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Статті в журналах з теми "Critical Localism":
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Padley, Matt. "Delivering Localism: The Critical Role of Trust and Collaboration." Social Policy and Society 12, no. 3 (April 10, 2013): 343–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746413000134.
Анотація:
Debate regarding the relationship between individual and state has been prominent throughout the current UK government's term in office and localism has come to occupy a central role in current policy. This article argues that attempts to deliver this localist vision should focus on the critical role of social trust and that this is best developed through collaboration. The actions identified as necessary for delivering decentralisation are considered alongside a review of the view of localism articulated in Coalition policy. The article then explores collaboration and co-production as a means of strengthening social networks and delivering the promises of localism.
2
Meeuf, Russell. "Critical Localism, Ethical Cosmopolitanism andAtanarjuat." Third Text 21, no. 6 (November 2007): 733–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09528820701761129.
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Rule, John Stanley. "Practising Place: A Critical Approach to Localism." Cosmopolitan Civil Societies: An Interdisciplinary Journal 3, no. 1 (March 24, 2011): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/ccs.v3i1.1819.
Анотація:
This paper draws on empirical data from my doctoral research on the changing nature of inner city community development work. The professional identity of the community worker emerged in the 1970s and is linked to other emergent identities - the resident activist, social activist and community activist. Inner city community development work is in a state of flux and requires new investigative and analytical tools to help make sense of both its past, present and future. There are now more agencies and actors who would claim to be involved in community development and community building in inner city environments. Whilst it is clear that governing patterns have considerably challenged the role and the potential of what were once considered radical or alternative community development approaches, I argue that it is still possible to identify areas for productive engagement and development through what I have called practising place.
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Eagle, Robin, Aled Jones, and Alison Greig. "Localism and the environment: A critical review of UK Government localism strategy 2010–2015." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 32, no. 1 (January 17, 2017): 55–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269094216687710.
Анотація:
From 2010 to 2015, the UK coalition government sought to reduce the influence of central government and follow a strategy of localism. Devolution, bringing people closer to democratic process and strengthening communities, became a key point of emphasis. The belief was that localism and devolution would empower socially, help instigate economic innovation and lead to the establishment of greener, more environmentally conscious behaviour. The findings of this paper challenge this rationale. Through an analysis of community energy policy, this paper highlights how the strategy of localism that emerged during the coalition government’s tenure, did not allow pro-environmental schemes, such as community energy, to flourish. The significant scaling back of state funding and structure, which became a feature of the coalition government’s approach to localism, restricts the ability and desire for communities to positively affect their surroundings. It is the recommendation of this paper that future governments should look to emerging ‘eco-localism’ literature, and establish a model of localism that moves away from existing neoliberal perspectives of governance.
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Mac Ginty, Roger. "Where is the local? Critical localism and peacebuilding." Third World Quarterly 36, no. 5 (May 4, 2015): 840–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2015.1045482.
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Salter, Kat. "Emergent practices of localism: the role and response of local planning authorities to neighbourhood planning in England." Town Planning Review: Volume ahead-of-print ahead-of-print (August 1, 2020): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/tpr.2021.7.
Анотація:
This paper examines the practices of localism that are emerging in local planning authorities’ (LPAs) responses to neighbourhood planning (NP) in England. It argues that a lack of coherence within the localism agenda has enabled LPAs to rearticulate and resignify key concepts, with three discernible practices of localism and responses to NP emerging: the deflective, the reactive and the integrative. The LPAs have a critical role within the process and employ a range of technologies of government to govern the conduct of groups shaped largely around the role afforded to NP within their local plan.
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Sagar, Tracey, and Jodie Croxall. "New Localism: Implications for the Governance of Street Sex Work in England and Wales." Social Policy and Society 11, no. 4 (April 23, 2012): 483–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746412000176.
Анотація:
This article focuses on the escalating shift in power from the centre to ‘community’ with specific regard to the local governance of street sex work. With reference to reforms in local governance and sex work policy, we question what localism may mean for street sex workers as both vulnerable members of the community and also anti-social subjects. Our critical examination suggests that street sex workers are susceptible to increasing marginalisation and social exclusion. To counter this, it is argued that there needs to be greater attention and investment towards improving community cohesion and democracy for ‘all’ within the localist agenda.
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Ali, Christopher. "Critical Regionalism and the Policies of Place: Revisiting Localism for the Digital Age." Communication Theory 26, no. 2 (November 20, 2015): 106–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/comt.12091.
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Ilcan, Suzan, and Laura Connoy. "On Critical Localism and the Privatisation of Refuge: The Resettlement of Syrian Newcomers in Canada." Refugee Survey Quarterly 40, no. 3 (June 23, 2021): 293–314. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/rsq/hdab006.
Анотація:
Abstract Increases in displacement and forced migration is an enduring feature of many countries. Resettlement is a policy response to displacement, that relocates refugees from a country of asylum to a safe third country. Canada’s Private Sponsorship of Refugees Program is noteworthy. It allows non-profit organizations and volunteer groups to support newcomers during their first year in Canada and has especially aided resettlement of Syrian refugees on an international scale. We take a critical look at this programme by focusing on the social implications of private sponsorship and Syrian newcomers’ experiences of resettlement. We view private sponsorship initiatives as furthering processes that privatise decision-making, identify specific sponsorship groups as objects of policy, and transfer public authority to private citizens and non-profit organizations to encourage refugee resettlement. We argue that the privatising processes defining private sponsorship are further complicated within localised settings. Based on scholarly, policy, and programme documents, and extensive semi-structured interviews with Syrian newcomers in southern Ontario, Canada, we illuminate what we call “localising the privatisation of refuge,” which calls attention to the various networks, activities and relations of power that define and shape the local, and the processes and experiences of refuge that take place within.
10
Demirel, Ahmet. "Representation of the Eastern and Southeastern Provinces in the Turkish Parliament during the National Struggle and Single-Party Era (1920–1946)." New Perspectives on Turkey 44 (2011): 73–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s089663460000594x.
Анотація:
AbstractThis article examines the socio-economic background of the parliamentary deputies serving during the years of the national struggle (1920–1922) and the single-party era (1923–1946) and provides new statistical data collated from recently published, detailed biographical information. I will provide a critical analysis of the socio-economic background of the deputies elected to represent the eastern and southeastern regions of Turkey and offer localism—defined as being born in the and from the constituency one represents—as a key concept to allow a better understanding of the nature of the electoral process at that time. Although localism—which can be regarded as one of the important indicators of authentic representation—was extensive during the years of the national struggle, it was replaced by bureaucratic representation during the single-party era, especially starting with the 1927 elections held right after the Sheikh Sait Rebellion. The article relates the Kurdish rebellions to the problem of representation in parliament and shows that in the rebellions' aftermath the number of the local representatives rapidly decreased. It further documents that, with the introduction of multi-party politics and democratic, free, competitive elections after the World War II, a return to localism can be observed for the eastern and southeastern provinces of Turkey.
Дисертації з теми "Critical Localism":
1
van, den Bos Clara. "Who are the locals? : Portrayal of local actors in localisation." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-446879.
Анотація:
In recent years localisation has risen on the agenda in the humanitarian sector. It is seen to have great deal of benefits including being more cost efficient, more sensitive to culture and context and offers quicker responses. Opponents to this claim that it is too difficult to know whichactors can be trusted and that there is a risk that they do not comply with the humanitarian principles. In addition to this, concerned voices have risen that criticise the use of the term ‘local’. It lacks a common definition and is often used without a discussion of who it refers to. Changing this is of vital importance if the humanitarian sector wants to work against the power imbalances that remain from colonialism. Critical localism is a theory that criticises this arbitrary use of ‘local’ and sets out a framework for a variety of factors that should be taken into consideration when discussing and defining the ‘local’. This thesis is a case study conducted through a theoretical thematic analysis thatinvestigates if the localisation initiative Local to Global Protection complies with the guidelines of critical localism, with an additional focus on Eurocentric presence in academic work. The results from this study can be used to shed light on the problem with an arbitrary portrayal of ‘local’ while also offering real examples from the humanitarian field on how to avoid it. The findings showed that the initiative complied with the guidelines to a large degree. Its strongest area was the way ‘locals’ were presented from their own point of view instead of letting large international actors present their view of them. The part that showed most room for improvement was the lack of representation of the authors own bias in the portrayal of the ‘local’.
2
Self, Jonathan. "Impacts of COVID-19 on the Relationships Between Local and International Humanitarian Actors: The Case of Lebanon and the 4 August 2020 Beirut Port Explosions." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Teologiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445120.
Анотація:
This thesis analyzes the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on relationships between international and local humanitarian actors responding to the 4 August 2020 Beirut Port Explosion. The concepts of “the local”, localization, inequality, and remote management provide a theoretical framework for this analysis. Data collection for this case study research includes a review of published and grey literature, and five video interviews with staff of local and international humanitarian organizations in Beirut. Empirical findings show that local-international inequalities—in the forms of limited access, recognition,and control—have been observed in Beirut and Lebanon for decades, and persisted during the port explosion response. This research further suggests that COVID-19 has contributed to an increase in inequality, most notably by reducing the participation of local actors in humanitarian coordination meetings, and disproportionately transferring risk from international to local actors due to a reliance on remote management. Findings also show that the port explosion caused an influx of funding that was disproportionately directed to international actors, and the economic crisis created a currency devaluation that has exacerbated local-international wage disparities and threatened to limit the reach of local NGO activities. Despite the strength of the civil society—shaped by a strong education system, decades of working through crisis, and government inaction—local actors have often been excluded from humanitarian practice in Beirut and Lebanon. At the same time, findings highlight increases in equality: some local actors adapted more quickly than international actors to COVID-19 and were able to leverage their strengths to receive more funding and greater leadership in the port explosion response. These movements demonstrate adaptability in humanitarian practice that would be critically required in any future reform. This thesis concludes with two recommendations: (1) the use of remote management due to COVID-19 is likely problematic and requires further research to identify best practices; and (2) critical localization provides a useful framework to analyze and mitigate the persistence of local-international inequalities infuture humanitarian responses, and helps to find a meaningful way forward.
3
Medvecka, Zuzana. "Etudes magnétiques locales des supraconducteurs exotiques." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAY053/document.
Анотація:
Le sujet de ce travail a été une étude détaillée du supraconducteur CuxTiSe2. Des échantillons avec différentes teneurs en cuivre x, ont été étudiés par magnétométrie locale à sonde de Hall. Nous avons tout d'abord construit les profils de champ magnétique dans les échantillons pour déterminer quand les premiers vortex pénètrent dans l'échantillon. La forme en dôme des profils a indiqué que le piègeage est très faible et que la pénétration des vortex est principalement régie par des barrières géométriques, ce qui nous a permis de déterminer le champ critique inférieur, Hc1. Un bon accord entre la théorie et Hc1 (T) a été obtenu en utilisant un modèle à deux gaps, même si l'origine du plus petit de ces gaps ne peut être liée à la structure électronique de CuxTiSe2 . En combinant ces mesures avec des mesures de chaleur spécifique effectuées précédemment sur ces échantillons, nous avons obtenu un comportement non trivial de l'énergie de condensation. En outre, les mesures effectuées pour diverses orientations du champ magnétique ont révélé la présence d'un effet de "lock-in" dans CuxTiSe2, montrant que les vortex restent piégés le long d'une structure en couches même pour les champs magnétiques inclinés. L'orientation des vortices a été déterminée expérimentalement et a pu être bien décrite par un modèle tenant compte de la présence d'une "sur-structure" dans laquelle la supraconductivité est - au moins - partiellement détruite. Cet effet de lock-n a été analysé sur trois échantillons et nous avons montré que la force de piégeage est indépendante du dopage du cuivre. La nature de cette sur-structure est encore inconnue mais pourrait être liée à l'observation récente de parois de domaine des ondes de densité de charge, qui pourraient induire de fortes variations du paramètre d'ordre supraconducteurThe subject of this work was a detailed study of superconducting CuxTiSe2. Samples with various copper content x, from underdoped to overdoped regions of the phase diagram, were investigated by local Hall probe magnetometry. At first, we constructed the magnetic field profiles in the samples to determine when the first vortices penetrate into the sample. The observed dome-like shape of the profiles indicated that pinning is very small and that the vortex penetration is primarily governed by geometrical barriers, hence enabling us to determine the lower critical field, Hc1. A good agreement between theory and the Hc1(T) data was obtained by using a model with two energy gaps, even though the origin of the smaller energy gap in CuxTiSe2 cannot be related to its electronic structure. Combining those measurements with heat capacity measurements previously performed on these samples, we obtained a non trivial condensation energy. Moreover, measurements performed for various orientations of the magnetic field revealed the presence of a lock-in effect in CuxTiSe2, when superconducting vortices are trapped along a layered structure even for tilted magnetic fields. The orientation of the vortices was experimentally determined and could be well described by a model considering the presence of an additional layered structure in which superconductivity is at least partially suppressed. The lock-in effect was analysed in three different samples and we have shown that the strength of the lock-in is independent of the copper doping, even though this effect can be masked by strong demagnetisation effects in very thin samples. The strength of this lock-in effect indicates that the superconductivity is strongly suppressed on certain layered structure. The nature of this "extrinsic" pinning structure is still unknown but might be related to the recent observation of charge density waves domain walls which may induce strong variations of the superconducting order parameter
4
Phahladira, Martha Thapelo. "A critical Evaluation of the Locality Rule regarding the rural health care service in Public Sector." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/75388.
Анотація:
The South African health sector encounters significant challenges of inequality in terms of access to health care services. A ‘quadruplet burden of disease’ does not make access to health any easier. Patient’s access to health care can be hindered by the patient’s residential area. Rural patients are faced with hospitals that do not have specialist care while urban areas are swamped with patient who need specialist care. Medical general practitioners’ scope of practice is limited and that creates challenges when patients need specialised care in a resource constrained environment. The time it takes for the patient in public health sector to access health services may be affected by their locality. The same challenges may be experienced by patient in private sector with medical Aids who are residing in the rural areas. The state’s impression is that demand is more than supply. On the other hand the court pursues justice for people who do not receive timeous access to healthcare. The study will be researching on locality issues that can jeopardise the standard of care. Although The Health Professions Council of South Africa is silent about the Locality Rule but it has unanimously adopted prerequisites and contraindications for using the Locality Rule as a defence. The Council has a duty in terms of Health Professional Act 56 of 1974 to uphold patient safety. The work seeks to understand the origin of the locality rule, its application in terms of the Constitution of the Republic Of South Africa, case law and relevant legislature. The work will also take into consideration the historical background of the South African health system and its responsibility in advancing socioeconomic rights for the citizens of South Africa. The prerequisite for using resource constrains and special circumstances will be discussed.Dissertation (MPhil)--University Of Pretoria, 2020.
Public Law
MPhil
Unrestricted
5
Tassion, Vincent. "Planarité et Localité en Percolation." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01061007.
Анотація:
Cette thèse s'inscrit dans l'étude mathématique de la percolation, qui regroupe une famille de modèles présentant une transition de phase. Des avancées majeures au cours des quinze dernières années, notamment l'invention du SLE et la preuve de l'invariance conforme de la percolation de Bernoulli critique, nous permettent aujourd'hui d'avoir une image très complète de la percolation de Bernoulli sur le réseau triangulaire. Cependant, de nombreuses questions demeurent ouvertes, et ont motivé notre travail.La première d'entre elle est l'universalité de la percolation plane, qui affirme que les propriétés macroscopiques de la percolation plane critique ne devraient pas dépendre du réseau sous-jacent à sa définition. Nous montrons, dans le cadre de la percolation Divide and Color, un résultat qui va dans le sens de cette universalité et identifions, dans ce contexte, des phénomènes macroscopiques indépendants du réseau microscopique. Une version plus faible d'universalité est donnée par la théorie de Russo-Seymour-Welsh (RSW), et sa validité est connue pour la percolation de Bernoulli (sans dépendance) sur les réseaux plans suffisamment symétriques. Nous étudions de nouveaux arguments de type RSW pour des modèles de percolation avec dépendance. La deuxième question que nous avons abordée est celle de l'absence d'une composante connexe ouverte infinie au point critique, une question importante du point de vue physique, puisqu'elle traduit la continuité de la transition de phase. Dans deux travaux en collaboration avec Hugo Duminil-Copin et Vladas Sidoravicius, nous montrons que la transition de phase est continue pour la percolation de Bernoulli sur le graphe Z^2x{0,...,k}, et pour la percolation FK sur le réseau carré avec paramètre q inférieur ou égal à 4. Enfin, la dernière question qui nous a guidés est la localité du point critique : la donnée des boules de grands rayons d'un graphe suffit-elle à identifier avec une bonne précision la valeur du point critique? Dans un travail en collaboration avec Sébastien Martineau, nous répondons de manière affirmative à cette question dans le cadre des graphes de Cayley de groupes abéliens.
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Wallace, Rick. "Grassroots community-based peacebuilding : critical narratives on peacebuilding and collaboration from the locality of indigenous and non-indigenous activists in Canada." Thesis, University of Bradford, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4278.
Анотація:
As developed throughout the dissertation's chapters, I combined a number of different and interconnected agendas with the overall goal being to strengthen and revitalize the field of conflict resolution and peacebuilding research in a number of ways. First, I critiqued the past and current peacebuilding literature in order to present its theoretical, methodological and substantive gaps and inadequacies. Second, I argued for a recognition of the interconnectedness of methodology, reflexivity and knowledge/power in general, and more specifically within the peacebuilding literature. Third, my theoretical and methodological framework constituted a distinctive exemplar for conflict resolution and peacebuilding that begins to ground our research questions, methodologies and discourses as situated knowledges within relations of power. Fourth, I argued academic peacebuilding discourses and practices are not neutral but inherently involved in larger social relations. Fifth, I presented the critical narratives from the locality of Indigenous and non-Indigenous grassroots activists in order to shift the spotlight of peacebuilding discourses and practices onto the transformative possibilities of grassroots community-based peace building. I continued with a reformulated theorization of grassroots community peacebuilding as alternative geographies of knowledge, place-based practices and counter-narratives, important in themselves, and as part of a glocality of bottom-up transformative change. Finally, I conclude with a call for a renewing of the field of Conflict resolution and Peacebuilding based on social justice and community-based praxis.
7
Ozyurt, Emre. "Behaviour of welded tubular structures in fire." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/behaviour-of-welded-tubular-structures-in-fire(15601ab3-8f6c-4e64-ba1a-6201e66e9e16).html.
Анотація:
This thesis presents the results of a research project to develop methods to carry out fire safety design of welded steel tubular trusses at elevated temperatures due to fire exposure. It deals with three subjects: resistance of welded tubular joints at elevated temperatures, effects of large truss deflection in fire on member design and effects of localised heating. The objectives of the project are achieved through numerical finite element modelling at elevated temperatures using the commercial Finite Element software ABAQUS v6.10-1 (2011). Validation of the simulation model for joints is based on comparison against the test results of Nguyen et al. (2010) and Kurobane et al. (1986). Validation of the simulation model for trusses is through checking against the test results of Edwards (2004) and Liu et al. (2010).For welded tubular joints, extensive numerical simulations have been conducted on T-, Y-, X-, N- and non-overlapped K-joints subjected to brace axial compression or tension, considering a wide range of geometrical parameters. Uniform temperature distribution was assumed for both the chord and brace members. Results of the numerical simulations indicate for gap K- and N-joints (two brace members, one in tension and the other in compression) and for T-, Y- and X-joints with the brace member under axial tensile load (one brace member only, in tension), it is suitable to use the same ambient temperature calculation equation as in the CIDECT (2010) or EN 1993-1-8 (CEN, 2005a) design guides and simply replace the ambient temperature strength of steel with the elevated temperature value. However, for T-, Y- and X-joints under brace compression load (one brace member only, in compression), the effect of large chord deformation should be considered. Large chord deformation changes the chord geometry and invalidates the assumed yield line mechanism at ambient temperature. For approximation, the results of this research indicate that it is acceptable to modify the ambient temperature joint strength by a reduction factor for the elastic modulus of steel at elevated temperatures. In the current fire safety design method for steel truss, a member based approach is used. In this approach, the truss member forces are calculated at ambient temperature based on linear elastic analysis. These forces are then used to calculate the truss member limiting temperatures. An extensive parametric study has been carried out to investigate whether this method is appropriate. The parametric study encompasses different design parameters over a wide range of values, including truss type, joint type, truss span-to-depth ratio, critical member slenderness, applied load ratio, number of brace members, initial imperfection and thermal elongation. The results of this research show that due to a truss undergoing large displacements at elevated temperatures, some truss members (compression brace members near the truss centre) experience large increases in member forces. Therefore, using the ambient temperature member force, as in the current truss fire safety design method, may overestimate the truss member critical temperature by 100 °C. A method has been proposed to analytically calculate the increase in brace compressive force due to large truss deformation. In this method, the maximum truss displacement is assumed to be span/30. A comparison of the results calculated using the proposed method against the truss parametric study results has shown good agreement with the two sets of results, with the calculation results generally being slightly on the safe side. When different members of a truss are heated to different temperatures due to localised fire exposure, the brace members in compression experience increased compression due to restrained thermal expansion. To calculate the critical temperature of a brace member in a localised heated truss, it is necessary to consider this effect of restrained thermal expansion. It is also necessary to consider the beneficial effects of the adjacent members being heated, which tends to reduce the increase in compressive force in the critical member under consideration. Again, an extensive set of parametric studies have been conducted, for different load ratio, slenderness and axial restraint ratio. The results of this parametric study suggest that to calculate the critical temperature of a brace member, it is not necessary to consider the effects of the third or further adjacent members being heated. For the remainder of the heated members, this thesis has proposed a linear elastic, static analysis method at ambient temperature to calculate the additional compressive force (some negative, indicating tension) in the critical member caused by the heated members (including the critical member itself and the adjacent members). The additional compressive force is then used to calculate the limiting temperature of the critical member. For this purpose, the approximate analytical equation of Wang et al. (2010) has been demonstrated to be suitable.
8
Zhang, Huayu. "Contribution à l'optimisation de la teneur en azote des aciers inoxydables austeno-ferritiques économiques par l'étude du comportement en corrosion à l'aide de sondes locales." Thesis, Dijon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011DIJOS046.
Анотація:
En raison de leurs excellentes propriétés mécaniques, couplées à une bonne résistance à la corrosion par piqûres et à un coût modéré (basse teneur en nickel et en molybdène), les aciers inoxydables austéno-ferritiques (dits aciers inoxydables duplex) sont largement utilisés dans de nombreux secteurs industriels. Les aciers inoxydables duplex ont une microstructure complexe composée à proportion équivalente d’austénite et de ferrite. L’austénite ayant une composition chimique différente de celle de la ferrite, un film hétérogène se forme à la surface des aciers inoxydable duplex. Par ailleurs, les deux phases métalliques ayant des propriétés mécaniques différentes, un champ de contraintes hétérogènes est généré dans les grains. Sous certaines conditions, l’existence de gradients de contraintes peut conduire à des hétérogénéités du film passif. Dans cette étude, l’effet d’un vieillissement de longue durée dans un milieu contenant des chlorures sur la composition chimique du film passif a été tout d’abord étudié. Le comportement en corrosion de certains alliages duplex a été ensuite déterminé à partir d’essais TCP (détermination de la température critique de piqûration). Les résultats ont été analysés en tenant compte des informations obtenues précédemment. Après vieillissement, l’épaisseur du film passif et le rapport Cr/Fe ont significativement augmenté. La distribution des chlorures dans le film passif est hétérogène. Cette distribution a été reliée à la microstructure du matériau et au champ de contraintes résiduelles. Il a été montré qu’elle influence le comportement électrochimique du matériau. Le comportement en corrosion est ensuite analysé à l’aide des courbes de polarisation locales. Des critères métallurgiques ont été proposés pour l’amorçage de piqûresDuplex stainless steels (DSS) are highly important engineering materials, due to their generally high corrosion resistance combined with high strength and moderate alloy cost (lower nickel and molybdenum content). They are widely used in various industrial sectors. DSS have a complex microstructure with comparable volume of austenite and ferrite. Due to differences in chemical composition between austenite and ferrite, a heterogeneous passive film is formed on both phases. In addition, due to differences in mechanical properties, a heterogeneous stress field may be generated in metallic grains. Under certain conditions, these differences may also yield formation of a heterogeneous passive film. In this work, the influence of long-term ageing in chloride-containing media by on the chemical composition of the passive film was first studied by means of XPS and Auger at the microscale. The corrosion behaviour of some duplex stainless steels was then determined from CPT tests (determination of the critical pitting temperature). Results were analysed taking into account information obtained previously. After ageing, the thickness and the ratio Cr/Fe are significantly increased. The chloride distribution in the passive film was heterogeneous. It was related to the microstructure and the residual strain field. It was shown that this distribution modifies the electrochemical behaviour of samples. The corrosion behaviour was then analysed from local polarization curves and CPT tests. Metallurgical criteria for pitting were proposed
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Ba, Djiby. "Contribution à l'effet des éléments d'alliage sur la résistance à la corrosion de nuances duplex exposées à des environnements simulant leur marché d'application par le biais d'approches locales." Thesis, Dijon, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DIJOS060.
Анотація:
Les aciers inoxydables duplex (DSS) sont caractérisés par une structure biphasée comprenant un mélange de ferrite et d’austénite. La proportion entre les deux phases est d'habitude environ 50 %. Ils sont de plus en plus employés dans les industries chimiques, pétrochimiques, nucléaires, marines et de papier, principalement en raison de leurs excellentes propriétés mécaniques couplées à une bonne résistance à la corrosion par piqûre (basse teneur en nickel et molybdène). L’austénite ayant une composition chimique différente de celle de la ferrite, un film hétérogène se forme à la surface des aciers inoxydable duplex. Par ailleurs, les deux phases métalliques ayant des propriétés mécaniques différentes, un champ de contrainte hétérogène est généré dans les grains. Sous certaines conditions, l’existence de gradients de contraintes peut conduire à des hétérogénéités du film passif. Dans ce travail , on étudie l’effet des éléments d’alliages sur les propriétés physico-chimiques du film passif et le comportement en corrosion par piqures avant et après vieillissement en milieu chlorurés, pour une surface de référence respectant certains critères à savoir une surface lisse exempt de tout défauts (pas de couche écrouie, rugosité faible..). Les propriétés physico- chimiques du film sont étudiés à l’aide des analyses Auger et XPS à l’échelle locale et globale. Le comportement en corrosion des alliages duplex a été ensuite déterminé à partir d’essais TCP (détermination de la température critique de piqûration). Les résultats avant vieillissement ont montré que le film passif est homogène à l’échelle macroscopique et que l’amorçage des piqûres semblent être liée à la taille des grains et à la texture cristallographique décrit par le GOS. Après vieillissement de longue durée en milieu représentatif, les analyses de surface montrent un renforcement de la passivité par un épaississement du film passif, une augmentation significative du rapport Cr/Fe ce qui ont pour effet d’améliorer le comportement en corrosion par piqures des alliages. Des critères métallurgiques ont été proposés pour expliquer l’amorçage de piqûres pour ces alliagesDuplex stainless steels (DSS) are characterized by a two-phase structure comprising a mixture of ferrite and austenite. The proportion between the two phases is usually about 50%. They are increasingly used in the chemical, petrochemical, nuclear, marine and paper, mainly because of their excellent mechanical properties coupled with good resistance to pitting corrosion (low grade nickel and molybdenum). The austenite having a different chemical composition than the ferrite, a heterogeneous film is formed on the surface of duplex stainless steels. Furthermore, the two metallic phases having different mechanical properties, a field of heterogeneous stress is generated in the grains. Under certain conditions, these differences may also yield formation of a heterogeneous passive film. In this work, we study the effect of alloying elements on the physico-chemical properties of the passive film and behavior pitting corrosion before and after ageing in chloride media for a reference surface that meet certain criteria ie a smooth surface free from any defects (no hardened layer .. low roughness). The physicochemical properties of the film are studied using Auger and XPS analysis at the microscale. The corrosion behavior of duplex alloys was then determined from CPT tests (determination of the Critical Pitting Temperature). The results before ageing have shown that the passive film is homogeneous on a macroscopic scale and that pitting corrosion appear to be related to the grain size and crystallographic texture described by GOS. After ageing, surface analysis shows a strengthening of passivity by thickening of the passive film and the ratio Cr/Fe are significantly increased which has the effect of improving behavior pitting alloys. Metallurgical criteria for pitting were proposed
10
Berthier, Serge. "Théories de la fonction diélectrique optique des milieux inhomogènes : application aux propriétés électromagnétiques des cermets." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066283.
Анотація:
Analyse comparative des différentes théories de la fonction diélectrique optique des milieux inhomogènes aléatoires macroscopiques (MIAM). Résultats expérimentaux sur le comportement diélectrique de 5 échantillons au-MGO dont la concentration volumique en métal n'excède pas 0,41; apparition de la résonnance de plasmon de surface sur tous les échantillons entre 550 et 600 nm. Nouvelles approches: théorie de Bruggeman modifiée, méthode des groupes de renormalisation. Applications dans les capteurs solaires
Книги з теми "Critical Localism":
1
Garofalo, Giuseppe, ed. Capitalismo distrettuale, localismi d'impresa, globalizzazione. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-8453-605-1.
Анотація:
From the late Sixties on, industrial development in Italy evolved through the spread of small and medium sized firms, aggregated in district networks, with an elevated propensity to enterprise and the marked presence of owner-families. Installed within the local systems, the industrial districts tended to simulate large-scale industry exploiting lower costs generated by factors that were not only economic. The districts are characterised in terms of territorial location (above all the thriving areas of the North-east and Centre) and sector, since they are concentrated in the "4 As" (clothing-fashion, home-decor, agri-foodstuffs, automation-mechanics), with some overlapping with "Made in Italy". How can this model be assessed? This is the crucial question in the debate on the condition and prospects of the Italian productive system between the supporters of its capacity to adapt and the critics of economic dwarfism. A dispassionate judgement suggests that the prospects of "small is beautiful" have been superseded, but that the "declinist" view, that sees only the dangers of globalisation and the IT revolution for our SMEs is risky. The concept of irreversible crisis that prevails at present is limiting, both because it is not easy either to "invent", or to copy, a model of industrialisation, and because there is space for a strategic repositioning of the district enterprises. The book develops considerations in this direction, showing how an evolution of the district model is possible, focusing on: gains in productivity, scope economies (through diversification and expansion of the range of products), flexibility of organisation, capacity to meld tradition and innovation aiming at product quality, dimensional growth of the enterprises, new forms of financing, active presence on the international markets and valorisation of the resources of the territory. It is hence necessary to reactivate the behavioural functions of the entrepreneurs.
2
Saraceno, Benedetto. Discorso globale, sofferenze locali: Analisi critica del Movimento di salute mentale globale. Milano: Il saggiatore, 2014.
3
Ali, Christopher. The Political Economy of Localism. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040726.003.0007.
Анотація:
In Chapter 6, the case studies are analyzed through the frameworks of critical regionalism and critical political economy. The first section describes how a political economy of localism has come to exist within media policy discourse. This system favors the status quo over alternatives, tethers local media exclusively to specific places, and impedes our ability to think through ways to bridge the spatial and social divides of localism. The second section reintroduces critical regionalism as an approach that tempers this political economy. The chapter argues that while the political economy of localism works to stifle policy alternatives, there are policy windows – “moments of critical regionalism” – that require our attention. The chapter offers a definition of media localism based on critical regionalism and the case studies.
4
Griggs, Steven, David Howarth, and Eleanor Mackillop. The Meta-Governance of Austerity, Localism, and Practicesof Depoliticization. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198748977.003.0009.
Анотація:
This chapter contributes to ‘second-generation’ accounts of depoliticization through the critical assessment of the meta-governance of English local authorities under conditions of austerity. It draws on the grammar of post-structuralism to examine the case of a county council and how in the context of the 2010 public spending cuts, its corporate centre sought, but ultimately failed, to implement a system of ‘integrated commissioning’. The chapter focuses on the discursive and rhetorical strategies to de-contest this project of organizational change, foregrounding how the rhetoric of austerity was deployed to depoliticize proposals for change. Such strategies of depoliticization, as counter-attempts to decouple austerity from integrated commissioning demonstrates, are always open to contestation, such that the complex interactions of politicization and depoliticization strategies cannot be divorced from accounts of local agency and the politics of hegemony. This chapter thus concludes against hasty characterizations of the depoliticizing practices of neo-liberal meta-governance.
5
Ali, Christopher. Introduction. University of Illinois Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5406/illinois/9780252040726.003.0001.
Анотація:
The introductory chapter introduces the reader to the concept of localism in both broadcast policy and critical theory. It also provides a brief historical overview of local broadcast policy in the United States, Canada and United Kingdom, and unpacks the methods and methodologies employed in the research. More specifically, it discusses the value of document analysis and interviews to critical media policy studies, explains critical discourse analysis, and introduces the concept of critical regionalism which will be further explicated in chapter 1. Additionally, the chapter introduces the reader to two terms coined in the book: “the political economy of localism” and “default localism.” The chapter concludes with an outline of the chapters to follow.
6
Sweetman, William, Bettina E. Schmidt, Steven Sutcliffe, and Christopher R. Cotter. Critical Study of Non-Religion: Discourse, Identification and Locality. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2020.
7
Competencias de los entes locales: Articulacion, analisis y su critica (Publicaciones FVMP). Federacio Valenciana de Minicipis i Provincies, 1993.
8
(Editor), Terry Marsden, Philip Lowe (Editor), and Sarah Whatmore (Editor), eds. Labour and Locality: Uneven Development and the Rural Labour Process (Critical Perspectives on Rural Change Series, 4). David Fulton Pub, 1995.
9
Lowe, Philip, and Terry Marsden. Labour and Locality: Uneven Development and the Rural Labour Process (Critical Perspectives on Rural Change Series IV). David Fulton Pub, 1992.
10
Kivisto, Peter. Historians and Sociologists Debate Transnationalism. Edited by Ronald H. Bayor. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199766031.013.023.
Анотація:
This article examines the role played by the idea of transnationalism in immigrant studies during the past quarter of a century. It does so by first reviewing its developmental phase, which was influenced by a postnational perspective that contended that the salience of the nation-state was declining and by an epistemological critique of methodological nationalism. This is followed by an overview of the main claims of the critics, followed by subsequent revisions, which include a rethinking of the relationship between transnationalism and assimilation and a consideration of assertions that what is at stake is actually bi-localism or translocalism, rather than connections made at the national level. The article concludes by revising slightly Waldinger’s contention that nations remain powerful agents in determining who gets to cross borders and which individuals will be permitted to become citizens via a process of “political resocialization.”
Частини книг з теми "Critical Localism":
1
Schöbel, Sören. "Restructuring the Urban Landscape: A “Critical Reconstruction” of Permanent Structures in Historic Cultural and Urban Landscapes." In Urbanization and Locality, 215–25. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-48494-4_13.
2
Terzenidis, Nikos, Miltiadis Moralis-Pegios, Theoni Alexoudi, Stelios Pitris, Konstantinos Vyrsokinos, and Nikos Pleros. "Dual-Layer Locality-Aware Optical Interconnection Architecture for Latency-Critical Resource Disaggregation Environments." In Optical Network Design and Modeling, 299–309. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-38085-4_26.
3
"Critical theory and postmodern localism: rebels without a cause." In Critical Conditions, 233–54. Cambridge University Press, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511552762.010.
4
Jones, Martin. "Spaces of welfare localism: geographies of locality making." In Towards a Spatial Social Policy, 19–40. Policy Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447337904.003.0002.
Анотація:
Situated in the latest incarnation of the ‘localism’ turn, this chapter offers new theoretical insights into the rhetoric of decentralist discourses and the geographical complexities and contradictions of state-remaking realities on-the-ground. The chapter suggests that there is considerable mileage in the notion of ‘locality’ to advance critical social policy analysis and that its earlier jettisoning may have been premature. The chapter urges for a ‘return to locality’ to enlighten studies of social policy and advances its argument through three new readings of locality – locality as bounded territorial space, as an approach to comparative analysis, and to read spaces of flows for diverse policy fields. Taken together the chapter argues that these constitute the basis for the benefits in thinking about geography through the lens of new localities.
5
Mac Ginty, Roger. "Where is the local? Critical localism and peacebuilding." In The ‘Local Turn’ in Peacebuilding, 24–40. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315232263-2.
6
"When Law and Social Science Go Hand in Glove: Usage and Importance of Local and National News Sources— Critical Questions and Answers for Media Market Analysis." In Media Diversity and Localism, 206–37. Routledge, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781410614407-19.
7
Lee, Francis L. F., and Joseph M. Chan. "The Challenge of Localism and Memory Repair." In Memories of Tiananmen. Nieuwe Prinsengracht 89 1018 VR Amsterdam Nederland: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463728447_ch06.
Анотація:
Chapter 6 discusses how Tiananmen commemoration was challenged from within the broadly defined pro-democracy movement in Hong Kong as a result of the rise of localism in the early to mid-2010s. The analysis reconstructs how the challenge of localism entered the mainstream media, and how the Umbrella Movement constituted a critical event strengthening this challenge. It also discusses how memory entrepreneurs responded to the challenge by reframing the significance of Tiananmen commemoration in order to seek common ground.
8
Wu, Helena Y. W. "Hong Kong’s Local: Generating and Degenerating Local Relations." In The Hangover after the Handover, 38–63. Liverpool University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781789621952.003.0003.
Анотація:
Chapter 2 examines different manifestations of the local in the name of local consciousness, localism, local identity and local discourse. With reference to Mieke Bal’s “travelling concepts”, the chapter takes a critical look at both the generative and the degenerative moments experienced by Hong Kong’s local as it travels. Referring to the interactions between things, places and bodies in the making of a cultural icon, “local relations” as the key term of the book is coined in this chapter, revealing different degrees of connectivity and affinity between objects (as things and cultural signs), urban dwellers and their different realms of habitation and activities. The chapter furthers to demonstrate how the pluralistic local can be maintained through hybridizing the affinities shared between agencies such as things, places and bodies across different discourses, realities and fields.
9
Handman, Courtney. "Translating Locality." In Critical Christianity, 90–120. University of California Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/california/9780520283756.003.0004.
10
"Localised technological change: A critical assessment." In Localised Technological Change, 65–80. Routledge, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203932001-9.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Critical Localism":
1
Lekshmi S., Sree, Satwik S. Bandodkar, Rekha M. Das, and Seshaiah Ponnekanti. "Smart Network Infrastructure to Localise Drones for Supporting Mission Critical Services." In 2020 Second International Conference on Inventive Research in Computing Applications (ICIRCA). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icirca48905.2020.9183209.
2
Kim, Y. Bryce, Erik Hemberg, and Una-May O'Reilly. "Collision frequency locality-sensitive hashing for prediction of critical events." In 2017 39th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2017.8037510.
3
Koo, Gunjae, Hyeran Jeon, and Murali Annavaram. "Revealing Critical Loads and Hidden Data Locality in GPGPU Applications." In 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Workload Characterization (IISWC). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iiswc.2015.23.
4
Stellari, Franco, Peilin Song, Moyra K. McManus, Alan J. Weger, Robert J. Gauthier, Kiran V. Chatty, Mujahid Muhammad, and Pia Sanda. "Study of Critical Factors Determining Latchup Sensitivity of ICs Using Emission Microscopy." In ISTFA 2003. ASM International, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2003p0019.
Анотація:
Abstract In this paper we discuss the use of Emission Microscopy (EMMI) to examine the events leading to latchup for various Input/Output (I/O) pins of a test chip in order to study the factors that impact latchup sensitivity of VLSI chips. The goal of our study is to identify and characterize the structures that are most prone to latchup in test chips, thus providing countermeasures to be used to improve the overall latchup resistance of commercial chips. As it has been shown in literature [1-3], EMMI can be used to localize areas that are latching up. Here we focus our attention on electrostatic discharge (ESD) into I/O pins, which may lead to latchup inside I/O circuits or in their proximity.
5
Kim, Yongwook Bryce, and Una-May O'Reilly. "Analysis of locality-sensitive hashing for fast critical event prediction on physiological time series." In 2016 38th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/embc.2016.7590818.
6
Rao, Haocong, Siqi Wang, Xiping Hu, Mingkui Tan, Huang Da, Jun Cheng, and Bin Hu. "Self-Supervised Gait Encoding with Locality-Aware Attention for Person Re-Identification." In Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/125.
Анотація:
Gait-based person re-identification (Re-ID) is valuable for safety-critical applications, and using only 3D skeleton data to extract discriminative gait features for person Re-ID is an emerging open topic. Existing methods either adopt hand-crafted features or learn gait features by traditional supervised learning paradigms. Unlike previous methods, we for the first time propose a generic gait encoding approach that can utilize unlabeled skeleton data to learn gait representations in a self-supervised manner. Specifically, we first propose to introduce self-supervision by learning to reconstruct input skeleton sequences in reverse order, which facilitates learning richer high-level semantics and better gait representations. Second, inspired by the fact that motion's continuity endows temporally adjacent skeletons with higher correlations (“locality”), we propose a locality-aware attention mechanism that encourages learning larger attention weights for temporally adjacent skeletons when reconstructing current skeleton, so as to learn locality when encoding gait. Finally, we propose Attention-based Gait Encodings (AGEs), which are built using context vectors learned by locality-aware attention, as final gait representations. AGEs are directly utilized to realize effective person Re-ID. Our approach typically improves existing skeleton-based methods by 10-20% Rank-1 accuracy, and it achieves comparable or even superior performance to multi-modal methods with extra RGB or depth information.
7
Stancil, Brian, Hsiang-Wen Hsieh, Tsuhan Chen, and Hung-Hsiu Yu. "A Distributed Vision Infrastructure for Multi-Robot Localization." In ASME 2007 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2007-35700.
Анотація:
Localization is one of the critical issues in the field of multi-robot navigation. With an accurate estimate of the robot pose, robots will be able to navigate in their environment autonomously with the aid of flexible path planning. In this paper, the infrastructure of a Distributed Vision System (DVS) for multi-robot localization is presented. The main difference between traditional DVSs and the proposed one is that multiple overhead cameras can simultaneously localize a network of robots. The proposed infrastructure is comprised of a Base Process and Coordinate Transform Process. The Base Process receives images from various cameras mounted in the environment and then utilizes this information to localize multiple robots. Coordinate Transform Process is designed to transform from Image Reference Plane to world coordinate system. ID tags are used to locate each robot within the overhead image and camera intrinsic and extrinsic parameters are used to estimate a global pose for each robot. The presented infrastructure was recently implemented by a network of small robot platforms with several overhead cameras mounted in the environment. The results show that the proposed infrastructure could simultaneously localize multiple robots in a global world coordinate system with localization errors within 0.1 meters.
8
Phani, A. Srikantha. "Waves, Buckles, and Homoclinics." In ASME 2009 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2009-12948.
Анотація:
Dynamic response of lattice structures in linear and nonlinear regime is investigated. In the linear regime, connections between vibration and buckling are revisited in the context of plane wave propagation. The power of wave technique in picking up the correct bifurcation mode and the associated critical load is illustrated. The stability of spatially localised structures arising from homoclinics is examined in the nonlinear regime. Simple analytical results will be presented and illustrated using numerical examples.
9
Faktorová, Karolína, Juraj Chalmovský, Pavel Koudela, and Lumír Míča. "Initial investigation of the intrinsic geomechanical properties of soils in area of landslide Černá Pole." In The 13th international scientific conference “Modern Building Materials, Structures and Techniques”. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mbmst.2019.092.
Анотація:
One of the most important type of Brno’s subsoil is Miocene’s clay. Mechanical properties of these clays were already studied by various methods, authors, in several locations. These parameters, however, varies across the locations and therefore new data are needed to further refineme them. The objective of the laboratory tests presented in this paper was to determine shear strength and compressibility parameters on reconstituted samples, locality Černá Pole. Stiffness parameters for primary loading and unloading – reloading were obtained from series of oedometer tests. Consolidated undrained triaxial tests were performed for evaluation of soil critical shear strength. Obtained results were compared with another available data.
10
Ring, Rosalinda M., Randy Newkirk, Kevin Davidson, James Capriola, Jeremy Russell, Andreas Rummel, and Edward C. Carper. "Resistive Contrast Imaging—The Tool, Technique, and Applications on Leading-Edge Semiconductor Technology Devices." In ISTFA 2015. ASM International, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.31399/asm.cp.istfa2015p0496.
Анотація:
Abstract The advances on IC technology have made defect localization extremely challenging. “Soft” failures (resistive vias and contacts) are typically difficult to localize using commonly available failure analysis (FA) techniques such as emission microscopy (EMMI) and scanning optical microscopy (SOM), and often cannot be observed by two-dimensional inspections using layer by layer removal. The article describes the Resistive Contrast Imaging (RCI) defect localization technique (also known as Electron Beam Absorbed Current (EBAC), instrumentations, and case studies on test structures or process control monitors especially designed to detect “soft” open failures on advanced (28nm and below) technology devices. It also lists the key SEM parameters critical for effective FA using the RCI nano-probing system.
Звіти організацій з теми "Critical Localism":
1
Bolstad, Rachel. Opportunities for education in a changing climate: Themes from key informant interviews. New Zealand Council for Educational Research, October 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18296/rep.0006.
Анотація:
How can education in Aotearoa New Zealand respond to climate change? This report, part of our wider education and climate change project, outlines findings from 17 in-depth interviews with individuals with a range of viewpoints about climate change and the role of education. Five priority perspectives are covered: youth (aged 16–25); educators; Māori; Pacific New Zealanders; and people with an academic, education system, or policy perspective. Key findings are: Education offers an important opportunity for diverse children and young people to engage in positive, solutions-focused climate learning and action. Interviewees shared local examples of effective climate change educational practice, but said it was often down to individual teachers, students, and schools choosing to make it a focus. Most interviewees said that climate change needs to be a more visible priority across the education system. The perspectives and examples shared suggest there is scope for growth and development in the way that schools and the wider education system in Aotearoa New Zealand respond to climate change. Interviewees’ experiences suggest that localised innovation and change is possible, particularly when young people and communities are informed about the causes and consequences of climate change, and are engaged with what they can do to make a difference. However, effective responses to climate change are affected by wider systems, societal and political structures, norms, and mindsets. Interviewee recommendations for schools, kura, and other learning settings include: Supporting diverse children and young people to develop their ideas and visions for a sustainable future, and to identify actions they can take to realise that future. Involving children and young people in collective and local approaches, and community-wide responses to climate change. Scaffolding learners to ensure that they were building key knowledge, as well as developing ethical thinking, systems thinking, and critical thinking. Focusing on new career opportunities and pathways in an economic transition to a low-carbon, changed climate future. Getting children and young people engaged and excited about what they can do, rather than disengaged, depressed, or feeling like they have no control of their future.
2
The COVID Decade: understanding the long-term societal impacts of COVID-19. The British Academy, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5871/bac19stf/9780856726583.001.
Анотація:
The British Academy was asked by the Government Office for Science to produce an independent review on the long-term societal impacts of COVID-19. This report outlines the evidence across a range of areas, building upon a series of expert reviews, engagement, synthesis and analysis across the research community in the Social Sciences, Humanities and the Arts (SHAPE). It is accompanied by a separate report, Shaping the COVID decade, which considers how policymakers might respond. History shows that pandemics and other crises can be catalysts to rebuild society in new ways, but that this requires vision and interconnectivity between policymakers at local, regional and national levels. With the advent of vaccines and the imminent ending of lockdowns, we might think that the impact of COVID-19 is coming to an end. This would be wrong. We are in a COVID decade: the social, economic and cultural effects of the pandemic will cast a long shadow into the future – perhaps longer than a decade – and the sooner we begin to understand, the better placed we will be to address them. There are of course many impacts which flowed from lockdowns, including not being able to see family and friends, travel or take part in leisure activities. These should ease quickly as lockdown comes to an end. But there are a set of deeper impacts on health and wellbeing, communities and cohesion, and skills, employment and the economy which will have profound effects upon the UK for many years to come. In sum, the pandemic has exacerbated existing inequalities and differences and created new ones, as well as exposing critical societal needs and strengths. These can emerge differently across places, and along different time courses, for individuals, communities, regions, nations and the UK as a whole. We organised the evidence into three areas of societal effect. As we gathered evidence in these three areas, we continually assessed it according to five cross-cutting themes – governance, inequalities, cohesion, trust and sustainability – which the reader will find reflected across the chapters. Throughout the process of collating and assessing the evidence, the dimensions of place (physical and social context, locality), scale (individual, community, regional, national) and time (past, present, future; short, medium and longer term) played a significant role in assessing the nature of the societal impacts and how they might play out, altering their long-term effects.