Статті в журналах: "Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay kit"

1

Zhang, Hui Ying, and Jun Ping Wang. "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Streptomycin in Animal Feeds." Advanced Materials Research 651 (January 2013): 280–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.651.280.

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Polyclonal antibody against streptomycin was prepared by using a streptomycin–bovine serum albumin conjugate for the immunization of rabbits. Using this antibody, we developed quantitative assays for streptomycin by means of an indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA). Fifty percent inhibition concentration (IC50) for the antibody was 3.6 ng/ml. The detection limit was 0.4 ng/ml. The average of recoveries for all samples was 86.14% and the coefficients of variation of intra- and inter-assays were below 18%. The detection limit using the kit was 15 ng/ml in animal feeds.

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Madeali, Mun Imah, and Nurhidayah Nurhidayah. "KIT ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY UNTUK DETEKSI WSSV PADA UDANG." Jurnal Riset Akuakultur 6, no. 1 (April 30, 2011): 131. http://dx.doi.org/10.15578/jra.6.1.2011.131-137.

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Komponen dasar yang penting dan menentukan keberhasilan pengendalian suatu penyakit dalam bidang perikanan adalah informasi tentang patogen secara dini, cepat, dan akurat, serta epidemi penyakit di lapangan. Teknik serologi, khususnya ELISA, merupakan salah satu teknik yang menjanjikan untuk keperluan tersebut, karena relatif mudah dan murah, serta berpeluang untuk digunakan secara langsung di lapangan. Telah dilakukan uji lapang terhadap perangkat Kit ELISA yang telah diproduksi oleh Balai Riset Perikanan Budidaya Air Payau. Hasil uji lapang menunjukkan bahwa Kit ELISA dapat digunakan untuk mendeteksi penyakit WSSV pada udang windu, dengan waktu ± 3 jam untuk setiap kali pengujian mulai persiapan sampai pembacaan hasil uji. Hasil Kit ELISA lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan metode PCR yang memerlukan waktu 24 jam. Biaya yang diperlukan untuk mendeteksi satu sampel juga lebih ekonomis yaitu ± Rp 35.000,- dibandingkan dengan PCR (Rp 150.000,- – Rp 300.000,-) per sampel

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Gabrovská, Dana, Jana Rysová, Vanda Filová, Jan Plicka, Petr Cuhra, Martin KubíK,, Soňa BaršOvá, et al. "Gluten Determination by Gliadin Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit: Interlaboratory Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 89, no. 1 (January 1, 2006): 154–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/89.1.154.

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Abstract An interlaboratory study with 10 participants was performed to obtain validation and performance data for an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit developed for quantitative gluten determination in foods. The ELISA kit used for this study is based on 2 monoclonal and 1 polyclonal antibody developed by Immunotech, a Beckman Coulter Co. This kit did not show any false positive results or cross-reactivity with oat, rice, maize, and buckwheat. The gliadin standard from the Working Group on Prolamin Analysis and Toxicity was included in the kit as reference material for calibration. All participants obtained a gliadin ELISA kit with Standard Operational Procedure and a form for recording test results. The study included 13 samples labeled as gluten-free and 2 samples spiked by wheat flour. Seven samples had gliadin content below the limit of quantitation (LOQ) of the method, and 1 sample exceeded the highest calibration level. Gliadin content in the range from 10 to 157 mg/kg (1st day) and from 11 to 183 mg/kg (2nd day) was found in 7 samples (including 2 spiked samples). Results of these samples were used for further statistical analysis and evaluation. The Cochran, Dixon, and Mandel statistical tests were applied for detection of outliers. The LOQ of the kit was estimated.

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GARBER, ERIC A. E. "Detection of Melamine Using Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Technology." Journal of Food Protection 71, no. 3 (March 1, 2008): 590–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-71.3.590.

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Recent cases of adulteration with melamine have led to the need for rapid and reliable screening methods. To meet this need, commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) test kits for the detection of triazines were evaluated. The recently released Melamine Plate kit (Abraxis, Warminster, Pa.) displayed a limit of detection of 9 ng/ml for melamine in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and approximately 1 μg/ml for melamine added to dog food. An atrazine ELISA test kit produced by Abraxis required 0.2 mg/ml to generate a response more than four times the standard deviation from background. In contrast, with the EnviroGard Triazine Plate kit (Strategic Diagnostics, Inc., Newark, Del.), 1.5 mg/ml melamine in PBS generated a signal only one standard deviation from background, which was insufficient to define a limit of detection. Extraction based on dilution with 105 mM sodium phosphate/75 mM NaCl/2.5% nonfat milk/0.05% Tween 20 (UD) enabled detection of fivefold less melamine in dog food than did use of the procedure recommended by the manufacturer, which entailed extraction into 60% methanol, sonication, centrifugation, filtration, and further dilution into 10% methanol/PBS. Using the Abraxis Melamine ELISA, both extraction protocols yielded identical results with a dog food sample adulterated with mela-mine. The recovery of melamine spiked into gravy from dog food using UD was 74% ± 4%. In conclusion, the recently released Abraxis ELISA for melamine proved to be a useful alternative to more cumbersome methods.

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Štumr, František, Dana Gabrovská, Jana Rysová, Petr Hanák, Jan Plicka, Kvta Tomková, Petr Cuhra, et al. "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for Beta-Lactoglobulin Determination: Interlaboratory Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 92, no. 5 (September 1, 2009): 1519–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/92.5.1519.

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Abstract An interlaboratory study was performed in six laboratories to prove the validation of the ELISA method developed for quantitative determination of beta-lactoglobulin (BLG) in foods. The ELISA kit used for this study is based on rabbit polyclonal antibody. In-house validation of the kit did not produce false-positive results or cross-reactivity in a broad range of food matrixes containing no milk proteins. All participants obtained the BLG kit with a standard operational procedure, the list of the samples, samples, and a protocol for recording test results. The study included 14 food samples (extruded breakfast cereals, bread, two soy desserts, butter, chicken ham, chicken meat, wheat flour, long grain rice, jelly, two whey drinks, crackers, and bitter chocolate) and six spiked samples (two rice, two wheat flour, and two chicken meat). Nine samples of food matrixes containing no milk proteins showed BLG content lower than the first standard (0.15 mg/kg). Two samples of food matrixes with no milk proteins revealed BLG content higher than standard 3 (1.5 mg/100 g) and standard 4 (5.0 mg/100 g). Three food samples containing milk were tested as positive, and all spiked samples were evaluated as positive. The statistical tests (Cochran, Dixon, and Mandel) and analysis of variance were used to evaluate the interlaboratory study results. Repeatability and reproducibility limits, as well as LOQ (0.22 mg BLG/kg) and LOD (0.07 mg BLG/kg), for the kit were calculated.

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Rachmawati, Faidah Rachmawati, I. Wayan Teguh Wibawan, and Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari. "Penggunaan Antigen Mycoplasma gallisepticum Freeze-Thawing dalam Teknik Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay." Jurnal Sain Veteriner 36, no. 2 (January 8, 2019): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsv.27021.

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Chronic Respiratory Disease (CRD) is a bacterial infection in chickens caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum. CRD may result in economic loss in the livestock industry, decreasing of egg production and feed efficiency, increasing of medication costs, downgrading of carcass and egg qualities. The aim of this study was to develop the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) kit for detecting antibodies of M. gallisepticum using freeze-thawing antigens. The cut-off point was determined by S/N method. Chicken antiserum againts M. gallisepticum was collected every week on 1st – 6th week post immunization of whole cell antigen of M. gallisepticum. Optimization of antigen, serum and conjugate were 10 μg/ml protein concentrations, 1:800 serum dilution and 1:10000 conjugate dilution. The validation results on developed ELISA kit (MyGELISA) analyzed by ROC curve using MedCalc statistical software revealed that developed ELISA kit (MyGELISA) had 100% sensitivity and 86.21% specificity with 95% confidence interval. The results of RSA, MyGELISA and commercial ELISA kit showed antibodies positif againts M. gallisepticum. In conclusion, MyGELISA using freeze-thawing antigen can be used to detect antibodies of M. gallisepticum.

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ALSHAIBANI, MUHANNA, Radin Maya Saphira Radin Mohamed, Ishak Mat, Adel AlGheethi, and Jacinta Santhanam. "ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAY DETECTION FOR MALIGNANCY USING ANTI-P53 ANTIBODIES." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 21, no. 1 (April 24, 2021): 208–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.21/no.1/art.789.

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Tumour protein 53 (p53) plays an important role in the instruction of the cell cycle. In a variety of transformed cell lines, tumour protein is expressed in high amounts, and it is believed to contribute to transformation and malignancy. This research aimed to detect the anti-p53 antibodies in sera of patients with various malignant tumours and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A case-control study was conducted on samples from 49 patients with various types of malignant tumours at Sultanah Bahiyah Hospital, Alor Setar, Kedah, Malaysia, and 32 healthy control cases with non‐malignant disease collected from Universiti Sains Malaysia clinic, Penang, Malaysia. The antibodies against p53 protein in the serum samples were analysed using the commercial ELISA kit, Calbiochem® p53- ELISAPLUS. The results showed that the rate of anti-p53 antibodies in patients with various malignant tumours was 13 out of 49 (26.5 %), compared with only 2 out of 32 (6.25%) in healthy controls (p < 0.001). The sensitivity of this kit reached 28.6% and the specificity was 93.8%. In conclusion, these results suggest that the anti-p53 antibodies can be detected in different sera of malignant tumour patients and the ELISA kit is highly specific; nevertheless, its discrimination power is not perfect because of its low sensitivity to determine the anti-p53 antibodies.

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Collins, Michael T., Arthur Angulo, Claus D. Buergelt, Steve G. Hennager, Sharon K. Hietala, Richard H. Jacobson, Diana L. Whipple, and Robert H. Whitlock. "Reproducibility of a Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Bovine Paratuberculosis among Eight Laboratories." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 5, no. 1 (January 1993): 52–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063879300500112.

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Interlaboratory reproducibility of an absorbed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for detection of bovine serum antibodies to Mycobacterium paratuberculosis was evaluated. A panel of 30 bovine sera (15 positives and 15 negatives) was tested in triplicate microtiter wells on each of 2 days at 8 different laboratories. One laboratory had invalid results because of positive or negative serum control optical density (OD) readings beyond the acceptable range specified by the kit. The coefficient of variation (CV) for mean OD values was influenced by low ODs on test negative sera at 2 laboratories, thus the CVs on positive sera were considered a more representative measure of kit reproducibility. Between-well CVs averaged 6.7% ± 2.8% (mean ± standard deviation), and between-day CVs averaged 14.5% ± 9.8% among the 7 laboratories with valid assays on the 15 positive sera. The OD values were converted to positive or negative classifications for each assay well, and the results were compared. Among 1,392 assays in 7 laboratories, 98.6% were in agreement. Eleven of 18 discrepant results were due to a sample that consistently gave OD values near the cutoff for a positive test. Exclusion of that serum from the analysis resulted in a 99.8% rate of agreement among laboratories. Results indicated that the absorbed ELISA kit provided reproducible results within and between laboratories.

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Trombley, Arthur, Titan Fan, and Robert LaBudde. "Aflatoxin Plate Kit." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 94, no. 5 (September 1, 2011): 1519–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/94.5.1519.

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Abstract The level of total aflatoxin contamination was analyzed in naturally contaminated and spiked samples of corn and peanut using the Aflatoxin Plate Kit. This kit is an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) suitable for rapid testing of grains and peanuts. The assay was evaluated for ruggedness and linearity of the standard curve. The test kit results were then statistically evaluated for accuracy, precision, and correlation to a validated HPLC method (AOAC 994.08). The results were verified by an independent laboratory.

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Sakai, Shinobu, Reiko Adachi, Hiroshi Akiyama, Reiko Teshima, Hirotoshi Doi, Haruki Shibata, Atsuo Urisu, et al. "Determination of Walnut Protein in Processed Foods by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: Interlaboratory Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 93, no. 4 (July 1, 2010): 1255–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/93.4.1255.

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Abstract Because food allergens from tree nuts, including walnuts, are a frequent cause of adverse food reactions for allergic patients, the labeling of foods containing ingredients derived from tree nuts is required in numerous countries. According to Japanese regulations, the labeling of food products containing walnuts is recommended. To ensure proper labeling, a novel sandwich ELISA kit for the determination of walnut protein in processed foods (Walnut Protein [2S-Albumin] Kit; Morinaga Institute of Biological Science, Inc.; walnut kit) has been developed. We prepared seven types of incurred samples (model processed foods: biscuits, bread, sponge cake, orange juice, jelly, chicken meatballs, and rice gruel) containing 10 g walnut soluble protein/g of food for use in interlaboratory evaluations of the walnut kit. The walnut kit displayed sufficient reproducibility relative standard deviations (interlaboratory precision: 5.89.9 RSDR) and a high level of recovery (81119) for all the incurred samples. All the repeatability relative standard deviation (RSDr) values for the incurred samples that were examined were less than 6.0. The results of this interlaboratory evaluation suggested that the walnut kit could be used as a precise and reliable tool for determination of walnut protein in processed foods.

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Oelemann, Walter M. R., Maria Da Glória M. Teixeira, Giovani C. Veríssimo Da Costa, José Borges-Pereira, José Adail F. De Castro, José Rodrigues Coura, and José Mauro Peralta. "Evaluation of Three Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Diagnosis of Chagas’ Disease." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 36, no. 9 (1998): 2423–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.36.9.2423-2427.1998.

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Chagas’ disease is a common cause of morbidity in Latin American countries. In Brazil, naturally occurring transmission of its etiologic agent, Trypanosoma cruzi, has been almost completely abolished through effective control programs aimed at the triatomid insect vector. Thus, transfusion of blood from infected donors has become the major route for contracting Chagas’ disease due to the socioeconomically motivated migration of residents from areas where the disease is endemic to the larger urban centers. Therefore, the employment of screening tests is mandatory for all blood banks throughout the country. We compared the diagnostic performances of three commercially available screening assays used in routine testing in Brazilian blood banks: the Abbott Chagas antibody enzyme immunoassay (Abbott Laboratórios do Brasil, São Paulo), the BIOELISACRUZI kit (Biolab-Mérieux, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil), and the BIOZIMA Chagas kit (Polychaco S.A.I.C., Buenos Aires, Argentina). The evaluation was performed with sera obtained from chagasic patients and healthy residents of four different areas in Brazil where Chagas’ disease is either endemic or emergent and where clinical manifestations of the disease and circulating parasite strains vary. The results obtained with each kit were compared to matched in-house enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and immunofluorescence assay data obtained for each sample. Depending on the area under investigation, the three commercial kits produced specificity values between 93.3 and 100.0%, sensitivity values between 97.7 and 100%, and accuracies ranging from 93.6 to 100.0%.

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Munir, R., S. T. Ur Rehman, R. Kausar, S. M. Saqlan Naqvi, and U. Farooq. "Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Diagnosis of Brucellosis in Buffaloes." Acta Veterinaria Brno 77, no. 3 (2008): 401–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.2754/avb200877030401.

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Brucellosis is an important zoonotic disease causing significant economic losses worldwide. Early detection of this disease is essential for its control and eradication. Presently, an Indirect Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (I-ELISA) was developed using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) as antigen and compared with the commercial kit using one hundred negative and positive sera each from buffaloes. The agreement for the positive result between the developed and commercial I-ELISA was 78% and for the negative it was 100%. At 52.49%, 53.09%, 53.26%, 53.86% and 53.94% cut off the sensitivity was 100%, 100%, 97.53%, 88.93% and 86.42%, while the specificity was 84.03%, 84.87%, 85.71%, 87.39% and 87.39%, respectively, for developed I-ELISA. This developed test can be used for the screening of herds as the relative sensitivity is higher.

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Tandhanand-Banchuin, Napatawan, Sathi Vannasaeng, Sirirat Ploybutr, and Sutin Sriussadaporn. "Comparison of anti-human insulin antibodies detection by commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, displacement enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and radioimmunoassay, in Thai diabetic patients." Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice 22, no. 1 (October 1993): 71–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-8227(93)90134-q.

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KASUGA, Fumiko, Yukiko HARA-KUDO, and Kenji MACHII. "Evaluation of Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) Kit for Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning Toxins." Food Hygiene and Safety Science (Shokuhin Eiseigaku Zasshi) 37, no. 6 (1996): 407–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3358/shokueishi.37.6_407.

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Saji, F., K. Ohashi, M. Kato, T. Negoro, and O. Tanizawa. "Clinical evaluation of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit for antisperm antibodies." International Journal of Gynecology & Obstetrics 29, no. 1 (May 1989): 95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7292(89)90139-2.

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Sakai, Shinobu, Reiko Adachi, Hiroshi Akiyama, Reiko Teshima, Naoki Morishita, Takashi Matsumoto, Atsuo Urisu, et al. "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for the Determination of Soybean Protein in Processed Foods: Interlaboratory Evaluation." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 93, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 243–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/93.1.243.

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Abstract The labeling of foods containing ingredients derived from soybean is recommended in Japan because of an increasing number of patients who are allergic to soybeans. To ensure proper labeling, a novel sandwich ELISA kit for the determination of soybean protein in processed foods (FASTKIT Ver. II, Soybean, Nippon Meat Packers, Inc.; soy kit) has been developed. Five types of incurred samples (model processed foods: rice gruel, sausage, sweet adzuki bean soup, sweet potato cake, and tomato sauce) containing 10 g soybean soluble protein/g food were prepared for use in interlaboratory evaluations of the soy kit. The soy kit displayed a sufficient RSDR value (interlaboratory precision: 9.313.4 RSDR) and a high level of recovery (97114) for all the incurred samples. The RSDr value for the incurred samples was mostly <4.8. The results of this interlaboratory evaluation suggest that the soy kit can be used as a precise and reliable tool for the determination of soybean proteins in processed foods.

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Rittenburg, James H., Alexandra Adams, John Palmer, and John C. Allen. "Improved Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Determination of Soy Protein in Meat Products." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 70, no. 3 (May 1, 1987): 582–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/70.3.582.

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Abstract An Indirect, Competitive Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Elisa) Has Been Developed For Quantitation Of Soy Protein In Meat Products. The Methodology Allows Rapid Aqueous Extraction Of Meat Samples Into A Liquid Form Suitable For Assay. The Assay Is Highly Specific For Soy Protein And Is Designed To Measure Soy Protein Levels Between 1 And 10% Of The Wet Weight Of The Sample. Standardized, Stabilized Reagents For Carrying Out The Procedure Are Commercially Available In A Kit. The Analysis, Including Sample Preparation, Can Be Completed Within A Workday, And The Actual Immunoassay In Less Than 60 Min.

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Zhong, Qing Ping, Yan Ting Liu, Yuan Ming Sun, Hoi Fu Yu, and Hong Tao Lei. "Development of Monoclonal Antibody-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detecting Tetrodotoxin." Advanced Materials Research 466-467 (February 2012): 220–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.466-467.220.

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This study aimed to develop a method for the detection of tetrodotoxin (TTX) based on monoclonal antibody (McAb). The hapten TTX was linked to carrier protein keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) as immunogen, and linked to ovalbumin (OVA) as coating antigen by the Mannich method. Then the 6~8 weeks Babl/c mice were immunized. After cell amalgamation, a cell line with high specificity and sensitivity was obtained, and McAb was produced. The indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (icELISA) was developed for detecting TTX. The optimized working conditions of the icELISA were 4.0 μg/mL coating antigen, 0.75 μg/mL McAb, 45 min competitive time, at room temperature (20~25 °C). The IC50value of this method was 24.0 ng/mL, the working ranges were 5.2~107.6 ng/mL, the intra-assay and inter-assay coefficient of variation (CV %) were 4.2 and 4.5, respectively. This investigation will benefit the assay kit development for detecting TTX.

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Jiang, H., R. Quan, and Y. Yuan. "Determination of p11 multifunctional protein in human body fluids by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay." European Psychiatry 41, S1 (April 2017): S423. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2017.01.387.

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ObjectivesThe diagnosis of major depressive disorder (MDD) is symptom based due to the lack of biological biomarker. p11 protein was recently found to be an important factor mediating depression-like states and antidepressant responses. The aim of the study was to assess whether p11 protein in urine can serve as a potential biomarker for major depression, and the relationship of its levels among urine, serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).MethodsWe obtained urine samples from 13 drug-free MDD patients and 13 age- and gender-matched healthy controls. We also collected urine, serum and cerebrospinal fluid samples from 13 of fracture patients or cesarean section patients in the spinal anesthesia. The concentrations of p11 protein were measured using ELISA.ResultsIn MDD patients, urine levels of p11 protein were all less than the minimum detectable concentration of the ELISA kit. The urine levels of p11 were detectable only in one healthy control. In the spinal anesthesia patients, we can detect p11 concentrations in both serum and urine in only two patients. Besides, levels of p11 were detectable in the serum of one patient and urine of another patient. We were unable to measure CSF levels of p11 in all patients.ConclusionsConcentrations of p11 protein in the body fluids are very low and unstable. The sensitivity of the current p11 ELISA kit is currently unsatisfactory, requiring the development of an ELISA kit of higher sensitivity to determine whether p11 in body fluids can serve as biomarker for depression.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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Yamasaki, Hiroshi, Takeshi Nakamura, Pewpan M. Intapan, Wanchai Maleewong, Yasuyuki Morishima, Hiromu Sugiyama, Hiroyuki Matsuoka, Kaoru Kobayashi, Katsuyoshi Takayama, and Yukuharu Kobayashi. "Development of a Rapid Diagnostic Kit That Uses an Immunochromatographic Device To Detect Antibodies in Human Sparganosis." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 21, no. 9 (July 2, 2014): 1360–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00149-14.

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ABSTRACTA diagnostic kit using an immunochromatographic device was developed to replace the time-consuming immunodiagnostic methods for human sparganosis. The kit was found to be faster and easier to use than an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and showed higher sensitivity and specificity. It will be useful for the laboratory diagnosis of hospitalized cases of sparganosis.

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Tran, Na T. D., Phuong Anh Ton Nu, Kitti Intuyod, Ly T. K. Dao, Porntip Pinlaor, Yukifumi Nawa, Kiattawee Choowongkomon, et al. "Evaluation of a Commercial Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit and In-House Fasciola gigantica Cysteine Proteinases-Based Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays for Diagnosis of Human Fascioliasis." American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene 100, no. 3 (March 6, 2019): 591–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.4269/ajtmh.18-0833.

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Jacquier, P., B. Gottstein, Y. Stingelin, and J. Eckert. "Immunodiagnosis of toxocarosis in humans: evaluation of a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 29, no. 9 (1991): 1831–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.29.9.1831-1835.1991.

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Sánchez, Lourdes, María D. Pérez, Pilar Puyol, Miguel Calvo, Gary Brett, T. M. P. Cattaneo, W. Haasnoot, et al. "Determination of Vegetal Proteins in Milk Powder by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay: Interlaboratory Study." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 85, no. 6 (November 1, 2002): 1390–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/85.6.1390.

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Abstract Eight laboratories participated in a collaborative study to evaluate an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to determine soy, pea, and wheat proteins in pasteurized or ultra-high temperature (UHT) milk powders. To perform this assay, polyclonal antibodies for soy, pea, and wheat proteins were obtained from rabbit sera. Collaborators received calibration standards composed of milk powder containing 0–8% (w/w) vegetal protein in total protein and blind test samples containing approximately 1, 2, and 5% (w/w) vegetal protein. An indirect competitive ELISA was performed with a kit prepared by a participating laboratory; the kit contained plates coated with soy, pea, or wheat proteins, the corresponding specific antisera, enzyme-labeled second antibody, and substrate solution. Test samples and calibrants were extracted with phosphate-buffered saline, pH 7.4, containing 0.05% Tween and assayed with the ELISA kits. The degree of adulteration was affected by the type of heat treatment applied to the samples. The estimated percentage of vegetal protein addition was close to the theoretical value for pasteurized samples but much lower for UHT samples. For pasteurized samples, intralaboratory relative standard deviations ranged from 5 to 22% and interlaboratory relative standard deviations ranged from 14 to 34%.

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VANDERLINDE, PAUL B., and FREDERICK H. GRAU. "Detection of Listeria spp. in Meat and Environmental Samples by an Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)." Journal of Food Protection 54, no. 3 (March 1, 1991): 230–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-54.3.230.

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An ELISA kit (TECRA™) for the detection of Listeria spp. was evaluated for its ability to detect these organisms in naturally contaminated meat and in environmental samples from meat processing plants. Of the 170 samples examined, Listeria monocytogenes and/or L. innocua were detected in 74 by enrichment and selective plating. Testing of the enrichment broths with the ELISA kit detected 72 of these positive samples and gave 2 false-negative and 2 false-positive reactions.

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Bugari, G., C. Poiesi, A. Beretta, S. Ghielmi, and A. Albertini. "Quantitative immunoenzymatic assay of human lutropin, with use of a bi-specific monoclonal antibody." Clinical Chemistry 36, no. 1 (January 1, 1990): 47–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/36.1.47.

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Abstract In this immunoenzymatic assay for human lutropin (hLH) we used bi-specific antibodies (BiAbs) obtained from the fusion of two hybridomas producing antibodies to beta-D-galactosidase and hLh. The BiAb complexed with the enzyme beta-D-galactosidase was used as tracer in a double-determinant assay. We compared the assay involving the BiAb (Bi-EIA) with an immunoenzymatic assay (EIA) in which the same capture antibody was used but the tracer was an enzyme-conjugated hLH-specific monoclonal antibody produced by the same parental cell line used to produce the BiAb. The coefficient of correlation (r) between the two assays was 0.979 but the Bi-EIA was more sensitive (detection limits: 0.8 int. units/L for the Bi-EIA, 2.0 int. units/L for the EIA) and more specific (less than 0.04% vs less than 1.2% cross-reactions with human choriogonadotropin). Mean intra- and interassay CVs for the Bi-EIA were 2.9% and 5.9%, respectively. Correlation (r) with an immunoradiometric assay (IRMA, Serono kit) was 0.960, with radioimmunoassay (RIA, Biodata kit) 0.909, and with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA kit, Specialty Medical Industries Inc.) 0.888, (n = 25). Evidently, bi-specific antibodies can be used successfully in immunoenzymatic assays, and with potentially greater sensitivity and specificity than assay with a traditional antibody-enzyme conjugate.

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NOURI, H. R., H. RAZZAZ, M. TAGHDIRI, K. TADAYON, and S. R. BANIHASHEMI. "Development of Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay for humoral immuneresponse and infection monitoring of anthrax." Journal of the Hellenic Veterinary Medical Society 71, no. 1 (April 14, 2020): 1935. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/jhvms.22964.

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Immune assays were taken into consideration to diagnose and quantify metabolites such as antigen and antibody. Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (ELISAs), which are used to detect antigens and antibodies, generated several periods of infectious and vaccination conditions. There is an extensive range of commercial infectious disease ELISA kits useful for the detection of human and animal IgG, IgA, IgM antibodies and microorganism antigens. Anthrax is one of the serious infectious diseases caused by rod-shaped, gram-positive bacteria known as Bacillus anthracis. Subunit or attenuated vaccines applied against anthrax disease increase the antibody against the Protective Antigen (PA) which has a critical role as a toxin of B. anthracis. Herein, the ELISA was developed using PA domain 4 and anthrax Lethal Factor to detect IgG antibody in serum. Besides, the level of anti-LF antibodies were determined as a complementary test to measure variance in antibody titers associated with vaccination or infection that leads to detection of anthrax in livestock. The results show that we developed high-quality ELISA kit that can be used to test immunogenicity of vaccines and infections in mice. We tried to develop the Anti- PA4 ELISA kit and conduct the validation studies to evaluate the fluctuation level of the antibody in the anthrax vaccine and distinction between disease and vaccination in mice.

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Sakai, Shinobu, Rieko Matsuda, Reiko Adachi, Hiroshi Akiyama, Tamio Maitani, Yasuo Ohno, Michihiro Oka, et al. "Interlaboratory Evaluation of Two Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits for the Determination of Crustacean Protein in Processed Foods." Journal of AOAC INTERNATIONAL 91, no. 1 (January 1, 2008): 123–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jaoac/91.1.123.

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Abstract The labeling of foods containing material derived from crustaceans such as shrimp and crab is to become mandatory in Japan because of increases in the number of allergy patients. To ensure proper labeling, 2 novel sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits for the determination of crustacean protein in processed foods, the N kit (Nissui Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd, Ibaraki, Japan) and the M kit (Maruha Nichiro Holdings, Inc., Ibaraki, Japan), have been developed. Five types of model processed foods containing 10 and/or 11.9 g/g crustacean soluble protein were prepared for interlaboratory evaluation of the performance of these kits. The N kit displayed a relatively high level of reproducibility relative standard deviation (interlaboratory precision; 4.08.4 RSDR) and sufficient recovery (6586) for all the model processed foods. The M kit displayed sufficient reproducibility (17.620.5 RSDR) and a reasonably high level of recovery (82103). The repeatability relative standard deviation (RSDr) values regarding the detection of crustacean proteins in the 5 model foods were mostly <5.1 RSDr for the N kit and 9.9 RSDr for the M kit. In conclusion, the results of this interlaboratory evaluation suggest that both these ELISA kits would be very useful for detecting crustacean protein in processed foods.

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Barrette, Roger W., Jessica Urbonas, and Lawrence K. Silbart. "Quantifying Specific Antibody Concentrations by Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Using Slope Correction." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 13, no. 7 (July 2006): 802–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00422-05.

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ABSTRACT Assessing the magnitude of an antibody response is important to many research and clinical endeavors; however, there are considerable differences in the experimental approaches used to achieve this end. Although the time-honored approach of end point titration has merit, the titer can often be misleading due to differences in how it is calculated or when samples contain high concentrations of low-avidity antibodies. One frequently employed alternative is to adapt commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, designed to measure total antibody concentrations, to estimate antigen-specific antibody concentrations. This is accomplished by coating the specific antigen of interest in place of the capture antibody provided with the kit and then using the kit's standard curve to quantify the specific antibody concentration. This approach introduces considerable imprecision, due primarily to its reliance on a single sample dilution. This “single-point” approach fails to address differences in the slope of the sample titration curve compared to that of the standard curve. Here, we describe a general approach for estimating the effective concentration of specific antibodies, using antisera against foot-and-mouth disease virus VP1 peptide. This was accomplished by initially calculating the slope of the sample titration curve and then mathematically correcting the slope to that of a corresponding standard curve. A significantly higher degree of precision was attained using this approach rather than the single-point method.

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Porter, Kevin R., Susana Widjaja, Handinata Darmawan, Lohita, Sri Hartati Hadiwijaya, Chairin Nisa Maroef, Wuryadi Suharyono, and Ratna Tan. "Evaluation of a Commercially Available Immunoglobulin M Capture Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for Diagnosing Acute Dengue Infections." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 6, no. 5 (September 1, 1999): 741–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.6.5.741-744.1999.

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ABSTRACT Recently, commercially available kits for the detection of anti-dengue virus (anti-DEN) immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies have been developed. These standardized assays have greatly enhanced our ability to effectively diagnose DEN infections. We conducted an evaluation of a test kit manufactured by MRL Diagnostics Inc. that is designed to detect anti-DEN IgM antibodies. Eighty paired samples from DEN-infected individuals were tested by the MRL DEN Fever Virus IgM Capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), the PanBio Duo ELISA, the PanBio Rapid Immunochromatographic Test (PRIT), and the IgM-IgG antibody capture (MAC/GAC) ELISA. All infections were confirmed by either PCR-assisted detection of DEN transcripts or by DEN isolation in C6/36 cells. Seventeen paired samples from individuals with no evidence of acute DEN infection were used as negative controls. The PRIT had the best sensitivity (100%), whereas the MAC/GAC ELISA and the PanBio Duo assay had the highest levels of specificity. The MRL ELISA and the PanBio Duo assay were the top performers when taking into consideration both sensitivity and specificity. All assays were able to detect DEN-specific antibodies in samples from patients with either primary or secondary infections, regardless of the infecting DEN serotype.

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de Echaide, S. T., I. E. Echaide, A. B. Gaido, A. J. Mangold, C. I. Lugaresi, V. R. Vanzini, and A. A. Guglielmone. "Evaluation of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit to detect Babesia bovis antibodies in cattle." Preventive Veterinary Medicine 24, no. 4 (October 1995): 277–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-5877(95)00485-f.

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31

Gono, Takahisa, Yuka Okazaki, Akihiro Murakami, and Masataka Kuwana. "Improved quantification of a commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for measuring anti-MDA5 antibody." Modern Rheumatology 29, no. 1 (April 9, 2018): 140–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14397595.2018.1452179.

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32

WILLFORD, JOHN, KENNETH MILLS, and LAWRENCE D. GOODRIDGE. "Evaluation of Three Commercially Available Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits for Detection of Shiga Toxin." Journal of Food Protection 72, no. 4 (April 1, 2009): 741–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-72.4.741.

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Three commercially available Shiga toxin (Stx) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were evaluated for their ability to detect Stx in pure cultures of Stx-producing Escherichia coli (specificity). The detection limits (sensitivity) of each ELISA kit were also evaluated. Seventy-eight Stx-producing E. coli (STEC) isolates that produced Stx1, Stx2, or Stx1 and Stx2 variants were examined in this study. The specificities of the tests were comparable, and the sensitivities of two of the tests (Premier EHEC and rBiopharm Ridascreen Verotoxin Enzyme Immunoassay) were within the same order of magnitude. The ProSpecT Shiga Toxin E. coli Microplate Assay was approximately 10-fold less sensitive. The inability of all three tests to detect the Stx2d and Stx2e variants indicated that some STEC strains may not be detected by Stx ELISA. The ability of the Premier EHEC ELISA to detect toxin in artificially inoculated bovine fecal samples (following enrichment) indicated that this kit may be used to screen cattle for the presence of Stx as an indicator of the presence of STEC. In particular, such a screening method could be useful during the summer, when the number of STEC-positive animals and the number of STEC that they shed increase.

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KATSOUDAS, EUGENIA, and HOSSNY H. ABDELMESSEH. "Enzyme Inhibition and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Methods for Carbamate Pesticide Residue Analysis in Fresh Produce." Journal of Food Protection 63, no. 12 (December 1, 2000): 1758–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-63.12.1758.

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An acetylcholinesterase inhibition method was employed for detection of 21 carbamate pesticides in bananas, peaches, strawberries, and tomatoes. Each of these four agricultural commodities was spiked with 0.1 to 10 ppm of each of the 21 carbamates and individual detection levels were determined. Similar responses and detection limits were observed for all four produce when tested for a given carbamate. The detection levels ranged from 0.1 ppm for carbofuran and 3-hydroxycarbofuran to 6 ppm for promecarb and aldicarb sulfoxide. These results are generally at or below the tolerances established by the Environmental Protection Agency for these commodities. Positive samples from the enzyme inhibition screening were also analyzed with the carbaryl-specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. The detection limits for carbaryl and carbofuran were 2.0 ppb and 8.0 ppb, respectively. The other carbamates did not exhibit cross-reactivity even at high ppb levels. Thus, the enzyme inhibition assay and ELISA are simple and fast screening procedures for the detection of carbamate pesticide residues in food commodities.

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Craig, W. Y., S. E. Poulin, N. R. Forster, L. M. Neveux, N. J. Wald, and T. B. Ledue. "Effect of Sample Storage on the Assay of Lipoprotein(a) by Commercially Available Radial Immunodiffusion and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kits." Clinical Chemistry 38, no. 4 (April 1, 1992): 550–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/38.4.550.

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Abstract Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] was measured by both a radial immunodiffusion (RID) kit from Immuno AG (Zurich, Switzerland) and a Tint Elize enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit from CytRx Biopool Ltd. (Umeå, Sweden) in serum samples that had been stored at -20 and -70 degrees C for six months. Storage temperature had no significant effect on the Lp(a) concentrations obtained by either method. After six months, mean Lp(a) degradation was 46% (95% confidence interval, 34-58%) with the RID kit; the ELISA data could not be compared between time points. In fresh sera, Lp(a) concentrations obtained by RID were 41% higher than by ELISA (because of differences in assay calibration materials), but in paired measurements of a set of 215 samples stored at -40 degrees C for an average of 10 years, Lp(a) concentrations were 62% lower by RID. This suggests that RID is more sensitive to the effects of long-term storage than is ELISA.

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35

Burastero, S. E., C. Paolucci, D. Breda, G. Monasterolo, R. E. Rossi, and L. Vangelista. "Unreliable Measurement of Basophil Maximum Leukotriene Release with the Bühlmann CAST 2000 Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 13, no. 3 (March 2006): 420–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.13.3.420-422.2006.

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ABSTRACT The Bühlmann CAST 2000 enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay is a potentially useful assay for measuring sulfidoleukotrienes released in vitro by allergen-challenged basophils. However, we observed that the positive-control reagent yielded positive signals in cell-free systems. These false-positive results depended on using a mouse anti-FcεRI monoclonal antibody and were prevented by degranulation-inducing reagents other than mouse monoclonal antibodies.

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Lukhverchyk, L. N., G. L. Alatortseva, L. N. Nesterenko, V. Y. Kabargina, V. V. Dotsenko, I. I. Amiantova, O. B. Vylivannaya, et al. "Development of the ELISA Test System for Quantitative Determination of IgG to the Varizella zoster virus in Human Serum and Assessment of its Diagnostic Efficiency." Epidemiology and Vaccinal Prevention 20, no. 6 (January 6, 2022): 72–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.31631/2073-3046-2021-20-6-72-80.

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Relevance. The introduction of Varicella vaccine prophylaxis explains the need to develop a methodology for monitoring the vaccination effectiveness and the intensity of population immunity. This problem can be solved using quantitative immunoassay methods. Aim. Development of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the concentration of class G immunoglobulins (AB) to Varicella zoster virus (VZV) determining and assessing its functional characteristics and diagnostic efficiency. Materials and methods. Recombinant antigen GE VZV. WHO International Standard for Antibodies to VZV W1044. Blood serum samples from healthy people and patients with Chickenpox and Herpes zoster, blood serum samples containing IgG antibodies to herpes simplex viruses of the first and second types, cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus. Anti-VZV ELISA (IgG) reagent kit (Euroimmun, Germany). Indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Immunization of animals with recombinant antigen GE, isolation, and purification of specific antibodies. Conjugation of monoclonal antibodies to human IgG with antibodies to antigen GE and with horseradish peroxidase. Results. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in «an indirect» format has been developed to determine the specific antibodies to VZV concentration (IU/ml) in human serum/plasma. An artificial calibrator for determining the concentration of AB-VZV had been synthesized and standardized according to the International WHO-standard W1044. The main functional characteristics of the developed enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay are determined in accordance with GOST 51352-2013. The diagnostic kit was tested on blood serum samples from children with chickenpox (n = 43), adults with Herpes zoster (n = 158), healthy individuals (n = 781). The diagnostic sensitivity of the test system was 85%, the diagnostic specificity was 87% according to the ROC analysis. The absence of cross-reactivity of the test system was shown on samples with serological markers of other herpesvirus infections (n = 94). Comparative trials of the developed test system and its commercial analog, the Anti-VZV ELISA (IgG) reagent kit, did not reveal statistically significant differences between their functional characteristics. Conclusions. The developed test system for determining of the AB-VZV concentration in human serum/plasma in terms of its functional characteristics meets the GOST requirements, is characterized by high diagnostic efficiency, can be used to monitor the effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis and strength of population immunity, as well as to assess the immune response in chickenpox and Herpes zoster.

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Sankar, Manimuthu Mani, Veena Balooni, Jitendra Singh, and Sarman Singh. "Diagnostic Performance of Commercially Available Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit in the Diagnosis of Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis." Journal of Laboratory Physicians 5, no. 01 (January 2013): 11–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/0974-2727.115902.

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ABSTRACT Objectives: Antibody based serodiagnosis tests for tuberculosis (TB) was used widely in developed and developing countries. Pathozyme Myco® immunoglobulin (Ig) M, IgA, and IgG were evaluated in pulmonary TB in many studies. Materials and Methods: In this study we assessed this commercially available kit in detecting extrapulmonary TB (EPTB). Results: A total of 354 subjects were recruited for the study, of which 217 (61.2%) were EPTB patients and 137 (38.7%) were subjects with no suggestive TB. The mean age was 29.7 ± 13.7 and 31.2 ± 15.2 years, respectively for two groups. Serum samples were tested for IgM, IgA, and IgG using Pathozyme Myco® IgM, IgA, and IgG kit. The individual specificity rates of IgM, IgA, and IgG were 70.8% (95% confidence interval (CI): 62.7-77.7), 77.3% (95% CI: 68.6-83.5), and 68.6%. (95% CI: 60.4-75.7); while their sensitivity was 29% (95% CI: 23.4-35.4), 24.4% (95% CI: 19.1-30.5), and 34.5% (95% CI: 28.5-41.1); respectively. Conclusion: The serological tests either singly or in combination failed or performed poorly to diagnose EPTB.

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Benson, Robert F., Patrick W. Tang, and Barry S. Fields. "Evaluation of the Binax and Biotest Urinary Antigen Kits for Detection of Legionnaires' Disease Due to Multiple Serogroups and Species of Legionella." Journal of Clinical Microbiology 38, no. 7 (2000): 2763–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.38.7.2763-2765.2000.

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The Binax and the Biotest urinary antigen kits for the detection of Legionnaires' disease caused by organisms other than Legionella pneumophila were compared by testing 45 urine samples from non-Legionella pneumophila serogroup 1 patients previously positive in a broad-spectrum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Eighteen were positive with the Binax kit, and 13 were positive with the Biotest. Although neither kit is as sensitive as ELISA, these results extend the number of serogroups and species ofLegionella that can be diagnosed with the Binax or Biotest kit.

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Gera, A., A. Kritzman, and J. Cohen. "Pittosporum tobira: A New Host for Tomato spotted wilt virus in Israel." Plant Health Progress 1, no. 1 (January 2000): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/php-2000-0605-01-hn.

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In July 1998, Pittosporum tobira shrubs, grown in a nursery in the Sharon Valley of Israel, developed foliar ring spots, mild mosaic, and tip necrosis. Of 15 samples tested for the presence of Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) with a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit (Loewe Biochemica, Otterfing, Germany), 14 were positive for TSWV. Posted 5 June 2000.

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Lyu, Zhaoyuan, Shichao Ding, Nan Zhang, Yang Zhou, Nan Cheng, Maoyu Wang, Mingjie Xu та ін. "Single-Atom Nanozymes Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Sensitive Detection of Aβ 1-40: A Biomarker of Alzheimer’s Disease". Research 2020 (19 жовтня 2020): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.34133/2020/4724505.

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Single-atom nanozymes (SANs) possess unique features of maximum atomic utilization and present highly assembled enzyme-like structure and remarkable enzyme-like activity. By introducing SANs into immunoassay, limitations of ELISA such as low stability of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) can be well addressed, thereby improving the performance of the immunoassays. In this work, we have developed novel Fe-N-C single-atom nanozymes (Fe-Nx SANs) derived from Fe-doped polypyrrole (PPy) nanotube and substituted the enzymes in ELISA kit for enhancing the detection sensitivity of amyloid beta 1-40. Results indicate that the Fe-Nx SANs contain high density of single-atom active sites and comparable enzyme-like properties as HRP, owing to the maximized utilization of Fe atoms and their abundant active sites, which could mimic natural metalloproteases structures. Further designed SAN-linked immunosorbent assay (SAN-LISA) demonstrates the ultralow limit of detection (LOD) of 0.88 pg/mL, much more sensitive than that of commercial ELISA (9.98 pg/mL). The results confirm that the Fe-Nx SANs can serve as a satisfactory replacement of enzyme labels, which show great potential as an ultrasensitive colorimetric immunoassay.

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Ipandi, Irvan, Ashon Sa'adi, and Sudjarwo Sudjarwo. "Verifikasi Metode ELISA (Enzym Linked Immunosorbent Assay) Untuk Penentuan Kadar AMH (Anti Mullerian Hormone)." Jurnal Surya Medika 5, no. 1 (August 31, 2019): 201–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.33084/jsm.v5i1.973.

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Validation is the process of confirming that the method used has capabilities that are consistent with what is needed while being used continuously. The AMH ELISA kit has carried out a method validation process before marketed and used in a laboratory to determine AMH levels. AMH is a specific biomarker used to diagnose PCOS patients. The laboratory can adopt a validated procedure but the laboratory still needs to confirm its ability to apply this method. Verification is the provision of objective evidence that the measured parameters meet the specified requirements. The purpose of this study was to find out how well verification of the ELISA AMH kit and comparing the calculation of 4 PL with linear regression. Based on the statistical test obtained p = 0.871 (p>0.05). It can be said that there was no significant difference between Optical Density days 1 and 7(p = 0.05). Linear regression equation (r) 0.9543 (p = 0.000; p <0.05) while in equation 4 PL (r) 1,000. The ELISA kit AMH method meets the verification requirements. The 4PL model calibration curve is more suitable to be used in the AMH ELISA kit than the linear regression model.

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GARBER, ERIC A. E., and VICKERY A. BREWER. "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Detection of Melamine in Infant Formula and Wheat Food Products." Journal of Food Protection 73, no. 4 (April 1, 2010): 701–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-73.4.701.

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The adulteration of food products with melamine to inflate the nitrogen content necessitates the establishment of analytical methods that can distinguish between proteinaceous ingredients and such adulterants. The specificity and ability to detect melamine by two commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits were evaluated along with three protocols for sample preparation. Both ELISAs displayed cross-reactivity with ammeline, but neither was able to detect ammelide or cyanuric acid, indicating either a requirement for the 4,6-diamino-1,3,5-triazine structure or inability to bind 1,3,5-triazine-4,6-diones. The limits of detection for melamine in powder infant formula ranged from 0.2 to 3 μg/g depending on the ELISA kit and the method used to prepare the sample. The limits of detection for melamine in liquid infant formula and wheat products were <1 μg/ml and <2.5 μg/g, respectively. The ELISA kits provide an effective alternative for the analysis of samples suspected of containing melamine without relying on extensive sample preparation or expensive instrumentation.

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HARMON, STANLEY M., and DONALD A. KAUTTER. "Evaluation of a Reversed Passive Latex Agglutination Test Kit for Clostridium perfringens Enterotoxin." Journal of Food Protection 49, no. 7 (July 1, 1986): 523–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x-49.7.523.

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A reversed passive latex agglutination (RPLA) test kit for Clostridium perfringens enterotoxin (CPE) marketed by the Denka-Seiken Co., Tokyo, Japan, was evaluated by using culture supernatant fluids and extracts from feces of food poisoning patients. Nanograms of CPE were detectable with the assay and the reaction was specific, as shown by parallel activity in a double antibody enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Although less sensitive, the RPLA method is easier to perform than the ELISA and counterimmunoelectrophoresis, both of which require special test reagents and equipment not generally available.

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RENUKARADHYA, G. J., S. ISLOOR, J. R. CROWTHER, M. M. ROBINSON, and M. RAJASEKHAR. "Development and field validation of an avidin-biotin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit for bovine brucellosis." Revue Scientifique et Technique de l'OIE 20, no. 3 (December 1, 2001): 749–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.20506/rst.20.3.1304.

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45

Johnson, Amy L., Thomas J. Divers, and Yung-Fu Chang. "Validation of an In-Clinic Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay Kit for Diagnosis ofBorrelia BurgdorferiInfection in Horses." Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 20, no. 3 (May 2008): 321–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/104063870802000309.

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46

Zhong, Qing Ping, An Cheng Huang, Bin Wang, and Xue Dong. "Development of Direct Competitive ELISA Kit for the Detection of Tetrodotoxin Using HRP Labeled Antigen." Advanced Materials Research 236-238 (May 2011): 2820–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.236-238.2820.

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The direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (dcELISA) kit was developed for detecting tetrodotoxin (TTX). The working conditions of the dcELISA kit including the anti-TTX mAb coating concentration, coating method, enzyme-labeled antigen concentration, the antigen diluents, reaction time and temperature were all optimized. The result showed that mAb coating concentration was 3.72 μg/ml, it was coated at the condition of minimal power treatment of microwave oven for 3 min. The enzyme-labeled antigen concentration was 4.08 μg/ml. The competitive reaction was under the condition of room temperature 25 °C for 30 min. The half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of the standard curve was 20.4 ng/ml, detection limit was 1.1 ng/ml, linear range 3.3～137 ng/ml, the intra-assay CV and inter-assay CV were 6.25% and 7.34% respectively. And recovery rate of TTX ranged from 65.0% to 93.2% with the CV of 9.41～12.77%. This method is convenient, sensitive and time-saving, hope this dcELISA kit can bring benefits and reference for TTX detection.

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Souza, Vanda Akico Ueda Fick de, Laura Masami Sumita, Mary Eiko S. Otsubo, Kioko Takei, and Cláudio Sérgio Pannuti. "Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay for rubella antibodies: a simple method of antigen production. A preliminary report." Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo 37, no. 4 (August 1995): 357–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0036-46651995000400013.

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A simple method of rubella antigen production by treatment with sodium desoxycholate for use in enzyme immunoassay (IMT-ELISA) is presented. When this assay was compared with a commercial test (Enzygnost-Rubella, Behring), in the study of 108 sera and 118 filter paper blood samples, 96.9% (219/226) overall agreement and correlation coefficient of 0.90 between absorbances were observed. Seven samples showed discordant results, negative by the commercial kit and positive by our test. Four of those 7 samples were available, being 3 positive by HI.

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Ge, Meng, Wei Luo, Daliang Jiang, Runcheng Li, Wenwei Zhao, Guoliang Chen, Xingdong Yang, and Xinglong Yu. "Development and Application of a Double-Antigen Sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Detection of Antibodies to Porcine Circovirus 2." Clinical and Vaccine Immunology 19, no. 9 (July 18, 2012): 1480–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cvi.00234-12.

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ABSTRACTA double-antigen sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is described for detection of porcine circovirus 2 (PCV2) antibodies using the well-characterized recombinant PCV2 capsid protein. In a comparative test of 394 pig sera against an indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) test and a commercial ELISA kit (also based on the recombinant PCV2 capsid protein), the results showed that the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of the assay were, respectively, 90.61, 94.02, and 91.62% compared with IIF and 94.38, 95.28, and 94.67% compared with the commercial ELISA kit. Assay of 12 PCV-free pigs over a 5-week period produced only PCV2-negative titers by all 3 methods. These results and the seroprofiles of 4 pig farms obtained by both the commercial ELISA kit and the double-antigen sandwich ELISA indicate that the sandwich ELISA is a reliable method for detection of antibodies to PCV2. Additionally, the method described here permits the use of undiluted test serum samples simultaneously loaded with horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-conjugated antigen into the test well, and the complete test procedure can be performed in less than 90 min. This double-antigen sandwich ELISA should be a useful tool to aid swine industry professionals in deciding the intervention strategies for the control of PCV2-associated diseases.

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Roodbari, F., M. H. Roustai, A. Mostafaie, H. Soleimanjdahi, R. Sarrami Foroshani, and F. Sabahi. "Development of an Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Immunoglobulin M Antibodies against Measles Virus." Clinical Diagnostic Laboratory Immunology 10, no. 3 (May 2003): 439–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/cdli.10.3.439-442.2003.

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ABSTRACT Measles is a highly contagious respiratory virus infection, with typical clinical symptoms including maculopapular rash, fever, cough, coryza, and conjunctivitis. Despite implementation of widespread vaccination programs throughout the world, the rates of global morbidity and mortality are still considerable. This study was performed to design a reliable indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to measure measles-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM). First, human IgM was purified, and then an anti-IgM antibody was produced in rabbits and purified in a multistep process. The rabbit IgG against human IgM was conjugated with peroxidase. Measles virus-infected Vero cells produced viral antigen. One hundred serum samples from infants of 9 to 18 months of age, mostly vaccinated, were evaluated for determining the presence of specific IgM antibodies against measles virus. The samples were also evaluated for neutralizing antibodies against measles virus by a microneutralization test (MNT). By comparing the results of the ELISA with those of MNT, it was demonstrated that ELISA had a sensitivity and specificity of 100 and 92%, respectively. On the other hand, when the results obtained by our ELISA system were compared with those of an imported measles virus IgM ELISA kit (EIAgen; Adaltis Italia SPa, Bologna, Italy), a high level of agreement was shown (k = 0.926).

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Kohmer, Niko, Cornelia Rühl, Sandra Ciesek, and Holger F. Rabenau. "Utility of Different Surrogate Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assays (sELISAs) for Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibodies." Journal of Clinical Medicine 10, no. 10 (May 14, 2021): 2128. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm10102128.

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The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is a preferred method for the detection of functional, SARS-CoV-2 specific neutralizing antibodies from serum samples. Alternatively, surrogate enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) using ACE2 as the target structure for the detection of neutralization-competent antibodies have been developed. They are capable of high throughput, have a short turnaround time, and can be performed under standard laboratory safety conditions. However, there are very limited data on their clinical performance and how they compare to the PRNT. We evaluated three surrogate immunoassays (GenScript SARS-CoV-2 Surrogate Virus Neutralization Test Kit (GenScript Biotech, Piscataway Township, NJ, USA), the TECO® SARS-CoV-2 Neutralization Antibody Assay (TECOmedical AG, Sissach, Switzerland), and the Leinco COVID-19 ImmunoRank™ Neutralization MICRO-ELISA (Leinco Technologies, Fenton, MO, USA)) and one automated quantitative SARS-CoV-2 Spike protein-based IgG antibody assay (Abbott GmbH, Wiesbaden, Germany) by testing 78 clinical samples, including several follow-up samples of six BNT162b2 (BioNTech/Pfizer, Mainz, Germany/New York, NY, USA) vaccinated individuals. Using the PRNT as a reference method, the overall sensitivity of the examined assays ranged from 93.8 to 100% and specificity ranged from 73.9 to 91.3%. Weighted kappa demonstrated a substantial to almost perfect agreement. The findings of our study allow these assays to be considered when a PRNT is not available. However, the latter still should be the preferred choice. For optimal clinical performance, the cut-off value of the TECO assay should be individually adapted.

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