Статті в журналах: "Elbuss"

1

Yeager, Josef K. "Hairy Elbows." Archives of Dermatology 131, no. 7 (July 1, 1995): 858. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.1995.01690190114034.

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2

Miller, M. L. "Hairy elbows." Archives of Dermatology 131, no. 7 (July 1, 1995): 858–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.131.7.858.

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3

ERYAZICI, Emine, and Esen ÇORUH. "Dress Preferences of Working Women According to Body Shapes." Tekstil ve Mühendis 22, no. 98 (June 30, 2015): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.7216/130075992015229805.

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4

Bershov, Sergii, and Andriy Kiyko. "Elbrus – chronology, recreation." Слобожанський науково-спортивний вісник 58, no. 2 (April 30, 2017): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.15391/snsv.2017-2.003.

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5

Koul, Ajaz Nabi, and Ridwana Ahad. "Lumpy Bumpy Elbows." JMS SKIMS 15, no. 2 (December 27, 2012): 186. http://dx.doi.org/10.33883/jms.v15i2.161.

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This 70 year male, with a past history of hyperuricemia and gout for 20 years, presented with arthralgias of large joints for past few months. He has been taking allopurinol and NSAIDS frequently. Clinical examination revealed ulceroexudative lesions on his feet with white pultatious material exudating. JMS 2012;15(2):186.

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6

Rosina, Paolo, Silvia Pugliarello, Michele Tarocco, Francesco S. D'Onghia, and Annalisa Barba. "Hairy elbows syndrome." International Journal of Dermatology 45, no. 2 (February 2006): 127–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-4632.2005.02646.x.

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7

Zalikhanov, M. Ch. "“Breaking on Elbrus”." Naučnaâ mysl' Kavkaza 84, no. 4 (2015): 5–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.18522/2072-0181-2015-84-4-5-11.

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8

ÇEĞİNDİR, Neşe Yaşar, and Ceren ÖZ. "Dönüştürülebilir Elbise Uygulamaları." Tekstil ve Mühendis 27, no. 119 (September 30, 2020): 186–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.7216/1300759920202711907.

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9

Fan, Cun-Yi. "Stiff elbows: Our experience." Chirurgie de la Main 34, no. 6 (December 2015): 397. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.main.2015.10.189.

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10

Lewis, D. "Reduction of pulled elbows." Emergency Medicine Journal 20, no. 1 (January 1, 2003): 61—a—62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/emj.20.1.61-a.

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11

Waters, Jacqueline. "Elbows on the Table." Critical Quarterly 62, no. 2 (July 2020): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/criq.12552.

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12

Mcgoldrick, Mary. "Bare Below the Elbows." Home Healthcare Nurse 32, no. 7 (2014): 440–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/nhh.0000000000000112.

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13

Durr, Deborah E., Nurtan A. Esmen, Clarence Stanley, and Dietrich A. Weyel. "Pressure Drop in Elbows." Applied Industrial Hygiene 2, no. 2 (March 1987): 57–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08828032.1987.10389251.

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14

Knight, Suzanne. "Management of pulled elbows." Emergency Nurse 14, no. 5 (September 2006): 18–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/en2006.09.14.5.18.c4208.

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15

O’Driscoll, Shawn W. "How Do Elbows Dislocate?" Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery 100, no. 7 (April 2018): e46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2106/jbjs.17.01448.

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16

Grierson, James. "Hips, elbows and Stifles." Journal of Feline Medicine and Surgery 14, no. 1 (January 2012): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1098612x11432824.

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17

Griffin, KJ, DJA Scott, and N. Foster. "Bare below the elbows." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 93, no. 2 (March 2011): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588411x561071.

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18

Greatorex, RA. "Bare below the elbows." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 93, no. 4 (May 2011): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588411x572213.

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19

Brizuela, Edward A. "Potential flow in elbows." Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics 45, no. 2 (May 1993): 125–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6105(93)90266-q.

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20

Duan, Zhi Xiang, and Kun Shi. "Analysis and Experiments on the Plastic Limit Load of Elbows under Combined Pressure and In-Plane Closing Bending Moment." Advanced Materials Research 774-776 (September 2013): 1090–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.774-776.1090.

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This paper discusses the plastic limit load of elbows without defects and with local thinned area (LTA) in the extrados under combined pressure and in-plane closing bending moment. Finite element analysis (FEA) and experiments have been used. The results of FEA show that, for the elbows without defects, when the ratio of pressure to the limit pressure (P/PL) is smaller than 0.469, the limit moment of elbows increases with the increasing pressure; when the ratio (P/PL) is bigger than 0.469, the limit moment of elbow decreases with the increasing pressure. For the elbows with LTA, the FEA results show that with different LTA the variation of the limit load of elbows to the pressure is different. Perhaps, the limit moment of elbows always decreases with the increasing pressure. It is also likely that the limit moment of elbows increases with the increasing pressure and then decreases with the increasing pressure. The results of FEA are consistent with the experimental results. By fitting the results of FEA, the safety assessment figure for elbows under combined pressure and in-plane closing bending moment is drawn.

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21

Lewis, G. D., and Y. J. Chao. "Flexibility of Trunnion Piping Elbows." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 112, no. 2 (May 1, 1990): 184–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2928607.

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Trunnion piping elbows are commonly used in piping systems in power and chemical plants. The flexibility of the trunnion piping elbows is normally less than that of the plain piping elbows. In this paper, the finite element method is used to derive the in-plane and out-of-plane flexibility factors of trunnion piping elbows. The results can be easily adopted into the piping flexibility analysis.

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22

Agthe, P., I. A. Schaafsma, and A. P. Moores. "Prevalence of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle and other abnormalities of the elbow in English Springer Spaniels." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 25, no. 03 (2012): 211–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-11-05-0066.

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SummaryObjectives: To determine the prevalence of incomplete ossification of the humeral condyle (IOHC) and other osseous abnormalities of the elbow in English Springer Spaniels with no history of lameness.Methods: Prospective observational study of English Springer Spaniels with no recent history of lameness. Computed tomography scans of both elbows were obtained from dogs older than six months of age which were anaesthetized or sedated for reasons unrelated to this study. Computed tomography scans were reviewed for the presence of IOHC and other abnormalities of the elbow. Radioulnar incongruity (RUI) measurements from normal elbows were compared to elbows with IOHC and elbows with medial coronoid process (MCP) abnormalities.Results: Computed tomography scans from 50 dogs (100 elbows) were reviewed. The prevalence of IOHC was 14% (8 elbows in 7 dogs). All condylar fissures were incomplete with a mean length of 2.6 mm. Fifty percent of the dogs (44% of elbows) had abnormalities of the medial coronoid process and 60% of the elbows had periarticular osteophytes. Group RUI meansurements for IOHC and MCP were not significantly different from normal elbows.Clinical significance: Small IOHC fissures, periarticular osteophytes and MCP abnormalities may be identified in English Springer Spaniels without forelimb lameness. Abnormalities of the MCP are more common than IOHC.Presented in part at the BVOA Spring Meeting, Birmingham, UK, March 2011.

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23

Iba, K., T. Wada, M. Tamakawa, M. Aoki, and T. Yamashita. "DIFFUSION-WEIGHTED MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING OF THE ULNAR NERVE IN CUBITAL TUNNEL SYNDROME." Hand Surgery 15, no. 01 (January 2010): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021881041000445x.

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Diffusion-weighted images based on magnetic resonance reveal the microstructure of tissues by monitoring the random movement of water molecules. In this study, we investigated whether this new technique could visualize pathologic lesions on ulnar nerve in cubital tunnel. Six elbows in six healthy males without any symptoms and eleven elbows in ten patients with cubital tunnel syndrome underwent on diffusion-weighted MRI. No signal from the ulnar nerve was detected in normal subjects. Diffusion-weighted MRI revealed positive signals from the ulnar nerve in all of the eleven elbows with cubital tunnel syndrome. In contrast, conventional T2W-MRI revealed high signal intensity in eight elbows and low signal intensity in three elbows. Three elbows with low signal MRI showed normal nerve conduction velocity of the ulnar nerve. Diffusion-weighted MRI appears to be an attractive technique for diagnosis of cubital tunnel syndrome in its early stages which show normal electrophysiological and conventional MRI studies.

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24

Ueda, Yusuke, Hiroyuki Sugaya, Norimasa Takahashi, Keisuke Matsuki, Morihito Tokai, Kazutomo Onishi, Shota Hoshika, and Hiroshige Hamada. "Arthroscopic Fragment Resection for Capitellar Osteochondritis Dissecans in Adolescent Athletes: 5- to 12-Year Follow-up." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 5, no. 12 (December 1, 2017): 232596711774453. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967117744537.

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Background: Capitellar osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) in skeletally immature athletes has often been seen in baseball players and gymnasts. The choice of surgical procedure for unstable lesions in skeletally immature athletes remains controversial. Purpose: To investigate functional outcomes and radiographic changes in the midterm to long-term postoperative period after arthroscopic (AS) resection for small to large capitellar OCD lesions in skeletally immature athletes. Study Design: Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods: A total of 38 elbows in 38 patients (33 boys, 5 girls; mean age, 14 years [range, 13-15 years]) with skeletally immature elbows underwent AS resection for capitellar OCD. Patients were observed for at least 5 years (mean, 8 years [range, 5-12 years]). Elbows with a lesion width that did not exceed one-half of the radial head diameter were assigned to group 1 (n = 17 elbows), and larger lesions were assigned to group 2 (n = 21 elbows). Functional scores, patient satisfaction, range of motion (ROM), and osteoarthritis (OA) grades were evaluated between the groups. Results: All patients returned to sports activity. Functional scores at the final follow-up were not significantly different between the groups. Patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher in group 1 than in group 2. There was significant improvement in flexion ROM at the final follow-up compared with preoperative values in group 1 ( P = .017), and there was a significant between-group difference (group 1: 141°; group 2: 133°; P = .002). Extension ROM showed significant improvement in both groups (group 1: from –8° to 3°; group 2: from –17° to –1°; P < .001 for both). Group 1 tended to have better extension than group 2, but the difference was not significant. There were no elbows with severe OA in either group, but the OA grade progressed in 5 elbows (29%) in group 1 and 9 elbows (43%) in group 2, and this rate of OA progression was statistically significant between groups ( P = .005). Conclusion: Both functional outcomes and radiological findings after AS fragment resection were excellent in elbows with small lesions. Although overall outcomes were acceptable in elbows with larger lesions, flexion ROM and patient satisfaction scores were significantly inferior to those in elbows with smaller lesions.

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25

Labruyère, J. J., J. F. Bardet, and E. G. Gasch. "Computed tomography of ununited anconeal process in the dog." Veterinary and Comparative Orthopaedics and Traumatology 25, no. 06 (2012): 498–505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3415/vcot-11-10-0138.

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SummaryObjective: The purpose of this study was to describe computed tomography (CT) features of the ununited anconeal process and relate them with the following elbow dysplasia signs: medial coronoid disease, medial humeral condyle changes, osteoarthritis (OA), and radioulnar incongruence.Methods: Computed tomographic images of dogs older than six months with an ununited anconeal process were evaluated (n = 13). Ununited anconeal process features were described as being complete or incomplete, and the degree of displacement, volume, and presence of cysts and sclerosis were also evaluated. Medial coronoid disease was defined as an irregular medial coronoid process shape, presence of sclerosis and fragmentation. Medial humeral condyle changes were defined as subchondral bone flattening, lucencies, and sclerosis. Osteoarthritis was graded depending on the osteophytes size. Radioulnar incongruence was measured on a sagittal view at the base of the medial coronoid process.Results: Eleven elbows had a complete and two had an incomplete ununited anconeal process. All ununited anconeal processes had cystic and sclerotic lesions. Seven ununited anconeal processes were displaced and six were non-displaced. Mean ununited anconeal process volume was 1.35 cm3 (0.61 cm3 – 2.08 cm3). Twelve elbows had signs of medial coronoid disease (4 of them with a fragmented medial coronoid process), and one elbow did not show any evidence of medial coronoid disease. Ten elbows had medial humeral condyle changes. One elbow had grade 1 OA, seven elbows had grade 2, and five elbows grade 3. All elbows had radioulnar incongruence: three elbows had a negative and 10 elbows had a positive radioulnar incongruence. Mean radioulnar incongruence was 1.49 mm (0.63 mm – 2.61 mm). Computed tomographic findings were similar in the majority of the elbows studied: complete ununited anconeal processes with signs of medial coronoid disease, positive radioulnar incongruence, high grade of OA, sclerotic medial humeral condyle changes, and large ununited anconeal process volumes.Clinical significance: Incomplete small ununited anconeal process volumes could be associated with a lower incidence of medial coronoid disease or medial humeral condyle changes. We recommend performing preoperative CT of elbows with an ununited anconeal process to evaluate concurrent lesions.

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26

Yahiaoui, K., D. G. Moffat, and D. N. Moreton. "Response and cyclic strain accumulation of pressurized piping elbows under dynamic in-plane bending." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 31, no. 2 (March 1, 1996): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/03093247v312135.

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Eight pairs of carbon and stainless steel, long and short radius welding elbows were tested under conditions of steady internal pressure and in-plane, resonant dynamic moments that simulated seismic excitations. The elbows had an outside diameter of 60.3 mm and thicknesses of 3.91 and 5.54 mm. The material properties are reported, and the testing procedure and experimental programme fully described. The dynamic response of the comonents indicates that the stainless steel elbows behave differently from the carbon steel elbows. The cyclic strain accumulation for each component is assessed and ratios of applied to limit moments of the elbows at onset of ratcheting are given for each material. While the gross deformation range increased with level of input in testing, no permanent overall swelling or ovalization was recorded; this is contrasted with similar results reported in the general literature.

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27

Wu, Mark, Katherine Eisenberg, Kathryn Williams, and Donald S. Bae. "Radial Head Changes in Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Humeral Capitellum." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 6, no. 4 (April 1, 2018): 232596711876905. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967118769059.

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Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the elbow has almost exclusively been described in the humeral capitellum, with only a small number of reports describing secondary osteochondral changes in the radial head. Hypothesis: The authors hypothesized that concomitant radial head lesions (RHLs) would be seen with capitellar OCD and that patients with RHLs would present with more advanced capitellar OCD lesions and would respond better to procedures restoring articular congruity. Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2. Methods: A total of 86 elbows from 82 patients (39 female patients; mean ± SD age, 13.8 ± 2.2 years; age range, 9.8-23.6 years) were treated for capitellar OCD and enrolled in a prospective registry. Clinical and radiographic data were compared between those with and without RHLs, with a median follow-up of 10.8 months (interquartile range, 6.2-17.1 months). Magnetic resonance imaging was used to characterize and measure RHLs and OCD lesions. Postoperative clinical results were compared between patients who underwent drilling and those who had osteochondral autograft transplantation surgery (OATS). Results: RHLs were present in 26 (30%) elbows—17 in the dominant arm. Edema was seen in 22 elbows; 17 had involvement of the anterior third of the radial epiphysis. Cysts were present in 4 elbows: 2 in the anterior third and 2 in the middle third. Blunting of the normal concave contour of the radial epiphysis was present in 10 elbows in the anterior third. Demographic and presenting clinical features were similar between those with and without RHLs. RHLs were more commonly seen in Nelson grade 4 OCD lesions ( P = .04) as compared with elbows without RHLs. Elbows with RHLs that underwent OATS (n = 9) trended toward greater improvement in forearm range of motion ( P = .058) and fewer persistent mechanical symptoms ( P = .06) postoperatively as compared with elbows having RHLs that underwent drilling. There were no postoperative differences in elbows without RHLs that underwent OATS versus drilling. Conclusion: RHLs were seen in one-third of elbows with capitellar OCD. Lesions predominantly occurred in the anterior RH in patients with more advanced capitellar lesions. Short-term clinical follow-up suggested greater improvement in range of motion and resolution of mechanical symptoms for patients with RHLs who were treated with OATS than with drilling.

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28

Çetin, Ökkeş Hakan, and Emine Ünzile Çelik. "Elbise-i Atika-i Osmaniye." History Studies International Journal of History 12, no. 6 (December 3, 2020): 3307–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.9737/hist.2020.967.

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29

McGarry, Michael. "Elbows, bends and lyrical space." Architectural Research Quarterly 16, no. 1 (March 2012): 94–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1359135512000334.

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Ridgeway Street sounds like something out of an Ealing comedy - all charm, Englishness and deft touch. This Belfast street is a continuing surprise - a sudden fall from Stranmillis Road in a city that one images as a flat apron laid out under Black Mountain and Divis; houses that have enough in common to establish a loose coherence, but with odd dormers and narrow stepping plots that give a whimsical twist; a line of folded roof planes dropping precariously towards the Lagan, their angles spiking the skyline. The Lyric accounts for the last set of these spiky roofs at the end of the terrace at the bottom of Ridgeway Street.

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30

Sobisevich, A., and L. Sobisevich. "Mysteries of Elbrus Volcanic Region." Земля и Вселенная, no. 5 (October 2018): 55–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s004439480002477-5.

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31

Mast, Anne McLaurin. "Multiple Papules on the Elbows." Archives of Dermatology 133, no. 6 (June 1, 1997): 780. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/archderm.1997.03890420123019.

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32

Knight, Kathryn. "Elbows key for walkers’ efficiency." Journal of Experimental Biology 222, no. 13 (July 1, 2019): jeb207100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.207100.

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33

Yatskiv, Ya S., L. V. Rykhlova, and V. K. Taradiy. "Astronomy in the Elbrus Region." Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies 32, no. 5 (September 2016): 213–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s0884591316050111.

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34

Hoesly, Paul M., Mario M. Mitkov, and Mark A. Cappel. "Verrucous plaques on the elbows." JAAD Case Reports 5, no. 2 (February 2019): 153–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jdcr.2018.11.018.

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35

Huang, Guo-Shu, Herng-Sheng Lee, Ying-Chun Chiu, Chien-Chih Yu, and Cheng-Yu Chen. "Kimura’s disease of the elbows." Skeletal Radiology 34, no. 9 (May 14, 2005): 555–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00256-005-0905-z.

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36

Kim, Seungjin, Gunol Kojasoy, and Tangwen Guo. "Two-phase minor loss in horizontal bubbly flow with elbows: 45° and 90° elbows." Nuclear Engineering and Design 240, no. 2 (February 2010): 284–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nucengdes.2008.08.019.

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37

Zeynivand Mojarrad, Maryam, Hadi Dabiryan, Amir Masoud Rezadoust, and Hooshang Nosraty. "Numerical and experimental study of internal pressure behaviour of integrated and non-integrated weft-knitted reinforced composite elbows." Journal of Composite Materials 55, no. 20 (March 2, 2021): 2765–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998321990727.

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This research aims to study the internal pressure behaviour of integrated and non-integrated composite elbows. For this purpose, weft-knitted integrated preforms were produced on the CMC-330-TC Flat knitting machine. Composite elbows reinforced with integrated weft-knitted preform were fabricated using the bladder molding technique. In addition, the non-integrated composite elbows were provided by wrapping the weft-knitted fabric on a plaster mold and hand lay-up impregnation method. To perform the pressure test, a fixture was designed and manufactured. Produced samples were subjected to the internal pressure test. Experimental results show that integrated composite elbow has higher hydrostatic pressure resistant. The internal pressure behaviour of integrated composite was simulated using the multi-scale model. Results showed that integrated composite elbow has a higher resistance against internal pressure than non-integrated composite elbows, so that the integrated elbows failed at 12.5-bar pressure, while the non-integrated elbow failed at 9.5-bar pressure.

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38

Guo, Cha Xiu, and Xin Li Wei. "Experimental Study on the Plastic Collapse Load of Elbows Subjected to In-Plane Opening Bending Moment." Advanced Materials Research 204-210 (February 2011): 1755–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.204-210.1755.

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Pipe elbows are the most critical components in any piping system. However, the earlier experiments on cracked elbows were focused mainly on the determination of limit load of through wall cracked elbow. The experimental results of plastic collapse load of seven carbon steel 900 elbows, subjected to in-plane opening bending moment, are reported in this work. Among the selected specimens, three were defect-free elbows and six had axial surface cracks at the intrados, crown or at extrados. Test arrangement and the collapse behavior with and without cracks were presented. The plastic collapse loads were then obtained on the basis of experimental results. Reasonably good matching between test results and existing estimation formulae has been observed.

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39

Hans, Eric C., W. Brian Saunders, Brian S. Beale, and Don A. Hulse. "Fragmentation of the Medial Coronoid Process in Toy and Small Breed Dogs: 13 Elbows (2000–2012)." Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 52, no. 4 (July 1, 2016): 234–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.5326/jaaha-ms-6295.

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ABSTRACT Fragmentation of the medial coronoid process (FCP) is an uncommon cause of thoracic limb lameness in toy and small breed dogs. Arthroscopic findings and treatment remains poorly described. The objective of this study was to describe the arthroscopic findings and short-term outcome following arthroscopic treatment in toy and small breed dogs with FCP. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. Arthroscopic findings were available from 13 elbows (12 dogs). Outcome data ≥4 wk postoperatively were available for nine elbows. Owner satisfaction scores were available for 10 elbows. Common preoperative findings included lameness, elbow pain, and imaging abnormalities consistent with FCP. Displaced FCP was the most common FCP lesion identified. Cartilage lesions at the medial coronoid process were identified in 92.3% of elbows (n = 12), with a median Outerbridge score of 4 (range 1–5). Concurrent cartilage lesions of the medial humeral condyle were identified in 76.9% of elbows (n = 10). Seven of nine elbows had full or acceptable function postoperatively. Median owner outcome satisfaction was 91% (range 10–100). FCP should be considered a cause of thoracic limb lameness in toy and small breed dogs. Arthroscopy can be safely and effectively used to diagnose and treat FCP in these breeds.

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40

Ahmad, Christopher S., Thay Q. Lee, and Neal S. ElAttrache. "Biomechanical Evaluation of a New Ulnar Collateral Ligament Reconstruction Technique with Interference Screw Fixation." American Journal of Sports Medicine 31, no. 3 (March 2003): 332–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/03635465030310030201.

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Background Techniques for ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction have evolved. Hypothesis Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction with interference screw fixation restores elbow kinematics and failure strength to that of the native ligament. Study Design Controlled laboratory study. Methods Of 10 matched pairs of cadaveric elbows, one underwent kinematic testing under conditions of an intact, released, and reconstructed ligament. Single 5-mm diameter bone tunnels were created at the isometric anatomic insertion sites on the medial epicondyle and sublime tubercle. Graft fixation was achieved with 5 × 15 mm soft tissue interference screws. The reconstructed and contralateral intact elbows were then tested to failure. Results Average stiffness for intact elbows (42.81 ± 11.6 N/mm) was significantly greater than for reconstructed elbows (20.28 ± 12.5 N/mm). Ultimate moment for intact elbows (34.0 ± 6.9 N·m) was not significantly different from reconstructed elbows (30.6 ± 19.2 N·m). Release of the ulnar collateral ligament caused a significant increase in valgus instability. Reconstruction restored valgus stability to near that of the intact elbow. Conclusions With this reconstruction method, failure strength was comparable with that of the native ligament and physiologic elbow kinematics were reliably restored. Clinical Relevance This technique returns elbow kinematics to near normal, with less soft tissue dissection and risk of ulnar nerve injury and ease of graft insertion, tensioning, and fixation.

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Karamanos, S. A., D. Tsouvalas, and A. M. Gresnigt. "Ultimate Bending Capacity and Buckling of Pressurized 90 deg Steel Elbows." Journal of Pressure Vessel Technology 128, no. 3 (July 7, 2005): 348–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2217967.

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The paper examines the nonlinear elastic-plastic response of internally pressurized 90 deg pipe elbows under in-plane and out-of-plane bending. Nonlinear shell elements from a general-purpose finite element program are employed to model the inelastic response of steel elbows and the adjacent straight parts. The numerical results are successfully compared with real-scale experimental measurements. The paper also presents a parametric study, aimed at investigating the effects of diameter-to-thickness ratio and moderate pressure levels on the ultimate bending capacity of 90 deg elbows, focusing on the failure mode (local buckling or cross-sectional flattening) and the maximum bending moment. Special attention is given to the response of 90 deg elbows under out-of-plane bending moments.

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42

Gao, Bing Jun, Xu Chen, Shao Feng Zhang, and Jin Hong Li. "A Proposed Thickness Distribution of Elbow Resisting Ratcheting." Key Engineering Materials 353-358 (September 2007): 377–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.353-358.377.

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With the analysis of thickness distributions of elbow by the equal-strength criterion and plastic deformation by pushing bending process, an ideal thickness distribution is proposed with the consideration of elbow processing characteristics to improve its ratcheting resistance. Ratcheting of elbows under internal pressure and reversed in-plane bending is analyzed with Chaboche model by finite element method, which shows that elbows with the proposed thickness distribution have great resistance to ratcheting compared with equal thickness elbows.

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Wang, Ting-Ting, Ming Zhou, Xue-Feng Hu, and Jiang-Qin Liu. "Perinatal risk factors for pulmonary hemorrhage in extremely low-birth-weight infants." World Journal of Pediatrics 16, no. 3 (November 4, 2019): 299–304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12519-019-00322-7.

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Abstract Background Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a life-threatening respiratory complication of extremely low-birth-weight infants (ELBWIs). However, the risk factors for PH are controversial. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to analyze the perinatal risk factors and short-term outcomes of PH in ELBWIs. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of live born infants who had birth weights that were less than 1000 g, lived for at least 12 hours, and did not have major congenital anomalies. A logistic regression model was established to analyze the risk factors associated with PH. Results There were 168 ELBWIs born during this period. A total of 160 infants were included, and 30 infants were diagnosed with PH. Risk factors including gestational age, small for gestational age, intubation in the delivery room, surfactant in the delivery room, repeated use of surfactant, higher FiO2 during the first day, invasive ventilation during the first day and early onset sepsis (EOS) were associated with the occurrence of PH by univariate analysis. In the logistic regression model, EOS was found to be an independent risk factor for PH. The mortality and intraventricular hemorrhage rate of the group of ELBWIs with PH were significantly higher than those of the group of ELBWIs without PH. The rates of periventricular leukomalacia, moderate-to-severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia and severe retinopathy of prematurity, and the duration of the hospital stay were not significantly different between the PH and no-PH groups. Conclusions Although PH did not extend hospital stay or increase the risk of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, it increased the mortality and intraventricular hemorrhage rate in ELBWIs. EOS was the independent risk factor for PH in ELBWIs.

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Ikezu, Masahiro, Mutsuaki Edama, Kanta Matsuzawa, Fumiya Kaneko, Sohei Shimizu, Ryo Hirabayashi, and Ikuo Kageyama. "Morphological Features of the Ulnar Collateral Ligament of the Elbow and Common Tendon of Flexor-Pronator Muscles." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 8, no. 9 (September 1, 2020): 232596712095241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2325967120952415.

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Background: The anterior bundle (AB) of the ulnar collateral ligament is the most important structure for valgus stabilization of the elbow. However, anatomic relationships among the AB, posterior bundle (PB) of the ulnar collateral ligament, and common tendon (CT) of the flexor-pronator muscles have not been fully clarified. Purpose: To classify the AB, PB, and CT and to clarify their morphological features. Study Design: Descriptive laboratory study. Methods: This investigation examined 56 arms from 31 embalmed Japanese cadavers. The CT investigation examined 34 arms from 23 embalmed Japanese cadavers with CTs remaining. Type classification was performed by focusing on positional relationships with surrounding structures. Morphological features measured were length, width, thickness, and footprint for the AB and PB and attachment length, thickness, and footprint for the CT. Results: The AB was classified as type I (44 elbows; 78.6%), can be separated as a single bundle, or type II (12 elbows; 21.4%), cannot be separated from the PB and joint capsule. The PB was classified as type I (28 elbows; 50.0%), can be separated as a single bundle; type IIa (6 elbows; 10.7%), posterior edge cannot be separated; type IIb (7 elbows; 12.5%), anterior edge cannot be separated; or type III (15 elbows; 26.8%), cannot be separated from the joint capsule. The CT was classified as type I (18 elbows; 52.9%), can be separated from the AB, or type II (16 elbows; 47.1%), cannot be separated from the AB. Significant differences in frequencies of AB, PB, and CT types were identified between men and women. Morphological features were measured only for type I of each structure, and reliability was almost perfect. Conclusion: These results suggest that the AB, PB, and CT each can be classified into an independent form and an unclear form. Presence of the unclear form was suggested as one factor contributing to morphological variation. Clinical Relevance: This study may provide basic information for clarifying functional roles of the AB, PB, and CT.

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Kalov, Ruslan Kh, Khazhbara M. Kalov, and Lara A. Kesheva. "Environmental Aspects of Natural and Climatic Changes in the Elbrus Region (Kabardino-Balkar Republic)." Materials Science Forum 931 (September 2018): 1063–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.931.1063.

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Ecological problems, exogenous processes and phenomena in conditions of climate warming in the Elbrus region (the North Caucasus, Kabardino-Balkar Republic) are reviewed in this article. Increase of average-annual values of temperature and amount of precipitation within the period of 1961-2017 and sub-period of intensive warming of 1976-2017, acceleration of dynamics of glaciers recession in Elbrus, activation of exogenous processes in the Elbrus region are established on the basis of the meteorological data analysis (temperature and precipitation) and monitoring of glaciers degradation.

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46

Calvert, P. T., I. S. Macpherson, R. L. Allum, and G. Bentley. "Simple Lateral Release in Treatment of Tennis Elbow." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 78, no. 11 (November 1985): 912–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107688507801106.

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The records of 340 patients with a clinical diagnosis of tennis elbow were surveyed and the results of conservative treatment assessed. Of 157 patients successfully treated by local steroid injections, 92% achieved their good result after one or two injections. Repeated injections were not helpful. Simple lateral release of the common extensor origin was carried out on 42 elbows in 37 patients. Thirty-seven elbows in 32 patients were personally reviewed. Satisfactory pain relief was achieved in 33 elbows (89%). There were no significant complications.

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Dunn, Jonathan H., John J. Kim, Lonnie Davis, and Robert P. Nirschl. "Ten- to 14-Year Follow-up of the Nirschl Surgical Technique for Lateral Epicondylitis." American Journal of Sports Medicine 36, no. 2 (November 30, 2007): 261–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0363546507308932.

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Background Good to excellent short-term results have been reported for the surgical treatment of lateral epicondylitis using various surgical techniques. Hypothesis Surgical treatment for lateral epicondylitis using the mini-open Nirschl surgical technique will lead to durable results at long-term follow-up. Study Design Case series; Level of evidence, 4. Methods Records from 139 consecutive surgical procedures (130 patients) for lateral epicondylitis performed by 1 surgeon between 1991 and 1994 were retrospectively reviewed. Eighty-three patients (92 elbows) were available by telephone for a mean follow-up of 12.6 years (range, 10–14 years). Outcome measures included the Numeric Pain Intensity Scale, Nirschl and Verhaar tennis elbow–specific scoring systems, and American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons elbow form. Preoperative data were collected retrospectively. Results The mean age of the study group was 46 years (range, 23–70 years) with 45 men and 38 women. Eighty-seven of the procedures were primary, and 5 were revision tennis elbow surgeries. Concomitant procedures were performed in 30 patients including ulnar nerve release in 24 patients, medial tennis elbow procedures in 23 patients, shoulder arthroscopy in 2 patients, carpal tunnel release in 1 patient, and triceps debridement and osteophyte excision in 1 patient. The mean duration of preoperative symptoms was 2.2 years (range, 2 months to 10 years). The mean Nirschl tennis elbow score improved from 23.0 to 71.0, and the mean American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score improved from 34.3 to 87.7 at a minimum of 10-year follow-up ( P < .05). The Numeric Pain Intensity Scale pain score improved from 8.4 preoperatively to 2.1 ( P < .05). Results were rated as excellent in 71 elbows, good in 6 elbows, fair in 9 elbows, and poor in 6 elbows by the Nirschl tennis elbow score. By the criteria of Verhaar et al, the results were excellent in 45 elbows, good in 32 elbows, fair in 8 elbows, and poor in 7 elbows. Eighty-four percent good to excellent results were achieved using both scoring systems. Ninety-two percent of the patients reported normal elbow range of motion. The overall improvement rate was 97%. Patient satisfaction averaged 8.9 of 10. Ninety-three percent of those available at a minimum of 10-year follow-up reported returning to their sports. Conclusion The mini-open Nirschl surgical technique with accurate resection of the tendinosis tissue remains highly successful in the long term.

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Maheshwari, R., S. Vaziri, and RH Helm. "Total elbow replacement with the Coonrad-Morrey prosthesis: our medium to long-term results." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 94, no. 3 (April 2012): 189–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588412x13171221589775.

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INTRODUCTION Semiconstrained total elbow replacement is now a well recognised and reliable surgical option for advanced elbow disease, mainly rheumatoid arthritis. METHODS We report a retrospective analysis of 31 primary total elbow replacements in 28 patients with a mean follow-up duration of 55 months. The mean age of the patients was 65 years. The indications included 27 cases of rheumatoid arthritis, 3 fractures and 1 case of osteoarthritis. Twenty-one elbows in nineteen patients were assessed using the Mayo elbow performance score (MEPS) in a special follow-up clinic. In the other nine patients (ten elbows), the assessment was carried out with case notes and x-rays. RESULTS The mean pre-operative MEPS in the 21 elbows recalled was 40. This improved to 89 post-operatively (range: 55-100). Sixteen of the twenty-one elbows were considered excellent, two good, two fair and one poor. The range of movement was recorded in eight of the other ten elbows and the mean was 98°. At the last follow-up visit, x-rays were normal in 23 elbows although the ulnar component was loose in 3, the humeral component loose in 2. There were also two cases of nonunion of the medial epicondyle and one patient had mild heterotopic ossification. Complications included one infection, which needed irrigation and debridement with a satisfactory final result, and two cases of ulnar nerve palsy/neurapraxia. Two elbows were considered failures due to severe pain caused by prosthetic loosening. These were referred for revision surgery. CONCLUSIONS Excellent pain relief and good function can be achieved in the medium and long term with the Coonrad-Morrey semiconstrained total elbow replacement prosthesis in patients with severe destructive elbow arthropathy.

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Kamei, Keita, Norihiro Sasaki, Eiji Sasaki, Shizuka Sasaki, Yuka Kimura, Shugo Maeda, Yuji Yamamoto, and Yasuyuki Ishibashi. "Association Between Osteochondritis Dissecans of the Humeral Capitellum and Medial Epicondyle Lesion in Baseball Players." Orthopaedic Journal of Sports Medicine 9, no. 4 (April 1, 2021): 232596712110077. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/23259671211007741.

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Background: Osteochondritis dissecans (OCD) of the humeral capitellum occurs in adolescent overhead athletes, and medial epicondyle (ME) lesions are also common in this population. Purpose: To evaluate the association between elbow OCD and ME lesions in adolescent baseball players. Study Design: Cross-sectional study; Level of evidence, 3. Methods: This study retrospectively evaluated adolescent baseball players with unstable elbow OCD who underwent surgery between January 2000 and February 2020. Patients were excluded if they had osteoarthritis of the elbow. A total of 139 elbows were included in this study (138 male and 1 female athlete; mean ± SD age, 13.6 ± 1.5 years). The patients were first divided into 2 groups based on OCD location: a central lesion group (72 elbows) and a lateral group (67 elbows). Next, patients were divided according to OCD size into a localized group (56 elbows) and a widespread group (83 elbows). Finally, OCD lesions that were both lateral and widespread were defined as lateral-widespread (60 elbows), resulting in 5 groups. ME apophyseal fragmentation and elongation were evaluated and defined as ME lesions. We then compared the relationship between OCD and ME lesions. Results: Of the 139 elbows, 63 (45.3%) had ME lesions. The prevalence of ME lesion was higher in the lateral group than the central group (56.7% vs 34.7%; P = .009) and higher in the widespread group than the localized group (55.4% vs 30.4%; P = .004). Furthermore, the prevalence ratio of ME lesion was significantly higher in the lateral-widespread group than for other lesions (58.3% vs 35.4%; P = .007). Conclusion: In patients undergoing surgery for capitellar OCD, the presence of ME lesions was more commonly associated with lateral and widespread capitellar lesions when compared with central and localized lesions.

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Lo, C. Y., K. B. Lee, C. K. Wong, and Y. P. Chang. "SEMI-CONSTRAINED TOTAL ELBOW ARTHROPLASTY IN CHINESE RHEUMATOID PATIENTS." Hand Surgery 08, no. 02 (December 2003): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218810403001649.

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Seventeen Coonrad-Morrey semi-constrained total elbow replacements were performed on 14 Chinese rheumatoid patients. The elbows were reviewed retrospectively after a mean follow-up of 36 months (range 12–89 months.) After the operation, all patients were satisfied and there was no pain in 15 elbows. There was no radiological sign of loosening in the implanted prostheses and bone graft was incorporated in 93% of primary elbow replacements. The Mayo Elbow Performance Score was improved from an average of 40 (range 20–75) to an average of 93 (range 65–100). The arc of flexion was improved from an average of 89° (range 0°–125°) to 104° (range 35°–125°). The sizes of implants can be predicted accurately by the planning template in only four elbows (24%) and there were early complications in seven elbows (41%), with one prosthesis removed because of deep infection.

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