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Статті в журналах з теми "Food of infants"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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1

Wood, Lianna, Heather Jaspan, and Donald Sodora. "Infant immune activation, HIV susceptibility and ochratoxin A exposure in Khayelitsha, South Africa (P6159)." Journal of Immunology 190, no. 1_Supplement (2013): 118.3. http://dx.doi.org/10.4049/jimmunol.190.supp.118.3.

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Abstract In Khayelitsha, South Africa, 25% of new mothers are HIV-infected, and despite HIV acquisition through breast milk, WHO guidelines recommend breastfeeding to reduce infant mortality. One unexplained observation is that mixed fed infants (breast milk with formula/cereals) have up to an 11 fold increased risk of HIV acquisition. We hypothesized that this increase in HIV susceptibility is due to higher immune activation in response to non-breast milk foods. In fact, using non-invasive oral mucosa sampling, we observed increased CD4+ cells in mixed fed infants by flow cytometry. One immun

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2

Ferro, Lynn, Kameron Sugino, Vanja Klepac-Ceraj, and Sarah Comstock. "Human Milk Oligosaccharide (HMO) Metabolizing Gene Abundances in Human Infant Fecal Samples." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 741. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_038.

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Abstract Objectives To benefit from the complex oligosaccharides found in human milk, an infant relies on microbial metabolism of these compounds. The main objective of this study was to determine the abundance of Bifidobacterium infantis human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) metabolizing genes in infant fecal samples. Methods Fecal samples from 40 6-mos-old infants were collected. Genomic DNA was extracted, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine the abundance of several genes in B. infantis. B infantis specific primer sets were used to target 5 HMO metabolizing genes as well as the 1

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3

Boateng, Laurene, Ruth Nyarko, Matilda Asante, and Matilda Steiner-Asiedu. "Acceptability of Complementary Foods That Incorporate Moringa oleifera Leaf Powder Among Infants and Their Caregivers." Food and Nutrition Bulletin 39, no. 1 (2017): 137–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0379572117708656.

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Background: Moringa oleifera leaf powder (MLP) is a nutrient-rich and readily available food resource that has the potential to improve the micronutrient quality of complementary foods in developing countries. Objective: To investigate the acceptability of complementary foods fortified with MLP. Methods: Moringa oleifera leaf powder was fed to infants either as part of a cereal–legume complementary food blend (MCL-35 g) or by sprinkling as a food supplement (MS-5 g) on infant’s usual foods. Mother–infant pairs (n = 18 for the MCL-35 g group and n = 16 for the MS-5 g group) attending regular we

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4

Campbell, Sally, John J. Chen, Carol J. Boushey, Heather Eicher-Miller, Fengqing Zhu, and Marie K. Fialkowski. "Food Security and Diet Quality in Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and Filipino Infants 3 to 12 Months of Age." Nutrients 12, no. 7 (2020): 2120. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12072120.

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Food insecurity and other nutritional risks in infancy pose a lifelong risk to wellbeing; however, their effect on diet quality in Native Hawaiian, Pacific Islander, and Filipino (NHPIF) infants in Hawai‘i is unknown. In this cross-sectional analysis, the association between various indicators of food security and NHPIF infant diet quality were investigated in 70 NHPIF infants aged 3–12 months residing on O‘ahu, Hawai‘i. The dietary assessments of the infants were collected using a mobile food recordTM. Foods consumed across four days were categorized into seven food groups. Indicators for foo

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5

Parkin, Kimberley, Debra J. Palmer, Valerie Verhasselt, et al. "Metagenomic Characterisation of the Gut Microbiome and Effect of Complementary Feeding on Bifidobacterium spp. in Australian Infants." Microorganisms 12, no. 1 (2024): 228. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms12010228.

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Complementary feeding induces dramatic ecological shifts in the infant gut microbiota toward more diverse compositions and functional metabolic capacities, with potential implications for immune and metabolic health. The aim of this study was to examine whether the age at which solid foods are introduced differentially affects the microbiota in predominantly breastfed infants compared with predominantly formula-fed infants. We performed whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing of infant stool samples from a cohort of six-month-old Australian infants enrolled in a nested study within the ORI

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6

Papanikolaou, Yanni, and Victor L. Fulgoni. "Grain Foods in US Infants Are Associated with Greater Nutrient Intakes, Improved Diet Quality and Increased Consumption of Recommended Food Groups." Nutrients 11, no. 12 (2019): 2840. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11122840.

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There are limited data providing guidance on grain foods as part of a healthy dietary pattern in infants and may represent a gap in knowledge for the development of the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans Scientific Advisory Committee report currently in progress. An analysis using infant data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey was conducted to assess grain food relationships with nutrient and energy intakes, diet quality, and food group consumption in infant consumers relative to non-consumers. Grain consumers were defined as infants consuming foods from the main

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7

Liberman, Zoe, Amanda L. Woodward, Kathleen R. Sullivan, and Katherine D. Kinzler. "Early emerging system for reasoning about the social nature of food." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 113, no. 34 (2016): 9480–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1605456113.

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Selecting appropriate foods is a complex and evolutionarily ancient problem, yet past studies have revealed little evidence of adaptations present in infancy that support sophisticated reasoning about perceptual properties of food. We propose that humans have an early-emerging system for reasoning about the social nature of food selection. Specifically, infants’ reasoning about food choice is tied to their thinking about agents’ intentions and social relationships. Whereas infants do not expect people to like the same objects, infants view food preferences as meaningfully shared across individ

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8

Tikhonova, Yu L., O. Yu Milushkina, N. A. Bokareva, and F. U. Kozyreva. "Hygienic aspects of food safety for infant nutrition." Voprosy detskoj dietologii 20, no. 4 (2022): 51–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.20953/1727-5784-2022-4-51-60.

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Objective. To conduct a hygienic assessment of chemical contamination of food products for infant nutrition. Materials and methods. Analysis of databases on the content of toxic elements (lead, cadmium, mercury, arsenic) in food products for infant nutrition and the infant morbidity rate according to the materials of social and hygienic monitoring in the Russian Federation was performed. The structure of nutrition for infants was studied. Based on the results of generated databases, the hazard quotient was calculated at the level of the median content of toxic elements in food products. Result

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9

Cleary, Jane, Sayne MC Dalton, Alexandra Harman, and Ian M. Wright. "Current practice in the introduction of solid foods for preterm infants." Public Health Nutrition 23, no. 1 (2019): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002337.

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AbstractObjective:The present study compared the age of first solid foods in a cohort of preterm infants with term infants and identified factors influencing timing of solid food introduction.Design:Structured interviews on infant feeding practices, growth and medical status at term equivalence and at 3, 6, 9 and 12 months corrected postnatal age. The age of solid food introduction was compared between term and preterm infants, and the influence of maternal, infant and milk feeding factors was assessed.Setting:This prospective longitudinal study recruited primary carers of preterm and term inf

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10

Pier, Jennifer, and Kirsi M. Järvinen. "Food allergy and breast-feeding." Journal of Food Allergy 2, no. 1 (2020): 99–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.2500/jfa.2020.2.200026.

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Breast-feeding is currently recommended as the optimal source of nutrition for infants; however, it is known that some individuals can excrete enough food antigens in breast milk to result in allergic reactions in infants, especially those already highly sensitized. These reactions can include non‐immunoglobulin E (IgE) mediated reactions, such as atopic dermatitis or gastrointestinal symptoms, and IgE-mediated reactions, such as anaphylaxis, although rare. Food reactions in infants who are breast-fed is a unique challenge because identifying the culprit foods may be more difficult and special

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11

O’Donovan, Sinéad M., Deirdre M. Murray, Jonathan O’B Hourihane, Louise C. Kenny, Alan D. Irvine, and Mairead Kiely. "Adherence with early infant feeding and complementary feeding guidelines in the Cork BASELINE Birth Cohort Study." Public Health Nutrition 18, no. 15 (2015): 2864–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s136898001500018x.

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AbstractObjectiveTo describe adherence with infant feeding and complementary feeding guidelines.DesignProspective study of infant feeding and complementary feeding practices were collected as part of the Cork BASELINE Birth Cohort Study.SettingCork, Ireland.SubjectsData are described for the 823 infants for whom a diary was completed.ResultsBreast-feeding was initiated in 81 % of infants, and 34 %, 14 % and 1 % of infants were exclusively breast-fed at hospital discharge, 2 and 6 months, respectively. Stage one infant formula decreased from 71 % at 2 months to 13 % at 12 months. The majority o

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12

Cidro, Jaime, Tabitha Robin Martens, Lynelle Zahayko, and Herenia P. Lawrence. "First foods as Indigenous food sovereignty: Country foods and breastfeeding practices in a Manitoban First Nations community." Canadian Food Studies / La Revue canadienne des études sur l'alimentation 5, no. 2 (2018): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15353/cfs-rcea.v5i2.249.

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As a concept and in practice, Indigenous food sovereignty (IFS) offers insights into the social, cultural, and environmental challenges of a deficient food system. The associated poor health outcomes of this system include infant and child health issues such as early childhood caries and childhood obesity, and are a grave concern in many First Nations communities. Extant research has failed to consider the role of infant feeding traditions as an element of Indigenous food sovereignty. Breastfeeding and country food (also called traditional food or cultural food) consumption among infants has b

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13

Han, Cliff S., Melanie Ann Martin, Armand E. K. Dichosa, et al. "Salivary microbiomes of indigenous Tsimane mothers and infants are distinct despite frequent premastication." PeerJ 4 (November 3, 2016): e2660. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.2660.

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BackgroundPremastication, the transfer of pre-chewed food, is a common infant and young child feeding practice among the Tsimane, forager-horticulturalists living in the Bolivian Amazon. Research conducted primarily with Western populations has shown that infants harbor distinct oral microbiota from their mothers. Premastication, which is less common in these populations, may influence the colonization and maturation of infant oral microbiota, including via transmission of oral pathogens. We collected premasticated food and saliva samples from Tsimane mothers and infants (9–24 months of age) t

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14

Ducharme, Francine M., Elisabeth Rousseau, Ernest G. Seidman, and Zave Chad. "Apparent Insatiability: An Unrecognized Manifestation of Food Intolerance in Breast-Fed Infants." Pediatrics 93, no. 6 (1994): 1006–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.93.6.1006.

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Recognized manifestations of food allergy in infants include atopic dermatitis, urticaria, colic, gastroenteropathy, allergic rhinitis, asthma, and anaphylaxis.1 Recently, sleep disturbance was added to this list.2 We present two exclusively breast-fed siblings in whom the cardinal manifestation of food intolerance was apparent insatiability. To our knowledge, voracity has never been reported as a manifestation of food sensitivity. Further, confronted with an apparently healthy and well-growing infant, most clinicians would tend to dismiss maternal concerns regarding their infant's feeding beh

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15

Chichlowski, Maciej, Neil Shah, Jennifer L. Wampler, Steven S. Wu, and Jon A. Vanderhoof. "Bifidobacterium longum Subspecies infantis (B. infantis) in Pediatric Nutrition: Current State of Knowledge." Nutrients 12, no. 6 (2020): 1581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061581.

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Since originally isolated in 1899, the genus Bifidobacterium has been demonstrated to predominate in the gut microbiota of breastfed infants and to benefit the host by accelerating maturation of the immune response, balancing the immune system to suppress inflammation, improving intestinal barrier function, and increasing acetate production. In particular, Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis (B. infantis) is well adapted to the infant gut and has co-evolved with the mother-infant dyad and gut microbiome, in part due to its ability to consume complex carbohydrates found in human milk. B.

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16

Ropitasari, Ropitasari, Rizka Adela Fatsena, Sri Anggarini Parwatiningsih, et al. "Relationship of Breastfeeding on Infant Development in Surakarta." Journal of Maternal and Child Health 8, no. 5 (2023): 641–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/thejmch.2023.08.05.10.

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Background: Breast milk is the healthiest diet for newborns since it has the best immune system of any food, has a wealth of advantages, and contains the right combination and amount of nutrients to promote an infant's growth and development, especially between the ages of 0 and 6 months. This study aimed to determine the impact of breastfeeding on infant’s development in Surakarta. Subjects and Method: This was a retrospective cross-sectional study conducted at Community Health Centre in Surakarta, Central Java on March to August 2020. A total sample of 56 infants were selected for this study

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17

Moding, Kameron, Stephanie Anzman-Frasca, and Elizabeth Kielb. "Early Temperamental Reactivity and Infants’ Responses to Novel Foods at 6 Months of Age." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 788. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_085.

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Abstract Objectives Since infant food acceptance is linked to diet quality and the development of food preferences, it is important to identify factors related to infants’ reactions to new foods. Temperament, or biologically-based differences in reactivity, has been associated with responses to new foods in childhood, but less research has focused on infancy. The objective of this study was to examine associations between infant temperament at 4 months and responses to new foods at 6 months. Methods Mother-infant dyads (n = 78; 62% male; 97% non-Hispanic white) participated in study visits whe

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18

Gelsomino, Mariannita, Lucia Liotti, Simona Barni, et al. "Elimination Diets in Lactating Mothers of Infants with Food Allergy." Nutrients 16, no. 14 (2024): 2317. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu16142317.

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Breastfeeding is the most important nutrition source for infants. However, managing breastfed infants with signs and symptoms related to food allergy can be difficult. Many studies have shown the presence of different food allergens in breast milk, but the clinical role of these antigens in human milk is still much debated. Milk is the main suspect in exclusively breastfed infants with signs and symptoms attributable to food allergy, even if other foods may be responsible. This narrative review analyzes the recommendations provided by international guidelines to determine the diagnosis and man

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19

Decker, Jessica, Julie Mennella, Benjamin Brewer, et al. "Posteriori Diet Patterns of Formula-Fed Infants During First 1.5 Years." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 400. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab038_012.

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Abstract Objectives For the first time in American history, the 2020–2025 Dietary Guidelines for Americans (DGA) focus on the diet patterns of children under age two. Given the importance of nutrition in early life, the present study reports on the longitudinal data-derived diet patterns of a racially diverse group of infants from the age of 0.5 months, when they were exclusively formula fed, until 1.5 years. Methods Weighed/measured diet records were obtained monthly from enrollment (0.5 months) to 1 year, and at 1.5 years during a trial on healthy infants who were randomized to one of two is

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20

Yu, Chuan, Colin Binns, and Andy Lee. "The Early Introduction of Complementary (Solid) Foods: A Prospective Cohort Study of Infants in Chengdu, China." Nutrients 11, no. 4 (2019): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11040760.

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The objective of this study was to document the types of foods introduced to infants before six months of age and identify factors associated with their early introduction. A prospective cohort study of infant feeding for the first six months after birth was undertaken in the city of Chengdu, PR China. The participants were 845 mothers who delivered their infants in hospitals in Chengdu. Mothers were interviewed within 15 days of giving birth and were followed up with for six months. The outcome measures were the introduction of complementary foods to infants within four and six months postpar

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21

Bakken, Kjersti Sletten, Tonje Eiane Aarsland, Synne Groufh-Jacobsen, et al. "Adequate Urinary Iodine Concentration among Infants in the Inland Area of Norway." Nutrients 13, no. 6 (2021): 1826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13061826.

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Considering the importance of iodine to support optimal growth and neurological development of the brain and central nervous system, this study aimed to assess and evaluate iodine status in Norwegian infants. We collected data on dietary intake of iodine, iodine knowledge in mothers, and assessed iodine concentration in mother’s breast milk and in infant’s urine in a cross-sectional study at two public healthcare clinics in the inland area of Norway. In the 130 mother–infant pairs, the estimated infant 24-h median iodine intake was 50 (IQR 31, 78) µg/day. The median infant urinary iodine conce

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22

Bolton, Jennifer, and Cristina Palacios. "A Pediatric Nutrition Web Application for Health Professionals to Prevent Early Childhood Obesity." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (2020): 944. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa054_016.

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Abstract Objectives To develop a web application for health professionals to easily evaluate infant diets using a validated food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for infants with the goal of providing customized nutrition counseling during well-child visits to ultimately improve diet and weigh gain in infants. Methods The web application was developed using the model of Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE). The Analysis stage includes a literature review and online search for available tools to identify the gaps in infant nutrition. The Design stage includes the d

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23

Journal, Baghdad Science. "The Influence of The Kind of Feeding on The Average of Body Growth for The Infant of The Age (3-6) Months in Baghdad.City." Baghdad Science Journal 4, no. 2 (2007): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.4.2.239-243.

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This paper was conducted to identifying the body growth averages for the infants of the age (3-6) months and their relation with brest (natural ) or artificial feeding The results showed that the higher percentage was for the infants with the natural feeding in comparison with those of the artificial or mixed feeding. Also there was a clear increase in the average of the body growth for those with the natural feeding and such results were closer to the standard criterion. While the averages of body growth for those with the artificial or mixed feeding were low. In addition, it was clear that t

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24

AL-Ani, Fatima Faeq Juma. "The Influence of The Kind of Feeding on The Average of Body Growth for The Infant of The Age (3-6) Months in Baghdad.City." Baghdad Science Journal 4, no. 2 (2021): 239–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21123/bsj.2007.4.2.239-243.

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This paper was conducted to identifying the body growth averages for the infants of the age (3-6) months and their relation with brest (natural ) or artificial feeding The results showed that the higher percentage was for the infants with the natural feeding in comparison with those of the artificial or mixed feeding. Also there was a clear increase in the average of the body growth for those with the natural feeding and such results were closer to the standard criterion. While the averages of body growth for those with the artificial or mixed feeding were low. In addition, it was clear that t

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25

Wu, Yifan, Gongsheng Zhang, Yucong Wang, et al. "A Review on Maternal and Infant Microbiota and Their Implications for the Prevention and Treatment of Allergic Diseases." Nutrients 15, no. 11 (2023): 2483. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15112483.

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Allergic diseases, which are closely related to the composition and metabolism of maternal and infant flora, are prevalent in infants worldwide. The mother’s breast milk, intestinal, and vaginal flora directly or indirectly influence the development of the infant’s immune system from pregnancy to lactation, and the compositional and functional alterations of maternal flora are associated with allergic diseases in infants. Meanwhile, the infant’s own flora, represented by the intestinal flora, indicates and regulates the occurrence of allergic diseases and is altered with the intervention of al

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Owais, Aatekah, David G. Kleinbaum, Parminder S. Suchdev, et al. "Household food security and infant feeding practices in rural Bangladesh." Public Health Nutrition 19, no. 10 (2015): 1875–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980015003195.

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AbstractObjectiveTo determine the association between household food security and infant complementary feeding practices in rural Bangladesh.DesignProspective, cohort study using structured home interviews during pregnancy and 3 and 9 months after delivery. We used two indicators of household food security at 3-months’ follow-up: maternal Food Composition Score (FCS), calculated via the World Food Programme method, and an HHFS index created from an eleven-item food security questionnaire. Infant feeding practices were characterized using WHO definitions.SettingTwo rural sub-districts of Kishor

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27

Duar, Rebbeca M., Giorgio Casaburi, Ryan D. Mitchell, et al. "Comparative Genome Analysis of Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Strains Reveals Variation in Human Milk Oligosaccharide Utilization Genes among Commercial Probiotics." Nutrients 12, no. 11 (2020): 3247. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12113247.

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Dysbiosis is associated with acute and long-term consequences for neonates. Probiotics can be effective in limiting the growth of bacteria associated with dysbiosis and promoting the healthy development of the infant microbiome. Given its adaptation to the infant gut, and promising data from animal and in vitro models, Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis is an attractive candidate for use in infant probiotics. However, strain-level differences in the ability of commercialized strains to utilize human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) may have implications in the performance of strains in the inf

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Mbawalla, Hawa Shariff, and Shadia Majid. "Infant Feeding Practices with Oral Health Implications among Suburban Mothers of Tanzania." International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition 6, no. 4 (2017): 159–65. https://doi.org/10.6000/1929-4247.2017.06.04.5.

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Background: Behaviours around infants feeding influence both nutritive value and the detrimental effects of the infant feeding. Aim: The study aimed to determine infant feeding practices with implication to child’s oral health and examine the related socio-demographic factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study among mothers of the infants who were attending RCH clinics in suburban areas of northwest Tanzania. Cluster sampling technique was used to obtain the participants and a structured questionnaire was used to interview the mothers. Frequency distributions and cross-tabul

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McLoughlin, Vanessa ZY, Noor HA Suaini, Kewin Siah, et al. "Prevalence, risk factors and parental perceptions of gastroesophageal reflux disease in Asian infants in Singapore." Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 51, no. 5 (2022): 263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.47102/annals-acadmedsg.2021411.

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Introduction: Infant gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a significant cause of concern to parents. This study seeks to describe GERD prevalence in infants, evaluate possible risk factors and assess common beliefs influencing management of GERD among Asian parents. Methods: Mother-infant dyads in the Singapore PREconception Study of long-Term maternal and child Outcomes (S-PRESTO) cohort were prospectively followed from preconception to 12 months post-delivery. GERD diagnosis was ascertained through the revised Infant Gastroesophageal Reflux Questionnaire (I-GERQ-R) administered at 4 tim

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30

Demers-Mathieu, Veronique, Robert K. Huston, Andi M. Markell, et al. "Differences in Maternal Immunoglobulins within Mother’s Own Breast Milk and Donor Breast Milk and across Digestion in Preterm Infants." Nutrients 11, no. 4 (2019): 920. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11040920.

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Maternal antibody transfer to the newborn provides essential support for the infant’s naïve immune system. Preterm infants normally receive maternal antibodies through mother’s own breast milk (MBM) or, when mothers are unable to provide all the milk required, donor breast milk (DBM). DBM is pasteurized and exposed to several freeze–thaw cycles, which could reduce intact antibody concentration and the antibody’s resistance to digestion within the infant. Whether concentrations of antibodies in MBM and DBM differ and whether their survival across digestion in preterm infants differs remains unk

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Shapiro, Allison, Abigail Flesher, Kendal Lattanzi, Renee Charlifue-Smith, and Susan Johnson. "Young Children's Food-Related Receptive Language and Acceptance of a Novel Food." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (2021): 817. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab046_114.

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Abstract Objectives Little inquiry has been undertaken regarding the interface of children's development of eating behaviors and their understanding of food-related (FR) words. Thus, we explored the relationship between young children's understanding of FR vocabulary (FR receptive language) and their acceptance of a novel food. Methods Caregivers (n = 35) and children ages 7–24 mo (n = 12 infants age &lt;12 mo; n = 23 toddlers age ≥12 mo) participated in a study in which caregivers offered a novel food (nutrition supplement added to infant oatmeal) to their children. Novel food acceptance

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Taft, Diana H., Zachery T. Lewis, Nhu Nguyen, et al. "Bifidobacterium Species Colonization in Infancy: A Global Cross-Sectional Comparison by Population History of Breastfeeding." Nutrients 14, no. 7 (2022): 1423. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071423.

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Bifidobacterium species are beneficial and dominant members of the breastfed infant gut microbiome; however, their health benefits are partially species-dependent. Here, we characterize the species and subspecies of Bifidobacterium in breastfed infants around the world to consider the potential impact of a historic dietary shift on the disappearance of B. longum subsp. infantis in some populations. Across populations, three distinct patterns of Bifidobacterium colonization emerged: (1) The dominance of Bifidobacterium longum subspecies infantis, (2) prevalent Bifidobacterium of multiple specie

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Atkins, Linda A., Sarah A. McNaughton, Karen J. Campbell, and Ewa A. Szymlek-Gay. "Iron intakes of Australian infants and toddlers: findings from the Melbourne Infant Feeding, Activity and Nutrition Trial (InFANT) Program." British Journal of Nutrition 115, no. 2 (2015): 285–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007114515004286.

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AbstractFe deficiency remains the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide and young children are at particular risk. Preventative food-based strategies require knowledge of current intakes, sources of Fe, and factors associated with low Fe intakes; yet few data are available for Australian children under 2 years. This study’s objectives were to determine intakes and food sources of Fe for Australian infants and toddlers and identify non-dietary factors associated with Fe intake. Dietary, anthropometric and socio-demographic data from the Melbourne Infant Feeding, Activity and Nutrition Tr

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Cukrowska, Bożena, Joanna B. Bierła, Magdalena Zakrzewska, Mark Klukowski, and Elżbieta Maciorkowska. "The Relationship between the Infant Gut Microbiota and Allergy. The Role of Bifidobacterium breve and Prebiotic Oligosaccharides in the Activation of Anti-Allergic Mechanisms in Early Life." Nutrients 12, no. 4 (2020): 946. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12040946.

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The increase in allergy prevalence observed in recent decades may be a consequence of early intestinal dysbiosis. The intestinal microbiota is formed in the first 1000 days of life, when it is particularly sensitive to various factors, such as the composition of the mother’s microbiota, type of delivery, infant’s diet, number of siblings, contact with animals, and antibiotic therapy. Breastfeeding and vaginal birth favorably affect the formation of an infant’s intestinal microbiota and protect against allergy development. The intestinal microbiota of these infants is characterized by an early

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Melsaether, Cathrine, Diana Høtoft, Anja Wellejus, Gerben D. A. Hermes, and Anders Damholt. "Seeding the Infant Gut in Early Life—Effects of Maternal and Infant Seeding with Probiotics on Strain Transfer, Microbiota, and Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Healthy Breastfed Infants." Nutrients 15, no. 18 (2023): 4000. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15184000.

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We investigated the effects of two dosing regimens of two multi-strain probiotic products on the gut microbiota of breastfed infants, including the transfer of the dosed strains and clinical outcomes. In forty-seven dyads, infants were either exposed through maternal intake (MS) of Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5, Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12, Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LGG, and Bifidobacterium longum subsp. infantis Bifin02 from gestational week thirty-three until four weeks after birth (n = 24) or dosed directly (IS) with the same strains except for LA-5 starting within 24 h

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Ferro, Lynn E., Kameron Y. Sugino, Vanja Klepac-Ceraj, and Sarah S. Comstock. "The Abundance of Human Milk Oligosaccharide (HMO)-Metabolizing Genes in Fecal Samples from Six-Month-Old Human Infants." Microorganisms 9, no. 7 (2021): 1352. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9071352.

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Herein, we report the abundance and prevalence of HMO-metabolizing genes, specifically those of Bifidobacterium infantis, in fecal samples from human infants. Forty dyads were enrolled, and each mother collected a fecal sample from her infant at six months of age. Genomic DNA was extracted, and quantitative real-time PCR was used to determine gene abundance. The mode of delivery was not associated with gene abundance. Several gene regions, Sia (a sialidase), B. inf (16S), and GH750 (a glycoside hydrolase), were more abundant in the feces of human milk-fed infants (p < 0.05). Others, Sia and

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Manohar, Narendar, Andrew Hayen, Sameer Bhole, and Amit Arora. "Predictors of Early Introduction of Core and Discretionary Foods in Australian Infants—Results from HSHK Birth Cohort Study." Nutrients 12, no. 1 (2020): 258. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12010258.

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Early introduction of complementary foods can have a detrimental impact on children’s long-term health. This study examined the timing and determinants of early introduction of core and discretionary foods among infants in Sydney, Australia. Mothers (n = 1035) from an ongoing population-based birth cohort study were interviewed at 8, 17, 34 and 52 weeks postpartum. The outcome was ‘age at which particular core and discretionary food items were first introduced’. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to investigate family and infant-related determinants of early introduction of cor

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Watters, Amanda, Meghan Holpuch, and Leslie Solomonian. "Challenging the Maligning of Homemade Human Milk Substitutes During a Shortage of Commercial Formula." CAND Journal 30, no. 2 (2023): 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.54434/candj.130.

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Infant formula (human milk substitutes) has been commercialized and capitalized in such a way that during times of shortages, families unable to offer human milk struggle to provide for their infant’s needs. A thoughtfully designed and safely prepared homemade recipe may meet the needs of families struggling to access commercial products. Analysis of a simple recipe indicates that it appears to be of greater nutritional value than the emergency formula suggested by the World Health Organization. Naturopathic doctors play a key role in empowering parents to provide safe and reliable nutrition f

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Ruffoni Moreira, Paula, Leandro Meirelles Nunes, Bruna Oliveira de Vargas, Erissandra Gomes, and Juliana Rombaldi Bernardi. "Food consumption markers and minimum dietary diversity in different complementary feeding methods: a randomized clinical trial." DEMETRA: Alimentação, Nutrição & Saúde 18 (August 4, 2023): e67882. http://dx.doi.org/10.12957/demetra.2023.67882.

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Objective: To evaluate food consumption markers and minimum dietary diversity in 12-month-old infants exposed to different methods of food introduction. Methods: A randomized clinical trial with mother-infant pairs undergoing intervention on food introduction in three methods: Parent-Led Weaning (PLW), Baby-Led Introduction to SolidS (BLISS), and mixed (combination of the two techniques). Food consumption markers were evaluated by an online questionnaire at 12 months based on food consumed the previous day, using food consumption markers for children under 2 years of the Food and Nutrition Sur

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Abrams, Elissa M., Julia Orkin, Carl Cummings, Becky Blair, and Edmond S. Chan. "Dietary exposures and allergy prevention in high-risk infants." Paediatrics & Child Health 26, no. 8 (2021): 504–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pch/pxab064.

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Abstract Infants at high risk for developing a food allergy have either an atopic condition (such as eczema) themselves or an immediate family member with such a condition. Breastfeeding should be promoted and supported regardless of issues pertaining to food allergy prevention, but for infants whose mothers cannot or choose not to breastfeed, using a specific formula (i.e., hydrolyzed formula) is not recommended to prevent food allergies. When cow’s milk protein formula has been introduced in an infant’s diet, make sure that regular ingestion (as little as 10 mL daily) is maintained to preven

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West, Christina. "Introduction of Complementary Foods to Infants." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 70, Suppl. 2 (2017): 47–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000457928.

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While earlier food allergy prevention strategies implemented avoidance of allergenic foods in infancy, the current paradigm is shifting from avoidance to controlled exposure. This review focuses on the outcome of recent randomized controlled trials, which have examined the early introduction of allergenic foods for allergy prevention, and discusses the implementation of results in clinical practice. In infants at high risk of allergic disease, there is now direct evidence that regular early peanut consumption will reduce the prevalence of peanut allergy, compared to avoidance. Many internation

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Tsai, Kevin, Sheillah Simiyu, Jane Mumma, et al. "Enteric Pathogen Diversity in Infant Foods in Low-Income Neighborhoods of Kisumu, Kenya." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 16, no. 3 (2019): 506. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16030506.

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Pediatric diarrheal disease remains the second most common cause of preventable illness and death among children under the age of five, especially in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). However, there is limited information regarding the role of food in pathogen transmission in LMICs. For this study, we examined the frequency of enteric pathogen occurrence and co-occurrence in 127 infant weaning foods in Kisumu, Kenya, using a multi-pathogen PCR diagnostic tool, and assessed household food hygiene risk factors for contamination. Bacterial, viral, and protozoan enteric pathogen DNA and RNA

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Wu, Haoming, Yang Wang, Huiying Li, Lu Meng, Nan Zheng, and Jiaqi Wang. "Effect of Food Endotoxin on Infant Health." Toxins 13, no. 5 (2021): 298. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins13050298.

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Endotoxin is a complex molecule derived from the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, and it has strong thermal stability. The processing of infant food can kill pathogenic bacteria but cannot remove endotoxin. Because the intestinal structure of infants is not fully developed, residual endotoxin poses a threat to their health by damaging the intestinal flora and inducing intestinal inflammation, obesity, and sepsis, among others. This paper discusses the sources and contents of endotoxin in infant food and methods for preventing endotoxin from harming infants. However, there is no clear

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Nielsen, Søren D., Robert L. Beverly, Mark A. Underwood, and David C. Dallas. "Differences and Similarities in the Peptide Profile of Preterm and Term Mother’s Milk, and Preterm and Term Infant Gastric Samples." Nutrients 12, no. 9 (2020): 2825. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12092825.

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Our previous studies revealed that milk proteases begin to hydrolyze proteins in the mammary gland and that proteolytic digestion continues within the infant stomach. No research has measured how the release of milk peptides differs between the gastric aspirates of term and premature infants. This study examined the presence of milk peptides in milk and gastric samples from term and preterm infants using an Orbitrap Fusion Lumos mass spectrometer. Samples were collected from nine preterm-delivering and four term-delivering mother–infant pairs. Our study reveals an increased count and ion abund

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Butts, Christine A., Gunaranjan Paturi, Paul Blatchford, et al. "Microbiota Composition of Breast Milk from Women of Different Ethnicity from the Manawatu—Wanganui Region of New Zealand." Nutrients 12, no. 6 (2020): 1756. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12061756.

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Human breastmilk components, the microbiota and immune modulatory proteins have vital roles in infant gut and immune development. In a population of breastfeeding women (n = 78) of different ethnicities (Asian, Māori and Pacific Island, New Zealand European) and their infants living in the Manawatu–Wanganui region of New Zealand, we examined the microbiota and immune modulatory proteins in the breast milk, and the fecal microbiota of mothers and infants. Breast milk and fecal samples were collected over a one-week period during the six to eight weeks postpartum. Breast milk microbiota differed

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Hemanta Bahadur, Gurung. "Factors Affecting Customers’ Pre-Purchase Evaluation of Baby Food in Dhaka City." DIU Journal of Business and Entrepreneurship 3, no. 01 (2008): 88–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.36481/diujbe.v03i1.7ncj8121.

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Baby food for the infants is the most sensitive one. Doctors suggest exclusive breast feeding for the infants. But for some cases like sickness, temporary disablement or for any other reasons mothers cannot breast feed to their babies. And for that they have to choose infant formula for their infants. Like any other products, parents of infant go through a selection process to choose a baby food. The main focus of this paper is to identify and analyze the pre-purchase factors considered by the parents of the infants of 0-6 months in Dhaka city. Initially a qualitative study (Focus Group Discus

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Venter, Carina, Raanan Shamir, and David Mark Fleischer. "Early Introduction of Novel and Less-Studied Food Allergens in the Plant-Based Era: Considerations for US and EU Infant Formula Regulations." Nutrients 15, no. 21 (2023): 4530. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu15214530.

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Early life feeding practices may affect the long-term health of individuals, particularly in terms of the development of non-communicable diseases, such as metabolic and allergic diseases. Accumulating evidence suggests that the interplay of breastfeeding and/or formula feeding followed by the introduction of solids plays a role in the occurrence of non-communicable diseases both in the short and long term. International food allergy guidelines recommend that breastfeeding women do not need to avoid food allergens and do not recommend any infant formula for allergy prevention. Guidelines regar

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Sullivan, Susan A., and Leann L. Birch. "Infant Dietary Experience and Acceptance of Solid Foods." Pediatrics 93, no. 2 (1994): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1542/peds.93.2.271.

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Objective. To examine the effects of dietary experience and milk feeding regimen on acceptance of their first vegetable by 4-to 6-month-old infants. Design. Longitudinal study, of 26-days duration, observing infants aged 4 to 6 months at the start of the study. Random assignment to treatments, within-subject control. Setting. General community in a medium-sized mid-western town. Subjects. Thirty-six infants and their mothers. Subjects were solicited through birth records and advertisements in local newspapers. Interventions. Infants were randomly assigned to be fed one vegetable on 10 occasion

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Klingberg, Sofia, Johnny Ludvigsson, and Hilde K. Brekke. "Introduction of complementary foods in Sweden and impact of maternal education on feeding practices." Public Health Nutrition 20, no. 6 (2016): 1054–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980016003104.

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AbstractObjectiveTo describe the introduction of complementary foods in a population-based cohort in relation to recommendations and explore the possible impact of maternal education on infant feeding practices.DesignProspective data from the All Babies in Southeast Sweden (ABIS) cohort study were used. The ABIS study invited all infants born in south-east Sweden during October 1997–October 1999 (n 21 700) to participate. A questionnaire was completed for 16 022 infants. During the infants’ first year parents continuously filed in a diary covering introduction of foods.SettingSweden.SubjectsIn

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Jackson, Brian P., Vivien F. Taylor, Tracy Punshon, and Kathryn L. Cottingham. "Arsenic concentration and speciation in infant formulas and first foods." Pure and Applied Chemistry 84, no. 2 (2012): 215–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1351/pac-con-11-09-17.

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Arsenic (As) exposure to humans is pervasive, and, increasingly, studies are revealing adverse health effects at ever lower doses. Drinking water is the main route of exposure for many individuals; however, food can be a significant source of As to individuals, especially if their diet is rice-based. Infants are particularly susceptible to dietary exposure, since many first foods contain rice and infants have a low body mass. Here we report on As concentration and speciation in infant formulas and first foods. Speciation is essential for food analysis because of the much greater toxicity of in

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