Дисертації з теми "Essais de corrosion accélérée"
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Morel, Jean-Michel. "Rôle de la structuration des patines formées sur acier autopatinable vis-àvis de la résistance à la corrosion atmosphérique : Influence de la diminution des teneurs en SO2 dans les atmosphères post-industrielles." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022LAROS015.
Повний текст джерелаThe aim of this work was to determine the extent to which the drastic reduction in SO2 levels in postindustrial atmospheres affected the corrosion kinetics of weathering steels as well as their morphology, chemical composition and crystallographic structure. The experiments covered a wide spectrum of steel grades, exposure time and conditions of formation of these patinas. The structuring of the patinas has been studied with in particular the implementation of cryogenic fractography as well as the kinetics corrosion monitoring. Corrosion products formed on weathering steels or on conventional steels have a similar structuration consisting of a layer of laminated lepidocrocite over denser and more protective corrosion products, usually goethite. These products extend up to forming a relatively homogeneous protective layer. The analysis of the defects of the patinas suggests a very close relation between their density and the corrosion rate. Alloying elements would then play a role in reducing these defects but the exact mechanisms remain to be established. All these results have led to questioning the parameters of the predictive corrosion resistance model of the ISO 9223 standard because they are not adapted to environments with very low level of SO2. They also made it possible to propose an alternative and on destructive method of monitoring the corrosion’s performance of low-alloy steels, this family encompassing so-called weathering steels
Auger, Fernand. "Altération des roches sous influence marine, dégradation des pierres en oeuvre, simulation accélérée en laboratoire." Poitiers, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987POIT2018.
Повний текст джерелаNguyen, Huy Dung. "Tenue à la corrosion en atmosphères naturelles et artificielles de revêtements électridéposés à base de zinc." Lille 1, 2005. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2005/50376-2005-140.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRiou, Véronique. "Etude et mise au point de procédures d'essais accélérés de corrosion atmosphérique : application aux revêtements zingués et zingués chromatés." Montpellier 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994MON20180.
Повний текст джерелаProvete, Vincler Juliano. "Effet de la migration accélérée du chlore sur la durabilité des BFUP." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/33490.
Повний текст джерелаUltra-high-performance fiber reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) is exceptionally durable. Accelerated migration tests are commonly applied to measure the chloride diffusion. This test is applied with difficulty to cementitious composites because their very low permeability, or not at all when these composites such as UHPCs contain metallic fibers. In order to improve its durability in the structural application, there is now a critical need to accurately assess the level of permeability, so that companies gain confidence in using this emerging material on the market. Chloride profiles and relatively low chloride diffusion coefficients Dcl were found for the UHPFRC with organic and metallic fibers. However, some samples with metallic fibers showed corrosion and cracking before the end of the accelerated migration test.
TEBBI, Ouahiba. "ESTIMATION DES LOIS DE FIABILITE EN MECANIQUE PAR LES ESSAIS ACCELERES." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00009407.
Повний текст джерелаEnsuite, nous présentons essentiellement les méthodes d'estimation de la fiabilité par les essais dans le cycle de développement d'un produit. Différentes catégories d'essais interviennent dans les études conceptuelles, les programmes de développement et les processus de fabrication. Nous montrons que les essais accélérés sont les plus courts avec un avantage certain économiquement.
La dernière partie, est consacrée à l'étude des méthodes d'essais accélérés et leurs applications en mécanique. En particulier, nous considérons l'application des modèles standards de vie accélérée (SVA) à des composants soumis au dommage par fatigue, en menant des analyses théoriques, par simulation et expérimentales. Pour cela, nous avons développé un modèle d'essai de fatigue à partir des modèles d'endommagement par fatigue, ce modèle a été validé par des outils de simulation. Ensuite nous avons appliqué les modèles SVA selon deux types de plans d'expériences, un plan d'essai par régression et un deuxième avec endommagement préalable accéléré. Des approches paramétrique, semi-paramétrique et non paramétrique sont utilisées pour estimer les paramètres des modèles en question.
Cette étude a permis d'estimer la fiabilité des systèmes soumis à des dégradations mécaniques, dans les conditions normales d'utilisation et pour la première fois de démontrer l'applicabilité des modèles SVA avec des données réelles des plans d'expériences dans le domaine de la mécanique.
Pineau, Samuel. "Interactions entre les communautés bactériennes et les processus de corrosion accélérée des structures métalliques en environnement marin." Compiègne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006COMP1664.
Повний текст джерелаAccelerated corrosion phenomenons are studied from an in situ experimentation conducted in several ports using metallographic, chemical, microbiological and molecular biology analytical methods. The results showed some variations of corrosion deposit composition according to immersion zones, including high bacterial diversity. The habitat and mixed populations notions have been proposed. The observation of "terrace-like" corrosion suggested repetitive desquamations of deposits even when a hypothesis of localised acidification is proposed for attacks processes under tubercles. This process could be induced by biogenic sulphides oxidation, microbial synergetic relationships and corrosion products structure. Many applied research outlooks are suggested, especially for the methodological development of survey, diagnostic and risk assessment processes in industrial domain
Vervisch-Fortuné, Isabelle. "Sensibilité de la technique d'émission acoustique à la corrosion des armatures dans le béton." Toulouse 3, 2009. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/666/.
Повний текст джерелаCorrosion of reinforcement is a major cause of concrete deterioration. The two most common mechanisms contributing to the development of corrosion are penetration of chlorides and carbonation of cover concrete. These two mechanisms induce two types of corrosion, pitting and generalised corrosion. One of the non destructive techniques used in Civil Engineering, acoustic emission, extends to monitor the corrosion of prestressing cables and metal structures. The objective of this thesis is firstly to define an accelerated corrosion test able to provide conditions close to natural corrosion and secondly to check the sensitivity of acoustic emission for detecting the effect of early corrosion in reinforced concrete. Usual electrochemical methods are used to validate the results obtained by acoustic emission. These methods, potential of corrosion measure and corrosion rate measurement being RILEM recommendations, remain intrusive methods requiring access to the rebar. From a literature review, various tests were studied, first using high impressed corrosion currents and then by decreasing gradually the current to values existing in structures. Different conditions for initiating corrosion, as an attack by chlorides and carbonation of cover concrete, were also tested. This enables the development of an accelerated corrosion test with densities of corrosion current close to the natural ones. It's about creating a macro-cell by connecting both two rebars in the same concrete, one of the rebar being depassivated by carbonation of concrete, the second remaining in a passive state. Different galvanic currents are obtained with different anodic and cathodic surfaces and distances between electrodes. .
Dupuis, Jennifer. "Investigation d’alliages à base de titane de types béta-métastables pour applications marines : cas particulier d’un winch innovant." Thesis, Rennes, INSA, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ISAR0028/document.
Повний текст джерелаTitanium alloys are used in numerous fields as aerospace industry, automotive industry, off-shore industry, and, in several applications such as medical and marine applications. This is due to their good properties like high mechanical strength, low density and excellent corrosion resistance. In order to be used for an innovating winch and so in a marine environment, we have chosen to study three β-metastable titanium alloys which are Ti-6.8Mo-4.5Fe-1.5Al, Ti-15Mo-2.7Nb-3Al-0.2Si and Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr. In marine environment, materials are exposed to tough conditions which can generate their destruction. Several modes of degradation exist. It is so interesting to evaluate the corrosion resistance of these alloys and to search their best corrosion protection. So, the heart of the study is to select titanium alloys to meet the specifications of the innovating winch. At first, we defined thermomechanical treatments for those titanium alloys and then these materials were characterized to know their mechanical and metallurgical properties. These tests allowed us to have a well knowledge of mechanical properties of these alloys and to choose which alloys can be employed in a winch. Then, galvanic corrosion tests were made in nitric acid, sodium chloride and sodium hydroxide. We measured potential differences between our treated titanium alloys and other materials which may be used in a winch such as stainless steels, aluminum alloys and leaded brass. Then, in order to evaluate the behavior of the passive film in marine environment of titanium alloys, electrochemical corrosion tests were conducted using a three-electrode method in sodium chloride and natural seawater electrolytes. So, free potential and cyclic voltammetry measurements were conducted. The flaw of titanium alloys is their low friction coefficient. So in order to improve the coefficient of friction of titanium alloys it is useful to do a surface treatment. In this study, a gaseous nitriding thermochemical treatment was done for the most recent developed alloy among the three studied nuances, which is Ti-5Al-5Mo-5V-3Cr. Then this treated alloy was characterized too similarly to the three thermomechanical treated titanium alloys. All of tests we led allowed us to know which titanium alloys with which thermomechanical and surface treatments may be used for the innovating winch
Lopez, Nathalie. "Mise en évidence par les essais EPR de la sensibilité à la corrosion intergranulaire et à la corrosion sous contrainte des aciers austéno-ferritiques." Bordeaux 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BOR10529.
Повний текст джерелаAlami, Jaafar el. "Recherche par des essais de traction lente des conditions de corrosion sous contrainte d'aciers faiblement allies." Paris, ENSAM, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENAM0006.
Повний текст джерелаAlami, Jaafar el. "Recherche par des essais de traction lente des conditions de corrosion sous contraintes d'aciers faiblement alliés." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376021720.
Повний текст джерелаMiroud, Lakhdar. "Étude par traction lente de la corrosion sous contrainte des aciers au carbone en milieu alcalin : rôle des inhibiteurs passivants." Compiègne, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991COMPD371.
Повний текст джерелаServeaux, Jérémy. "Rupture ductile d’un conteneur de déchets radioactifs HA soudé et soumis à une corrosion généralisée." Thesis, Troyes, 2019. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03180078.
Повний текст джерелаAndra, the French national radioactive waste management agency, is in charge of studying the possibility of disposal of High Level activity Wastes (HLW) in deep geological repository. Andra has planned to encapsulate HLW in non-alloy P285NH steel overpacks before inserting them into horizontal steel cased micro-tunnels called HLW disposal cells. The objective of this PhD is to study the long-term behavior of a welded steel overpack subjected to mechanical loading and generalized corrosion. Several tensile tests have been performed on smooth and notched specimens taken from both base material and welded material. For these materials, an elastoplastic behavior model with mixed nonlinear hardening strongly coupled with ductile isotropic damage and weakly coupled with generalized corrosion is developed. It is formulated based on the classical thermodynamics of irreversible processes framework with state variables at the macroscopic scale assuming the large plastic strains and small elastic strains. The comparisons between numerical and experimental results allow us to be confident in the capability of numerical simulations performed on P285NH to simulate the initiation and propagation of cracks. Finally, the addition of corrosion allows performing multiple simulations on overpacks, subjected to different mechanical loading conditions and corrosion conditions
Bordignon, Mélanie. "Limites d’utilisation des revêtements d’étain en connectique automobile." Paris, ENMP, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ENMP1667.
Повний текст джерелаTin coatings are widely used in automotive connectors for applications where temperature are not too severe. Currently, there is no consensus concerning the limit temperature to use tin coatings. The aim of this study is to study the thermal ageing of the copper/tin systems in the connector field, and to estimate the lifetime performance, i. E. Under a medium current (producing Joule effect), and in a vibratory state (fretting-corrosion). The copper/tin interdiffusion leads to the formation of intermetallic phases (Cu6Sn5 et Cu3Sn). The growth kinetics of intermetallics is studied as a function of the nature of the coating, of the use of a nickel underlayer or not, (leading to the formation of a Ni3Sn4 intermetallic phase), and of the nature of the copper substrate (alloying elements). The measure of the parabolic growth coefficient allows to rank the substrate/coating systems in terms of the growth rate of the intermetallics. Intermetallics are signifificantly harder than pure tin. Joule effect tests (leading to a temperature rise) and fretting-corrosion tests are undertaken on different specimens, aged and non aged. The temperature rise due to Joule heating is directly a function of the contact area and the coating hardness is a decisive parameter in the control of the temperature rise at the contact spot. But the conductive contact area also depends on the oxydability of the coating, because the presence of oxide can reduce it. The phenomenon can be increased by vibrations : oxide production is accelerated, and and formation of oxide debris can lead to microcuts and disruption of the contacts. Fretting-corrosion tests are also performed to predict reliability, with two types of experiments: a variable displacement test and a lifetime test. The variable displacement test are done to identify the transition between partial slip (low displacement values, for which the lifetime is considered infinite), and gross slip (higher displacement values, for which lifetime is limited). Lifetime tests allow to compare the durability of the different specimens tested. Observations of the fretting scars are made to understand the failure mechanism. The degradation of electrical properties of tinned contacts are due to oxidation and wear, leading to microcuts emergence. The degradation of intermetallic contacts is due to an embrittlement of the coating, leading to the spalling of the intermetallics and to a change in the failure mode with the production of copper oxide debris, leading rapidly to an electrical insulation at the contact spot
Larignon, Céline. "Mécanismes d'endommagement par corrosion et vieillissement microstructural d'éléments de structure d'aéronef en alliage d'aluminium 2024-T351." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/6994/1/larignon_partie_1_sur_2.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаRouleau, Nicolas, and Nicolas Rouleau. "Évaluation de l'efficacité de traitements pour la prévention ou la mitigation de la corrosion de l'acier d'armature dans les éléments en béton armé." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/24295.
Повний текст джерелаCette étude visait à évaluer l’efficacité de différentes techniques de protection à prolonger la durée de vie des infrastructures en béton susceptibles d’être atteintes de corrosion des armatures. L’objectif principal du projet était de fournir des informations quantitatives sur l’influence de certaines des stratégies les plus couramment utilisées pour protéger les ouvrages contre la pénétration de l’humidité et des ions chlorure ainsi que pour contrôler l’initiation et la propagation de la réaction de corrosion. Ainsi, l’impact de l’utilisation de scellants non coupe-vapeur, de membranes et de produits inhibiteurs de corrosion (migrateur et adjuvant) a été étudié. Les différents traitements ont été testés sur des corps d’épreuve pré-conditionnés de manière à présenter quatre niveaux de contamination et de détérioration : état vierge non corrodé, état contaminé par les ions chlorure mais non corrodé, état de corrosion initiée et état de propagation de la corrosion. Un des objectifs spécifiques de cette étude était d’évaluer l’influence des différents traitements sur l’évolution de facteurs comme la distribution interne de l’humidité relative, la distribution des ions chlorure ainsi que l’activité de corrosion. Pour ce faire, 51 dalles de béton armé ont été fabriquées et exposées à des cycles de mouillage (brouillard salin) et de séchage dans une chambre environnementale. Afin de caractériser l’évolution de l’activité de corrosion propre à chaque condition, un suivi électrochimique des éléments comportant des mesures de potentiel électrochimique et de résistance à la polarisation linéaire a été assuré. À la suite de la période de cyclage dans la chambre de brouillard salin, une autopsie a été pratiqué sur une sélection de corps d’épreuve. Cette opération avait pour but de dégager les barres d’armature de manière à caractériser les zones anodiques.
This study aimed at evaluating the capacity of various protection techniques to extend the service-life of concrete infrastructure affected by reinforcement corrosion. The main objective of this project was to provide quantitative information on the influence of some of the most commonly used strategies in practice to protect reinforced concrete structures against the initiation and propagation of corrosion, respectively non-vapor barrier sealants, waterproofing membranes and corrosion inhibitors products (penetrating and admixture). The various treatments were tested on laboratory-size concrete test slabs pre-conditioned in such a way to exhibit four different stages of contamination and deterioration: virgin, contaminated by chlorides but not corroded, corrosion initiated and corrosion propagating. A specific objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different treatments on the evolution of various factors such as the internal distribution of relative humidity, the distribution of chlorides and the corrosion activity. Through two successive experimental phases, 51 test slabs were produced and subjected to cycles of wetting (salt spray) and drying in an environmental chamber. In order to monitor the evolution of the corrosion activity for each condition, half-cell potential and linear polarization measurements were carried out on all specimens at regular time intervals. Following the period of cycling in the salt spray chamber, an autopsy was performed on a selection of tested slabs in order to expose the reinforcing steel rebars and allow a characterization of the anodic areas.
This study aimed at evaluating the capacity of various protection techniques to extend the service-life of concrete infrastructure affected by reinforcement corrosion. The main objective of this project was to provide quantitative information on the influence of some of the most commonly used strategies in practice to protect reinforced concrete structures against the initiation and propagation of corrosion, respectively non-vapor barrier sealants, waterproofing membranes and corrosion inhibitors products (penetrating and admixture). The various treatments were tested on laboratory-size concrete test slabs pre-conditioned in such a way to exhibit four different stages of contamination and deterioration: virgin, contaminated by chlorides but not corroded, corrosion initiated and corrosion propagating. A specific objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of different treatments on the evolution of various factors such as the internal distribution of relative humidity, the distribution of chlorides and the corrosion activity. Through two successive experimental phases, 51 test slabs were produced and subjected to cycles of wetting (salt spray) and drying in an environmental chamber. In order to monitor the evolution of the corrosion activity for each condition, half-cell potential and linear polarization measurements were carried out on all specimens at regular time intervals. Following the period of cycling in the salt spray chamber, an autopsy was performed on a selection of tested slabs in order to expose the reinforcing steel rebars and allow a characterization of the anodic areas.
Quémard, Ludovic. "Corrosion à haute température et à haute pression de composites thermostructuraux à matrice séquencée SiCf/[Si, C, B]m et Cf/[Si, C, B]m pour applications aéronautiques." Bordeaux 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005BOR13019.
Повний текст джерелаTruc, Olivier. "Prediction of chloride penetration into saturates concrete - multi-species approach." Toulouse, INSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ISAT0019.
Повний текст джерелаBressy, Christine. "Synthèse de revêtements à base de PVDF et de dérivés phosphonés. Application à l'adhérence sur acier et à l'anticorrosion." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20204.
Повний текст джерелаTchalla, Tatiana Siwavi. "Durabilité d'assemblages métal/élastomère en milieu marin." Thesis, Brest, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BRES0121/document.
Повний текст джерелаIn some industrial applications, bonding rubber coatings to metallic pipelines is a suitable solution to protect them from marine corrosion. This study deals with the long term behavior of such metallic coated pipelines in a marine environment. Two different approaches have been developed. The first focuses on degradation data of pipelines used for around thirty years in normal service conditions. As these bonded assemblies are different in terms of material formulations, manufacturing processes and aging conditions, statistical tools were used to identify homogeneous groups with identical aging mechanisms. Also, based on these results, the main degradation mechanisms of the rubber coating were established. The second approach focused on pipelines used currently in renovation operations. An experimental methodology was developed in the laboratory to accelerate aging processes. The bulk materials, surfaces and interfaces were characterized physically, chemically and mechanically before and after natural sea water ageing. This enabled an understanding of the mechanisms and kinetics governing adhesion and degradation to be developed. It also allowed the influence of sea water aging on the failure strength of the assembly of interest to be investigated
Techer, Isabelle. "Apports des analogues naturels vitreux à la validation des codes de prédiction du comportement à long terme des verres nucléaires." Montpellier 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MON20101.
Повний текст джерелаLa, Barbera Sosa Jose Gregorio. "Comportement en fatigue d'un acier SAE 1045 revêtu de colmonoy 88 déposé par HVOF : effet de la distance de projection." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10085/document.
Повний текст джерелаThe influence of the spraying distance on the microstructure and mechanical properties of a Colmonoy 88 alloy deposited by means of HVOF thermal spraying onto a SAE 1045 steel substrate has been investigated in a systematic manner. The spraying distance varied between 380-470 mm and the deposits were evaluated both on their surface and cross section. The microstructural study was conducted by means of SEM and image analysis techniques. The different phases present in the deposits were identified by means of XRD. The surface residual stresses of the coatings were also determined employing the sin2[psi] method, the analysis being conducted on the (311) plane ofthe Ni phase, at 2[theta] ~ 93.2°. The mechanical properties of the coatings and substrate-coating systems were evaluated by means of static and dynamic mechanical tests of a different nature. Hardness and elastic modulus of the coatings were determined by means of instrumented indentation employing a Berkovich indenter and the methodology earlier proposed by Oliver and Pharr. The yield strength of the coatings was also estimated from the above curves following the methodology suggested by Zeng and Chiu, as well as from spherical indentation tests and the Hertz equations commonly used in contact mechanics. The mechanical properties of the substrate-coating system were evaluated by means of tensile and corrosion-fatigue tests employing cylindrical samples. Corrosion-fatigue tests were carried out under rotating-bending conditions at a frequency of 50 Hz, in the range of altemating stresses of 250-420 MPa, employing a of 3 wt% NaCI solution. Corrosion-fatigue tests were conducted employing steel samples coated with hard Cr
De, Sa Caroline. "Etude hydro-mécanique et thermo-mécanique du béton : influence des gradients et des incompatibilités de déformation." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00279849.
Повний текст джерелаDerombise, Guillaume. "Comportement à long terme des fibres aramides en milieux neutres et alcalins." Phd thesis, Ecole des Ponts ParisTech, 2009. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00539927.
Повний текст джерелаSimon, Coraline. "Méthodologie pour le durcissement et l’accélération d’essais sur composites à matrice céramique aéronautiques." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017BORD0681/document.
Повний текст джерелаWith the aim of an introduction in civil aeronautics, the certification of Ceramic Matrix Composites (CMC)requires to demonstrate the correct behavior of the material during the whole lifetime of the aircraft (about50000h), in high-temperature oxidizing environments and under the stress levels required by the applications.The goal of this thesis is to identify a methodology to accelerate ageing tests in order to get, in shorterdurations, results that are representative of the behavior of the material in standard conditions. The studiedcomposite includes a self-healing matrix which efficiency is linked in a complex way to temperature andhumidity. A thorough understanding of degradation mechanisms is therefore required in order to identifyrelevant accelerating levers. The influence of the selected test parameters (water partial pressure, type ofmechanical loading, frequency of cyclic loading, temperature) on the damage kinetics has been analyzed, whilechecking that the damage mechanisms were not modified. Non destructive monitoring techniques are essentialto quantify in real time the damage level of materials under different test conditions: acoustic emissionmonitoring has been used, and an original method of damage monitoring using electrical resistivity has beendeveloped. Two electromechanical models were proposed, describing the evolution of electrical resistance atroom temperature and under oxidizing conditions. Lifetime estimations based on these techniques led topropose a methodology towards accelerated testing on CMCs