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1
Khatter, Ajay, Michael McGrath, Joanne Pyke, Leanne White, and Leonie Lockstone-Binney. "Analysis of hotels’ environmentally sustainable policies and practices." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 31, no. 6 (June 10, 2019): 2394–410. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-08-2018-0670.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
PurposeThis paper aims to present the findings of an analysis of the environmentally sustainable policies and practices (ESPPs) used by independent and chain-affiliated hotels. The study aimed to ascertain the engagement of hotels with ESPPs and provide tentative evidence of their commitment towards meeting the expectations of environmentally conscious stakeholders.Design/methodology/approachThis study used secondary data and content analysis to examine the ESPPs of a sample of 220 hotels in Melbourne, Australia. A systematic review was conducted of hotel websites to reveal, in a tabulated way, the range of reporting of environmental material provided by various rated hotels.FindingsThis analysis suggests that environmentally friendly business practices are prominently displayed by the hotels sampled; however, independent non-chain affiliated hotels are yet to adopt ESPPs in any visible way.Originality/valueThis study was broadly informed by stakeholder theory (Freeman, 1984) and aimed to ascertain the engagement of hotels with ESPPs. While previous studies have focussed on chain hotels, this research involved a greater range of hotels of different profiles to highlight the mix of ESPPs across the hotel sector. Rather than merely examining the corporate websites of hotel companies, the research additionally examined ESPPs at the individual hotel property level, as this is where policies are implemented into practice. The extant literature to date has not studied the extent to which ESPPs are adopted by independent and chain-affiliated hotels at this level, and it is this research gap that the study addresses.
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Pissin, Annika. "Digital welfare for children in China: Human needs and sustainability." Critical Social Policy 40, no. 4 (July 2, 2019): 505–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0261018319858569.
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This article examines the potential of digital welfare policies and practices to enhance the wellbeing of children in China, and the congruencies and contradictions of such policies with sustainable welfare. Can child welfare be supported digitally in ways that are not environmentally destructive? The rapidly diffusing concepts of digital welfare and sustainable welfare are presented, emphasising aspects of precarity, connectivity, surveillance, polarisation and environmental degradation. The context of child welfare and digital welfare policies in China is outlined and considered from the perspective of sustainable welfare. Given the underlying contradictions between digital welfare and sustainable welfare, and the inconsistencies between practices associated with these policy fields, the prospects of applying digital welfare policies to achieve sustainable wellbeing of children, in China and elsewhere, are deemed problematic.
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İlker Kolak, O., Orhan Feyzioğlu, Ş. İlker Birbil, Nilay Noyan, and Semih Yalçindağ. "Using emission functions in modeling environmentally sustainable traffic assignment policies." Journal of Industrial & Management Optimization 9, no. 2 (2013): 341–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/jimo.2013.9.341.
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Lubell, Mark, Richard Feiock, and Susan Handy. "City Adoption of Environmentally Sustainable Policies in California's Central Valley." Journal of the American Planning Association 75, no. 3 (June 30, 2009): 293–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01944360902952295.
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Sehrawat, Rasna, and Anshu Mathur. "Environmentally Responsible Behaviour for a Sustainable Future." BSSS Journal of Education 10, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 21–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.51767/je1002.
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Humans are the only species on the planet Earth who do not contribute in the natural environmental cycle but has always been the exploiter of the limited resources. Tecer (2007) told that Environmental deterioration, extinction, or pollution in many vital earth systems, such as air, water, soil, forest, and biological diversity have required countries to develop policies for protecting and developing the earth and promoting global cooperation on these issues. Atasoy (2005) concluded in his study that Environmental problems have become globalized and have reached the stage where they present a threat to life on Earth. This situation has led to the review of people's relationships with nature, their attitudes and behaviors towards the environment, the duties and responsibilities assumed by the individual towards nature, and the redefinition of ecological culture and environmental awareness. It is imperative to be Environmentally Responsible in the present scenario where awareness on the effect of responsible behavior already exists in abundance through media, curriculum, and social activities.
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KURIYAMA, Kazuyuki, Cui DONGHAI, Hirokazu KATO, and Yoshitsugu HAYASHI. "Bottlenecks in Process for Implementing Environmentally Sustainable Transport Policies in Japan." Proceedings of the Symposium on Global Environment 11 (2003): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/proge.11.259.
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Khan, Mayen, Zainab Bibi, and Ammarah Ahmed. "PRO-ENVIRONMENTAL BEHAVIOR OF FRONTLINE EMPLOYEES IN TOURISM INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN." Journal of Social Research Development 3, no. 02 (December 25, 2022): 143–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.53664/jsrd/03-02-2022-03-143-159.
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The organizational and institutional influence on environmental well-being depends largely on its employee’s potential to act in the pro-environmental manner. The addition of sustainable environmentally concerned polices in the organization’s policies is essential. Green or environmentally concerned policies are rapidly emerging and compelling organizations to participate in green activities. Pro-environmental behavior can help the organizations to adapt to and makes it able mitigate prevailing climate problems. This study seeks to thoroughly investigate role of following variables, which includes environmental attitudes, environmental knowledge, and pro-environmental psychological climate (PEPC) in fostering Pro-environmental behavior. The sample of study comprised tour operators and tourist guides. The survey’s responses (n=232) were collected from a population (N) of 409. Data were collated via an online questionnaire and analyzed using SPSS and PROCESS macro. The results showed that EA, EK, and PEPC positively influenced PEB of tour operators and tourist guides. Further, PEPC positively moderated the EA-PEB and EK-PEEB relationships. The study offers several theoretical and practical insights.
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Darmawan, Dhywa, Wustari Larasati Mangundjaya, and Herdis Herdiansyah. "In searching the appropriate elements: study on the community’s environmental friendly behavior in daily activities to achieve an urban sustainability." E3S Web of Conferences 74 (2018): 08003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20187408003.
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Environmentally friendly behavior has become an important part in achieving sustainable city. However, the implementation of environmentally friendly behavior in daily activities tends to get low participation. Therefore, this study aims to find out the factors that influence a person to behave in an environmentally friendly manner, especially from social and psychological aspects. This study using literature review and weighting based pairwise comparison as a method. Our study concluded, there are four groups of factors that influence the community in implementing environmental friendly behaviors, namely: internal factor (environmental knowledge and attitude), external factor (support from the government in providing environmental education, public facilities, and establish environmental policies and regulations), socio-demographic factor, and situational factor (financial aspects and the availability of good facilities/green product). Furthermore, external factors (such as government support in providing environmental education and public facilities) is the factor that most influence environmentally friendly behavior and also as a key factor in achieving a sustainable city.
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Kailis, Alexandros. "Pursuing Environmentally Sustainable Public Policies and Economic Activities: The EU Taxonomy Regulation." International Journal of Environmental Protection and Policy 9, no. 6 (2021): 130. http://dx.doi.org/10.11648/j.ijepp.20210906.11.
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Khanna, P. "Policy options for environmentally sound technology in India." Water Science and Technology 33, no. 3 (February 1, 1996): 131–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1996.0065.
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The emergence of the concept of sustainable development in recent years has brought in the general realisation that societal perceptions must shift towards ecological determinism so as to achieve qualitative growth within the limits of the ecosystem's carrying capacity. The carrying capacity based planning process, innovative technologies for enhanced material and energy effectivity of production and consumption, structural economic change towards less resource-intensive sectors, and preventive environmental management through increasingly interventionist policies are some of the strategies for reconciling developmental goals with ecological capabilities. The paper analyzes existing and future environmental issues emanating from developmental objectives and policies in population, agriculture and forestry, energy, industry and human settlement sectors in India and suggests an agenda for action, with focus on environmentally sound technology, to ensure discernible positive movement towards the overall aspirational goal of sustainable development. It argues for a dynamic policy framework for environmental management in which the time lag between problem awareness, technological solution and remedial action is minimized through anticipation and prevention of environmental problems that may arise as a consequence of decisions taken within various sectors of the economy; restoration of environmental quality wherever necessary; structural changes in the economy; and inter-policy coordination.
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McLaren, Duncan. "“Action for cities” and the urban environment." Local Economy: The Journal of the Local Economy Policy Unit 4, no. 2 (August 1989): 99–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02690948908725981.
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Government inner city policy has failed to solve problems of unemployment, dereliction, homelessness and social stress. The problems and their possible solutions are linked to environmental problems and the need for environmentally sustainable development in urban areas. Government policy on these issues is incoherent, and existing policies under ‘Action for Cities’ will not reverse current trends of environmental degradation.
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Umehruo, C. H., O. A. Owolabi, B. Aderounmu, M. O. Rotimi, and E. S. Osabuohien. "Environmentally sustainable socio-economic welfare and agricultural employment: evidence from ECOWAS." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 993, no. 1 (March 1, 2022): 012006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/993/1/012006.
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Abstract Environmental sustainability considerations in socio-economic welfare has been argued in recent welfare literature. With an emphasis on the role of agricultural employment, this present study explores environmentally sustainable socio-economic welfare in ECOWAS, which features countries abundant in agriculture resources, although with low levels of socio-economic welfare and low carbon emissions. The study utilises a balanced panel data set of observations in respect of all fifteen ECOWAS countries over the period of 2010 to 2019. The Human Sustainable Development Index (HSDI) was used to measure environmentally sustainable socio-economic welfare. On the other hand, agricultural employment was measured using the percentage of the employed population earning their livelihoods from agricultural employment. Panel data fixed effects estimation was used to estimate the model for the study, and the findings were that agricultural employment had a significant adverse influence on environmentally sustainable socio-economic welfare as measured by HSDI, while a further comparison of the findings with that of welfare measured using HDI indicated that agricultural employment also adversely affected HDI. The study recommends that socio-economic welfare be assessed from the view point of environmental sustainability, and the governments of ECOWAS member countries provide strong governance including strong laws and policies to ensure that socio-economic welfare that is environmentally sustainable is realised as abundant agricultural resources as well as agricultural employment are well managed.
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Wang, Lijie, and Jianjun Lu. "Analysis of the Social Welfare Effect of Environmental Regulation Policy Based on a Market Structure Perspective and Consumer." Sustainability 12, no. 1 (December 21, 2019): 104. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010104.
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With the implementation of regulatory policies, some new problems are emerging, such as uneven governance effects, large differences in economic growth, and social welfare inequalities. In order to promote the sustainable development of both the economy and the environment, it is necessary to provide theoretical explanations for the above phenomena. Thus, this paper constructs a theoretical model of social welfare effects based on the Cournot model. Additionally, the scenario analysis method is used to analyze the social welfare effects of environmental control policies from the perspective of market structure and consumer preferences. The findings of the scenario analysis are as follows: (1) the social welfare effect of environmental subsidy policy is greater than the social welfare effect of environmental tax policy when the absolute difference between the external value of environmentally friendly goods and non-environmental goods is less than 7.4 units and (2) the implementation of environmental subsidy policies or environmental tax policies will improve social welfare when the market structure is a completely competitive market and when both of the externalities of environmentally friendly commodities and non-environmental commodities are not the same at intervals (0, 0.335) and (−0.335, 0). We conclude that (1) the government should consider externalities, market powers, and consumer preferences when implementing environmental regulation policies and (2) the government can achieve a trend toward the development of environmentally friendly goods by guiding consumer preferences and harnessing market power.
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Magdolen, Miriam, Sascha von Behren, Lukas Burger, and Bastian Chlond. "Mobility Styles and Car Ownership—Potentials for a Sustainable Urban Transport." Sustainability 13, no. 5 (March 9, 2021): 2968. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13052968.
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Decision-makers in cities worldwide have the responsibility to contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions in urban transport. Therefore, effective measures and policies that allow for a change in people’s mobility towards sustainable mobility must be derived. To understand how different people respond to measures and policies, and to increase the effectiveness of such policies, individual mobility needs and mobility determinants have to be considered. For this, the definition of individual mobility styles as holistic descriptions considering travel behavior, attitudes, as well as life stages is useful. This study presents a segmentation approach that identifies eight urban mobility styles by using data from a multidimensional survey conducted in Berlin and San Francisco. We applied a cluster analysis with both behavioral and attitudinal characteristics as segmentation criteria. By analyzing the characteristics, we identified a mobility style—the Environmentally Oriented Multimodals—that is environmentally oriented, but not yet all people in this cluster are sustainable in their mobility. Thus, they are the group with the highest potential to accept and use sustainable mobility. Additionally, we found that within the Environmentally Oriented Multimodals, the change from one life stage to another is also likely to be accompanied by a car acquisition.
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Kunhibava, Sherin, Sarah Tan Yen Ling, and Md Khalil Ruslan. "Sustainable Financing and Enhancing the Role of Islamic Banks in Malaysia." Arab Law Quarterly 32, no. 2 (January 25, 2018): 129–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15730255-12322023.
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Abstract Although the banking sector does not directly affect the environment, it can pursue environmentally friendly practices and reduce waste. Moreover, it can promote environmentally sustainable investments and encourage businesses to adopt similar practices. Because Islam encourages preservation and prohibits harm to the earth, Islamic banks are expected to follow such practices in pursuit of Sharīʿah compliance. In Malaysia, Islamic banks have already embarked on this path, mainly by practising conservation in operational matters; however, other areas of sustainable financing have been less enthusiastically pursued. This study recommends a three-level approach: (1) at the banking level, more proactive steps should be taken, e.g. greening operations, introducing environmentally friendly products and services, complying with environmental regulations, creating awareness and training stakeholders; (2) at the national level, the Central Bank should introduce appropriate policies and guidelines; and (3) at an international level, voluntary principles should be adopted to ensure compliance with global initiatives.
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Kindylidi, Iakovina, and Tiago Sérgio Cabral. "Sustainability of AI: The Case of Provision of Information to Consumers." Sustainability 13, no. 21 (November 1, 2021): 12064. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132112064.
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The potential of artificial intelligence (AI) and its manifold applications have fueled the discussion around how AI can be used to facilitate sustainable objectives. However, the technical, ethical, and legal literature on how AI, including its design, training, implementation, and use can be sustainable, is rather limited. At the same time, consumers incrementally pay more attention to sustainability information, whereas businesses are increasingly engaging in greenwashing practices, especially in relation to digital products and services, raising concerns about the efficiency of the existing consumer protection framework in this regard. The objective of this paper is to contribute to the discussion toward sustainable AI from a legal and consumer protection standpoint while focusing on the environmental and societal pillar of sustainability. After analyzing the multidisciplinary literature available on the topic of the environmentally sustainable AI lifecycle, as well as the latest EU policies and initiatives regarding consumer protection and sustainability, we will examine whether the current consumer protection framework is sufficient to promote sharing and substantiation of sustainability information in B2C contracts involving AI products and services. Moreover, we will assess whether AI-related AI initiatives can promote a sustainable AI development. Finally, we will propose a set of recommendations capable of encouraging a sustainable and environmentally-conscious AI lifecycle while enhancing information transparency among stakeholders, aligning the various EU policies and initiatives, and ultimately empowering consumers.
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Yoshino, Daisuke, Akimasa Fujiwara, and Junyi Zhang. "Environmental Efficiency Model Based on Data Envelopment Analysis and Its Application to Environmentally Sustainable Transport Policies." Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2163, no. 1 (January 2010): 112–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/2163-13.
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Black, Jennifer L., Cayley E. Velazquez, Naseam Ahmadi, Gwen E. Chapman, Sarah Carten, Joshua Edward, Stephanie Shulhan, Teya Stephens, and Alejandro Rojas. "Sustainability and public health nutrition at school: assessing the integration of healthy and environmentally sustainable food initiatives in Vancouver schools." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 13 (March 16, 2015): 2379–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015000531.
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AbstractObjectiveTo describe the development and application of the School Food Environment Assessment Tools and a novel scoring system to assess the integration of healthy and environmentally sustainable food initiatives in elementary and secondary schools.DesignThe cross-sectional study included direct observations of physical food environments and interviews with key school personnel regarding food-related programmes and policies. A five-point scoring system was then developed to assess actions across six domains: (i) food gardens; (ii) composting systems; (iii) food preparation activities; (iv) food-related teaching and learning activities; and availability of (v) healthy food; and (vi) environmentally sustainable food.SettingVancouver, Canada.SubjectsA purposive sample of public schools (n33) from all six sectors of the Vancouver Board of Education.ResultsSchools scored highest in the areas of food garden and compost system development and use. Regular integration of food-related teaching and learning activities and hands-on food preparation experiences were also commonly reported. Most schools demonstrated rudimentary efforts to make healthy and environmentally sustainable food choices available, but in general scored lowest on these two domains. Moreover, no schools reported widespread initiatives fully supporting availability or integration of healthy or environmentally sustainable foods across campus.ConclusionsMore work is needed in all areas to fully integrate programmes and policies that support healthy, environmentally sustainable food systems in Vancouver schools. The assessment tools and proposed indicators offer a practical approach for researchers, policy makers and school stakeholders to assess school food system environments, identify priority areas for intervention and track relevant changes over time.
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Triantafyllidis, Stavros. "Carbon Dioxide Emissions Research and Sustainable Transportation in the Sports Industry." C 4, no. 4 (October 25, 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/c4040057.
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The sports industry is an institution that has large responsibility toward global environmental pollution. Over the past decade sports organizations have initiated a variety of environmentally sustainable practices. In this paper, the role of research in CO2 emissions generated by the sports industry pursuits is highlighted. This report recommends that strategic management approaches and policy development are required to control this dangerous environmental pollutant. Specifically, proactive sustainable innovations and policies that mandate alternative transportation behaviors are suggested. In conclusion, after reviewing the current literature, it is proposed that sports associations should apply specific practices in sports events with focus on spectators’ mobility choices such as sustainable transportation.
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Tirado-von der Pahlen, M. C., O. S. von Ehrenstein, and M. Mueller. "Health Oriented, Environmentally Sustainable Agriculture Policies: A Key Intervention for a Healthy Future." Epidemiology 18, Suppl (September 2007): S167. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.ede.0000276845.77652.2c.
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Wysokińska, Zofia. "Sustainable Development in the European Union and World Economy-Main Selected Aspects." Comparative Economic Research. Central and Eastern Europe 14, no. 3 (January 13, 2012): 25–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10103-011-0017-z.
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The aim of the paper is to present key theoretical and empirical issues of sustainable development and environmental protection issues from the global and European perspective, with special reference to the implication of this concept for Central and Eastern European members of the EU. Main aspects are discussed in the paper from the EU and global perspective, with special reference to: the global partnership for sustainable development; fighting poverty and promoting social development; sustainable management of natural and environmental resources; trading in greenhouse gas emission allowances; main global and European challenges; goals and challenges facing the European Union member states as stemming from major strategic European Union renewed documents promoting sustainable development; especially promoting consumption and production that is sustainable and environmentally-friendly and green labeling system; a detailed look at "new" environmental policies; with special reference to sustainable transportation; a strategy for the sustainable use of natural resources; preventive strategy (preventing the creation of wastes) and waste recycling; sustainable and competitive tourism.
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Ghouse, Ghulam, Aribah Aslam, and Muhammad Ishaq Bhatti. "The Impact of the Environment, Digital–Social Inclusion, and Institutions on Inclusive Growth: A Conceptual and Empirical Analysis." Energies 15, no. 19 (September 27, 2022): 7098. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en15197098.
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Though the literature on inclusive growth is rich, further well-founded studies are required on the issue of sustainable inclusive growth. This paper seeks to summarize the role of environmental degradation in inclusive growth based on carbon dioxide emissions, and its interaction with factors such as social inclusion, digital inclusion, and institutions. One of the findings derived from the generalized method of moments (GMM) model is that sustainable inclusive growth can be achieved in all three income groups from the global data while focusing on institutional quality, digital inclusion, and social inclusion. Simultaneously, the harmful effects of carbon dioxide emissions can be circumscribed. The major recommendations of this study are that efforts to achieve sustainable inclusive growth should combine mutually reinforcing policies, namely: (i) promoting environmentally focused sustainable inclusive growth with socio-digital inclusivity; (ii) ensuring a strong institutional playing field for achieving inclusive growth; and (iii) strengthening macroeconomic policies, which means controlling inflation, and enhancing trade openness and literacy levels.
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Kadir Jaelani, Abdul, Reza Octavia Kusumaningtyas, and Asron Orsantinutsakul. "The model of mining environment restoration regulation based on Sustainable Development Goals." Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 30, no. 1 (April 23, 2022): 131–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v30i1.20764.
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This article aimed to discuss mining environment restoration regulations. The government has established a number of policies concerning reclamation and post-mining. However, the critical question is whether these policies can ensure the rehabilitation of the mining environment in accordance with sustainable development goals, given the numerous unreclaimed and abandoned mining pits that have resulted in several fatalities. The purpose of this study is to examine reclamation and post-mining management standards in order to reduce the environmental damage caused by mining activities. This normative legal study gathered data from documents examined qualitatively. The data analysis is descriptive-analytic in nature. The study's findings indicate that environmental law enforcement in the mining sector continues to face significant challenges. There is a need to enhance legislation and systems governing mining management. Standardization of reclamation and post-mining management is necessary to offer rules for implementation that suit the needs of the community. It has no adverse effect on the community surrounding the mining location. Licensing is one policy that can apply to implement standardization. Supervising land management following mining, management of waste, and developing policies promote environmentally friendly mining and conservation activities.
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Wu, Wang, and Miao. "Fertilizer Use in China: The Role of Agricultural Support Policies." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (August 13, 2019): 4391. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164391.
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Using a decomposition method, this paper proposes an analytical framework to investigate the mechanisms by which agricultural support policies affect farmers’ use of fertilizers in agriculture in China. The mechanisms are decomposed into “three effects” (structural, scale, and technological effects). It is found that China’s agricultural support polices have significantly contributed to the increased use of agricultural fertilizers through encouraging farmers to bring more land under cultivation (the scale effect). Meanwhile, some policies have also helped reduce fertilizer consumption when farmers were motivated to increase the area of grains crops (the structural effect). The role of technological progress in affecting fertilizer consumption (the technological effect) appears to be minimal and uncertain. Compared to direct subsidies, indirect subsidies play a much greater role in affecting farmers’ production decision making and are more environmentally consequential. This paper argues that some of China’s agricultural support policies are not well aligned with one key objective of the country’s rural policies—improving environmental sustainability. It is recommended that the government takes measures to reform agricultural support policies and to reconcile agricultural and rural policies in order to achieve sustainable rural development.
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Choi, Yongrok. "Challenges of Asian Models and Values for Sustainable Development." Sustainability 11, no. 5 (March 12, 2019): 1497. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11051497.
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Northeast Asia is one of the most dynamic regions in the global economy in its dynamic change in the economic scape as well as in the challenge of environmental issues. In particular, many countries in Asia have experienced transitional challenges from a quantitative, GDP-oriented economic development toward environmental-friendly, sustainable development. The quality of the life became much more important for government policies, also fueled by the demand from the private sector. Nonetheless, these countries are experiencing much more severe and sarcastic skepticism in response to government policies, resulting in a lack of effective governance. The Sustainable Asia Conference (SAC) has promoted the importance of these challenges for 10 years since its inauguration in 2009. The major consensus on sustainable development reached at the conference may come from innovation in the positive-sum game approach to environmentally friendly development and sustainable governance in order for the initial innovation to be put into effect. Moreover, due to the complicated and complex process of solving environmental challenges, the countries in this region should cooperate with strong partnerships as well as open connectivity. Therefore, all the countries should participate in the project not as helpers, but as partners to create and share value through regional cooperation.
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Petraki, Virginia, Panagiotis Papantoniou, Asimina Korentzelou, and George Yannis. "Public Acceptability of Environmentally Linked Congestion and Parking Charging Policies in Greek Urban Centers." Sustainability 14, no. 15 (July 27, 2022): 9208. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14159208.
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Nowadays, urban centers face the challenge to upgrade life quality by reducing traffic congestion, air pollution emissions and road casualties. Transport charging policies applied in cities at a quick pace are a key tool for sustainable mobility. However, public acceptability is an important precondition to be adopted for such policies. In this context, the scope of this paper is the investigation of the public acceptability of environmentally linked urban charging policies in Greek urban centers. Specifically, the paper’s objective is the investigation of Greek drivers’ acceptability of the implementation of a congestion charging policy and a parking charging policy with the charging being adjusted according to the Euro class and technology of the vehicle in favor of less polluting cars. A structural equation model (SEM) was developed using data from a questionnaire survey which provided a sample encompassing 733 respondent drivers from three main urban centers of Greece: Athens, Thessaloniki and Volos. Several statistical relationships were detected and quantified correlating the two examined urban environmental charging policies with five latent unobserved variables. Based on the results, public acceptability of environmental congestion charging policies and the public acceptability of environmental parking charging policies were found to be positively correlated with each other, meaning that a driver who supports one environmentally linked transport charging policy is more likely to support the other one as well. The environmental sensitivity and high commuting profiles of drivers are influential factors that positively affect the acceptability of the two examined transport charging policies’ implementation in Greek urban centers. Analysis has also shown that younger, higher-educated respondents and females are more likely to accept the environmental charging policies under consideration.
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Vargas-Hernández, José G., and Justyna Anna Zdunek-Wielgołaska. "Recent trends in Sustainable Urban Planning." International Journal of Sustainable Economies Management 8, no. 3 (July 2019): 29–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijsem.2019070103.
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This article aims to analyze some of the recent development of sustainable urban planning as a tool for the development of urban areas aimed to improve their economic growth, social development and inclusiveness, and to make more environmentally friendly, inclusive and safer cities. Sustainable urban planning is moving away from traditional practices towards more collaborative and participatory approaches supported by considerations of the waste management, the new methods, policies and strategies leading to governance. Finally, there are considered the limitations that the new models of sustainable urban planning are facing
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JONES, BENJAMIN. "DRIVING A GREEN ECONOMY THROUGH PUBLIC FINANCE AND FISCAL POLICY REFORM." Journal of International Commerce, Economics and Policy 02, no. 02 (December 2011): 325–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793993311000336.
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Amid a still fragile economic environment, and rising concerns about deteriorating environmental conditions, policy-makers are examining the potential for new sources of environmentally sustainable growth and job creation. A "green economy" has emerged as an important concept linking economic growth and environmental sustainability. This paper emphasises the potentially significant opportunities to enhance welfare from better management of scarce environmental and natural resources, including through the reduction and removal of large distortions arising from environmentally harmful subsidies. It emphasises the centrality of fiscal (and in particular tax based) measures, as part of a portfolio of policies necessary to mobilise the resources, both public and private, for such an economic transformation to be effective and equitable.
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Alajärvi, Lasse, Johanna Timonen, Piia Lavikainen, and Janne Martikainen. "Attitudes and Considerations towards Pharmaceuticals-Related Environmental Issues among Finnish Population." Sustainability 13, no. 22 (November 22, 2021): 12930. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su132212930.
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A number of policy recommendations identify the general public as a key participant in environmentally sustainable pharmaceutical policies. However, research into pharmaceuticals-related environmental issues from the population perspective is scarce. We studied the awareness among Finnish adults (n = 2030) of pharmaceutical residues in Finnish waterways, their perceived environmental sources, views on pharmaceuticals-related environmental issues, and their association with background characteristics. Of the respondents, 89.5% were aware of the presence of pharmaceuticals in Finnish waterways. Wastewaters from the pharmaceutical industry were most frequently, and pharmaceuticals excreted by humans least frequently, considered a major environmental source of pharmaceuticals. The vast majority of the respondents were worried about the environmental and health impact of pharmaceutical residues and emphasized issues such as the importance of environmentally sustainable actions by pharmaceutical companies and the recyclability of the pharmaceutical packaging materials. Age, education, use of prescription medicines, and environmental attitude were associated with awareness of pharmaceutical residues, while gender, age, education level, and environmental attitude were associated most frequently with pharmaceuticals-related environmental considerations. These results indicate a need for improved communication about the environmental effects of pharmaceuticals and the significance of different pharmaceutical emission sources in order to promote a more environmentally friendly, effective pharmaceutical policy.
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Dessart, François J., Jesús Barreiro-Hurlé, and René van Bavel. "Behavioural factors affecting the adoption of sustainable farming practices: a policy-oriented review." European Review of Agricultural Economics 46, no. 3 (June 26, 2019): 417–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/erae/jbz019.
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AbstractThis paper reviews the findings from the last 20 years on the behavioural factors that influence farmers’ decisions to adopt environmentally sustainable practices. It also proposes policy options to increase adoption, based on these behavioural factors and embedded in the EU Common Agricultural Policy. Behavioural factors are grouped into three clusters, from more distal to more proximal: (i) dispositional factors; (ii) social factors and (iii) cognitive factors. Overall, the review demonstrates that considering behavioural factors enriches economic analyses of farmer decision-making, and can lead to more realistic and effective agri-environmental policies.
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Lalchandani, Neha K., Shona Crabb, Caroline Miller, and Clare Hume. "Content analysis of school websites: policies and programs to support healthy eating and the environment." Health Education Research 37, no. 1 (December 15, 2021): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/her/cyab040.
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Abstract Preschools and primary schools are important settings for the development of healthy eating habits and awareness of environmentally friendly practices. This study explored South Australian government schools’ policies and programs in relation to healthy eating and environmentally friendly aspects of food choice (such as packaging), and whether any schools approached these issues in combination. Websites of 18 government preschools and primary schools in the Greater Adelaide region, stratified by low, medium and high socioeconomic status were reviewed for publicly available policies and other relevant content. A content analysis was undertaken, with policies and programs analysed deductively and thematically. Healthy eating (n = 8) and environment (n = 3) related policies were found on preschool websites only. The main themes observed across the three categories of interest (healthy eating, environmentally friendly practices and low-waste healthy foods) included the presence/absence of formal policy, promotional strategies and implementation. Expectations of children bringing healthy ‘nude’ foods that were environmentally friendly were mentioned informally on the websites but were not part of policy documents. Policies and programs around healthy eating and environmentally friendly practices (in combination) were lacking. There is scope to address this gap to improve health and sustainable outcomes within the school environment context.
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Soheir M. Hegazy. "Smart-Eco-House in Oman as a Key Component of a Sustainable Future - Field Study." Asia Proceedings of Social Sciences 7, no. 2 (March 28, 2021): 150–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.31580/apss.v7i2.1797.
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The recent drop in oil prices has lead Oman, a country with an oil dependent economy, to consider new sustainable policies and attitudes.The Sultanate’s five-year plan (2011-2015) began the development of renewable energy and environmental protection. One of the state’s approaches was hosting the National Eco-House Design contest in 2011 between higher educational institutions. However, disseminating the eco-house concept will take decades to be effective. This commentary argues for the potential of the Smart -Eco house to provide a quick and effective solution to support the present nationwide policy of promoting more sustainable practices. Based on relevant literature review, a questionnaire was written, and interviews were conducted with high ranking government policymakers and directors of smart home companies. The paper aims to draw the attention of the government, experts, decision-makers, and educational institutions to integrate the Smart – Eco house into their efforts towards efficient building energy performance, supporting the national economy, energy infrastructure, and the country’s environmentally sustainable policies.
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Bohnenberger, Katharina. "Money, Vouchers, Public Infrastructures? A Framework for Sustainable Welfare Benefits." Sustainability 12, no. 2 (January 14, 2020): 596. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12020596.
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While the social consequences of environmental policies are extensively evaluated in sustainability research, few studies exist on the ecological impact of social benefits and the welfare state. Sustainable welfare is a novel research field that seeks to close this knowledge gap and develop integrated eco-social policies. Within this, researchers are starting to ask how citizen’s needs can be guaranteed in an environmentally sustainable way and how their welfare benefits should be delivered. Should citizens receive a universal basic income, be given vouchers for ecologically beneficial or socially needed goods and services, or be provided with access to socio-ecological infrastructures and services? This article develops a framework for sustainable welfare benefits with six criteria of sustainable welfare and nine different types of welfare benefits that belong to the domains of universal basic income (UBI), universal basic services (UBS), and universal basic vouchers (UBV). Using this framework, existing policy proposals are categorized and evaluated. The advantages and disadvantages of the different types of welfare benefits are discussed and new application areas highlighted. The analysis shows that a successful policy will likely include all forms of welfare benefits, with certain types being more adequate for certain fields and societal circumstances. The framework for sustainable welfare benefits can serve as a starting point for further research on integrated policy design and inform policymakers on the selection of eco-social policies.
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Oliver, Chadwick D. "Policies and practices: Options for pursuing forest sustainability." Forestry Chronicle 77, no. 1 (February 1, 2001): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5558/tfc77049-1.
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Achieving a goal of sustainable forestry will probably take time as people agree on what sustainability means at the global, subcontinental, national, and regional scales. Comparing seven criteria of sustainable forestry with information at different scales suggests that the world could practice sustainable forestry, but there are currently imbalances in economic development, forest area change, harvesting and wood-use rates and purposes, and other factors that are impeding it. Different countries could adopt different policies and practices to help correct these imbalances. Until a globally agreed-upon set of policies and practices is established, each country will probably define its best efforts toward sustaining its "fair share" of the criteria. Managing large areas of forests for many values with some areas reserved in each forest type will probably be more ecologically, socially, and financially effective than having small areas of plantations supply the world's wood – and the rest of the world's forests set aside as reserves. Disseminating accurate information, addressing sustainability at different scales, addressing rural/urban lifestyles, increasing uses for the very abundant, environmentally sound wood, incorporating the other values into the economic system, and avoiding central planning are primary issues and challenges to sustainability. Technology, policies, and various organizations can be marshalled, and each organization can play a constructive, rewarding role. Key words: sustainable forestry, Montreal Process criteria, world forests, landscape management, rural populations, carbon sequestration, wood uses
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Mukhlynina, Maria. "Constitutional guarantees of citizens’ rights as a condition for sustainable environmental development." E3S Web of Conferences 208 (2020): 06011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202020806011.
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Based on the analysis of the norms of the Constitution of Russia, the legal positions of the constitutional Court of the Russian Federation, strategic documents and other normative legal acts, the author examines the constitutional guarantees of citizens ‘ rights, determines the significance of the concept of sustainable development for ensuring environmental safety, as well as environmental development of Russia. The article analyzes individual UN sustainable development goals and national legislation designed to ensure the implementation of sustainable development policies and environmental protection. The interpenetration, interaction, and convergence of social relations leads to an increase in both legal mediation and integration processes. The author concludes that the legislation is becoming more and more environmentally friendly, these norms penetrate not only into acts regulating the economic development of the country, acts designed to prevent an environmental crisis, but also provide constitutional guarantees of human and civil rights to a favorable environment.
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Carolina, Mentari Vindi, Husni Muhamad Rifqi, and Hafinas Halid. "Enhancing the Environmental Performance of Organizations through Green HRM: The Role of Individual Green Behavior." Vol.3, Issue 2, Dec 2022 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2022): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.55862/asbjv3i1a002.
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Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) has become a primary strategic practice for major businesses with human resource divisions involved in greening the workplace. Green Human Resources Management (GHRM) is described as a set of techniques, plans, strategies, procedures, and practices aimed at encouraging green Employee behavior in ways that promote an environmentally friendly, resource-sustainable, and socially responsible workplace and organization. The phrase Green Human Resource Management (GHRM) refers to an organization's commitment to a broader environmental policy in its business policies and human resource management activities. It necessitates the use of any employee to enhance environmental performance and raise employee involvement and participation to sustainable development. This research will be conducted to determine the relationship and how green HR practices can affect an organization's environmental performance.
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Ferri and Pini. "Environmental vs Social Responsibility in the Firm. Evidence from Italy." Sustainability 11, no. 16 (August 7, 2019): 4277. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11164277.
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Sustainable behavior should necessarily benefit both the environment and society. However, we cannot take for granted that socially responsible firms are also environmentally responsible—e.g., a firm might benefit its stakeholders while degrading the environment—and the reverse applies too—e.g., an environmentally responsible firm might disrespect its employees. Consequently, our purpose is checking whether social responsibility and green investments—proxying for a firm’s environmental responsibility—are complements, substitutes, or unrelated choices. Using a representative sample of Italian manufacturing firms, our econometric estimates uncover the empirical relationship between social responsibility and green investments at firm level. We find evidence of complementarity, since socially responsible firms: (i) Are systematically more likely to make green investments; (ii) identify green investments as a voluntary choice promoting business competitiveness much more than other firms. Finding complementarity between social and environmental responsibility has important implications. Policies favoring the transition to sustainable development should adopt a systemic approach considering the positive spillovers of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) on environmental responsibility. Our evidence also suggests that firms indeed tend to behave in ways consistent with the holistic approach of the 2030 UN Agenda for sustainable development. Additional research should study how governance affects the CSR–environmental responsibility nexus.
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Lambooy, Tineke Elisabeth, Bart Jansen, and Martine Bosman. "When Mother Earth Begged for Research: An Indexation of Social and Environmental Hotspots." Yuridika 34, no. 3 (August 23, 2019): 411. http://dx.doi.org/10.20473/ydk.v34i3.14933.
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This editorial paper is an introduction to the special Yuridika edition about the ‘Sustainable Market Actors for Responsible Trade’ project (SMART). SMART identifies the areas in which companies and other market players can realise their unfulfilled potential to contribute in their own way to development friendly, environmentally friendly, and socially sustainable business, trade, and investment. SMART creates more awareness on how nondevelopment policies and regulations reinforce or undermine EU development policies. The research presented in this special Yuridika edition aims to find these legal means to reduce the gap between law and reality. In this Editorial, the various contributions to this special edition of the journal Yuridika will be introduced
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Poque González, Axel Bastián, Yunesky Masip Macia, Lúcia da Costa Ferreira, and Javier Valdes. "Socio-Ecological Controversies from Chilean and Brazilian Sustainable Energy Transitions." Sustainability 15, no. 3 (January 18, 2023): 1861. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su15031861.
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Chile and Brazil have been historically recognised in South America for having a high share of renewable sources in their primary energy matrices. Furthermore, in the last two decades, aligned with the global efforts to conduct a sustainable energy transition, both countries have experienced a successful introduction of nonconventional renewable energy for power production. Nevertheless, some experiences with renewable sources have been demonstrated to be not entirely societally and environmentally friendly, as some local human communities and ecosystems are threatened, and conflicts have emerged, regardless of low-emission technology. Using the cases of Chile and Brazil, we aim to explore the socio-ecological dimension of sustainable energy transition―which has sometimes been ignored. We analyse the controversies regarding renewable energy and the emergence of socio-ecological conflicts through the principles of justice in transitions. Critical renewable conflicting power projects are identified using the Atlas of Environmental Justice’s database. Considering those experiences, we believe that reinforcing decision-making processes should be in synergy with identifying new alternatives to develop energy in both countries. Placing justice approaches at the centre of public policies is imperative to developing sustainable policies in the future.
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Yessymkhanova, Zeinegul, Shakizada Niyazbekova, Zhanar Dauletkhanova, Nurdin Dzholdoshev, and Tamara Dzholdosheva. "Environmental safety in the countries bordering Kazakhstan in the context of sustainable development." E3S Web of Conferences 244 (2021): 01016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202124401016.
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Current situation in the environmental sector for the EAEU countries it is one of the most burning topics. One of the priority areas of the country’s sustainable development policy The Eurasian economic Union recognizes ensuring the welfare of the population living in the Eurasian space and introducing environmental technologies, creating environmentally friendly industries, and much more. Important changes have taken place in the environmental safety sector, and positive dynamics are beginning to be determined not only by intentions, but also by real actions aimed at improving the quality of the environment and health. In the context of globalization, the nature of the market–plan relationship in environmental management is changing dramatically. On the one hand, the influence of market forces and competition that stimulate the development and implementation of environmental policies by each individual state is increasing. On the other hand, the impact of international economic institutions on national relations is increasing, resulting in the creation of a system of supranational environmental management. Joint solution of issues related to prevention of negative impact on the environment is possible only through: contractual actions, investment policies, and planned activities aimed at maintaining environmental balance. Kazakhstan, being a full member of the EAEU actively participates in the formation of a regulatory framework aimed at reducing industrial risks, identifying the scale of anthropogenic pollution and implementing environmental monitoring.
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Ahmed Sinthia, Sanjida. "Development measures for slums of Dhaka city." Iraqi Journal of Architecture and Planning 20, no. 1 (June 24, 2021): 42–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.36041/iqjap.v20i1.534.
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Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh is extremely populated, unhygienic and environmentally degraded city. The growing number of population and environmental degradation are due to natural disaster and economic depression. As a result, the rate of urban poor is and producing huge pressure on urban lands, housing and infrastructure. Due to limited resources these poor people encroached open spaces, wetlands, vacant plots or even footpath for shelter. They don’t have any access to proper job market, healthcare facilities, education and sanitation either. These constraints are mostly resulted from the failures of the government in initiation proper policies and measures. Past policies of slum clearance, modernist apartment projects, housing provision, self-help, sites and services, and in-situ upgrading have not been effective at solving the crisis. This is now prime time to established planning and environmental management policy and sustainable development of the city area. Urban land management, rehabilitation and socio-economic development of the slum dwellers are also very important issues. The key focus of this paper is to find out sustainable development process for urban slum dwellers and build sustainable living place for them which are free from eviction, criminals, rent seekers and other miscreants.
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Fritz, Martin, and Max Koch. "Public Support for Sustainable Welfare Compared: Links between Attitudes towards Climate and Welfare Policies." Sustainability 11, no. 15 (August 1, 2019): 4146. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11154146.
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The emerging concept of sustainable welfare attempts to integrate environmental sustainability and social welfare research. Oriented at a mid-term re-embedding of Western production and consumption norms into planetary limits, it suggests the development of “eco-social” policies in the rich countries. In this theoretical context, this article empirically investigates the relationships between attitudes towards welfare and climate policy in 23 countries. Using 2016 data from the European Social Survey, we explored patterns of synergy between both kinds of policies as well as effects of crowding-out, where support for one kind of policy involves refusing the other. Since previous research addressed the role of welfare states and their institutional foundations in establishing environmentally sustainable societies, we studied how attitudes towards welfare and climate policies differ according to welfare regime affiliation. Additionally, we examined how a range of socio-demographic and political factors such as class, education, income, and political position shape people’s views on welfare and climate policy goals. The results of a multiple correspondence analysis indicate that the simultaneous support of welfare and climate policies follows welfare regime lines in that this support is the highest among social-democratic countries. However, also some conservative and Mediterranean countries score high in this regard. At the individual level, people with a higher education, employees in socio-cultural professions, and voters of moderate left and green parties display the highest mutual support for welfare and climate policies.
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Figueiredo, F. de Carvalho, and C. M. Salca Rotaru. "From Green Growth to the Blue Growth in the 2030 Agenda Goals." Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Series VII Social Sciences • Law 14(63), Special Issue (February 22, 2022): 23–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.31926/but.ssl.2021.14.63.3.3.
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Economic growth is linked to the development and use of natural resources. With the emergence of the idea of sustainable development, the idea of green economy or bioeconomy is born, based on better management of natural resources, through the use of environmentally friendly economic instruments. The new objectives of sustainable development are related to both water protection and responsible consumption and production. This makes the transition from the green economy to the blue bioeconomy. This article examines the link between the blue bioeconomy and the goals of sustainable development in the light of new environmental policies and regulations. The conclusions are that the blue bioeconomy, complementing the green economy, can ensure the decoupling of economic development from the intensive use of non-renewable resources and that together they can lead to a better achievement of sustainable development goals.
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Livermore, Michael. "The Meaning of Green Growth." Michigan Journal of Gender & Law, no. 3.1 (2013): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.36641/mjeal.3.1.meaning.
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Although the term is still rarely used in the United States, in recent years “green growth” has become part of the lexicon of global environmental policy. Unfortunately, although it is frequently cited as a public policy goal, green growth has remained vague and ill-defined, leading to conflicting interpretations and confusion over the distinction between green growth and related concepts like sustainable development. This paper seeks to clarify the meaning of green growth as a distinct concept, defining a “green growth frontier” of policies that dominate along both environmental and economic dimensions. The green growth agenda can be understood as moving societies toward that frontier of cost-effective and environmentally effective policies. Because movements toward this frontier generate gains along multiple dimensions, they should be less controversial and may allow for some progress toward economic and environmental goals even in contexts where broader political consensus over environmental policies is difficult to form.
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Duane, B., R. Stancliffe, F. A. Miller, J. Sherman, and E. Pasdeki-Clewer. "Sustainability in Dentistry: A Multifaceted Approach Needed." Journal of Dental Research 99, no. 9 (May 11, 2020): 998–1003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022034520919391.
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This article provides an introduction to environmentally sustainable dentistry and offers perspectives on managing drivers to reduce carbon emissions and make dentistry more environmentally sustainable. A sustainable world must meet the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Global commitment to sustainability and demands for a sustainable world are growing. Within dentistry, travel creates the highest carbon emissions and also contributes to human health damage. Internally, there are a number of ways to reduce impact by decreasing travel and energy use, as well as carefully considering the types of items purchased (and how they are disposed of). Larger dental organizations can influence their suppliers and industry by choosing to purchase from sustainable companies with environmentally friendly products. From an external driver perspective policy, guidance and research are essential. Governments need to reevaluate decontamination policy from an environmental perspective. Decontamination documents need revision to consider both planetary and public health. Dental organizations need to support dental teams in this area. Insurance providers and health care purchasers should review policies to influence the sustainability of dental providers. Sustainability education needs to be considered as part of the curriculum of undergraduate and postgraduate students. Guidance could also be developed for the dental industry to produce sustainable products. Research needs to be prioritized. Identifying hot spots or areas of high environmental contributions using other assessments such as life cycle analysis (LCA) would allow dentistry to identify products or practices that have a disproportionate adverse impact on the environment and might be prioritized for change. This should include an analysis of single-use instruments, chemicals, and products. Building research capacity by training students and creating virtual or physical centers for sustainability is essential. Financial support is needed for priority areas of research.
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Winkler, H., M. Borchers, A. Hughes, E. Visagie, and G. Heinrich. "Policies and scenarios for Cape Town’s energy future: Options for sustainable city energy development." Journal of Energy in Southern Africa 17, no. 1 (February 1, 2006): 28–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/2413-3051/2006/v17i1a3367.
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This study examines a set of energy policy interventions, which can make a major contribution to sustainable development for the City of Cape Town – economically, environmentally and socially. Major energy savings can be made from modal shifts in the transport sector, and with efficient lighting. The savings make a contribution to economic development, by freeing up resources. The savings from energy efficiency also have important social benefits in energy savings, reducing energy bills for poor households. From an environmental point of view, implementing the city’s renewable energy target will have significant costs, but these can be partly off-set by selling carbon credits through the Clean Development Mechanism, and will result in indirect health benefits. Targeted interventions can reduce local air pollution, and help Cape Town become a leader in addressing greenhouse gas emissions. Apart from examining the social, economic and environmental dimensions of each policy, this paper compares policies to one another. Of particular interest for sustainable energy development are those policies which are viable in terms of costs, social benefits and the environment. Compact Fluorescent Lamps (CFLs) in residential, commercial and government sectors and heating ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) in commerce and government sectors stand out as policies that have benefits from every angle. The paper builds on previous work done on the ‘state of energy’ for Cape Town and develops a tool that can paint a picture of what might happen to energy in the future. Using the Long-Range Energy Alternatives Planning (LEAP) modelling tool, a set of energy policies have been simulated.
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KORI, EDMORE, AGNES MUSYOKI, and NTHADULENI S. NETHENGWE. "AN EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY OF GRAZING LANDS USING THE ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT TOOL: A CASE OF CHIRUMANZU DISTRICT, ZIMBABWE." Journal of Environmental Assessment Policy and Management 15, no. 04 (December 2013): 1350017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1464333213500178.
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The 1992 United Nations World Commission on Environment and Development Summit underscored the need to conduct environmental sustainability evaluations. Such evaluations are important as they communicate the relationship between natural resources extraction and environmental regenerative capacity. We use the Ecological Footprint tool to evaluate the environmental sustainability of grazing landuse for Chirumanzu District of Zimbabwe. Empirical evidence presented here relates to livestock data obtained from the Veterinary Department and a sample household survey. Results revealed the presence of a large ecological reserve, depicting sustainable utilization of environmental resources. Further unravelling of the results, however, revealed under utilisation of the available biocapacity. Livestock-limited environmentally sustainable is the concept used to describe this scenario. Further interpretation of the large ecological reserve indicates insecure land tenure system, low livestock ownership and difficult economic hardships faced by resettled farmers. The paper recommends that the government adopts policies that encourage the development of a sustainable livestock sector.
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Yu, Zhang Shu. "The Proposed EU Energy Security Package vis-à-vis EU Law." European Energy and Environmental Law Review 13, Issue 6 (June 1, 2004): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/eelr2004022.
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Summary: The European Commission adopted on December 10, 2003 a draft legislative package (hereinafter referred to as ``the Package'') designed to promote investment in the EU energy sector and prevent the re-occurrence of the blackouts experienced in several countries earlier this year. Is the proposed Package compatible with other parts of EU law, especially the basic principles of Community's environmental law and its climate change policy? This paper illustrates how the measures adopted by the Package run contradictory to the integration and prevention principle of EC environmental law, the climate change policy and infrastructure policy. The focus is the principles and the climate change policy which entails instruments of demand management and promotion of renewable energy to achieve its goals. The author suggests possible solutions to develop a sustainable and green security of energy supply policy and argues that a sustainable energy supply is a goal for the future for which action must start today. And the important issue in a sustainable energy policy is to fully incorporate the principles of EC law and the environmental protection policy. Taking into account its violation of the Community's principles, environmental law and infrastructure policy, the proposed Package must be altered. Future policies regarding security of supply must focus on generation actions that will guarantee environmentally sustainable security, especially the climate protection parameters. Demand management measures and renewable energy promotion should be regarded as the most crucial criteria and clear mandatory targets should be developed. A consistent and environmentally friendly energy policy will help the EU to achieve economical, social and ecological sustainable development.
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Barros, Murillo Vetroni, Fabio Neves Puglieri, Daniel Poletto Tesser, Oksana Kuczynski, and Cassiano Moro Piekarski. "Sustainability at a Brazilian university: developing environmentally sustainable practices and a life cycle assessment case study." International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education 21, no. 5 (June 1, 2020): 841–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijshe-10-2019-0309.
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Purpose Some universities have a commitment to both academic education and sustainable development, and the sustainable development goals can support several sustainable actions that universities may take as principles and attitudes. From this perspective, the purpose of this study is to present environmentally sustainable practices at a federal university in Brazil and to analyze and discuss the potential environmental impacts associated with an environmentally sustainable practice implemented using life cycle assessment (LCA) and its benefits for the university’s decision-makers. Design/methodology/approach To accomplish that, the study combines a description of environmentally sustainable practices at the 13 campuses of the Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná (UTFPR) in terms of education, water and electricity consumption, waste management and emissions. As a result of this analysis, one campus identified that a high volume of disposable plastic cups were being disposed of, for which the use of reusable plastic cups was introduced. In addition, an LCA study (ISO 14040:2006 and 14044:2006) quantified the benefits of the introduction of said reusable plastic cups. Findings The results show that the university is working on environmentally sustainable initiatives and policies to become greener. At the same time, using a systematic LCA made it possible to measure that replacing disposable plastic cups for reusable ones reduced waste generation but increased water consumption on the campus. Faced with this, a sensitization was carried out to reduce water consumption. Finally, the current study provides lessons on the environmental performance to universities interested in sustainable practices, fostering perspectives for a better world. The findings of this study encourage organizations to accomplish environmental actions toward greener universities. The study shows that institutions need to be reflective and analytical about how even “greening” measures have impacts, which can be mitigated if necessary. Practical implications The sustainable practical implications were reported, and an LCA was conducted to assess potential environmental impacts of reusable plastic cups. It was identified that raw material production is the phase that generates most environmental impacts during the life cycle of the product, along with the consumer use phase, due to the quantity of water used to wash the reusable cups. In addition, the practical contributions of this study are to provide insights to institutions that aim to use environmental actions, i.e. suggestions of sustainable paths toward a greener university. Originality/value This is one of the first studies to investigate and discuss sustainable practices at UTFPR/Brazil. The study assessed one of the practices using a scientific technique (LCA) to assess the impacts of reusable plastic cups distributed to the students of one of the 13 campuses. Although there are other studies on LCA in the literature, the value of this study lies in expanding what has already been experienced/found on the use of LCA to assess environmental practices in university campuses.
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Adu, Kwaku, John Joseph Puthenkalam, and Antwi Effah Kwaben. "New Framework for Multidimensional Environmental Well-being for Sustainable Development." Journal of African Development 24, no. 1 (February 1, 2023): 136–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/jafrideve.24.1.0136.
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ABSTRACT This study seeks to develop a Multidimensional Environmental Well-Being Criteria (MEWC) using the censored achievement approach, specifically the Alkire-Foster counting methodology. Its overall objective is to use MEWC to measure the multiple environmental deprivations. It provides a comparison of empirical evidence of the existing monetary and multidimensional poverty index (MPI) measures and the proposed MEWC. The MEWC is composed of three indicators: crop productivity, level of perceived environmental knowledge, and agricultural and extension education. For empirical analysis, the authros randomly sample 376 households from 20 communities in the Abuakwa North and South municipalities in Ghana. The empirical analysis is divided in two parts: part one provides information on existing well-being parameters such as income/poverty metrics (upper and lower poverty lines) and multidimensional poverty index (MPI); and the second part analyzes the fieldwork element related to the three identified indicators of environmental wellbeing and its implications for sustainable development for the selected regions in Ghana, and how it could be applied to other municipalities/districts and other countries. The incidence and severity of environmental deprivation, robustness checks, and statistical inference are also analyzed. Results show that MEWC for the two municipalities in Ghana is 0.46 or 46%, which represents the proportion of deprivations that the multi-environmentally poor in the sampled communities experience, as a share of the multi-environmental deprivations that would be experienced if all persons were multi-environmentally poor and deprived in all the dimensions of multiple environmental poverty. From a policy perspective, MEWC could be used to track the sustainable development goals targeting the poor and to design policies and strategies that address the inter-twined environmental deprivations of the poor. The MEWC could also contribute to addressing the technical problems emanating from the multidimensionality of the concept of poverty.