar hierarchical micro–nano structures in living systems often provide unique features on surfaces and serve as inspiration sources for artificial materials or devices. For instance, a highly self-similar structure often has a higher fractal dimension and, consequently, a larger active surface area; hence, it would have a super surface performance compared to its peer. However, artificial self-similar surfaces with hierarchical micro–nano structures and their application development have not yet received enough attention. Here, by introducing solvent-assisted UV-lasering, we establish an elegant approach to fabricate self-similar hierarchical micro–nano structures on silicon. The self-similar structure exhibits a super hydrophilicity, a high light absorbance (>90%) in an ultra-broad spectrum (200–2500 nm), and an extraordinarily high efficiency in heat transfer. Through further combinations with other techniques, such surfaces can be used for capillary assembling soft electronics, surface self-cleaning, and so on. Furthermore, such an approach can be transferred to other materials with minor modifications. For instance, by doping carbon in polymer matrix, a silicone surface with hierarchical micro–nano structures can be obtained. By selectively patterning such hierarchical structures, we obtained an ultra-high sensitivity bending sensor. We believe that such a fabrication technique of self-similar hierarchical micro–nano structures may encourage researchers to deeply explore the unique features of functional surfaces with such structures and to further discover their potentials in various applications in diverse directions.
2
Ren, Yingming, and Zhiyu Zhang. "Influences of Initial Surface Conditions on Response Characteristics of Amorphous Silicon Films to Nanosecond Laser Irradiation." Micromachines 12, no. 7 (July 9, 2021): 807. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi12070807.
Анотація:
Although laser-produced micro-/nano-structures have been extensively studied, the effects of the initial surface conditions on the formed micro-/nano-structures have rarely been investigated. In this study, through nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation of unpolished and polished amorphous silicon films, entirely different surface characteristics were observed. The effects of laser irradiation parameters, such as repetition frequency, beam overlap ratio, and scanning velocity, on the surface characteristics were investigated, followed by the characterization of surface roughness, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Raman spectroscopy of the irradiated surfaces. For the unpolished surface, novel micro-protrusions were generated after laser irradiation, whereas no such micro-protrusions were formed on the polished surface. The experimental results indicated that the height of the micro-protrusions could be tuned using laser irradiation parameters and that laser irradiation promoted the crystallization of the amorphous silicon film. Moreover, the formation mechanism of the micro-protrusions was linked to fluctuations of the solid–liquid interface caused by continuous laser pulse shocks at higher repetition frequencies. The findings of this study suggest important correlations between the initial surface conditions and micro-/nano-structure formation, which may enhance our fundamental understanding of the formation of micro-/nano-structures.
3
Zhang, Xiu, Shuqi Li, Baoxing Wang, Baojin Chen, Haojie Guo, Rui Yue, and Yong Cai. "Enhanced Light Extraction Efficiency by Self-Masking Technology with Carbonized Photoresist for Light-Emitting Diodes." Micromachines 14, no. 3 (February 24, 2023): 534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14030534.
Анотація:
This work investigates a self-masking technology for roughening the surface of light-emitting diodes (LEDs). The carbonized photoresist with a naturally nano/micro-textured rough surface was used as a mask layer. After growing the Si3N4 passivation layer on LEDs, the texture pattern of the mask layer was transferred to the surface of the passivation layer via reactive ion beam (RIE) dry etching, resulting in LEDs with nano-textured surfaces. This nano-textured surface achieved by self-masking technology can alleviate the total internal reflection at the top interface and enhance light scattering, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency. As a result, the wall-plug efficiency (WPE) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of rough-surface LEDs reached 53.9% and 58.8% at 60 mA, respectively, which were improved by 10.3% and 10.5% compared to that of the flat-surface Si3N4-passivated LED. Additionally, at the same peak, both LEDs emit a wavelength of 451 nm at 350 mA. There is also almost no difference between the I–V characteristics of LEDs before and after roughening. The proposed self-masking surface roughening technology provides a strategy for LEE enhancement that is both cost-effective and compatible with conventional fabrication processes.
4
Novotny, Jakub, Petra Juskova, Rudolf Kupcik, Zuzana Bilkova, and Frantisek Foret. "Simple Fabrication of Structured Magnetic Metallic Nano-Platelets for Bio-Analytical Applications." Micromachines 10, no. 2 (February 3, 2019): 106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10020106.
Анотація:
This short communication presents a simple method of preparation of thin-metal nano-platelets utilizing metal sputtering and lift-off photolithography. The method offers complete control over size, shape and properties of nano-platelets of sub-micrometer thickness. Platelets with a thickness of 50–200 nm and with defined arbitrary shapes and sizes in the range of 15–300 μm were prepared from single or multiple metal layers by magnetron sputtering. Deposition of different metals in layers enabled fabrication of bi- or tri-metallic platelets with a magnetic core and differently composed surfaces. Highly reflective nano-platelets with a magnetic core allowed manipulation by magnetic fields, while different metallic surfaces served for functionalization by selected molecules. Submicron thin nano-platelets are extremely light (e.g., ~20 ng for a 100 μm × 100 μm × 0.1 μm gold nano-platelet) so that they can be attached to surfaces by only a few chemical bonds. At the same time their area is sufficiently large for simple optical recognition of their shape which is intended to label various characteristics depending on the specific surface functionalization of the given shape.
5
Moylan, S. P., S. Kompella, S. Chandrasekar, and T. N. Farris. "A New Approach for Studying Mechanical Properties of Thin Surface Layers Affected by Manufacturing Processes." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 125, no. 2 (April 15, 2003): 310–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1559161.
Анотація:
Nano-indentation has become an important tool in the study of mechanical properties of solids at small length scales, ever since its formulation as a technique in the early 1980s. The small size of an indentation, typically one micrometer or less in surface extent, makes it a potentially attractive tool also for the quantitative study of the characteristics of surface layers in monolithic solids. Here, we report results from a study in which nano-indentation has been combined with taper-sectioning to analyze the mechanical properties of thin surface layers affected by manufacturing processes. The so-called white etching layer (WL) produced in steel surfaces by machining and abrasion is characterized. The WL is found to have a hardness in the range of 11.5–16.2 GPa, which is significantly greater than that of untempered martensite produced by heat treatment processes. These hardness values are close to those measured on steel piano wires. The so-called “burn-layer” produced on ground surfaces of steels is found to have a hardness distribution very similar to that of a white layer, suggesting that the two layers are of the same type. Localized hardening and softening of surface layers, over spatial extents of a few micro-meters, caused by material removal processes are accurately resolved by the combined use of nano-indentation and taper-sectioning. The taper-sectioning/nano-indentation approach is also shown to be a good procedure for characterizing the hardness of PVD-TiN films deposited onto hard metal substrates.
6
Lu, Xizhao, Lei Kang, Binggong Yan, Tingping Lei, Gaofeng Zheng, Haihe Xie, Jingjing Sun, and Kaiyong Jiang. "Evolution of a Superhydrophobic H59 Brass Surface by Using Laser Texturing via Post Thermal Annealing." Micromachines 11, no. 12 (November 29, 2020): 1057. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11121057.
Анотація:
To fabricate an industrial and highly efficient super-hydrophobic brass surface, annealed H59 brass samples have here been textured by using a 1064 nm wavelength nanosecond fiber laser. The effects of different laser parameters (such as laser fluence, scanning speed, and repetition frequency), on the translation to super-hydrophobic surfaces, have been of special interest to study. As a result of these studies, hydrophobic properties, with larger water contact angles (WCA), were observed to appear faster than for samples that had not been heat-treated (after an evolution time of 4 days). This wettability transition, as well as the evolution of surface texture and nanograins, were caused by thermal annealing treatments, in combination with laser texturing. At first, the H59 brass samples were annealed in a Muffle furnace at temperatures of 350 °C, 600 °C, and 800 °C. As a result of these treatments, there were rapid formations of coarse surface morphologies, containing particles of both micro/nano-level dimensions, as well as enlarged distances between the laser-induced grooves. A large number of nanograins were formed on the brass metal surfaces, onto which an increased number of exceedingly small nanoparticles were attached. This combination of fine nanoparticles, with a scattered distribution of nanograins, created a hierarchic Lotus leaf-like morphology containing both micro-and nanostructured material (i.e., micro/nanostructured material). Furthermore, the distances between the nano-clusters and the size of nano-grains were observed, analyzed, and strongly coupled to the wettability transition time. Hence, the formation and evolution of functional groups on the brass surfaces were influenced by the micro/nanostructure formations on the surfaces. As a direct consequence, the surface energies became reduced, which affected the speed of the wettability transition—which became enhanced. The micro/nanostructures on the H59 brass surfaces were analyzed by using Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM). The chemical compositions of these surfaces were characterized by using an Energy Dispersive Analysis System (EDS). In addition to the wettability, the surface energy was thereby analyzed with respect to the different surface micro/nanostructures as well as to the roughness characteristics. This study has provided a facile method (with an experimental proof thereof) by which it is possible to construct textured H59 brass surfaces with tunable wetting behaviors. It is also expected that these results will effectively extend the industrial applications of brass material.
7
Saritas, Resul, Majed Al-Ghamdi, Taylan Memik Das, Omar Rasheed, Samed Kocer, Ahmet Gulsaran, Asif Abdullah Khan, et al. "Nano Groove and Prism-Structured Triboelectric Nanogenerators." Micromachines 14, no. 9 (August 31, 2023): 1707. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14091707.
Анотація:
Enhancing the output power of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) requires the creation of micro or nano-features on polymeric triboelectric surfaces to increase the TENGs’ effective contact area and, therefore, output power. We deploy a novel bench-top fabrication method called dynamic Scanning Probe Lithography (d-SPL) to fabricate massive arrays of uniform 1 cm long and 2.5 µm wide nano-features comprising a 600 nm deep groove (NG) and a 600 nm high triangular prism (NTP). The method creates both features simultaneously in the polymeric surface, thereby doubling the structured surface area. Six thousand pairs of NGs and NTPs were patterned on a 6×5 cm2 PMMA substrate. It was then used as a mold to structure the surface of a 200 µm thick Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) layer. We show that the output power of the nano-structured TENG is significantly more than that of a TENG using flat PDMS films, at 12.2 mW compared to 2.2 mW, under the same operating conditions (a base acceleration amplitude of 0.8 g).
8
Jahnel, Kirk, Robert Michels, Dennis Patrick Wilhelm, Tim Grunwald, and Thomas Bergs. "Investigation of Surface Integrity Induced by Ultra-Precision Grinding and Scratching of Glassy Carbon." Micromachines 14, no. 12 (December 14, 2023): 2240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi14122240.
Анотація:
Glassy carbon provides material characteristics that make it a promising candidate for use as a mould material in precision glass moulding. However, to effectively utilize glassy carbon, a thorough investigation into the machining of high-precision optical surfaces is necessary, which has not been thoroughly investigated. This research analyses the process of material removal and its resulting surface integrity through the use of nano-scratching and ultra-precision grinding. The nano-scratching process begins with ductile plastic deformation, then progresses with funnel-shaped breakouts in the contact zone, and finally concludes with brittle conchoidal breakouts when the cutting depth is increased. The influence of process factors and tool-related parameters resulting from grinding has discernible impacts on the ultimate surface roughness and topography. Enhancing the cutting speed during cross-axis kinematic grinding results in improved surface roughness. Increasing the size of diamond grains and feed rates leads to an increase in surface roughness. An achievable surface roughness of Ra < 5 nm together with ductile-regime grinding behaviour meet optical standards, which makes ultra-precision grinding a suitable process for optical surface generation.
9
Aizawa, Inohara, and Wasa. "Femtosecond Laser Micro-/Nano-Texturing of Stainless Steels for Surface Property Control." Micromachines 10, no. 8 (July 31, 2019): 512. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi10080512.
Анотація:
Surface geometry has had an influence on the surface property, in addition to the intrinsic surface energy, of materials. Many physical surface modification methods had been proposed to control the solid surface geometry for modification of surface properties. Recently, short-pulse lasers were utilized to perform nano-texturing onto metallic and polymer substrates for the improvement of surface properties. Most of the papers reported that the hydrophilic metallic surface was modified to have a higher contact angle than 120–150°. Little studies explained the relationship between surface geometry and surface properties. In the present study, the laser micro-/nano-texturing was developed to describe this surface-geometric effect on the static contact angles for pure water. Micropatterns with multi spatial frequencies are designed and synthesized into a microtexture. This tailored microtexture was utilized to prepare for computer aided machining (CAM) data to control the femtosecond laser beams. The nano-length ripples by laser induced periodic surface structuring (LIPSS) supposed onto this microtexture to form the micro-/nano-texture on the AISI304 substrate surface. Computational geometry was employed to describe this geometric profile. The fractal dimension became nearly constant by 2.26 and insensitive to increase of static contact angle (θ) for θ > 150°. Under this defined self-similarity, the micro-/nano-textured surface state was controlled to be super-hydrophobic by increasing the ratio of the highest spatial frequency in microtextures to the lowest one. This controllability of surface property on the stainless steels was supported by tailoring the wavelength and pitch of microtextures. Exposure testing was also used to evaluate the engineering durability of this micro-/nano-textured surface. Little change of the measured fractal dimension during the testing proved that this physically modified AISI304 surface had sufficient stability for its long-term usage in air.
10
Aizawa, Tatsuhiko, Tomoaki Yoshino, Yohei Suzuki, and Tadahiko Inohara. "Micro-/Nano-Texturing onto Plasma-Nitrided Tool Surface by Laser Printing for CNC Imprinting and Piercing." Micromachines 13, no. 2 (February 6, 2022): 265. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi13020265.
Анотація:
A new data transformation method for micro-manufacturing using a topological model for a micro-/nano-texture was proposed for a surface-decorated product. Femtosecond laser printing was utilized to form the micro-/nano-textures into the hardened thick layer of dies by plasma nitriding. At first, the plasma-nitrided AISI316L flat substrate was laser-printed as a punch to imprint the tailored nano-textures onto the AA1060 aluminum plate for its surface decoration with topological emblems. Second, the plasma-nitrided SKD11 cylindrical punch was laser-trimmed to form the nanostructures on its side surface. This nano-texture was imprinted onto the hole surface concurrently with piercing a circular hole into electrical steel sheet. The fully burnished surface had a shiny, metallic quality due to the nano-texturing. The plasma nitriding, the laser printing and the CNC (computer numerical control) imprinting provided a way of transforming the tailored textures on the metallic product.
Дисертації з теми "Contrôle nano-fonctionnalisation de surface":
1
Geronimi-Jourdain, Théo. "New breakthrough in plasmon-mediated surface functionalization." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UNIP7076.
Анотація:
L'assemblage de nanoparticules (NPs) couplées a suscité un grand intérêt ces dernières années, en vue d'application dans la détection de composés chimiques (molécule, explosifs, drogues,') appartenant au domaine de la spectroscopie Raman exaltée de surface (SERS) par exemple. Récemment, le couplage de structures périodiques de nanoparticules métalliques NPs a permis de mettre en avant des résonances dites résonances collectives de surface (SLR) résultant du couplage entre les modes plasmon de surface localisé et les modes de diffraction. Ces résonances se caractérisent par une largeur spectrale très fine impliquant une forte exaltation du champ électrique au voisinage des nanoparticules. Dans cette thèse, nous proposons une étude expérimentale vérifiée par le biais de modélisations par la méthode des Différences Finies dans le Domaine Temporel (FDTD), des résonances plasmoniques individuelles et collectives de surfaces supportées par des réseaux périodiques de NPs métalliques élaborés par la technique lithographie électronique. La première partie de cette thèse, mets en évidence les principales caractéristiques optiques, de la NP unique à l'assemblage de NPs en réseau périodique. Ce chapitre est illustré de quelques exemples tirés de la littérature sur l'excitation de ces plasmons de surface, pour engendrer une fonctionnalisation localisée de surface. Dans un deuxième temps, une étude approfondie sur l'amélioration des conditions de morphologie des substrats plasmoniques, en vue d'améliorer le greffage moléculaire au niveau des NPs, est présentée. Puis, nous présentons les résultats obtenus pour une méthode de greffage chimique, mise en place au laboratoire, et qui permet la visualisation directe des modes de réseau, par greffage de films moléculaires organiques dérivés de sels de diazonium, en excitant des modes SLRs. Enfin, la dernière partie porte sur l'étude des réseaux binaires de nanoparticules qui ont révélé l'émergence de deux modes plasmoniques hybrides, provenant de l'asymétrie du motif élémentaire. Nous avons ensuite mené, à l'aide de notre stratégie de greffage, une étude sur la fixation de molécules uniquement dans les zones de maximum d'exaltions des champs électriques en excitant tantôt dans le mode symétrique, tantôt, dans le mode anti-symétrique. Pendant ce doctorat, ces travaux de recherche ont permis une nette amélioration de la compréhension et du contrôle de la localisation du dépôt à l'échelle de la nanoparticule. C'est sur cette base solide qu'il est envisageable d'associer des matériaux déjà connus pour leurs propriétés optiques remarquables (NPs métalliques, boîtes quantiques 'QD), avec un polymère thermosensible (le pNIPAM), permettant un contrôle actif et réversible de l'exaltation (ou l'inhibition) de l'émission de lumière par les QDs, à l'échelle de la NP métallique. Un tel contrôle permettrait une avancée majeure des performances optiques des QDs incorporés dans des composants optiquesThe assembly of coupled nanoparticles (NPs) has aroused great interest in recent years, with a view to applications in the detection of chemical compounds (molecules, explosives, drugs,...) belonging to the field of surface exalted Raman spectroscopy (SERS) for example. Recently, the coupling of periodic structures of metallic nanoparticles NPs has allowed to highlight resonances called surface collective resonances (SLR) resulting from the coupling between localized surface plasmon modes and diffraction modes. These resonances are characterized by a very fine spectral width implying a strong exaltation of the electric field in the vicinity of the nanoparticles. In this thesis, we propose an experimental study verified by means of Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) modeling, of individual and collective plasmonic resonances of surfaces supported by periodic arrays of metallic NPs elaborated by the electron lithography technique. The first part of this thesis, highlights the main optical characteristics, from the single NP to the assembly of NPs in periodic array. This chapter is illustrated with some examples from the literature on the excitation of these surface plasmons, to generate a localized surface functionalization. In a second step, an in-depth study on the improvement of the morphology conditions of the plasmonic substrates, in order to improve the molecular grafting at the level of the NPs, is presented. Then, we present the results obtained for a chemical grafting method, implemented in the laboratory, which allows the direct visualization of lattice modes, by grafting organic molecular films derived from diazonium salts, by exciting SLRs modes. Finally, the last part deals with the study of binary arrays of nanoparticles which revealed the emergence of two hybrid plasmonic modes, originating from the asymmetry of the elementary pattern. We then carried out, with the help of our grafting strategy, a study on the attachment of molecules only in the regions of maximum exaltions of the electric fields by exciting sometimes in the symmetric mode, sometimes in the anti-symmetric mode. During this PhD, these research works have allowed a clear improvement of the understanding and control of the deposition localization at the nanoparticle scale. It is on this solid basis that it is possible to associate materials already known for their remarkable optical properties (metallic NPs, quantum dots -QDs), with a thermosensitive polymer (pNIPAM), allowing an active and reversible control of the exaltation (or inhibition) of light emission by QDs, at the scale of the metallic NP. Such a control would allow a major advance in the optical performances of QDs incorporated in optical components
2
Borella, Mathias. "Contrôle de la fonctionnalisation de surface de revêtements obtenus par PECVD à partir d'un composé organosilicié cyclique." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006INPL082N/document.
Анотація:
Ces travaux se proposent d’étudier le potentiel de la polymérisation plasma d’un composé organosilicié cyclique pour répondre aux besoins technologiques variés en fonctionnalisation de surface. Il est montré l’influence relative de paramètres opérationnels critiques sur la cinétique et les régimes de croissance du matériau. Ces paramètres régissent en grande partie la conformation du polymère plasma qui en déterminera les propriétés. Ainsi, il est possible d’obtenir des surfaces de basse énergie, 18 mJ.m-2 et de haute énergie, 68 mJ.m-2, en fonction des conditions de synthèse. Il est montré comment la nature cyclique de la conformation du polymère peut, de manière surprenante, contrôler finement les propriétés d’hystérésis de mouillage de la surface lorsque le procédé de synthèse est en régime d’oligomérisation. Enfin, l’intérêt pratique d’un tel procédé est illustré par quelques exemples applicatifs révélant le potentiel de ces matériaux, les polydiméthylsiloxanes cycliques plasmaThe aim of this work is to study the potential of plasma polymerization of a cyclic organosilicon compound to supply the various needs in surface functionnalization. Plasma polymerization kinetics and growth modes depend on critical process parameters. These parameters mainly govern the conformation of the plasma polymer which determines its bulk properties. These bulk properties influence the surface properties. Using the present process, low surface energy, 18 mJ.m-2, and high surface energy, 68 mJ.m-2, could be obtained depending on the synthesis conditions. The cyclic nature of the polymer conformation surprisingly control the wetting hysteresis properties of the surface with high accuracy when the process works in the oligomerization growth mode. Finally, the interest of such a process is illustrated with some examples of applications showing the potential of these materials, i.e. the cyclic plasma polydimethylsiloxanes
3
Menanteau, Thibaud. "Contrôle de la fonctionnalisation par réduction des sels de diazonium via le piégeage radicalaire." Thesis, Angers, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ANGE0059/document.
Анотація:
La fonctionnalisation de surface par réduction de précurseurs diazoniums est une puissante méthode de fonctionnalisation de surface. Cependant, bien que cette approche permette l’obtention de matériaux robustes, elle reste encore mal maîtrisée et conduit systématiquement à l’élaboration de films organiques épais, non reproductibles, et structurellement désorganisés. Dans ce contexte, nous avons développé une méthodologie permettant le contrôle du greffage dans le but de réaliser des matériaux organisés et reproductibles. Basée sur l’utilisation de piégeur de radicaux, cette méthode a permis l’obtention d’une monocouche sur un substrat carboné. La stratégie de contrôle a ensuite été exploitée pour bloquer sélectivement le mécanisme radicalaire et évaluer le rôle des mécanismes non-radicalaires dans le processus de greffage. Cette étude a permis une meilleure caractérisation du processus de greffage et mis en lumière l’impact du substituant du précurseur diazonium sur le processus de croissance du film organique. L’exploitation de ces connaissances a été mise à profit via la réalisation d’une plateforme monocouche multifonctionnelle. L’étude des relations structures/propriété a révélé des performances accrues en matière de transfert électronique et d’électro catalyse. Pour finir, la transposition de la méthode de contrôle à un greffage de type spontané a fourni un résultat similaire à celui observé pour le greffage électro-induit. L’approche a été validée par l’optimisation des performances d’un super condensateur réalisé à base de matériaux carbonés dispersésThe surface functionalization by diazonium salt reduction is a powerful grafting method. However, despite that this approach allows the preparation of robust materials, it leads to thick and unorganized organic films. In this context, we have developped a method allowing the grafting control in order to obtain films having controlled thickness. Based on the use of radical scavengers, this method gives access to monolayer formations on carbon substrates. The control strategy was then exploited to selectively block the radical grafting mechanism and allows to assess the role of non-radical mechanisms in the process. This study provided a better understanding of the layer growth, highlighting the impact of precursor substituent.This knowledge has been used to elaborate a multifunctional platform monolayer. The establishment of sutructure/properties relathionships revealed better performances for electronic transfert and electrocatalysis. Finally, the control method was transposed to the spontaneous grafting and gives similar results than those obtained for the electrochemical one. This approach was validated by the performance optimization of supercapacitor made of carbon powder
4
Alloul, Haytham. "Surfaces moléculaires hétérogènes : un outil vers le control [i.e. contrôle] du mouillage et des morphologies d'auto-assemblage de nano objets." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LORR0353/document.
Анотація:
La connaissance des interactions interfaciales et l'énergie de surface est nécessaire pour étudier et modéliser les processus qui se déroulent dans le mouillage, l'adhésion ou la diffusion. Tels phénomènes sont rencontrés dans la préparation des suspensions, des émulsions et les peintures. Dans ce contexte, l'énergie de surface représente un paramètre important dans l'étude des propriétés interfaciales solide/liquide où plusieurs applications sont impliquées. Nous avons étudié l'effet de la modification chimique sur l'énergie de surface de deux silices choisies selon deux différentes échelles: l'OX qui présente un substrat nanométrique et les wafers de silicium qui est un substrat millimétrique. Pour la silice OX 50, La modification chimique de la surface a été réalisée avec l'hexadecyltrichlosilane (HTS) à caractère hydrophobe. L'infrarouge en transmission et la quantification de carbone organique ont été efficaces pour estimer les quantités croissantes d'HTS greffées à la surface de la silice. Deux isothermes d'adsorption ont été tracées. Ensuite, la volumétrie d'adsorption continue d'argon et d'azote a été utilisée pour étudier l'évolution de l'hétérogénéité énergétique. Ceci a été achevé en faisant recours à une stratégie d'analyse de volume adsorbée à la monocouche (Vm) d'azote et d'argon. Les résultats obtenus ont servi pour tracer une troisième isotherme d'adsorption. La quantification de l'énergie de surface a été réalisée avec la montée capillaire (technique macroscopique) et la chromatographie gazeuse en phase inverse (CGI) (technique moléculaire). Pour les wafers de silicium, deux types de surfaces ont été élaborées durant cette étude. Le premier hydrophile (traitement Piranha, formations des groupements OH). Cette surface a été obtenue par oxydation de ces wafers (traitement Piranha). La deuxième a été obtenue par le greffage d'HTS (greffons CH3). La quantification de l'énergie de surface a été réalisée avec la mouillabilité (technique macroscopique) et la microscopie à force atomique (AFM) (technique nanoscopique). Enfin, les différentes valeurs d?énergie de surface de la silice vierge OX 50 ont été comparées avec celles de la surface plane hydrophile (OH). Pour les surfaces hydrophobes, on a comparé les valeurs d?énergie de surface de la silice OX 50 modifiée d'une quantité maximale d?HTS avec le wafer de silicium à greffons CH3The knowledge about interfacial free energy interactions and surface energy is necessary for understanding and modeling many surface and interface processes. The investigation of the surface properties of solids is very important in several applications such as wetting, spreading and adhesion processes. Such processes occur during the preparation of suspensions, emulsions, painting, printing and corrosion protection. Knowledge about surface free energy of solids appears as a very important parameter determining the interfacial properties in solid/liquid and solid/gas interfaces where many implementations are involved. We have studied the effect of the chemical modification on surface energy for two types of silica: Aerosil OX 50 is chosen as a nanometric substrate and the wafers of silicium chosen as micrometric substrate. For silica OX 50, the chemical modification was carried out using the hydrophobic hexadecyltrichlorosilane (HTS). Transmission infrared and the quantification of organic carbon were helpful in the estimation of increasing quantities of HTS grafted to the surface. Two adsorption isotherms were drawn. Then, continuous adsorption isotherm of argon and nitrogen was used to study the evolution of energetic heterogeneity in the course of the chemical reaction. This was achieved by applying an analysis strategy of the monolayer volume (Vm) of adsorbed argon and nitrogen. Results enabled the drawing of a third adsorption isotherm. The quantification of surface energy for various samples was realize using capillary rise (macroscopic technique) and inverse gas chromatography (IGC) (molecular technique). For silicon wafers, two types of surfaces were elaborated in this study. The first hydrophilic (OH grafting), was obtained by oxidation of silicon wafers (Piranha treatment), the second hydrophobic (CH3 grafting), was obtained by grafting HTS molecules to the surface. The quantification of the surface free energy was achieved using the wettability (macroscopic technique) and the atomic force microscopy (AFM) (nanoscopic technique). Finally the different values of surface free energy obtained for native silica are compared to those of hydrophilic (OH) flat surfaces. As for hydrophobic surfaces, the silica OX 50 modified with maximum quantity of HTS is compared to Hydrophobic (CH3) flat surfaces
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Baudrion, Anne-Laure. "Conception, réalisation et caractérisation de cristaux plasmoniques : application au contrôle de la propagation d’ondes optiques de surface." Dijon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DIJOS031.
Анотація:
Un cristal plasmonique consiste en un film métallique structuré périodiquement. Les cristaux plasmoniques uni- et bidimensionnels étudiés dans cette étude sont fabriqués par lithographie par faisceau d’électrons et caractérisés par microscopie de champ proche (PSTM). Dans le cas unidimensionnel, des miroirs de Bragg plasmoniques sont intégrés à un film métallique ainsi qu’à un ruban métallique permettant la déflexion à 90° de la direction de propagation du plasmon de surface. Dans le cas bidimensionnel, un réseau de plots d’or déposé sur un film métallique est étudié pour deux directions d’incidence du plasmon. L’existence de bandes interdites photoniques est mise en évidence et l’influence du facteur de remplissage sur ces dernières est étudié. Le confinement et le guidage du plasmon de surface dans un canal ouvert dans ce cristal est expliqué pour les deux directions d’incidence et l’étude du guidage le long d’un canal présentant un virage est ensuite réaliséeA periodic modulation of a metallic film which sustains a surface plasmon polariton (SPP) is called a plasmonic crystal (PC). In this work, one and two dimensional PC are fabricated by electron beam lithography and characterized by Photon Scanning Tunneling Microscope. In the one dimensional case, Plasmonic Bragg Mirrors (PBM) are added first to a metallic film and then to a metallic stripe allowing the deflexion of the SPP propagation with a angle of 90°. In the two dimensional case, a triangular lattice of gold bumps is deposited on a metallic film. The interaction of this PC with the SPP is studied for two different incident propagation axes. The photonic band gap effect and the influence of the filling factor are characterized. The guiding mechanisms of the SPP in channel defects opened in PC are explained by means of Ewald constructions and the SPP propagation in channels including bends is observed
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Potier, Victor. "Contrôle de l'adhésion d'acide polylactique imprimé sur différents substrats textiles." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI137.
Анотація:
Le but de cette thèse est d’étudier et d’améliorer l’adhésion d’impression directe par fusion de fil (FDM) d’acide polylactique (PLA) sur plusieurs types de substrats textiles qui diffèrent par leurs contextures et leurs matières. L’étude de l’adhésion a été effectuée grâce à l’étude des caractéristiques physico-chimique des substrats textiles et du PLA (DSC, ATG, rhéologie, mesure d’angle de contact) et également à l’étude de l’interface PLA/textiles (essai de pelage et étude MEB de l’interface). Dans la première partie l’influence de la nature chimique, de l’architecture des textiles ainsi que des paramètres d’impressions a été effectué. La seconde partie est consacrée aux voies d’amélioration de l’adhésion entre substrats textile et la PLA. Par plus particulièrement fonctionnalisation de la viscose (acétylation et greffage d’un aminosilane) et finalement par modification du PLA (greffage d’anhydride maléique et mélange avec un liquide ionique)The Aim of this thesis is to characterize adhesion between PLA FDM-3D printed pattern and several type of textile (different chemical nature and different weave or knit pattern). The characterization has been performed thanks to physical and chemical analysis of both PLA and textiles material (DSC, TGA, rheology, contact angle measurement) and study of the interface (peeling test and SEM analysis). In the first part of this thesis, influence of the chemical, structural nature of textiles and influence of the processing parameters has been detailed. Second part focus on way of enhancing adhesion between PLA and viscose textile via acetylation and aminosilane grafting. Last part is dedicated to functionalization of PLA via grafting of anhydride maleic and blending with a ionic liquid. Use of the grafted PLA has proven to be an efficient way of enhancing the adhesion between PLA and viscose and silk-based textiles
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Realista, Coelho Dos Santos Pedrosa Catarina. "Nanotopographies bioactives pour le contrôle de la différenciation des cellules souches mésenchymateuses pour des applications en ingénierie de tissu osseux." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BORD0319/document.
Анотація:
Les nanotopographies de surface présentant des dimensions comparables à celles des éléments de la matrice extracellulaire offrent la possibilité de réguler le comportement cellulaire. L’étude de l’impact de la nanotopographie sur la réponse cellulaire a été toujours limitée compte tenu des précisions limitées sur les géométries produites, en particulier sur les plus grandes surfaces. Des matériaux base silicium présentant des nanopiliers avec des géométries parfaitement contrôlées ont été fabriqués et leur impact sur la différentiation ostéogénique de cellules souches mésenchymateuses humaines (hMCSs) a été étudié. Des matériaux avec des nanopiliers de dimensions critiques comprises entre 40 et 200 nm et des écarts types inférieurs à 15% sur un wafer de silicium, ont été réalisés en profitant de la capacité d’auto-assemblage des copolymères à blocs. Pour mettre en évidence si des modifications de la chimie de la surface des nanopiliers pourraient favoriser la différenciation des MSCs, des peptides mimétiques ont été greffés sur les matériaux fabriqués. Un peptide connu pour sa capacité d’améliorer l'adhésion cellulaire (peptide RGD), un peptide synthétique capable d'améliorer l'ostéogenèse (peptide mimétique BMP-2) et une combinaison de ces deux peptides ont été immobilisés de manière covalente sur les matériaux silicium présentant des nanopiliers de différentes géométries (diamètre, espacement et hauteur).Les essais d'immunofluorescence et de réaction en chaîne de la polymérase quantitative (RT-qPCR) révèlent un impact des nanotopographies sur la différenciation ostéogénique des hMSCs. De plus, il a été constaté que la différenciation des cellules dépendait de l'âge du donneur. La fonctionnalisation de surface a permis une augmentation supplémentaire de l'expression des marqueurs ostéogéniques, en particulier lorsque le peptide RGD et le peptide mimétique BMP-2 sont co-immobilisés en surface. Cette étude met clairement en évidence l’impact de nanostructures avec différentes bioactivités sur la différentiation de MSCs. Ces matériaux pourront trouver leur place dans des cultures in vitro, dans l’élaboration de nouveaux biomatériaux osseux et dans de nouveaux produits d’ingénierie tissulaireNanotopography with length scales of the order of extracellular matrix elements offers the possibility of regulating cell behavior. Investigation of the impact of nanotopography on cell response has been limited by inability to precisely control geometries, especially at high spatial resolutions, and across practically large areas. This work allowed the fabrication of well-controlled and periodic nanopillar arrays of silicon to investigate their impact on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs). Silicon nanopillar arrays with critical dimensions in the range of 40-200 nm, exhibiting standard deviations below 15% across full wafers were realized using self-assembly of block copolymer colloids. To investigate if modifications of surface chemistry could further improve the modulation of hMSC differentiation, mimetic peptides were grafted on the fabricated nanoarrays. A peptide known for its ability to ameliorate cell adhesion (RGD peptide), a synthetic peptide able to enhance osteogenesis (BMP-2 mimetic peptide), and a combination or both molecules were covalently grafted on the nanostructures.Immunofluorescence and quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) measurements reveal clear dependence of osteogenic differentiation of hMSCs on the diameter and periodicity of the arrays. Moreover, the differentiation of hMSCs was found to be dependent on the age of the donor. Surface functionalization allowed additional enhancement of the expression of osteogenic markers, in particular when RGD peptide and BMP-2 mimetic peptide were co-immobilized. These findings can contribute for the development of personalized treatments of bone diseases, namely novel implant nanostructuring depending on patient age
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Wang, Mengjia. "Spin-orbit interactions for steering Bloch surface waves with the optical magnetic field and for locally controlling light polarization by swirling surface plasmons." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019UBFCD013/document.
Анотація:
Ma thèse est consacrée aux nouveaux phénomènes nano-optiques et aux dispositifs basés sur l'interaction spin-orbite de la lumière (SOI). Tout d'abord, il a été démontré un SOI uniquement piloté par le champ magnétique de la lumière permettant de diriger avec précision les ondes de surface de Bloch, offrant ainsi une nouvelle manifestation du champ magnétique optique. Ensuite, nous avons proposé et démontré le concept de nano-antenne plasmonique hélicoïdale à ondes progressives (TW-HPA), c’est-à-dire un fil hélicoïdal en or étroit alimenté optiquement par une nano-antenne dipolaire dans une configuration « end-firing ». Une telle nano-antenne a été démontrée comme la première optique de polarisation sublongueur d’onde. L’agencement de TW-HPAs à l’échelle de quelques microns a permis de convertir « à la carte » un faisceau polarisé linéairement en une distribution de faisceaux directifs présentant des polarisations différentes définies de façon déterministe par la géométrie et les dimensions des nano-antennes. Par le biais d’un couplage en champ proche de quatre nano-antennes à hélicités opposées, nous avons obtenus une optique sublongueur d’onde permettant un degré de liberté dans le contrôle de la polarisation qui est interdit avec les composants et méthodes classiques basées sur l’exploitation de matériaux biréfringents ou dichroïques, ou de métamatériaux imitant ces propriétésMy thesis is devoted to novel nano-optical phenomena and devices based on spin-orbit interaction (SOI) of light. First, magnetic spin-locking, i.e., an SOI solely driven by the magnetic field of light, is demonstrated with Bloch surface waves. It provides a new manifestation of the magnetic light field. Then, we propose and demonstrate the concept of traveling-wave plasmonic helical antenna (TW-HPA), consisting of a narrow helical gold-coated wire non-radiatively fed with a dipolar nano-antenna. By swirling surface plasmons, the TW-HPA combines subwavelength illumination and polarization transformation. The TW-HPA is demonstrated to radiate on the subwavelength scale almost perfectly circularly polarized optical waves upon illumination with linearly polarized light. With this subwavelength plasmonic antenna, we developed strongly integrated arrays of point-light emissions of opposite handedness and tunable intensities. Finally, by coupling two couples of TW-HPAs of opposite handedness, we obtained new polarization properties so far unattainable
9
Brugnara, Andrea. "Contrôle cavitaire de la réactivité redox d'un ion métallique (Cu) dans un environnement biomimétique." Thesis, Paris 5, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA05P625/document.
Анотація:
La molécule X6TMPA, constituée d’une unité TMPA (tris(2-pyridylméthyl)amine) greffée de façon covalente à trois des six unités aromatiques du calix[6]arène, permet de coordiner et stabiliser un ion cuivre (Cu+ et Cu2+) dans un environnement mononucléaire. Ces composés possèdent des propriétés uniques en chimie hôte-invité ainsi qu’en réactivité redox. De tels systèmes présentent cependant des limitations car : – le macrocycle et les complexes métalliques associés ne sont solubles qu’en milieu organique ; – le complexe cuivreux obtenu avec un tel macrocycle n’est réactif vis-à-vis de l’oxygène qu’à l’état solide. Le présent travail de thèse décrit les modifications introduites dans la structure du composé X6TMPA pour faire face à ces restrictions, détaillant ainsi les études conduites afin d’évaluer l’impact des modifications sur les propriétés des molécules résultantes. Le chapitre 2 présente la stratégie synthétique de « trifonctionnalisation » du grand col du macrocycle. Elle a été employée pour l’introduction de groupements hydrophiles, qui rendent le calix[6]arène et les complexes métalliques associés solubles en milieu aqueux. Des études de reconnaissance moléculaire en solution aqueuse ont été ainsi menées. Une propriété très remarquable en chimie hôte-invité est la forte affinité du complexe cuivrique pour l’anion fluorure en milieu aqueux. Le chapitre 3 présente la stratégie synthétique de « hexafonctionnalisation » du grand col du macrocycle. Elle a permis d’obtenir des composés qui ont été utilisés pour des applications telles que l’immobilisation sur surface et la réaction de monoclick. Le chapitre 4 présente la stratégie synthétique de « trifonctionnalisation » du petit col du macrocycle. Elle a permis d’obtenir des systèmes réactifs en solution, notamment un composé contenant trois unités phénol qui donne un radical stable à température ambiante ainsi qu’un composé contenant trois unités quinone dans lequel la cavité est devenue une unité redox-active. Ainsi, des études concernant les macrocycles et leurs complexes monométalliques à base de Zn2+, Cu+ et Cu2+ sont exposées et discutéesThe X6TMPA molecule is composed by a tris(2-pyridylmethyl)amine (TMPA) cap covalently linked to the small rim of the calix[6]arene. This compound can coordinate and stabilize a Cu(I)/Cu(II) ion in a mononuclear environment. These compounds possess unique properties in host-guest and redox chemistry.This PhD thesis work describes some synthetic strategies employed in order to modify the scaffold of the macrocycle, either at the large or the small rim. Moreover, the studies conducted in order to evaluate the impact of each structural modification on the reactivity of the resulting system are detailed. Chapter 2 describes the “large rim tri-functionalization” strategy. It has been employed to introduce three hydrophilic moieties on the calix[6]arene unit. These groups enable the water-solubilization of the molecule, as well as the Cu(I)/Cu(II) monometallic complexes. For these systems, host-guest chemistry in aqueous media has been explored: a remarkable property is the high affinity of the cupric complex for fluoride anion. Chapter 3 describes the “large rim hexa-functionalization” strategy. The obtained compounds have been employed for novel applications, as surface functionalization or “monoclick” reaction. Chapter 4 describes the “small rim tri-functionalization” strategy. The obtained compounds are reactive in solution. A phenol-containing macrocycle, that gives a stable radical species at room temperature, and a quinone-containing macrocycle, in which the calix[6]arene moiety is a redox-active unit, are presented. Moreover, the reactivity of the monometallic complexes (Zinc, Copper) has been explored and discussed
10
Itawi, Ahmad. "Dispositifs photoniques hybrides sur Silicium comportant des guides nano-structurés : conception, fabrication et caractérisation." Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112363/document.
Анотація:
Le contexte de cette thèse couvre les dispositifs photoniques hybrides III-V sur silicium. L’étude porte sur l’intégration par collage de matériau à base d'InP sur le silicium, puis la conception d’un guide optique comportant une nanostructuration qui permettra la sélection en longueur d’onde dans un laser DFB hybride. Enfin, on étudie les étapes technologiques de fabrication d’un laser hybride injecté électriquement fonctionnant dans le domaine spectral 1.55µm, et on caractérise les dispositifs. Pour associer les matériaux III-V sur Si, nous avons développé le collage sans couche intermédiaire que l’on nomme collage hétéroépitaxial ou oxide-free. Ce collage est reporté dans la littérature comme présentant une meilleure qualité électrique. Nous avons établi les conditions de préparation permettant d’obtenir des surfaces parfaitement désoxydées, et les conditions de recuit conduisant à une interface hybride sans oxyde et sans dislocation. Mais ce recuit est réalisé à température assez élevée (~450-500°C). Nous avons alors développé le collage avec une fine couche intermédiaire d’oxyde réalisé à plus faible température -300°C- qui présente l'avantage d'être compatible avec la technologie CMOS. Nous avons étudié différentes approches pour élaborer et activer une couche d’oxyde très fine (~3nm), de façon à obtenir une surface collée sans zones localement non collées. Le collage est dans les deux cas réalisé sous vide dans un équipement de type Bonder Suss SB6e. La qualité structurale de l’interface a été observée par STEM et la qualité mécanique du joint de collage a été caractérisée par indentation. Une méthode originale de mesure quantitative et locale de l’énergie du joint de collage a été développée. La qualité optique des couches collées a été étudiée par la mesure de la photoluminescence de puits quantiques placés proches du joint d’interface. En conséquence du collage sans couche intermédiaire ou avec une couche très fine, le design du mode optique est de type double-cœur, qui ne nécessite pas de taper. Le guide optique Si est de type shallow ridge, le confinement latéral étant assuré par un matériau nanostructuré à une période sub-longueur d’onde. Ce matériau fonctionne comme un matériau effectif uniaxe pour lequel on a calculé les indices optiques ordinaire et extraordinaire selon la géométrie de la nanostructuration. On peut rajouter sur cette nanostructuration une super-périodicité qui conduit à un fonctionnement sélectif en longueur d’onde. Le comportement modal du guide est simulé à l'aide du logiciel COMSOL Multiphysics, le comportement spectral est simulé par FTDT 3D. Nous avons validé la pertinence de ce design en mesurant la transmission de guides hybrides. Ce design sera inclus dans un laser et permettra d’obtenir une émission monofréquence de type DFB. Nous avons développé les étapes technologiques nécessaires à la fabrication d’un laser hybride à base d'InP sur Silicium fonctionnant en injection électrique. Nous avons mis en oeuvre de nombreuses techniques, et développé plusieurs procédés spécifiques, en particulier, des procédés de gravure sèche de type Inductive Coupled Plasma Reactive Ion Etching ICP-RIE pour la gravure de la nanostructuration dans le silicium, et pour la gravure du mésa du laser. La présence des 2 matériaux III-V et Si dans le dispositif hybride rend ces étapes complexes. Les premiers résultats peuvent être améliorés en optimisant la technologie des contacts. Un design permettant de s’affranchir de la pénalité thermique présenté par tous les dispositifs ayant les 2 contacts électriques du coté du matériau III-V a été proposé, exploitant le passage du courant à l’interface hybride III-V / Si, ce qui est possible dans le cas du collage oxide-free. Cette approche ouvre des perspectives d’intégration au-delà de la photoniqueThis work contributes to the general context of III-V materials on Silicon hybrid devices for optical integrated functions, mainly emission/amplification at 1.55µm. Devices are considered for operation under electrical injection, reaching performances relevant for data transfer application. The main three contributions of this work concern: (i) bonding InP-based materials on Si, (ii) nanostructuration of the Si guiding layer for spatial and spectral control of the guided mode and (iii) technology of an hybrid electrically injected laser, with a special attention to the thermal budget. Bonding has been investigated following two approaches. The first one we call heterohepitaxial or oxide-free bonding, is performed without any intermediate layer at a temperature ~450°C. This approach has the great advantage allowing electrical transport across the interface, as reported in the literature. We have developed oxide-free surface preparation for both materials, mainly InP-based layers, and established bonding parameter processing. An in-depth STEM and RX structural characterization has demonstrated an oxide-free reconstructed interface without any dislocation except on one or two atomic layers which accommodate the large lattice mismatch (8.1%) between InP and Si. Photoluminescence of quantum wells intentionally grown close to the interface has shown no degradation. We have also developed an oxide-based bonding process operated at 300°C in order to be compatible with CMOS processing. The original ozone activation of the very thin (~5nm) oxide layer we have proposed demonstrates a bonding surface without any unbonded area due to degassing under annealing. We have developed an original method based on nanoindentation characterization in order to obtain a quantitative and local value of the surface bonding energy. Related to the absence or to the very thin intermediate layer between the two materials, our modal design is based on a double core structure, where most of the optical mode is confined in the Si guiding layer, and no taper is required. The Si waveguide on top of the SOI stack is a shallow ridge. A nanostructured material on both sides of the waveguide core ensures the lateral confinement, the nanostructuration geometry being at a sub-wavelength period in order to operate this material well below its photonic gap. It behaves as an uniaxial material with ordinary and extraordinary indices calculated according to the structuration geometry. Such a structuration allows modal and spectral control of the guided mode. 3D modal and spectral simulation have been performed. We have demonstrated, on a double-period structuration, a wavelength selective operation of hybrid optical waveguides. Such a double-period geometry could be included in a laser design for DFB operation. This nanostructuration has larger potential application such as coupled waveguides arrays or selective resonators. We have developed all the technological processing steps for an electrically injected hybrid laser fabrication. Main developments concern dry etching, performed with the Inductive Coupled Plasma Reactive Ion Etching ICP-RIE technique of both the nanostructuration of the Silicon material, and the mesa of the hybrid laser. Efficient electrical contacts fabrication is also a complex step. First lasers operating performances could be improved. We have investigated a specific design in order to overcome the thermal penalty encountered by all the hybrid devices. This penalty is due to the thick buried oxide layer of the SOI stack that prevents heating related to the current flow to be dissipated. Taking advantage of the electrical transport we have shown at the oxide-free interface, we propose a design where the n-contact is defined on the guiding Si layer, suppressing thermal heating under electrical operation. Such an approach is very promising for densely packed hybrid devices integrated with associated electronic driving elements on Si
Частини книг з теми "Contrôle nano-fonctionnalisation de surface":
1
Buchberger, Gerda, Martina Muck, Cristina Plamadeala, and Johannes Heitz. "Laser Structuring for Biomedical Applications." In Springer Series in Optical Sciences, 1105–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-14752-4_31.
Анотація:
AbstractLaser structuring enables modification of sample topography, surface chemistry, and/or physical properties of materials. Examples of these processes are ripple, nap or wall formation, surface oxidation, induction of polymerization reactions, or changes in crystallinity or contact angle. These – most of the time – interrelated modifications are exploited widely for biomedical applications. They range from cell-repellent surfaces for easy-to-replace cardiac pacemakers, control of cell proliferation required in regenerative medicine, to increased cell adhesion for cell arrays. Furthermore, ns-laser-induced nanoripples were used for formation of gold nanowires for future surface plasmon resonance sensors directly integrated into biotechnological devices. Additive nano- and microscale manufacturing by two-photon polymerization allows for considerable progress in cell scaffold formation, paving the path for in vitro–grown organs, bones, and cartilages. The very same fs-laser-based technique was also used for biomimetic microneedles with enhanced liquid spreading on their surface. Microneedles are promising candidates for low-cost, high-throughput drug delivery and vaccination applicable even by nonmedically trained personnel. Microfluidic systems fabricated by fs-lasers have enabled progress in 3D microscopy of single cells and in studies on thrombocyte activation with the help of nanoanchors. Explicating the abovementioned and further biomedical applications, the authors put special focus on the achieved limits pointing out what scientists have accomplished so far in their pursuit of extreme scales.
2
Koona, Ramji, Ganesh Kumar, and S. Ranganath. "Optimization of Surface Damping Treatments for Vibration Control of Marine Structure." In Experimental Analysis of Nano and Engineering Materials and Structures, 747–48. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6239-1_371.
3
Callow, James A., and Maureen E. Callow. "Nano- and Micro-Structured Polymer Surfaces for the Control of Marine Biofouling." In Generating Micro- and Nanopatterns on Polymeric Materials, 303–18. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527633449.ch14.
4
Gupta, Sandeep, and Laxmidhar Behera. "Neural Network-Based Motion Control Algorithm for Perching Nano-Quadrotor on Outdoor Vertical Surface." In Proceedings of International Conference on Computational Intelligence, 15–26. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-2126-1_2.
5
Tsunekane, Masafumi, Kyosuke Yoshimi, and Kouichi Maruyama. "Attempt to Control Spatial Distribution of Nano-Gold Particles Using Nanoporous Surfaces of FeAl Single Crystal." In Advanced Materials Research, 185–88. Stafa: Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-463-4.185.
6
Elvevold, Kjetil, Ingelin Kyrrestad, and Bård Smedsrød. "Protocol for Isolation and Culture of Mouse Hepatocytes (HCs), Kupffer Cells (KCs), and Liver Sinusoidal Endothelial Cells (LSECs) in Analyses of Hepatic Drug Distribution." In Methods in Molecular Biology, 385–402. New York, NY: Springer US, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-2010-6_27.
Анотація:
AbstractDevelopment of the new generation of drugs (e.g., oligo- and polynucleotides administered intravascularly either as free compounds or as nano-formulations) frequently encounters major challenges such as lack of control of targeting and/or delivery. Uncontrolled or unwanted clearance by the liver is a well-known and particularly important hurdle in this respect. Hence, reliable techniques are needed to identify the type(s) of liver cells, receptors, and metabolic mechanisms that are responsible for unwanted clearance of these compounds.We describe here a method for the isolation and culture of the major cell types from mouseliver: hepatocytes (HCs), Kupffer cells (KCs), and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). The presently described protocol employs perfusion of the liver with a collagenase-based enzyme preparation to effectively transform the intact liver to a single cell suspension. From this initial cell suspension HCs are isolated by specified centrifugation schemes, yielding highly pure HC preparations, and KCs and LSECs are isolated by employing magnetic-activated cell sorting (MACS). The MACS protocol makes use of magnetic microbeads conjugated with specific antibodies that bind unique surface antigens on either KCs or LSECs. In this way the two cell types are specifically and separately pulled out of the initial liver cell suspension by applying a magnetic field, resulting in high purity, yield, and viability of the two cell types, allowing functional studies of the cells.If the drug compound in question is to be studied with respect to liver cell distribution of intravascularly administered drug compounds the isolated cells can be analyzed directly after isolation. Detailed studies of receptor-ligand interactions and/or dynamics of intracellular metabolism of the compound can be conducted in primary surface cultures of HCs, LSECs, and KCs established by seeding the isolated cells on specified growth substrates.
7
Hale, Robert C., Meredith E. Seeley, Ashley E. King, and Lehuan H. Yu. "Analytical Chemistry of Plastic Debris: Sampling, Methods, and Instrumentation." In Microplastic in the Environment: Pattern and Process, 17–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78627-4_2.
Анотація:
AbstractApproaches for the collection and analysis of plastic debris in environmental matrices are rapidly evolving. Such plastics span a continuum of sizes, encompassing large (macro-), medium (micro-, typically defined as particles between 1 μm and 5 mm), and smaller (nano-) plastics. All are of environmental relevance. Particle sizes are dynamic. Large plastics may fragment over time, while smaller particles may agglomerate in the field. The diverse morphologies (fragment, fiber, sphere) and chemical compositions of microplastics further complicate their characterization. Fibers are of growing interest and present particular analytical challenges due to their narrow profiles. Compositional classes of emerging concern include tire wear, paint chips, semisynthetics (e.g., rayon), and bioplastics. Plastics commonly contain chemical additives and fillers, which may alter their toxicological potency, behavior (e.g., buoyancy), or detector response (e.g., yield fluorescence) during analysis. Field sampling methods often focus on >20 μm and even >300 μm sized particles and will thus not capture smaller microplastics (which may be most abundant and bioavailable). Analysis of a limited subgroup (selected polymer types, particle sizes, or shapes) of microplastics, while often operationally necessary, can result in an underestimation of actual sample content. These shortcomings complicate calls for toxicological studies of microplastics to be based on “environmentally relevant concentrations.” Sample matrices of interest include water (including wastewater, ice, snow), sediment (soil, dust, wastewater sludge), air, and biota. Properties of the environment, and of the particles themselves, may concentrate plastic debris in select zones (e.g., gyres, shorelines, polar ice, wastewater sludge). Sampling designs should consider such patchy distributions. Episodic releases due to weather and anthropogenic discharges should also be considered. While water grab samples and sieving are commonplace, novel techniques for microplastic isolation, such as continuous flow centrifugation, show promise. The abundance of nonplastic particulates (e.g., clay, detritus, biological material) in samples interferes with microplastic detection and characterization. Their removal is typically accomplished using a combination of gravity separation and oxidative digestion (including strong bases, peroxide, enzymes); unfortunately, aggressive treatments may damage more labile plastics. Microscope-based infrared or Raman detection is often applied to provide polymer chemistry and morphological data for individual microplastic particles. However, the sheer number of particles in many samples presents logistical hurdles. In response, instruments have been developed that employ detector arrays and rapid scanning lasers. The addition of dyes to stain particulates may facilitate spectroscopic detection of some polymer types. Most researchers provide microplastic data in the form of the abundances of polymer types within particle size, polymer, and morphology classes. Polymer mass data in samples remain rare but are essential to elucidating fate. Rather than characterizing individual particles in samples, solvent extraction (following initial sample prep, such as sediment size class sorting), combined with techniques such as thermoanalysis (e.g., pyrolysis), has been used to generate microplastic mass data. However, this may obviate the acquisition of individual particle morphology and compositional information. Alternatively, some techniques (e.g., electron and atomic force microscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption mass spectrometry) are adept at providing highly detailed data on the size, morphology, composition, and surface chemistry of select particles. Ultimately, the analyst must select the approach best suited for their study goals. Robust quality control elements are also critical to evaluate the accuracy and precision of the sampling and analysis techniques. Further, improved efforts are required to assess and control possible sample contamination due to the ubiquitous distribution of microplastics, especially in indoor environments where samples are processed.
8
Aizawa, Tatsuhiko, Tadahiko Inohara, Yohei Suzuki, and Tomomi Shiratori. "Femtosecond Laser Micro-/Nano-Texturing to Die Substrates for Fine Imprinting to Products." In Fundamentals and Application of Femtosecond Optics [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.105795.
Анотація:
A femtosecond laser micro−/nano-texturing was proposed to fabricate the coated and surface treated dies with the tailored textures for surface decoration and surface property control of metal, polymer and glass products. The polygonal model for microtextures with nanotextures by the LIPSS-effect was utilized to fabricate a DLC-coated SKD11 die with a star-shaped emblem. This die was set up into the cassette die set for directly imprinting this emblem into aluminum alloy and PET sheets. The periodic surface structure was synthesized as a surface geometry model to build up the super-hydrophobic surface on the nitrogen supersaturated AISI316 die. This die was also set up into a hot stamping system to directly imprint the hydrophobic surface onto the phosphorous glass products. Through the femtosecond laser micro−/nano-texturing and CNC-imprinting, the metal, polymer and glass product surfaces were optically decorated to have color grating and plasmonic brilliance and functionally controlled to be hydrophobic.
9
Singh, R. Arvind, and S. Jayalakshmi. "Bioinspired Solutions for MEMS Tribology." In Advanced Methodologies and Technologies in Medicine and Healthcare, 15–26. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7489-7.ch002.
Анотація:
Micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS) are miniaturized devices that operate at a small scale. Actuators-based MEMS have not been commercially realized yet, owing to the manifestation of high surface forces such as adhesion and friction between their moving elements. In recent years, inspiration from “Lotus Effect” has opened a new direction in the field of micro/nano-tribology to manipulate/control surface forces at small scale. The underlying principle discovered from the super-hydrophobic nature of the leaves of water-repellent plants has led to the design and development of various biomimetic tribological surfaces that exhibit remarkable reduction in surface forces under tribological contact. This chapter presents the tribological issues in MEMS devices, examples of conventional solutions for the tribological issues, and unique bioinspired solutions that have great capability to mitigate surface forces at micro/nano-scales.
10
Singh, R. Arvind, and S. Jayalakshmi. "Bioinspired Solutions for MEMS Tribology." In Encyclopedia of Information Science and Technology, Fourth Edition, 431–39. IGI Global, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2255-3.ch038.
Анотація:
Micro-Electro-Mechanical-Systems (MEMS) are miniaturized devices that operate at small-scale. Actuators-based MEMS have not been commercially realized yet, owing to the manifestation of high surface forces such as adhesion and friction between their moving elements. In recent years, inspiration from ‘Lotus Effect' has opened a new direction in the field of micro/nano-tribology to manipulate/control surface forces at small-scale. The underlying principle discovered from the ‘super-hydrophobic nature' of the leaves of water-repellent plants has led to the design and development of various ‘biomimetic tribological surfaces' that exhibit remarkable reduction in surface forces under tribological contact. In this chapter are presented the tribological issues in MEMS devices, examples of conventional solutions for the tribological issues and unique ‘bioinspired solutions' that have great capability to mitigate surface forces at micro/nano-scales.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Contrôle nano-fonctionnalisation de surface":
1
YOUSSEF, Laurène, Audrey PROROT, Alain DENOIRJEAN, Camélia PROPESCU, Laure SANDOVAL, and Fanny MEYTRAUD. "Revêtements à base cuivre par projection plasma – Application à la décontamination des surfaces." In Les journées de l'interdisciplinarité 2022. Limoges: Université de Limoges, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25965/lji.630.
Анотація:
Suite à la pandémie de la Covid-19, un effort considérable est actuellement déployé, tant dans la recherche académique que dans le secteur industriel, pour élaborer des revêtements capables de protéger les surfaces contre les microorganismes et ainsi limiter leur temps de résidence, leur développement et par suite leur transmission. Dans le cadre d’une collaboration interdisciplinaire IRCER, E2Lim et Sanodev, ce travail s’intéresse à la fonctionnalisation d’une surface par le biais d’un revêtement biocide non toxique et photocatalytique capable d’inhiber la croissance des microorganismes. Dans ce but, les potentielles propriétés bactéricides vis-à-vis de Escherichia coli de différents revêtements élaborés par projection plasma (photocatalytiques et non photocatalytiques) ont été évaluées.
2
Wang, Hengyu, Jeong-Hwan Kim, Min Zou, Steve Tung, and Jin-Woo Kim. "The Effect of Surface Nano/Micro-Texturing on Escherichia Coli Cell Adhesion." In 2008 Second International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/micronano2008-70146.
Анотація:
Control of cell-to-surface adhesion has significant impacts on various biological and biomedical applications. In this study, the adhesion of Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells on nano/micro-textured surfaces produced by a unique surface texturing technique, aluminum-induced crystallization (AIC) of amorphous silicon (a-Si), was studied in order to control E. coli cell adhesion on glass substrates in an E. coli-based whole-cell chemical sensor. It was found that textured surfaces significantly enhanced cell-to-surface adhesion. Among the textured surfaces, nano/micro-textured surfaces showed advantage over micro-textured surfaces on the cell-to-surface adhesion. Study of the cell-to-surface adhesion mechanism suggests that the cell adhesion efficiency was controlled by the particle density of the textured surfaces.
3
Chen, Min, Bing-Yang Cao, and Zeng-Yuan Guo. "Micro/Nano-Scale Fluid Flows on Structured Surfaces." In ASME 2008 6th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icnmm2008-62023.
Анотація:
Understanding the effects of surface nanostructures on fluid flow in micro- and nano-channels is highly desirable for micro/nano-electro-mechanical systems. By way of equilibrium and non-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, wetting on nano-structured surfaces and liquid flow in nano-channels with structured surfaces are simulated. The surfaces show dual effects on the boundary slip and friction of the liquid flow in nano-channels. Generally, the nanostructures enhance the surface hydrophilicity for a hydrophilic liquid-solid interaction, and increase the hydrophobicity for a hydrophobic interaction. Simultaneously, the nanostructures distort the nanoscale streamlines of the liquid flow near the channel surface and block the flow, which decreases the apparent slip length. The twofold effects of the nanostructures on the surface wettability and the hydrodynamic disturbance result in a non-monotonic dependence of the slip length on the structure’s size. However, the surface structure may lead to a very high contact angle of about 170° in some cases, which cause the surface show super-hydrophobicity and lead to a remarkable velocity slip. The surface nanostructures can thus be applied to control the friction of micro- and nano-flows. In addition, the gaseous flows in micro- and nano-channels with structured surfaces are simulated. The geometry of the surface is modeled by triangular, rectangular, sinusoidal and randomly triangular nanostructures respectively. The results show that the velocity slips, including negative slip, depend not only on the Knudsen number but also the surface structure. The impacts of the surface nanostructure and the gas rarefaction are strongly coupled. In general, the slip length of a gaseous flow over a structured surface is less than what predicted by the Maxwell model, and depends not only on the Knudsen number but also the size of the surface nanostructures.
4
Mitik-Dineva, Natasa, James Wang, Paul R. Stoddart, Russell J. Crawford, and Elena P. Ivanova. "Nano-structured surfaces control bacterial attachment." In 2008 International Conference on Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICONN). IEEE, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iconn.2008.4639259.
5
Choi, Chang-Hwan, Joonwon Kim, and Chang-Jin Kim. "Nanoturf Surfaces for Reduction of Liquid Flow Drag in Microchannels." In ASME 2004 3rd Integrated Nanosystems Conference. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/nano2004-46078.
Анотація:
We report nano-engineered surfaces (NanoTurf), designed to make various micro- and nano-fluidic devices and systems less frictional for liquid flows, and describe microchannels made with such a surface. While our group has reported a dramatic (> 95%) drag reduction of discrete droplets flowing in a space between two parallel-plates covered with “random” nano-posts created by the “black silicon method” [1], this paper describes various nanofabrication techniques, including those capable of “designing” nanostructures with not only a good control of pattern sizes and periods but also practical manufacturability to be embedded in various micro- and nano-fluidic devices and systems. Microchannels are developed using the designed nanostructure surfaces and used for continuous flow tests.
6
Shiratani, Masaharu, G. Uchida, K. Katamaki, H. Seo, N. Itagaki, and K. Koga. "Control of nanoparticle formation in reactive plasmas and its application to fabrication of green energy devices." In 13th International Conference on Plasma Surface Engineering September 10 - 14, 2012, in Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Germany. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/wcc2.100-103.
Анотація:
We are developing “plasma nano-factories” which are bottom-up guided assembly processes and miniature versions of macroscopic conventional factories. Here, we report plasma-based control of the size, size distribution, and structure of nanoparticles, their agglomeration and transport as well as sticking. We apply nano-particle films to green energy devices such as low energy consumption LSI’s, solar cells, and Li ion batteries. Our results show that core-shell nanoparticles are effective for improving performances of these devices.
7
Suciu, Claudiu Valentin. "Molecular Dynamics Study of Wetting on Brushlike Nanopillar and Wavelike Nanorough Surfaces." In 2007 First International Conference on Integration and Commercialization of Micro and Nanosystems. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/mnc2007-21210.
Анотація:
A Molecular Dynamics technique is proposed to simulate the motion of water nano-droplets on brushlike nanopillar and wavelike nanorough surfaces. Firstly, a brushlike nanopillar structure is obtained by deposition of a hexagonal packing of alkyl linear chains CnH2n+1 (n = 1–18) on a (0001) type flat surface, consisted of hexagonal packed carbon atoms. Distance between the grafted alkyl chains is selected in the 0.5–1.4 nm range, and the distance between the carbon atoms of the base surface is set to 0.1421nm. Next, the (0001) type flat surface is folded in order to obtain a wavelike nano-roughness. Water cluster is consisted of 729–2197 molecules, and after 25ps it reaches a diameter of 3–5 nm, which corresponds to a liquid phase of 1g/cm3 density, at an equilibrium temperature of 293K. Lennard-Jones potential is used to describe all the interactions into the considered system. By the appropriate input of the Lennard-Jones parameters one controls the hydrophilic level of the base surface. Influences of the intermolecular distance and the length of the grafted alkyls, as well as the influences of the nano-wavelength and the hydrophilic level of the base surface on the contact angle are illustrated. Such results are useful for the appropriate design of ultrahydrophobic nano-surfaces, and for the optimal design of nanoporous materials, able to produce surface dissipation of the mechanical energy.
8
Chernomorets, Dariia, and Jan Hostaša. "Influence of the Raw Powders Treatment Parameters on the Transmittance of Ir-Transparent Y2O3 Ceramics." In International Young Scientists Conference on Materials Science and Surface Engineering. Karpenko Physico-Mechanical Institute of the NAS of Ukraine, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/msse2023.058.
Анотація:
Y2O3 ceramics has various applications. Choosing raw powders and control of their properties is crucial for obtaining full transparency. In this research, the influence of the milling conditions of Y2O3 powders on the characteristic of vacuum-sintered ceramics was studied. The milling was performed at a rate of 80-300 rpm for 1-22 h. It was found that milling at 300 rpm for 1 h gives the most promising nano-sized Y2O3 powder. The highest transmittance among obtained samples is 78.3% (1100 nm).
9
Hu, Jia, and Yaling Liu. "Cell Adhesion on a Wavy Surface." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14059.
Анотація:
The ability to control the position of cells in an organized pattern on a substrate has become increasingly important for biosensing and tissue engineering applications [1–3]. With the advent of nanofabrication techniques, a number of researchers have studied the effects of nano-scale grooves on cell spreading, migration, morphology, signaling and orientation [4–6]. Recent studies have shown that cell adhesion/spreading can be influenced by a nanostructured surface [7]. In most current studies, the pattern dimensions are much smaller than the size of a cell. In this paper, we focus on studying cell response to micro scale patterns instead of nano-scale patterns.
10
Cole, Martin A., Marek Jasieniak, Nicolas H. Voelcker, Helmut Thissen, Roger Horn, and Hans J. Griesser. "Switchable surface coatings for control over protein adsorption." In Smart Materials, Nano- and Micro-Smart Systems, edited by Dan V. Nicolau. SPIE, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.696290.
Звіти організацій з теми "Contrôle nano-fonctionnalisation de surface":
1
Kennedy, Alan, Andrew McQueen, Mark Ballentine, Brianna Fernando, Lauren May, Jonna Boyda, Christopher Williams, and Michael Bortner. Sustainable harmful algal bloom mitigation by 3D printed photocatalytic oxidation devices (3D-PODs). Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43980.
Анотація:
The impacts of Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB), often caused by cyanobacteria (Figure 1), on water resources are increasing. Innovative solutions for treatment of HABs and their associated toxins are needed to mitigate these impacts and decrease risks without introducing persistent legacy contaminants that cause collateral ecosystem impacts. This technical note (TN) identifies novel opportunities enabled by Additive Manufacturing (AM), or 3D printing, to produce high surface area advanced material composites to rapidly prototype sustainable environmental solutions for aquatic nuisance species control. This innovative research explores deployment of 3D-printable polymer composite structures containing nano-scale photocatalysts for targeted open water treatment of HABs that are customizable to the site-of-concern and also retrievable, reusable, and sustainable. The approach developed to control cyanobacteria HAB events has the potential to augment or replace broadcast, non-specific chemical controls that otherwise put non-target species and ecological resources at long-term risk. It can also augment existing UV-treatment HAB treatment control measures. The expected research outcome is a novel, effective, and sustainable HAB management tool for the US Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and resource managers to deploy in their HAB rapid response programs. The research will provide a framework for scale-up into other manufacturing methods (e.g., injection molding) to produce the devices in bulk (quickly and efficiently). Research for this project title “Mitigation of Harmful Algal Bloom Toxins using 3D Printed Photocatalytic Materials (FY21-23)” was sponsored by the US Army Engineer Research Development Center’s (ERDC) Aquatic Nuisance Species Research Program (ANSRP).