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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "General economic value"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 28 травня 2022

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "General economic value"

Park, Juyeun, Eunjoo Choi, and Kihun Han. "The Effect of Hair Beauty Shop Customers' Perception of General Risks and Beauty Shop Risks on Consumer Sentiment." J-Institute 8, no. 1 (2023): 43–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.22471/value.2023.8.1.43.

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Purpose: As the COVID-19 pandemic began, the concepts that have been used in Korean society are “With Corona” and “Post Corona.” In Korea, social distancing and mask wearing were mostly lifted, but the sense of crisis did not disappear. As consumer sentiment shrank, productivity decreased, and the entire industry was af-fected, the beauty industry (mainly face-to-face services) is also subject to many negative effects. Consumer sen-timent appears irrational and rationally regulates consumption habits. The general risk perception and beauty shop risk perception of COVID-19 were set as factors t

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Schley, Dan R., and Ellen Peters. "Assessing “Economic Value”." Psychological Science 25, no. 3 (2014): 753–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0956797613515485.

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Siahaan, Elisabet, Khaira Amalia Fachrudin, Magdalena Linda Leonita Sibarani, and Iskandar Muda. "Evaluating customer perceived value of housing based on location factor and economic value." Problems and Perspectives in Management 17, no. 3 (2019): 196–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(3).2019.16.

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This study seeks to evaluate customer perceived value in housing in order to increase the construction of housing value from the consumer’s point of view. A total of 240 houseowners in the middle to upper housings in Medan city, Indonesia, participated in this study. The data analysis used in this study is the Partial Least Square (PLS) approach. The results indicate that the perception of consumer value is strongly influenced by the economic value of the housing and the location function of the housing. Housing offered should be able to meet the needs of consumers and has the good mobility an

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Choi, Kang-Shik, and Cheolsung Park. "The Value of College Education and General Education －Economic Perspectives." Korean Association of General Education 15, no. 4 (2021): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.46392/kjge.2021.15.4.11.

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This paper discusses the economic value of college education as well as general education. Major findings are as follows: First, the rate of return to one more year of education in college, in Korea, ranges from 9% to 17%, depending on the demand and supply conditions in the labor market. Second, the returns to education increase when the economic environment is in the dynamic and rapidly changing state rather than it is in the steady state. Finally, “general education” is more important than “professional education” to adapt the rapidly changing environment. The importance of the “general edu

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Yunanto, Yogi, Fendy Suhariadi, Praptini Yulianti, Wiwiek Andajani, and Subagyo. "Creating social entrepreneurship value for economic development." Problems and Perspectives in Management 19, no. 4 (2021): 124–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(4).2021.11.

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This study studies social entrepreneurial competencies, social values, and transformational leadership. They are a requirement during the COVID-19 pandemic. It arises to find out the effect of social entrepreneurship on social values and the influence of transformational leadership in memorizing the influence of social entrepreneurship on social values with a total of 200 respondents as social entrepreneurship leaders who have been announced in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative method with a structural equation model (SEM) analysis tool in AMOS software. SEM analysis in this study uses

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Zendania, Athaya, and Kartika Setyani. "Time value of money dan economic value of time." Fair Value: Jurnal Ilmiah Akuntansi dan Keuangan 5, no. 5 (2022): 2419–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32670/fairvalue.v5i5.2487.

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The concept Time Value of Money states that the value of money today is more valuable than the value of the same money in the future. But in sharia principles there is no such thing as Time Value of Money. In sharia principles, it is better known as the Economic Value of Time, meaning that money actually has no time value, but has economic value. Then the Time Value of Money itself triggers the human desire to develop their money in various ways, one of which is property investment. The purpose of this study is to answer how the investment scheme is in the theory of Time Value of Money and Eco

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Freeman,, A. Myrick. "The Economic Value of Biodiversity." BioScience 48, no. 5 (1998): 339. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1313369.

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Trussell, James, Joseph A. Leveque, Jacqueline D. Koenig, et al. "The Economic Value of Contraception." Obstetrical & Gynecological Survey 51, no. 12 (1996): 61S—72S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00006254-199612000-00018.

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Elmadhoun, Dr Ibrahim R. I., and Mohammed H. K. Murtaja. "Economic Value Added: Acritical Reading." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 2 (2022): 1050–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40450.

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Abstract: It is clear how important is the measure of Economic Value-Added and preference that this measure has over traditional performance measures. This measure is based on creating value for the company, and this measure is distinguished by taking into account invested capital, whether owned or borrowed. In addition, studies have shown that the measure of Economic Value Added increases the performance of the company and the performance of the management working. This measure affects the market value of the company and its use leads to maximizing the wealth of shareholders, and like all per

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KUKURUDZ, Rostyslav. "MODEL OF ECONOMIC PARTNERSHIP IN THE NETWORK ECONOMY." Herald of Khmelnytskyi National University. Economic sciences 312, no. 6(2) (2022): 40–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.31891/2307-5740-2022-312-6(2)-7.

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Significant changes in the development of new interdependencies between companies, the development of the value chain concept, and technological progress in the field of electronic communications between companies are the main prerequisites for the significant interest of theorists in network structures. Some scholars believe that the study of two-way relationships reflects the popularity of the concept of affiliate marketing, while the focus on networks is a higher level of marketing development. Given that the achievement of long-term cooperative trade relations primarily depends on the will

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Дисертації з теми "General economic value"

Jenkins, David. "The value of effort." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/946/.

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What is effort and why do we value it? This thesis examines various ways in which effort has been used to answer questions of distributive justice. I begin with effort’s role as the unique legitimate basis for justifying differences in the deserts people receive. This role focuses on either the burdens associated with effort, so that it is only when we try hard and suffer disutility that we deserve anything; or else it is because our effort is the only part of our person for which we can be held responsible. I then discuss the legitimacy of the demand for specifically productive reciprocal eff

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Christie, Linda. "The public value of urban local authority collaboration as economic development policy : the role of institutions." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2018. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/30885/.

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The thesis aims to understand: what constitutes urban collaboration and its relationship with policy outcomes? The research develops a conceptual understanding of the public value (PV) (Bardach, 1998; Moore, 1995, Smith, 2004) of Urban Local Authority Collaboration (ULAC) as economic development policy, relative to three theoretical domains in the literature: economic collaboration (i.e. new/old institutional economics: Ostrom 1990, 2016; Williamson, 2000); spatial collaboration (i.e. institutional economic geography: Ostrom, 2010; Gerber, 2015; Tarko and Aligica, 2012), and governance collabo

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Borchi, Alice. "Culture and economic crisis : cultural value in Italy from 2008 to the present day." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/108584/.

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This doctoral work is based on analysis of the discourse on cultural value in contemporary Italy, what are the 'grand narratives' that characterize this discourse and what is the relationship between them. In particular, great relevance is given to the concepts of “neoliberalism” and “commons”. The application of these two economical terms to the field of culture is particularly relevant in the Italian discourse: in 2011, Italy saw the rise of protest groups made of professionals from the arts sector who opposed practices influenced by the theories on the commons to the implementation of neoli

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Bjorheim, Jacob. "The epistemological value of the consumption based capital asset pricing model." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2014. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/939/.

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The thesis is a philosophical analysis of the consumption based capital asset pricing model (CCAPM), investigating in particular its epistemological and methodological foundations. Financial markets are integral parts of advanced and developing economies. They matter because they channel unspent household income into banks’ savings accounts and assets such as bonds and stocks. Financial economists have traditionally taken interest in the pricing mechanism that underlies this capital allocation. The consumption based capital asset pricing model (CCAPM) is a prominent effort to describe, explain

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Oswald, Dustin J. "Economic analysis of the U.S. Department of Agriculture’s value-added producer grants program." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/7252.

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Master of Science Department of Agricultural Economics Michael A. Boland The 2002 Farm Bill Rural Development Title created new programs to encourage the development of businesses designed to convert commodities to value-added products. This thesis identifies determinants of business development success for Value-Added Producer Grant (VAPG) recipients. Success is categorized in nine different stages of development:(1) creation of an idea, (2) formation of the idea into a written plan as a feasibility study, business plan, or marketing plan, (3) formation of an organizational stru

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Choi, Ki-Whan. "Economic Effects of Land Value Taxation in an Urban Area with Large Lot Zoning: an Urban Computable General Equilibrium Approach." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-07182006-170042/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Georgia State University, 2006. Title from title screen. David L. Sjoquist, committee chair; Geoffrey K. Turnbull, Sally Wallace, Michael J. Rushton, committee members. Electronic text (195 p : charts) : digital, PDF file. Description based on contents viewed on June 7, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 181-194).

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Guo, Xiaoqi. "The economic value of air-pollution-related health risks in China." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1155652414.

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Stebek, Elias N. "The investment promotion and environment protection balance in Ethiopia's floriculture : the legal regime and global value chain." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56244/.

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The thesis examines the balance in the objectives of investment promotion in Ethiopia, i.e. the enhancement of development and well-being in the context of environmental sustainability. The flower sector is used for the purpose of thematic focus due to the tension that exists between the benefits in the enhancement of cut flower exports and the corresponding challenges in labour conditions, environmental compliance standards and in the sustainability of the economic benefits. In spite of the Ethiopian legal framework on sustainable development, many economic actors tend to pursue its weaker in

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Goertz, Marvin. "Feasibility of building a greenfield contract manufacturing plant." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/19690.

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Master of Agribusiness Department of Agricultural Economics Vincent Amanor-Boadu Bunge is a global agribusiness company that has invested in a facility to produce extruded ingredients and inclusions in its Woodland, California rice mill. Because Bunge is not a branded food manufacturer, it is in a unique position to be a contract manufacturer to a variety of customers without the potential for a conflict of interest. Also, because Bunge is primary in three of the most common ingredients for extruded products, corn, rice and oil, this would be a move down the value chain that would a

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Post, Seth. "A financial analysis of placing fixed grain assets in northern Kansas." Thesis, Kansas State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/18146.

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Master of Agribusiness Department of Agricultural Economics Christine Wilson During the past two decades, there has been major consolidation in the grain handling industry. Staying competitive in today’s environment involves finding projects that add value from a strategic geographic standpoint and a revenue generation standpoint. This study examines several economic factors regarding growth opportunities of facility assets that exist in Northern Kansas, and what the associated cost structure would look like based on a business feasibility study. This study researched the county

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Книги з теми "General economic value"

Future, Resources for the, ed. The economic value of water. Resources for the Future, 1986.

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Parchure, Rajas. Money and general disequilibrium: Economic policies for the integration of monetary and value theories. Gokhale Institute of Politics and Economics, 2011.

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Hares, John S. Measuring the value of information technology. J. Wiley, 1994.

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1968-, Foster Vivien, ed. The price of virtue: The economic value of the charitable sector. Edward Elgar, 2001.

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Rehm, Sigmund. The cultivated plants of the tropics and subtropics: Cultivation, economic value, utilization. Margraf, 1991.

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Jelassi, Tawfik. Strategies for e-business: Creating value through electronic and mobile commerce : concepts and cases. 2nd ed. FT Prentice Hall, 2008.

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Economic Value of Landscapes. Taylor & Francis Group, 2012.

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Gibbons, Diana C. Economic Value of Water. Taylor & Francis Group, 2015.

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Gibbons, Diana C. Economic Value of Water. Earthscan LLC, 2013.

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Ricci, Gabriel R. Value, Capital and Growth. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.

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Частини книг з теми "General economic value"

Herscovici, Alain. "General Conclusion." In Value, Historicity, and Economic Epistemology. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-21157-7_9.

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Onimus, Jil Caroline. "General Methodology." In Assessing the Economic Value of Venture Capital Contracts. Gabler, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8349-6619-3_2.

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Aumann, Robert J. J. "Economic Applications of the Shapley Value." In Game-Theoretic Methods in General Equilibrium Analysis. Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1656-7_12.

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Carrera, Andrea, and Alvaro Cencini. "Nominal and Real Money, General Equivalent and Value." In Palgrave Studies in the History of Economic Thought. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-51737-2_2.

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Hamaguchi, Nobuaki, and Danielly Ramos. "Conclusion: Structuring Brazil–Japan Cooperation from Complementarity to Shared Value." In Brazil—Japan Cooperation: From Complementarity to Shared Value. Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4029-3_8.

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AbstractThis chapter summarizes findings and arguments of previous chapters. We conclude that Brazil–Japan cooperation has a strategic relevance in general, global, and bilateral context. The cooperation will be motivated by economic complementarity, human bonds, and mutual interests in exploiting shared value.

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Bajare, Diana, Gabriel Zsembinszki, Denis Rizaov, et al. "Circular Value Chain Management—Barriers and Opportunities." In Springer Tracts in Civil Engineering. Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-73490-8_22.

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AbstractThis section is devoted to analyzing the construction industry as one of the significant industries within the economy of any country with a high potential for circularity. According to Huovila and Westerholm [1], the buildings and construction sector is an essential contributor to environmental impacts and wealth creation in society, with social consequences. Globally, construction uses 36% of the energy, produces 39% of emissions, up to 40% of waste, and uses 50% of all the extracted materials. This undoubtedly emphasizes the significance of the industry and the necessity to transfor

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He, Hang, and Weiwei Luo. "The Impact of Intellectual Capital on Corporate Value of General Aviation Listed Companies Based on VAIC Model." In Proceedings of the 2022 International Conference on Mathematical Statistics and Economic Analysis (MSEA 2022). Atlantis Press International BV, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-042-8_157.

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Boual, Jean-Claude, and Cathy Zadra-Veil. "New hybrid organizations in the social and solidarity economy in France." In Providing public goods and commons. CIRIEC, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.25518/ciriec.css1chap13.

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This chapter investigates different new hybrid organizations like the public-private partnership in the social and solidarity economy. Different innovations are shaking the traditional borders between the economic actors, the public, the private, the profit and non-profit sectors. New form of firms emerges with several shareholders and mixed economic structure. A financial mechanism, the Social Impact Bonds, is also supported by French public authorities. New hybrid forms of innovation like Living Labs are defined as user-centered, open innovation ecosystems based on systematic user co-creatio

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Kirsten, Johann F., Bernhard Dalheimer, and Bernhard Brümmer. "Overview of the Macroeconomic Drivers of the Region." In Sustainability of Southern African Ecosystems under Global Change. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10948-5_4.

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AbstractThe ecosystems in Southern Africa are impacted by economic activity and population growth and pressure. There are several macro-economic drivers shaping these economic and population pressures and it is for this reason that this chapter unpacks the macro-economic drivers in the region. With the economy of South Africa dominating the regional economy (90% of Gross value added) it makes sense to discuss to the macroeconomic situation in Southern Africa by referring to policy and macro indicators in South Africa as a proxy of the regional situation. We also focus on the Limpopo province w

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Aschauer, Wolfgang. "Perceptions of Social Challenges in Europe. Disentangling the Effects of Context, Social Structure, Religion, Values and Political Attitudes to Identify Potential Drivers of Societal Change." In Values – Politics – Religion: The European Values Study. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31364-6_12.

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AbstractIn this chapter I address three current social questions that are central for Europe, namely redistribution, ethnocentrism and environmental awareness. By analyzing perceptions of European citizens in a cross-national perspective it becomes clear that these pressing issues will remain major sources of dissent due to notable value cleavages between and within European states. The aims of my empirical approach, using the data of the four recent waves of the European Values Study (1990, 1999, 2008, 2017) are threefold. First, a cluster analysis based on relevant macro-indicators is conduc

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "General economic value"

Katebah, Mary A., Ma�moun Al-Rawashdeh, and Patrick Linke. "Beyond Yield: Assessing Reaction System Performance using Economics." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design. PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.167342.

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Early stage exploration of reaction systems, including catalyst selection, operating conditions� specifications, reactor design, and optimization, is critical in the engineering field. It is general practice in the reaction engineering field to explore systems against certain performance metrics, of which yield is one of the most commonly utilized objectives. While the yield provides a quantitative measure of how efficiently reactants are converted into target product(s), its definition is ambiguous, particularly in the presence of side/ incomplete reactions, and multiple products. Most of the

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Laky, Daniel J., Radhakrishna Tumbalam Gooty, Tyler Jaffe, et al. "IDAES-PSE Software Tools for Optimizing Energy Systems and Market Interactions." In Foundations of Computer-Aided Process Design. PSE Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.69997/sct.137860.

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Modern power grids coordinate electricity production and consumption via multi-scale wholesale energy markets. Historically, levelized cost metrics were the de facto standard for techno-economic analyses of energy systems and comparison of technology options. However, these metrics neglect the complexity of energy infrastructure including the time-varying value of electricity. An emerging alternative is multi-period optimization, which considers the locational marginal price of electricity as input data (parameters). In this work, we present a general interface for multi-period optimization wi

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Walker, Cameron, and Jennifer Gleisberg. "Making It Last: an Interactive Lifecycle Calculator for Selecting Water Tank Coatings." In CONFERENCE 2023. AMPP, 2023. https://doi.org/10.5006/c2023-19199.

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Abstract Selection and management of coating systems for the interior and/or exterior of a water tank is no easy feat. Owners must consider different factors including cost, lifecycle, and environmental impact when making decisions about coatings. The process of selecting a coating system and maintenance plan for a steel water tank is often based solely on personal opinions about the proposed system's value. These opinions can be limited in scope and hard to verify with data. In recent years, the industry has recognized life cycle costing (LCC) as a method of decision-making for owners and eng

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Bae, Han-Jin, Jae-Jin Baek, Chae-Suk Lee, et al. "Improvement of Blasting Productivity by Optimizing Blasting-Related Operation Parameters." In Paint and Coatings Expo (PACE) 2007. SSPC, 2007. https://doi.org/10.5006/s2007-00006.

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Abstract As a means of surface preparation for protective coatings, abrasive blasting provides proper surface roughness and increases the surface area, which are critical in achieving physical and chemical adhesion between steel surface and organic coatings. For application of high-performance coating in a new shipbuilding, the abrasive blasting cleaning is widely favored primarily because of its economic and performance benefits. The abrasive blasting, however, also requires the significant amount of labor hour, whereas its efficiency mainly depends on the blaster’s skill. Blasting cleaning p

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Ndrio, Mariola, Avinash N. Madavan, and Subhonmesh Bose. "Pricing Conditional Value at Risk-Sensitive Economic Dispatch." In 2021 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm46819.2021.9637845.

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Daniel, John, Shu Liu, and Jiuping Pan. "Potential impacts and economic value of US offshore wind." In 2015 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pesgm.2015.7285841.

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Mcgrath, Robert N. "NASA's Small Airplane Costs v. Airlines, Autos and the Economic Value of Time." In General Aviation Technology Conference & Exhibition. SAE International, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2002-01-1546.

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Mount, Tim, Alberto J. Lamadrid, and Surin Maneevitjit. "The economic value of transmission lines with increased penetrations of stochastic generation." In 2011 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2011.6039349.

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Ilic, Marija D., Nipun Popli, Jhi-Young Joo, and Yunhe Hou. "A possible engineering and economic framework for implementing demand side participation in frequency regulation at value." In 2011 IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting. IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pes.2011.6039498.

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Pasynkov, Alexey, and Ekaterina Zakharchuk. "Impact of General Government Sector Expenditures in the Added Value of Regions of the Russian Federation." In Proceedings of the Ecological-Socio-Economic Systems: Models of Competition and Cooperation (ESES 2019). Atlantis Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.200113.045.

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Звіти організацій з теми "General economic value"

Francois, Joseph, and Neil Foster-McGregor. Modeling the Impact of Carbon Border Policies on Emissions, Global Value Chains, and Welfare. Asian Development Bank, 2025. https://doi.org/10.22617/wps250274-2.

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This paper employs a computational general equilibrium model to estimate the impact of border carbon adjustment (BCA) policies on emissions and economic performance. Results suggest that while an expanded scheme of carbon prices and BCAs can reduce emissions, underlying growth trends quickly undo the highest emissions reductions modeled. Results also suggest that in some cases the potential impacts of mitigation actions through domestic and trade-related carbon taxes may fall disproportionately on poorer regions.

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Canavire-Bacarreza, Gustavo, Jorge Martínez-Vázquez, and Violeta Vulovic. Taxation and Economic Growth in Latin America. Inter-American Development Bank, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0011481.

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Tax policy is among the most common and relevant instruments in the toolkit of policy-makers when thinking about promoting growth, yet there is not compelling evidence regarding its effect in Latin American countries. Using a variety of approaches, we estimate the effects on growth of the most important taxes for the region, namely personal income tax, corporate income tax, general taxes on goods and services, including value added and other sales taxes, and revenues from natural resource. We evaluate the effect of these tax instruments on growth for Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, and Chile using

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Nechaev, V., Володимир Миколайович Соловйов, and A. Nagibas. Complex economic systems structural organization modelling. Politecnico di Torino, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/0564/1118.

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One of the well-known results of the theory of management is the fact, that multi-stage hierarchical organization of management is unstable. Hence, the ideas expressed in a number of works by Don Tapscott on advantages of network organization of businesses over vertically integrated ones is clear. While studying the basic tendencies of business organization in the conditions of globalization, computerization and internetization of the society and the results of the ﬁnancial activities of the well-known companies, the authors arrive at the conclusion, that such companies, as IBM, Boeing, Merced

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Briones, Roehlano. Did the Opening Up of Rice Importation in the Philippines Worsen Income Poverty and Inequality? A General Equilibrium with Microsimulation Approach. Philippine Institute for Development Studies, 2020. https://doi.org/10.62986/dp2020.43.

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Tariffication of quantitative restrictions on rice imports was a key policy reform of the Duterte administration. This study reviews recent trends in the rice market, and assesses the poverty and distributional effects of rice tariffication using a computable general equilibrium model with microsimulation. Owing to the price difference between domestic prices in Philippines and exporting countries, imports of rice have surged under tariffication. As a result, domestic prices have fallen, though gross marketing margins have increased, amplifying the effect of the drop in retail prices on both w

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Miller, Benjamin M. The National Institute of Standards and Technology’s Impact on Fire Safety Standards. National Institute of Standards and Technology, 2022. https://doi.org/10.6028/nist.gcr.25-061.

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Standards provide critical benefits across a wide variety of contexts, including safety and health, environmental protection, and quality of products and services. However, while these benefits are generally acknowledged, estimating the social and economic value of standards and determining how specific entities and activities influence their development require careful analysis. In October of 2018, the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) asked the RAND Corporation to estimate the benefit of NIST’s research contributing to particular fire safety standards. The original object

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Riggs, William, Vipul Vyas, and Menka Sethi. Blockchain and Distributed Autonomous Community Ecosystems: Opportunities to Democratize Finance and Delivery of Transport, Housing, Urban Greening and Community Infrastructure. Mineta Transportation Institute, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2022.2165.

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This report investigates and develops specifications for using blockchain and distributed organizations to enable decentralized delivery and finance of urban infrastructure. The project explores use cases, including: providing urban greening, street or transit infrastructure; services for street beautification, cleaning and weed or graffiti abatement; potential ways of resource allocation ADU; permitting and land allocation; and homeless housing. It establishes a general process flow for this blockchain architecture, which involves: 1) the creation of blocks (transactions); 2) sending these bl

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Cattaneo, Matias D., Richard K. Crump, and Weining Wang. Beta-Sorted Portfolios. Federal Reserve Bank of New York, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.59576/sr.1068.

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Beta-sorted portfolios—portfolios comprised of assets with similar covariation to selected risk factors—are a popular tool in empirical finance to analyze models of (conditional) expected returns. Despite their widespread use, little is known of their statistical properties in contrast to comparable procedures such as two-pass regressions. We formally investigate the properties of beta-sorted portfolio returns by casting the procedure as a two-step nonparametric estimator with a nonparametric first step and a beta-adaptive portfolios construction. Our framework rationalizes the well-known esti

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Johnson, Eric M., and Robert Chew. Social Network Analysis Methods for International Development. RTI Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rb.0026.2105.

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Social Network Analysis (SNA) is a promising yet underutilized tool in the international development field. SNA entails collecting and analyzing data to characterize and visualize social networks, where nodes represent network members and edges connecting nodes represent relationships or exchanges among them. SNA can help both researchers and practitioners understand the social, political, and economic relational dynamics at the heart of international development programming. It can inform program design, monitoring, and evaluation to answer questions related to where people get information; w

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Banerjee, Onil, Martin Cicowiez, and Renato Vargas. Integrating the Value of Natural Capital in Evidence-Based Policy Making. Inter-American Development Bank, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002900.

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This paper describes how Natural Capital Accounting (NCA) can be integrated into economy wide analytical frameworks to enhance evidence based decision making. Examples from applications of the Integrated Environmental Economic Modelling (IEEM) Platform show how explicitly accounting for the contributions of the environment to the economy in economic forecasting can lead to substantially different policy recommendations, overcoming some of the scope limitations of traditional economic performance analysis. Furthermore, the paper describes how NCA can be integrated into more traditional economic

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Leveson-Gower, Henry. What's the value of nature? Making nature count in our economic systems. TABLE, 2025. https://doi.org/10.56661/d2feedad.

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Natural systems are being degraded at an unprecedented rate, with rapid loss of biodiversity and an average temperature rise of almost 1.5˚C on pre-industrial levels in 2023. Most economists believe that these problems have arisen because the value of nature is not sufficiently considered in policy and economic decision-making. However, there are considerable differences in views as to how to ensure nature is appropriately factored into such decision-making. Opinions amongst economic experts generally fall into two camps: one aligns broadly with a branch of mainstream economics known as enviro

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