Дисертації з теми "Détection de forme planaire"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Détection de forme planaire".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
Labouré, Iooss Marie-José. "Faisabilité d'une carte électronique d'opérateurs de seuillage : déformation d'objets plans lors de transformations de type morphologique." Saint-Etienne, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987STET4014.
Повний текст джерелаMousse, Ange Mikaël. "Reconnaissance d'activités humaines à partir de séquences multi-caméras : application à la détection de chute de personne." Thesis, Littoral, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016DUNK0453/document.
Повний текст джерелаArtificial vision is an involving field of research. The new strategies make it possible to have some autonomous networks of cameras. This leads to the development of many automatic surveillance applications using the cameras. The work developed in this thesis concerns the setting up of an intelligent video surveillance system for real-time people fall detection. The first part of our work consists of a robust estimation of the surface area of a person from two (02) cameras with complementary views. This estimation is based on the detection of each camera. In order to have a robust detection, we propose two approaches. The first approach consists in combining a motion detection algorithm based on the background modeling with an edge detection algorithm. A fusion approach has been proposed to make much more efficient the results of the detection. The second approach is based on the homogeneous regions of the image. A first segmentation is performed to find homogeneous regions of the image. And finally we model the background using obtained regions
Yu, Mulin. "Reconstruction et correction de modèles urbains à l'aide de structures de données cinétiques." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022COAZ4077.
Повний текст джерелаCompact and accurate digital 3D models of buildings are commonly used by practitioners for the visualization of existing or imaginary environments, the physical simulations or the fabrication of urban objects. Generating such ready-to-use models is however a difficult problem. When created by designers, 3D models usually contain geometric errors whose automatic correction is a scientific challenge. When created from data measurements, typically laser scans or multiview images, the accuracy and complexity of the models produced by existing reconstruction algorithms often do not reach the requirements of the practitioners. In this thesis, I address this problem by proposing two algorithms: one for repairing the geometric errors contained in urban-specific formats of 3D models, and one for reconstructing compact and accurate models from input point clouds generated from laser scanning or multiview stereo imagery. The key component of these algorithms relies upon a space-partitioning data structure able to decompose the space into polyhedral cells in a natural and efficient manner. This data structure is used to both correct geometric errors by reassembling the facets of defect-laden 3D models, and reconstruct concise 3D models from point clouds with a quality that approaches those generated by Computer-Aided-Design interactive tools.My first contribution is an algorithm to repair different types of urban models. Prior work, which traditionally relies on local analysis and heuristic-based geometric operations on mesh data structures, is typically tailored-made for specific 3D formats and urban objects. We propose a more general method to process different types of urban models without tedious parameter tuning. The key idea lies on the construction of a kinetic data structure that decomposes the 3D space into polyhedra by extending the facets of the imperfect input model. Such a data structure allows us to re-build all the relations between the facets in an efficient and robust manner. Once built, the cells of the polyhedral partition are regrouped by semantic classes to reconstruct the corrected output model. I demonstrate the robustness and efficiency of the algorithm on a variety of real-world defect-laden models and show its competitiveness with respect to traditional mesh repairing techniques from both Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) data.My second contribution is a reconstruction algorithm inspired by the Kinetic Shape Reconstruction method, that improves the later in different ways. In particular, I propose a data fitting technique for detecting planar primitives from unorganized 3D point clouds. Departing from an initial configuration, the technique refines both the continuous plane parameters and the discrete assignment of input points to them by seeking high fidelity, high simplicity and high completeness. The solution is found by an exploration mechanism guided by a multi-objective energy function. The transitions within the large solution space are handled by five geometric operators that create, remove and modify primitives. I demonstrate its potential, not on buildings only, but on a variety of scenes, from organic shapes to man-made objects
Liozon, Fabrice. "Méthodes semi-automatiques de détection du contour ventriculaire en scintigraphie cardiaque planaire." Paris 12, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA120074.
Повний текст джерелаFrabolot, Ferdinand. "Optimisation de forme avec détection automatique de paramètres." Thesis, Compiègne, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015COMP2182/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this thesis work is to be able to completely integrate shape optimization of car inner hood stiffeners in a complex industrial process, in order to fully optimize the shape and distribution of the stiffeners in a multi-objective approach (or even multi-disciplinary) of a 3D surfacic structure. To this end, we established, at the outset, an insight of the state-of-the-art in shape optimization of structures by classifying the different shape parametrizations in three distinct categories : geometry-based methods (a shape parametrization such as a CAD model), grid-based methods (such as topology optimization methods) and mesh-based methods (such as morphing methods or mesh regulation). However, none of these methods fully satisfies the set objectives. Thus, we will introduce in this work the FEM-CsG method : Finite Element Mesh - Constructive surface Geometry. Bolstered by its strong industrial context, this method offers a response to such constraints, i.e. the possibility to represent the optimal solution by a system of CAD parameters, the possibility to adapt the FE model to the wanted analysis and the guarantee of a robust geometrical representation and mesh stability. We offer to incorporate premeshed parameterized elementary forms into a 3D sheet meshed structures. Hence, these forms are arising from a CAD parameterized elementary form library. Furthermore, the FEM-CsG method uses a set of operators acting on the mesh allowing a constant evolution of the topology guided by optimization. Therefore, even if the topology may vary, the resulting shapes comply with CAD representations by construction, a solution better reflecting the reality of optimizations performed during the preliminary development stage. The FEM-CsG method has been validated on two simple case studies in order to bring forward its reliability. Thus, with an intelligent and coherent choice of the design variables, shape optimization issues may, with a restrictive number of variables, explore an important number of shapes and topologies. Topology changes are accomplished in a continuous manner, therefore validating the FEM-CsG method to any desired analysis
Beaslas, Olivier. "DÉTECTION DES LIPIDES ALIMENTAIRES SOUS FORME DE COMPLEXES MICELLAIRES PAR LES ENTÉROCYTES." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811592.
Повний текст джерелаBéaslas, Olivier. "Détection des lipides alimentaires sous forme de complexes micellaires par les entérocytes." Paris 6, 2008. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00811592.
Повний текст джерелаCaubet, Fabien. "Détection d'un objet immergé dans un fluide." Phd thesis, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00716902.
Повний текст джерелаMoradkhan, Romel. "Détection des points critiques d'une forme : application à la reconnaissance de caractères manuscrits." Paris 9, 1993. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1993PA090012.
Повний текст джерелаThe représentation of two-dimensional patterns by their contours is of great importance since many patterns, such as hand-written or printed characters, can be recognized by their contours. Because of its complexity the détection of dominant points of digitalized contours continues to be an important area of research. The first part of our work covers dominant point détection methods of digitalized curves (contours). After a survey of existing techniques we propose two new and efficient methods: the first is based on the notion of "co-angularity"; the second on the notion of "axis of symmetry". In the second part we focus on the problem of hand-written character récognition. We have proposed a hierarchical algorithm based on ctural matching which is both flexible and continuous
Sarifuddin. "Implantation sous forme de circuit spécialisé d'un algorithme de détection de contours multi-échelle." Dijon, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DIJOS019.
Повний текст джерелаCaubet, Fabien. "Détection d’un objet immergé dans un fluide." Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU3006/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis dissertation takes place in the mathematic field called shape optimization. More precisely, we focus on a detecting inverse problem using shape calculus and asymptotic analysis. The aim is to localize an object immersed in a viscous, incompressible and stationary fluid. This work was motivated by the following main questions:– can we localize an obstacle immersed in a fluid from a boundary measurement?– can we reconstruct numerically this object, i.e. be close to its localization and its shape, from this measure?– can we know how many objects are included in the fluid using this measure?The results are described in the five chapters of the thesis:– the first one gives a mathematical framework in order to prove the existence of the shape derivatives oforder one and two in the frame of the detection of inclusions;– the second one analyzes the detection problem using geometric shape optimization: an identifiabilityresult is proved, the shape gradient of several shape functionals is characterized and the instability of thisinverse problem is proved;– the chapter 3 uses our theoretical results in order to reconstruct numerically some objets immersed in a fluid using a shape gradient algorithm;– the fourth chapter analyzes the detection of small inclusions in a fluid using the topological shape optimization : the topological gradient of a Kohn-Vogelius shape functional is characterized;– the last chapter uses this theoretical expression in order to determine numerically the number and the location of some small obstacles immersed in a fluid using a topological gradient algorithm
Grenaille, Sylvain. "Synthèse de filtres de dignostic pour les systèmes modélisés sous forme LPV." Bordeaux 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR13198.
Повний текст джерелаCastaings, Anna. "Métalloporphyrines obéissantes : Détection et contrôle de la forme moléculaire dans une série de chiroporphyrines bridées." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00129098.
Повний текст джерелаLefaudeux, Benjamin. "Détection, localisation et suivi des obstacles et objets mobiles à partir d'une plate-forme de stéréovision." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale Supérieure des Mines de Paris, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00918508.
Повний текст джерелаBialas-Barthellemy, Sandrine. "Amélioration de la détection immunologique de la forme sérique de la protéine associée à la pancréatite." Aix-Marseille 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000AIX22103.
Повний текст джерелаGrenaille, Sylvain. "Synthèse de filtres de diagnostic pour les systèmes modélisés sous forme LPV." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00098299.
Повний текст джерелаLa méthodologie est appliquée à des exemples académiques et à un système industriel se prêtant particulièrement bien à une modélisation LPV, le circuit secondaire d'une centrale nucléaire. Les résultats obtenus montrent l'efficacité de la méthode.
Lefaudeux, Benjamin. "Détection, localisation et suivi des obstacles et objets mobiles à partir d'une plate forme de stéréo-vision." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013ENMP0091/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD work is to be seen within the context of autonomous vehicle perception, in which the detection and localisation of elements of the surroundings in real time is an obvious requirement. Subsequent perception needs are manyfold, from localisation to obstacle detection, and are the subject of a continued research interest. The goal of this work is to build, in real time and from stereovision acquisition, a 3D map of the surroundings ; while detecting and tracking moving objects.Interest point selection and tracking on picture space are a first step, which we initiate by a thorough comparison of detectors from the literature. As regards tracking, we propose a massively parallel implementation of the standard KLT algorithm, using redundant tracking to provide reliable quality estimation. This allows us to track thousands of points in real-time, which compares favourably to the state of the art.Next step is the ego-motion estimation, along with the positioning of tracked points in 3D space. We first propose an iterative variant of the well known “SVD” process followed by UKF filtering, which allows for a very fast and reliable estimation. Then the position of every followed interest point is filtered on the fly over time, in contrast to most dense approaches from the literature.We finally propose a segmentation of moving objects in the augmented position-speed space, which is made possible by our continuous estimation of feature points position. Target tracking and filtering finally use a GM-PHD approach
Godoy, Campbell Matias. "Sur le problème inverse de détection d'obstacles par des méthodes d'optimisation." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30220/document.
Повний текст джерелаThis PhD thesis is dedicated to the study of the inverse problem of obstacle/object detection using optimization methods. This problem consists in localizing an unknown object omega inside a known bounded domain omega by means of boundary measurements and more precisely by a given Cauchy pair on a part Gammaobs of thetaOmega. We cover the scalar and vector scenarios for this problem considering both the Laplace and the Stokes equations. For both cases, we rely on identifiability result which ensures that there is a unique obstacle/object which corresponds to the considered boundary measurements. The strategy used in this work is to reduce the inverse problem into the minimization of a cost-type functional: the Kohn-Vogelius functional. This kind of approach is widely used and permits to use optimization tools for numerical implementations. However, in order to well-define the functional, this approach needs to assume the knowledge of a measurement on the whole exterior boundary thetaOmega. This last point leads us to first study the data completion problem which consists in recovering the boundary conditions on an inaccessible region, i.e. on thetaOmega\Gammaobs, from the Cauchy data on the accessible region Gammaobs. This inverse problem is also studied through the minimization of a Kohn-Vogelius type functional. The ill-posedness of this problem enforces us to regularize the functional via a Tikhonov regularization. We obtain several theoretical properties as convergence properties, in particular when data is corrupted by noise. Based on these theoretical results, we reconstruct numerically the boundary data by implementing a gradient algorithm in order to minimize the regularized functional. Then we study the obstacle detection problem when only partial boundary measurements are available. We consider the inaccessible boundary conditions and the unknown object as the variables of the functional and then, using geometrical shape optimization tools, in particular the shape gradient of the Kohn-Vogelius functional, we perform the numerical reconstruction of the unknown inclusion. Finally, we consider, into the two dimensional vector case, a new degree of freedom by studying the case when the number of objects is unknown. Hence, we use the topological shape optimization in order to minimize the Kohn-Vogelius functional. We obtain the topological asymptotic expansion of the solution of the 2D Stokes equations and characterize the topological gradient for this functional. Then we determine numerically the number and location of the obstacles. Additionally, we propose a blending algorithm which combines the topological and geometrical shape optimization methods in order to determine numerically the number, location and shape of the objects
Mateu, Suau Isidre. "Systèmes de détection digitaux par traitement numérique des impulsions X-dur pour des applications spatiales." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/2376/.
Повний текст джерелаAnticipating future mission opportunities in high-energy astronomy, the development of a hard X-ray detection system for imaging and spectrometry is in progress at the Institut de Recherche en Astrophysique et Planétologie of Toulouse. The system is based on a High-purity Germanium double sided strip detector and aims at energy coverage from a few keV to a few hundred keV. Besides the sophisticated detector design, the extensive use of digital signal processing algorithms for the analysis of the impulsion is another innovation in this project, and constitutes the main topic of this thesis. Astrophysics in the hard X-ray domain expect an era of major evolution in the upcoming years. Technological progress in mirror manufacturing allows now the focusing of photons well above 10 keV, which for many years had been the upper limit allowed by the technology. NASA's Nustar observatory, launched in 2012, and JAXA's Astro-H, to be launched in 2015, are the first missions to exploit the new mirrors for energies up to 80 keV. However, last research shows that focusing optics beyond this limit are to be expected soon. With this new generation of optics, a need for new detectors capable of exploiting the focusing capabilities is currently developing. One of the main features of the studied detector is the possibility to obtain a three dimensional location of the interaction of the photons in its volume, with immediate applications in background reduction and tracking of Compton events for polarimetry measurements. For this purpose, we implemented an estimator of the interaction position, which is presented in this work, together with the methods used for calibration, triggering, pulse shaping and energy measurement purposes. In order to develop a full simulation of the system, we have adapted to our particular case the MGS tool, an already existing Matlab code for the simulation of the charge collection processes and signal response provided by the detector, and we have used Pspice to model the analogue readout stage prior to the digitizer. Both tools have allowed us to generate realistic input signals for the testing of the performances of the signal processing algorithms in charge of the energy measurements and the location of the interaction position. Finally, we have completed the study with the first measurements obtained from PheniX, a laboratory prototype of the detection system which has been designed and manufactured in the framework of a Research and Technology action at IRAP, funded by the CNES
Shi, Yong Dan. "Méthode de détection de motifs sur des images à haute définition : mise en oeuvre sur un système multiprocesseur." Toulouse, INPT, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPT044H.
Повний текст джерелаVass, György. "Réseaux de neurones multicouches appliqués à la reconnaissance invariante des formes planes." Valenciennes, 1998. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/2a32a089-db0c-4e22-8403-0399fd02eb59.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis we propose the use of invariant descriptors and multilayer neural networks for the recognition of planar contour patterns. The neural network architecture may contain one or more layers. For training, the back-propagation algorithm is used. We have shown that in case of a single hidden layer work, the choice of the number of neurons can be realized by using a criterion where the only parameters involved are the hidden neuron outputs and the correct classes of the observations. In function of the planar shapes considered we propose different kind of invariant descriptors having the properties of stability and completeness. For applications like recognition of star-shaped patterns, the use of Fourier descriptors based on a radial representation permit the neural network to learn the patterns independently of the transformations they could undergo. Furthermore, we have shown that a complete and stable set of invariant descriptors can be effectively used in a nonsupervised, auto-associative type of training procedure. The obtained results are encouraging and allowed us to reveal the capability of the neural network to generate an internal coding scheme. However, for the case of contours only known partially we propose a local description technique which is invariant with the respect to the group of similarities, together with a modular neural architecture. The obtained results are encouraging. We believe that they can be improved by choosing a different polygonal approximation algorithm
De, Lepine Philippe. "Détection automatique de la voix criée en vue d'un système d'alarme." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10410.
Повний текст джерелаMatusiak, Stanislaw. "Description invariante et locale des formes planes : application à l'indexation d'une base d'images." Valenciennes, 1999. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/7570969d-50dd-44f1-84ef-c2e50a0fa07d.
Повний текст джерелаThis Ph. D. Contributes to the subject of indexing and pattern recognition in an image database constituted of object contours, by the use of local invariant descriptions. Our approach allows to recognize objects, even if they are partially occluded or observed at different viewpoints, since it is based on a local and invariant characterization of contours. One of the fundamental problems of indexing an image database resides in the choice of the invariant description of the image. Indeed, it is agreed that the request never corresponds exactly to the research image, affine transformations can separate them. Hence the description of the contour has a possess invariance properties so as to confer robustness to the recognition system. A general framework allowing to unify different local descriptions has been elaborated. This unification lead us propose two invariant descriptions with respect to affine transformations: the first one is based on points of interest of curves and the second one on the multi-scale analysis contours. Invariant descriptions, proposed in this work, have been applied to retrieval of objects-contours in image database. First of all, we have proposed a solution to the problem of object retrieval by sketch. The user draws his request on a graphic interface: the request image is made of a contour on uniform background. Then, its description by multi-scale curvatures allows to extract indexes. Finally, to undertake a rapid retrieving from a large image database, a mechanism of indexing based on the geometric hashing has been developed
Maire, F. "Détection et classification de cibles multispectrales dans l'infrarouge." Phd thesis, Telecom ParisTech, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01018701.
Повний текст джерелаMohsen, Yehya. "Conception et caractérisation d’une plate-forme microfluidique pour la détection sélective de traces d’un produit de dégradation du TNT dans l’atmosphère." Thesis, Besançon, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BESA2004/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe objective of this study is to develop and characterize a micro-fluidic platform allowing theconcentration and the separation of a degradation compound of trinitrotoluene: the orthonitrotoluenerecognized as an explosive taggants. Tin dioxide gas sensors (SnO2) used here asdetectors suffer from a luck of selectivity and have an insufficient sensitivity toward most ofpollutants. For that, our original approach consists to work in front of a chemical gas sensor(SnO2), in particular, by developing on the one hand a gas micro-preconcentrator to improve thesensitivity and on the other hand, a chromatographic micro-column in order to overcome the luckof selectivity.First, various adsorbents have been studied and characterized for the ONT concentration. Theobtained results allowed to select three types of activated carbons (N, KL2 and KL3) and ahydrophobic zeolite DAY. Then, the micro-system devices have been realized on a siliconsubstrate and manufactured using the silicon/glass technology.The last part of this work is devoted to the evaluation of the platform performances in terms ofconcentration and separation of ONT. In particular, after the optimization of the experimentalconditions concerning the concentration and the elution of ortho-nitrotoluene, the couplingbetween the micro-fluidic platform and a tin dioxide gas sensor allowed on the one hand to showthat the detection limit of the ONT pollutant is lower than 365 ppb. In this case, a total desorptionof the analyte and a constant concentration factor were obtained with the zeolite DAY. On theother hand, the use of this type of platform allowed to obtain a good separation and detectionperformance of ONT in presence of interferent (toluene) and at high humidity rate
Bouget, David. "Détection en temps-réel des outils chirurgicaux dans des vidéos 2D de neurochirurgie par modélisation de forme globale et d'apparence locale." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1B006/document.
Повний текст джерелаDespite modern-life technological advances and tremendous progress made in surgical techniques including MIS, today's OR is facing many challenges remaining yet to be addressed. The development of CAS systems integrating the SPM methodology was born as a response from the medical community, with the long-term objective to create surgical cockpit systems. Being able to identify surgical tools in use is a key component for systems relying on the SPM methodology. Towards that end, this thesis work has focused on real-time surgical tool detection from microscope 2D images. From the review of the literature, no validation data-sets have been elected as benchmarks by the community. In addition, the neurosurgical context has been addressed only once. As such, the first contribution of this thesis work consisted in the creation of a new surgical tool data-set, made freely available online. Two methods have been proposed to tackle the surgical tool detection challenge. First, the adapted SquaresChnFtrs, evolution of one of the best computer vision state-of-the-art approach for pedestrian detection. Our second contribution, the ShapeDetector, is fully data-driven and performs detection without the use of prior knowledge regarding the number, shape, and position of tools in the image. Compared to previous works, we chose to represent candidate detections with bounding polygons instead of bounding boxes, hence providing more fitting results. For integration into medical systems, we performed different code optimization through CPU and GPU use. Speed gain and accuracy loss from the use of ad-hoc optimization strategies have been thoroughly quantified to find an optimal trade-off between speed and accuracy. Our ShapeDetector is running in-between 5 and 8Hz for 612x480 pixel video sequences.We validated our approaches using a detailed methodology covering the overall tool location, tip position, and orientation. Approaches have been compared and ranked conjointly with a set of competitive baselines. For suction tube detections, we achieved a 15% miss-rate at 0.1 FPPI, compared to a 55% miss-rate for the adapted SquaresChnFtrs. Future works should be directed toward the integration of 3D feature extraction to improve detection performance but also toward the refinement of the semantic labelling step. Coupling the tool detection task to the tool classification in one single framework should be further investigated. Finally, increasing the data-set in diversity, number of tool classes, and detail of annotations is of interest
Mohsen, Yehya. "Conception et caractérisation d'une plate-forme microfluidique pour la détection sélective de traces d'un produit de dégradation du TNT dans l'atmosphère." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00943211.
Повний текст джерелаKhammari, Ayoub. "Système embarqué de détection multi-sensorielle de véhicules : application à la gestion intelligente des interdistances." Paris, ENMP, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005ENMP1319.
Повний текст джерелаThis ph. D. Thesis tackles the problem of improving the robustness of vehicle detection for acc applications. In fact, one corporal accident out of four is due to a rear collision. For this sake, we combine two sensors : a frontal camera and a laser scanner. The improvement of the robustness stems from two aspects. First, we addressed the visionb based detection by developing an original approach based on fine gradient analysis, enhanced with the algorithm adaboost/ga for vehicle recognition. Then, we use the theory of evidence as a fusion framework to combine confidences delivered by the sensors and algorithms in order to improve the classification "vehicle vs. Non vehicle". The final architecture of the system is not only modular but also generic and flexible, that it could be used for other detection applications. The system was successfully implemented on lara, the prototype vehicle of the robotics center. It was evaluated at the final session of the project arcos and has demonstrated its fiability over various test scenarios elaborated specifically for acc applications
Jibrini, Hassan. "Reconstruction automatique des bâtiments en modèles polyédriques 3-D à partir de données cadastrales vectorisées 2D et d'un couple d'images aériennes à haute résolution." Paris, ENST, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ENST0010.
Повний текст джерелаMAIRE, Florian. "Détection et classification de cibles multispectrales dans l'infrarouge." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2014. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00997684.
Повний текст джерелаGacon, Pierre. "Analyse d'images et modèles de formes pour la détection et la reconnaissance : application aux visages en multimédia." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00207391.
Повний текст джерелаDans ce travail, notre objectif est d'obtenir une détection robuste et efficace des contours des lèvres de façon à être capable de restaurer les mouvements de la parole aussi fidèlement que possible.
Nous apportons une attention particulière au contour intérieur de la bouche dans la segmentation est une tâche difficile à cause des variations non-linéaires de l'apparence.
Nous proposons une méthode basée sur un modèle statistique de la forme et de l'apparence échantillonnée faisant intervenir des descripteurs gaussiens locaux d'apparence.
Notre hypothèse est que la réponse de ces descripteurs locaux peut être prédite à partir de la forme par le biais d'un réseau de neurones non-linéaire.
Nous avons d'abord testé cette hypothèse dans un cas mono-locuteur et l'avons ensuite généralisé à un cas multi-locuteurs en tenant de la variabilité
inter-personne.
A cet effet, nous adaptons progressivement notre modèle au locuteur traité en déterminant son apparence caractéristique.
A partir de notre segmentation de la bouche, nous pouvons ensuite générer un clone de la bouche de la personne dont les mouvements seront aussi proches que possible de ceux de l'originale.
Finalement, nous avons évalué quantitativement puis qualitativement la pertinence de notre méthode en menant une expérience qui a quantifié l'apport effectif de compréhension de notre schéma d'analyse/synthèse dans le cas de numéros de téléphone en milieu bruité.
Maire, Florian. "Détection et classification de cibles multispectrales dans l'infrarouge." Thesis, Evry, Institut national des télécommunications, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TELE0007/document.
Повний текст джерелаSurveillance systems should be able to detect potential threats far ahead in order to put forward a defence strategy. In this context, detection and recognition methods making use of multispectral infrared images should cope with low resolution signals and handle both spectral and spatial variability of the targets. We introduce in this PhD thesis a novel statistical methodology to perform aircraft detection and classification which take into account these constraints. We first propose an anomaly detection method designed for multispectral images, which combines a spectral likelihood measure and a level set study of the image Mahalanobis transform. This technique allows to identify images which feature an anomaly without any prior knowledge on the target. In a second time, these images are used as realizations of a statistical model in which the observations are described as random spectral and spatial deformation of prototype shapes. The model inference, and in particular the prototype shape estimation, is achieved through a novel unsupervised sequential learning algorithm designed for missing data models. This model allows to propose a classification algorithm based on maximum a posteriori probability Promising results in detection as well as in classification, justify the growing interest surrounding the development of multispectral imaging devices. These methods have also allowed us to identify the optimal infrared spectral band regroupments regarding the low resolution aircraft IRS detection and classification
Bouges, Pierre. "Gestion de données manquantes dans des cascades de boosting : application à la détection de visages." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00840842.
Повний текст джерелаCharni, Nadine. "Mise au point d'une méthode immunologique de détection dans les produits alimentaires de la forme végétative de Bacilius cereus, bactérie pathogène pour l'homme : Nadine Charni." Aix-Marseille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001AIX30019.
Повний текст джерелаBacillus cereus is a gram-positive, sporeformer bacterium. The presence of B. Cereus vegetative cells in food contributes to its deterioration and also causes foodborne illness problems. The culture technique is still the most commonly used method for detecting B. Cereus in food, and it can take as long as four days to perform. This study describes the development of a rapid (one day) method for the direct detection and quantification of vegetative cells of B. Cereus in food samples : the ELISA capture system. We produced and characterised many hybridomas which secret murine monoclonal antibodies directed against vegetative cells of B. Cereus LMG 6923. Of these, two secreted antibodies named 8D3 (IgG1) and 9B7 (IgM) were selected by ELISA for their reactivity and specificity with vegetative cells of B. Cereus. Results obtained by western blot show that MAb 8D3 recognises a protein with a molecular mass of 22 kDa. N-terminal sequence of this protein shows an homology of 100% with a virulence factor secreted by B. Cereus : camelysin CCMP (Casein Cleaving Membrane Proteinase)
Pardieu, Elodie. "Conception et développement d'un capteur électrochimique à base de polymères conducteurs à mémoire de forme pour la détection de petites molécules : application au cas de l'atrazine." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CNAM0738.
Повний текст джерелаA rapidly increasing interest is actually devoted in the literature to the design of new analytical and control devices able to form efficient chemical sensors. Thus the aim of our work was the design and the development of an electrochemical sensor based on intrinsically molecularly imprinted conducting polymer for the selective and sensitive detection of small target molecules. This goal will be achieved by the used of the recognition properties of moleculary imprinted polymer, together with the electrical conduction of conducting polymer. An original electrochemical sensor based on shape memory polymer has been constructed. This sensor has been realized following two steps: (i) a frst electropolymerisation on a platinum electrode of two co-monomers Thiophene acetic acid TAA already associated through H bonding to the atrazine target and EDOT which is intinded to play the role of conjugated link between the TAA moieties and (ii) removal of atrazine from the resulting conjugated polymer, leaving recognition sites with shape memory. The obtained sensor shows remarkable properties: a high selectivity towards the triazinic family, a large detection dynamic (2.5x10−6 to 5x10−3 M) and a low detection threshold (10−6 M). In order to increase the efficiency of this sensor and to allow the detection of a wide range molecular targets, a terthienyl, i.e. two EDOT units on both sides of the -functionalized thiophene units has been syntesized. These trimers possess an oxydation peak at about +0.7 V/ Ag/AgNO3, allowing the potential development of new pre or post polymerisation functionalities, still controling of the stoechiometry and the distributuion of functional groups
Taktak, Rached. "Contribution à la détection automatique des véhicules sur autoroute par vision artificielle." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL019N.
Повний текст джерелаRochery, Marie. "Contours actifs d´ordre supérieur et leur application à la détection de linéiques dans des images de télédétection." Phd thesis, Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010631.
Повний текст джерелаPerez, Oramas Oliver. "Contribution à une méthodologie d'intégration de connaissances pour le traitement d'images : application à la détection de contours par règles linguistiques floues." Nancy 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000NAN10091.
Повний текст джерелаIn this thesis, we propose a contribution to a methodology for knowledge integration in image processing that we apply to edge detection. We outlined this methodology under the base of the theory of fuzzy information granulation, recently suggested by L A. Zadeh. Thus, we built a contextual model, for an edge detection application, that incorporates knowledge about the elements relating to the acquisition system and that takes into account the imprecision of real contours. This model is inserted in a fuzzy image processing paradigm. This document is articulated in four parts. First, we present our point of view about an industrial vision system. Next, we introduce linguistic modeling as the theoretical base of approximate reasoning as same as the theory of the fuzzy information granulation. Second, we start with a generalization of image processing applications using fuzzy set theory through the paradigm of fuzzy image processing. Then we particularize this paradigm for fuzzy rules system case in order to construct our edge detection operator FRED, (Fuzzy Reasoning Edge Detection). FRED consists of five modules : the extraction of properties, the fuzzification, the reasoning, the defuzzification and the contextual model related to the knowledge base. On the ground of fuzzy information granulation, we presented a methodology to construct the contextual model, implying the stages of granulation, attribution and valuation. Third, we detail the implementation of two operators of detection of contours on the basis of FRED. Although these two operators use the same generic structure and have the same objective, edge detection, they translate nevertheless two different contexts. The results of these operators are then aggregated with a specific fusion operator that we have especially developed. And fourth, we validate the implementations of our two operators\ using Fram and Deutsch criteria on computergenerated images. These criteria reflect the robustness of the operator with respect to the noise and the continuity of the contour's segment. An application concerning a renal arteriography edge detection process ends this document
Marache-Francisco, Simon. "Évaluation de la correction du mouvement respiratoire sur la détection des lésions en oncologie TEP." Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00770662.
Повний текст джерелаJaber, Jamal. "Définition et validation d'une architecture électronique rapide de caractérisation et d'étiquetage d'objets dans une image." Nancy 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NAN10332.
Повний текст джерелаFournier, Jacques. "Détection de la simulation de l'invalidité découlant de la douleur (SIDD) à l'aide de quatre échelles de validité de la forme révisée du Minnesota Multiphasic Personnality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2-RF)." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/6955.
Повний текст джерелаBégard, Julien. "Reconnaissance de formes dans des séquences vidéo : application à la vidéo-surveillance." Paris 6, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA066538.
Повний текст джерелаThis thesis addresses the problem of detecting people in pictures. The objective is to achieve an efficient system for detecting pedestrians in an automotive context in urban areas. We discussed this issue on two main fronts. The first was to design a discriminant representation of the form of the objects. Due to the wide variety of appearances of pedestrians, it must be rich enough to capture the characteristics necessary to recognize them. We built this description from the information of the gradient calculated in the image and its magnitude: Histograms of Orientation Gradient fortified with the Magnitude. Calculated densely in regions of the image, these descriptors forms vectors that define finely the shape of objects. We compare these descriptors with decision rules formed from machine learning methods. Our system is based on AdaBoost algorithm that we have made changes to get an algorithm using more effectively the information provided. These changes gave two algorithms with comparable performance. We have designed a method to combine these algorithms and get better results. We structured our system in a cascade of sub-detectors that are increasingly complex. The purpose of this structure is to eliminate as soon as possible wrong candidates. Thus, only the right candidates reaching the top of the cascade, consisting of the most complex and time-costly rules decisions. We evaluated and validated this methodology on color and infrared data
Li, Xiaoming. "Développement d'une méthode connexionniste pour la détection et le diagnostic de défauts de systèmes de chauffage." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1996. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529470.
Повний текст джерелаWang, Yihong. "Détection des défauts internes et externes des noix en coque : application du traitement d'images et de la reconnaissance de formes au contrôle de qualité." Grenoble 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993GRE10098.
Повний текст джерелаLê, Hoài Nam. "Influence des défauts de forme sur le comportement des liaisons : étude expérimentale et théorique." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00961201.
Повний текст джерелаKerlau, Marie. "Nouveaux matériaux pour capteurs chimiques de gaz dans les systèmes Ga-O-N et Ta-O-N : Synthèse, caractérisation et mise en forme (couches épaisses, couches minces). Application à la détection de gaz toxiques et explosifs." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10080.
Повний текст джерелаModeley, Derek. "Etude des états doublement excités de H- et des processus de seuil dans les collisions H-/gaz rare par spectroscopie électronique à zéro degré." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066458.
Повний текст джерелаMahmoudi, Saïd. "Indexation de formes planes : application à la reconnaissance multi-vues de modèles 3D." Lille 1, 2003. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2003/50376-2003-291.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMunteanu, Sorin. "Micro électrochimie et optique couplées pour l'imagerie et l'étude de réactions chimiques de surface." Phd thesis, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris VI, 2012. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00802004.
Повний текст джерелаMusé, Pablo. "Sur la définition et la reconnaissance des formes planes dans les images numériques." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00133648.
Повний текст джерела