Статті в журналах: "Gluteraldehyde"

1

Gohar, Maha Kamal. "Evaluation of Virucidal Activity of Reused Gluteraldehyde Solutions." Egyptian Journal of Medical Microbiology 26, no. 4 (October 2017): 127–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0046261.

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Ahmed, Shakeel, Mudasir Ahmad, and Saiqa Ikram. "Physicochemical Characterization of Gluteraldehyde Crosslinked Chitosan-Gelatin Films." Materials Focus 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 165–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/mat.2016.1308.

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3

Mondal, Subrata, Cunben Li, and Kean Wang. "Bovine Serum Albumin Adsorption on Gluteraldehyde Cross-Linked Chitosan Hydrogels." Journal of Chemical & Engineering Data 60, no. 8 (July 29, 2015): 2356–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jced.5b00264.

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4

Mohamad, Muhamad Zulkhairi, Kai Shing Koh, and Vui Heng Chong. "Gluteraldehyde-induced colitis: a rare cause of lower gastrointestinal bleeding." American Journal of Emergency Medicine 32, no. 6 (June 2014): 685.e1–685.e2. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ajem.2013.11.040.

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5

Guha, T., A. Q. Siddiqui, and P. F. Prentis. "Ultrastructure of Testicular Spermatozoon of the Fish Oreochromis Niloticus." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 46 (1988): 278–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100103450.

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Tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, is an economically important fish in Saudi Arabia. Elucidation of reproductive biology of this species is necessary for successful breeding program. In this paper we describe fine structure of testicular sperm cells in O, niloticus.Testes from young adult fish were fixed in gluteraldehyde (2%) and osmium tetroxide (1%), both in cacodyl ate buffer. Specimens were processed in the conventional way for electron microscopy and thin sections of tissues (obtained by cutting the blocks with a diamond knife) were stained by ura- nyl acetate and lead citrate. These were examined in a Carl Zeiss electron microscope operated at 40 kV to 60 kV. Sperm cells were obtained from testes by squeezing them in cacodyl ate buffer. They were fixed in gluteraldehyde (2%) in the same buffer, air dried, gold coated and then examined in a Philips scanning electron microscope (SEM) operated at 25kV.The spermatozoon of O. niloticus is consisting of head, midpiece and tail (Fig. 1).

6

Baqui, MA. "Port-Site Tuberculosis After Laparoscopy." Journal of Armed Forces Medical College, Bangladesh 7, no. 2 (April 16, 2012): 47–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i2.10398.

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In light of the explosive increase in laparoscopic surgery there is concern about the effectiveness of sterilizing laparoscopic instruments by immersion in 2% gluteraldehyde. This article describes 02 (two) cases who presented with biopsy proven granulomatous lesion of tuberculosis at the port site which were of primary origin. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jafmc.v7i2.10398 JAFMC 2011; 7(2): 47-49

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Fabela-Sánchez, O., D. G. Zarate-Triviño, E. A. Elizalde-Peña, Z. García-Carvajal, I. C. Sánchez, C. Parra-Cid, R. Gómez-García, et al. "Mammalian Cell Culture on a Novel Chitosan-Based Biomaterial Crosslinked with Gluteraldehyde." Macromolecular Symposia 283-284, no. 1 (September 2009): 181–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/masy.200950924.

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8

Umashankar, P. R., T. Arun, and T. V. Kumari. "Short duration gluteraldehyde cross linking of decellularized bovine pericardium improves biological response." Journal of Biomedical Materials Research Part A 97A, no. 3 (March 29, 2011): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.a.33061.

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9

Newsome, P., and M. Thompson. "Ensuring appropriate gluteraldehyde use: Collaboration by infection control and hazardous materials programs." American Journal of Infection Control 19, no. 2 (April 1991): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0196-6553(91)90091-p.

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10

Agarwal, R., and M. N. Gupta. "Evaluation of gluteraldehyde-modified chitosan as a matrix for hydrophobic interaction chromatography." Analytica Chimica Acta 313, no. 3 (September 1995): 253–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0003-2670(95)00241-q.

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Kangesu, Loshan, Timothy E. E. Goodacre, and Paul R. W. Stanley. "Survival of irradiated gluteraldehyde preserved bovine cartilage in nasal reconstruction: a retrospective study." British Journal of Plastic Surgery 44, no. 7 (1991): 483–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0007-1226(91)90002-2.

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12

Malik, Maruful, and Jeffrey A. Joens. "Temperature dependent near-UV molar absorptivities of glyoxal and gluteraldehyde in aqueous solution." Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy 56, no. 14 (December 2000): 2653–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1386-1425(00)00311-5.

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13

DVORIN, D., C. RANDOLPH, M. TRONOLONE, J. WYPYCH, and R. REISMAN. "243 Local nasal immunotherapy (LNIT) with high-dose gluteraldehyde-modified ragweed extract (PRW)." Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology 75, no. 1 (January 1985): 165. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0091-6749(85)90378-1.

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14

Compton, Bob. "How Good is Your Glut?" Microscopy Today 9, no. 1 (January 2001): 22–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1551929500069819.

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Gluteraldehyde (GA) has proven to be an extraordinarily versatile product. Its many uses range from softening leather and paper to disinfecting and sterilizing hospital instruments. It is used, of course, as a fixative in preparing biological samples for microscopic investigations that most readers of this publication will be familiar with. Even though quality questions relating to GA have been well researched and documented, there is still enough disagreement between industry experts to stimulate an enthusiastic discussion on microscopic list servers.

15

Doğanay, Özge, Sezen Atasoy, Nurettin Diker, and Alper Alkan. "Investigation of the effects of albumin-gluteraldehyde tissue adhesive on human gingival fibroblast cells." Yeditepe Dental Journal 16, no. 3 (2020): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5505/yeditepe.2020.71501.

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16

Dolensek, E. P. "Use of Gluteraldehyde Coagulation Tests to Evaluate the Immune Status of Exotic Hoof Stock." Journal of Zoo Animal Medicine 16, no. 3 (1985): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/20094757.

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17

?anli, Oya, and G�lsen Asman. "Release of diclofenac through gluteraldehyde crosslinked poly(vinyl alcohol)/poly(acrylic acid) alloy membranes." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 91, no. 1 (2003): 72–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.13102.

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18

Soud, Shemaa Abdul Satar. "Affect the Cross Linking Degree and Polymer Composition on the Mechanical Properties of Poly (vinyl alcohol)/ Pullu-lan Films." Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science 28, no. 2 (April 11, 2018): 86. http://dx.doi.org/10.23851/mjs.v28i2.504.

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In this study Cross-linked PVA/Pullulan film was prepared. Cross-linking reaction done by addi-tion of gluteraldehyde at different reaction time (10,30and 60) min. Chemical interaction, me-chanical, thermal properties, water solubility and film morphology was studied for cross-linked PVA/Pullulan, PVA and Pullulan only. Thus FTIR investigated formation of hydrogen bonding between pullulan and PVA with (GA). Tensile strength, tensile modulus and elongation (%) at break for PVA/Pullulan film was improved with addition of (GA) as the reaction time proceed equivalent with increasing PVA content

19

Bajpai, Varsha, Manisha Prasad, and S. S. Narvi. "COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ADSORPTION CAPACITY OF CHITOSAN HYDROGEL CROSSLINKED WITH FORMALDEHYDE AND GLUTERALDEHYDE AGAINST HEAVY METALS." International Journal of Advanced Research 4, no. 12 (December 31, 2016): 515–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21474/ijar01/2424.

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20

Kaith, Balbir Singh, Saruchi, Sandeep Kaur, and Meenakshi Devi. "Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Property Profile of Hybrid Ion- Exchanger." Advanced Materials Research 856 (December 2013): 64–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.856.64.

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Gum tragancanthbased organic-inorganic hybrid ion exchanger has been synthesized using a mixture of sodium tungstate, orthophosphoric acid and potassium iodate. The different reaction conditions like reaction temperature, reaction time, pH of reaction medium, solvent volume, monomer concentration and initiator concentration were optimized in order to get the semi-IPN Gt-cl-poly (AA). Onto semi IPN, methylmethacrylate was incorporated using lipase-gluteraldehyde as the initiator-crosslinker system. The IPN finally was converted into ion-exchanger and was studied for its different physico-chemical properties. Ion exchange capacity was studied for Na+and effect of different temperatures on ion exchange capacity was evaluated. Characterization was done using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and EDS techniques.

21

Gilbert, Charles S., and Richard T. Parmley. "Morphology of human neutrophils: A comparison of cryofixation, routine gluteraldehyde fixation, and the effects of dimethyl sulfoxide." Anatomical Record 252, no. 2 (October 1998): 254–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1097-0185(199810)252:2<254::aid-ar10>3.0.co;2-m.

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22

Kar, Nihar Ranjan, and Kanhu Charan Pati. "Effect of Cross Linking on Evaluation of Chitosan Coated Pellets of Glipizide." Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics 9, no. 4-A (August 30, 2019): 237–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22270/jddt.v9i4-a.3416.

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The objective of the current work is to develop and evaluate the effect of cross linking on drug release of chitosan pellets of Glipizide. Hence the present work was aimed to formulate glipizide pellets with a view to achieve and to maintain the plasma concentration for considerable period by controlling the release so to decrease the occurrence of doses and also to recover the patient fulfillment. Here the pellets of glipizide are designed by Pan Coating technique with solution layering with and without cross linking by Gluteraldehyde effectively. Then the optimized formulations are aimed to study the effects of polymer and cross linking on different evaluation parameters including the drug release study. Finally the conclusion was to arrive at better formulation based on comparison amongst the studied ones.

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RAJENDRAN, R., R. RADHAI, N. MAITHILI, and C. BALAKUMAR. "PRODUCTION OF HERBAL-BASED NANOPARTICLES FOR MEDICAL TEXTILES." International Journal of Nanoscience 10, no. 01n02 (February 2011): 209–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219581x11007764.

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The use of materials created through nanotechnology is expected to dramatically increase over the next few years. Nanotechnology can provide high durability for fabrics because nanoparticles have a large surface area to volume ratio and high surface energy, thus presenting better affinity for fabrics, leading to an increase in durability of the function. In this study herbal plants such as Curcuma longa and Datura metel were selected, and bioactive compounds were extracted and standardized. Nanoparticles of the medicinal plant extracts were prepared by coacervation method using bovine serum albumin, cross-linked with gluteraldehyde and finished on 100% pure cotton by pad-dry-cure method. The antimicrobial activities of the nanoparticles-treated cotton fabrics were found to be higher than that of the control fabrics in both AATCC 147 and Hohestein Challenge test.

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Rezaian, M., and S. Yamashiro. "Ultra structure of platelets in Asian elephants, elephas maximus." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 52 (1994): 204–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010016875x.

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The blood platelet, derived from megakaryocytes, and participate in the initial stages of the blood coagulation process. Although there have been a few reports presenting values for a number of blood constituents in Asian elephants (Elephas Maximus), which is now an endangered species, there is a scarcity of information available on aspects of normal fine structure of its platelet.Blood was collected from six healthy adult asian elephants and platetlcts were prepared with method used by Gentry, et al. PGEi was added to a plasma rich in protein to a final concentration of 1μM/10ml to inhibit platelet activation. Platelets were fixed with 2.5% gluteraldehyde in 1.0 M phosphate buffer at PH 7.2. Stained with tanic acid using stenberg method, and post fixed in 2.0% osmium tetroxide in the phosphate buffer. The samples were routinely processed for transmission electron microscopy.

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Szczesny, Piotr J., and Don Claugher. "High-Resolution SEM and Freeze Fracture Studies of Human Retina." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 3 (August 12, 1990): 146–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100158273.

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The fine structure of human retinae were investigated with use of TEM and High Resolution SEM combined with freeze fracture and osmium maceration technique paying partic ularattention to the morphology of photo receptor cells. Gluteraldehyde fixed retin al samples from 8 individuals of different age groups, were examined. Fixation time varied from 0 to 3 hours post mortem.Results showed good corelation between the TEM and HRSEM Fig 1-2. HRSEM enabled a detailed study of a several plasma membrane domains of rods and cones. It was possible to examine the inner limiting membrane formed by podocytes of Muller cells Fig 3, and also the cell junctions formed by rods, cones and Muller cells at the level of the outerlimiting membrane, Fig 4. HRSEM demonstrated particularly well the area of the photorecept or connecting cilium and the proximal portion of the outer segment in photoreceptors.

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Mickle, James E., Maria Rosaria Barone Lumaga, and Paolo De Luca. "Stomatal Development in Aerial Axes of Psilotum nudum (Psilotaceae)." Journal of North Carolina Academy of Science 128, no. 3-4 (October 1, 2012): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.7572/2167-5880-128.3.95.

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Abstract Apical regions of developing aerial shoots of Psilotum nudum (L.) Beauv. were studied using both scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy (LM) with the aim of improving our understanding of early stages in stomatal and epidermal ontogenesis. SEM samples were fixed in gluteraldehyde, critical point dried, and coated with an Au-Pd alloy. LM samples were fixed in FAA and embedded in paraffin. LM sections were stained with 0.05% toluidine blue for protein. SEM shows that P. nudum stomata develop from 20 µm-long domed meristemoid cells into guard cell mother cells (GMCs). A furrow dividing guard cells develops at 30 µm long, and wax deposition that will cover the entire cell begins at 70 µm long. LM longitudinal sections of GMCs show a cytoplasmic protein net that organizes into radial fibers, similar to reports of actin fibers in stomata of angiosperms. This study provides additional details of stomatal development in Psilotum and is the first report of an actin-like protein net in Psilotum.

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Mondal, A., and PK Chattopadhyay. "Mechanical and hydrodynamic swelling characteristics of bovine tanned leather post-treated by acrylic and glutaraldehyde tanning agents." Bangladesh Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research 51, no. 1 (March 28, 2016): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjsir.v51i1.27030.

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Chromium tanned cow hides collected at two different stages (i.e. pre-neutralization and pre-finishing) have been treated separately with acrylic and glutaraldehyde based tanning agents. Both mechanical and hydrodynamic swelling properties of these treated samples were investigated. Observed results revealed that overall tensile properties and resistance against hydrodynamic swelling have been improved in all the treated samples as compared to those of untreated samples. Such improvement has been realized through measurement of crosslink densities via fitment of Mooney-Rivlin equation on the tensile plot. Leather post-treated with acrylic copolymer has envisaged superior results as compared to leather post-treated with gluteraldehyde based tanning agent. After one swelling / deswelling cycle, slight material loss has been incurred in all the samples, which is the highest for leather post-treated with glutaraldehyde. Such post-treatment of leather can be a useful measure to enhance the performance properties of leather samples already manufactured in the tannery.Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 51(1), 1-12, 2016

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Manfredi, T. G., W. Ding, W. J. Evans, R. A. Fielding, J. G. Cannon, H. Y. Lee, and S. L. Verdon. "Quantification of ultrastructural damage in human skeletal muscle." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 49 (August 1991): 126–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100084934.

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Qualitative microscopic analysis of muscle architecture provides information about cellular markers of muscle fiber disruption in myopathic, aging, and experimentally damaged muscle. However, this approach does not provide sensitive information regarding the extent of muscle damage and has serious limitations when research protocols address tissue remodeling. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively assess the extent of muscle damage in young and older adults before and after exercise-induced damage. The older adults in this study had lower aerobic capacities and muscle mass than their younger counterparts, suggesting greater vulnerability toward muscle damage produced by physiologic stress.Five young males, ages 20 to 29 years and five older males, age 60 to 75 years had percutaneous needle biopsies taken from the vastis lateralis muscle before and after (N=9) exercise consisting of reverse cycling or downhill treadmill running at a prescribed physiologic effort. Muscle samples were prefixed in 3.0% gluteraldehyde in cacodylate buffer and post-fixed in VL OSO4. This was followed by routine procedures for TEM.

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Henry, Caroll E., T. L. Salaam, E. Steward-Clark, Joyce Craig, and Lennell Reynolds. "Characterization of Ustilago Hordei Fimbriae Using Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy and Immunocytochemistry." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (August 1997): 123–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600007509.

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Sporidia of Ustilago hordei produce surface fimbriae which are important in conjugation and pathogenicity. This work focuses on fimbrial origin and production using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and immunocytochemistry.Wild type I4A sporidial cells cultured to log phase with rotary shaking in yeast extract glucose (YEG) growth for 48 h. at 21° C, were harvested by centrifugation at 8000 rpm, placed on formvar coated grids, negatively stained with 2% uranyl acetate and photographed in the JEOL 1200 STEM. Some cells were prepared for sectioning by fixation with gluteraldehyde and cacodylate buffer, post fixed in osmium tetroxide, dehydrated and embedded in epoxy and stained with uranyl acetate. The remainder of the cells were sheared in a blender to remove fimbriae. The defimbriated cells and 1 ml. of fimbrial suspension were presented to TEM. The rest of the fimbrial suspension was centrifuged at 30,000 rpm and he fimbrial pellet protein concentration was determined to be 1.345 nm. as assayed by UV adsorption.

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Nicosia, Mark A. "A Theoretical Framework to Analyze Bend Testing of Soft Tissue." Journal of Biomechanical Engineering 129, no. 1 (July 31, 2006): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2401191.

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It has been hypothesized that repetitive flexural stresses contribute to the fatigue-induced failure of bioprosthetic heart valves. Although experimental apparatuses capable of measuring the bending properties of biomaterials have been described, a theoretical framework to analyze the resulting data is lacking. Given the large displacements present in these bending experiments and the nonlinear constitutive behavior of most biomaterials, such a formulation must be based on finite elasticity theory. We present such a theory in this work, which is capable of fitting bending moment versus radius of curvature experimental data to an arbitrary strain energy function. A simple finite element model was constructed to study the validity of the proposed method. To demonstrate the application of the proposed approach, bend testing data from the literature for gluteraldehyde-fixed bovine pericardium were fit to a nonlinear strain energy function, which showed good agreement to the data. This method may be used to integrate bending behavior in constitutive models for soft tissue.

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Hastings, Cindy L., Monica J. Crocker, and Patrick D. Walker. "Clincial Application of Microwave Processing: Biopsy to Block in 3 Hours." Microscopy and Microanalysis 6, S2 (August 2000): 466–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600034826.

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Microwave processing has progressed into a promising procedure for use in the clinical electron microscopy laboratory. In striving for faster turn-around-time in the clinical patient environment, the laboratory microwave has become a very exciting tool. The development of microwave technology enhances the pathologists’ ability to diagnose quickly without compromising quality.This laboratory's patient sample base is primarily renal biopsies. Tumors and other tissue abnormalities are also diagnosed. Animal and human renal tissue were used for experimentation with the microwave processing protocol. With the need for consistency between the existing resin of choice and standard processing protocol, procedures were developed with these criteria in mind. The standard electron microscopy processing protocol for this laboratory is fixation in either 10% neutral buffered formalin (NBF) or 4% buffered gluteraldehyde followed by post-fixation with 1% osmium tetroxide for 1 hour. The dehydration is performed with gradients of 50% to 100% ethanol followed by a transition solvent of propylene oxide into resin infiltration and polymerization.

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Francis K., Khosho, Kaufmann Robert C., and Amankwah Kofi S. "Surface Changes in Vaginal Epithelial Cells During Persistent Estrous Rats." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 656–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100119971.

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Light exerts a major influence on the reproductive functions of the female rat, and the presence of constant light results in an aberrant vaginal cycle, leading to infertility associated with polycystic ovary (PCO) syndrome. In the present communication, we have utilized scanning electron microscopy (SEM) to study changes on the surface epithelium of persistent estrous (PE) rats with PCO.Sprague-Dawely female rats were exposed to constant light for 50-150 days according to protocol that has been previously described. Rats in normal estrous, as determined by vaginal smears, were used as controls. Nembutal- anesthesized rats were perfused through the aorta with 2.5% gluteraldehyde in 0.1M sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.3). The mucosa of the upper third of the vagina from PE and control rats were microdissected, processed for SEM studies by a modified 0T0T0 technique, dehydrated, and critical point dried with C02- The specimens were examined in a Hitachi scanning electron microscope Model S-500.

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Francis K., Khosho, Kaufmann Robert C., and Amankwah Kofi S. "Ultrastructural Characteristics of Vaginal Epithelium of Persistent Estrous Rats." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 43 (August 1985): 658–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100119983.

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Adult female rats exposed to constant light will develop anovulatory acyclicity characterized by persistent vaginal cornification (PE) and formation of multiple large cystic follicles on the ovaries. The purpose of the present communication is to describe the ultrastructural changes in vaginal epithelia in PE rats as compared to that in normal estrous rats.Persistent vaginal estrous with PCO was induced in a group of Sprague-Dawely rats by exposure to constant light for 50-150 days. Rats in normal estrous, as determined by vaginal smears, were used as controls. Nembutal- anethesized rats were perfused through the aorta with 2.5% gluteraldehyde in 1M sodium cacodylate buffer (pH 7.3). The mucosa of the vaginal folds just inferior to the cervix were dissected by microsurgery, postfixed, stained with 0.5% ruthenium red in 1% osmium tetroxide, dehydrated, and embedded in polybed. Thick sections (1μ) were stained with toludine blue for light microscopy studies. Thin sections were stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

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Holmberg, D. L., and F. J. Ryan. "Structure of seeds and developing seedlings of Hydrilla verticillata." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 51 (August 1, 1993): 350–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100147594.

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Until recently, it was believed that Hydrilla verticillata, a widespread aquatic weed, did not generally produce seeds. There were reports that the monoecious biotype from the U. S. was sometimes capable of producing viable seeds, although these were not described in any detail. Recent work at the USDA ARS Aquatic Weed Research Laboratory, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, identified a monoecious biotype of H. verticillata from Penang Island (Malaysia) that is self-fertile and reliably produces viable seed. This biotype may also be crossed with other biotypes including the female dioecious plant from Florida. This work was undertaken to describe the anatomical characteristics of seeds and developing seedlings, using light and electron microscopy.Seeds and seedlings of the Penang Island biotype and Florida X Penang Island cross were processed for light and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Fixed and fresh material was used. Seeds and seedlings were fixed in 2% paraformaldehyde and 0.1% gluteraldehyde in 0.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.0. and dehydrated to 100% ethanol.

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Guha, T., and P. F. Prentis. "Nucleolus-like bodies (Nuages) and annulate lamellae in spermatogonia of fish-tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 3 (August 12, 1990): 92–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100158005.

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Type A spermatogonia in tilapia (Oreochromis ni1oticus) have been studied by electron microscopy. These are stem cells from which spermatogenesis beings in this species. In this paper we report presence of two cytoplasmic organelles, annulate lamellae and nucleolus-like bodies (nuages), in type A spermatogonia in O. niloticus.Testes were fixed in 2% gluteraldehyde for 4 hrs. at 4°C and then in 1% osmium tetroxide for 1 hr. at 4°C, both in 0.1M cacodylate buffer (pH 7.4). Fixed tissues were processed in the conventional way for electron microscopy. Thin sections of tissues were stained by uranyl acetate and lead citrate. These were examined in a Carl Zeiss electron microscope operated at 40kV.Nucleolus-like bodies (nuages) have been reported in rat spermatocytes, early postimplantation rat embryos, fish and amphibian oocytes and guppy (fish) spermatogonia. Annulate lamellae have been found in fish spermatogonia and oocytes. Type A spermatogonia (Figs. 1,2,3,4) in O. niloticus show presence of nucleolus-like bodies (nuages) and annulate lamellae in the cytoplasm.

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Santella, Luigia, Adrianna Ianora, and Brian Dale. "A morphological study of subitaneous and diapause eggs in marine planktonic copepods." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 3 (August 12, 1990): 96–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100158029.

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Many neritic, boreal and sub-temperate copepod species survive periods of environmental adversity by producing over wintering dormant eggs. To understand the nature of arrested development in these crustaceans, we recently studied resting and subitaneous eggs in Pontella mediterranea, a large neustonic copepod that occurs seasonally in Mediterranean surface waters. The species produces morphologically different eggs; smooth eggs that hatch with in 2 d at ca 21°C and spiny eggs that do not hatch under similar conditions. Eggs were fixed for EM immediately after deposition in the case of subitaneous and diapause eggs, and 2 wks and 6 mo later in diapause eggs. Females and eggs were fixed at 4°C in a mixture of 2.5% gluteraldehyde and 1% para formaldehyde buffered to pH 7.2 with 0.2. sodium cacodylate and 20% seawater, rinsed in the same solution with 0.55 M sucrose, and post-fixed and dehydrated in an alcohol series according to conventional procedures.

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Stears, Robin L. "Effect of calcium on endospore ultrastructure." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 3 (August 12, 1990): 586–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100160480.

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Clostridium sporogenes has been designated as a test species for the closely related but pathogenic Cl. perfringens. Cl. sporogenes possess a unique morphology. High resolution EM has not been applied and little is known about its calcium distribution, thus this study presents a morphological evaluation as well as data on calcium localization, which is considered important for endospore resistance.Cl. Sporogenes was grown on cooked meat/media. Sporulation was monitered using the malachite green method. After maximum sporulation the spores were harvested in deionized distilled water, heated for 20 minutes at 80°C to kill any remaining vegetative cells, washed 3 times with sterile deionized water and the stock suspension was stored at 2-8°C until needed. Aliquots of the spores were placed momentarily in warm agar prior to fixation then fixed in 3% gluteraldehyde (GCHO) in 0.1 M cacodylate buffer pH 7.4 to which Ca was deleted or with 1% CaCl.

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El-Aziz Khater, Asmaa Adel Abd, Maha Ahmed Niazy, and Nevin Abd El-Aziz Gad. "The Effect of Poly Amido Amine Dendrimer, Gluteraldehyde and Their Combination on the Micro Hardness and Micromorphology of Demineralized Dentin." Al-Azhar Dental Journal for Girls 5, no. 4 (October 1, 2018): 341–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.21608/adjg.2018.20019.

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Cassella, J. P., A. C. Catterall, T. C. B. Stamp, and S. Yousuf Ali. "An analytical and ultrastructural investigation of bone mineral in brittle bone disease (osteogenesis imperfecta)." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 50, no. 2 (August 1992): 1592–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100132595.

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No single analytical technique will provide all the information necessary for the interpretation of a complex biological system. The mineralisation of bone is no exception, especially in a pathological situation. Brittle Bone disease, a genetically and biochemically heterogeneous group of disorders is characterised by the ease and frequency of bone fracture. Although Type I procollagen mutations have been detected, few reports exist of the mineral and its relationship with the altered collagen.X-Ray Microanalysis (XRMA), X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD), Fourier Transform Infra Red spectroscopy (FTIR) and31p Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy (31P NMR) were used to study the composition, structure and resonance of the calcium-phosphate (Ca-P) in bone. Specimens of bone were fixed in 2.5% gluteraldehyde solution (18 hours) at 40C. The specimens were cut into small pieces (1-3mm3) during the first hour of fixation, followed by secondary fixation in 1% osmium tetroxide. The tissue was dehydrated through a graded series of ethanols before vacuum infiltration and embedding in Spurr's resin for 18 hours at 600C.

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Hackney, Patricia N. "Ultrastructural characteristics of sporidia of Ustilago." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (August 6, 1989): 786–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100155906.

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Ustilago hordei and Ustilago violacea are yeast-like basidiomycete pathogens ofHordeum vulgare and Silene alba respectively. The mating type system in both species of Ustilago is bipolar, with alleles, A,a, (U.hordei) and a1, a2 (U.violacea) at a single locus. Haploid sporidia maintain the asexual phase by budding, while the sexual phase is initiated by conjugation tube formation between the mating types during budding and conjugation.For observation of budding, sporidia were prepared by culturing the four types on YEG (yeast extract glucose) broth for 24 hours. After centrifugation at 5000g cells were either left unmated or mated in a1/a2,A/a combinations. The sporidia were then mixed 1:1 with 4% agar and the resulting 1mm cubes fixed in 8% gluteraldehyde and post fixed in osmium tetroxide. After dehydration and embedding cubes were thin sectioned with a LKB ultratome and photographed in a Zeiss 9s transmission electron microscope or in an AE1 electron microscope of MK11 1MEV at the High Voltage Electron Microscopy Center of the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

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Davamani, V., S. Arulmani, E. Parameswari, T. Thangaselvabai, and T. N. Balamohan. "Utilization of flower waste for the removal of chromium from tannery effluent." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 8, no. 3 (September 1, 2016): 1198–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v8i3.940.

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In this work we used flower waste biomass as a biosorbent to remove Cr from tannery effluent through column experiments. The sorption capacities of biosorbent (Fine, coarse and rough grades) were also evaluated by employing chemical pretreatments viz., sodium hydroxide, acetic acid, glutaraldehyde and hydrogen peroxide. The order of percentage removal of Cr using the above pretreatments was: 10% hydrogen peroxide < Raw powdered-FWB < 2% Gluteraldehyde < 10% Acetic acid < 0.1N sodium hydroxide. Among the different grades of biosorbents used, fine grade adsorbed more Cr (70 %) than that of coarse (64%) and rough (62 %) sorbents. The removal percentage of Cr from tannery was analyzed by using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, the functional groups which are responsible for adsorption was examined by Fourier Transform- Infrared Spectroscopy and the amorphous behaviour of FWB facilitating metal biosorption was indicated by the X-ray diffractogram. This study showed that pretreated flower waste biomass is a potential sorbent of Cr, which could be successfully used to reduce the Cr content in tannery effluent.

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Chandrethiya, G. D., P. K. Shelat, and M. N. Zaveri. "Development and Characterization Colchicine-Loaded PEGylated Gelatin Nanoparticles for Targeted Delivery to Tumor." International Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Nanotechnology 6, no. 2 (August 31, 2013): 2058–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.37285/ijpsn.2013.6.2.8.

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PEGylated gelatin nanoparticles loaded with colchicine were prepared by ethanol precipitation method. Poly-(ethylene glycol)-5000-monomethylether (MPEG 5000), a hydrophilic polymer, was used to pegylate gelatin. Gluteraldehyde was used as cross-linking agent. To obtain a high quality product, major formulation parameters were optimized. Spherical particles with mean particles of 193 nm were measured by a Malvern particle size analyzer. Entrapment efficiency was found to be 71.7 ± 1.4% and determined with reverse phase high performance liquid charomatography (RP-HPLC). The in vitro drug release study was performed by dialysis bag method for a period of 168 hours. Lyophilizaton study showed sucrose at lower concentrations proved the best cryoprotectant for this formulation. Stability study revealed that lyophilized nanoparticles were equally effective (p < 0.05) after one year of storage at 2-8°C with ambient humidity. In vitro antitumoral activity was accessed using the MCF-7 cell line by MTT assay. The IC50 value was found to be 0.034 μg/ml for the prepared formulation. The results indicate that PEGylated gelatin nanoparticles could be utilized as a potential drug delivery for targeted drug delivery of tumors.

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Ukil, Bidisha, Saptarshi Roy, Suranjana Nandi, and Larisha M. Lyndem. "SENNA PLANT INDUCES DISRUPTION ON THE MITOCHONDRIA OF HYMENOLEPIS DIMINUTA." International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences 10, no. 5 (May 1, 2018): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.22159/ijpps.2018v10i5.25519.

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Objective: The present study aims at observing the effects of three species of Senna plants, viz. Senna alata, S. alexandrina and S. occidentalis on the ultrastructure of the mitochondria of the tapeworm, Hymenolepis diminuta.Methods: Worms were treated with leaf extracts of the three plant species with a standard dose concentration of 40 mg/ml and keeping one group of parasites in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) as a control. The parasites from control and treated medium were simultaneously removed after the loss of motility and fixed in 3% gluteraldehyde. They were processed for ultramicrograph observations of the worm’s mitochondria with special reference to shape and cytoplasm through transmission electron microscopy (TEM).Results: The study showed loss of architecture in the outer mitochondrial membrane. The inner membrane became distorted with inconspicuous cristae and matrix became lucent in all plant treated worms compared to control. Amongst the three plants, S. alexandrina showed overall distortion in the shape leading to bloating of mitochondria.Conclusion: The observations depict pronounced alterations in the structure of mitochondria, thus signifying depletion of energy synthesis in the parasite. Senna plant could, therefore, be a potent anthelmintic alternative.

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Dobbie, James W., and John K. Lloyd. "Mesothelium Secretes Lamellar Bodies in a Similar Manner to Type II Pneumocyte Secretion of Surfactant." Peritoneal Dialysis International: Journal of the International Society for Peritoneal Dialysis 9, no. 3 (July 1989): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089686088900900314.

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In the early 1970s it was found that a specific lipid-fixing technique of tissue preparation for electron microscopy (tannic acid-gluteraldehyde) preserved and thus unmasked distinctive inclusions in Type II pneumocytes which were called lamellar bodies. This discovery was the first crucial step in demonstrating that lamellar bodies were the storage granules from which alveolar surfactant was secreted. In a previous study a comparison between mesothelium and Type II pneumocytes showed close ultrastructural similarities. In the present investigation of normal peritoneal tissue from man, monkey, rabbit and mouse, following primary tannic acidgluteraldehyde fixation and modified embedding procedures similar to those used for lung, examination by transmission electron microscopy demonstrated in all mesothelial cells examined, characteristic lamellar structures similar to those described in Type II pneumocytes. Exocytotic extrusion of lamellar bodies from the apical portion of the mesothelial cell, and the presence of lamellar bodies on the cell surface in a manner identical to that found in Type II pneumocytes was also observed. These findings provide compelling evidence that a process of specialized biosynthesis and secretion of phospholipids similar to that established for Type II pneumocytes also occurs in mesothelial cells.

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Keene, Douglas R. "The Connective Tissue Matrix of Cartilage as Revealed by Standard Fixation, Ruthenium Staining, High-Pressure Freezing, and Embedding in Water Soluble Media: A Comparison of Methods." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 2 (August 12, 1990): 326–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s042482010013523x.

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Proteoglycan is a major component of the cartilage extracellular matrix, and the overall structure of this anionic molecule is highly dependent on the hydrated environment of cartilage. Without specific stabilization, proteoglycans are extracted or collapsed during deydration while processing for electron microscopy. The purpose of these experiments is to determine a method by which the structure of proteoglycans might be stabilized for electron microscopic evaluation.Chick sternal cartilage was prepared for transmission electron microscopy by the following methods and the resultant tissue ultrastructure compared: A) 1.5/1.5% gluteraldehyde/paraformaldehyde and 1% OsO4 fixation, dehydration in ethanol, propylene oxide, and embedding in Spurrs epoxy B) Fixation as in (A) directly followed by infiltration and embedding in Hexamethylol-melamine-methyl-ether (a water soluble embedding medium) trade name “nanoplast” C) Fixation by high pressure freezing followed by freeze substitution in acetone/OsO4 prior to embedding in epon 812. In variations of methods A and B above, ruthenium red (RR, 1500 ppm) or ruthenium hexamine trichloride (RHT, 6000 ppm) were added to the primary and secondary fixatives. All tissue sections were stained in uranyl acetate and lead citrate.

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Murshed, Mohammad, and Saima Kamar. "Organisms in Operative site in an urban hospital of Dhaka city: An urgent need to develop an infection control program in Bangladesh." Bangladesh Journal of Medical Microbiology 7, no. 1 (January 1, 2013): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i1.19317.

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The study was carried out from July 2008 to June 2009 to evaluate the presence of organisms in operative and post operative room in an urban hospital of Dhaka city. Environmental samples were collected from different sources of surrounding of patient in operative and post operative room. A total of 120 samples were collected from the floor, bed sheets, OT instruments, dressing materials, nasogastric and endotracheal tube, catheters, etc. The most predominant isolated organism was E. coli (40%) followed by S. aureus (24%). Microbial isolates were obtained from the hands of hospital staffs and attendance in the same hospital and the percentage of prevalence of E. coli was more in the hands of attendances (60%) than hospital staffs (40%) ; but the presence of S. aureus and Pseudomonas sp. were less in attendances hands than hospital staffs hands. The other organisms that were present in hands of hospital staffs and attendances were Proteus sp, S.epidermidis, and Klebsiella sp. An effective infection control practices like hand washing and the use of hypochlorite solution, gluteraldehyde and sanitation with 70% ethyl alcohol was found to be very effective in reduction of microbial contaminates in operative and post operative room.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v7i1.19317 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2013; 07(01): 20-24

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Takahashi, Eri, Jérôme Ledauphin, Didier Goux, and Francis Orvain. "Optimising extraction of extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from benthic diatoms: comparison of the efficiency of six EPS extraction methods." Marine and Freshwater Research 60, no. 12 (2009): 1201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/mf08258.

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There is no universal method that can be applied to extract bound extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) from benthic diatoms of intertidal sediments without causing cell lysis. Six extraction methods were tested on a diatom culture of Navicula jeffreyi to establish the best compromise between high yields of carbohydrate extraction and minimum cell lysis. Extraction with distilled water provoked cell lysis (as already known). The five other extraction methods (dowex resin, artificial seawater of half salinity and extractions after pretreatment with gluteraldehyde by three methods: water, dowex water and dowex buffer) did not provoke cell lysis as shown by transmission electronic microscopy. This result was confirmed by the minimum release of internal compounds (protein, ATP) and by the low proportions of glucose in dowex-extracted EPS compared with the water-extracted EPS, from which the high glucose content must be inferred as contamination by the chrysolaminaran. The extraction with dowex resin resulted in the second-highest concentration of carbohydrate after the water extraction and the EPS were especially rich in deoxy sugars, hence increasing the hydrophobic feature of these substances. For these reasons, we recommend extraction with dowex, which is also the best method for extracting bound EPS from other biofilms such as in activated sludges.

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SABIR, MUHAMMAD, ASIF JALIL, and ASLAM QAMAR. "HYPOGLOSSAL NERVE;." Professional Medical Journal 15, no. 02 (March 10, 2008): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2008.15.02.2763.

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Objective: To study the neurons contributing sensory fibers to thehypoglossal nerve. Setting: Basic Medical Sciences Institute, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi. Period:From 1992 to 1995. Study Design: Experimental animal study. Material & Methods: Under general anaesthesia therequired hypoglossal nerves of twenty four albino rats were exposed and cut in the neck. Horse radish Peroxidase(HRP) crystals were applied to the central cut ends of the nerves and allowed to travel for about 48 hours. Aftertranscardial fixation with 1.25% gluteraldehyde and 1% paraformaldehyde solution, serial sections of upper cervicalDorsal Root Ganglia (DRG) were made on a freezing microtome, treated with Tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) andcounterstained by 1% neutral red. The number, size and segmental distribution of HRP labeled neurons were observedwith the help of light microscope. Results and Observations: In most of the animals, the HRP labeled sensory neuronsforming the right and the left hypoglossal nerves and their branches were localized ipsilaterally in (Cervical) C1 DRG(more than 90%) whereas in remaining cases labeled sensory neurons were observed in C2 DRG. Size spectrum forsensory neurons of the hypoglossal nerve and its branches ranged from 9 to 52:m, but more than 75% were less than40 microns.Conclusion: Neurons of DRG of C1&2 contribute sensory fibers to the hypoglossal nerve of the same side.

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Guha, T., A. Sen, and R. L. Brahmachary. "Squid Gill - a System for Studying Biorhythms." Microscopy and Microanalysis 3, S2 (August 1997): 125–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600007510.

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It is well known that cephalopods ( octopus, squid, cuttle fish etc. ) have various pulsatile systems in their bodies. We have now used the gills of Loliolus investigatoris and Loligo dauvauceli, two small squids found in the Bay of Bengal, as a system for studying such autonomous pulsations. The gills excised out of squids cast on the beach from fishing nets can be maintained in pasteurised sea water for 3 4 or 5 days in petri dish where they continue to execute the rhythmic movements.The gill samples were fixed in 2% Gluteraldehyde in 0.1M Phosphate buffer (pH 7.4).for 48 hours, then washed with filtered pasteurised sea water, followed by washing in distilled water, dehydration in acetone and critical point drying in liquid CO2 and coating with gold.Fig. 1.depicts an ablated gill which executes an oscillatory motion as a whole; more importantly, the individual finger like projections shown in fig. 2, exhibit rhythmic lateral movements and the blood-vessels, as a result of constrictions and dilation, seem to “tick” like a clock in rapid succession. Periodicity of the gill swinging as a whole is about one swing per 7-8 seconds, for the sidewise swing it varied from 35 to 70 seconds in one gill, 11-39 in another while the “ticking” is about once a second. This last one is, however, lost after a few hours.

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Dekker, Nusi P., Claudia J. Lammel, and Geo F. Brooks. "An improved technique for visualization of Neisseria gonorrhoeae pili by SEM." Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 48, no. 3 (August 12, 1990): 796–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100161540.

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Piliated Neisseria gonorrhoeae (gc) are virulent and attach to human cells more readily than nonpiliated gc . Pili have been difficult to visualize in the scanning electron microscope (SEM), appearing as thick, branched structures, possibly because of artifacts or distortion associated with critical point drying (CPD) . The use of hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS), as an alternative to CPD with bacterial or tissue culture cells, as reported here, improved preservation and visualization of pili and other delicate surface structures.The methods were: Human endometrial adenocarcinoma (HEC-l-B, ATCC HTB 113) cells were grown in cell culture medium containing fetal calf serum on round thermanox coverslips. Suspensions of piliated and nonpiliated strains of gc (FA1090, F62-SF, and g1412) at dilutions of about 2 × 107 cfu were added to the cells and allowed to attach. Unattached gc were rinsed off and replaced with fresh media after 30 min. After 1 or 8h incubation, the cells were fixed in 2.5% gluteraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer for 4h; rinsed well in the buffer; post-fixed in 1% OsO4 in cacodylate buffer for lh; rinsed 3 × 10 min in buffer and 2 × 5 min in water; placed in 1% tannic acid in water for 30 min; rinsed 3 × 10 min in water; placed in 2% uranyl acetate for lh; rinsed 3 × 10 min in water; dehydrated in graded ethanols (50%, 70%, 95%, 2 × 5 min each; 100% 4 × 5 min; 100% 10 min); placed in HMDS for 10 min.

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