Готові списки джерел за темами / Food of infants

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Food of infants"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Food of infants"

Wood, Lianna, Heather Jaspan, and Donald Sodora. "Infant immune activation, HIV susceptibility and ochratoxin A exposure in Khayelitsha, South Africa (P6159)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 118.3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.118.3.

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Abstract In Khayelitsha, South Africa, 25% of new mothers are HIV-infected, and despite HIV acquisition through breast milk, WHO guidelines recommend breastfeeding to reduce infant mortality. One unexplained observation is that mixed fed infants (breast milk with formula/cereals) have up to an 11 fold increased risk of HIV acquisition. We hypothesized that this increase in HIV susceptibility is due to higher immune activation in response to non-breast milk foods. In fact, using non-invasive oral mucosa sampling, we observed increased CD4+ cells in mixed fed infants by flow cytometry. One immun

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Ferro, Lynn, Kameron Sugino, Vanja Klepac-Ceraj, and Sarah Comstock. "Human Milk Oligosaccharide (HMO) Metabolizing Gene Abundances in Human Infant Fecal Samples." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_038.

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Abstract Objectives To benefit from the complex oligosaccharides found in human milk, an infant relies on microbial metabolism of these compounds. The main objective of this study was to determine the abundance of Bifidobacterium infantis human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) metabolizing genes in infant fecal samples. Methods Fecal samples from 40 6-mos-old infants were collected. Genomic DNA was extracted, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine the abundance of several genes in B. infantis. B infantis specific primer sets were used to target 5 HMO metabolizing genes as well as the 1

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Boateng, Laurene, Ruth Nyarko, Matilda Asante, and Matilda Steiner-Asiedu. "Acceptability of Complementary Foods That Incorporate Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder Among Infants and Their Caregivers." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 39, no. 1 (2017): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572117708656.

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Background: Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MLP) is a nutrient-rich and readily available food resource that has the potential to improve the micronutrient quality of complementary foods in developing countries. Objective: To investigate the acceptability of complementary foods fortified with MLP. Methods: Moringa oleifera leaf powder was fed to infants either as part of a cereal–legume complementary food blend (MCL-35 g) or by sprinkling as a food supplement (MS-5 g) on infant’s usual foods. Mother–infant pairs (n = 18 for the MCL-35 g group and n = 16 for the MS-5 g group) attending regular we

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Campbell, Sally, John J. Chen, Carol J. Boushey, Heather Eicher-Miller, Fengqing Zhu, and Marie K. Fialkowski. "Food Security and Diet Quality in Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and Filipino Infants 3 to 12 Months of Age." Nutrients 12, no. 7 (2020): 2120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072120.

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Food insecurity and other nutritional risks in infancy pose a lifelong risk to wellbeing; however, their effect on diet quality in Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and Filipino (NHPIF) infants in Hawai‘i is unknown. In this cross-sectional analysis, the association between various indicators of food security and NHPIF infant diet quality were investigated in 70 NHPIF infants aged 3–12 months residing on O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. The dietary assessments of the infants were collected using a mobile food recordTM. Foods consumed across four days were categorized into seven food groups. Indicators for foo

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Parkin, Kimberley, Debra J. Palmer, Valerie Verhasselt, et al. "Metagenomic Characterisation of the Gut Microbiome and Effect of Complementary Feeding on Bifidobacterium spp. in Australian Infants." Microorganisms 12, no. 1 (2024): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12010228.

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Complementary feeding induces dramatic ecological shifts in the infant gut microbiota toward more diverse compositions and functional metabolic capacities, with potential implications for immune and metabolic health. The aim of this study was to examine whether the age at which solid foods are introduced differentially affects the microbiota in predominantly breastfed infants compared with predominantly formula-fed infants. We performed whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing of infant stool samples from a cohort of six-month-old Australian infants enrolled in a nested study within the ORI

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Papanikolaou, Yanni, and Victor L. Fulgoni. "Grain Foods in US Infants Are Associated with Greater Nutrient Intakes, Improved Diet Quality and Increased Consumption of Recommended Food Groups." Nutrients 11, no. 12 (2019): 2840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11122840.

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There are limited data providing guidance on grain foods as part of a healthy dietary pattern in infants and may represent a gap in knowledge for the development of the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Scientific Advisory Committee report currently in progress. An analysis using infant data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted to assess grain food relationships with nutrient and energy intakes, diet quality, and food group consumption in infant consumers relative to non-consumers. Grain consumers were defined as infants consuming foods from the main

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Liberman, Zoe, Amanda L. Woodward, Kathleen R. Sullivan, and Katherine D. Kinzler. "Early emerging system for reasoning about the social nature of food." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 34 (2016): 9480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1605456113.

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Selecting appropriate foods is a complex and evolutionarily ancient problem, yet past studies have revealed little evidence of adaptations present in infancy that support sophisticated reasoning about perceptual properties of food. We propose that humans have an early-emerging system for reasoning about the social nature of food selection. Specifically, infants’ reasoning about food choice is tied to their thinking about agents’ intentions and social relationships. Whereas infants do not expect people to like the same objects, infants view food preferences as meaningfully shared across individ

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Tikhonova, Yu L., O. Yu Milushkina, N. A. Bokareva, and F. U. Kozyreva. "Hygienic aspects of food safety for infant nutrition." Voprosy detskoj dietologii 20, no. 4 (2022): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2022-4-51-60.

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Objective. To conduct a hygienic assessment of chemical contamination of food products for infant nutrition. Materials and methods. Analysis of databases on the content of toxic elements (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic) in food products for infant nutrition and the infant morbidity rate according to the materials of social and hygienic monitoring in the Russian Federation was performed. The structure of nutrition for infants was studied. Based on the results of generated databases, the hazard quotient was calculated at the level of the median content of toxic elements in food products. Result

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Cleary, Jane, Sayne MC Dalton, Alexandra Harman, and Ian M. Wright. "Current practice in the introduction of solid foods for preterm infants." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 1 (2019): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002337.

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AbstractObjective:The present study compared the age of first solid foods in a cohort of preterm infants with term infants and identified factors influencing timing of solid food introduction.Design:Structured interviews on infant feeding practices, growth and medical status at term equivalence and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months corrected postnatal age. The age of solid food introduction was compared between term and preterm infants, and the influence of maternal, infant and milk feeding factors was assessed.Setting:This prospective longitudinal study recruited primary carers of preterm and term inf

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Pier, Jennifer, and Kirsi M. Järvinen. "Food allergy and breast-feeding." Journal of Food Allergy 2, no. 1 (2020): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/jfa.2020.2.200026.

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Breast-feeding is currently recommended as the optimal source of nutrition for infants; however, it is known that some individuals can excrete enough food antigens in breast milk to result in allergic reactions in infants, especially those already highly sensitized. These reactions can include non‐immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated reactions, such as atopic dermatitis or gastrointestinal symptoms, and IgE-mediated reactions, such as anaphylaxis, although rare. Food reactions in infants who are breast-fed is a unique challenge because identifying the culprit foods may be more difficult and special

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Дисертації з теми "Food of infants"

Nduna, Themba. "Infant and young child feeding in Zimbabwe : developing food-based complementary feeding recommendations for infants." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231072.

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Background: Undernutrition is a global public health challenge with life-long consequences. For a child chronically undernourished within the first 1000 days of its life, the consequences include lower school attainment, shorter adult height, reduced adult income and national economic productivity. Investing in preventing child undernutrition has both immediate and later life benefits for children and society. To prevent child undernutrition, promote optimal growth and development, nutrition interventions should target the 1000-days window of opportunity. Aim and objectives: This thesis aimed

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Morris, Eileen Rachel. "A study of food antibodies in infants and adults." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.291014.

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Owino, Victor Ochieng. "Effect of an improved complementary food on nutrition of Zambian infants." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.434910.

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Papaioannou-King, N. K. "Introducing solid food : a developmental study of mothers and their infants." Thesis, Durham University, 1988. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/1243/.

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Johnson, Lera Joyce. "Effects of novel ingesta from novel presenters on food acceptance in infants of different ages." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/40068.

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The present study investigated food acceptance/ingestional neophobia as a function of distal and proximal sources of stimulus novelty in human infants of two ages and evaluated the utility of the two-stage model of ingestion (e.g., Garcia, Hankins, & Rusiniak, 1974) in understanding the role of novel cues in food acceptance. Thirty-two infants (6- to 12-months-of-age) and 32 toddlers (13- to 24-months-of-age) received a familiar or a novel food from a familiar or a novel presenter during lunchtime at a day care center. The measures of performance were latency to the first and second bites, per

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Begum, Housne Ara. "Effect of food supplementation on the growth of infants in rural Bangladesh." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.616151.

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Lai, Catherine Li. "Regulatory Immune Mechanisms in IgE-Mediated Food Allergies." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2021. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/27352.

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Background Egg allergy is an IgE-mediated food allergy affecting 10% of Australian infants. Two Australian early egg introduction trials were conducted – Beating Egg Allergy Trial (BEAT) and Start Time of Egg Protein to Prevent Egg Allergy (STEP). Both studies showed significant induction of egg-specific IgG4 that was associated with early egg consumption. IgG4 is associated with tolerance induction. However, the mechanisms of tolerance acquisition are still poorly understood but may involve regulatory T and B cells. Aims To examine the antigen‑specific and non‑specific immune cell su

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Keys, Marilyn Contri 1953. "The use of supplemental foods by participants in the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) and the Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP)." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/278451.

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Although the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants and Children (WIC) and the Commodity Supplemental Food Program (CSFP) have operated for years, little is known about utilization of program foods by participants. Using ethnographic interviews, this study examined food use, factors affecting use, and satisfaction among WIC and CSFP clients. WIC foods were consumed by most participants, but frequently not in the total amount. Four of seven WIC foods were found to be substitutions for foods previously consumed. CSFP foods were consumed less frequently, and in smaller amounts, than

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Al-Mashikhi, Shalan Alwan Edan. "Separation of antimicrobial protein fractions from animal resources for potential use in infant feeding." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26948.

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In the first part of this study, a non-ferric method for selective elimination of β-lactoglobulin from cheese whey was investigated. A new method was developed based on hexametaphosphate treatment of cheese whey. When Cheddar cheese whey was treated under the optimized conditions, i.e., 1.33 mg/mL sodium hexametaphosphate at 22°C and pH 4.07 for 1 hr, more than 80% of β-lactoglobulin was removed by precipitation. Almost all of the immunoglobulins and the major portion of α-lactalbumin were retained in the supernatant as indicated by sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SD

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Eklund, Gunilla. "Cadmium in newborns : bioavailability from infant food studied in a rat pup, a piglet and a human intestinal cell line model /." Uppsala : Dept. of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Swedish Univ. of Agricultural Sciences, 2003. http://epsilon.slu.se/v164.pdf.

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Книги з теми "Food of infants"

Castle, Sarah. Introducing complementary foods to infants in Central Mali. MEASURE DHS+, ORC Macro, 2001.

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Maloney, Karen B. Infant food & nutrition of newborn: Medical subject analysis with reference bibliography. Abbe Publishers Association, 1987.

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Mui, Ng Siong. Nutritious Chinese food for infants, children & youth. Landmark Books, 1991.

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Berthold, Koletzko, ed. Recent advances in infant feeding: Symposium, Leidschendam 1990. Georg Thieme Verlag, 1992.

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1959-, Chesterton Carrie M., ed. Food allergies: New research. Nova Science Publishers, 2008.

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Kalnins, Daina. Better baby food. R. Rose, 2001.

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Organization, World Health, ed. Weaning from breast milk to family food: A guide for health and community workers. World Health Organization, 1988.

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1937-, Stoppard Miriam, ed. First food made fun. Dorling Kindersley, 1992.

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Miriam, Stoppard. First food made fun. Dorling Kindersley, 1993.

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Wiwanitkit, Viroj. Focus on milk and infants. Nova Science, 2009.

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Частини книг з теми "Food of infants"

von Liebig, J. "Food for Infants." In Food in Nineteenth-Century British History. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003594536-18.

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Wu, Yen, Jeffrey Fisher, and April Neal. "Infant Toxicology: Overview and Considerations for the Safety Assessment of Products for Infants." In Food Toxicology. CRC Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315371443-12.

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Reed, N. R. "Assessing risks to infants and children." In Food Chemical Risk Analysis. Springer US, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-1111-9_9.

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Nowak-Wegrzyn, Anna. "Food Allergy to Proteins." In Nutrition Support for Infants and Children at Risk. KARGER, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000098510.

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Amir, Mamoona, Arif Shahzad, Asim Faraz, et al. "Health Effects of Aflatoxins in Fetus, Infants, and Children." In Aflatoxins in Food. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-85762-2_5.

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McCleary, G. F. "Infantile Mortality and Infants Milk Depots." In Food in Nineteenth-Century British History. Routledge, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003594536-37.

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Corvaglia, Luigi, Elena Legnani, Arianna Aceti, Elisa Mariani, and Giacomo Faldella. "Fortification of Human Milk for Preterm Infants." In Handbook of Food Fortification and Health. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7110-3_12.

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Fahmida, Umi. "Use of Fortified Foods for Indonesian Infants." In Handbook of Food Fortification and Health. Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-7110-3_30.

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Kan, Ahmet, and Yusuf Serhat Karakeci. "Allergic Toxicity of Foods." In Food Safety. Nobel Tip Kitabevleri, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69860/nobel.9786053358787.30.

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Food allergies are common and affect up to 10% of infants in some countries. Oral ingestion of certain nutrients may cause adverse reactions such as urticaria and anaphylaxis. Substances (biological, chemical, or physical) that can cause reactions in sensitive people are called food allergens. Many factors affect the type and severity of the reaction, such as the type and amount of the allergen, the way it enters the body, and the personal hypersensitivity level. Food allergy is a growing health problem affecting a significant number of people worldwide. Food allergy is increasing markedly in

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Beyer, Kirsten. "Hypoallergenicity: A Principle for the Treatment of Food Allergy." In Nutrition Support for Infants and Children at Risk. KARGER, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000098511.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Food of infants"

Katiforis, Ioanna, Claire Smith, Jillian J. Haszard, et al. "Prevalence of Household Food Insecurity in New Zealand Families with Infants." In NSNZ 2022. MDPI, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/msf2023018018.

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Dewi Puspitasari Tirtaningtyas Gunawan Puteri, Maria, Laurensia Christli, Elisabeth Kartika Prabawati, and Abdullah Muzi Marpaung. "Development of Rice Porridge With Overripe Tempeh Extract for Infants." In Proceedings of the International Conference on Food, Agriculture and Natural Resources (FANRes 2018). Atlantis Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/fanres-18.2018.39.

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Mcnee, Rosie, and Erin Williams. "174 Securing the right to food for infants: exploring the lived experience of families with infants in accessing formula milk." In Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, Abstracts of the RCPCH Conference, Glasgow, 23–25 May 2023. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2023-rcpch.139.

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Đermanović, Mirjana, Ljubica Bojanić, Vesna Rudić-Grujić, and Vesna Petković. "Patulin as a risk factor in a children's food." In Proceedings of the International Congress Public Health - Achievements and Challenges. Institute of Public Health of Serbia "Dr Milan Jovanović Batut", 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/batutphco24077d.

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Background: Patulin (4-hydroxy-4H-furo[3,2-c]pyran-2(6H)-one; CAS Number 149-29-1) patulin as a secondary metabolite of certain types of molds, primarily Penicillium, Aspergillus and Byssochlamys, belongs to the group of mycotoxins. Patulin is a well-known toxicant in food, with adverse immunological, neurological and gastrointestinal outcomes associated with chronic intake. Patulin is an enteropathogenic mycotoxin and has the ability to alter the function of the intestine. Methods and Objectives: The method for determining patulin using liquid chromatography is described in AOAC method 995.10

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Geljic, Antonella, and Iva Hojsak. "226 Methemoglobinemia in 2 exclusively breastfed infants with food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome." In 10th Europaediatrics Congress, Zagreb, Croatia, 7–9 October 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and Royal College of Paediatrics and Child Health, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/archdischild-2021-europaediatrics.226.

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Camacho, A., A. Chara, K. Htet Aung, et al. "Breastfeeding promotion and support among infants aged less than 6 months in Maiduguri, Nigeria: caregivers' and health workers' perspectives." In MSF Paediatric Days 2022. MSF-USA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57740/2s5d-th30.

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BACKGROUND AND AIMS International guidelines on infant feeding in emergencies advise protecting, promoting, and supporting breastfeeding (BF) for all infants in these settings. The re-establishment of exclusive BF (EBF) is also a central part of the management of acutely malnourished infants under six months old. More evidence on the feasibility, acceptance, and impact of BF promotion and support during emergencies is needed. Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) runs a nutrition project in Maiduguri, a protracted emergency setting in North-East Nigeria. This study aimed to explore caregivers' (CGs)

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Fujinaga, Aiichiro, Minoru Yoneda, and Maiko Ikegami. "Risk Assessment of the Intake of Foods and Soil With the Radionuclides and the Air Radiation Dose After the Fukushima Nuclear Disaster." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15862.

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Risk assessment of soil contaminated with radionuclides was performed by considering the intake of radionuclides in foods based on measured concentrations. Due to the disaster at the Fukushima nuclear power plant in 2011, radionuclides were spread out over an area of 13,000 km2. Radionuclides were found in the food, and the Japanese people are concerned about eating foods from Fukushima and the surrounding area. Radionuclides such as 134Cs and 137Cs were found on soil, buildings, plants, and so on. The exposure routes were determined to be (1) food intake, (2) ingestion and inhalation of soil

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"Enhancing Maternal Infant and Young Child Training and Counselling in Kisumu West." In 3rd International Nutrition and Dietetics Scientific Conference. KENYA NUTRITIONISTS AND DIETICIANS INSTITUTE, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.57039/jnd-conf-abt-2023-m.i.y.c.n.h.p-25.

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Improving maternal, infant and young child nutrition (MIYCN) is a crucial global public health priority. Adequate nutrition during the early stages of life plays a fundamental role in ensuring optimal growth, development and long term health outcomes. This abstract examines the significance of education and counselling interventions in promoting optimal nutrition for mothers, infants and young children. Study objectives were to assess MIYCN knowledge and practices among caregivers, identify barriers to effective MIYCN education and counselling among community health assistants (CHA’s) and docu

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O’Connor, Graeme, and Melissa Mansell. "107 The use of amino acid-based formulas in infants and children without food allergies: single-centre retrospective study." In GOSH Conference 2024. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjpo-2025-gosh.65.

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Barouh, Nathalie, Claire Berton-Carabin, Thierry Chardot, et al. "Exploring Plant Biodiversity to Extract Oil Bodies for Sustainable Food Applications." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/wmkj8057.

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Oleoproteaginous and cereal seeds enclose a wide range of nutriments such as lipids, proteins, polysaccharides and various mineral and organic micronutrients. These nutrients are found under the form of natural assemblies such as oil or protein bodies or starch granules, that have interesting functionalities (micronic sizes, surface activity, high physicochemical stability, etc.). These assemblies are extracted by various processes using energy, organic solvents, steam, alone or in combination. Thus, their natural structures are often strongly damaged, and some of their functionalities disappe

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Звіти організацій з теми "Food of infants"

Ishdorj, Ariun, Hongyang Di, Elfreda Samman, and E. Lisako J. McKyer. Are Rural Infants Benefiting from WIC Food Package Rule Changes? Breastfeeding and Infant Feeding Behaviors. Southwest Rural Health Research Center, Texas A&M School of Public Health, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21423/1969.1/201260.

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The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides healthy foods and services to low-income pregnant, breastfeeding, and non-breastfeeding postpartum women, as well as to infants and children up to age 5. In 2009, revisions were made to the WIC program to further improve the nutrition and health of infants by providing benefits to promote and support breastfeeding among those who are able and to improve infant feeding practices. This study compared breastfeeding initiation for rural and urban WIC participants, as well as changes in breastfeeding and infa

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Hodges, Leslie, Saied Toossi, Jessica E. Todd, and Cayley Ryan-Claytor. special supplemental Nutrition Program for women, infants, and children (WIC): background, trends, and economic issues. Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2024.8254669.ers.

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The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) provides supplementary foods, nutrition education, and referrals to healthcare and other social service agencies to low-income, nutritionally at-risk women, infants, and children up to 5 years of age. Administered by the U.S. Department of Agriculture's Food and Nutrition Service, WIC had an annual budget of $6 billion and served more than 6 million people each month in fiscal year 2022. The USDA's Economic Research Service periodically reports on research findings relevant to WIC policy and program operations, o

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Caulfield, Laura E., Wendy L. Bennett, Susan M. Gross, et al. Maternal and Child Outcomes Associated With the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC). Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepccer253.

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Objectives. The Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) aims to safeguard the health of low-income, nutritionally at-risk pregnant and postpartum women and children less than 5 years old. This systematic review evaluates whether participation in WIC is associated with nutrition and health outcomes for women, infants, and children, and whether the associations vary by duration of participation or across subgroups. Because of major revisions to the WIC food package in 2009, we prioritized studies published since 2009 and included studies comparing outcomes b

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Patnode, Carrie D., Nora B. Henrikson, Elizabeth M. Webber, Paula R. Blasi, Caitlyn A. Senger, and Janelle M. Guirguis-Blake. Breastfeeding and Health Outcomes for Infants and Children. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), 2025. https://doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcsrbreastfeeding.

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Objectives. To review the evidence on the association between breastfeeding and infant and child health outcomes, including the extent to which these associations vary by the intensity, duration, mode, and source of breastmilk consumption. In this review, breastfeeding refers to feeding breastmilk whether directly from the breast or other means and includes breastmilk from pasteurized donor milk. Data sources. Systematic literature searches in MEDLINE, Embase and CINAHL for English-language articles published from 2006 to August 14, 2024. We identified additional studies from reference lists a

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Rabbitt, Matthew P., Madeline Reed-Jones, Laura J. Hales, and Michael P. Burke. Household food security in the United States in 2023. Economic Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2024.8583175.ers.

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This report provides statistics on food security in U.S. households throughout 2023 based on the Current Population Survey Food Security Supplement data collected by the U.S. Department of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, in December 2023. An estimated 86.5 percent of U.S. households were food secure throughout the entire year in 2023, with access at all times to enough food for an active, healthy life for all household members. The remaining households (13.5 percent, statistically significantly higher than the 12.8 percent in 2022) were food insecure at least some time during the year. Very lo

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Güngör, Darcy, Perrine Nadaud, Carol Dreibelbis, et al. Feeding a Lower Versus Higher Intensity, Proportion, or Amount of Human Milk to Mixed-Fed Infants and Food Allergies, Allergic Rhinitis, Atopic Dermatitis, and Asthma: A Systematic Review. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.52570/nesr.pb242018.sr0208.

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Cohen, Victoria, Svetlozara Chobanova, and Iulia Iulia Gherman. Risk assessment for vulnerable consumers from Listeria monocytogenes in blue cheese. Food Standards Agency, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.tqb580.

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Listeria monocytogenes are bacteria that cause listeriosis, a disease which is very severe in vulnerable people. Vulnerable people include pregnant women, people over 65 years of age, infants, and those with a weakened immune system. While most semi-soft cheeses do not let L. monocytogenes grow, blue cheeses may be an exception, and pose a risk to vulnerable groups. L. monocytogenes is widespread in the environment and can grow at refrigeration temperatures. This makes it a particular problem in ready-to-eat foods such as cheese. It can also remain in the environment in food factories for seve

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Stadler, Diane, Rebecca Jungbauer, Azrah Ahmed, Nicole Marshall, Amy Valent, and Annette Totten. Digestible Carbohydrate Intake and Maternal-Infant Outcomes: A Systematic Review. AHRQ, 2025. https://doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcsrcarbmaternal.

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Background. Optimal nutrition is needed to support individuals during pregnancy and placental development, fetal growth, and growth and development during infancy. Many foods contain digestible carbohydrates, or carbohydrates other than fiber/nondigestible carbohydrate. Digestible carbohydrates, including sugars and starches, are important sources of energy during these life stages. This review was designed to identify and summarize the evidence on the relationships between digestible carbohydrate intake during pregnancy and newborn size and development (Key Question 1) and gestational weight

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Balk, Ethan, Elyse Couch, Htun Ja Mai, et al. Fiber Intake and Laxation in People With Normal Bowel Function. AHRQ, 2025. https://doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepcsrlaxation.

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Objectives. To support a planned update of the Dietary Recommended Intake of macronutrients, including dietary fiber, we conducted a systematic review of the effect of fiber on laxation outcomes (related to gut motility) in people with normal bowel function. Data sources and review methods. We searched PubMed, Embase, and existing systematic reviews to March 4, 2025 for randomized trials in the general population of people in any life stage (without bowel dysfunction) that compared amounts, types, or forms of fiber. Outcomes of interest were stool consistency, fecal weight, fecal frequency, gu

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Pexas, Georgios, Ilias Kyriazakis, and Bob Doherty. The Future of Animal Feed. Food Standards Agency, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.46756/sci.fsa.gzi586.

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The feed-food competition for environmental and economic resources raises increasing concerns about the production and supply of protein for the global livestock sector. Risks to food-security and approaching deadlines for global sustainable development, means exploring the potential for alternative protein feeds is imperative. However, as the use of alternative feeds for livestock production is still at its infancy, it is critical that potential direct or indirect food safety risks are evaluated before implementation at commercial scales. This Rapid Evidence Assessment (REA) offers a lens tha

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