Дисертації з теми "Economically most advantageous tender"
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1
Stiti, Karim, and Shih Jung Yape. "Bid Forecasting in Public Procurement." Thesis, KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-260258.
Анотація:
Public procurement amounts to a significant part of Sweden's GDP. Nevertheless, it is an overlooked sector characterized by low digitization and inefficient competition where bids are not submitted based on proper mathematical tools. This Thesis seeks to create a structured approach to bidding in cleaning services by determining factors affecting the participation and pricing decision of potential buyers. Furthermore, we assess price prediction by comparing multiple linear regression models (MLR) to support vector regression (SVR). In line with previous research in the construction sector, we find significance for several factors such as project duration, location and type of contract on the participation decision in the cleaning sector. One notable deviant is that we do not find contract size to have an impact on the pricing decision. Surprisingly, the performance of MLR are comparable to more advanced SVR models. Stochastic dominance tests on price performance concludes that experienced bidders perform better than their inexperienced counterparts and companies place more competitive bids in lowest price tenders compared to economically most advantageous tenders (EMAT) indicating that EMAT tenders are regarded as unstructured. However, no significance is found for larger actors performing better in bidding than smaller companies.Offentliga upphandlingar utgör en signifikant del av Sveriges BNP. Trots detta är det en förbisedd sektor som karakteriseras av låg digitalisering och ineffektiv konkurrens där bud läggs baserat på intuition snarare än matematiska modeller. Denna avhandling ämnar skapa ett strukturerat tillvägagångssätt för budgivning inom städsektorn genom att bestämma faktorer som påverkar deltagande och prissättning. Vidare undersöker vi prisprediktionsmodeller genom att jämföra multipel linjära regressionsmodeller med en maskininlärningsmetod benämnd support vector regression. I enlighet med tidigare forskning i byggindustrin finner vi att flera faktorer som typ av kontrakt, projekttid och kontraktsplats har en statistisk signifikant påverkan på deltagande i kontrakt i städindustrin. En anmärkningsvärd skillnad är att kontraktsvärdet inte påverkar prissättning som tidigare forskning visat i andra områden. För prisprediktionen är det överraskande att den enklare linjära regressionsmodellen presterar jämlikt till den mer avancerade maskininlärningsmodellen. Stokastisk dominanstest visar att erfarna företag har en bättre precision i sin budgivning än mindre erfarna företag. Därtill lägger företag överlag mer konkurrenskraftiga bud i kontrakt där kvalitetsaspekter tas i beaktning utöver priset. Vilket kan indikera att budgivare upplever dessa kontrakt som mindre strukturerade. Däremot finner vi ingen signifikant skillnad mellan större och mindre företag i denna bemärkning.
2
Charouli, Angeliki. "Les considérations sociales et environnementales dans la passation des marchés publics." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010259.
Анотація:
Moteur incontournable de l'économie publique, les marchés publics ont toujours fait l'objet de revendications diverses, voire opposées. L'efficacité de la gestion budgétaire et la transparence de la vie publique, s'agissant des ordres juridiques nationaux, la libre concurrence et le libre accès de tous les opérateurs économiques facilitant les échanges intracommunautaires, s'agissant du droit européen: tous ont tenté de monopoliser le droit de la commande publique, afin de se réaliser. Dans le même temps, la perspective de l'instrumentalisation de ce droit au service d'objectifs politiques qui ne lui sont pas directement attribués a suscité des intérêts très variés. Or, la question de la conciliation des politiques sociales et environnementales avec les prescriptions de nature principalement économique du droit des marchés publics s'inscrit dans une logique de valorisation de cet instrument juridique et financier. Ces politiques, répondant à la fois à des finalités d'intérêt général et à des objectifs prioritaires du droit communautaire, sont à la recherche de leur rôle et de leurs instruments en matière de marchés publics. Dans un contexte politique mouvant, la superposition des systèmes juridiques résultant des interventions réglementaires des États, en quête de leur pouvoir discrétionnaire dans la planification des leurs politiques, comme des interventions du droit communautaire dans le cadre de sa propre œuvre d'harmonisation des procédures de passation, vient redéfinir le rôle des politiques sociales et environnementales, tant au sein des objectifs endogènes du droit des marchés publics qu'en dehors de son cadre réglementaire, appelé dans ce cas à servir de levier.
3
Charouli, Angeliki. "Les considérations sociales et environnementales dans la passation des marchés publics." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010257.
Анотація:
Moteur incontournable de l’économie publique, les marchés publics ont toujours fait l’objet de revendications diverses, voire opposées. L’efficacité de la gestion budgétaire et la transparence de la vie publique, s’agissant des ordres juridiques nationaux, la libre concurrence et le libre accès de tous les opérateurs économiques facilitant les échanges intracommunautaires, s’agissant du droit européen : tous ont tenté de monopoliser le droit de la commande publique, afin de se réaliser. Dans le même temps, la perspective de l’instrumentalisation de ce droit au service d’objectifs politiques qui ne lui sont pas directement attribués a suscité des intérêts très variés. Or, la question de la conciliation des politiques sociales et environnementales avec les prescriptions de nature principalement économique du droit des marchés publics s’inscrit dans une logique de valorisation de cet instrument juridique et financier. Ces politiques, répondant à la fois à des finalités d’intérêt général et à des objectifs prioritaires du droit communautaire, sont à la recherche de leur rôle et de leurs instruments en matière de marchés publics. Dans un contexte politique mouvant, la superposition des systèmes juridiques résultant des interventions réglementaires des États, en quête de leur pouvoir discrétionnaire dans la planification des leurs politiques, comme des interventions du droit communautaire dans le cadre de sa propre œuvre d’harmonisation des procédures de passation, vient redéfinir le rôle des politiques sociales et environnementales, tant au sein des objectifs endogènes du droit des marchés publics qu’en dehors de son cadre réglementaire, appelé dans ce cas à servir de levierAs a fundamental driving force of public economy, public procurement has traditionally been an area of diverse and often competing interests. Such contradictory interests are the efficiency of budgetary management and transparency in public life within national legal systems, free competition and open access of financial stakeholders in award procedures within the European regulatory framework. At the same time, the instrumentalisation of public procurement in order to serve political goals not directly linked to it has triggered considerable debate. The attempt of conciliation of social and environmental considerations with the financial requirements of public procurement law aims at enhancing this legal and financial instrument. The role and the legal means for the integration of social and environmental considerations in public procurement, which serve general interest purposes and overriding European law objectives, have not yet been clarified. The regulatory interventions of the Member States, on the one hand, and the harmonization attempts of the European Union, on the other, create a constantly changing political climate. In that context, the role of social and environmental policies is redefined both within the framework of primary objectives of public procurement law, as well as outside this regulatory framework which is used as a policy tool in this context
4
Ku, Bi-Hung, and 古碧鴻. "Cases Study for economically most advantageous tender evaluation." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36404545388697625006.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
93
Prior to conducting procurement on the basis of awarding to the most advantageous tender, an entity shall justify that the subject matter of procurement concerns heterogeneous constructions works, properties or services, and thus it is inappropriate to award contract to the lowest tender. Due to the looseness of laws and policies concerning government procurement, there are more entities have been preferred to adopt Economically Most Advantageous Tender (EMAT) corresponded with design-build (DB) as contracting strategies since the Government Procurement Law (GPL) went into effect in 1999. The number of cases and the amount of procurement value for government procurement projects adopted the EMAT has increased annually. However, the fairness and reasonableness of evaluation process in EMAT setting are uninterruptedly doubted. Related regulations have been steadily corrected for several times recently. It is expected that the EMAT evaluation would be deserved further research attentions. This research collects twenty public construction projects adopted the EMAT procedure and thus generalizes the common problems from these projects. The problems arose from the inexact policies, defective evaluation process, and misunderstood laws are analyzed and discussed as follows. First, the supplier who offers the most advantageous tender that satisfies the requirements of the tender documentation may become a candidate of negotiation and evaluation or selected as the winning supplier. Second, it is suggested that each committee member is required to give all suppliers the same score weights to reduce the discrepancy of the influences from these members. Third, overall evaluated score method corresponded with ranking method is better evaluated procedure. Fourth, it is feasible that examines the differences between the overall evaluated score method and overall evaluated score with ranking method. If there is a difference for the first-three rank, the chairperson shall present it to the committee for resolution or there shall be a re-evaluation according to the decision of the committee. Fifth, supplier presentation and on-site questioning and answering are not negotiation processes. If they are required to promise some extra services or presume to correct their tender documentation, it will be regarded as the differential treatment without due cause.
5
Chou, Chun-Ho, and 周君和. "A Decision Support System for Preparing Economically Most Advantageous Tender Bid Proposal." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78307469061330009604.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
建築系
92
Economically Most Advantageous Tender (EMAT) has become more and more popular in the world nowadays. Bidders must modify bidding strategies for traditional lowest tender to increase the probability of winning project. This study adopted Porter’s differentiation strategy as a basis for systematically analyzing EMAT bidding strategy. A decision support system from Genetic Algorithm (GA) was proposed to simultaneously consider the characteristic of committee, long-term performance of bidders, and the costs, scores and threshold of differentiation strategies. This model could be useful in helping bidders for EMAT bidding preparation and decision of strategies. The result showed that the competitive strategies for EMAT bidding of construction project should include the identification of real buyer (committee), giving consideration to all evaluate criteria, control cost of strategies, and paying more attention to enterprise’s long-term performance.
6
Yeh, Jea-Jin, and 葉佳錦. "Study on improving efficiency of EMAT (Economically Most Advantageous Tender)-Example of engineering purchasing." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98628210382571639622.
Анотація:
碩士國立中央大學
營建管理研究所
92
This study is on improving the government purchasing of EMAT (economically most advantageous tender). The whole in the study, except a lot of things can not be postponed, reduce manpower, the more important thing is that reduces purchase risk that manpower increasing and dispute happening. The purpose is hoping the EMAT without doing again. It can be avoided the waste of above-mentioned meaningless situations by analysing and arranged positively in detail. First, definiens the purchasing of efficiency: (1) Time, (2) manpower, (3) risk, etc. three faces and analyse this procedure by reviewing the paper. Second, interview the purchase the unit. Third, feedback it to the procedure and improve its practicability. Propose finally that a set of procedure in handling purchases. Lessening organ manpower, reducing risk of dispute could be taken place or manpower might be increasen, and time wasting, etc. Then, it lets handling more smooth the work of purchasing really.
7
Kong, Derick Teh-Lung, and 康德龍. "The Award Mechanism of The Economical Most Advantageous Tender." Thesis, 2005. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/zmm9df.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
土木與防災研究所
93
The use of the Most Economical Advantageous Tenders on government procurement is to eliminate the Abnormally Low Tenders which was used in the past on public contractors. According to the Ministry of Audit, Jan. 2005, there were over 870 cases used under the benefit of the Most Economical Advantageous Tenders within the year of 2001 and 2003. Because of this, the total tenders cost has gone over 80 billion NT Dollars, and it is still escalating, 140% in 2003. On the contrary, the Award Mechanism on the Most Economical Advantageous Tenders gradually shows its disadvantage. This study was based on Multivariate Statistical Analysis by using Multi-Dimensional Scaling Analysis method. It is to calculate a better way to construct the Most Economical Advantageous Tenders and select the most qualified contractors during the process of government procurement. As the study found, after the real analysis, the method the researcher used was the most ideal method for the Most Economical Advantageous Tender during government procurement at this point. It could be standardized as a method to be used in the future for our government, in gaining the satisfaction in contracting the best contractors during the process.
8
Lin, ChunWei, and 林群為. "On Economically Most Advantageous Tenders for Build to Detailed Design Projects." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69110640651204687197.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
91
Economically most advantageous tender (EMAT) is a means that proposed by international community to prevent adverse effects caused by abnormal low tenders (ALTs) from the root. To comply with the requirement of the Government Procurement Agreement in accessing the World Trade Organization, the Government Procurement Law (GPL) of Taiwan was passed by the Legislative Yuan and went into effect on May 27, 1999. In addition to the traditional low bidding procurement process, the EMAT clauses were included in current GPL of Taiwan. A comprehensive literature survey is performed in this research to identify the problems relating to the EMAT practices after GPL of Taiwan went into effect. Types of construction projects suitable for EMATs are examined. Procurement document preparation is addressed. Evaluation criteria including qualification of tenders, as well as, quality, safety, duration, environmental protection issues and prices for build to detailed design projects are carefully studied in this research. Mechanisms to promote innovations and malpractice prevention are also proposed.
9
Blahová, Alexandra. "Analysis of the effect of lowest price criterion in the selection process of public procurement." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-350160.
Анотація:
Public procurement in the Czech Republic is a complex process directly settled by the legal procurement framework which defines various contract-awarding procedures. This study focuses on the part of selection process when procurers can decide between using lowest price criterion or most economically advantageous tender (MEAT). We found an evidence of preference of lowest price criterion, especially in the recent years. The main goal of the study is therefore to provide a comprehensive analysis of the leading drivers of selection of specific criteria and their consequential effects. Taking into account various characteristics of public procurement processes, we found out that in general lowest price criterion is preferred by public contracting authorities and by procurers with larger number of employees. This type of selection process also consequently provides an interesting trade-off between higher competition in terms of number of bidders, higher stability in terms of less interventions by the Office for the Protection of Competition (OPC) but also higher probability of consequent extraworks.
10
Sahánková, Barbora. "Hodnocení veřejných zakázek dle ekonomické výhodnosti." Master's thesis, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-416151.
Анотація:
Abtract The main aim of this diploma thesis is to analyze the evaluation of tenders in public procurement according to their economic advantageousness and at the same time to compare the current stage of the ability of contracting authorities to evaluate this economic advantageousness compared to the stage of effect of the previous legal regulation. The background information for the topic of this diploma thesis were obtained from the legal regulation of the Czech Republic and the European Union, professional literature (legal commentaries), professional articles of periodical publications dealing with public procurement, internet sources and the case law of the Office for the Protection of Competition, administrative courts of the Czech Republic and the Court of Justice of the European Union. The analytical approach, linguistic, teleological and comparative method of legal interpretation were used. This diploma thesis consists of six main chapters. The introductory chapter discusses the purpose and aim of the legal regulation of public procurement and in the following chapter the part of the tender procedure and the basic principles of public procurement, crucial for the whole process of public procurement. The third chapter is devoted to the core of this thesis, namely the economic advantage in the...
11
Su, Shin-Ming, and 蘇薪名. "Most Advantageous Tender Information Service Outsourcing Process using AHP." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/55705070788225672853.
Анотація:
碩士中原大學
資訊管理研究所
100
Information out sourcing service is one of the most important ways to get the information support under this fast changing. By using information service out sourcing; the government of Taiwan can now not only can offer professional and high quality information service to users, but also can provide it in the lowest cost. In order to promote the quality the out sourcing service, government needs to prevent unqualified bitters from getting the project by unreasonable low price in the process of biting. Even though, until now, government has got some quite good results. However, the judgments have different standard, so it is hard to evaluate the best supplier for government. In an attempt to get the best answer, the research use Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze the best out sourcing service provider from the biting process. In the process, we proposed that exchange information with expert and establish the evaluation index by program will be the best way.
12
WANG, CHENG-JIE, and 王承傑. "Applying AHP to BIM Selection in the Most Advantageous Tender." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/j52p4r.
Анотація:
碩士國立虎尾科技大學
工業管理系工業工程與管理碩士在職專班
107
Building Information Modeling (BIM) is a digital technology tool actively promoted by architecture, engineering, government, and public constructions recently. The objective of this study is to apply the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to the BIM selection in the most favorable advantageous tender. Expert questionnaire survey and habitual domain (HD) are used in this study. First, the evaluation criteria to be included in the BIM selection of the most favorable advantageous tender are determined through literature reviews. Then, these criteria are examined by expert interviews and habitual domain methods. The result of this study shows that the top five most important criteria are "professional technical competence" (0.467), "performance record" (0.457), "education training and after-sales service" (0.426), "work interface handling" (0.425), and "the correctness of the total price and its composition" (0.397).
13
Chen, Min-Yu, and 陳敏裕. "Discussion with the minimum standards applicable to the most advantageous tender." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82075171283774602282.
Анотація:
碩士義守大學
管理碩博士班
102
Authority for procurement, should be used in an efficient low-cost products for the awarding of the object, the largest organ of interest and to comply with social expectations; but often fail to take into account the practice in the efficient use and low price can not be simultaneously satisfied the conditions for the award, which derived Prices should sacrifice selection of efficient use of products, or rounded part of the utility''s low purchase price of the product selection. Standardize the manner of awarding government procurement law, according to their bid spiritual induction, no more than in the "minimum standard" and two kinds of "standard most favorable" minimum standards for the election business model is that the "minimum price" mechanism to take advantage of price competition, so that authorities can obtain the necessary products at the lowest price, and then only by engaging in price competition, firms prone to poor motivation to reduce the cost of goods, can not improve on the features, benefits or features; most advantageous tender for the contractor selection mode that "merit", the use of diverse conditions of the award, to encourage manufacturers to take the initiative to provide professional, creative vision and planning, through the choice that best meets the needs of agencies and vendors to perform the contract, so the authority granted to the more protection products, but are subject must have "heterogeneous" (Government Procurement Law 52), organ failure to examine the reasonableness of the price or level of understanding is not enough for the market, or selling some visits Deviation, easy excess profits to the winning tenderer, was To waste questioned. To enable the agency procurement staff to determine the applicable conditions of the preceding two standard ways to have a better understanding of, and thus effectively solve procurement practices hinder the search through the entire study and recommendations related literature, interpretation of existing regulations, and other information letter, provided each agencies, public schools and public institutions with reference to the use of a subsequent purchase (Government Procurement Law Article 3).
14
徐孝利. "Research on the mechanism of the most advantageous tender for government procurement." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57430802847952099526.
Анотація:
碩士國立政治大學
行政管理碩士學程
96
The“most advantageous tender”is a type of bidding mechanism developed after considering the pragmatic practices implemented by some of the most advanced countries in the world economy. It is one of the specialties in the procurement act of our government. However, the mechanism has frequently been abused by some of the unscrupulous government employees. The negative impact of such fraudulent abuse has prompted the government to change its policy of promoting the most advantageous tender. The government’s new policy is to sign contracts with those who offer the lowest, but not necessarily the most appropriate, tender. Regulations still permit the use of the most advantageous tender, but only when implemented under the closest scrutiny. The author of this research paper has for decades been involved in government procurement missions as a member of the procurement evaluation committee. He has studied and is familiar with many relevant theses on bidding systems. He has analyzed numerous cases of appeal, the evolution of pertinent decrees and defective purchasing cases. Additionally, the author has examined the advantages and disadvantages of the most advantageous tender by observing pragmatic practices and conducting in-depth interviews with officials associated with procurement missions. This research paper proposes a series of appropriate procedures and implementation forms necessary to insure that most advantageous tender can be used successfully for government procurement duty. The author also respectfully submits suggestions to government officials to help establish a new set of procurement regulations and procedures. In so doing, the author hopes to increase the efficiency of the government’s procurement work and improve the quality of all items thus purchased.
15
LIU, CHING-AN, and 劉清安. "A Study on Most Advantageous Tender Criterion of Taiwan Government Procurement Act." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46515312169629964997.
Анотація:
碩士逢甲大學
公共政策研究所
104
Under Taiwan Government Procurement Act, there are two criterions for deciding award of a contract: the lowest price tender and the most advantageous tender. Each criterion serves its own purpose; it is not each has its pros and cons. Recently, there were many disputes on construction delays resulting from constructions with the most advantageous tender criterion, like Kinmen Bridge, Taoyuan International Airport MRT, and Phase II development of Nankang Software Park. That disturbs the Nations expected progress and quality of construction. Therefore, many people were questioning why the most advantageous tender was not used in the first place. The most advantageous tender has been deemed as the panacea for a warrant of quality for major constructions. However, since implementation of Government Procurement Act in 1998 , there were quite a few abuse cases using the most advantageous tender. During March 2006 , Mr.Su Tseng-chang, Premier of the Executive Yuan at the time, even instructed in Cabinet meeting that "using the lowest price tender as a general rule; using the most advantageous tender as an exception". That indicates the most advantageous tender has its blind spot. Nevertheless, successive Ministers of Public Construction Commission had been urging the most advantageous tender to insure quality of construction; why up to now the results are not convincing? If we look at previous law amendments about the most advantageous tender, most of them were about regulation in technical level, such as scoring methods etc. The core problems have not been solved, so abuse cases have kept happening. The key factor in success of the most advantageous tender is in procurement evaluation committee, so it is worth studying topics of evaluation system of the most advantageous tender. The researcher has been engaged in judicial investigation for long term. He tries to study on possible causes of abuses in real-life operation of procurement evaluation system and propose suggestions for improvement, from a law enforcers abuse-preventing point of view. This article provides generalized studies on data from 8 trial verdicts from the courts involving abuses and the researchers own work. It summarizes common problems for the most advantageous tender tending to involve abuses; mainly, leakage of member roster of procurement evaluation committee, possible buy-off of committee members, etc. Moreover, these common problems are further analyzed comprehensively and following are conclusions and suggestions. 1. Make public in advance the member roster of procurement evaluation committee. 2. After award of contract, make public the evaluation opinions and scoring from Committee members during evaluation process in shuffled, anonymous order. 3. Enhance professionals’ will as external committee members. 4. Establish a sole responsible contracting unit (for procurement above certain value).
16
Cheng, Chuan-Cheng, and 鄭全成. "Recommendations on the Improvements of the Scoring Method for the Most Advantageous Tender." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/18915003409529665056.
Анотація:
碩士國立宜蘭大學
土木工程學系碩士班
94
Using the Most Advantageous Tender (MAT) for government procurement projects has become popular in recent years. However, the problem of fairness and justice of MAT have been criticized because the results might be significantly altered by a single committee member with prejudice. At present, the most popular evaluation methods for MAT are the Overall Evaluated Score Method, Price Per Score Point Method, Ranking Method, and other approaches approved by the authorities. Unfortunately, none of the methods are capable of resolving the problems of MAT. Therefore, this study aims to improve the current evaluation method by locating the defects of the MAT by adopting the Arrow's Impossibility Theorem and the voting rule of the Public Choice. A new score model namely Optimum Overall Evaluated Score Method which corrects the flaws of MAT is also proposed. In the method, the raw scores of all committee members are unified into a unification base line such that the extreme scores are corrected logically. Through this way, the results can reflect every committee member’s preference fairly. Furthermore, in order to guarantee no remained extreme score exists, the final scores are then corrected by the Geometric Average Method. As a result, the committee members can give the scores based on the Overall Evaluated Score Method, and the individual impacts on final result is avoided. The result of practical and simulated case shows that the proposed model is capable to obtain the equivalent ranking as fine as the other scoring systems in normal situations. In addition, if certain extreme scores emerge, the improved method can also effectively resolve the situation. By testing all the scoring methods with Arrow's impossibility theorem, it appears that the proposed scoring model is more precise and logical than the others.
17
Chen, Hung-Tai, and 陳鴻泰. "The Application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to Governmental Evaluation of Most Advantageous Tender." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/90184916121944690447.
Анотація:
碩士淡江大學
管理科學研究所企業經營碩士在職專班
97
The ultimate objective of Government procurement is to meet the requirements and interests between agencies and corporates. So corporates have therefore learned that the best interests to the agencies should be award the bid to the most proper corporate by the most effective way, and the lowest or the most reasonable price. For improving the errors from the past , the government procurement law adopts the award of bid by " The Most Advantageous Tender "way which allows the demand department to set other selection criterias to meet their specific requirements in addition to the price. And it is expected that selecting the most suitable contractor after considering all aspects with the ability of contract implementation. As the changing environment and increasing demands of civil, government is under tremendous pressure of persuiting of outstanding performance. With the constraints of government budget and based on the consideration of public benefit, the key factor of successful government procurement is fair and reasonable vendor selection process. For achieving the successful government procurement programs, the first priority is to establish selection criterias and calculate the weight of performance scores during the vendor selection process. This study summarized some problems arising from the selection processes and offered suggestions through interview with experts, questionaire survey, and the experience for participating selection conference. Also using Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) to conduct selection criterias and the weight of performance scores to provide reference for selection committee and government agencies.
18
Hui-Ling, Chen, and 陳慧玲. "Using TOPSIS Evaluation Method on Selecting the Most Advantageous Tender in School Procurement Cases." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82122009793753076182.
Анотація:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
土木工程與防災科技研究所
95
When institutions conduct evaluation work for most advantageous tenders, they need to form procurement evaluation committees according to the government’s organization principles of procurement evaluation committees, and clearly state that the institutions should establish work teams at the same time the procurement evaluation committees are formed, to assist in work related to evaluations. They form the initial review opinions about the evaluated vendors, which along with the vendor information are given to the procurement evaluation committees for consideration, and the items required for initial review are also listed. How work team members can remain comprehensive and objective in their considerations among various procurement evaluation standards according to the service proposals and before the initial opinions are made, is an issue that deserves deep thought. This study uses the graduation camping trip of one Junior High School in Kaohsiung as an example of a procurement evaluation for a most advantageous tender, and uses TOPSIS evaluation methods in multicriteria decision making, matched with the entropy method with objective weights, in order to make assessments on the optimal vendor for different needs in terms of vendor experience and service content (four evaluation standards), executive ability (four evaluation standards), accommodations (two evaluation standards), and composite evaluation (ten evaluation standards). Finally, the evaluation standards related to “service quality” are compiled, which undergo the entropy method of subjective weight and subjective weight arrangements in order to find the best vendor under the “service quality” evaluation standard. Using TOPSIS evaluation method in finding the most advantageous tender in procurement cases has had good results overall. Introducing this evaluation method before the initial opinions are given by the work team allows the institution to consider various different needs in order to objectively find the best vendors for consideration of the committee members. It is hoped that this study model can serve as a reference for procurement personnel in junior high schools all over Taiwan, so that under limited academic resources, the school can deal with the maximum needs to find the best vendors. It is also hoped that this can serve as a reference for conducting procurement of most advantageous tender cases according to the government procurement laws, so that the schools can have the greatest marginal benefits that are then transferred to the students.
19
Tsai, Jung-Chi, and 蔡宗錡. "Discussion on The Most Advantageous Tender Selection Based on the Decision Behavior of Speculators." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/64mm46.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
土木工程系土木與防災碩士班
105
According to the Public Construction Commission’s (PCC) investigation on 2002, the results showed that although there were about 70% percent of the manufacturers believe the procurement corruption of each agency has been improved after the Government Procurement Law been implement, there were almost 45% of the manufacturers have encountered agencies’ corruption, which shows the impartial doubt of the system. However, if it can not reduce public suspicion and prevent the occurrence of the scandal, it will lose the original intention of the Government Procurement Law to improve the fairness, impartiality, openness, efficiency, and quality of government procurement system to establish a clean government procurement environment. Therefore, if we can stop the source of malpractice and establish a fraud system, the manufacturers would have to pay a great price to take speculation. In this study, we will use program simulation to find out how the behavioral strategies of participating firms when they participate in speculative activities to provide suggestions for subsequent improvement. Furthermore, Monte Carlos concept is used to simulate the selection of all kinds of ordinals, and the relevant parameters are inputted into the program to simulate the deciding process continuously. By analyzing the number of affected members, the speculative behavior of speculative bidders will be established as a reference for the Government to amend the most favorable standard for public works. Subsequent studies will simulate scenarios and model contextual models on the basis of context-one. Depending on analysis of bidding probability table, if the selection is fair, the peak of bidding probability of second manufacture is between 4 to 5 people, when there is an obvious difference between the first and the second one. This study suggests that government choose 6 more judges, and if governments wants to avoid from speculation, they should choose 9 or more judges to decrease speculative benefits.
20
Tang, Chih-Ping, and 唐治平. "A study of application of the Most Advantageous Tender for the procurement of Military Works." Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/37180433030981302281.
Анотація:
碩士國防大學中正理工學院
軍事工程研究所
89
In this research, there are three topics: (1) Investigating the contents and the process of procurement by using the Most Advantageous Tender for the military works according to the Government Procurement Laws (GPL). (2) Using the method of multiple-criteria decision, especially the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), to determine the weight of atttibutes and the choice of the Most Advantageous Tender. (3) A case study to proof that it works. The results of this study can provide our military engineering staffs, either working in the design or in the procurement department, with an standard operation procedure for executing the Most Advantageous Tender. It also promotes the efficiency and effectiveness for the procurement of the military works.
21
Ou, Zheng-Yan, and 歐政諺. "A Study on Development of Price Mechanism for Most Advantageous Tender in Construction Turnkey Project." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nh3792.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
土木與防災研究所
102
The Most Advantageous Tender is an ideal bidding process which currently consists of four major models: total score, average unit price, ranking, or any method pre-approved by the appropriate agency. Although it is widely used with many real world cases, the evaluation process still has many issues such as inability to distinguish and ban any self-serving personnel, whether the budget represents current market costs, or how to decrease construction cost while increasing the quality of work. This study has examined both Lowest Tender and Most Advantageous Tender during the past 12 years, and have found that the ratio of winning bid to the actual budget is 81 to 100 for Lowest Tender method and 98 to 100 for Most Advantageous Tender method. These two methods have very different real world results, therefore this study will devise a new process to improve the Most Advantageous Tender. By separating the process into “cost” and “non-cost” categories, committee members can score non-price related items directly and score price related items with a predetermined formula or method. This will increase the weight of Price Mechanism in the evaluation process, thus in accord with the spirit of the Most Advantageous Tender at the same time increasing its efficiency by combining the advantages of Lowest Tender method. In order to affirm the feasibility of practical application of this new evaluation process, two construction procurement cases will be simulated. This will provide the agency with strategic decision making reference to the new Most Advantageous Tender process, and increase its efficiency while increasing the quality of the work.
22
LO, TIEN-YUN, and 羅天昀. "A Study on The Most Advantageous Tender Selection Based on the Decision Behavior of Speculators." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/8473c3.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
土木工程系土木與防災碩士班
107
According to the 2017 government procurement implementation report of the Public Construction Commission, the number of The Most Advantage Tender for the year was 48980, accounting for 26.18% of the award. Government passed the “Draft Revision of Government Procurement Act” in 2017. It’s mean relaxing The Most Advantage Tender for the application of the target. The Most Advantage Tender is not the price as the sole consideration, government has more flexibility to choose the winning bidder, but also increases the possibility of artificial manipulation, caused many scams and injury government’s credit. According the judgment of the courts, The Government Procurement Act has reached 6620 violations since The Government Procurement Act implement, and The Most Advantage Tender cases are 571. Due to the huge amount of purchases and the flexibility of the procurement authorities, there are bound to be many bidders who want to divide these procurement interests. Among them, there are many bidders who have speculative behaviors, causing the fraud of procurement. According to the game theory , when there are bidders who want to take speculation Other participating vendors should have their coping strategies when acting. In this study, Monte Carlo is used to simulate the selection of the ordinal ranking, and compile program is input into the relevant parameters to continue the simulation of the awarding process according to the loop, simulating the different participating bidders when there are multiple bidders taking speculation. The number will have an impact on the results of the selection. According to the simulation results, if the speculative behavior is adopted by the bidder, there will be different speculative benefits in the number of different participating bidders, and there will be significant speculative benefits when the five bidders participate, and the speculative benefit will be the largest when the eight bidders participate; When there are less than five, the speculative effect is the smallest when the attendance is 3, and when the number of participating bidders is more than five, the cost of speculation is the highest when the attendance is 17 people.
23
LI, HAN-LIANG, and 李瀚良. "Discussion on the Most Advantageous Tender of Government Procurement Law-Centering on the Selection Stage." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bjg8sm.
Анотація:
碩士國防大學
法律學系
107
Government agencies handle procurement, but they want to maximize the benefits, and award the best quality manufacturers in the most effective way and at the most reasonable price. This is also the purpose of government procurement law. There are two kinds of criteria for the determination of the government procurement law, namely, the lowest standard and the most favorable standard. Although the minimum standard can save public funds, there are often manufacturers who rush to bid at low prices, and the subsequent delivery delay is not as expected, or the quality of the project. Low-level and other situations; while the most favorable criteria can choose high-quality manufacturers, but the selection system often has many controversies and drawbacks. The most favorable criteria, whether applicable, applicable, or the most favorable spirit, should be established by the procurement selection committee ( Or the review team) to conduct the selection process. This article is about the most favorable criteria for the most controversial selection stage, trying to criticize the various shortcomings of the current system, analyzing the causes one by one, exploring the omissions of the current selection system, and seeking solutions. By observing the current situation of the procurement selection system of each agency, this study will find out the problems of its existence and provide effective countermeasures for the reference of relevant decisions of various agencies and higher authorities and the competent authorities, and develop supporting measures to reduce the obstacles in the selection process to reduce The negative work pressure of the procurement staff and the selection committee will enhance the smoothness of the selection process and play its due function. Furthermore, it is hoped that by comparing and comparing the opinions of the competent authorities and the administrative courts on the most favorable procurement disputes, and classifying various cases, the author summarizes the views of the competent authorities and judicial practice on the most favorable criteria for the disputed cases. And put forward the review of this study to provide reference for the procurement personnel to handle disputes, and hope to clarify and integrate the gap between the most favorable legal order theory and practice, to propose suggestions for the revision, and strengthen the selection and selection process of the selection committee. The measures made suggestions. This thesis focuses on the most favorable issue of government procurement law, and mainly discusses the nature of the resolutions from the government procurement public and private legal theory and practical insights in the selection process. Secondly, it examines the current government procurement of the procurement selection committee and the responsibility of the procurement selection committee and the avoidance of interests. The government procurement law seems to be lacking in the legal system of procurement selection and the power and responsibility are not consistent, as well as the procurement authority and selection. The committee’s responsibilities are unclear. Finally, regarding the relief procedures for procurement selection, in addition to the possible impact of the current objection and appeal system on the interests of manufacturers seeking relief procedures, and the discussion of the interpretation of the meeting of the Chief Justice of the Court, whether there is any impact on the existing government procurement law relief, this article The place to be discussed.
24
Wei, Chi-Ling, and éåç². "An Evaluation on the Effect of Most Advantageous Tender on the Tendering and Awarding Process of Construction." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/72320003550740367487.
25
Chen, Shin-Tan, and 陳信譚. "A Study on the Evaluation Criteria and weight scale of the Most Advantageous Tender for Outschool Education Procurement." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68311205245233704848.
Анотація:
碩士國立暨南國際大學
教育政策與行政學系
95
This study is aimed at exploring influence factors and decree norms and analyzing the regulations and research of outschool education procurement, and the Most Advantageous Tender to establish a more efficient evaluation criteria for outschool education procurement. The first method applied in this study is an in-depth literature analysis to understand outschool education concepts, Ministry of Education regulations, education administators’ norms, other schools’ evaluation criteria, and other related studies in order to establish a foundation for a new evaluation criteria. Next, Modified Delphi Method questionnaires were given to 18 Outschool Education Procurement experts asking them to identify the most important and efficient methods of an evaluation criteria. Finally, an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to establish a weight scale for each criterion. The result of this research found that an efficient evaluation criteria for the Most Advantageous Tender for Outschool Education Procurement includes the following six main decisive factors: activities scheduling, accommodations and dining quality, safety management, procurement benefits, reasonable pricing, and company proposals. Eleven sub-factors are also included for a more proficient evaluation. Of these factors, the two most important ones are transportation safety management and the relevancy and organization of the activities scheduling. Based on this study’s results, further conclusions can be recommended to education admistrators, public schools, travel and tour companies, and for future research in this area.
26
Chang, Kai-Li, and 張凱莉. "A Study on the Evaluation Criteria and Weight of the Most Advantageous Tender for Hospital Ambulance Service Outsourcing." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/78427618313662191991.
Анотація:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
工業工程與管理研究所碩士班
99
This study is aimed at exploring influence factors and decree norms and analyzing the regulations and research of hospital ambulance service outsourcing procurement, and the Most Advantageous Tender to establish a more efficient evaluation criterion for hospital ambulance service outsourcing procurement . The first method applied in this study is an in-depth literature analysis to understand ambulance service concepts, Ministry of Health regulations, Health administrators’ norms, other hospitals’ evaluation criteria, and other related studies in order to establish a foundation for a new evaluation criterion. Next, Modified Delphi Method questionnaires were given to 21 Hospital Ambulance Service Outsourcing Procurement experts asking them to identify the most important and efficient methods of an evaluation criterion. Finally, an Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was used to establish a weight scale for each criterion. The result of this research found that an efficient evaluation criterion for the Most Advantageous Tender for Hospital Ambulance Service Outsourcing Procurement includes the following five main decisive factors: Service Qualifications , Ambulance resources, Management capacity, procurement benefits and company progress reports. Thirteen sub-factors are also included for a more proficient evaluation. Among all factors, the two most important ones are Ambulance resources and Management capacity. Based on this study’s results, further conclusions can be recommended to health administrators, public hospitals, ambulance companies, and for future research in this area.
27
CHEN, CHAO-CHIUNG, and 陳照烱. "A Study of the Most Advantageous Tender and the Price Tender：Case Study of Procurement Conducted in Military Entities." Thesis, 2002. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gec8qy.
Анотація:
碩士國防管理學院
後勤管理研究所
90
ABSTRACT The Government Procurement Law provides procurement entities two different choices of procedure to choose tenders, the most advantageous tender and the price tender. Procurement entities can make their own choice depending on the characteristics of an individual procurement. Usually, the most advantageous tender can promote the quality of contract performance. But it is more complex than the price tender. The most advantageous tender takes more time in planning than the price tender. This research paper discussed the connection of efficiency and quality of procurement between the most advantageous tender and the price tender. This research paper focused on the procurement cases which have been done by the Procurement Bureau, Ministry of National Defense Republic of China. By interviewing the expertise and studying these cases which executed after the Government Procurement Law went into effect. This research paper discussed efficiency and quality in planning, contract performance, and total processes. With Accounting and Statistics, provided some advises to the Procurement Bureau. With case study, I found the facts which effected efficiency and quality between the most advantageous tender and the price tender. By using Statistics, I found there were no obvious differences in contracting phase during fiscal year 2000. But in the contract performance phase, it showed obvious differences. I also found there were no differences in total process time between the most advantageous tender and the price tender. And these two different procedures did not delay the whole schedule during fiscal year 2000. Key words: Government Procurement Law(GPL), The Most Advantageous Tender, The Price Tender, Efficiency, Quality
28
Ma, Chien-Ying, and 馬千茵. "A Study on the Information Services Outsourcing Procedures-Using the Regulations for Most Advantageous Tender Applied Mutatis Mutandis." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/z8f2mm.
Анотація:
碩士國立中央大學
資訊管理學系在職專班
105
In recent years, Public Construction Commission Executive Yuan continues to promote and encourage government agencies to adopt the most advantageous tender for contracting out the information services. The Government Procurement Act allows government agencies to select the best suppliers by considering their technology, quality, function, efficiency, characteristic, bid, or commercial terms completeness. This study is based on the most advantageous tender applied mutatis mutandis to investigate the information services outsourcing procedures. By consolidating and clarifying the laws, regulations, practical operations and situations which govern the procedures of information services outsourcing, this study expects to help government agencies and procurement personnel in executing the information services outsourcing procedures. This study found that the operation flow can be grouped to four stages: planning, preparation, invitation to tender, and award of contracts. This study classifies the relevant laws, regulations, model documentation and erroneous behavioral pattern, which are consistently amended by Public Construction Commission, to the above four stages to help procurement personnel be aware of regulations and erroneous behavioral pattern at each stage. In order to control project progresses and avoid uncertainty, this study generalizes the practical operation and draws the flow chart so that the process at every stage and its corresponding output is under control sequentially and inclusively. This study suggests that the most advantageous tender applied mutatis mutandis should follow negotiation mechanism as the most advantageous tender.. Another suggestion is to keep the original way but to disclosure the government estimate in the meantime of price negotiation under single tendering. Then the supplier can estimate and then decide whether to accept the government estimate. In this way huge time and lots of man power from both supplier and government agencies can be saved. Finally, this study suggests to build up the procurement process management system to enhance procurement process control. In addition, this study suggests to use flow charts which can help to control the process in each stage. By following the flow chart, the procurement personnel will be less inclined to missing any important process.
29
Jurčeková, Petra. "Ekonomická výhodnost nabídek - návrh vhodného modelu dílčích kritérií hodnocení veřejných zakázek." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-91493.
30
Yang, Wen-Hung, and 楊文宏. "A Research on Constructing the Fault Checking Scheme and Improving Way for Scoring Method of the Most Advantageous Tender." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/61513356611492378296.
Анотація:
碩士國立宜蘭大學
土木工程學系碩士班
96
Adopting Most Advantageous Tender (MAT) for the government procurement projects has become popular in recent years. As time pass by, the problems of MAT has appears gradually. People condemn two points which are (a) The result might be manipulated by a single committee member’s partiality. (b) How to make a fair decision when the winner has two or more. In public choice, Arrow’s Impossibility Theorem proposed that the best scoring method should meet the four reasonable criteria. Follow the four criteria; this paper constructed a “Fault Checking Scheme” for scoring method and used the scheme to find out the fault of current evaluation method of MAT. This paper also proposed a new scoring method which is called the “Standardizing Overall Evaluated Score Method”. This method has passed nearly all tests of the Fault Checking Scheme. The Standardizing Overall Evaluated Score Method makes each committee member’s influence tend to be identical. The committee members can scoring freely according to their partiality and don’t influence the fairness. Furthermore, using the new method will nearly never have the situation of two or more winners. For examining the Standardizing Overall Evaluated Score Method, this paper used random number to simulate the scoring of committee members. The experiment revealed that the new method improve the problem of dictatorship and nearly never has the situation of two or more winners. It proves that the Standardizing Overall Evaluated Score Method is better than current evaluation method of MAT.
31
Hsu, Chiung-hua, and 許瓊華. "ANALYZING SUPPLIER EVALUATION OPERATIONS WITH MOST ADVANTAGEOUS TENDER UTILIZING ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS － AN EXAMPLE OF PROCURING ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION EQUIPMENT." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4xzdst.
Анотація:
碩士南華大學
管理科學研究所
95
Due to the national environmental change and the constantly increasing requests from public, Taiwanese government is experiencing tremendous pressure of managerial performance. In recent years, decreased national budget and increased governmental deficit reveal the urgent need on governmental procurement efficiency. The fairness and reasonableness of procurement process are thus essential for selecting suppliers. Building up adequate evaluation criteria and constructing robust evaluation process are of importance in the process of the most advantageous tender when selecting the most reliable suppliers. In this study, related literature of supplier selection was reviewed and considerations which experts have proposed on the evaluation process were analyzed. The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) was applied to construct evaluation criteria and to calculate significance for each criterion. In short, the objectives of this research are as follows: (1) to assess the current operation of the most advantageous tender in the governmental procuring operations, (2) to establish collaborative evaluation criteria of the advantageous tender supplier providing environmental protection equipment utilizing AHP, and (3) to construct evaluation processes according to the set of criteria. The findings of this research are as follows: (1) Performance, service, delivery and price, with the significance values of 0.39, 0.23, 0.21 and 0.17, respectively, were four main criteria on the evaluation processes. (2) An operational instruction for the most advantageous tender was developed, which can be used as a reference in the governmental procurement processes.
32
Chen, Yu-Ting, and 陳昱廷. "Discussion on The Most Advantageous Tender Selection Based on the Decision Behavior of Speculators- Take Bid Rigging for example." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5z238h.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺北科技大學
土木工程系土木與防災碩士班
106
At present, in the governments national budget expenditure, except for the payment of personnel expenses, most of the expenditures are procurement activities. Taiwans total budget for 2009 is NT$1,763.72 billion. According to the Ministry of Finance, the government procurement amount is approximately NT$741.3 billion. The countrys total budget is 44.3%. However, government procurement involves huge business opportunities, and its profits are often blamed by unscrupulous manufacturers. Among the drawbacks of government procurement, the crimes caused by the bidding behavior are the most. Therefore, when formulating the government procurement law, China specifically incorporates the behaving behaviors that were originally regulated by the Fair Trade Law into the penalties of the law, and imposes penalties on the scope of the provisions of Article 87 of the law. This study continues the study of Jung-Chi Tsai s research in 2017 to explore the most favorable criteria for speculative bidders decision-making behaviors, to interview the personnel of various agencies to understand the decision-making behavior of the manufacturers bidding, and to analyze the current government procurement laws through program simulation. When the manufacturer participates in the bidding by bidding speculation, how will the situation develop, and analyze the bidding probability table of each bidding strategy situation to provide suggestions for subsequent regulatory improvement. The program uses the concept of Monte Carlo to simulate the selection of various ordinal methods, and enters the relevant parameters into the relevant parameters to continue the simulation of the decision process, and the results of each cycle are simulated separately. Record. By deciding a case under a specific condition to analyze the number of affected members, the speculative behavior of the bidders will be established as a reference for the government to revise the most favorable norms of public works. According to the analysis and simulation of the winning probability table, the more the number of manufacturers with the beacon behavior does not mean the greater the benefits brought to the speculators. The more manufacturers with the speculative behavior, the greater the risk for the speculators. Speculative manufacturers have the greatest benefit when situation A (all bidders are speculators to cooperate with manufacturers). To prevent situation A, the government should increase the report or "fighting" rewards as a warning, so that manufacturers can avoid the government reward strategy. Speculative behavior is reported at risk without speculation.
33
Wang, Ya-Ping, and 王雅萍. "Application of fuzzy multiple attributes decision making for evaluation method of the most advantageous tender of the Government Procurement Act." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57064174870896900226.
Анотація:
碩士義守大學
資訊管理學系碩士班
92
ABSTRACT In this thesis, we utilize fuzzy multiple attributes decision making and TOPSIS method to establish a decision evaluating model for the most advantageous tender of the Government Procurement Act. Fuzzy multiple attributes decision making theory has been used in a lot of fields, for instance, the site selection of Thermal Power Plant, the support system for locating Container Freight Station, the ICP strategic alliance partners selection of ISP in Taiwan, a study of estimating Comprehensive National Power, the performance evaluation of work teams in Information Industry by using Linguistic Group Decision Making, the Decision Support System for Supplier Selection, a study on prioritizing evaluation model for Irrigation Canal System Renovation, a study of e-Learning system evaluation model, the strategic alliance partners selection of the airlines, and so on. The Government Procurement Law (GPL) has been practiced about five years since 1999. The regulations for evaluating the most advantageous tender have also provided clear guidance for the responsible agencies to follow up. However, evaluating criteria and weighting are key factors to dominate the result, so we will discuss the key points on how to choose the criteria of evaluation and how to distribute the weighting in the following. At the moment, our government is building and focusing on the major public construction, such as the rapid transit system and Taiwan high-speed rail project. Even though the government budget is in a shortage now, the budget for the construction of the public Sewerage System is still increasing year by year. That is how important our government thinks of the public sewerage system. The construction of the public sewerage system is recognized as one of the most important indices for national competitiveness. The percentage of the household pipe-connection population of public sewerage system of Taiwan is only 10.87％ until December , 2003. According to “The World Competitiveness Yearbook 2003” of IMD, out of 30 countries populated greater than 20 million, Taiwan was ranked 24 from the criterion of percentage of population served by waste water treatment plants, and was ranked 8 in Asia. In this yearbook, it also shows we are at 52 out of all 59 countries populated less than 20 million and greater than 20 million under the same criterion. In that case, we should improve constructing the public sewerage system much more actively. The Executive Yuan has ratified “Challenge 2008- the key development plan of the country,” the objective of this plan is to increase the percentage of the household pipe-connection population of public sewerage system of Taiwan to 20.3％ in 2007. This thesis takes the example of sewerage treatment plant engineering for turnkey model, builds up the evaluation method of the most advantageous tender of the Government Procurement Act, and provides the model for responsible entities or proprietors. In this research, we discuss the criterion of price, the influence of excluding or including price in evaluation, different results under different ranking methods, overall scoring method and price per score point method. The result of the research shows that, by combining fuzzy theory with multiple attributes decision making and TOPSIS method, we establish an evaluating model for the criteria of different types of quality and quantity. There are three ways for overall scoring method and ranking method of the most advantageous tender: price included in scoring, price excluded in scoring, or a fixed price. The research shows there are few changes for the evaluation results by those three ways stated above under the case that the price difference is not obvious. Keywords：Fuzzy theory, Fuzzy Multiple Attributes Decision Making, TOPSIS, the Government Procurement Act, the Most Advantageous Tender, Sewerage System, Turnkey.
34
Kuo, Huo-Sheng, and 郭火生. "The Study of Postdisaster Reconstruction Supplier Selection for the The Study of Postdisaster Reconstruction Supplier Selection for the most Advantageous Tender." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/49443967630719169739.
Анотація:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
工業工程與管理系
98
In this study, a questionnaire containing the evaluation factors for the most advantageous tender was designed based on the supplier evaluation and selection theory and interviews with experts, before a statistical analysis and the AHP method were employed to perform a factor analysis on the major evaluation indices for the most advantageous tender. The purposes were to find a more objective factor for the evaluation of the most advantageous tender, to help the procuring entity select an adequate evaluation model for the most advantageous tender, and to establish the most suitable procurement method for postdisaster reconstruction projects within the structure of the current Government Procurement Act. Considering that postdisaster reconstruction projects greatly differ from general projects due to their nature such as time urgency, the requirement for enormous engineering resources and efficient utilization of limited resources, this study comprehensively investigated a variety of combinations and supplementary measures concerning open tendering, selective tendering, limited tendering, turnkey projects, the most advantageous tender and project management, and developed initially feasible contracting methods according to the nature and requirements of different types of reconstruction projects. Since a close relationship is essential between a procuring entity and its supplier, a supplier that follows the project schedule in a timely manner, offers satisfactory quality at a reasonable price and is equipped with a passion for service may help the entity achieve remarkable results with little effort. The search for a suitable supplier is part of the procurement process. At present, the general tendering procedures comprise the open tendering procedure or the price negotiation or competition procedure, while the selection of suppliers and award of contracts are based on the lowest tender, the second lowest tender or the most reasonable tender. However, as the environment keeps changing and the procurement objects become more and more complicated, the traditional pricebased contract award principle is no longer adequate. Situations such as abnormally low bids, bid collusion and bid rigging are likely to occur, leading to frequent disputes over contract fulfillment when a procuring entity is executing a contract and causing tremendous trouble. In the meanwhile, the unreasonably low bids submitted by unqualified suppliers in a frantic attempt to win contracts reduce the willingness of some outstanding suppliers to submit their tenders, thereby resulting in reverse elimination where “bad money drives out good.” The indirect consequences were lack of technological improvements and deteriorating procurement quality. The most advantageous tender is therefore the best solution to prevent such problems. In order to meet the desperate and urgent needs of procuring entities for evaluation of the most advantageous tender, it is necessary to develop an evaluation model for the most advantageous tender that features fairness, justice and objectiveness and is based on a theoretical foundation. However, there should be a thorough discussion as to how to determine the evaluation factors for the most advantageous tender because they play a critical role in the accuracy of the evaluation model for the most advantageous tender. Considering the timeefficiency requirement of postdisaster reconstruction projects and future trends of electronic tender submission and opening procedures as a result of advanced Internet communications, it is now an important issue to develop an evaluation model for the most advantageous tender that features fairness, justice and objectiveness and can be integrated into the procurement system, in order to enhance the overall operational efficiency of the procurement process for postdisaster reconstruction. Key word: most advantageous tender、A.H.P、 factor analysis、the lowest tender、the second lowest tender、the most reasonable tender.
35
PENG, KUAN-KAI, and 彭冠凱. "Combining DEMATEL and Order-Winner to Explore the Most Advantageous Tender Items of Government Procurement - A Case Study of Information Services." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/gtd34n.
Анотація:
碩士中華大學
科技管理學系
105
In order to promote national major construction projects, conducting procurements has been the main driving force to process. Before the “Enforcement Rules of the Government Procurement Act” (hereinafter referred to as the Procurement Law) is implemented, the only way to win a tender is to offer the minimum budget according to previous Audit Inspection Regulations. As a result, government not being able to make good use of the budget is under criticism and they came from all different communities and social circles. When the "Procurement Law" was in developing stage, government referred to other modern countries’ practices of tenders and the content of World Trade Organization (WTO) Government Procurement Agreement. To gain the advantage in the fierce competition, we must develop a relatively effective competitive strategy. Therefore, this study aims to explore how the manufacturers in the "Procurement Law" "the most How to obtain the "Information Service Procurement" case in the competitive mode. Therefore, this study aims to explore how the manufacturers in the "Procurement Law" "the most How to obtain the "Information Service Procurement" case in the competitive mode. The study chose some sub items of “Information service purchase contract templates" and "Highest rated information services project and the separation of powers examples", which decreed by the Public Construction Commission, Executive Yuan in 2011, as reference index to survey. The goal is to analyze from 17 out of 20 questionnaires based on the combination of Decision-making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) method and the theory of “order winners and order qualifiers "coined by Terry Hill (1993). Finally, the study combined with DEMATEL and “Model of ordering winners and order qualifiers” theory, build a causal pattern to solve complicated problems, therefore the pattern brings a competition strategy on the Bidding field more effective and correct information.
36
Ma, Yi-Chun, and 馬宜均. "The Study on Evaluating the Factors of Most Advantageous Tender for Technical Service Suppliers Selection- A Case of Townships in Pingtung County." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5gw22v.
Анотація:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
土木工程與防災科技研究所
105
In order to promote the quality of public works more perfect, the Public Construction Commission of Executive in recent years proposed to adopt the most advantageous tender to replace the lowest for supplier selection. That is to consider the technical capacity of the suppliers. Therefore, the study is aimed at establishing more efficient evaluation and criteria for the procurement on construction services and takes as the object from Townships’ in Pingtung County to explore the most impact factors and its weights. How to effectively improve the quality of technical services procurement and the establishment of appropriate selection criteria is the study to explore the issue. The research process consists of two stages. The first stage applied Modified Delphi Method (MDM) is an in-depth form seven expert interviews to understand the criteria of the most advantageous tender and establish the selecn factors. The second stage focused on analysis and evaluation the weights of impact factors of with using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) by expert choice 2000 sofeware form ten expert questionnaires. The results shows that the level of objects with the highest weight was "planning and design capacity" 23.1％ for effecting the quality of the most advantageous tender, and followed by " supervision capability "22.6％. In the case of the impact factors on the third level of AHP, the weight of "content of the presentation" is the highest, followed by "team experience and professional knowledge", "safety design and durability", "Q & A", "completeness and understanding of the proposal ". The weight of the impact of the factors will be ranked as the reference basis for township government on technical services selection of the most advantageous tender. The research will enhance the efficiency and quality of related public construction through the establishment of influencing factors.
37
Li, Huang-Min, and 李煌閔. "On the Evaluation of the Most Advantageous Tender of the Procurement of Automated External Defibrillator (AED): A Case Study of the Fire Bureau of Miao-Li County." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ze2v97.
Анотація:
碩士育達科技大學
休閒事業管理系碩士班
103
In order to supply a light space for people who travelling, and raising the quality of emergency-medical system , government adjusted emergency-medical method Article14-1、Article14-2.The law ruled that it should set an AED (automated external defibrillator) or other emergency-medical facility in public-space particularly, expecting to elevate the quality of emergency-medical, acquiring more time of saving life. For the emergency ambulance of the out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrest patients in every local fire department, AED is a very important ambulant facility. And it is a critical subject for setting an evaluation model of the procurement, saving more money and getting the excellent AED supplier under the poor economy at present especially, making the procurement fairly and suitably. This study starts from analyzing relative reference gradually, and collects more opinion from more experts widely .Inviting sixteen experts evaluating to use semi-open questionnaire firstly, and using modified Delphi method to combine expert’s opinion to choose several evaluation criteria with high consensus. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to calculate the right of evaluated factor, establishing the evaluated model in getting AED. This study result got the index of procuring AED, four items of evaluated, eight indices and weights, the first three indices are following below: user-friendly system and operation interface, the operational condition of the environment and the efficiency of data output and storage, respectively; It also used same research procedure to compare other similar rule of getting medical equipment. Evaluating the most important nine indices and weights, the first three indices are by following below: reasonable price, the price of the expendable items and the accessories and its volume and weight, respectively. This study expects to use in practical procuring, and it gets a little difference in considering procuring AED for the manager of the tourism besides. Using this study result can discuss the difference of procuring further. It also offers feedback to the manager, being the guide of researching product finally.
38
Lin, Chien-hung, and 林建宏. "The Research of the Importance of Public Appraisal Elements in the Most Advantageous Tender of School Field Trips—From the Perspective of the Section Chief of Student Activities As an Example." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/59e899.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
運動與休閒管理研究所在職碩士班
96
The main purpose of this research was to construct the importance of selection criteria of agencies responsible for different field trips in junior high schools in Taipei. This research adopted in-depth interview, using semi-constructed interviewing conspectus, focusing on eight different scales of junior high schools in Taipei, probing into the adoption of the most advantageous tender in selecting undertaking agencies during the process of conducting field trips by student activity section chiefs; analyzing in accordance to the seven phases of selection criteria: “function”, “technology”, “quality”, “management”, “commercial terms”, “price” and “past achievements in contract performance”, coordinating and inducing interview documentations, processing post evaluation, to finally understand the selection criteria and their importance of different schools conducting different kinds of field trips. The research concluded as follows: 1. curriculum-related field trips (one day field trips), the most significant area in terms of selecting was “price”: it was because it’s quite simple to formulate, without complicated matters relating to lodging and boarding, therefore, most schools will take in the “price” in the activity proposal provided by agencies into prior consideration. 2. field trips on a regular basis (small scale educational activity), the most the most significant area in terms of selecting was “technique”: the current field trips on a regular basis were conducted as overnight camporees, so therefore, besides the perfectibility of the activity scheme the agencies were required to provide, the executive instructors need to possess professional skills that were related to the activity. 3. long term field trips, the most significant area in terms of selecting was “quality”, conducting a 3-day-2-night graduation trip, the security of the lodging hotel and its room concentrations, the arrangement of boarding and its sanitation and nutrition balance, transporting vehicles and driver quality that needs to be strictly checked upon, these matters were all needed to be worked out with great caution. Aiming at follow-up researches, it was suggested to apply quantification to expand sampling range, to increase interview patterns, to obtain more complete information, in order to comprehend and gain a better picture of the selection assignment of extra-curriculum educational activities.