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Готові списки джерел за темами / Diameter of molecules of gases / Статті в журналах

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Статті в журналах з теми "Diameter of molecules of gases"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 4 червня 2021

Оновлено: 9 лютого 2022

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1

Stach, H., J. Jänchen, H. Thamm, E. Stiebitz, and R. A. Vetter. "Influence of the Pore Diameter on the Adsorption Behaviour of Nonpolar Molecules on SiO2-Adsorbents." Adsorption Science & Technology 3, no. 4 (1986): 261–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026361748600300407.

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The adsorption equilibrium of n-paraffins (ethane, n-butane, n-hexane and n-decane) and some noble gases on SiO2-adsorbents with different pore diameter have been investigated using the techniques of isostere-, isotherm- and calorimetric-measurements. There is a strong influence of the pore diameter on the adsorption potential. As the pore diameter of the adsorbents increases the adsorption enthalpy decreases while the adsorption entropy increases. For the initial heats of adsorption of the n-alkanes an empirical equation is derived, allowing the calculation of the thermodynamic data in advanc

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2

Ogoshi, Tomoki, Ryuta Sueto, Kumiko Yoshikoshi, and Tada-aki Yamagishi. "One-dimensional channels constructed from per-hydroxylated pillar[6]arene molecules for gas and vapour adsorption." Chem. Commun. 50, no. 96 (2014): 15209–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4cc06591c.

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We report that one-dimensional channels constructed from per-hydroxylated pillar[6]arene molecules with a diameter of 6.7 Å can capture various gases, such as CO<sub>2</sub>, N<sub>2</sub> and n-butane, and vapours of saturated hydrocarbons such as n-hexane and cyclohexane.

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3

Morooka, Shigeharu, and Katsuki Kusakabe. "Microporous Inorganic Membranes for Gas Separation." MRS Bulletin 24, no. 3 (1999): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/s0883769400051873.

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Microporous inorganic membranes are potentially useful in gas separation in emerging areas such as catalytic reactors, gasification of coal, molten-carbonate and solid-electrolyte fuel cells, and water decomposition by thermochemical reactions. If the feed or product gases can be separated at elevated temperatures specific to each process, the energy required for purification could be greatly reduced. Advances in the development of inorganic membranes have been quite rapid in recent years. For example, in 1991 the reported CO2/N2 selectivity at ambient temperature was less than 10, but by 1997

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4

Chen, Bin Hao, Yi Wu Chao, and Cheng Chi Wang. "Tuning the Torsion Mechanical Properties of Carbon Nanotube by Feeding H₂ Molecules." Applied Mechanics and Materials 479-480 (December 2013): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.479-480.75.

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Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been proposed as one of the most promising materials for nanoelectro-mechanical system due to high elastic modulus, high failure strength and excellent resilience [1,. Recent development of many-body interaction [3, made possible realistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of carbon-made systems. We carried out such studies for carbon nanotubes under generic modes of mechanical load: axial compression, bending, and torsion. A singular behavior of the nanotube energy at certain levels of strain corresponds to abrupt change in morphology. In this letter, we report

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5

Kozlov, Georgii V., Jorge A. Cruz-Morales, Joel Vargas, and Mikhail A. Tlenkopatchev. "The Solubility of Hydrocarbon Gases in Glassy Polymers: Fractal Modeling." International Journal of Polymer Science 2013 (2013): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/529021.

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This work describes the fractal modeling of the solubility ofn-alkanes,n-alkenes, methylacetylene, allene, ethylacetylene, and butadiene hydrocarbon gases in glassy poly(vinyltrimethylsilane) (PVTMS). The proposed equation represents satisfactorily the solubility coefficients of the hydrocarbon gases in glassy PVTMS as a function of the fractal dimension of the polymer and the effective diameter of a gas penetrant molecule. It is found that the calculated solubility coefficients have a good correlation with the experimental data. The proposed model can predict the solubility of hydrocarbon gas

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6

Kim, Jiyull, Hyeonkyeong Lee, Huyen Thanh Vo, et al. "Bead-Shaped Mesoporous Alumina Adsorbents for Adsorption of Ammonia." Materials 13, no. 6 (2020): 1375. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13061375.

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It is of great importance to remove toxic gases by efficient methods for recovering the atmosphere to safe levels. The adsorption of the toxic gas molecules on solid adsorbents is one of the most useful techniques because of its simple operation and economic feasibility. Here, we report the uniform Bead-Shaped Mesoporous Alumina (BSMA) with tunable particle size for use as an adsorbent for removal of toxic ammonia. The BSMA particles with tunable diameters were synthesized by means of a sol–gel reaction of Al(NO3)3∙9H2O as an alumina precursor in the presence of chitosan as a template. When th

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7

Chattopadhyay, Soumitra, and A. K. Mukherjee. "A new approach to the problem of removal of soluble gaseous pollutants from the atmosphere and its correspondence with the existing approach." International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 17, no. 1 (1994): 165–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/s0161171294000220.

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A new approach has been developed using the kinetic theory for the dissolution of gaseous pollutants in cloud droplets. The existing theory, using the diffusion approach, assumes dissolving gas to be a continuous medium. This approach may not always be suitable; especially, as the mean free paths of the pollutant gases at the existing concentrations available at the atmosphere are of the same order as the diameter of the cloud droplets. We develop an equation by considering the mass of the gas molecules striking per unit area of the droplets. Equations are also developed for the rate of dissol

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8

Herrmann, Rudolf, Markus Rennhak, and Armin Reller. "Synthesis and characterization of fluorescence-labelled silica core-shell and noble metal-decorated ceria nanoparticles." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 5 (December 16, 2014): 2413–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.5.251.

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The present review article covers work done in the cluster NPBIOMEM in the DFG priority programme SPP 1313 and focuses on synthesis and characterization of fluorescent silica and ceria nanoparticles. Synthetic methods for labelling of silica and polyorganosiloxane/silica core–shell nanoparticles with perylenediimide derivatives are described, as well as the modification of the shell with thiol groups. Photometric methods for the determination of the number of thiol groups and an estimate for the number of fluorescent molecules per nanoparticles, including a scattering correction, have been dev

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9

Yamaguchi, Hiroki, Marcos Rojas-Cárdenas, Pierre Perrier, Irina Graur, and Tomohide Niimi. "Thermal transpiration flow through a single rectangular channel." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 744 (April 10, 2014): 169–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2014.70.

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AbstractA thermal transpiration flow through a single rectangular micro-channel was studied experimentally for various gas species, including all rare gases, in order to investigate the influence of gas species on the flow properties. The final equilibrium flow characteristics and relaxation time of the pressure variation were evaluated as functions of the rarefaction parameter. The thermal molecular pressure difference was well fitted by the log-normal distribution function, and its magnitude was found to be strongly dependent on the gas species: a larger pressure difference was obtained for

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10

Kim, Minhee, Hoik Lee, Myungwoong Kim, and Yoon Cheol Park. "Coloration and Chromatic Sensing Behavior of Electrospun Cellulose Fibers with Curcumin." Nanomaterials 11, no. 1 (2021): 222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano11010222.

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The effective approach for coloration and chromatic sensing of electrospun cellulose fabrics with a natural colorant, curcumin, is demonstrated. To achieve high surface area, the morphology of fiber was controlled to have rough and porous surface through an electrospinning of a cellulose acetate (CA) solution under optimized electrospinning parameters and solvent system. The resulting CA fibers were treated with a curcumin dye/NaOH ethanol solution, in which deacetylation of the CA fiber and high-quality coloration with curcumin were simultaneously achieved. As a control, a cotton fiber with s

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11

Duca, Mariana D. "Aspects on Rotational Cooling of Glyoxal Using Carrier Gases He and Ar." Revista de Chimie 70, no. 9 (2019): 3431–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/rc.19.9.7564.

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Molecular beam characterization performed for the carrier gases He and Ar reveals particularities in glyoxal fluorescence signal and beam rotational temperature related to the carrier gas. The dependence of the fluorescence signal on stagnation pressure at constant glyoxal partial pressure shows that the signal has a maximum that is higher for He than for Ar. The estimation of the effective nozzle diameter, deff, for different stagnation pressure values, p0, suggests that the decrease of the fluorescence intensity at higher p0 can be attributed, at least in part, to deff. On the other hand, Ar

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12

Ogunlude, Priscilla, Ofasa Abunumah, and Edward Gobina. "A Study of Gas Diffusion Characteristics on Nano-Structured Ceramic Membranes." European Journal of Engineering and Formal Sciences 4, no. 1 (2020): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejef.v4i1.p21-23.

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The use of membranes for gas upgrading has increasingly become of interest as it has shown great potential for efficient and affective gas purification and a pathway to green energy. The emission of greenhouse gases to the atmosphere has detrimental effects on the economy in terms of global warming which has led to many natural disasters, heat waves, food shortage, loss of life and property. To combat this, studies of capturing and utilizing greenhouse gases are ongoing. In this paper, the study of biogas components (methane and carbon dioxide) diffusion through membranes are studied to employ

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13

Jin, Fan, Meng, et al. "Theoretical and Experimental Insights into the Mechanism for Gas Separation through Nanochannels in 2D Laminar MXene Membranes." Processes 7, no. 10 (2019): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr7100751.

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Clarifying the mechanism for the gas transportation in the emerging 2D materials-based membranes plays an important role on the design and performance optimization. In this work, the corresponding studies were conducted experimentally and theoretically. To this end, we measured the gas permeances of hydrogen and nitrogen from their mixture through the supported MXene lamellar membrane. Knudsen diffusion and molecular sieving through straight and tortuous nanochannels were proposed to elucidate the gas transport mechanism. The average pore diameter of 5.05 Å in straight nanochannels was calcula

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14

Aguilar-Armenta, Gelacio, María E. Patiño-Iglesias, and Roberto Leyva-Ramos. "Adsorption Kinetic Behaviour of Pure CO2, N2 and CH4 in Natural Clinoptilolite at Different Temperatures." Adsorption Science & Technology 21, no. 1 (2003): 81–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/02636170360699831.

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The adsorption kinetics of pure CO2, N2 and CH4 on a natural clinoptilolite (ZSL) sample from Villa de Reyes (San Luis Potosí, México) were measured at different temperatures using a glass, high-vacuum volumetric system. The ability of the natural zeolite to adsorb these gases depended on the gas–adsorbent contact time, t. For short values of t, the gas adsorption uptakes decreased in the order CO2 >> N2 > CH4. However, for long t values, the adsorption uptakes decreased in the sequence CO2 > CH4 > N2. It was established that the activation energies (kJ/mol) for the adsorption p

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15

Brito, J., and A. Zahn. "An unheated permeation device for calibrating atmospheric VOC measurements." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques Discussions 4, no. 3 (2011): 2931–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amtd-4-2931-2011.

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Abstract. The development of an unpowered permeation device for continuous calibration of in-situ instruments measuring atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is described. Being lightweight and compact, and containing only negligible amounts of chemicals, the device is especially suited for field use such as onboard aircraft. Its speciality is to maintain the permeation process in thermal equilibrium, i.e. the instantaneous permeation rate can be ascribed via a simple temperature measurement. This equilibrium state is maintained by a combination of three features: (i) a thin PTFE membr

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16

Olajossy, Andrzej. "Method of Effective Use of Methane and Nitrogen Separated from Natural Gases / Metody Efektywnego Wykorzystania Metanu i Azotu z Naturalnych Gazów." Archives of Mining Sciences 57, no. 2 (2012): 443–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10267-012-0029-y.

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Abstract A mature concept of separation of natural gases, which usually contain methane and nitrogen, is the presented in the paper. As a result of ion-exchange with metal cations: Na, K, Mg followed by high-temperature roasting, clinoptilolite becomes a zeolite molecular sieve, that has kinetic diameter of 3.7 Å. As a result high-methane gas can be obtained 95 vol% methane, that can be directly sent to the gas network. The methane recovery exceeds 95%, whereas the outlet methane in nitrided gas losses are below 3 vol%. An idea was put forward to use the obtained nitrogen in enhanced oil recov

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17

EHBRECHT, M., H. FERKEL, V. V. SMIRNOV, O. STELMAKH, W. ZHANG, and F. HUISKEN. "LASER-DRIVEN SYNTHESIS OF CARBON AND SILICON CLUSTERS FROM GAS-PHASE REACTANTS." Surface Review and Letters 03, no. 01 (1996): 807–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218625x96001467.

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A newly developed technique is employed for the production of carbon and silicon cluster beams starting from gaseous compounds. It is based on the CO 2-laser-induced decomposition of molecular gases containing carbon and silicon, such as CO 2H2 and SiH 4, in a flow reactor. In order to decompose acetylene, SF 6 is used as a sensitizer. By introducing a skimmer into the reaction zone, the generated silicon and carbon clusters are transferred to free molecular flow and analyzed with a time-of-flight mass spectrometer. It is shown that the technique can be efficiently employed to produce fulleren

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18

Tang, M. J., M. Shiraiwa, U. Pöschl, R. A. Cox, and M. Kalberer. "Compilation and evaluation of gas phase diffusion coefficients of reactive trace gases in the atmosphere: Volume 2. Diffusivities of organic compounds, pressure-normalised mean free paths, and average Knudsen numbers for gas uptake calculations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 10 (2015): 5585–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-5585-2015.

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Abstract. Diffusion of organic vapours to the surface of aerosol or cloud particles is an important step for the formation and transformation of atmospheric particles. So far, however, a database of gas phase diffusion coefficients for organic compounds of atmospheric interest has not been available. In this work we have compiled and evaluated gas phase diffusivities (pressure-independent diffusion coefficients) of organic compounds reported by previous experimental studies, and we compare the measurement data to estimates obtained with Fuller's semi-empirical method. The difference between me

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19

Brito, J., and A. Zahn. "An unheated permeation device for calibrating atmospheric VOC measurements." Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 4, no. 10 (2011): 2143–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/amt-4-2143-2011.

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Анотація:

Abstract. The development of an unpowered permeation device for continuous calibration of in-situ instruments measuring atmospheric volatile organic compounds (VOCs) is described. Being lightweight and compact, and containing only negligible amounts of chemicals, the device is especially suited for field use such as on board aircraft. Its speciality is to maintain the permeation process in thermal equilibrium, so that the instantaneous permeation rate can be ascribed to a simple temperature measurement. This equilibrium state is maintained by a combination of three features: (i) a thin PTFE me

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20

Jaworski, Piotr, Paweł Kozioł, Karol Krzempek, et al. "Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber-Based Dual Gas Sensor for Detection of Methane and Carbon Dioxide in the Near- and Mid-Infrared Regions." Sensors 20, no. 14 (2020): 3813. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20143813.

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In this work, we present for the first time a laser-based dual gas sensor utilizing a silica-based Antiresonant Hollow-Core Fiber (ARHCF) operating in the Near- and Mid-Infrared spectral region. A 1-m-long fiber with an 84-µm diameter air-core was implemented as a low-volume absorption cell in a sensor configuration utilizing the simple and well-known Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy (WMS) method. The fiber was filled with a mixture of methane (CH4) and carbon dioxide (CO2), and a simultaneous detection of both gases was demonstrated targeting their transitions at 3.334 µm and 1.574 µm, resp

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21

Zhang, Yue, Tai Li Sun, Qi Dong Li, and Xi Chuan Zhang. "A Capillary Model for Gasesas Coolant and Lubricant in Metal Cutting." Key Engineering Materials 458 (December 2010): 167–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.458.167.

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The gases of nitrogen, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide were employed as coolant and lubricant in metal cutting. Therefore, the smaller kinetic diameter of gas, the lower cutting forces can be obtained. A conical capillary model is proposed, based on the experimental results and the theory analysis of stress distributions at the tool-chip interface. According to the boundary-layer theory, the kinetics equations of gas flow were solute. The velocity and flux of gas molecule are presented. In the capillary, the adsorption of tool-chip interface results in boundary lubricating film; the conical s

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22

Tang, M. J., M. Shiraiwa, U. Pöschl, R. A. Cox, and M. Kalberer. "Compilation and evaluation of gas-phase diffusion coefficients of reactive trace gases in the atmosphere: volume 2. Organic compounds and Knudsen numbers for gas uptake calculations." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 15, no. 4 (2015): 5461–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-15-5461-2015.

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Анотація:

Abstract. Diffusion of organic vapours to the surface of aerosol or cloud particles is an important step for the formation and transformation of atmospheric particles. So far, however, a database of gas phase diffusion coefficients for organic compounds of atmospheric interest has not been available. In this work we have compiled and evaluated gas phase diffusivities (pressure-independent diffusion coefficients) of organic compounds reported by previous experimental studies, and we compare the measurement data to estimates obtained with Fuller's semi-empirical method. The difference between me

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23

Zhehua, Du. "Gas Steady-state Diffusion in Fractal Porous Media." E3S Web of Conferences 248 (2021): 01011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124801011.

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Gas diffusion in fractal pores does not follow the classic Fick’s and Knudsen’s laws, so more research on gas diffusion in fractal porous media is needed. Fractal pore models are generated using the random walk method. The gas diffusion governing equations for the fractal pores are derived from the classic kineti theory of gases. The gas diffusion model is used to study the gas diffusion in fractal porous meida and to determine steady-state diffusion coefficient formulas. The results show that the diffusion coefficient is proportional to the mean proe diameter, porosity, and the exponetial fun

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24

Zhang, Shiwei, Jun Liu, Zhijun Zhang, and Wenhui Zhang. "A Molecular Dynamics Study on the Constraint Conditions of the Particle Growth Process in Laser Synthesis of Nanopowders." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2012 (2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/830140.

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Laser-induced chemical vapor deposition (LICVD) is a nanopowder synthesis method in which the nanoparticles of a synthetic product undergo nucleation, growth, and agglomeration. The growth process is crucial because it directly determines the growth rate and final size of nanoparticles. In this paper, the nanoparticle growth process is analyzed through a molecular dynamics study, and the process is divided into five steps. In addition, this study explains the microscopic heat and mass transfer processes that occur in the surrounding space and on the particulate surface. Three constraint condit

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25

Lowndes, Douglas H., Christopher M. Rouleau, T. G. Thundat, G. Duscher, E. A. Kenik, and S. J. Pennycook. "Silicon and zinc telluride nanoparticles synthesized by low energy density pulsed laser ablation into ambient gases." Journal of Materials Research 14, no. 2 (1999): 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1999.0053.

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The size distributions of Si and ZnTe nanoparticles produced by low energy density ArF (193 nm) pulsed laser ablation into ambient gases were measured as a function of the gas pressure, P, and target-substrate separation, Dts. For both Si and ZnTe, the largest nanoparticles were found closest to the ablation target, and the mean nanoparticle size decreased with increasing Dts. For Si ablation into He, the mean nanoparticle diameter did not increase monotonically with gas pressure but reached a maximum near P = 6 Torr. High resolution Z-contrast transmission electron microscopy and energy loss

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26

Hamilton, Stewart M., and Keiko H. Hattori. "Spontaneous potential and redox responses over a forest ring." GEOPHYSICS 73, no. 3 (2008): B67—B75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.2890287.

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Forest rings are large, circular features in boreal forests that commonly exceed [Formula: see text] in diameter and are visible on aerial photographs. A detailed study of redox conditions and spontaneous potential (SP) was carried out over a forest ring that overlies an [Formula: see text] accumulation. Studies included drilling, monitoring well installation, and downhole SP using both polarizing and nonpolarizing electrodes. Also measured were redox potential of groundwater and soils, concentrations of sulfur species in groundwater, and headspace concentrations of redox-sensitive gases in mo

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27

Kang, Steve H., and Joseph A. Kunc. "Molecular diameters in high-temperature gases." Journal of Physical Chemistry 95, no. 18 (1991): 6971–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100171a045.

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28

KUCHERENKO, Yu A., O. E. SHESTACHENKO, Yu A. PISKUNOV, E. V. SVIRIDOV, V. M. MEDVEDEV, and A. I. BAISHEV. "Experimental investigation into the self-similar mode of mixing of different density gases in the Earth's gravitational field." Laser and Particle Beams 21, no. 3 (2003): 385–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s026303460321315x.

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Experiments on self-similar Rayleigh–Taylor instability-induced mixing in gases in the Earth's gravity conducted on the OSA facility at the Russian Federal Nuclear Center–VNIITF are described. These experiments are distinguished from other experiments, usually performed with immiscible liquids in a tank or with miscible liquids initially separated by a solid barrier that is retracted, in that a membrane (of ∼1 μm thickness) with liquid soap film embedded in a thin wire array (with microconductors of diameter 20 μm and with a spacing of 4 mm) initially separates the fluids. An electric current

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29

Yu, Yong-Peng, Xiang-Lin Chi, and Li-Jun Liu. "Corrigendum to “A Hypothesis: Hydrogen Sulfide Might Be Neuroprotective against Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Induced Brain Injury”." Scientific World Journal 2020 (September 27, 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8364250.

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Gases such as nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) play important roles both in normal physiology and in disease. Recent studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) protects neurons against oxidative stress and ischemia-reperfusion injury and attenuates lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced neuroinflammation in microglia, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities. The gas H2S is emerging as a novel regulator of important physiologic functions such as arterial diameter, blood flow, and leukocyte adhesion. It has been known that multiple factors, including oxidative stress,

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30

Yu, Yong-Peng, Xiang-Lin Chi, and Li-Jun Liu. "A Hypothesis: Hydrogen Sulfide Might Be Neuroprotective against Subarachnoid Hemorrhage Induced Brain Injury." Scientific World Journal 2014 (February 23, 2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/432318.

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Анотація:

Gases such as nitric oxide (NO) and carbon monoxide (CO) play important roles both in normal physiology and in disease. Recent studies have shown that hydrogen sulfide (H2S) protects neurons against oxidative stress and ischemia-reperfusion injury and attenuates lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced neuroinflammation in microglia, exhibiting anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic activities. The gas H2S is emerging as a novel regulator of important physiologic functions such as arterial diameter, blood flow, and leukocyte adhesion. It has been known that multiple factors, including oxidative stress,

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31

Kvitsinsky, V. A., S. I. Kryvosheev, and S. V. Marushchak. "THE USE OF A TREE-LIKE POROUS STRUCTURE MODEL FOR ESTIMATING OF THE IGNITION TEMPERATURE OF A CARBON RESIDUE PARTICLE." Journal of Coal Chemistry 6 (2020): 17–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.31081/1681-309x-2020-0-6-17-27.

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A model of a tree-like porous structure has been used to calculate the thermal effects of chemical reactions of the molecular oxygen and carbon dioxide with an accessible particle surface of a carbon residue and to estimate heat balance with a gas environment. The effective reaction rate constant of the oxygen and carbon dioxide for the contour surface of the particle has been presented as the averaged value of the effective constants for the components of the surface of the carbon residue partricle: the inlets in the micro-, meso-, macropores; the density of outer surface; the areas of minera

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Okon, Edidiong, Habiba Shehu, and Edward Gobina. "Characterisation of Inorganic Composite Ceramic Membrane for Lactic Acid Esterification Processes." Advanced Materials Research 1102 (May 2015): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1102.99.

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The use of inorganic composite membranes in chemical industries has received a lot of attention more recently due to a number of exceptional advantages including thermal stability and robustness. Inorganic membranes can selectively remove water from the reaction mixture during esterification reactions in order to enhance product formation. The characterisation of inorganic composite membranes used in this work including the determination of the pore diameter and specific surface area was performed using Liquid Nitrogen adsorption at 77 K. The membrane was modified once. The permeation test for

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33

Chogani, A., A. Moosavi, and M. Rahiminejad. "Numerical Simulation of Salt Water Passing Mechanism Through Nanoporous Single-Layer Graphene Membrane." Chemical Product and Process Modeling 11, no. 1 (2016): 73–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cppm-2015-0068.

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Abstract In recent years carbon nanotubes and other carbon nanostructures such as graphene sheets have attracted a lot of attention due to their unique mechanical, thermal and electrical properties. These structures can be used in desalination of sea water, removal of hazardous substances from water tanks, gases separation, and so on. The nanoporous single layer graphene membranes are very efficient for desalinating water due to their very low thickness. In this method, water-flow thorough the membrane and salt rejection strongly depend on the applied pressure and size of nanopores that are cr

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34

Zhou, Liang, Runlin Han, Yuxuan Tao, Jinqu Wang, and Yiwei Luo. "Optimized Preparation of Nanosized Hollow SSZ-13 Molecular Sieves with Ultrasonic Assistance." Nanomaterials 10, no. 11 (2020): 2298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano10112298.

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Because of its unique eight-membered ring pore structure and the arrangement of cations in its structure, the SSZ-13 molecular sieve has a higher affinity for CO2 than other gases, meaning it has attracted more attention than other porous materials for CO2 adsorption. However, the expensive template and long preparation time limits the industrial production of SSZ-13. In this work, a hollow structure was successfully introduced into the nanosized SSZ-13 molecular sieve with ultrasonic treatment. The effects of the amount of seed added and the ultrasonic time on the structure were investigated.

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35

Parinyakit, Supatsorn, and Patcharin Worathanakul. "Static and Dynamic Simulation of Single and Binary Component Adsorption of CO2 and CH4 on Fixed Bed Using Molecular Sieve of Zeolite 4A." Processes 9, no. 7 (2021): 1250. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr9071250.

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The simulation of carbon dioxide (CO2)-methane (CH4) mixed gas adsorption and the selectivity on zeolite 4A using Aspen Adsorption were studied. The influence of temperature ranging from 273 to 343 K, pressure up to 10 bar and various compositions of CO2 in the binary system were simulated. The findings of the study demonstrate that the models are accurate. In addition, the effects of various key parameters such as temperature, pressure, and various compositions of binary gases were investigated. The highest CO2 and CH4 adsorption are found at 273 K and 10 bar in the Langmuir isotherm model wi

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36

Huang, Song-Jeng, Philip Nathaniel Immanuel, Yi-Kuang Yen, et al. "Tungsten Disulfide Nanotube-Modified Conductive Paper-Based Chemiresistive Sensor for the Application in Volatile Organic Compounds’ Detection." Sensors 21, no. 18 (2021): 6121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21186121.

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Toxic and nontoxic volatile organic compound (VOC) gases are emitted into the atmosphere from certain solids and liquids as a consequence of wastage and some common daily activities. Inhalation of toxic VOCs has an adverse effect on human health, so it is necessary to monitor their concentration in the atmosphere. In this work, we report on the fabrication of inorganic nanotube (INT)-tungsten disulfide, paper-based graphene–PEDOT:PSS sheet and WS2 nanotube-modified conductive paper-based chemiresistors for VOC gas sensing. The WS2 nanotubes were fabricated by a two-step reaction, that is oxide

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37

Li, Jing, Keliu Wu, Zhangxin Chen, et al. "On the Negative Excess Isotherms for Methane Adsorption at High Pressure: Modeling and Experiment." SPE Journal 24, no. 06 (2019): 2504–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/197045-pa.

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Summary An excess adsorption amount obtained in experiments is always determined by mass balance with a void volume measured by helium (He) –expansion tests. However, He, with a small kinetic diameter, can penetrate into narrow pores in porous media that are inaccessible to adsorbate gases [e.g., methane (CH4)]. Thus, the actual accessible volume for a specific adsorbate is always overestimated by an He–based void volume; such overestimation directly leads to errors in the determination of excess isotherms in the laboratory, such as “negative isotherms” for gas adsorption at high pressures, wh

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38

Borgström, S., T. Starczewski, S. Svanberg, C. G. Wahlström, E. Fill, and J. Steingruber. "Time-resolved X-ray spectroscopy of optical-field-ionized plasmas." Laser and Particle Beams 13, no. 4 (1995): 459–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600009605.

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The time-dependent soft X-ray emission of helium and nitrogen plasmas generated by optical-field ionization is reported. The experiments were carried out by focusing pulses of the high-power Ti:sapphire laser of the Lund Institute of Technology (λ = 796 nm, pulse duration 150 fs, pulse energy 150 mJ) to a 50-μm diameter spot close to a nozzle, using He and N2 as target gases. The emission on He+, N4+, and N3+ resonance lines was recorded by means of a flat-field grating spectrometer coupled to an X-ray streak camera. A pronounced difference in the temporal shape of the emission of the Lyman-α

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39

Girei, Saad Hayatu, Mohammed Majeed Alkhabet, Yasmin Mustapha Kamil, Hong Ngee Lim, Mohd Adzir Mahdi, and Mohd Hanif Yaacob. "Wavelength Dependent Graphene Oxide-Based Optical Microfiber Sensor for Ammonia Gas." Sensors 21, no. 2 (2021): 556. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21020556.

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Ammonia detection in ambient air is critical, given its implication on the environment and human health. In this work, an optical fiber tapered to a 20 µm diameter and coated with graphene oxide was developed for absorbance response monitoring of ammonia at visible (500–700 nm) and near-infrared wavelength regions (700–900 nm). The morphology, surface characteristics, and chemical composition of the graphene oxide samples were confirmed by a field emission scanning electron microscope, an atomic force microscope, X-ray diffraction, and an energy dispersion X-ray. The sensing performance of the

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40

Bayer, Armin, Frank Barkusky, Stefan Döring, Peter Großmann, and Klaus Mann. "Applications of Compact Laser-Driven EUV/XUV Plasma Sources." X-Ray Optics and Instrumentation 2010 (December 19, 2010): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2010/687496.

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We present an overview on the EUV/XUV activities of the Laser-Laboratorium Göttingen based on table-top laser-produced plasma (LPP) sources. As target materials, gaseous jets of noble gases or solid Gold are employed. In order to obtain high EUV fluence, a Schwarzschild objective consisting of two spherical mirrors with Mo/Si multilayer coatings is adapted to the source. By demagnified (10x) imaging of the Au plasma, an EUV spot with a maximum energy density of ∼1.3 J/cm2 is generated (3 μm diameter, pulse duration 8.8 ns). First applications of this system reveal its potential for high-resolu

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41

Schobesberger, S., A. Franchin, F. Bianchi, et al. "On the composition of ammonia-sulfuric acid clusters during aerosol particle formation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics Discussions 14, no. 9 (2014): 13413–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acpd-14-13413-2014.

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Abstract. The formation of particles from precursor vapors is an important source of atmospheric aerosol. Research at the Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets (CLOUD) facility at CERN tries to elucidate which vapors are responsible for this new particle formation, and how in detail it proceeds. Initial measurement campaigns at the CLOUD stainless-steel aerosol chamber focused on investigating particle formation from ammonia (NH3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Experiments were conducted in the presence of water, ozone and sulfur dioxide. Contaminant trace gases were suppressed at the technological lim

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42

Schobesberger, S., A. Franchin, F. Bianchi, et al. "On the composition of ammonia–sulfuric-acid ion clusters during aerosol particle formation." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 15, no. 1 (2015): 55–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-15-55-2015.

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Анотація:

Abstract. The formation of particles from precursor vapors is an important source of atmospheric aerosol. Research at the Cosmics Leaving OUtdoor Droplets (CLOUD) facility at CERN tries to elucidate which vapors are responsible for this new-particle formation, and how in detail it proceeds. Initial measurement campaigns at the CLOUD stainless-steel aerosol chamber focused on investigating particle formation from ammonia (NH3) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Experiments were conducted in the presence of water, ozone and sulfur dioxide. Contaminant trace gases were suppressed at the technological lim

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43

Verweij, Henk, Y. S. Lin, and Junhang Dong. "Microporous Silica and Zeolite Membranes for Hydrogen Purification." MRS Bulletin 31, no. 10 (2006): 756–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/mrs2006.189.

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AbstractMicroporous amorphous silica and zeolite membranes are made as thin films on a multilayer porous support. The membranes have a network of connected micropores with ∼0.5–nm diameters. Net transport of small molecules on this network occurs under the driving force of a gradient in chemical potential. Favorable combinations of sorption selectivity and diffusion mobility in the membrane materials lead to high H2 fluxes and good selectivity with respect to other gases. The membranes show potential for application in H2 separation under harsh conditions. Amorphous silica membranes show very

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44

TAUSCHWITZ, A., R. BIRKNER, R. KNOBLOCH, et al. "Stability of gas discharge channels for final beam transport." Laser and Particle Beams 20, no. 3 (2002): 503–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034602203286.

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Discharge plasma channels have been investigated in recent years at Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung–Darmstadt (GSI) and at the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in Berkeley, California, in a number of experiments. A short summary of the experimental work at Berkeley and GSI is given. Different initiation mechanisms for gas discharges of up to 60 kA were studied and compared. In the Berkeley experiments, laser ionization of organic vapors in a buffer gas was used to initiate and direct the discharge while at GSI, laser gas heating and ion-beam-induced gas ionization were tested as ini

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45

Pylypchuk, Ievgen, Roman Selyanchyn, Tetyana Budnyak, et al. "“Artificial Wood” Lignocellulosic Membranes: Influence of Kraft Lignin on the Properties and Gas Transport in Tunicate-Based Nanocellulose Composites." Membranes 11, no. 3 (2021): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/membranes11030204.

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Nanocellulose membranes based on tunicate-derived cellulose nanofibers, starch, and ~5% wood-derived lignin were investigated using three different types of lignin. The addition of lignin into cellulose membranes increased the specific surface area (from 5 to ~50 m2/g), however the fine porous geometry of the nanocellulose with characteristic pores below 10 nm in diameter remained similar for all membranes. The permeation of H2, CO2, N2, and O2 through the membranes was investigated and a characteristic Knudsen diffusion through the membranes was observed at a rate proportional to the inverse

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46

Tarasov, Boris P., Artem A. Arbuzov, Alexei A. Volodin, Sergey A. Mozhzhukhin, and Mikhail V. Klyuev. "NICKEL-GRAPHENE CATALYST FOR MAGNESIUM HYDROGENATION AND FOR CARBON NANOSTRUCTURES SYNTHESIS." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 60, no. 8 (2017): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.2017608.5645.

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The results of obtaining graphene-like nanomaterials (GLM) by reduction of graphite oxide, preparation of nickel-graphene catalysts and formation of carbon-graphene and magnesium-graphene composites are presented. The optimal preparation conditions and the functional characteristics of the obtained materials are determined. The method described in this work makes possible to obtain nickel-graphene composites (Ni/GLM) containing 5–25 wt.% of Ni nanoparticles of size 2–5 nm. Such composites are effective catalysts for the hydrogenation of magnesium. They were used to create hydrogen storage mate

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47

Schweighart, M., W. Macher, G. Kargl, B. Gundlach, and H. L. Capelo. "Viscous and Knudsen gas flow through dry porous cometary analogue material." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 504, no. 4 (2021): 5513–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stab934.

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ABSTRACT According to current theories of the formation of stellar systems, comets belong to the oldest and most pristine class of bodies to be found around a star. When approaching the Sun, the nucleus shows increasing activity and a pressure increase inside the material causes sublimated and trapped gas molecules to stream away from their regions of origin towards the surface. The present work studies two essential mechanisms of gas transport through a porous layer, namely the Darcy and the Knudsen flow. Gas flow measurements are performed in the laboratory with several analogue materials, w

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48

Wu, Lei, Haihu Liu, Jason M. Reese, and Yonghao Zhang. "Non-equilibrium dynamics of dense gas under tight confinement." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 794 (March 30, 2016): 252–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2016.173.

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The force-driven Poiseuille flow of dense gases between two parallel plates is investigated through the numerical solution of the generalized Enskog equation for two-dimensional hard discs. We focus on the competing effects of the mean free path ${\it\lambda}$, the channel width $L$ and the disc diameter ${\it\sigma}$. For elastic collisions between hard discs, the normalized mass flow rate in the hydrodynamic limit increases with $L/{\it\sigma}$ for a fixed Knudsen number (defined as $Kn={\it\lambda}/L$), but is always smaller than that predicted by the Boltzmann equation. Also, for a fixed $

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49

Spracklen, D. V., K. S. Carslaw, M. Kulmala, V. M. Kerminen, G. W. Mann, and S. L. Sihto. "The contribution of boundary layer nucleation events to total particle concentrations on regional and global scales." Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 6, no. 12 (2006): 5631–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/acp-6-5631-2006.

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Abstract. The contribution of boundary layer (BL) nucleation events to total particle concentrations on the global scale has been studied by including a new particle formation mechanism in a global aerosol microphysics model. The mechanism is based on an analysis of extensive observations of particle formation in the BL at a continental surface site. It assumes that molecular clusters form at a rate proportional to the gaseous sulfuric acid concentration to the power of 1. The formation rate of 3 nm diameter observable particles is controlled by the cluster formation rate and the existing part

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50

Шорінов, Олександр Володимирович, та Сергій Олександрович Поливяний. "Вплив діаметру частинок порошку нікелю на їх швидкість і температуру при холодному газодинамічному напилюванні". Aerospace technic and technology, № 4sup1 (27 серпня 2021): 110–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.32620/aktt.2021.4sup1.15.

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To deposit coatings in cold gas-dynamic spraying (CS), a high-speed gas flow is used to accelerate and heat particles. Therefore, first of all, it is necessary to consider the general laws of the gas flow and the movement of particles in the flow, as well as its interaction with the substrate. Due to the CS process depends primarily on the particle velocity, it is important to understand the effect of the process parameters (pressure and temperature at the nozzle inlet), the characteristics of the powder particles (material density, shape, and size), and the geometry of the nozzle. The gas vel

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