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Статті в журналах з теми "Divine contraction"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 7 червня 2025

Оновлено: 2 серпня 2025

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1

GOLDSCHMIDT, TYRON, and SAMUEL LEBENS. "Divine contractions: theism gives birth to idealism." Religious Studies 56, no. 4 (2018): 509–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0034412518000665.

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Анотація:

AbstractThe first part of the article presents three little arguments from theism to idealism. The second part employs these arguments to make sense of a puzzling doctrine of Jewish mysticism: the doctrine of divine contraction (Heb. tzimtzum).

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2

Dott, R. H. "James Dwight Dana's old tectonics; global contraction under divine direction." American Journal of Science 297, no. 3 (1997): 283–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.2475/ajs.297.3.283.

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3

Sánchez Corrales, Carlos José. "The Habermasian Translation Proviso of Religious Content." Res Philosophica 101, no. 2 (2024): 377–400. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/resphilosophica20241012121.

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Habermas’s translation proviso aims to legitimize religious argumentation in the informal part of the public sphere while requiring religious citizens to express their arguments in the formal part of the public sphere using a universal (secular) language. By considering secular scholars Gonzalo Scivoletto’s and Javier Aguirre’s critiques of the meaning of “translation,” this article highlights the inconsistency of the proviso as manifested in its application to the religious concept of tzimtzum (“divine contraction”), from which Habermas attempts to extract a secular worldview and moral intuit

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4

Ochs, Christoph. "God’s self-distancing: what a global pandemic might teach us about God." Theology 123, no. 5 (2020): 353–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040571x20944580.

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As a global pandemic is compelling a majority of the world population to physically distance themselves from one another – essentially out of love for fellow humans – we are given a unique lens to explore that a God of love (1 John 4.8, 16) equally keeps himself distant from humanity in certain regards. God distances himself because he loves. Jüngel, Moltmann and others have argued for God’s self-limitation before creation because of his love; it is therefore worthwhile reflecting if this divine self-contraction (or Zimzum) is not analogous to a kind of self-distancing of God from his creation

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5

Margolin, Ron. "The Imperfect God." European Journal for Philosophy of Religion 12, no. 2 (2020): 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.24204/ejpr.v12i2.3329.

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This paper focuses on the Hasidic view, namely, that human flaws do not function as a barrier between a fallen humanity and a perfect deity, since the whole of creation stems from a divine act of self-contraction. Thus, we need not be discouraged by our own shortcomings, nor by those of our loved ones. Rather, seeing our flaws in the face of another should remind us that imperfection is an aspect of the God who created us. Such a positive approach to human fallibility arouses forgiveness, mutual acceptance, and a hope for repair, and, therefore, has much to recommend itself. In the first part

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6

Goldman-Ida, Batsheva. "Jonathan Leaman: In Conversation." IMAGES 13, no. 1 (2020): 47–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18718000-12340130.

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Abstract Jonathan Leaman (b. 1954, London) is a British painter who is represented in the Tate Collection. This article, the result of 15 years of his correspondence with art historian and museum curator Batsheva Goldman-Ida, focuses on a group of works by the artist from the last two decades. Leaman’s familiarity with major Kabbalah scholarship, combined with his wide knowledge of poetry and philosophy, enable him to engage in concepts related to Kabbalah and art in a discursive manner that is unparalleled in modern scholarship. This article showcases Leaman’s remarks with source material for

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7

Giacomini, Lorenzo. "Dal "frammezzo" all'in-between. Un archetipo "tra" spazio mistico e spazio architettonico." TERRITORIO, no. 48 (May 2009): 70–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2009-048012.

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- The simple preposition "between" has always fuelled the mystic and ontological imagination. In the book Tree of Life compiled by the cabalist Hayyim Vital, a prototype of this tradition is the idea of divine "contraction", the first act of God that left space for the creation of the worlds. Similar concepts can be found in the ontology of Heidegger, where one of the closest words to "being" is "between", the median line marking the difference between "entity" and "being", between "world" and "thing". For Norberg-Schulz, "between" is also the point where Heidegger and Kahn meet. It will be re

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8

Julian, Ungar-Sargon. "Epistemology versus Ontology in Therapeutic Practice: The Tzimtzum Model and Doctor-Patient Relationships." Advance Medical and Clinical Research 06, no. 01 (2025): 08. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15347587.

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<strong>Abstract</strong> This paper examines how the philosophical tension between epistemology and ontology shapes the discourse on pantheism versus transcendence in Jewish mystical thought. By analyzing the works of contemporary scholars including Elliot Wolfson, Jonathan Garb, Amos Funkenstein, Rachel Elior, Ada Rapoport-Albert, Immanuel Etkes, Moshe Idel, and Eli Rubin, this study positions their interpretations within broader philosophical frameworks established by Kant and Hegel. The paper argues that Jewish mystical approaches to divine immanence and transcendence represent a unique ph

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9

Botterman, B. R., and T. C. Cope. "Motor-unit stimulation patterns during fatiguing contractions of constant tension." Journal of Neurophysiology 60, no. 4 (1988): 1198–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.1988.60.4.1198.

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1. Through computer feedback control, muscle-unit tension was maintained by altering the stimulation rate of a functionally isolated motor axon. The required stimulation patterns and fatigue properties of motor units from the flexor carpi radialis (FCR), flexor digitorum longus (FDL), and medial gastrocnemius (MG) muscles of the cat were studied when tension was maintained or "clamped" at a constant average level (25% of maximum tetanic tension). 2. In each muscle, two distinct stimulation patterns were observed during constant-tension contractions, one associated with slow-twitch units and th

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10

Fine, Michael L., Barbara Bernard, and Thomas M. Harris. "Functional morphology of toadfish sonic muscle fibers: relationship to possible fiber division." Canadian Journal of Zoology 71, no. 11 (1993): 2262–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z93-318.

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Sexually dimorphic sonic muscles, which vibrate the swimbladder for sound production in the oyster toadfish (Opsanus tau), are among the fastest vertebrate muscles. Previous work has shown that sonic muscle fibers are smaller in males, have an unusual morphology, and increase in number and size for life. We now report evidence consistent with the hypothesis that mature, presumably postmitotic, sonic fibers divide, and suggest that division, which returns fibers to small energy-efficient units, is necessary because mitochondria are excluded from the fiber's contractile cylinder. Large fibers, p

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11

Habib, Omer, and Lina Adam. "Effects of Punica granatum Juice on Contractility of Isolated Aorta in Female Albino Rats." Academic Journal of International University of Erbil 01, no. 01 (2018): 249–65. https://doi.org/10.63841/iue11165.

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The present study focused on the mechanisms of smooth muscle relaxation induced by Punica granatum juice (PI) in the rat thoracic aorta, The thoracic aorta was removed from female adult albino rat and placed in an organ bath containing Kreb's solution and the contractions were recorded isometrically. The results demonstrated that the P. granatum juice (1.5 to 5 mg/ml) significantly reduces the contractions induced by phenylephrine (PE) (0.01 mM), with IC50 ± SEM of 2.859 ± 0.101 mg/ ml, and percentage of relaxation for PE-induced contraction was 81.8 0.358. Also, the vasodilatory

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12

Espersen, Kurt, Hans Frandsen, Torben Lorentzen, Inge-Lis Kanstrup, and Niels J. Christensen. "The human spleen as an erythrocyte reservoir in diving-related interventions." Journal of Applied Physiology 92, no. 5 (2002): 2071–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00055.2001.

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Twelve subjects without and ten subjects with diving experience performed short diving-related interventions. After labeling of erythrocytes, scintigraphic measurements were continuously performed during these interventions. All interventions elicited a graduated and reproducible splenic contraction, depending on the type, severity, and duration of the interventions. The splenic contraction varied between ∼10% for “apnea” (breath holding for 30 s) and “cold clothes” (cold and wet clothes applied on the face with no breath holding for 30 s) and ∼30–40% for “simulated diving” (simulated breath-h

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13

Mazur, Aleksandra, Kate Lambrechts, Qiong Wang, et al. "Influence of decompression sickness on vasocontraction of isolated rat vessels." Journal of Applied Physiology 120, no. 7 (2016): 784–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00139.2015.

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Studies conducted in divers indicate that endothelium function is impaired following a dive even without decompression sickness (DCS). Our previous experiment conducted on rat isolated vessels showed no differences in endothelium-dependent vasodilation after a simulated dive even in the presence of DCS, while contractile response to phenylephrine was progressively impaired with increased decompression stress. This study aimed to further investigate the effect of DCS on vascular smooth muscle. Thirty-two male Sprague-Dawley rats were submitted to the same hyperbaric protocol and classified acco

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14

Hurford, W. E., S. K. Hong, Y. S. Park, et al. "Splenic contraction during breath-hold diving in the Korean ama." Journal of Applied Physiology 69, no. 3 (1990): 932–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1990.69.3.932.

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Major increases of hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit, possibly secondary to splenic contraction, have been noted during diving in the Weddell seal. We sought to learn whether this component of the diving response could be present in professional human breath-hold divers. Splenic size was measured ultrasonically before and after repetitive breath-hold dives to approximately 6-m depth in ten Korean ama (diving women) and in three Japanese male divers who did not routinely practice breath-hold diving. Venous hemoglobin concentration and hematocrit were measured in nine of the ama and all Ja

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15

Bi, Erfei, Paul Maddox, Daniel J. Lew, et al. "Involvement of an Actomyosin Contractile Ring in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Cytokinesis." Journal of Cell Biology 142, no. 5 (1998): 1301–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.142.5.1301.

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In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the mother cell and bud are connected by a narrow neck. The mechanism by which this neck is closed during cytokinesis has been unclear. Here we report on the role of a contractile actomyosin ring in this process. Myo1p (the only type II myosin in S. cerevisiae) forms a ring at the presumptive bud site shortly before bud emergence. Myo1p ring formation depends on the septins but not on F-actin, and preexisting Myo1p rings are stable when F-actin is depolymerized. The Myo1p ring remains in the mother–bud neck until the end of anaphase, when a ring of F-actin forms in

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16

Amirpur, Katajun. "The Expansion of the Prophetic Experience: 'Abdolkarīm Sorūš's New Approach to Qur'ānic Revelation." Die Welt des Islams 51, no. 3-4 (2011): 409–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157006011x603514.

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AbstractIndubitably, Iranian thinker 'Abdolkarīm Sorūš (b. 1945) in the course of the Islamic Republic's history has undergone an impressive change from establishment ideologist to its most prominent dissident. From 1980 on, he was a member of the Council of the Cultural Revolution, an organisation that dismissed oppositional, i.e. secular minded professors from their university posts, and he often appeared on TV as the Islamic Republic's apologist denouncing the left wing's ideology. But in the late 1980s, Sorūš published his epistemological theory of the evolution of religious knowledge in K

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17

Miklós-Thal, Jeanine, and Greg Shaffer. "Private contracting with externalities: Divide and conquer?" International Journal of Industrial Organization 50 (January 2017): 460–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijindorg.2016.03.002.

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18

Lin, Zhiyue, Brandon Yim, Andrew Gawron, Hala Imam, Peter J. Kahrilas, and John E. Pandolfino. "The four phases of esophageal bolus transit defined by high-resolution impedance manometry and fluoroscopy." American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology 307, no. 4 (2014): G437—G444. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpgi.00148.2014.

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We aimed to model esophageal bolus transit based on esophageal pressure topography (EPT) landmarks, concurrent intrabolus pressure (IBP), and esophageal diameter as defined with fluoroscopy. Ten healthy subjects were studied with high-resolution impedance manometry and videofluoroscopy. Data from four 5-ml barium swallows (2 upright, 2 supine) in each subject were analyzed. EPT landmarks were utilized to divide bolus transit into four phases: phase I, upper esophageal sphincter (UES) opening; phase II, UES closure to the transition zone (TZ); phase III, TZ to contractile deceleration point (CD

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19

Mast, F., R. C. Woledge, and G. Elzinga. "Analysis of thermopile records from contracting isolated cardiac muscle." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 259, no. 5 (1990): H1601—H1605. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.1990.259.5.h1601.

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Recovery heat production after contraction in rabbit papillary muscle at 20 degrees C occurs at an exponentially declining rate. The time constant describing this decline is 25 s; it is not different when 10 twitches or when a steady-state twitch train is studied, and it is unaltered by changing stimulus frequency from 0.125 to 0.2 Hz. The same value has previously been found after single twitches. If it is assumed that phosphocreatine (PCr) resynthesis is the cause of recovery heat production and that it occurs also during contractions at a rate proportional to the amount of PCr depletion, it

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20

Kanada, Masamitsu, Akira Nagasaki, and Taro Q. P. Uyeda. "Adhesion-dependent and Contractile Ring-independent Equatorial Furrowing during Cytokinesis in Mammalian Cells." Molecular Biology of the Cell 16, no. 8 (2005): 3865–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1091/mbc.e05-03-0233.

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Myosin II-dependent contraction of the contractile ring drives equatorial furrowing during cytokinesis in animal cells. Nonetheless, myosin II-null cells of the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium divide efficiently when adhering to substrates by making use of polar traction forces. Here, we show that in the presence of 30 μM blebbistatin, a potent myosin II inhibitor, normal rat kidney (NRK) cells adhering to fibronectin-coated surfaces formed equatorial furrows and divided in a manner strikingly similar to myosin II-null Dictyostelium cells. Such blebbistatin-resistant cytokinesis was absent i

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21

Lovvorn, J. R., D. A. Croll, and G. A. Liggins. "Mechanical versus physiological determinants of swimming speeds in diving Brunnich's guillemots." Journal of Experimental Biology 202, no. 13 (1999): 1741–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.202.13.1741.

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For fast flapping flight of birds in air, the maximum power and efficiency of the muscles occur over a limited range of contraction speeds and loads. Thus, contraction frequency and work per stroke tend to stay constant for a given species. In birds such as auks (Alcidae) that fly both in air and under water, wingbeat frequencies in water are far lower than in air, and it is unclear to what extent contraction frequency and work per stroke are conserved. During descent, compression of air spaces dramatically lowers buoyant resistance, so that maintaining a constant contraction frequency and wor

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22

Mendes Pinto, Inês, Boris Rubinstein, and Rong Li. "Force to Divide: Structural and Mechanical Requirements for Actomyosin Ring Contraction." Biophysical Journal 105, no. 3 (2013): 547–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2013.06.033.

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23

Shiels, H. A., G. L. J. Galli, and B. A. Block. "Cardiac function in an endothermic fish: cellular mechanisms for overcoming acute thermal challenges during diving." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 282, no. 1800 (2015): 20141989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2014.1989.

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Understanding the physiology of vertebrate thermal tolerance is critical for predicting how animals respond to climate change. Pacific bluefin tuna experience a wide range of ambient sea temperatures and occupy the largest geographical niche of all tunas. Their capacity to endure thermal challenge is due in part to enhanced expression and activity of key proteins involved in cardiac excitation–contraction coupling, which improve cardiomyocyte function and whole animal performance during temperature change. To define the cellular mechanisms that enable bluefin tuna hearts to function during acu

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24

Fitz‐Clarke, John R. "Breath‐Hold Diving." Comprehensive Physiology 8, no. 2 (2018): 585–630. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2040-4603.2018.tb00014.x.

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ABSTRACTBreath‐hold diving is practiced by recreational divers, seafood divers, military divers, and competitive athletes. It involves highly integrated physiology and extreme responses. This article reviews human breath‐hold diving physiology beginning with an historical overview followed by a summary of foundational research and a survey of some contemporary issues. Immersion and cardiovascular adjustments promote a blood shift into the heart and chest vasculature. Autonomic responses include diving bradycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction, and splenic contraction, which help conserve oxygen

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25

Richards, Eric L. "Contracting from East to West: Bridging the cultural divide." Business Horizons 57, no. 5 (2014): 677–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bushor.2014.04.003.

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26

Esbaugh, A. J., M. Hazel, and D. P. Toews. "Aspects of lymph-heart function in Rana catesbeiana." Canadian Journal of Zoology 80, no. 12 (2002): 2125–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z02-210.

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The effect of voluntary dives on the posterior lymph heart rate of the bullfrog, Rana catesbeiana, was tested and compared with the blood-heart rate (n = 6). This was performed by cannulating the posterior lymph heart and femoral artery simultaneously. Blood-heart rates during submergence were significantly lower (α = 0.05) then pre-submergence rates at all sampling times. In contrast, the lymph hearts showed significantly lower rates only during the first and last submergence intervals. It is believed that the lymph-heart bradycardia found during these intervals is due in part to the physiolo

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27

Mikle, Nate, Tabitha A. Graves, Ryan Kovach, Katherine C. Kendall, and Amy C. Macleod. "Demographic mechanisms underpinning genetic assimilation of remnant groups of a large carnivore." Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 283, no. 1839 (2016): 20161467. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2016.1467.

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Current range expansions of large terrestrial carnivores are occurring following human-induced range contraction. Contractions are often incomplete, leaving small remnant groups in refugia throughout the former range. Little is known about the underlying ecological and evolutionary processes that influence how remnant groups are affected during range expansion. We used data from a spatially explicit, long-term genetic sampling effort of grizzly bears ( Ursus arctos ) in the Northern Continental Divide Ecosystem (NCDE), USA, to identify the demographic processes underlying spatial and temporal

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28

Mangan, David. "Delivering on the Binary Divide." European Labour Law Journal 12, no. 2 (2021): 226–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2031952521998814.

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Delivery companies have become a focal point of the ‘gig economy’, with Uber the most often identified entity. This commentary considers what recent cases involving delivery service companies suggest about labour law and the platform economy. Although these cases have focused on employment status, this commentary contends that the continuing lack of concerted engagement with the independent contractor status contributes to this spate of cases. Cases: Heller v Uber Technologies Inc. 2020 SCC 16. Uber Cass Soc, Appeal no. S 19-13.316. Uber v Aslam [2021] UKSC.

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29

Yoshida, Y., H. Kuroiwa, O. Misumi, et al. "Chloroplasts Divide by Contraction of a Bundle of Nanofilaments Consisting of Polyglucan." Science 329, no. 5994 (2010): 949–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.1190791.

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30

Schneck, Arne, and Klaus Nökel. "Accelerating Traffic Assignment with Customizable Contraction Hierarchies." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2674, no. 1 (2020): 188–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119898455.

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In many algorithms for traffic assignment, the most time-consuming step is shortest path search between all O–D pairs. Almost unnoticed by the transport modeling community, there has been an enormous amount of research on acceleration techniques for the shortest path problem in road networks in the past decade. These techniques usually divide the problem into a relatively expensive preprocessing phase and a significantly accelerated search phase. In this paper, the recently developed customizable contraction hierarchies are used for both shortest path search and network loading in the bi-conju

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31

Cabanac, Arnaud, Lars P. Folkow, and Arnoldus Schytte Blix. "Volume capacity and contraction control of the seal spleen." Journal of Applied Physiology 82, no. 6 (1997): 1989–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1997.82.6.1989.

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Cabanac, Arnaud, Lars P. Folkow, and Arnoldus Schytte Blix.Volume capacity and contraction control of the seal spleen. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(6): 1989–1994, 1997.—Volume changes in the spleens of hooded seals ( Cystophora cristata) and harp seals ( Phoca groenlandica) were measured plethysmographically in vitro in response to epinephrine, norepinephrine, isoprenaline, phentolamine, and acetylcholine. Dilated spleens contracted forcefully within 1–3 min of α-adrenoceptor activation with 1.0–5.0 μg epinephrine/kg body mass, whereas stimulation of β-adrenoceptors and cholinergic receptors had littl

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32

Krisnabudhi, Alfathony, Benyamin Sapiie, Agus Men Riyanto, Adi Gunawan, and Febriana Fiona Rizky. "Mesozoic-Cenozoic Stratigraphy and Tectonic Development of the Southern Great Tarakan Basin, Northeast Borneo, Indonesia." Rudarsko-geološko-naftni zbornik 37, no. 1 (2022): 123–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17794/rgn.2022.1.11.

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We analyzed the tectonics and stratigraphy of the Southern Great Tarakan Basin to determine its tectonic evolution during the Mesozoic-Cenozoic Eras, the evolution of basin geometry, and the potential of hydrocarbon using integrated surface and subsurface data. Southern Great Tarakan Basin can be divided into three sub-basins, Berau, Muara, and South Tarakan. They comprise deposits of Jurassic to Quaternary age, which can be assigned five mega sequences based on their lithological characteristics and tectonic development. We divide the tectonic events into four main phases; (1) contractional J

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33

Qvist, J., R. D. Hill, R. C. Schneider, et al. "Hemoglobin concentrations and blood gas tensions of free-diving Weddell seals." Journal of Applied Physiology 61, no. 4 (1986): 1560–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1986.61.4.1560.

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Arterial blood gas tensions, pH, and hemoglobin concentrations were measured in four free-diving Weddell seals Leptonychotes weddelli. A microprocessor-controlled sampling system enabled us to obtain 24 single and 31 serial aortic blood samples. The arterial O2 tension (PaO2) at rest [78 +/- 13 (SD) Torr] increased with diving compression to a maximum measured value of 232 Torr and then rapidly decreased to 25-35 Torr. The lowest diving PaO2 we measured was 18 Torr just before the seal surfaced from a 27-min dive. A consistent increase of arterial hemoglobin concentrations from 15.1 +/- 1.10 t

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34

Segal, Ilya. "Coordination and discrimination in contracting with externalities: divide and conquer?" Journal of Economic Theory 113, no. 2 (2003): 147–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0022-0531(03)00114-5.

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35

Hurford, W. E., P. W. Hochachka, R. C. Schneider, et al. "Splenic contraction, catecholamine release, and blood volume redistribution during diving in the Weddell seal." Journal of Applied Physiology 80, no. 1 (1996): 298–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.1996.80.1.298.

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The spleen of the Weddell seal (Leptonychotes weddelli) may contract and inject red blood cells (RBCs) into the peripheral circulation during diving, but evidence for this hypothesis is indirect. Accordingly, we measured splenic dimensions by ultrasonography, plasma catecholamine concentrations, hemoglobin concentration, and hematocrit in five Weddell seals before and after intravenous epinephrine during halothane anesthesia and while awake at the surface after voluntary dives. Spleen size was reduced immediately after epinephrine injection or after the seal surfaced. Within the first 2 min af

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36

Rezig, Imane M., Wandiahyel G. Yaduma, and Christopher J. McInerny. "Processes Controlling the Contractile Ring during Cytokinesis in Fission Yeast, Including the Role of ESCRT Proteins." Journal of Fungi 10, no. 2 (2024): 154. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jof10020154.

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Cytokinesis, as the last stage of the cell division cycle, is a tightly controlled process amongst all eukaryotes, with defective division leading to severe cellular consequences and implicated in serious human diseases and conditions such as cancer. Both mammalian cells and the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe use binary fission to divide into two equally sized daughter cells. Similar to mammalian cells, in S. pombe, cytokinetic division is driven by the assembly of an actomyosin contractile ring (ACR) at the cell equator between the two cell tips. The ACR is composed of a complex netw

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37

Trinkaus, J. P. "The midblastula transition, the YSL transition and the onset of gastrulation in Fundulus." Development 116, Supplement (1992): 75–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.116.supplement.75.

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The first signs of cell motility appear in Fundulus toward the end of cleavage, after cleavages 11 and 12. When blastomeres cease cleaving, their surfaces undulate and form blebs. At first, these blebbing cells remain in place. Gradually thereafter they begin movement, with blebs and fllolamellipodia serving as organs of locomotion. Non-motile cleaving blastomeres have thus differentiated into motile blastula cells. This transformation corresponds to the midblastula transition of amphibian embryos. Gastrulation in Fundulus begins with vegetalward contraction of the external yolk syncytial laye

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38

Mokhtari, Omar. "The Epistemological Reading of Religious Knowledge in the Thought of ʻAbd Al-Karīm Soroush". Al-Jami'ah: Journal of Islamic Studies 62, № 2 (2024): 409–37. https://doi.org/10.14421/ajis.2024.622.409-437.

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This study explores the epistemological dimensions of religious reform advanced by ʻAbd al-Karīm Soroush within the framework of ʻilm al-kalām al-jadīd (modern Islamic theology). It examines how Soroush conceptualizes the relationship between religion (al-dīn) and religious knowledge (al-maʻrifah al-dīniyyah), positing that the latter is inherently dynamic, historically situated, and epistemologically contingent. At the heart of his framework lies the assertion that religious knowledge is not fixed but evolves in tandem with developments in human understanding, cultural contexts, and scientifi

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39

García, Carlos. "Inflación desbordada." Observatorio Económico, no. 157 (June 1, 2021): 2–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.11565/oe.vi157.419.

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No existe una declaración más tajante sobre el origen de la inflación que la realizada por Anna Schwartz, en el prefacio del libro The Great Contraction 1929-1933: la inflación es un fenómeno monetario y no es producto de presiones de costos. Esta definición, para los macroeconomistas es precisa porque divide sin titubeos a las dos almas contrapuestas que coexisten en nuestra profesión: la monetarista –y sus extensiones neoclásicas– del keynesianismo. Continuar leyendo...

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40

Goodwin, N., and S. Pinch. "Explaining Geographical Variations in the Contracting out of NHS Hospital Ancillary Services: A Contextual Approach." Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 27, no. 9 (1995): 1397–418. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a271397.

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A survey of the contracting out of hospital ancillary services within health districts in the National Health Service, in England and Wales over the period 1985 to 1991, reveals a number of patterns including a north–south divide and a rural–urban split. However, apparently similar districts reveal widely differing experiences of contracting out. Detailed case studies of contracting out in two such districts are used to demonstrate the value of a contextually sensitive approach in understanding this diversity of outcomes. Within each district there is a complex evolution of policy involving in

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41

Holmström, Pontus K., Jordan D. Bird, Scott F. Thrall, et al. "The effects of high altitude ascent on splenic contraction and the diving response during voluntary apnoea." Experimental Physiology 106, no. 1 (2020): 160–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1113/ep088571.

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42

Calvert, Meredith E. K., Graham D. Wright, Fong Yew Leong, et al. "Myosin concentration underlies cell size–dependent scalability of actomyosin ring constriction." Journal of Cell Biology 195, no. 5 (2011): 799–813. http://dx.doi.org/10.1083/jcb.201101055.

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In eukaryotes, cytokinesis is accomplished by an actomyosin-based contractile ring. Although in Caenorhabditis elegans embryos larger cells divide at a faster rate than smaller cells, it remains unknown whether a similar mode of scalability operates in other cells. We investigated cytokinesis in the filamentous fungus Neurospora crassa, which exhibits a wide range of hyphal circumferences. We found that N. crassa cells divide using an actomyosin ring and larger rings constricted faster than smaller rings. However, unlike in C. elegans, the total amount of myosin remained constant throughout co

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43

Schagatay, Erika, Johan P. A. Andersson, Magnus Hallén, and Birger Pålsson. "Selected Contribution: Role of spleen emptying in prolonging apneas in humans." Journal of Applied Physiology 90, no. 4 (2001): 1623–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jappl.2001.90.4.1623.

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This study addressed the interaction between short-term adaptation to apneas with face immersion and erythrocyte release from the spleen. Twenty healthy volunteers, including ten splenectomized subjects, participated. After prone rest, they performed five maximal-duration apneas with face immersion in 10°C water, with 2-min intervals. Cardiorespiratory parameters and venous blood samples were collected. In subjects with spleens, hematocrit and hemoglobin concentration increased by 6.4% and 3.3%, respectively, over the serial apneas and returned to baseline 10 min after the series. A delay of t

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44

Stoehr, Ashley A., Jeanine M. Donley, Scott A. Aalbers, Douglas A. Syme, Chugey Sepulveda, and Diego Bernal. "Thermal effects on red muscle contractile performance in deep-diving, large-bodied fishes." Fish Physiology and Biochemistry 46, no. 5 (2020): 1833–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10695-020-00831-7.

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45

Prior, Barry M., H. T. Yang, and Ronald L. Terjung. "What makes vessels grow with exercise training?" Journal of Applied Physiology 97, no. 3 (2004): 1119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.00035.2004.

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Exercise and muscle contractions create a powerful stimulus for structural remodeling of the vasculature. An increase in flow velocity through a vessel increases shear stress, a major stimulus for enlargement of conduit vessels. This leads to an endothelial-dependent, nitric oxide-dependent enlargement of the vessel. Increased flow within muscle, in the absence of contractions, leads to an enhanced capillarity by intussusceptive angiogenesis, a process of capillary splitting by intraluminal longitudinal divide. In contrast, sprouting angiogenesis requires extensive endothelial cell proliferati

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46

Giliker, Paula. "Regulating Contracting Behaviour: The Duty to Disclose in English and French Law." European Review of Private Law 13, Issue 5 (2005): 621–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/erpl2005039.

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The nature and content of any duty to provide information prior to contract is a matter which lies at the heart of European private law. It forms part of the acquis communautaire and is seen as a basic tool of consumer protection. It is not neglected in the proposed Common Frame of Reference which, in its third part, will produce Model Rules which, inter alia, specify the information which should be given before the conclusion of a contract. Yet, this is a topic in which one sees a particular common and civil law divide. The author uses English and French law to demonstrate differing approache

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47

Artola Blanco, Miguel. "Economic growth, wealth, and well-being: Is there an intergenerational divide?" Ekonomiaz. Revista vasca de Economía 101, no. 1 (2022): 222–37. https://doi.org/10.69810/ekz.1430.

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This paper reviews the main mechanisms that explain the growing divergence in economic well-being between age groups. The changing patterns in the labour market are well documented and consistently show that young workers have been negatively impacted by the reductions in relative skill premiums, the rise of new forms of contracting (part-time and freelance), and the growing weight of unemployment. Wealth inequalities are also rising, not only for the most obvious transmission channel (savings) but also because capital gains have disproportionately benefited the elderly. We conclude by reviewi

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48

Lindholm, Peter, and Claes EG Lundgren. "The physiology and pathophysiology of human breath-hold diving." Journal of Applied Physiology 106, no. 1 (2009): 284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/japplphysiol.90991.2008.

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This is a brief overview of physiological reactions, limitations, and pathophysiological mechanisms associated with human breath-hold diving. Breath-hold duration and ability to withstand compression at depth are the two main challenges that have been overcome to an amazing degree as evidenced by the current world records in breath-hold duration at 10:12 min and depth of 214 m. The quest for even further performance enhancements continues among competitive breath-hold divers, even if absolute physiological limits are being approached as indicated by findings of pulmonary edema and alveolar hem

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49

Engan, H., M. X. Richardson, A. Lodin-Sundström, M. van Beekvelt, and E. Schagatay. "Effects of two weeks of daily apnea training on diving response, spleen contraction, and erythropoiesis in novel subjects." Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports 23, no. 3 (2011): 340–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0838.2011.01391.x.

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50

YANG, ZIDUO, RENHUAN YANG, and YAOSHENG LU. "ESTIMATION OF INTRAUTERINE PRESSURE FROM ELECTROHYSTEROGRAPHY USING HILBERT PHASE SLIPS AND STATISTICS METHOD." Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology 17, no. 06 (2017): 1750089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219519417500890.

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Prognostic information during pregnancy can be obtained by monitoring maternal uterine activity. Tocodynamometry (TOCO) is widely used to assess the uterine activity today but it has been found that it has very low sensitivity. Another method to assess the uterine activity is intrauterine pressure catheter (IUPC) which is accurate but highly invasive. Electrohysterogram (EHG) measured from abdominal surface is a noninvasive method to detect uterine contractions. To reduce motion artifacts of intrauterine pressure (IUP) estimated from EHG signal and further improve the accuracy of contractions

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