Дисертації з теми "Contrôle non-linéaire robuste"
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Floret, Fabienne. "Méthodes d'identification pour des systèmes non-linéaires en temps continu." Paris 11, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA112255.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis we focus on the concept of parameter identification for different automatic fields. The first part of our work is devoted to the vector state estimation in combination with a parameter identification in order to obtain of a global knowledge of the system. Two different methods are introduced. On the one hand the parameter estimation law is obtained algebraically and converges in finite time. On the other hand the second parameter estimation law is dynamical and converges exponentially if the condition of Persistence Excitation is satisfied. Both of them are based on the Variable Structure Theory. Moreover we introduce a state feedback and dynamical control which is robust with respect to time-varying parameter perturbations. The robust behaviour is proven mathematically by using one specific property of the Variable Structure Theory. A comparison of the proposed method with well-known classical algorithms is introduced. In view of industrial applications and in order to limit the number of sensors we relax the condition on the feedback control and we extend it to output feedback by considering some backstepping aspects. Finally we study the problem of identification for nonlinear systems in which the parameters enter nonlinearly in the model's equations. We introduce a parameter identification which is satisfied locally in the parameter space and converges exponentially if the Persistence of Excitation is verified. This dynamical parameter estimation law is coupled with an adaptive state feedback control based on the Variable Structure Theory
Matraji, Imad. "Contribution à la commande non linéaire robuste des systèmes d'alimentation en air des piles à combustible de type PEM." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00983443.
Повний текст джерелаAstolfi, Daniele. "Observateurs et régulation de sortie robuste pour des systèmes non linéaires." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PSLEM091/document.
Повний текст джерелаObservers and output regulation are two central topics in nonlinear control system theory. Although many researchers have devoted their attention to these issues for more than 30 years, there are still many open questions. In the observer theory a key role is played by the so called high-gain observers. The purpose of the first part of the thesis is to study novel techniques which allow to overcome or at least to mitigate some of the main drawbacks characterizing this class of observers. We propose a novel class of high-gain observers, denoted as ``low-power'', which allows to overcome numerical problems, to avoid the peaking phenomenon and to improve the sensitivity properties to high-frequency measurement noise. The second part of the thesis addresses the output regulation problem, solved for linear systems during the 70's by Francis and Wonham who coined the celebrated ``internal model principle''. Constructive solutions have also been proposed in the nonlinear framework but under restrictive assumptions that reduce the class of systems to which this methodology can be applied. In this thesis we focus on the output regulation problem in presence of periodic disturbances and we propose a novel approach which allows to consider a broader class of nonlinear systems. The resulting design is robust in the sense defined by Francis and Wonham
Temporelli, Robin. "Commandes avancées d'embrayages mécatroniques : cas écoénergétique et cas vibratoire." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11502.
Повний текст джерелаTeodorescu, Catalin Stefan. "Commande de systèmes d'isolation antisismique mixte." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00904280.
Повний текст джерелаPled, Florent. "Vers une stratégie robuste et efficace pour le contrôle des calculs par éléments finis en ingénierie mécanique." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00776633.
Повний текст джерелаPopescu, Andrei. "Approches de commande pour des objectifs d'estimation : application au courant tunnel et aux processus de lévitation magnétique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAT062.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis gathers its main contributions in the field of observers for dynamical systems, originally motivated by applications in MEMS or NEMS (Micro or Nano Electromechanical Systems), with a more particular case related to tunneling current. It also happened to consider experiments with a magnetic levitation system.Contributions of this PhD thesis are of two types, according to its two main parts:1. Methodological part: designing different control strategies to obtain observers using the control-based paradigm. In particular, we focused on non-optimal approaches (like Proportional and Proportional-Integral), optimal ones (Linear Quadratic Regulator and Linear Quadratic Integrator) and sub-optimal methods (Hinf controller). Moreover, we focus on the main two ways to formulate a control (tracking) problem, namely Error feedback regulation problem and Full information regulation problem.2. Experimental part: Applying the obtained methods for improving the topographic imaging using a Scanning-Tunneling Microscope as well as to improve the disturbance estimation for a magnetic levitation process.More precisely, each part will take the form of two chapters:1. Chapter II, dedicated to a formal introduction and contributive discussion about the ’control based observer’ approach this PhD investigates, and Chapter III, focusing on the use of such an approach for the purpose of new robust observer design in particular within an Hinf framework.2. Chapter IV, related to STM application, and chapter V, presenting the MAGLEV case.A final chapter VI summarizes the main conclusions of this work as well as some perspectives
Penet, Maxime. "Robust Nonlinear Model Predictive Control based on Constrained Saddle Point Optimization : Stability Analysis and Application to Type 1 Diabetes." Phd thesis, Supélec, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00968899.
Повний текст джерелаAl, Attar Houssein. "Bidirectional Electric Vehicle Charger Control." Thesis, Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ECDN0043.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, part of the chair Renault/Centrale Nantes, the aim is to design control strategies to improve the performance and efficiency of the bidirectional charger of the Electric Vehicle (EV). In the discharging mode, the new challenge is to design a Phase Shift Modulation (PSM) strategy to improve the operating zone and efficiency of the DC-DC converter. The control law is based on the DC-DC LLC gaininversion. In terms of cost, the contribution is mainly about the design of an optimization strategy, not only to reduce the sizing of the DC-DC LLC converter, but also to improve the performance of the Pulse Frequency Modulation (PFM) strategy. Then, a large signal model of the LLC converter based on the PSM strategy is developed. The main contribution consists of implementing robust control strategies, such as model-free control and adaptive super twisting control, combined with the PSM strategy. On the other hand, the key contribution leads to provide a hybrid control strategy of the charger in order to be able to regulate the DC bus voltage in the saturation zones of the DC-DCconverter. Finally, a new topology of an EV charger with the DAB structure is studied. A backstepping control strategy is proposed to regulate the DC bus voltage and the grid current. Different modulation strategies, such as single and dual phase shift modulation,are studied. Simulation results of real charger models are presented in order to highlight the effectiveness of the proposed control strategies
Ouattara, Seydou. "Mise en œuvre d'une loi de commande adaptative floue indirecte." Valenciennes, 1996. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/34633a72-0657-4c61-8628-c72bea21021e.
Повний текст джерелаHernandez, Lopezomoza Mario Andres. "Cadre de travail généralisé de compensation non-linéaire robuste : application à la rentrée atmosphérique." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ESAE0022/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis work is devoted to extending Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (NDI) for a large scale of nonlinear systems while guaranteeing sufficient stability conditions. NDI has been studied in a wide range of applications, including aeronautics and aerospace. It allows to compute nonlinear control laws able to decouple and linearize a model at any operating point of its state envelope. However, this method is inherently non-robust to modelling errors and input saturations. Moreover, obtaining a quantifiable guarantee of the attained stability domain in a nonlinear control context is not a very straightforward task. Unlike standard NDI approaches, our methodology can be viewed as a generalized nonlinear compensation framework which allows to incorporate uncertainties and input saturations in the design process. Paralleling anti-windup strategies, the controller can be computed through a single multichannel optimization problem or through a simple two-step process. Within this framework, linear fractional transformations of the nonlinear closed-loop can be easily derived for robust stability analysis using standard tools for linear systems. The proposed method is tested for the flight control of a delta wing type reentry vehicle at hypersonic, transonic and subsonic phases of the atmospheric reentry. For this thesis work, a Flight Mechanics simulator including diverse external factors and modelling errors was developed in Simulink
Monge, Thierry. "Modélisation et commande multivariable non linéaire robuste des réacteurs chimiques discontinus - application à un procédé industriel." Rouen, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ROUES069.
Повний текст джерелаMattei, Giovanni. "Robust nonlinear control : from continuous time to sampled-data with aerospace applications." Thesis, Paris 11, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA112025/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe dissertation deals with the problems of stabilization and control of nonlinear systems with deterministic model uncertainties. First, in the context of uncertain systems analysis, we introduce and explain the basic concepts of robust stability and stabilizability. Then, we propose a method of stabilization via state-feedback in presence of unmatched uncertainties in the dynamics. The recursive backstepping approach allows to compensate the uncertain terms acting outside the control span and to construct a robust control Lyapunov function, which is exploited in the subsequent design of a compensator for the matched uncertainties. The obtained controller is called recursive Lyapunov redesign. Next, we introduce the stabilization technique through Immersion \& Invariance (I\&I) as a tool to improve the robustness of a given nonlinear controller with respect to unmodeled dynamics. The recursive Lyapunov redesign is then applied to the attitude stabilization of a spacecraft with flexible appendages and to the autopilot design of an asymmetric air-to-air missile. Contextually, we develop a systematic method to rapidly evaluate the aerodynamic perturbation terms exploiting the deterministic model of the uncertainty. The effectiveness of the proposed controller is highlighted through several simulations in the second case-study considered. In the final part of the work, the technique of I\& I is reformulated in the digital setting in the case of a special class of systems in feedback form, for which constructive continuous-time solutions exist, by means of backstepping and nonlinear domination arguments. The sampled-data implementation is based on a multi-rate control solution, whose existence is guaranteed for the class of systems considered. The digital controller guarantees, under sampling, the properties of manifold attractivity and trajectory boundedness. The control law, computed by finite approximation of a series expansion, is finally validated through numerical simulations in two academic examples and in two case-studies, namely the cart-pendulum system and the rigid spacecraft
Mohammad, Sami. "Réalisation et commande robuste d'un système de rééducation physique." Phd thesis, Université de Valenciennes et du Hainaut-Cambresis, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00747442.
Повний текст джерелаNouvelière, Lydie. "Commandes robustes appliquées au contrôle assisté d'un véhicule à basse vitesse." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002VERS0023.
Повний текст джерелаThis work deals with low speed automated vehicles. The peri-urban traffic congestion daily represents a real problem for the drivers because the travel time is strongly increased in spite of often short covered distances. Low speed automation then allows to homogenize the traffic while guaranteeing a shorter travel time and also contributes to the reduction of the driver's task. Safety and comfort are thus two main criteria. Congestion analysis is carried out in terms of inter-distance and speed of the vehicle. Measurements on the Parisian motorways were collected and inform about the way the driver manages the inter-vehicular distance and time according to the speed. A parametric model of the inter-distance is developed, the parameters being estimated by a Kalman filtering procedure. The interest is then to generate realistic desired inputs for vehicle control. From vehicle model (models for analysis and synthesis of control laws for a multi-field approach : automatic and transport), robust non-linear control laws are synthesized (1 and 2-order sliding mode control, optimal control) and are adapted to the road vehicle. Simulations permit to determinate the results obtained with such systems, for an autonomous or co-operative control, for individual control or platooning. The use of a technique of gain scheduling associated with a loop-shaping procedure based Hinfini method allows lateral control of vehicle at different speeds, in lane change or lane keeping aneuvers. Finally, an equipped vehicle for a shared control between driver and automat permits to test several scénarii of longitudinal control at low speed. They were validated in real time during the IEEE Intelligent Vehicle IV2002 congress (low speed car-following, stop and go, stop on obstacles. . . )
Benattia, Seif Eddine. "Robustification de la commande prédictive non linéaire - Application à des procédés pour le développement durable." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC066/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe last few years have led to very rapid developments, both in the formulation and the application of Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) algorithms, with a relatively wide range of industrial achievements. One of the most significant challenges encountered during the development of this control law is due to uncertainties in the model of the system. In this context, the thesis addresses the design of NMPC control laws robust towards model uncertainties. Usually, the above design can be achieved through solving a min-max optimization problem. In this case, the idea is to minimize the tracking error for the worst possible uncertainty realization. However, this robust approach tends to become too complex to be solved numerically online, especially in the case of multivariable systems with a large number of uncertain parameters. To address this shortfall, the proposed approach consists in simplifying the min-max optimization problem through a sensitivity analysis of the model with respect to its parameters, in order to reduce the calculation time. First, the criterion is linearized around the model parameters nominal values. The optimization variables are either the system control inputs or the control increments over the prediction horizon. The initial optimization problem is then converted either into a convex optimization problem, or a one-dimensional minimization problem, depending on the nature of the constraints on the states and commands. The stability analysis of the closed-loop system is also addressed. Finally, a hierarchical control strategy is developed, that combines a robust model predictive control law with an integral sliding mode controller, in order to cancel any tracking error. The proposed approaches are applied through two case studies to the control of microorganisms culture in bioreactors
Romero, Velázquez José Guadalupe. "Commande robuste par façonnement d’énergie de systèmes non-linéaires." Thesis, Paris 11, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA112019/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the design of robust control for nonlinear systems, mainly on mechanical systems. The results presented are to two situations widely discussed in control theory: 1) The stability of nonlinear systems disturbed; 2) The global tracking trajectory in mechanical systems having only knowledge of the position. We started giving a design method of robust controls to ensure regulation on non-passive output. In addition, if the system is perturbed (constant unmatched), rigorous proof to its rejection is provided. This result is based mainly on change of coordinates and integral dynamic control. When the scenario to deal are mechanical systems with time-varying matched and unmatched, disturbance, the system is endowed with strong properties as IISS (Integral Input-State Stable) and ISS (Input-State Stable). This is achieved based on the design method to rejection of constant disturbances (unmatched). However, due to the nonlinearity of the system, the controllers have a high complexity. For the same problem, a second and elegant result is given making a initial change of coordinate on the momenta variable, such that the controller significantly simplifies, preserving the aforementioned robustness properties. Finally, a convincing answer to the problem of global exponential tracking of mechanical systems is given taking into account only the position information. We solve this problem in two steps. First, some slight variation is presented to the proof of stability of a speed observer based on Immersion and Invariance theory recently published. Note that this is a speed observer satisfying the exponential convergence speed in mechanical systems. Secondly, and based on the change of coordinates (momenta), a globally exponentially stable tracking controller with position and velocity known is proposed. The combination of both results give the first global exponential tracking controller of mechanical systems without velocity measurements
Ajayi, Michael Oluwatosin. "Modelling and control of actuated lower limb exoskeletons : a mathematical application using central pattern generators and nonlinear feedback control techniques." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1021/document.
Повний текст джерелаWearable robotic system has become a well sought after mechanism in the field of biomechatronics engineering due to the the various possibilities it possess. These possibilities encompass the assistive and rehabilitative protocols rendered to disabled and elderly people, in order to enable them regain control of their limbs and of course increase the abilities of able-bodied persons. It therefore clearly drives the motive of bringing back paraplegics back on their feet as well as executing difficult task beyond human ability.Achieving the intended function of wearable robots requires the model dynamics of the physical system in relation to the tasks required to be performed by subjects. This demands a proper control measure which takes into account the safety of the wearer. For this purpose, bio-inspired control techniques and bounded nonlinear feedback controllers are considered. The latter control design ensures that the stipulated power required is not exceeded as well as the saturation of the actuator, while the former motivates the design of controllers based on the concept of Central Pattern Generators (CPG). CPGs are characterised as biological neural networks which can be represented by a set of coupled nonlinear oscillator situated in the spinal cord of mammals, having the capability of generating coordinated multidimensional rhythmic signals for the purpose of locomotion, under the control of simple input signals. These rhythmic signals are termed to be periodic or quasi-periodic in nature, hence performing this task in robotics and animal motor control has been a perpetual research problem. The movement of the lower limb of humans thus present a platform to investigate and address this difficulty.In this thesis, the analysis, simulation, and control of joints which relate to the human lower limbs via CPGs and feedback control techniques are investigated with an aim of practically implementing the control strategies using a lower limb exoskeleton is presented. To accomplish this goal, it is expedient to have comprehensive knowledge of the anatomy, physiology and the normal gait biomechanics of the human lower limbs. Understanding the theories, principles and mathematical background of nonlinear oscillators are also required. Control strategies using the inverse and the forward dynamics approach based on different types of coupled nonlinear oscillators and nonlinear feedback control techniques were considered for single/multiple degrees of freedom (DoF). Simulations and results were presented to verify the controller-human system ability to constantly and dynamically track and readapt its control parameters to maintain its desired motion dynamics, with reduced control torque values.This work basically deals with two distinct method of control systems; one which integrates bio-inspired methods with classical and nonlinear control techniques to govern the exoskeletons' joints with a human in the loop, and another which utilises bounded nonlinear feedback control techniques for same purpose
Pham, The Hung. "Robust planning and control of unmanned aerial vehicles." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPASG003.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis is to realize the modeling, trajectory planning, and control of an unmanned helicopter robot for monitoring large areas, especially in precision agriculture applications. Several tasks in precision agriculture are addressed. In pest surveillance missions, drones will be equipped with specialized cameras. A trajectory will be researched and created to enable unmanned aircraft to capture images of entire crop areas and avoid obstacles during flight. Infected areas will be then identified by analyzing taken images. In insecticides spraying, the aircraft must be controlled to fly in a pre-programmed trajectory and spray the insecticide over all the infected crop areas.In the first part, we present a new complete coverage path planning algorithm by proposing a new cellular decomposition which is based on a generalization of the Boustrophedon variant, using Morse functions, with an extension of the representation of the critical points. This extension leads to a reduced number of cells after decomposition. Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP) algorithm are then applied to obtain the shortest path for complete coverage. Next, from the information on the map regarding the coordinates of the obstacles, non-infected areas, and infected areas, the infected areas are divided into several non-overlapping regions by using a clustering technique. Then an algorithm is proposed for generating the best path for a Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) to distribute medicine to all the infected areas of an agriculture environment which contains non-convex obstacles, pest-free areas, and pests-ridden areas.In the second part, we study the design of a robust control system that allows the vehicle to track the predefined trajectory for a dynamic model-changing helicopter due to the changes of dynamic coefficients such as the mass and moments of inertia. Therefore, the robust observer and control laws are required to adopt the changes in dynamic parameters as well as the impact of external forces. The proposed approach is to explore the modeling techniques, planning, and control by the Takagi-Sugeno type technique. To have easily implantable algorithms and adaptable to changes in parameters and conditions of use, we favor the synthesis of Linear Parameter Varying (LPV) Unknown Input Observer (UIO), LPV quadratic state feedback, robust state feedback, and static output feedback controllers. The observer and controllers are designed by solving a set of Linear Matrix Inequality (LMI) obtained from the Bounded Real Lemma and LMI regions characterization.Finally, to highlight the performances of the path planning algorithms and generated control laws, we perform a series of simulations in MATLAB Simulink. Simulation results are quite promising. The coverage path planning algorithm suggests that the generated trajectory shortens the flight distance of the aircraft but still avoids obstacles and covers the entire area of interest. Simulations for the LPV UIO and LPV controllers are conducted with the cases that the mass and moments of inertias change abruptly and slowly. The LPV UIO is able to estimate state variables and the unknown disturbances and the estimated values converge to the true values of the state variables and the unknown disturbances asymptotically. The LPV controllers work well for various reference signals (impulse, random, constant, and sine) and several types of disturbances (impulse, random, constant, and sine)
Deremetz, Mathieu. "Contribution à la modélisation et à la commande de robots mobiles autonomes et adaptables en milieux naturels." Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018CLFAC079/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis work is focused on the conceptualization, the modeling and the genericcontrol of mobile robots when moving in off-road contexts and facing slipperyterrains, especially for very accurate tracking and following applications. Thisthesis summarizes the proposed methods and the obtained results to addressthis research issue, first for path following applications (absolute localization)and then for edge and target tracking applications (relative localization). A finalsection of this thesis introduces an adaptive robotic concept and its associatedcontroller allowing the adaptation of the pose (position and orientation) of thechassis with respect to the environment topography.For each application, this thesis introduces a panel of innovative control algorithmsfor controlling skid-steering, two-wheel steering and four-wheel steeringmobile robots. Each algorithm of the panel is described, in this thesis, infour steps : modeling, estimation, control and experiments.The first main contribution of this thesis deals with the slippage estimation.The latter is adaptive and model-based. It also includes the extended kinematicmodeling only or together with the dynamic modeling of the mobile robot toensure a robust estimation of the slippage whatever the speed of the robot, encountereddynamic phenomena or even ground characteristics.The second main contribution deals with the design of a generic control approachfor mobile robots when path following and target tracking. The proposedstrategy is mostly based on a backstepping method and is illustrated inthis thesis via a panel of control laws. When combining this proposed controlapproach with the slippage estimation described above, significant improvedtracking and following performances are obtained (in term of stability, repeatability,accuracy and robustness) whatever the encountered context.All algorithms have been tested and validated through simulations and/orfull-scale experiments, indoor and off-road, with different mobile robots
Huard, Benoît. "Contribution à la modélisation non-linéaire et à la commande d'un actionneur robotique intégré pour la manipulation." Thesis, Poitiers, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013POIT2262/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe realization of dexterous manipulation tasks requires a complexity in robotic hands design as well as in their control laws synthesis. A mecatronical optimization of these systems helps to answer for functional integration constraints by avoiding external force sensors. Back-drivable mechanics allows the free-space positioning determination of such system as far as the detection of its interaction with a manipulated object thanks to proprioceptives measures at electric actuator level. The objective of this thesis is to synthesize a control law adapted to object manipulation by taking into account these mechanical properties in a one degree-of-freedom case. The proposed method is based on a robust control according to structural non-linearities due to gravitational effects and dry frictions on the one hand and with regard to a variable rigidity of manipulated objects on the other hand. The chosen approach requires a precise knowledge of the system configuration at all time. A dynamic representation of its behavior enables a software sensor synthesis for the exteroceptives variables estimation in a control law application purpose. The different steps are experimentally validated in order to justify the chosen approach leading to object manipulation
Mehmood, Adeel. "Modeling, simulation and robust control of an electro-pneumatic actuator for a variable geometry turbocharger." Phd thesis, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00827445.
Повний текст джерелаHuo, Weiguang. "Stratégies de commandes assistives pour les exosquelettes des membres inférieurs." Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC1041/document.
Повний текст джерелаNeurological problems caused by stroke and spinal cord injury as well as the weakness of skeletal muscles may considerably affect the motor ability of the elderly and infirm. Traditional solutions of assistance and treatment for these dependent people are relatively costly; they generally need significant human efforts and financial resources from caregivers and national healthcare centers. In this context, robotics appears as a convenient and promising solution to develop assistive systems for improving the autonomy of dependent people. Lower limb exoskeletons are wearable robots that can be used as assistive devices for augmenting the wearer’s motor ability and/or improving the effectiveness of neuromuscular rehabilitation. Recently, they have attracted increasing interest in the robotics community. As lower limb exoskeletons exhibit close cognitive and physical interactions with the wearer, a fundamental function is to provide appropriate power assistance by taking into account the wearer’s sensor-motor ability. Consequently, it is of great importance to develop human intention based control strategies. Meanwhile, from the exoskeleton’s viewpoint, the physical contacts with the wearer and the environment are both considered disturbances affecting the accomplishment of the wearer’s desired movements. These disturbances should also be taken into account during the design of control strategies.In this thesis, we develop three assistive control strategies for lower limb exoskeletons. In the meantime, two modes of assistance are studied: the passive mode in which the wearer has very limited motor ability as well as the active-assisted mode in which the wearer has certain motor ability but that is insufficient to perform autonomously a desired physical movement. In the first control strategy, the wearer is assumed to be in passive mode. A robust sliding mode control approach is developed based on the use of a nonlinear disturbance observer, in order to guarantee accurate tracking performance of desired knee joint movements. In the second control strategy, we propose a human intention based nonlinear active impedance control structure, in which the wearer is in an active-assisted mode. This assistive strategy is used to assist the wearer in single-task physical activities, for instance, the knee joint flexion/ extension movement. We investigate the performance of the proposed control structure based on two case studies: knee-joint flexion/extension movements and sit-to-stand movements. Finally, the third control strategy is developed to assist the wearer during walking activities. We propose a new approach that is able to detect the gait mode at the early beginning of a new step using the kinematic features namely velocity and position of the wearer’s feet during walking. The proposed gait mode detection approach makes it possible to select appropriate kinematic and kinetic models for each gait mode. Different assistive strategies are developed: partial gravity compensation, virtual-spring/damper based impedance assistance and zero impedance assistance. These strategies are combined differently according to the estimated wearer’s gait mode. To evaluate the proposed control strategies, two lower limb exoskeleton prototypes are developed: a knee joint lower limb exoskeleton, called EICOSI, and a full lower limb exoskeleton, called E-ROWA
Pérez, Roca Sergio. "Model-based robust transient control of reusable liquid-propellant rocket engines." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASS017.
Повний текст джерелаThe current trend towards a more affordable access to space is materialising in reusable launchers and engines. From the control perspective, these reusable liquid-propellant rocket engines (LPRE) imply more demanding robustness requirements than expendable ones, mainly due to their multi-restart and thrust-modulation capabilities. Classically, the control system handles LPRE operation at a finite set of predefined points. That approach reduces their throttability domain to a narrow interval in which they are designed to be safe. Moreover, transient phases, which have a great impact on engine life, are not robustly operated. Hence, the goal of this work is to develop a control loop which is adapted to the whole set of operating phases, transient and steady-state, and which is robust to internal parametric variations. Several blocks have been developed to constitute the control loop: engine simulation, reference generation and controllers. First, simulators representative of the gas-generator-cycle engines were built. The purely thermo-fluid-dynamic modelling of the cycle was subsequently adapted to control, obtaining nonlinear state-space models. In these models, the influence of continuous control inputs (valve openings) and of discrete ones (igniters and starter activations) is considered within a simplified hybrid approach. The continuous sub-phase of the start-up transient is feedback controlled to track pre-computed reference trajectories. Beyond the start-up, throttling scenarios also present an end-state-tracking algorithm. A model-based control method, Model Predictive Control, has been applied in a linearised manner with robustness considerations to all these scenarios, in which a set of hard constraints must be respected. Tracking of pressure (thrust) and mixture-ratio operating points within the design envelope is achieved in simulation while respecting constraints. Robustness to variations in the parameters, which are checked to be predominant according to analyses, is also demonstrated. This framework paves the way to experimental validation via hardware-in-the-loop simulations or in test benches
Simon, Pascal. "Détection robuste et précoce des pannes oscillatoires dans les systèmes de commandes de vol." Thesis, Bordeaux 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR14377/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe research work done in this PhD has been caried out in the frame of an industrial convention (CIFRE) between the IMS laboratory and Airbus Operations S.A.S. The thesis deals with robust and early detection of oscillatory failures (OFC: Oscillatory Failure Case) in the Electrical Flight Control System. An oscillatory failure is an abnormal oscillation of a control surface due to component malfunction in control surface servoloops. OFCs have an influence on structural loads, aeroelasticity and controllability when located within the actuator bandwidth. The ability to detect these failures is very important because they have an impact on the structural design of the aircraft. Usual monitoring techniques cannot always guarantee to remain within an envelope with acceptable robustness. In this work, we develop a model based strategy to detect such failures with small amplitude at a very early stage. The monitoring strategy is based on dedicated non linear local filtering for on-line joint parameter/state estimation, allowing for model parameter variations during A/C flight. This strategy is associated with the same decision making rules as currently used for in-service Airbus A380. We propose a method for adjusting the tuning parameters so that various design goals and trades-off can be easily formulated and managed. The performance of the proposed fault detection scheme is measured by its detection delay, its propensity to issue false alarms and whether it permits a failure to go undetected. The proposed technique has been implemented and tested with success on Airbus test facilities including an A380 flight simulator
Bekaik, Mounir. "Commande des systèmes non linéaires à retard." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112411.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis is focused on three main objectives. The first goal is to develop a method of construction of state feedbacks without retarded terms that render the origin of timevarying nonlinear systems with a distributed input delay globally uniformly asymptotically stable.The second objective is the adaptation of the celebrated technique of construction of state feedbacks called ’backstepping’ to the case of nonlinear systems in feedback form with a pointwise constant delay in the input. The third aim of this thesis is to solve a problem of practical stabilization for a family of nonlinear systems with sampled retarded state feedbacks whose sampling instants depend on the value of the state variable of the system. Each of these three goals relies on the introduction of operators of a new type. Robustness results of Input-to-State-Stability type are established by using Lyapunov-Krasovskii functionals
Beciu, Andreea-Livia. "Commande robuste à haute performance sans capteur de position d'alterno-démarreurs à grande vitesse avec un fort couple à l'arrêt pour les avions plus électriques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLC078.
Повний текст джерелаThe aircraft manufacturers express the need to develop a more "electric" aircraft. This brings forward new requirements for the electric drive systems in terms of increasing the available on-board power and resource sharing in order to optimize the overall mass and cost. Among the ongoing studies on the evolution of motor drives, a particular interest is given to the development of multi-level brushless synchronous starter/generators (BSSG). These drives are likely to provide the high torque required to start-up the reactors to which they are associated. For this purpose, the knowledge, at any time, of the rotor position is essential. However, adding a dedicated sensor impacts on the design of the machine, increasing volume, cabling needs and cost. For this purpose, investigating on “sensorless” control laws will permit to avoid using such a sensor and to simplify the design of the Starter/Generators.Using a fine modelling of the machine, this work studies the conditions of feasibility for sensorless control and analyzes several techniques for this purpose. A new method of estimation of the shaft-position, particular to the BSSG architecture is proposed and then illustrated with experimental results. This technique is based on the processing of the existing harmonic components naturally in the stator of the machine and allows the estimation of the position at standstill and the very low speed. To extend the estimation to the whole speed range, a study of position estimation using a state observer using the complete model of the machine considering the knowledge of the existing (or injected) harmonic components in the stator currents is proposed. This observer can be applied to the brushless synchronous starter/generator but also on generic synchronous machines. In this study, its performance is illustrated on a permanent magnet synchronous machine
Mohamed, Ramadan Haitham Saad. "Non-linear control and stabilization of VSC-HVDC transmission systems." Thesis, Paris 11, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA112046/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe integration of nonlinear VSC-HVDC transmission systems in power grids becomes very important for environmental, technical, and economic reasons. These systems have enabled the interconnection of asynchronous networks, the connection of offshore wind farms, and the control of power flow especially for long distances. This thesis aims the non-linear control and stabilization of VSC-HVDC systems, with two main themes. The first theme focuses on the design and synthesis of nonlinear control laws based on Variable Structure Systems (VSS) for VSC-HVDC systems. Thus, the Sliding Mode Control (SMC) and the Asymptotic Output Tracking (AOT) have been proposed to provide an adequate degree of stability via suitable Lyapunov functions. Then, the robustness of these commands has been studied in presence of parameter uncertainties and/or disturbances. The compromise between controller’s robustness and the system’s dynamic behavior depends on the gain settings. These control approaches, which are robust and can be easily implemented, have been applied to enhance the system dynamic performance and stability level in presence of different abnormal conditions for different DC link lengths. The second theme concerns the influence of VSC-HVDC control on improving the AC network dynamic performance during transients. After modeling the Single Machine via VSC-HVDC system in which the detailed synchronous generator model is considered, the conventional PI controller is applied to the converter side to act on damping the synchronous machine power angle oscillations. This simple control guarantees the reinforcement of the system dynamic performance and the power angle oscillations damping of the synchronous machine in presence of faults
Vial, Rémi. "Vers un dimensionnement optimal structure-commande de système multi-convertisseurs. : Application aux réseaux de tramways." Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT114/document.
Повний текст джерелаOptimal design stucture-control of multi-converter systems. Application to a tramwaynetworkPower electronic is now widely used and allows better efficiency and performances. Wetalk about multi-converter to describe this complex system.Usually, to design this kind of system, engineers study each different part regardless ofpossible interactions. To avoid potential instability caused by this approximation, designershave to oversize input filter which lead to bulk solution.This thesis deals with system view use for design wide grid. A model is built automatically,and constraints are added, to take into account energy, dynamic and harmonicrequirements. Optimal and robust control are used to obtain the best design.This approach is used on a new power architecture for tramways, and allows a betterefficiency over operating cycle
Lavergne, Fabien. "Méthodologie de synthèse de lois de commandes non-linéaires et robustes : application au suivi de trajectoire des avions de transport." Toulouse 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU30248.
Повний текст джерелаThe work presented in this PhD thesis report is situated within the framework of the nonlinear and robust control of transport aircrafts. The purpose of this thesis is to couple the properties of nonlinear controllers (adaptation to the aircraft nonlinearities, explicit controllers synthesis, easy and decoupled setting once the synthesis is achieved, genericity of the obtained control laws) with essential robustness properties. Indeed, to guarantee the flight safety, both in manual handling and in automatic control, the control laws have to present strong robust stability and performances properties. After an introduction to the industrial and research context, a "techniques, methods and tools" part allows us to point out the thesis contributions in the nonlinear robust control and automatic modelling domains. The nonlinear robust control technique presented, called RMI control (for "Robust Multi-Inversion") is based on the now classical Nonlinear Dynamic Inversion (NDI) technique, notably studied at Airbus for some years (Fabrice VILLAUME, Jean DUPREZ), and is robustified by adding a complementary observation loop. We also present an automatic tool creating nonlinear, multivariable and embeddable models, as well as neural networks correlated methods. This tool is mandatory for the industrialization of our model-based flight control laws. Then the applicative part of the thesis underlines the specificities of the "aircraft" system and proposes flight control laws architectures, associated reference trajectories, and the advanced validation of the whole system by simulations performed on Airbus' certified simulator. Finally, after a conclusion on the main results and perspectives linked to the thesis, we propose annexes allowing to go further into the details of certain parts of our study
Abaunza, Gonzalez Hernán. "Robust tracking of dynamic targets with aerial vehicles using quaternion-based techniques." Thesis, Compiègne, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019COMP2480/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis work is to design control and navigation algorithms for tracking of dynamic ground targets using aerial vehicles. Quaternions, which provide an alternative to the classical representations of aerial vehicle dynamics, have been chosen as a basement to develop robust controllers and agile navigation algorithm, due to their advantages such as the absence of singularities and discontinuities and their mathematical simplicity when handling rotations. The quaternion-based control approaches explored in this thesis range from state feedback, passivity, and energy-based controllers, up to sliding modes, and three-dimensional saturation approaches. Then, autonomous and semi-autonomous navigation strategies for quadrotors were explored. An algorithm has been developed for controlling a quadrotor using gestures from a user wearing an armband. To facilitate the operation of multirotors in adverse scenarios, an aggressive deployment strategy has been proposed where a quadrotor is launched by hand With its motors turned off. Finally, autonomous navigation techniques for tracking dynamic targets have been designed. A trajectory generation algorithm based on differential equations has been introduced to track a land vehicle while describing circles. Finally a distributed path planning algorithm has been developed for a fleet of drones to autonomously track ground targets by solving an online optimization problem
Baklouti, Sana. "Vibration Analysis and Reduction of Cable-Driven Parallel Robots." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018ISAR0034/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis aims at improving the static positioning and trajectory tracking accuracy of Cable- Driven Parallel Robots (CDPRs) while considering their overall elasticity. Accordingly, two complementary control strategies that are valid for any CDPR configuration are proposed.First, a robustness analysis is performed to lead to a robust model-based control of CDPRs. As a result, an appropriate CDPR model is defined as a function of the targeted application and the main sources of CDPR moving-platforms pose errors are identified.A first control method is determined based on the results of the robustness analysis. This first method lies in the coupling of a model-based feed-forward control scheme for CDPR with a PID feedback controller.Here, an elasto-dynamic model of the CDPR is expressed to compensate the oscillatory motions of its moving-platform due to cable elongations and its dynamic behavior.The second control method uses input-shaping filters into the proposed model-based feed-forward control in order to cancel the oscillatory motions the movingplatform. Thus, the input signal is modified for the CDPR to self-cancel residual vibrations.Experimental validations are performed while using suspended and non-redundant CDPR prototype. The proposed feed-forward model-based control schemes are implemented, and their effectiveness is discussed.Results show the relevance of the proposed control strategies in terms of trajectory tracking accuracy improvement and vibration reduction
Tagne, Fokam Gilles. "Commande et planification de trajectoires pour la navigation de véhicules autonomes." Thesis, Compiègne, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014COMP2004/document.
Повний текст джерелаMy research focuses on trajectory planning and control of autonomous vehicles. This work is a part of an extremely ambitious project launched by the Heudiasyc laboratory about autonomous driving at high speed (longitudinal speed greater to 5m/s ~= 18 km/h). With regard to the control of autonomous vehicles at high speed, a lateral controler using higher-order sliding mode control is proposed. Given the implicit similarity between the sliding mode and the principle of immersion and invariance, two controllers using the principle of immersion and invariance have been subsequently proposed in order to improve the performance with respect to the sliding mode. The development of these new controllers shows very strong robust stability which leads us to study the intrinsic properties of the system. A study of the passivity properties of the system is also crried out, showing some interesting characteristics of the system. Hence, a robust passivity-based controller has been developed. Regarding the navigation, we have developed two navigation algorithms based on the tentacles method. Subsequently, a feasibility study of trajectory generation strategies for high speed driving is conducted. The outcome of the simulation proved that the algorithms gave out good results with respect to the expected ogjectives of obstacle avoidance and global reference path following. Control and motion planning algorithms developed were validated offline by simulation with real data. They have been also tested on a realistic simulator
Bel, Haj Frej Ghazi. "Estimation et commande décentralisée pour les systèmes de grandes dimensions : application aux réseaux électriques." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0139/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis focuses on the decentralized estimation and control for large scale systems. The objective is to develop software sensors that can produce a reliable estimate of the variables necessary for the interconnected nonlinear systems stability analysis. A decomposition of a such large system into a set of n interconnected subsystems is paramount for model simplification. Then, taking into account the nature of the subsystem as well as the interconnected functions, observer-based decentralized control laws have been synthesized. Each control law is associated with a subsystem which allows it to be locally stable, thus the stability of the overall system is ensured. The existence of an observer and a controller gain matrix stabilizing the system depends on the feasibility of an LMI optimization problem. The LMI formulation, based on Lyapunov approach, is elaborated by applying the DMVT technique on the nonlinear interconnection function, assumed to be bounded and uncertain. Thus, non-restrictive synthesis conditions are obtained. Observer-based decentralized control schemes have been proposed for nonlinear interconnected systems in the continuous and discrete time. Robust Hinfini decentralized controllers are provided for interconnected nonlinear systems in the presence of perturbations and parametric uncertainties. Effectiveness of the proposed schemes are verified through simulation results on a power systems with interconnected machines