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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Flux radiatif"

Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 20 січня 2023

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Статті в журналах з теми "Flux radiatif"

1

Singh, Bhawan, and Richard Taillefer. "Le bilan énergétique et le gel au sol : une analyse statistique." Géographie physique et Quaternaire 38, no. 2 (November 29, 2007): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/032548ar.

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RÉSUMÉ Des mesures régulières détaillées des composantes du bilan radiatif et énergétique et des régimes thermiques et hydrique du sol jusqu'à 5 m de profondeur ont été prises entre les mois d'août 1979 et août 1980 dans une forêt de pins près du lac Hélène, Jamésie. Les analyses statistiques faites sur ces mesures indiquent que la température du sol et, par conséquent, le gel à l'intérieur du sol s'expliquent par les échanges d'énergie radiative et calorifique près de la surface et par l'accumulation de la neige sur la surface. Pour des périodes de temps choisies, les températures du sol sont faiblement corrélées avec le rayonnement solaire (K ↓ ), le flux de chaleur dans le sol (QG) et la température de l'air (TAIR). Lorsque les cumuls de ces variables (∑K ↓, ∑QG et ∑TAIR) ainsi que l'épaisseur de la neige (EPAIS) sont utilisés, les corrélations sont plus fortes. En ce qui a trait à la profondeur du gel, la corrélation est la plus forte avec EPAIS, ∑QG, ∑TAIR et ∑K ↓, en ordre d'importance. D'ailleurs ces variables expliquent plus de 99% de la variance de la profondeur du gel dans le sol.
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2

Cantat, Olivier, and Alexandre Follin. "Les singularités thermiques d’un espace périurbain dans une agglomération de dimension moyenne : le cas de Caen durant l’hiver 2018/2019." Climatologie 17 (2020): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/climat/202017003.

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L’analyse comparative des données météorologiques de la station rurale de Carpiquet avec une station expérimentale en périphérie de la ville de Caen a permis de montrer la présence en hiver d’un léger îlot de chaleur péri-urbain (ICPU) (moyenne de +0,4°C). Il est caractérisé par un maximum d’intensité en fin d’après-midi et début de soirée (+0,8°C) et des écarts faibles le reste du temps. Derrière cette image moyenne, une analyse du continuum temporel au pas de temps journalier puis horaire a mis en exergue des comportements différenciés selon les types de temps. Le caractère le plus original des résultats est la présence certes rare, mais significative en termes d’intensité, d’un îlot de fraîcheur péri-urbain (IFPU). Il se forme de nuit par temps clair et calme et se prolonge dans la matinée, jusqu’à présenter un maximum d’intensité vers 9 h UTC. Cette inversion par rapport au schéma classique de fonctionnement des îlots de chaleur urbain (ICU) s’explique par un mode d’occupation du sol favorable à la formation d’une poche froide par rayonnement nocturne, favorisée par l’absence totale de vent (effet de barrage du bâti et de la végétation) et par la faible densité urbaine, alors que sur la campagne ces mécanismes de refroidissement sont atténués par la persistance d’un léger flux. Cet IFPU résiste et s’intensifie en début de matinée, jusqu’à temps que le soleil et la turbulence de l’air ne viennent échauffer et disperser cette pellicule d’air froid plus dense. Ici, les conditions stationnelles semblent donc primer sur les effets purement urbains car l’agglomération de Caen ne présente pas une masse suffisante pour créer une « bulle chaude » jusque dans ses quartiers périphériques quand un type de temps radiatif s’impose.
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3

Buckus, Raimondas, Aleksandras Chlebnikovas, Birute Strukcinskiene, Rimantas Stukas, Donatas Austys, Jacek Caban, Marcin Bogucki, et al. "Simulating the Dispersion of the Energy Flux Density of the Electromagnetic Field Generated by Antennas for Mobile Communications." Electronics 11, no. 15 (August 4, 2022): 2431. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics11152431.

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Анотація:
The last two decades have faced a significantly increased number of telecommunication antennas emitting electromagnetic radiation in residential areas. The theoretical simulation of the dispersion of the energy flux density of the electromagnetic field has been performed applying the physical peculiarities of the waves generating electromagnetic radiation. Having evaluated studies on simulation, the visual representation of the spread of electromagnetic radiation has been carried out according to the results obtained applying the AutoCad package. A comparison of the simulated value of the energy flux density radiated from antennas for mobile telecommunications with the measured one has disclosed an overlap of 30%. The simulation of the energy flux density showed that, in the close proximity zone (under a distance of 30 m), antennas radiate values within the range 10–10,000 µW/cm2. At a distance larger than 30 m, the values of energy flux density fluctuate from 10 to 0.001 µW/cm2.
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4

Pomraning, G. C. "Multimode flux-limited diffusion theory." Laser and Particle Beams 10, no. 2 (June 1992): 239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0263034600004389.

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Анотація:
We present a diffusion approximation describing the flow of thermal radiation that preserves several important features of the underlying equation of radiative transfer. Specifically, this diffusion description: (1) is flux limited; (2) reduces to the correct transport weak gradient limit; (3) allows correct and simultaneous exponential growth and Decay for a certain class of problems; (4) gives correct transport results for certain contiguous half-space problems; and (5) allows the radiative flux and the gradient of the radiation energy density to point in independent directions. This treatment extends and generalizes earlier flux-limited diffusion approximations that are widely used in radiation–hydrodynamics calculations.
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5

Perovich, Donald K. "Sunlight, clouds, sea ice, albedo, and the radiative budget: the umbrella versus the blanket." Cryosphere 12, no. 6 (June 27, 2018): 2159–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/tc-12-2159-2018.

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Abstract. The surface radiation budget of the Arctic Ocean plays a central role in summer ice melt and is governed by clouds and surface albedo. I calculated the net radiation flux for a range of albedos under sunny and cloudy skies and determined the break-even value, where the net radiation is the same for cloudy and sunny skies. Break-even albedos range from 0.30 in September to 0.58 in July. For snow-covered or bare ice, sunny skies always result in less radiative heat input. In contrast, leads always have, and ponds usually have, more radiative input under sunny skies than cloudy skies. Snow-covered ice has a net radiation flux that is negative or near zero under sunny skies, resulting in radiative cooling. Areally averaged albedos for sea ice in July result in a smaller net radiation flux under cloudy skies. For May, June, August, and September, the net radiation is smaller under sunny skies.
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6

Rosida, NFN, and Indah Susanti. "PENGARUH AEROSOL TERHADAP FLUKS RADIASI NETO DI LAPISAN ATAS ATMOSFER DAN DI PERMUKAAN BERDASAR DATA SATELIT [INFLUENCE OF AEROSOL ON NET RADIATION FLUX AT THE TOP OF ATMOSPHERE AND SURFACE BASED ON SATELLITE]." Jurnal Sains Dirgantara 14, no. 2 (July 21, 2017): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.30536/j.jsd.2016.v14.a2444.

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Анотація:
The direct effects of aerosols on radiation budget in Indonesia have been analyzed based on radiation flux net data from the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) instrument and aerosol optical depth (AOD) from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Terra. Radiation budget calculated including short wave and long-wave radiation. Data from March 2000 until February 2010, processed using Grads version 2 to obtain aerosol radiative forcing value. Net radiation in clean sky, estimated using slope method. The analysis showed high temporal variation of aerosols density in the atmosphere with a value AODmax> 2, which generally causes decreases net radiation flux, so providing a cooling effect. The influence of aerosols on the net radiation flux can be very clearly seen in the case of forest fires. AOD in 2006 increased and caused radiation flux anomalies ranging from -9 watt/m-2 to -14 watts/m-2, with the largest decline occurred in the surface. From all the data period, aerosol radiative forcing at TOA level (ARFTOA) on Indonesia was -0.49 watt/m-2 and aerosol radiative forcing at the surface level (ARFSurf) on Indonesia was -17.72 watt/m-2, that influence to the Indonesian climate condition.
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7

JHA, T. N. "Characteristics of radiative and non-radiative energy fluxes over monsoon trough zone." MAUSAM 52, no. 3 (January 11, 2022): 581–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.54302/mausam.v52i3.1729.

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Анотація:
In order to describe behaviour of radiative and non-radiative erergy fluxes in the surface layer, computation of net radiation, sensible, latent and heat soil flux has been done using hourly global radiation, slow response data of MONTBLEX-90 and surface observation of Varanasi and Jodhpur during rainy and non-rainy days in July 1990. Daily and hourly ground temperature is calculated solving one dimensional heat conduction equation and soil heat flux is computed using force restored method .Outgoing Longwave Radiation (OLR) is calculated by Stefan-Boltzrnann law of radiation and the largest diurnal variability was found over dry convective zone. Results show that OLR from the ground lies in the range 473.0-537.6 Wm-2 at Jodhpur and 497.4 -548.4 Wm-2 at Varanasi during generally cloudy day. The dip in OLR is increascd by 10% with increase of relative humidity and cloudiness. Daily mean of the largest downward soil heat flux are found as 206.4 and 269.4 Wm-2 at Varanasi and Jodhpur respectively during cloudy day. About 40-50% of net radiation is imparted to soil heat flux at Varanasi and Jodhpur. Sum of the hourly non- radiative energy fluxes has not been balanced by net radiation while daily cumulative value of the fluxes balances the net radiation during non-rainy day.
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8

Wang, Zhenhua, Shikui Dong, Zhihong He, Lei Wang, Weihua Yang, and Bengt Ake Sunden. "Numerical analysis of radiative heat transfer in an inhomogeneous and non-isothermal combustion system considering H2O/CO2/CO and soot." International Journal of Numerical Methods for Heat & Fluid Flow 27, no. 9 (September 4, 2017): 1967–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/hff-03-2016-0127.

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Анотація:
Purpose H2O, CO2 and CO are three main species in combustion systems which have high volume fractions. In addition, soot has strong absorption in the infrared band. Thus, H2O, CO2, CO and soot may take important roles in radiative heat transfer. To provide calculations with high accuracy, all of the participating media should be considered non-gray media. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to study the effect of non-gray participating gases and soot on radiative heat transfer in an inhomogeneous and non-isothermal system. Design/methodology/approach To solve the radiative heat transfer, the fluid flow as well as the pressure, temperature and species distributions were first computed by FLUENT. The radiative properties of the participating media are calculated by the Statistical Narrow Band correlated K-distribution (SNBCK), which is based on the database of EM2C. The calculation of soot properties is based on the Mie scattering theory and Rayleigh theory. The radiative heat transfer is calculated by the discrete ordinate method (DOM). Findings Using SNBCK to calculate the radiative properties and DOM to calculate the radiative heat transfer, the influence of H2O, CO2, CO and soot on radiation heat flux to the wall in combustion system was studied. The results show that the global contribution of CO to the radiation heat flux on the wall in the kerosene furnace was about 2 per cent, but that it can reach up to 15 per cent in a solid fuel gasifier. The global contribution of soot to the radiation heat flux on the wall was 32 per cent. However, the scattering of soot has a tiny influence on radiation heat flux to the wall. Originality/value This is the first time H2O, CO2, CO and the scattering of soot were all considered simultaneously to study the radiation heat flux in combustion systems.
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9

Knight, I. K., and A. L. Sullivan. "A semi-transparent model of bushfire flames to predict radiant heat flux." International Journal of Wildland Fire 13, no. 2 (2004): 201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wf03047.

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Анотація:
The radiation emitted by a body is related through the Stefan-Boltzmann equation to the temperature of the emitting element. In the case of flame, the emitting elements are carbon particles. Existing models of bushfire flame radiation assume, however, that the flame radiates as a surface with an emissivity of 1 (i.e. a blackbody). This is only true when the flame is thick enough to provide a continuous wall of radiating carbon particles. In this paper we propose a semi-physical model of radiant heat flux from bushfire flame that calculates the emissivity of the flame front based on its geometry and the optical properties of the flame. This model is calibrated using conservation of energy principles and empirical information about the radiant heat energy as a percentage of total energy of the flame. Comparisons are made with the flames generated by a propane-fuelled bushfire flame front simulator.
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10

Golkarfard, Vahid, Seyyed Abdolreza Gandjalikhan Nassab, and Amir Babak Ansari. "Simulation of Solid Particles in Combined Conduction, Convection and Radiation Gas Flow over a Backward-Facing Step in a Duct." Applied Mechanics and Materials 110-116 (October 2011): 5276–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.110-116.5276.

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Анотація:
A numerical simulation procedure for studying deposition of aerosol particles in a laminar convection flow of radiating gas over a backward-facing step including the effect of thermal force is developed. In the gas flow, all of the heat transfer mechanisms consisting of conduction, convection and radiation take place simultaneously. Behavior of solid particles is studied numerically based on an Eulerian–Lagrangian method. Two dimensional Navier-Stokes and energy equations are solved using CFD techniques, while the radiating transfer equation (RTE) is solved by discrete ordinate method (DOM) for calculating radiative heat flux distribution. The objective of this research is to study the effect of Reynolds number variation and also radiation on thermophoretic deposition of particles. Numerical results show a decrease in deposition percent by increasing in Reynolds number and the radiation effect is negligible. The results are compared with the existing experimental and numerical data and good agreement is found.
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Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Flux radiatif"

1

Guilbert, Simonne. "Comparaisons des flux ondes courtes POLDER / PARASOL et CERES / Aqua : amélioration des flux ondes courtes POLDER / PARASOL." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ULILR027.

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Анотація:
Dans le contexte actuel du changement climatique, il est essentiel de bien caractériser et de pouvoir suivre dans le temps le bilan d'énergie radiative terrestre au sommet de l'atmosphère et à la surface. Du point de vue de la mesure, obtenir une estimation correcte du bilan radiatif passe par la détermination précise des flux radiatifs solaire et infra-rouge. L'objectif de cette thèse est d'étudier les flux radiatifs solaires obtenus à partir du radiomètre français POLDER embarqué sur le microsatellite PARASOL du CNES. Une première partie des travaux de thèse présentés consiste à comparer les produits opérationnels actuels de POLDER avec les flux de référence obtenus par les radiomètres à large bande spectrale CERES sur les plates-formes spatiales américaines Aqua et Terra. La comparaison est faite sur deux périodes, la première pour laquelle nous disposons de mesures coïncidentes (2005-2009), et la seconde qui correspond à une période de dérive du satellite PARASOL (2010-2013). Nous montrons que cette dérive a eu un impact direct sur les observations, avec des répercussions sur les flux calculés. En effet, sur la période de coïncidence des mesures les flux POLDER sont très proches des flux CERES pour deux des produits étudiés (SSF1deg, SYN1deg) avec des différences relatives inférieures à 2% jusqu'en décembre 2009. Après cette date, la différence relative augmente. Un effet de compensation terres/océans est par ailleurs mis en évidence. Les résultats obtenus suite à cette comparaison nous ont menés à étudier plus particulièrement la composante de l'algorithme qui permet d'obtenir les moyennes mensuelles des flux POLDER. Celle-ci concerne l'extrapolation diurne, utilisée pour obtenir des estimations de l'albédo à toutes les heures de la journée à partir d'une seule observation en utilisant des modèles qui dépendent de la scène observée. Les modèles utilisés actuellement sont issus de quatre mois d'observations POLDER-1 (1996-1997) et nous avons décidé de mettre à profit les données obtenues sur l'ensemble de la mission PARASOL pour améliorer ces modèles. Les flux solaires obtenus avec les nouveaux modèles présentent moins de dépendance à la dérive au-dessus des océans mais une tendance encore visible au-dessus des terres. Ces résultats nous ont amenés à proposer plusieurs pistes d'amélioration, principalement en augmentant le nombre de modèles POLDER. Ces travaux, basés sur les mesures de POLDER qui a cessé de fonctionner en décembre 2013 mais dont les données sont disponibles, seront en grande partie réutilisables pour le futur radiomètre multispectral, multi-angulaire et polarisé 3MI, développé par l'ESA et EUMETSAT et qui sera embarqué sur la prochaine mission spatiale opérationnelle EPS-SG d'EUMETSAT à partir de 2024 pour une durée d'environ 20 ans
In the context of climate change, it is essential to estimate precisely and be able to monitor over time the energy balance of the Earth at the top of the atmosphere and at the surface. In terms of measurement, obtaining a correct estimate of the radiative balance requires a precise determination of the shortwave (solar) and longwave (infrared) radiative fluxes. The objective of this thesis is to assess the solar radiative fluxes obtained from the French radiometer POLDER on board the PARASOL microsatellite supported by CNES. A first part of the thesis presents a comparison between the operational products computed from POLDER observations with the reference fluxes obtained through the broadband radiometers CERES on the NASA space platforms Aqua and Terra. The comparisons are made over two periods: first a period with coincident measurements (2005-2009), then a second period which corresponds to the drift of the PARASOL satellite (2010-2013). We show that this drift had an impact on the observations, with strong repercussions on the calculated fluxes. Over the period of coincidence of the measurements, POLDER fluxes are very close to the fluxes from CERES for two of the products studied (CERES SSF1deg and CERES SYN1deg) with relative differences under 2% until December 2009. After 2010, the relative difference increases with the drift. A land/ocean compensation effect is also revealed. The results obtained through these comparisons led us to study in detail the component of the algorithm used to obtain the monthly means of POLDER shortwave fluxes. This part of the algorithm is the diurnal extrapolation, used to estimate a value of albedo at all hours of the day from a single observation using models that are scene-dependent. The models used for the operational products were built using four months of POLDER-1 observations (1996-1997). We decided to take advantage of the data obtained throughout the entire PARASOL mission to improve these models. The shortwave fluxes obtained with the new models show less dependence on the drift over oceans but a drift is still present over lands. These results led to several propositions that could improve POLDER's shortwave fluxes, mainly by increasing the number of POLDER models. This work, based on measurements from POLDER-3, which was shut down in December 2013, but whose data is available, will be largely reusable for the future multispectral, multi-angular and polarized radiometer 3MI, developed by ESA and EUMETSAT and which will fly onboard the EPS-SG mission supported by EUMETSAT from 2024, for approximately 20 years
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2

Baud, Germain. "Conception de récepteurs solaires à lit fluidisé sous flux radiatif concentré." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011INPT0106/document.

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Анотація:
L'objectif de ce travail est d’évaluer le positionnement et le potentiel des récepteurs à lit fluidisé à changement de section par rapport aux autres méthodes de chauffage de gaz à haute température par voie solaire. A cette fin, une connaissance approfondie des phénomènes thermiques et hydrodynamiques du récepteur est nécessaire. Pour acquérir cette connaissance, nous avons modélisé les transferts thermiques dans le récepteur en portant une attention particulière sur les transferts radiatifs en prenant en compte les diffusions multiples de la lumière dans le milieu particulaire, les effets de parois sur les transferts radiatifs et la directionnalité du rayonnement solaire concentré. La détermination précise de la distribution de particules dans le ciel du lit fluidisé s'est avérée un paramètre critique pour le calcul des transferts thermiques. Ces modèles, plus tard affinés par une confrontation avec des références expérimentales, nous ont permis d'explorer l'effet de la géométrie sur les transferts thermiques dans le récepteur. Il ont permis entre autres de mettre en évidence l'intérêt d'utiliser une colonne de fluidisation à changement de section et l'importance de l'optimisation du couple concentrateur solaire / récepteur afin d'éviter d'éventuelles surchauffes au niveau des parois du récepteur. De même, il semble que l'homogénéisation de la température dans le lit fluidisé contenu dans le récepteur soit favorable à son rendement
The aim of this work is to evaluate the position and the potential of solar fluidized bed receivers compared to other methods for the solar heating of gases at high temperature. To this end, a thorough knowledge of the heat transfer and hydrodynamic of the receiver is necessary. To acquire this knowledge, we modeled the heat transfer in the receiver with a focus on the radiative transfer by taking into account the multiple scattering of light in the particle medium, the effect of walls on radiative heat transfer and the directionality of the concentrated solar radiation. The accurate determination of the distribution of particles within the fluidized bed has been a critical parameter for the calculation of heat transfer. With these models, later refined by a confrontation with experimental references, we have studied the effect of geometry on heat transfer in the receiver. This study highlighted the necessity to use a switching section fluidization column and the importance to optimize the pair : solar concentrator / receiver to avoid any overheating at the walls of the receiver. Moreover, it appears that the homogenization of the temperature in the fluidized bed of the receiver increase its performance
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3

Leray, Cedric. "Etude du comportement thermique et thermomécanique des récepteurs solaires sous haut flux radiatif." Thesis, Perpignan, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PERP0003/document.

Повний текст джерела
Анотація:
Dans le contexte énergétique qui se profile, la production d’électricité par voie solaire thermodynamique s’avère une solution prometteuse, que ce soit pour des considérations économiques, d’échelle de production ou environnementales. Une voie d’amélioration du rendement des centrales solaires à tour consiste à utiliser des cycles thermodynamiques à haut rendement type cycles combinés. Cela nécessite de pouvoir fournir un fluide de travail pressurisé à très haute température (10bar et 1000°C minimum). Ce manuscrit présente les travaux menés afin de développer et de viabiliser un concept d’absorbeur solaire surfacique modulaire en céramique (carbure de silicium) capable de répondre à ces exigences. Le choix du carbure de silicium s’est imposé pour sa résistance aux hautes températures et aux problèmes d’oxydation. Cependant, l’utilisation d’une céramique comme matériau implique un risque de casse des modules. Les céramiques sont en effet fragiles lorsqu’elles sont soumises à des contraintes de traction. C’est la connaissance et la maitrise de ce risque qui fait l’objet de cette étude. L’approche adoptée combine le développement d’outils numériques et d’études expérimentales réalisées sur le site de la centrale solaire Thémis (Targassonne, 66, France). La méthodologie desimulation développée permet de prédire le comportement thermique et le comportement mécanique de l’absorbeur. Ceci permet de réduire les risques encourus par l’absorbeur et d’en connaitre les performances. Cette méthodologie a été éprouvée à l’aide des résultats expérimentaux
For the future, using thermodynamical solar power plant seems to be a good solution to ensure electrical production. Solar tower plants are able to produce electricity in significant amount, are environmentally friendly and economically competitive. One way to increase the yield of these plants is using high efficiency thermodynamical cycles, like combined cycle. That requires to providing a working fluid at high temperature and high pressure (10bar and 1000°C at least). This PHD thesis presents the works performed to develop and enhance a concept of modular plate solar ceramic absorber that can ensure the required air production. We chose the silicon carbide as material due to its resistance to high temperatures and oxidation problems. The drawback is ceramic modules are weak to traction stresses. The study focuses on the knowledge and the control of this phenomenon. This work combines the developments of numerical tools and experimental studies performed at Thémis power plant (Targassonne, 66, FRANCE). The numerical method permits simulations to predict the thermal behavior and the mechanical behavior of a solar module absorber. It allows the reduction of the mechanical stresses undergone by solar receiver and the prediction of its performances. This methodology was tested using experimental results
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4

Simonet, Frédéric. "Optimisation du calcul du flux radiatif dans les lampes a decharge haute pression : applications." Toulouse 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997TOU30213.

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Анотація:
La modelisation des plasmas de decharge est actuellement limite par le fait qu'il est tres difficile d'integrer dans un modele plasma le calcul complet du transfert radiatif. Le modele propose (modele opt) constitue un pas important vers la resolution de ce probleme dans la mesure ou il permet de gagner plus de deux ordres de grandeur sur le temps de calcul du coefficient d'emission nette sans faire de reel sacrifice sur la precision des resultats (les desaccords observes sont de l'ordre de 15%). Ce modele presente en outre l'avantage d'avoir un champ d'application couvrant plusieurs types de sources et ce dans un large domaine de pressions. La methode que nous proposons est basee sur le calcul du flux spectrique. Le calcul de cette grandeur est optimisee grace a la localisation des zones de contribution effective relatives a chacune des fonctions devant etre integrees. Un second modele, le modele nag, a ete developpe dans le but d'evaluer avec precision le modele opt (precision des resultats, gain en temps de calcul et champ d'application). Ce modele indique que le modele opt peut s'appliquer pour des epaisseurs optiques caracteristiques allant de 10#-#5 a 10#+#1#0. Il peut dans le meme temps etre applique a une gamme de profils de temperature dont l'exposant caracteristique varie de 1. 5 a 4. 0. Il convient enfin de signaler que ce modele reste applicable lorsque le profil de raie est fortement dissymetrique. La derniere partie du manuscrit est tout d'abord consacree au probleme de l'integration de la densite de flux spectrique sur un spectre de raies. Nous illustrons ensuite les performances du modele a partir de quelques resultats sur les caracteristiques radiatives d'une lampe sodium haute-pression (flux spectrique, flux et coefficient d'emission nette).
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5

Herin, Philippe. "Conception et caractérisation de capteurs de flux radiatif et convectif : application aux mesures "in situ"." Lille 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LIL10051.

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Mesures des composantes radiative et convective du flux thermique sur la surface d'une paroi opaque en régime variable. Utilisation des techniques de traitement du signal par intercorrélation. Modélisation des transferts de chaleur à l'intérieur d'une thermopile constituée de jonctions thermoélectriques Cu-Cn de grandes surfaces. Réalisation d'un montage de type lame d'air.
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6

Ringenbach, Nicolas. "Bilan radiatif et flux de chaleur en climatologie urbaine : Mesures,modélisation et validation sur Strasbourg." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/RINGENBACH_Nicolas_2004.pdf.

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7

Herin, Philippe. "Conception et caractérisation de capteurs de flux radiatif et convectif application aux mesures "in situ /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37614253p.

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8

Ben, Rehouma Asma. "Restitutions et analyse des paramètres climatiques mesurés par satellites sur l'Afrique et l'Océan Atlantique pour les deux dernières décennies : Tendances et variabilité des flux radiatifs en liaison avec les autres paramètres." Paris 6, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA066710.

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9

Dia, Oumar, and Martin Hounkanlin. "Etude du transfert thermique et des instabilites dans un film liquide soumis a un flux radiatif." Poitiers, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991POIT2308.

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Le travail que nous presentons concerne l'etude theorique des phenomenes couples de transfert radiatif et thermique dans un film liquide constitue par une lame d'eau de faible epaisseur et son domaine environnant. Leur modelisation part d'une resolution de l'equation locale de conservation de la luminance monochromatique pour le rayonnement, couplee aux autres equations locales de transfert d'enthalpie et de masse. En resolvant ces equations, nous avons obtenu une solution analytique pour les champs de temperature stationnaire et instationnaire. Nous examinons aussi l'influence du transfert radiatif sur la convection cellulaire dans le film liquide
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10

Zhang, Xing Long. "Etude expérimentale et modélisation théorique d'un feu de combustible liquide de petite dimension : influence d'un flux radiatif extérieur." Poitiers, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990POIT2259.

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Анотація:
Cette etude presente des resultats relatifs a des travaux experimentaux et theoriques concernant la modelisation d'une flamme de diffusion turbulente a base horizontale de petite dimension et les transferts d'energie radiative qui lui sont associes, en particulier lorsque cette flamme est soumise a des flux rayonnes exterieurs. Les champs de vitesse de temperature, de concentration en co#2, co et o#2 ainsi que de coefficient d'absorption du aux suies ont ete determines. Ces mesures ont permis d'obtenir des informations tres instructives sur l'evolution de la phase reactive, sous l'influence de flux radiatifs exterieurs. Sur le plan theorique, un modele de flamme de diffusion bidimensionnel, de forme elliptique, a ete resolu numeriquement. Le calcul donne les champs complets des grandeurs aerothermochimiques. Une methode de zones couplee avec une methode spectrale pour l'evaluation des proprietes radiatives a ete mis au point pour calculer les flux radiatifs en retour vers la base de foyer, ainsi que sur des cibles environnantes; les champs thermochimiques utilises etant tires, soit de l'experience, soit de la modelisation theorique. L'accord entre les resultats obtenus et les valeurs de flux experimentales s'est revele tres satisfaisant
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Книги з теми "Flux radiatif"

1

Mehta, Amita. Longwave radiative flux calculations in the TOVS pathfinder path A data set. Greenbelt, Md: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Goddard Space Flight Center, 1999.

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2

Hartmann, Jörg. Radiation and eddy flux experiment 1991 (REFLEX 1). Bremerhaven, Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 1992.

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Kottmeier, Christoph. Radiation and eddy flux experiment, 1991 (REFLEX II). Bremerhaven: Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar-und Meeresforschung, 1994.

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Hartmann, Jörg. Radiation and eddy flux experiment, 1991 (REFLEX 1). Bremerhaven: Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar-und Meeresforschung, 1992.

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5

Siegel, Robert. Two-flux Green's function analysis for transient spectral radiation in a composite. Reston, VA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1996.

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Siegel, Robert. Two-flux Green's function analysis for transient spectral radiation in a composite. Reston, VA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1996.

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Siegel, Robert. Two-flux Green's function analysis for transient spectral radiation in a composite. Reston, VA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 1996.

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8

Beddini, Robert A. Analysis of turbulent convective and radiative heat transfer in high temperature rocket chamber flows. New York: AIAA, 1987.

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9

Haasz, A. A. Flux and energy dependence of radiation-enhanced sublimation of graphite. Amsterdam: North-Holland, 1987.

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10

Kyle, H. Lee. Nimbus-7 Earth Radiation Budget calibration history--Part II: The earth flux channels. Greenbelt, Md: Goddard Space Flight Center, 1994.

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Частини книг з теми "Flux radiatif"

1

Rouan, Daniel. "Flux, Radiative." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 1. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27833-4_584-2.

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2

Rouan, Daniel. "Flux, Radiative." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 865. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-44185-5_584.

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3

Rouan, Daniel. "Flux, Radiative." In Encyclopedia of Astrobiology, 594. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-11274-4_584.

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4

Roederer, J. G. "Introduction to Trapped Particle Flux Mapping." In Radiation Belts: Models and Standards, 149–51. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/gm097p0149.

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5

Kalkofen, W., G. Bodo, S. Massaglia, and P. Rossi. "2D Flux Tube in Radiative Equilibrium." In Solar and Stellar Granulation, 571–81. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0911-3_61.

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6

Balázs, L. G., M. Kun, and V. Tóth. "Multispectral Analysis of IRAS Sky Flux Maps." In The Galactic and Extragalactic Background Radiation, 214–15. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-0653-2_32.

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7

Xenopoulos, Marguerite A., and David W. Schindler. "Physical Factors Determining Ultraviolet Radiation Flux into Ecosystems." In Ecosystems, Evolution, and Ultraviolet Radiation, 36–62. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-3486-7_2.

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8

Tanaka, Masayuki, Teruyuki Nakajima, and Tadahiro Hayasaka. "Estimation of the Aerosol Absorption Index from Spectral Measurements of the Solar Radiation Flux." In Atmospheric Radiation, 584–88. Boston, MA: American Meteorological Society, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-935704-18-8_85.

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9

Long, Craig S. "NOAA/EPA Surface Ultra-Violet Flux Index." In Stratospheric Ozone Depletion/UV-B Radiation in the Biosphere, 293–96. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78884-0_41.

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10

Hasan, S. S., W. Kalkofen, and O. Steiner. "2-D Radiative Equilibrium Models of Magnetic Flux Tubes." In Solar Polarization, 409–20. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9329-8_35.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Flux radiatif"

1

Hu, Lu, Arvind Narayanaswamy, Xiaoyuan Chen, and Gang Chen. "Measurement of Near-Field Thermal Radiation Between Two Closely-Spaced Glass Plates." In ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2008-56412.

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At a finite temperature, electrons and ions in any matter are under constant thermal agitation, acting as the random current source for thermal emission. The thermally-excited electromagnetic waves have two forms: the propagating modes that can leave the surface of the emitter and radiate freely into the space, and the non-propagating modes (evanescent modes) that do not radiate. The contribution from the propagating modes, or the far-field radiation modes, to the radiative heat flux is well-known and its maximum is governed by Planck’s law of blackbody radiation. The non-propagating modes do not propagate and thus do not carry energy in the direction normal to the surface, unless a second surface is brought close to the first to enable photon tunneling. The contribution from the non-propagating modes to radiative heat flux is the near-field radiative flux.
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2

Strohle, Jochen, Uwe Schnell, and Klaus R. G. Hein. "A MEAN FLUX DISCRETE ORDINATES INTERPOLATION SCHEME FOR GENERAL CO-ORDINATES." In RADIATION III. ICHMT Third International Symposium on Radiative Transfer. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ichmt.2001.radiationsymp.80.

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3

Afgan, Naim Hamdia, Neven Duic, Zeljko Bogdan, Daniel Rolph Schneider, and Nikola Serman. "TUBE LEAKAGE EFFECT ON RADIATIVE HEAT FLUX IN BOILER." In Radiative Transfer I. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Radiation Transfer. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ichmt.1995.radtransfproc.430.

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4

Whale, MacMurray D. "Effective Flux Temperature Formulation for Energy Conversion Using Microscale Thermal Radiation." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/htd-24275.

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Abstract The non-Planckian spectrum of microscale thermal radiation is interpreted using a formulation for non-thermal radiation. The non-thermal aspects of the energy spectrum that results when radiating bodies are in close proximity are examined using the fluctuational electrodynamic approach to microscale thermal radiation. A definition of the effective flux temperature for microscale thermal radiation is presented. A technique to determine the entropy flux in a microscale field is obtained and used to calculate the effective flux temperature for chromium surfaces. The effective flux temperature of microscale radiation permits an assessment of the limits of the performance of proposed devices for the exploitation the spacing effect for energy conversion. The performance of a microscale thermophotovoltaic device is examined in terms of this flux temperature.
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5

Damm, David L., and Andrei G. Fedorov. "Spectral Radiative Heat Transfer Analysis of the Planar SOFC." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60142.

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Thermo-mechanical failure of components in planar-type solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) depends strongly on the local temperature gradients at the interfaces of different materials. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to accurately predict the temperature fields within the stack, especially near the interfaces. Because of elevated operating temperatures (of the order of 1000 K or even higher), radiation heat transfer could become a dominant mode of heat transfer in the SOFCs. In this study, we extend our recent work on radiative effects in solid oxide fuel cells (Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 124, No. 2, pp. 453–458) by accounting for the spectral dependence of the radiative properties of the electrolyte material. The measurements of spectral radiative properties of the polycrystalline yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) electrolyte we performed indicate that an optically thin approximation can be used for treatment of radiative heat transfer. To this end, the Schuster-Schwartzchild two-flux approximation is used to solve the radiative transfer equation (RTE) for the spectral radiative heat flux, which is then integrated over the entire spectrum using an N-band approximation to obtain the total heat flux due to thermal radiation. The divergence of the total radiative heat flux is then incorporated as a heat sink into a 3-D thermo-fluid model of a SOFC through the user-defined function utility in the commercial FLUENT CFD software. The results of sample calculations are reported and compared against the baseline cases when no radiation effects are included and when the spectrally gray approximation is used for treatment of radiative heat transfer.
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6

Miguel, R. B., F. H. R. França, I. M. Machado, F. M. Pereira, and P. R. Pagot. "Application of Inverse Analysis to Determine the Parameters of the Weighted Multi Point Source Model for the Prediction of Heat Flux From Flames." In ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2015-52544.

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Thermal radiation is responsible for a substantial portion of the heat transfer from a flame. Radiative characteristics of jet fires are usually expressed through the use of the fraction of heat radiated. Detailed flame simulations provide useful information but may be prohibitive for practical applications due to the significant computational resources that are required. The weighted-multi-point-source model uses point sources with different weights to simulate the contribution of each portion of the flame. This method can give good predictions of the radiant heat flux both in the near and far fields. While previous studies used the trial-and-error approach to determine the weights of the sources, this paper proposes a method to obtain the weight of each source by inverse analysis. In the analysis, the experimental measured radiation heat flux distribution is the input data, while the weights of the sources and the fraction of heat radiated are the sought parameters. The inverse problem is formulated as an optimization problem, which is solved by the generalized extremal optimization. As will be shown in the paper, the inverse method is capable of recovering the weights of the sources that lead to results with more accuracy than the single source model or the multiple sources model with the commonly employed linear variation in the weights.
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7

Murthy, Sunil, and Andrei Fedorov. "Radiation Heat Transfer Analysis of the Monolith-Type Solid Oxide Fuel Cell." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-41796.

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In this study, a modeling framework for heat and mass transport is investigated for a unit cell of the monolith type SOFC, with emphasis on quantifying the radiation heat transfer effects. The Schuster-Schwartzchild two-flux approximation is used for treating thermal radiation transport in the optically thin YSZ electrolyte, and the Rosseland radiative thermal conductivity is used to account for radiation effects in the optically thick Ni-YSZ and LSM electrodes. The thermal radiation heat transfer is coupled to the overall energy conservation equations through the divergence of the local radiative flux. A commercially available CFD software was used as a platform for the global thermal-fluid modeling of the SOFC and the radiation models were implemented through the user-defined functions. Results from sample calculations show significant changes in the operating temperatures and parameters of the SOFC with the inclusion of radiation effects.
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8

Krueger, Katherine R., Wojciech Lipiński, and Jane H. Davidson. "Operational Performance of the University of Minnesota 45kWe High-Flux Solar Simulator." In ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91119.

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This paper presents measured performance of the University of Minnesota’s 45 kWe indoor high-flux solar simulator. The simulator consists of seven radiation units, each comprised of a 6.5 kWe xenon short arc lamp coupled to a reflector in the shape of a truncated ellipsoid of revolution. Data include flux distribution at the focal plane for all seven radiation units operating in tandem and for individual radiation units. The flux distribution is measured optically by acquiring the image of radiation reflected from a Lambertian target with a CCD camera equipped with neutral density optical filters. The CCD camera output is calibrated to irradiation using a circular foil heat flux gage. It is shown that accurate calibration of the heat flux gage must account for its response to the spectral characteristics of the radiation source. The simulator delivers radiative power of approximately 9.2 kW over a 60-mm diameter circular area located in the focal plane, corresponding to an average flux of 3.2 MW m−2, with a peak flux of 7.3 MW m−2.
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9

Ilyinsky, Alexander I. "INVERSE RADIATIVE HEAT TRANSFER TECHNIQUE FOR HEAT FLUX RESTORATION USING OPTIMAL WIENER FILTRATION." In Radiative Transfer I. Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Radiation Transfer. Connecticut: Begellhouse, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1615/ichmt.1995.radtransfproc.370.

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10

Kim, Kyunghan, and Zhixiong Guo. "Discrete Ordinates Method for Transient Radiation Transfer in Cylindrical Enclosures." In ASME 2003 Heat Transfer Summer Conference. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2003-47256.

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The Discrete Ordinates Method (DOM) for solving transient radiation transfer equation in cylindrical coordinates is developed for radiation heat transfer in participating turbid media in pico-scale time domain. The application problems addressed here are laser tissue welding and soldering. The novelty of this study lies with the use of ultrashort laser pulses as the irradiation source. The characteristics of transient radiation heat transfer in ultrafast laser tissue welding and soldering are studied with the DOM developed. The temporal distribution of radiative energy inside the tissue cylinder as well as the radiative heat flux on the tissue surface is obtained. Comparisons are performed between laser welding without use of solder and laser soldering with use of solder. The use of solder is found to have highly concentrated radiation energy deposition in the solder-stained region and reduce the surface radiative heat flux accordingly. Comparisons of transient radiation heat transfer between the spatially square-variance and Gaussian-variance laser inputs and between the temporally Gaussian and skewed input profiles are also conducted.
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Звіти організацій з теми "Flux radiatif"

1

Grossman, A. S., K. E. Grant, and D. J. Wuebbles. Radiative flux calculations at UV and visible wavelengths. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), October 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10108002.

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2

Till, Andrew. Discretization Writeup for Grey Flux-Limited Radiation Diffusion. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1716739.

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3

Weber, J. M., and S. L. Hulbert. Flux and brightness calculations for various synchrotron radiation sources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6038769.

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4

Weber, J. M., and S. L. Hulbert. Flux and brightness calculations for various synchrotron radiation sources. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10119897.

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5

Whiteman, C. D., and Sebastian W. Hoch. Role of Radiative Flux Divergence in Stable Boundary Layer Development. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada545624.

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6

Harbour, Logan, Jean Ragusa, Yaqi Wang, Sebastian Schunert, Derek Gaston, and Mark DeHart. Uncollided Flux Implementation for Discrete Ordinates Radiation Transport Solutions in Rattlesnake. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1468543.

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7

Ragusa, Jean C., and Mark D. DeHart. Uncollided Flux Techniques for Discrete-Ordinate Radiation Transport Solutions in Rattlesnake. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1364492.

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8

Tenenbaum, P. Synchrotron Radiation Effects in the IR Solenoid Flux Excluder(LCC-0007). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/826902.

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9

Ogren, John A., Ellsworth G. Dutton, and Allison C. McComiskey. Development of Aerosol Models for Radiative Flux Calculations at ARM Sites. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/936852.

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10

CIE. CIE 250:2022 Spectroradiometric Measurement of Optical Radiation Sources. International Commission on Illumination, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/tr.250.2022.

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This Technical Report provides basic measurement principles and practical guidance on spectroradiometry of optical radiation sources in the ultraviolet, visible and near-infrared regions of the electromagnetic spectrum in the wavelength range from 200 nm to 2 500 nm. The document primarily deals with spectral measurements of irradiance, radiance, radiant intensity, radiant flux and derivative quantities. The document provides a detailed overview of relevant terminology and basic measurement principles, including those for instrument calibration. It provides practical guidance for identifying, understanding and quantifying relevant measurement uncertainty components. This document replaces CIE 063-1984. Additional details on measurement principles not covered in this document can be found in CIE 214:2014. The document is written in English, with a short summary in French and German. It consists of 94 pages with 41 figures and 3 tables and is readily available from the CIE Webshop or from the National Committees of the CIE.
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