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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Copper electrolyte"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Copper electrolyte"

1

Hoang, Nguyen Huy, and V. Yu Bazhin. "Improvement of monitoring and control system for copper electrolytic refining parameters." Izvestiya. Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, no. 3 (June 16, 2023): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.17073/0021-3438-2023-3-5-16.

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The utilization of modern automated control systems in copper cathode production offers the opportunity for remote access to control and regulate the electrolytic process parameters. This, in turn, enhances production efficiency while reducing energy costs. The significant parameters in copper electrolytic refining encompass the temperature and composition of the electrolyte, the circulation rate of the electrolyte, the level of sludge, and the frequency of short circuits occurring between the electrodes and the current density. These parameters directly impact the quantity and volume of catho

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2

Ouyang, Yixin, Yehui Zhang, Peter S. Rice, Li Shi, Jinlan Wang, and P. Hu. "Electrochemical CO2 reduction: water/catalyst interface versus polymer/catalyst interface." Journal of Materials Chemistry A 9, no. 32 (2021): 17474–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d1ta04867h.

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Alkaline polymer electrolyte electrolytic cells (APEECs) have the potential to replace aqueous-phase CO2 electrolyzer. Full reaction kinetics at polymer/copper interface is obtained to present a fundamental understanding of the superiority of APEECs.

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3

Belov, D. V., M. V. Maximov, S. N. Belyaev, T. I. Devyatkina, and G. A. Gevorgyan. "Effect of azo compounds on structure and mechanical properties of copper coating electrodeposited on oxidized aluminum alloys." Perspektivnye Materialy 6 (2021): 40–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.30791/1028-978x-2021-6-40-59.

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This article discusses a new method for producing copper electrolytic coatings with high performance properties applied to oxidized aluminum alloys. The purpose of this work is to reveal the effect of the azo compound additive, methyl red (MR), on the structure and physicomechanical properties of copper coatings deposited on oxidized aluminum. To achieve this goal, the following tasks were solved: the microstructure and adhesive properties of the copper coating formed on oxidized aluminum alloys were determined, and the physical and mechanical properties of the copper coating (microhardness, o

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4

Yaskelchyk, V. V., I. M. Zharsky, and A. A. Chernik. "Kinetic specifics of electrochemical deposition of copper on in citrate-ammonia copper plating electrolyte." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Chemical Series 60, no. 4 (2024): 290–99. https://doi.org/10.29235/1561-8331-2024-60-4-290-299.

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The practice of electrochemical research is inevitably associated with the need to study the kinetic features of the metal electrocrystallization process on a foreign or its own surface. The process of copper electrolytic deposition on a steel substrate (steel 3) from a citrate-ammonia copper plating electrolyte was studied, which includes (g / l): CuSOO – 100; (NH4)2SO4 – 120; citric acid (C6H8O7) – 53, NaOH – up to pH = 8.0. The uniqueness of the above electrolyte is that electrolytic copper plating of steel can be carried out without applying a preliminary sublayer (for example, nickel, 3 μ

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5

Kowalik, Patrycja, Dorota Kopyto, Mateusz Ciszewski, Michał Drzazga, and Katarzyna Leszczyńska-Sejda. "Purification of Industrial Copper Electrolyte from Bismuth Impurity." Minerals 12, no. 1 (2021): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/min12010036.

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This work focused on purifying copper electrolytes from a bismuth impurity on a laboratory scale. The electrolyte came from Polish copper electrorefineries with the content of main components, g/dm3: 49.6 Cu, 160 H2SO4. The electrolyte was enriched in bismuth by Bi2O3 addition. Purification of bismuth contamination was carried out using selected agents with adsorbing effects, such as barium hydroxide octahydrate, strontium carbonate, barium carbonate, barium and lead sulfates. The trials were performed until achieving the Bi level—below 0.1 g/dm3. During the experiments, it was noticed that el

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6

Sahlman, Mika, Jari Aromaa, and Mari Lundström. "Copper Cathode Contamination by Nickel in Copper Electrorefining." Metals 11, no. 11 (2021): 1758. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met11111758.

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Nickel behavior has a significant role in the electrorefining of copper, and although it has been extensively studied from the anode and electrolyte point of view over the past decades, studies on nickel contamination at the cathode are limited. In the current paper, three possible contamination mechanisms—particle entrapment, electrolyte inclusions and co-electrodeposition—were investigated. Copper electrorefining (Cu-ER) was conducted at the laboratory scale, and the cathodes were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) and flame atomic ab

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7

Kholodkova, A. G., A. A. Abrashov, N. S. Grigoryan, and T. A. Vahramyan. "Copper Plating Electrolyte Based on Oxyethylene Diphosphonic Acid Complexes." Practice of Anticorrosive Protection 29, no. 2 (2024): 50–58. https://doi.org/10.31615/j.corros.prot.2024.112.2-5.

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Currently, there are various electrolytes for the electrochemical deposition of copper coatings. The most used of them in industry for direct coating of steel are cyanide electrolytes. Obviously, the use of cyanide electrolytes is undesirable due to their high toxicity. In a number of countries, including the Russian Federation, standards have been established that prohibit or strictly regulate the use of cyanides in various technological processes. This study’s outcomes are connected with the development of an alternative alkaline copper plating electrolyte based on hydroxyethylidene diphosph

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8

Rokosz, K., T. Hryniewicz, and W. Malorny. "Characterization of Coatings Created on Selected Titanium Alloys by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation." Advances in Materials Science 16, no. 1 (2016): 5–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/adms-2016-0001.

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Abstract The SEM and EDS results of coatings obtained on pure niobium and titanium alloys (NiTi and Ti6Al4V) by Plasma Electrolytic Oxidation in the electrolytes containing of 300 g and 600 g copper nitrate in 1 litre of concentrated phosphoric acid at 450 V for 3 minutes, are presented. The obtained coatings are porous and consist mainly of phosphorus within titanium and copper. For each coating, the Cu/P ratios were calculated. The maximum of that coefficient was found for niobium and Ti6Al4V alloy oxidised in the electrolyte containing 600 g of Cu(NO3)2 in 1 dm3 of H3PO4 and equaling to 0.2

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9

Abdul Hamid, K., A. H. Badarisman, A. Jalar, and M. Abu Bakar. "Effects of electrolyte towards copper wire metallurgical interconnection in semiconductor." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2169, no. 1 (2022): 012013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2169/1/012013.

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Abstract Copper (Cu) wire has been extensively used in the semiconductors industry to replace gold wire because of its cost-effectiveness and high performance. However, it has a massive challenge because of its high oxidation rate, high hardness, and high susceptibility to corrosion which is time-sensitive under environmental conditions. One of the attractive factors to investigate is the electrolytes used in the assembly process of copper wire. However, these electrolyte chemicals may potentially affect the quality of the copper wire bond’s metallurgical interconnection, manifesting as copper

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10

Ianuta, A. S., G. S. Zadorozhnii, and Yu V. Shtephan. "A mathematical model of the copper plating process in restoration of road transport equipment parts." Russian Automobile and Highway Industry Journal 21, no. 2 (2024): 270–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.26518/2071-7296-2024-21-2-270-288.

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Introduction. The use of restored parts of motor vehicles makes it possible to reduce the financial costs of repairing equipment. The cost of the restored parts should not exceed 50% of the cost of the new part. Increasing the productivity (deposition rate) of an electrolytic copper coating during the restoration of parts of motor vehicles requires taking into account the technological and economic aspects of the restoration process. The study of the factors (deposition conditions) that most affect the deposition process of the copper coating, the analysis of the experimental results and its s

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Дисертації з теми "Copper electrolyte"

1

Xu, Mingming. "Electrochemical Kinetics Studies of Copper Anode Materials in Lithium Battery Electrolyte." Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1127139833.

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2

Yuan, Shi 1936. "Fabrication, performance and process optimization of solid electrolyte cells for electrochemical refining of copper." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/11448.

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3

McKevitt, Bethan Ruth. "Removal of iron by ion exchange from copper electrowinning electrolyte solutions containing antimony and bismuth." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/427.

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Анотація:

In order to increase the current efficiency in copper electrowinning tankhouses, iron can be removed from the electrolyte using ion exchange. While this is a proven technology, very little data is available for the application of this technology to copper electrowinning electrolytes containing antimony and bismuth. The feasibility of utilizing iron ion exchange for the removal of iron from copper electrowinning electrolytes containing antimony and bismuth was studied in the laboratory. Apicolylamine, a sulphonated diphosphonic, an aminophosphonic and three sulphonated monophosphonic resins wer

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4

Saracino, Martino [Verfasser]. "Self-Assembly of Ordered Pyridinium Layers at Halide Precovered Copper(100)/Electrolyte Interfaces / Martino Saracino." Bonn : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1238687776/34.

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5

Musella, Elisa. "Surface dynamic of copper nitroprusside as a cathode material: observation by XPS and SEM." Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2017. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/14456/.

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Nowadays, rechargeable Li-ion batteries play an important role in portable consumer devices. The formation of surface films on electrodes in contact with non-aqueous electrolytes in lithium-ion batteries has a deep impact on battery performance. A basic understanding of such films is necessary for the improvement of power sources. The surface chemistry and morphology of a cathode material, copper nitroprusside, have here been evaluated by X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and placed in relation to the performance of the electrodes. Interface forma

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6

Golks, Frederik [Verfasser]. "In situ Surface X-ray Diffraction Studies of the Copper-Electrolyte Interface: Atomic Structure and Homoepitaxial Growth / Frederik Golks." Kiel : Universitätsbibliothek Kiel, 2011. http://d-nb.info/1032619805/34.

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7

Magni, M. "COPPER AND RUTHENIUM COMPLEXES IN SENSITIZED SOLAR CELLS AND OPTOELECTRONICS." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/333099.

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In perfect harmony with the "Year of Light (IYL 2015)", the thesis has been entirely centered on the concept of Light involving the development of transition metal complexes for both the conversion of light into electric energy through dye-sensitized solar cells and, conversely, the production of light starting from electricity by fabrication of electroluminescent devices. The main part of the thesis has been devoted to the sunlight-to-electricity conversion, a target that is well contextualized within the global commitment for the progressive increase of the percentage of electric energy prod

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8

ISIDORO, ROBERTA A. "Desenvolvimento de eletrocatalisadores de PdM (M= Ni, Cu, Ag) para reação de redução de oxigênio em meio básico na ausência e presença de álcool." reponame:Repositório Institucional do IPEN, 2015. http://repositorio.ipen.br:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/26388.

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Submitted by Claudinei Pracidelli (cpracide@ipen.br) on 2016-06-22T13:42:56Z No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-22T13:42:56Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0<br>Tese (Doutorado em Tecnologia Nuclear)<br>IPEN/T<br>Instituto de Pesquisas Energeticas e Nucleares - IPEN-CNEN/SP

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9

Liu, Yu. "Aqueous Rechargeable Batteries with High Electrochemical Performance." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Chemnitz, 2017. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:ch1-qucosa-227357.

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Mit der Entwicklung der Weltwirtschaft steigt der Energieverbrauch weiterhin stark an. Darüber hinaus reduzieren sich die nicht erneuerbaren Energiequellen, wie Öl, Erdgas und Kohle und die Umweltverschmutzung wird größer. Daher soll die Energienutzung in eine neue, erneuerbare und umweltfreundliche Richtung gehen. Die Arbeit hat zum Ziel innovative, wässrige Akkumulatoren zu entwickeln. Im Allgemeinen können wässrige Akkumulatoren gemäß der Elektrolyte in drei verschiedenen Kategorien eingeteilt werden. Es gibt feste, organische und wässrige Elektrolyte einschließlich saurer, alkalischer und

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10

Stern, Heather A. G. (Heather Ann Ganung). "Electrolytic remediation of chromated copper arsenate wastes." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/35284.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, 2006.<br>This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.<br>Includes bibliographical references.<br>While chromated copper arsenate (CCA) has proven to be exceptionally effective in protecting wood from rot and infestation, its toxic nature has led to the problem of disposal of CCA-treated lumber and remediation of waters and soils contaminated by process wastes. The active ions in water-based CCA are hexavalen

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Книги з теми "Copper electrolyte"

1

Jeffers, T. H. Minimizing lead contamination in copper produced by solvent extraction-electrowinning. United States Dept. of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, 1985.

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2

Man, Elan See Wan. The electrochemistry of complex additive systems in acid copper plating electrolytes. University of Portsmouth, School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, 1999.

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3

Association, American Water Works, ed. Lead and copper rule compliance: How to conduct a corrosion control study : participant guide. American Water Works Association, 1993.

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4

Deni, Robert Michael. Chemical/electrolytic cleaning of lead anodes used at the INCO Copper Refinery electrowinning tankhouse. Laurentian University, School of Engineering, 1994.

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5

Ulke, Titus. Modern Electrolytic Copper Refining. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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6

Smith, H. C., and W. H. Wiard. Electrolytic Deposition of Copper from Matte. Creative Media Partners, LLC, 2018.

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7

Parker, Philip M. The World Market for Unrefined Copper, Blister Copper, and Copper Anodes for Electrolytic Refining Excluding Cement Copper: A 2007 Global Trade Perspective. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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8

The World Market for Unrefined Copper, Blister Copper, and Copper Anodes for Electrolytic Refining Excluding Cement Copper: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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9

The World Market for Copper, Copper Anodes for Electrolytic Refining, and Unwrought Copper Alloys: A 2004 Global Trade Perspective. Icon Group International, Inc., 2005.

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10

Parker, Philip M. The World Market for Copper, Copper Anodes for Electrolytic Refining, and Unwrought Copper Alloys: A 2007 Global Trade Perspective. ICON Group International, Inc., 2006.

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Частини книг з теми "Copper electrolyte"

1

Yamamoto, O. "Copper Solid Electrolyte-Copper(I) Halide and Alkali Halide Systems." In Fast Ion Transport in Solids. Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-1916-0_11.

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2

Zhong, S., T. Koch, M. Wang, M. Zhang, and T. Schimmel. "Copper Electrodeposition from Ultrathin Layer of Electrolyte." In Nanoscale Phenomena. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-00708-8_9.

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3

Maizelis, Antonnia, and Boris Bairachniy. "Copper Nucleation on Nickel from Pyrophosphate-Based Polyligand Electrolyte." In Springer Proceedings in Physics. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-92567-7_28.

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4

Wang, Zerui, Yi Meng, Chun Li, Jun Tie, and Rentao Zhao. "Effect of nodules on electrolyte flow and Cu2+ concentration distribution in copper electrolytic refining." In Advances in Energy, Environment and Chemical Engineering Volume 1. CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003330165-44.

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5

Kryst, Katerina, and Phillip (Rocky) Simmons. "Antimony and Bismuth Control in Copper Electrolyte by Ion Exchange." In The Minerals, Metals & Materials Series. Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-95022-8_176.

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6

Navarro, Luis, Tracy Morris, and Weldon Read. "Copper Refining Electrolyte Purification by the Use of Molecular Recognition Technology (MRT) for Bismuth Removal." In T.T. Chen Honorary Symposium on Hydrometallurgy, Electrometallurgy and Materials Characterization. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118364833.ch12.

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7

Yasmin, Farhana, Gyanaranjan Swain, Rajesh Deb, and Saumya R. Mohapatra. "Copper-Ion Conductive Solid Polymer Electrolyte (SPE)-Based Memristive Devices with Very Low Programming Voltage." In Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Nature Singapore, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-96-3758-4_1.

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8

Sekar, T., V. Sathiyamoorthy, K. Muthusamy, A. Sivakumar, and S. Balamurugan. "Artificial Fish Swarm Algorithm Driven Optimization for Copper-Nano Particles Suspended Sodium Nitrate Electrolyte Enabled ECM on Die Tool Steel." In Materials Forming, Machining and Tribology. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70009-6_5.

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9

Pavlović, M. G., K. I. Popov, S. B. Krstić, Lj J. Pavlović, and E. R. Ivanović. "Flowability of Electrolytic Copper Powder." In Materials Science Forum. Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/0-87849-971-7.247.

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10

Winkelmann, Jochen. "Diffusion coefficient of copper in mercury." In Diffusion in Gases, Liquids and Electrolytes. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-73735-3_1072.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Copper electrolyte"

1

Jeannotte, D. A., J. A. Roth, L. C. Hall, J. J. Steppan, and H. Whitlow. "Electrolytic Metal Migration of Copper." In CORROSION 1989. NACE International, 1989. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1989-89349.

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Abstract The pervasive use of copper for conductors in printed circuit board manufacture presents a risk to electronic device packages for failure from metal migration of copper between adjacent biased electrodes to produce an electrical short between the electrodes. The work reported here relates to test techniques for assessing that risk. Electrolytic copper migration was studied as a function of voltage and electrolyte conductivity in a model electrolyte system which provided repeatable shorting times under controlled conditions. Polyethylene glycol, molecular weight 400, was chosen as the

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2

Meilink, Sandra L., Mehrooz Zamanzadeh, Garry W. Warren, and Paul Wynblatt. "Modeling the Failure of Electronic Devices by Dendrite Growth in Bulk and Thin Layer Electrolytes." In CORROSION 1987. NACE International, 1987. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1987-87337.

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Abstract A model electronic device, consisting of two sputter-deposited copper conducting lines on an α-alumina substrate, has been subjected to electrochemical conditions which lead to failure by dendrite growth. The growth kinetics of copper dendrites have been determined when either the model substrates were immersed in bulk electrolytes or covered by thin layers (approximately 1.9 μm) of electrolyte. The electrolytes used in the study contained sulfuric acid (pH=1.0) with varying concentrations of dissolved copper ions. The experiments were performed poteniostatically by applying a cathodi

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3

Snider, David E., and Heather M. Ramsey. "Polymer Concrete for Structural Restoration and Corrosion Protection of Concrete Support Columns." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2009. SSPC, 2009. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2009-00047.

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A large copper mine and refinery in the western United States had a dilemma. Their cell house, which contains over 1,500 cells, each holding more than 20,000 gallons of electrolyte, had experienced severe corrosion and structural degradation of the support columns for the tanks. These columns support the cells in their solvent extraction and electrowinning process. This process entails immersion of a stainless steel cathode or “starter plate” into the electrolyte. Pure copper is deposited onto the starter plate during this 10-day digestion process. The collected copper is then further refined

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4

Azizah, Ninna Arifatun Nurul, Sentot Budi Rahardjo, Witri Wahyu Lestari, and Soerya Dewi Marliyana. "Synthesis and Characterization of Copper Complex Chelated with Phenobarbital Ligand." In 8th International Conference on Advanced Material for Better Future. Trans Tech Publications Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4028/p-n2rlar.

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The research is intended to synthesize copper(II) with Phenobarbital (PB) complex in 1 : 4 mole ratio. The sole reflux method is designated to synthesize reactant within methanol solvent. Cu(II) complex is characterized using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry (AAS), UV-Vis Spectrophotometer, Fourier-transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Thermogravimetric Analysis (TGA), Conductivity meter, and Magnetic Susceptibility Balance (MSB). The Cu(II)-PB complex signified 1 absorption peak at 517.5 nm with 2Eg → 2T2g transition. Complex is then composed by 6 electron donors of Cu ion-bound ligand,

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5

Rebak, Raúl B., and Paul Crook. "Influence of Alloying Elements, Temperature and Electrolyte Composition on the Corrosion Behavior of Nickel Based Alloys." In CORROSION 2000. NACE International, 2000. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2000-00499.

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Abstract Nickel can dissolve a large amount of alloying elements such as chromium, molybdenum and copper while maintaining a ductile gamma phase. Therefore, a wide range of nickel based alloys is available for application in highly aggressive environments. Some of these alloys are versatile and some others are specific and may be used only in certain environments. Laboratory corrosion testing results are presented to substantiate the applicability of the many types of nickel based alloys in several common service conditions, especially in aggressive alkaline and acidic environments.

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6

Wurth, Laura, and Ellis D. Verink. "Effect of Chromium and Copper Alloying Additions on Iron Exposed to Cyclic Wetting and Drying in a Sulfur Dioxide Atmosphere." In CORROSION 1995. NACE International, 1995. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1995-95303.

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Abstract During atmospheric corrosion, steels are subjected to alternate periods of wetting and drying as a result of precipitation and subsequent evaporation. Under these conditions, electrochemical reactions consist mainly of oxygen reduction and iron dissolution. Corrosion current can be monitored barometrically without disturbing the thin electrolyte layer present A barometric technique was used to study the effect of small chromium and copper additons on the drying behavior of pure iron subjected to alternate condensation/evaporation cycles in a sulfur-dioxide-contaminated atmosphere.

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Chacón, Andrés Alberto León, Javier Montañez Villamizar, and Ludy Andrea Prada Ardila. "Dealing with Pipelines with Positive Potentials - a Case of Study." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-09202.

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Abstract The structure to electrolyte potential survey is a useful and important test to evaluate cathodic protection systems. The structure to electrolyte potential values on carbon steel pipelines should be negative when the voltmeter positive terminal is connected to the structure and the negative terminal is connected to the copper sulfate reference electrode, however in this case study many of those values were electropositive. No operational mistakes in the measurements were found. Causes such as reversed rectifier connections, interference from other systems were not found. At locations

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Lim, Jeong-Min, Seung-Ho Ahn, Byung-Su Kim, and Jung-Gu Kim. "Galvanic Corrosion of Tinned Copper Coupled with Aluminium Alloy in Electric Vehicle." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19239.

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Abstract In this study, the galvanic corrosion behavior of the tinned Cu terminal coupled with Al–Mg–Si alloy was analyzed. When the Al, Sn and Cu were exposed to the electrolyte, tri–metallic galvanic corrosion occurred between them. The polarization curves show that the corrosion potential increases in the order: Al &lt; Sn &lt; Cu. Therefore, when the tinned Cu is coupled with Al–Mg–Si alloy, Al alloy with the lowest corrosion potential becomes the anode, while Cu with the highest corrosion potential becomes the cathode. Sn, which has an intermediate potential, becomes either anode

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Klechka, Ernest W., Gerhardus H. Koch, Angel R. Kowalski, Abdul Wahab Al-Mithin, and Emad Al-Nasser. "Cathodic Protection of Well Casings Using E-Log I Criteria." In CORROSION 2006. NACE International, 2006. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2006-06071.

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Abstract For well casings it is difficult to directly measure cathodic protection potentials along the length of the well casing. The E-log I criterion is described in RP0186-2001(1) “Application of Cathodic Protection for External Surfaces of Steel Well Casings”, which stated that adequate protection is achieved with “a voltage at least as negative (cathodic) as that originally established at the beginning of the Tafel segment of the E-log I curve. This voltage shall be measured between the structure surface and a saturated copper-copper sulfate half cell contacting the electrolyte.” In order

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Krissa, Len J., Jerry DeWitt, Pavan K. Shukla, and Xihua He. "Chemical and Electrical Stability of Reference Electrodes in Sand Bed Dosed with Volatile Corrosion Inhibitors." In CORROSION 2017. NACE International, 2017. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2017-09635.

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Abstract Various types of reference electrodes including Copper-Copper Sulfate (Cu/CuSO4) are widely used to monitor the structure to electrolyte potential of above-ground storage tank (AST) bottoms. Reference electrodes intended for long-term monitoring are installed under the tank bottom and typically difficult to be practically retrieved or replaced. Dependability of the reference electrodes is therefore of paramount importance since electrical and chemical instabilities would lead to erroneous potential measurements and contamination respectively. This work was conducted to diligently eval

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Звіти організацій з теми "Copper electrolyte"

1

Maddela, Claypool, and Fang. PR-446-133604-R01 Alternative Method for Potential Measurement on Buried or Submerged Pipeline. Pipeline Research Council International, Inc. (PRCI), 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.55274/r0010843.

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Missouri S and T investigated alternative new methods to the existing practice of measuring the structure-to-electrolyte potential to assess the level of cathodic protection (CP) of a buried pipeline. The measurement of a negative 850 mV DC pipeline to soil potential relative to a copper/copper sulfate reference electrode has been used for decades as a threshold value for sufficient CP to reduce external corrosion to an acceptable rate ( less than 0.001� per year). However, there is a need for an alternative method that more accurately depicts the corrosion rates of buried pipeline.

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2

Palmer, Donald, Pascale Benezeth, and J. Michael {Mike} Simonson. Behavior of Aqueous Electrolytes in Steam Cycles - The Final Report on the Solubility and Volatility of copper(I) and Copper(II) Oxides. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/930698.

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Chefetz, Benny, Baoshan Xing, Leor Eshed-Williams, Tamara Polubesova, and Jason Unrine. DOM affected behavior of manufactured nanoparticles in soil-plant system. United States Department of Agriculture, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7604286.bard.

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The overall goal of this project was to elucidate the role of dissolved organic matter (DOM) in soil retention, bioavailability and plant uptake of silver and cerium oxide NPs. The environmental risks of manufactured nanoparticles (NPs) are attracting increasing attention from both industrial and scientific communities. These NPs have shown to be taken-up, translocated and bio- accumulated in plant edible parts. However, very little is known about the behavior of NPs in soil-plant system as affected by dissolved organic matter (DOM). Thus DOM effect on NPs behavior is critical to assessing the

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