Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Fenneropenaeus merguiensis"

Salah satu tahapan pengolahan udang adalah pemotongan kepala (deheading) yang berfungsi menghilangkan bagian cephalothorax. Cara potong kepala akan mempengaruhi rendemen udang head less yang dihasilkan, Selain udang bentuk head less ada produk udang kupas bentuk Peeled Tail On (PTO) yaitu bentuk udang kupas yang masih disisakan bagian batang ekor dan uropod (ekor kipas)nya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui rendemen udang Head Less (HL) dan Peeled Tail On (PTO) yang diperoleh dari bahan baku udang Head On (HO) berbagai species udang. Beberapa specises udang berasal dari nelayan Cirebon yaitu udang windu (Penaeus monodon), udang putih (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) serta udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rendemen dari udang head on ke udang head less tertinggi dari species udang jerbung (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) yaitu 74,2 %, sedangkan yang menghasilkan rendemen dari head on ke head less terendah adalah udang windu (Penaeus monodon) yaitu 67,6%. Species yang menghasilkan rendemen tertinggi dari udang head less ke udang peeled tail on adalah udang windu (Penaeus monodon) yaitu dengan nilai rata-rata 88,3 %, sedangkan rendemen terkecil dari species udang vaname (Litopenaeus vannamei) dengan nilai rata-rata 86 %. Kata Kunci : Rendemen, head less, peeled tail on. Abctract One of the stages of shrimp processing is deheading which serves to remove the cephalothorax. The method of cutting off the head will affect the yield of head less shrimp produced. Apart from head less shrimp, there are peeled shrimp products in the form of Peeled Tail On (PTO), which is a form of peeled shrimp with the tail stem and uropod (fan tail) still remaining. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield of Head Less (HL) and Peeled Tail On (PTO) shrimp obtained from Head On (HO) shrimp of various species of shrimp. Several species of shrimp come from Cirebon fishermen, namely tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon), white shrimp (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) and white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). The results showed that the highest yield from head on to head less shrimp was from the jerbung shrimp species (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis) which was 74.2%, while the lowest yield from head on to head less was tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) which was 67.6%. . The species that produced the highest yield from head less shrimp to peeled tail on shrimp was tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon) with an average value of 88.3%, while the smallest yield was obtained from vaname shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) with an average value of 86 %. Key word : Yield, head less, peeled tail on

Udang jerbung (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis de Man) merupakan salah satu jenis udang penaeid yang mempunyai nilai ekonomis tinggi. Habitat asli udang jerbung tersebar di seluruh perairan Indonesia mulai dari Aceh sampai Irian dan merupakan udang yang tertangkap dalam kumpulan yang cukup besar. Udang ini bersifat bentik; hidup pada permukaan dasar laut. Semua perairan Indonesia mempunyai potensi untuk pengembangan budidayanya. Pengembangan budidaya udang jerbung membutuhkan stok induk dan benih yang berkualitas baik. Induk dan benih tersebut dapat diperoleh melalui program pemuliaan selain dari seleksi tangkapan dari alam atau laut. Untuk mendukung program pemuliaan tersebut di-perlukan informasi mengenai kondisi populasi udang jerbung di alam

Udang jerbung, Fenneropenaeus merguiensis merupakan salah satu jenis udang penaeid indegenous yang memiliki prospek untuk dikembangkan sebagai kandidat budidaya tambak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keragaman secara morfologi dan jarak genetik udang jerbung dari populasi alam di Selat Sunda, pantai Cilacap, pantai Bengkulu, Selat Lombok, dan pantai Pontianak. Analisis komponen utama (PCA) digunakan untuk mengetahui keragaman morfologi antar populasi alami udang jerbung. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya perbedaan secara morfologi udang jerbung yang diteliti. Populasi Pontianak memiliki keragaman yang paling tinggi dan Bengkulu paling rendah. Dari analisis kluster diperoleh dua kelompok utama yaitu kluster yang pertama terdiri atas Pontianak-Selat Lombok-Bengkulu dan kluster kedua Selat Sunda-Cilacap. Jarak genetik terjauh dimiliki populasi udang jerbung dari Cilacap-Selat Lombok dan terdekat Cilacap-Selat Sunda.Banana prawn, Fenneropenaeus merguiensis, is one of several prospective local crustaceans for shrimp culture. The objective of this study was to reveal the genetic differences among banana prawn populations from Sunda strait, Cilacap coast, Bengkulu coast, Lombok strait, and Pontianak coast. Principle Component Analysis (PCA) was used to determine genetic differences among the five wild populations. Results of the PCA analysis show that there are morphometrically genetic variations among studied banana prawn populations. Banana prawn from Pontianak has the highest variation of morphology. Results of cluster analysis indicate that there are two main clusters where banana prawns from Pontianak, Lombok Strait, and Bengkulu are categorized as the first cluster while Sunda Strait and Cilacap populations are categorized as the second cluster. The highest value of genetic distance is shown by banana prawn populations from Cilacap and Lombok and the lowest value is Cilacap-Sunda Strait.

Prawn allergy is one of the most common seafood-borne allergies affecting more than 2% of the global population resulting in significant socio-economic problems to the society and prevention is by avoidance. Not only are some consumers affected by prawn allergy, but also the seafood industry workers (7 to 36%) related to different processing stages. The impact of different processing techniques was assessed to attenuate antigenicity of banana prawn tropomyosin (Fenneropenaeus merguiensis). Frying and boiling at different temperatures, acid treatment using different acids, and storage at - 20 °C up to 3 months were investigated. Untreated prawn sample was used as control. Frying significantly increased antigenicity (6 to 8 times) in temperature dependent manner, whereas the trend was fundamentally reversed with boiling. Boiling at 121 °C resulted in the lowest antigenicity (12.99 mg mL-1) among all heat-treated samples, yet higher than the control (5.06 mg mL-1). Freezing had initially very minor impact, although prolonged storage at -20 °C increased antigenicity slightly (2.29 mg mL-1) compared to control. Antigenicity was impacted the most by reduction in pH independent on type of acid, since both acetic and HCl acids significantly reduced antigenicity of tropomyosin by ~90% compared to control. This could be considered as a new approach in processing that may potentially reduce tropomyosin derived antigenicity in prawns and prawn products. Furthermore, changes in tropomyosin derived antigenicity of banana prawn due to high pressure processing (HPP) at 600 MPa for 5 and 10 min at various temperatures (40, 80, 120 °C) were also investigated. HPP of prawn samples at 40 and 80 °C for 5 min increased tropomyosin derived antigenicity by almost double, whereas HPP at 120 °C for 10 min decreased antigenicity by 65%, detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) reduction of tropomyosin antigenicity after pepsin digestion was noticeable in prawns after HPP, but not in control prawn sample. However, further digestion of the control and HPP sample with pancreatin enzyme decreased antigenicity to ~0 mg mL-1. The combination of HPP and high temperature (120 °C) in the current study can potentially reduce tropomyosin- derived antigenicity in whole prawn muscle, whereas Simulated Intestinal Fluid digestion with pancreatin enzyme may present a new prospective method to produce hypo- antigenic, enzymatically digested prawn products. Moreover, the current research implementing a new methodology using unstained gel, confirmed the actual molecular weight of banana prawn tropomyosin to be 37 kDa. Finally, the research has explored the immunogenicity (T-helper cell-mediated immune response in vitro) of processed banana prawn proteins using human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and then characterized these allergenic proteins using Liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS). Prawn muscles were treated with acetic acid and high-pressure processing (600 MPa) separately to analyse their antigenicity and immunogenicity. The protein fractions were separated and isolated using preparative high-performance liquid chromatography (Prep-HPLC), and their antigenicity was analysed using IgG ELISA kit. Out of 39 protein fractions only four (A10, A11, B10 and C9) were detected with antigenic potentials. The immunogenicity of these protein fractions was analysed using human PBMCs, and supernatants were collected at multiple times from 0 to 144 h. The treated fractions (B10 and C9) showed significantly (P < 0.05) lower pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine production compared to control (A10). The allergenic fractions were characterized using an LC/MS/MS, which identified 9 proteins. Among these, six proteins (tropomyosin, arginine kinase, hemocyanin, enolase, vitellogenin and 14-3-3 zeta) have been established as allergenic in prawn muscle and ovaries. Other three proteins (Beta-1,3- glucan binding protein, translationally controlled tumor protein and farnesoic acid O- methyltransferase short isoform protein) identified in this study, need further investigation for their immunogenic properties.