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Статті в журналах з теми "Empty virus like particles"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 березня 2023

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Zoratto, Samuele, Thomas Heuser, Gernot Friedbacher, et al. "Adeno-Associated Virus-like Particles’ Response to pH Changes as Revealed by nES-DMA." Viruses 15, no. 6 (2023): 1361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15061361.

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Gas-phase electrophoresis on a nano-Electrospray Gas-phase Electrophoretic Mobility Molecular Analyzer (nES GEMMA) separates single-charged, native analytes according to the surface-dry particle size. A volatile electrolyte, often ammonium acetate, is a prerequisite for electrospraying. Over the years, nES GEMMA has demonstrated its unique capability to investigate (bio-)nanoparticle containing samples in respect to composition, analyte size, size distribution, and particle numbers. Virus-like particles (VLPs), being non-infectious vectors, are often employed for gene therapy applications. Foc

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2

Wu, Hui-Lin, Pei-Jer Chen, Jung-Jung Mu, et al. "Assembly of Hepatitis Delta Virus-like Empty Particles in Yeast." Virology 236, no. 2 (1997): 374–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/viro.1997.8743.

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3

Hainisch, Edmund K., Christoph Jindra, Reinhard Kirnbauer, and Sabine Brandt. "Papillomavirus-Like Particles in Equine Medicine." Viruses 15, no. 2 (2023): 345. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15020345.

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Papillomaviruses (PVs) are a family of small DNA tumor viruses that can induce benign lesions or cancer in vertebrates. The observation that animal PV capsid-proteins spontaneously self-assemble to empty, highly immunogenic virus-like particles (VLPs) has led to the establishment of vaccines that efficiently protect humans from specific PV infections and associated diseases. We provide an overview of PV-induced tumors in horses and other equids, discuss possible routes of PV transmission in equid species, and present recent developments aiming at introducing the PV VLP-based vaccine technology

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4

Li, T. C., Y. Yamakawa, K. Suzuki, et al. "Expression and self-assembly of empty virus-like particles of hepatitis E virus." Journal of virology 71, no. 10 (1997): 7207–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.71.10.7207-7213.1997.

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5

Richterová, Zuzana, David Liebl, Martin Horák, et al. "Caveolae Are Involved in the Trafficking of Mouse Polyomavirus Virions and Artificial VP1 Pseudocapsids toward Cell Nuclei." Journal of Virology 75, no. 22 (2001): 10880–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.22.10880-10891.2001.

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ABSTRACT Electron and confocal microscopy were used to observe the entry and the movement of polyomavirus virions and artificial virus-like particles (VP1 pseudocapsids) in mouse fibroblasts and epithelial cells. No visible differences in adsorption and internalization of virions and VP1 pseudocapsids (“empty” or containing DNA) were observed. Viral particles entered cells internalized in smooth monopinocytic vesicles, often in the proximity of larger, caveola-like invaginations. Both “empty” vesicles derived from caveolae and vesicles containing viral particles were stained with the anti-cave

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6

Hord, M., W. Villalobos, A. V. Macaya-Lizano, and C. Rivera. "Chayote Mosaic, a New Disease in Sechium edule Caused by a Tymovirus." Plant Disease 81, no. 4 (1997): 374–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pdis.1997.81.4.374.

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A sap-transmissible virus was isolated from chayote (Sechium edule) in Costa Rica. Infected plants showed chlorotic spots and rings, and blotchy mosaics, which often coalesced to give a complete mosaic and leaf deformation. By electron microscopy, spherical virus-like particles of approximately 29 nm in diameter were visible, and cytological changes associated with the chloroplasts were observed. The virus particles sedimented in sucrose density gradients as two components, a top component of empty protein shells and a bottom component of electron-dense particles. Electrophoretic analysis show

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7

Ammar, E. D., R. E. Gingery, and L. R. Nault. "Cytopathology and ultrastructure of mild and severe strains of maize chlorotic dwarf virus in maize and johnsongrass." Canadian Journal of Botany 71, no. 5 (1993): 718–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b93-083.

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In maize leaves experimentally infected with various isolates or strains of maize chlorotic dwarf virus, including a newly characterized strain (M1), and in naturally infected johnsongrass, only two types of cytoplasmic inclusions were consistently observed: (i) quasi-spherical electron-dense granular inclusions, and (ii) curved or straight bundles of fibrous inclusions. Both types were detected by light and (or) electron microscopy in vascular parenchyma and phloem cells, and less frequently in bundle-sheath and adjacent mesophyll cells. The dense granular inclusions usually contained numerou

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8

Huynh, Nhung T., Emma L. Hesketh, Pooja Saxena, et al. "Crystal Structure and Proteomics Analysis of Empty Virus-like Particles of Cowpea Mosaic Virus." Structure 24, no. 4 (2016): 567–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.str.2016.02.011.

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9

Suárez, Cristina, María L. Salas, and Javier M. Rodríguez. "African Swine Fever Virus Polyprotein pp62 Is Essential for Viral Core Development." Journal of Virology 84, no. 1 (2009): 176–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01858-09.

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ABSTRACT One of the most characteristic features of African swine fever virus gene expression is its use of two polyproteins, pp220 and pp62, to produce several structural proteins that account for approximately 32% of the total protein virion mass. Equimolecular amounts of these proteins are the major components of the core shell, a thick protein layer that lies beneath the inner envelope, surrounding the viral nucleoid. Polyprotein pp220, which is located immediately underneath the internal envelope, is essential for the encapsidation of the core of the viral particle. In its absence, the in

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10

Ren, Jingshan, Xiangxi Wang, Ling Zhu, et al. "Structures of Coxsackievirus A16 Capsids with Native Antigenicity: Implications for Particle Expansion, Receptor Binding, and Immunogenicity." Journal of Virology 89, no. 20 (2015): 10500–10511. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.01102-15.

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ABSTRACTEnterovirus 71 (EV71) and coxsackievirus A16 (CVA16) are the primary causes of the epidemics of hand-foot-and-mouth disease (HFMD) that affect more than a million children in China each year and lead to hundreds of deaths. Although there has been progress with vaccines for EV71, the development of a CVA16 vaccine has proved more challenging, and the EV71 vaccine does not give useful cross-protection, despite the capsid proteins of the two viruses sharing about 80% sequence identity. The structural details of the expanded forms of the capsids, which possess nonnative antigenicity, are n

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11

Bardi, Giuseppe. "Nanometric Virus-Like Particles: Key Tools for Vaccine and Adjuvant Technology." Vaccines 8, no. 3 (2020): 430. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines8030430.

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The ideal vaccine should trigger a specific response against pathogens and induce the immune system memory to be prepared for eventual following infections. Although different approaches to develop new vaccines are currently taken, several of the features of natural pathogens that allow a tailored immune reaction are difficult to mimic. The viral capsids are the physical interface between a virus and the host defense machinery which recognizes specific patterns of the viral supramolecular complexes. Therefore, empty viral particles deprived of their genomes represent optimal targets to induce

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12

Meshcheriakova, Yulia, Alex Durrant, Emma L. Hesketh, Neil A. Ranson, and George P. Lomonossoff. "Combining high-resolution cryo-electron microscopy and mutagenesis to develop cowpea mosaic virus for bionanotechnology." Biochemical Society Transactions 45, no. 6 (2017): 1263–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bst20160312.

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Particles of cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) have enjoyed considerable success as nanoparticles. The development of a system for producing empty virus-like particles (eVLPs) of the virus, which are non-infectious and have the potential to be loaded with heterologous material, has increased the number of possible applications for CPMV-based particles. However, for this potential to be realised, it was essential to demonstrate that eVLPs were accurate surrogates for natural virus particles, and this information was provided by high-resolution cryo-EM studies of eVLPs. This demonstration has enabled t

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13

Shanks, Michael, and George P. Lomonossoff. "Co-expression of the capsid proteins of Cowpea mosaic virus in insect cells leads to the formation of virus-like particles." Journal of General Virology 81, no. 12 (2000): 3093–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-81-12-3093.

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The regions of RNA-2 of Cowpea mosaic virus (CPMV) that encode the Large (L) and Small (S) coat proteins were expressed either individually or together in Spodoptera frugiperda (sf21) cells using baculovirus vectors. Co-expression of the two coat proteins from separate promoters in the same construct resulted in the formation of virus-like particles whose morphology closely resembled that of native CPMV virions. No such particles were formed when the individual L and S proteins were expressed. Sucrose gradient centrifugation of the virus-like particles showed that they had the sedimentation ch

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14

Ericson, Brad L., Darby J. Carlson, and Kimberly A. Carlson. "Characterization of Nora Virus Structural Proteins via Western Blot Analysis." Scientifica 2016 (2016): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9067848.

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Nora virus is a single stranded RNA picorna-like virus with four open reading frames (ORFs). The coding potentials of the ORFs are not fully characterized, but ORF3 and ORF4 are believed to encode the capsid proteins (VP3, VP4a, VP4b, and VP4c) comprising the virion. To determine the polypeptide composition of Nora virus virions, polypeptides from purified virus were compared to polypeptides detected in Nora virus infectedDrosophila melanogaster. Nora virus was purified from infected flies and used to challenge mice for the production of antisera.ORF3,ORF4a,ORF4b, andORF4cwere individually clo

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15

Kimura, Tatsuji, Nobuhiko Ohno, Nobuo Terada, et al. "Hepatitis B Virus DNA-negative Dane Particles Lack Core Protein but Contain a 22-kDa Precore Protein without C-terminal Arginine-rich Domain." Journal of Biological Chemistry 280, no. 23 (2005): 21713–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m501564200.

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DNA-negative Dane particles have been observed in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected sera. The capsids of the empty particles are thought to be composed of core protein but have not been studied in detail. In the present study, the protein composition of the particles was examined using new enzyme immunoassays for the HBV core antigen (HBcAg) and for the HBV precore/core proteins (core-related antigens, HBcrAg). HBcrAg were abundant in fractions slightly less dense than HBcAg and HBV DNA. Three times more Dane-like particles were observed in the HBcrAg-rich fraction than in the HBV DNA-rich frac

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16

Li, Tian-Cheng, Naokazu Takeda, Tatsuo Miyamura, et al. "Essential Elements of the Capsid Protein for Self-Assembly into Empty Virus-Like Particles of Hepatitis E Virus." Journal of Virology 79, no. 20 (2005): 12999–3006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.20.12999-13006.2005.

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ABSTRACT Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a noncultivable virus that causes acute liver failure in humans. The virus's major capsid protein is encoded by an open reading frame 2 (ORF2) gene. When the recombinant protein consisting of amino acid (aa) residues 112 to 660 of ORF2 is expressed with a recombinant baculovirus, the protein self-assembles into virus-like particles (VLPs) (T.-C. Li, Y. Yamakawa, K. Suzuki, M. Tatsumi, M. A. Razak, T. Uchida, N. Takeda, and T. Miyamura, J. Virol. 71:7207-7213, 1997). VLPs can be found in the culture medium of infected Tn5 cells but not in that of Sf9 cells, a

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17

Yuste-Calvo, Carmen, Pablo Ibort, Flora Sánchez, and Fernando Ponz. "Turnip Mosaic Virus Coat Protein Deletion Mutants Allow Defining Dispensable Protein Domains for ‘in Planta’ eVLP Formation." Viruses 12, no. 6 (2020): 661. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12060661.

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The involvement of different structural domains of the coat protein (CP) of turnip mosaic virus, a potyvirus, in establishing and/or maintaining particle assembly was analyzed through deletion mutants of the protein. In order to identify exclusively those domains involved in protein–protein interactions within the particle, the analysis was performed by agroinfiltration “in planta”, followed by the assessment of CP accumulation in leaves and the assembly of virus-like particles lacking nucleic acids, also known as empty virus-like particles (eVLP). Thus, the interactions involving viral RNA co

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18

Villanueva-Flores, Francisca, Ana Ruth Pastor, Laura A. Palomares, and Alejandro Huerta-Saquero. "A Novel Formulation of Asparaginase Encapsulated into Virus-like Particles of Brome Mosaic Virus: In Vitro and In Vivo Evidence." Pharmaceutics 15, no. 9 (2023): 2260. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics15092260.

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The interest in plant-derived virus-like particles (pVLPs) for the design of a new generation of nanocarriers is based on their lack of infection for humans, their immunostimulatory properties to fight cancer cells, and their capability to contain and release cargo molecules. Asparaginase (ASNase) is an FDA-approved drug to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia (LLA); however, it exhibits high immunogenicity which often leads to discontinuation of treatment. In previous work, we encapsulated ASNase into bacteriophage P22-based VLPs through genetic-directed design to form the ASNase-P22 nanobiorea

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19

Granato, Marisa, Regina Feederle, Antonella Farina, et al. "Deletion of Epstein-Barr Virus BFLF2 Leads to Impaired Viral DNA Packaging and Primary Egress as Well as to the Production of Defective Viral Particles." Journal of Virology 82, no. 8 (2008): 4042–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02436-07.

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ABSTRACT Previous genetic and biochemical studies performed with several members of the Alphaherpesvirus subfamily have shown that the UL31 and UL34 proteins are essential components of the molecular machinery that mediates the primary egress of newly assembled capsids across the nuclear membrane. Further, there is substantial evidence that BFLF2 and BFRF1, the respective positional homologs of UL31 and UL34 in the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) genome, are also their functional homologs, i.e., that the UL31/UL34 pathway is common to distant herpesviruses. However, the low degree of protein sequence

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20

Bertioli, D. J., R. D. Harris, M. L. Edwards, J. I. Cooper, and W. S. Hawes. "Transgenic Plants and Insect Cells Expressing the Coat Protein of Arabis Mosaic Virus Produce Empty Virus-like Particles." Journal of General Virology 72, no. 8 (1991): 1801–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/0022-1317-72-8-1801.

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21

Klut, M. Emilia, and John G. Stockner. "Virus-Like Particles in an Ultra-Oligotrophic Lake on Vancouver Island, British Columbia." Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, no. 4 (1990): 725–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f90-082.

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Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) seasonal studies of concentrated water samples from Sproat Lake, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, revealed numerous polygonal virus-like particles of variable size (60–200 nm). These particles (ca. 107/mL) were either free-living or associated with host picoplankters. Negative staining of living samples provides clear evidence of early stages of phage–picoplankton interactions. These phages display a six-sided head (ca. 90 nm dia.) with a distinct appendage (ca. 200 nm) or striated tail (ca. 130 nm). Viruses with dense matrices, deprived of envelopes o

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22

Kim, Hyun-Soon, Jae-Heung Jeon, Kyung Jin Lee, and Kisung Ko. "N-Glycosylation Modification of Plant-Derived Virus-Like Particles: An Application in Vaccines." BioMed Research International 2014 (2014): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/249519.

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Plants have been developed as an alternative system to mammalian cells for production of recombinant prophylactic or therapeutic proteins for human and animal use. Effective plant expression systems for recombinant proteins have been established with the optimal combination of gene expression regulatory elements and control of posttranslational processing of recombinant glycoproteins. In plant, virus-like particles (VLPs), viral “empty shells” which maintain the same structural characteristics of virions but are genome-free, are considered extremely promising as vaccine platforms and therapeut

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23

Ren, Yupeng, Sek-Man Wong, and Lee-Yong Lim. "In vitro-reassembled plant virus-like particles for loading of polyacids." Journal of General Virology 87, no. 9 (2006): 2749–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.81944-0.

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The coat protein (CP) of certain plant viruses may reassemble into empty virus-like particles (VLPs) and these protein cages may serve as potential drug delivery platforms. In this paper, the production of novel VLPs from the Hibiscus chlorotic ringspot virus (HCRSV) is reported and the capacity to load foreign materials was characterized. VLPs were readily produced by destabilizing the HCRSV in 8 M urea or Tris buffer pH 8, in the absence of calcium ions, followed by removal of viral RNA by ultrahigh-speed centrifugation and the reassembly of the CP in sodium acetate buffer pH 5. The loading

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24

Sakaguchi, Takemasa, Atsushi Kato, Fumihiro Sugahara, et al. "AIP1/Alix Is a Binding Partner of Sendai Virus C Protein and Facilitates Virus Budding." Journal of Virology 79, no. 14 (2005): 8933–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.14.8933-8941.2005.

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ABSTRACT The C protein, an accessory protein of Sendai virus (SeV), has anti-interferon capacity and suppresses viral RNA synthesis. In addition, it is thought that the C protein is involved in virus budding because of the low efficiency of release of progeny virions from C-knockout virus-infected cells and because of the requirement of the C protein for efficient release of virus-like particles. Here, we identified AIP1/Alix, a host protein involved in apoptosis and endosomal membrane trafficking, as an interacting partner of the C protein using a yeast two-hybrid system. The amino terminus o

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25

Patient, Romuald, Christophe Hourioux, Pierre-Yves Sizaret, Sylvie Trassard, Camille Sureau, and Philippe Roingeard. "Hepatitis B Virus Subviral Envelope Particle Morphogenesis and Intracellular Trafficking." Journal of Virology 81, no. 8 (2007): 3842–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.02741-06.

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ABSTRACT Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is unusual in that its surface proteins (small [S], medium, and large [L]) are not only incorporated into the virion envelope but they also bud into empty subviral particles in great excess over virions. The morphogenesis of these subviral envelope particles remains unclear, but the S protein is essential and sufficient for budding. We show here that, in contrast to the presumed model, the HBV subviral particle formed by the S protein self-assembles into branched filaments in the lumen of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). These long filaments are then folded and

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26

Strugała, Aleksander, Jakub Jagielski, Karol Kamel, et al. "Virus-Like Particles Produced Using the Brome Mosaic Virus Recombinant Capsid Protein Expressed in a Bacterial System." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 6 (2021): 3098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms22063098.

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Virus-like particles (VLPs), due to their nanoscale dimensions, presence of interior cavities, self-organization abilities and responsiveness to environmental changes, are of interest in the field of nanotechnology. Nevertheless, comprehensive knowledge of VLP self-assembly principles is incomplete. VLP formation is governed by two types of interactions: protein–cargo and protein–protein. These interactions can be modulated by the physicochemical properties of the surroundings. Here, we used brome mosaic virus (BMV) capsid protein produced in an E. coli expression system to study the impact of

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27

Li, Tian-Cheng, Kumiko Yoshimatsu, Shumpei P. Yasuda, et al. "Characterization of self-assembled virus-like particles of rat hepatitis E virus generated by recombinant baculoviruses." Journal of General Virology 92, no. 12 (2011): 2830–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.034835-0.

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Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a causative agent of hepatitis E. Recently, a novel hepatitis E-like virus was isolated from Norway rats in Germany. However, the antigenicity, pathogenicity and epidemiology of this virus are unclear because of the lack of a cell-culture system in which to grow it. In this study, an N-terminally truncated ORF2 protein was expressed in insect Tn5 cells using a recombinant baculovirus expression system and a large amount of 53 kDa protein was expressed and efficiently released into the supernatant. Electron microscopic analyses of the purified 53 kDa protein revealed

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28

Zamani-Babgohari, Mahbobeh, Kathleen L. Hefferon, Tsu Huang, and Mounir G. AbouHaidar. "How Computational Epitope Mapping Identifies the Interactions between Nanoparticles Derived from Papaya Mosaic Virus Capsid Proteins and Immune System." Current Genomics 20, no. 3 (2019): 214–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1389202920666190527080230.

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Анотація:

Background: Nanoparticles derived from plant viruses possess fascinating structures, versatile functions and safe properties, rendering them valuable for a variety of applications. Papaya mosaic Virus-Like Particles (VLPs) are nanoparticles that contain a repetitive number of virus capsid proteins (PMV-CP) and are considered to be promising platforms for vaccine design. Previous studies have reported the antigenicity of PMV nanoparticles in mammalian systems. Materials and Methods: As experiments that concern vaccine development require careful design and can be time consuming, computational e

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29

Srivastava, Vartika, Kripa N. Nand, Aijaz Ahmad, and Ravinder Kumar. "Yeast-Based Virus-like Particles as an Emerging Platform for Vaccine Development and Delivery." Vaccines 11, no. 2 (2023): 479. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020479.

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Анотація:

Virus-like particles (VLPs) are empty, nanoscale structures morphologically resembling viruses. Internal cavity, noninfectious, and particulate nature with a high density of repeating epitopes, make them an ideal platform for vaccine development and drug delivery. Commercial use of Gardasil-9 and Cervarix showed the usefulness of VLPs in vaccine formulation. Further, chimeric VLPs allow the raising of an immune response against different immunogens and thereby can help reduce the generation of medical or clinical waste. The economically viable production of VLPs significantly impacts their usa

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30

Li, Tian-Cheng, Jing Zhang, Haruhide Shinzawa, et al. "Empty virus-like particle-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for antibodies to hepatitis E virus." Journal of Medical Virology 62, no. 3 (2000): 327–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/1096-9071(200011)62:3<327::aid-jmv4>3.0.co;2-1.

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31

Kerstetter-Fogle, Shukla, Wang, et al. "Plant Virus-Like Particle In Situ Vaccine for Intracranial Glioma Immunotherapy." Cancers 11, no. 4 (2019): 515. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers11040515.

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Despite aggressive multi-modality treatment with surgery, radiation and chemotherapies, malignant glioma inevitably recurs and has dismal survival rates. Recent progress in immunotherapy has led to a resurgence of interest, and immunotherapies are being investigated for treatment of glioma. However, the unique brain anatomy and a highly immunosuppressive glioma microenvironment pose significant challenges to achieving efficacy. Thus, there is a critical need for assessment of next-generation immunotherapies for glioma. In this study, we have investigated the efficacy of the nanoparticle platfo

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32

Goldmann, Claudia, Harald Petry, Stephan Frye, et al. "Molecular Cloning and Expression of Major Structural Protein VP1 of the Human Polyomavirus JC Virus: Formation of Virus-Like Particles Useful for Immunological and Therapeutic Studies." Journal of Virology 73, no. 5 (1999): 4465–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.73.5.4465-4469.1999.

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ABSTRACT The major structural viral protein, VP1, of the human polyomavirus JC virus (JCV), the causative agent of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), was expressed by using recombinant baculoviruses. Recombinant VP1 formed virus-like particles (VLP) with the typical morphology of empty JCV capsids. Purified VP1 VLP bind to SVG, B, and T cells, as well as to monkey kidney cells. After binding, VP1 VLP were also internalized with high efficiency and transported to the nucleus. Immunization studies revealed these particles as highly immunogenic when administered with adjuvant, whil

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33

Rieser, Ruth, Johanna Koch, Greta Faccioli, et al. "Comparison of Different Liquid Chromatography-Based Purification Strategies for Adeno-Associated Virus Vectors." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 5 (2021): 748. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13050748.

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Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors have evolved as one of the most promising technologies for gene therapy due to their good safety profile, high transduction efficacy, and long-term gene expression in nondividing cells. rAAV-based gene therapy holds great promise for treating genetic disorders like inherited blindness, muscular atrophy, or bleeding disorders. There is a high demand for efficient and scalable production and purification methods for rAAVs. This is particularly true for the downstream purification methods. The current standard methods are based on multiple steps o

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Dalba, Charlotte, Bertrand Bellier, Noriyuki Kasahara, and David Klatzmann. "Replication-competent Vectors and Empty Virus-like Particles: New Retroviral Vector Designs for Cancer Gene Therapy or Vaccines." Molecular Therapy 15, no. 3 (2007): 457–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.mt.6300054.

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Chen, Chao, Joseph Che-Yen Wang, Elizabeth E. Pierson та ін. "Importin β Can Bind Hepatitis B Virus Core Protein and Empty Core-Like Particles and Induce Structural Changes". PLOS Pathogens 12, № 8 (2016): e1005802. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1005802.

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Weerachatyanukul, Wattana, Pauline Kiatmetha, Ponlawoot Raksat, et al. "Viral Capsid Change upon Encapsulation of Double-Stranded DNA into an Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Necrosis Virus-like Particle." Viruses 15, no. 1 (2022): 110. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15010110.

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In this study, we aimed to encapsulate the sizable double-stranded DNA (dsDNA, 3.9 kbp) into a small-sized infectious hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis virus-like particle (IHHNV-VLP; T = 1) and compared the changes in capsid structure between dsDNA-filled VLP and empty VLP. Based on our encapsulation protocol, IHHNV-VLP was able to load dsDNA at an efficiency of 30–40% (w/w) into its cavity. Structural analysis revealed two subclasses of IHHNV-VLP, so-called empty and dsDNA-filled VLPs. The three-dimensional (3D) structure of the empty VLP produced in E. coli was similar to that of the em

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Duran-Meza, A. L., M. V. Villagrana-Escareño, J. Ruiz-García, C. M. Knobler, and W. M. Gelbart. "Controlling the surface charge of simple viruses." PLOS ONE 16, no. 9 (2021): e0255820. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255820.

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The vast majority of plant viruses are unenveloped, i.e., they lack a lipid bilayer that is characteristic of most animal viruses. The interactions between plant viruses, and between viruses and surfaces, properties that are essential for understanding their infectivity and to their use as bionanomaterials, are largely controlled by their surface charge, which depends on pH and ionic strength. They may also depend on the charge of their contents, i.e., of their genes or–in the instance of virus-like particles–encapsidated cargo such as nucleic acid molecules, nanoparticles or drugs. In the cas

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Depta, Philipp Nicolas, Maksym Dosta, Wolfgang Wenzel, Mariana Kozlowska, and Stefan Heinrich. "Hierarchical Coarse-Grained Strategy for Macromolecular Self-Assembly: Application to Hepatitis B Virus-Like Particles." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 23, no. 23 (2022): 14699. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms232314699.

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Macromolecular self-assembly is at the basis of many phenomena in material and life sciences that find diverse applications in technology. One example is the formation of virus-like particles (VLPs) that act as stable empty capsids used for drug delivery or vaccine fabrication. Similarly to the capsid of a virus, VLPs are protein assemblies, but their structural formation, stability, and properties are not fully understood, especially as a function of the protein modifications. In this work, we present a data-driven modeling approach for capturing macromolecular self-assembly on scales beyond

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Li, Haozhou, Aldo Dekker, Shiqi Sun, Alison Burman, Jeroen Kortekaas, and Michiel M. Harmsen. "Novel Capsid-Specific Single-Domain Antibodies with Broad Foot-and-Mouth Disease Strain Recognition Reveal Differences in Antigenicity of Virions, Empty Capsids, and Virus-Like Particles." Vaccines 9, no. 6 (2021): 620. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vaccines9060620.

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Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccine efficacy is mainly determined by the content of intact virions (146S) and empty capsids (75S). Both particles may dissociate into 12S subunits upon vaccine manufacturing, formulation, and storage, reducing vaccine potency. We report the isolation of capsid-specific llama single-domain antibodies (VHHs) with broad strain recognition that can be used to quantify intact capsids in FMD vaccines by double antibody sandwich (DAS) ELISA. One capsid-specific VHH displayed remarkably broad strain reactivity, recognizing 14 strains representing the 13 most important

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40

Silvestri, Lynn S., M. Alejandra Tortorici, Rodrigo Vasquez-Del Carpio, and John T. Patton. "Rotavirus Glycoprotein NSP4 Is a Modulator of Viral Transcription in the Infected Cell." Journal of Virology 79, no. 24 (2005): 15165–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.79.24.15165-15174.2005.

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ABSTRACT The outer shell of the rotavirus triple-layered virion is lost during cell entry, yielding a double-layered particle (DLP) that directs synthesis of viral plus-strand RNAs. The plus-strand RNAs act as templates for synthesis of the segmented double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) genome in viral inclusion bodies (viroplasms). The viral endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-resident glycoprotein NSP4 recruits progeny DLPs formed in viroplasms to the ER, where the particles are converted to triple-layered particles (TLPs) via budding. In this study, we have used short interfering RNAs to probe the role of NS

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Mani, Bernhard, Claudia Baltzer, Noelia Valle, José M. Almendral, Christoph Kempf, and Carlos Ros. "Low pH-Dependent Endosomal Processing of the Incoming Parvovirus Minute Virus of Mice Virion Leads to Externalization of the VP1 N-Terminal Sequence (N-VP1), N-VP2 Cleavage, and Uncoating of the Full-Length Genome." Journal of Virology 80, no. 2 (2006): 1015–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.80.2.1015-1024.2006.

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ABSTRACT Minute virus of mice (MVM) enters the host cell via receptor-mediated endocytosis. Although endosomal processing is required, its role remains uncertain. In particular, the effect of low endosomal pH on capsid configuration and nuclear delivery of the viral genome is unclear. We have followed the progression and structural transitions of DNA full-virus capsids (FC) and empty capsids (EC) containing the VP1 and VP2 structural proteins and of VP2-only virus-like particles (VLP) during the endosomal trafficking. Three capsid rearrangements were detected in FC: externalization of the VP1

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Sokullu, Esen, Hoda Soleymani Abyaneh, and Marc A. Gauthier. "Plant/Bacterial Virus-Based Drug Discovery, Drug Delivery, and Therapeutics." Pharmaceutics 11, no. 5 (2019): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics11050211.

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Viruses have recently emerged as promising nanomaterials for biotechnological applications. One of the most important applications of viruses is phage display, which has already been employed to identify a broad range of potential therapeutic peptides and antibodies, as well as other biotechnologically relevant polypeptides (including protease inhibitors, minimizing proteins, and cell/organ targeting peptides). Additionally, their high stability, easily modifiable surface, and enormous diversity in shape and size, distinguish viruses from synthetic nanocarriers used for drug delivery. Indeed,

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Saunders, Keith, Frank Sainsbury, and George P. Lomonossoff. "Efficient generation of cowpea mosaicvirus empty virus-like particles by the proteolytic processing of precursors in insect cells and plants." Virology 393, no. 2 (2009): 329–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2009.08.023.

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Sakaguchi, Takemasa, Tsuneo Uchiyama, Cheng Huang, et al. "Alteration of Sendai Virus Morphogenesis and Nucleocapsid Incorporation due to Mutation of Cysteine Residues of the Matrix Protein." Journal of Virology 76, no. 4 (2002): 1682–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.76.4.1682-1690.2002.

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ABSTRACT The matrix (M) protein of Sendai virus (SeV) has five cysteine residues, at positions 83, 106, 158, 251, and 295. To determine the roles of the cysteine residues in viral assembly, we generated mutant M cDNA possessing a substitution to serine at one of the cysteine residues or at all of the cysteine residues. Some mutant M proteins were unstable when expressed in cultured cells, suggesting that cysteine residues affect protein stability, probably by disrupting the proper conformation. In an attempt to generate virus from cDNA, SeV M-C83S, SeV M-C106S, and SeV M-C295S were successfull

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45

de Souza, Theo Luiz Ferraz, Sheila Maria Barbosa de Lima, Vanessa L. de Azevedo Braga, et al. "Charge neutralization as the major factor for the assembly of nucleocapsid-like particles from C-terminal truncated hepatitis C virus core protein." PeerJ 4 (November 9, 2016): e2670. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2670.

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BackgroundHepatitis C virus (HCV) core protein, in addition to its structural role to form the nucleocapsid assembly, plays a critical role in HCV pathogenesis by interfering in several cellular processes, including microRNA and mRNA homeostasis. The C-terminal truncated HCV core protein (C124) is intrinsically unstructured in solution and is able to interact with unspecific nucleic acids, in the micromolar range, and to assemble into nucleocapsid-like particles (NLPs)in vitro. The specificity and propensity of C124 to the assembly and its implications on HCV pathogenesis are not well understo

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Castón, José R., Jorge L. Martı́nez-Torrecuadrada, Antonio Maraver, et al. "C Terminus of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus Major Capsid Protein VP2 Is Involved in Definition of the T Number for Capsid Assembly." Journal of Virology 75, no. 22 (2001): 10815–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.75.22.10815-10828.2001.

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ABSTRACT Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a member of the Birnaviridae family, is a double-stranded RNA virus. The IBDV capsid is formed by two major structural proteins, VP2 and VP3, which assemble to form a T=13 markedly nonspherical capsid. During viral infection, VP2 is initially synthesized as a precursor, called VPX, whose C end is proteolytically processed to the mature form during capsid assembly. We have computed three-dimensional maps of IBDV capsid and virus-like particles built up by VP2 alone by using electron cryomicroscopy and image-processing techniques. The IBDV single-

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Kruglova, N. A., D. S. Komkov, D. V. Mazurov, and M. V. Shepelev. "The RRE-REV module has no effect on the packaging efficiency of cas9 and Gag proteins into nanomedic virus-like particles." Доклады Российской академии наук. Науки о жизни 515, no. 2 (2024): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s2686738924020121.

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Delivery of ribonucleoprotein complexes of Cas9 nuclease and guide RNA into target cells with virus-like particles (VLP) is one of the novel methods of genome editing, suitable for gene therapy of human diseases in the future. Efficiency of genome editing with VLPs depends on the packaging of Cas9 into VLPs, that is mediated by viral Gag protein. To increase the packaging of Cas9 into NanoMEDIC system VLPs plasmid constructs for expression of Cas9 and Gag were modified by the addition of HIV RRE (Rev response element), that is expected to increase the nuclear export of RRE-containing transcrip

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Cao, Yimei, Zengjun Lu, Jiachuan Sun, et al. "Synthesis of empty capsid-like particles of Asia I foot-and-mouth disease virus in insect cells and their immunogenicity in guinea pigs." Veterinary Microbiology 137, no. 1-2 (2009): 10–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.vetmic.2008.12.007.

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Werr, Margaret, and Reinhild Prange. "Role for Calnexin and N-Linked Glycosylation in the Assembly and Secretion of Hepatitis B Virus Middle Envelope Protein Particles." Journal of Virology 72, no. 1 (1998): 778–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jvi.72.1.778-782.1998.

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ABSTRACT Unlike those of the S and the L envelope proteins, the functional role of the related M protein in the life cycle of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) is less understood. We now demonstrate that a single N glycan, specific for M, is required for efficient secretion of M empty envelope particles. Moreover, this glycan mediates specific association of M with the chaperone calnexin. Conversely, the N glycan, common to all three envelope proteins, is involved neither in calnexin binding nor in subviral particle release. As proper folding and trafficking of M need the assistance of the chaperone

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Valdivia, Guillermo, Daniel Alonso-Miguel, Maria Dolores Perez-Alenza, et al. "Neoadjuvant Intratumoral Immunotherapy with Cowpea Mosaic Virus Induces Local and Systemic Antitumor Efficacy in Canine Mammary Cancer Patients." Cells 12, no. 18 (2023): 2241. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells12182241.

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The lack of optimal models to evaluate novel agents is delaying the development of effective immunotherapies against human breast cancer (BC). In this prospective open label study, we applied neoadjuvant intratumoral immunotherapy with empty cowpea mosaic virus-like particles (eCPMV) to 11 companion dogs diagnosed with canine mammary cancer (CMC), a spontaneous tumor resembling human BC. We found that two neoadjuvant intratumoral eCPMV injections resulted in tumor reduction in injected tumors in all patients and in noninjected tumors located in the ipsilateral and contralateral mammary chains

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