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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Graphe de Farey"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 11 січня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Graphe de Farey"

Calero-Sanz, Jorge. "On the Degree Distribution of Haros Graphs." Mathematics 11, no. 1 (December 26, 2022): 92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/math11010092.

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Haros graphs are a graph-theoretical representation of real numbers in the unit interval. The degree distribution of the Haros graphs provides information regarding the topological structure and the associated real number. This article provides a comprehensive demonstration of a conjecture concerning the analytical formulation of the degree distribution. Specifically, a theorem outlines the relationship between Haros graphs, the corresponding continued fraction of its associated real number, and the subsequent symbolic paths in the Farey binary tree. Moreover, an expression that is continuous and piecewise linear in subintervals defined by Farey fractions can be derived from an additional conclusion for the degree distribution of Haros graphs.

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Gnanam, A., and C. Dinesh. "Farey Triangle Graphs and Farey Triangle Matrices." Advances in Pure Mathematics 05, no. 12 (2015): 738–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/apm.2015.512067.

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Taylor, Samuel J., and Alexander Zupan. "Products of Farey graphs are totally geodesic in the pants graph." Journal of Topology and Analysis 08, no. 02 (March 15, 2016): 287–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793525316500096.

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We show that for a surface [Formula: see text], the subgraph of the pants graph determined by fixing a collection of curves that cut [Formula: see text] into pairs of pants, once-punctured tori, and four-times-punctured spheres is totally geodesic. The main theorem resolves a special case of a conjecture made in [2] and has the implication that an embedded product of Farey graphs in any pants graph is totally geodesic. In addition, we show that a pants graph contains a convex [Formula: see text]-flat if and only if it contains an [Formula: see text]-quasi-flat.

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Jiang, Wenchao, Yinhu Zhai, Zhigang Zhuang, Paul Martin, Zhiming Zhao, and Jia-Bao Liu. "Vertex Labeling and Routing for Farey-Type Symmetrically-Structured Graphs." Symmetry 10, no. 9 (September 17, 2018): 407. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym10090407.

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The generalization of Farey graphs and extended Farey graphs all originate from Farey graphs. They are simultaneously scale-free and small-world. A labeling of the vertices for them are proposed here. All of the shortest paths between any two vertices in these two graphs can be determined only on their labels. The number of shortest paths between any two vertices is the product of two Fibonacci numbers; it is increasing almost linearly with the order or size of the graphs. However, the label-based routing algorithm runs in logarithmic time O(logn). Our efficient routing protocol for Farey-type models should help contribute toward the understanding of several physical dynamic processes.

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Gaster, Jonah, Miguel Lopez, Emily Rexer, Zoë Riell, and Yang Xiao. "Combinatorics of $k$-Farey graphs." Rocky Mountain Journal of Mathematics 50, no. 1 (February 2020): 135–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1216/rmj.2020.50.135.

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Wang, Yucheng, Qi Bao, and Zhongzhi Zhang. "Combinatorial properties of Farey graphs." Theoretical Computer Science 796 (December 2019): 70–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2019.08.022.

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Kurkofka, Jan. "Ubiquity and the Farey graph." European Journal of Combinatorics 95 (June 2021): 103326. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejc.2021.103326.

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DEMİR, Bilal, and Mustafa KARATAŞ. "Farey graph and rational fixed points of the extended modular group." Communications Faculty Of Science University of Ankara Series A1Mathematics and Statistics 71, no. 4 (December 30, 2022): 1029–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.31801/cfsuasmas.1089480.

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Fixed points of matrices have many applications in various areas of science and mathematics. Extended modular group ¯¯¯¯ΓΓ¯ is the group of 2×22×2 matrices with integer entries and determinant ±1±1. There are strong connections between extended modular group, continued fractions and Farey graph. Farey graph is a graph with vertex set ^Q=Q∪{∞}Q^=Q∪{∞}. In this study, we consider the elements in ¯¯¯¯ΓΓ¯ that fix rationals. For a given rational number, we use its Farey neighbours to obtain the matrix representation of the element in $\overline{\Gamma}$ that fixes the given rational. Then we express such elements as words in terms of generators using the relations between the Farey graph and continued fractions. Finally we give the new block reduced form of these words which all blocks have Fibonacci numbers entries.

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Zhang, Zhongzhi, and Francesc Comellas. "Farey graphs as models for complex networks." Theoretical Computer Science 412, no. 8-10 (March 2011): 865–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.tcs.2010.11.036.

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单, 美玲. "Chromatic Polynomials and Flow Polynomials of Farey Graphs and Their Dual Graphs." Operations Research and Fuzziology 08, no. 04 (2018): 145–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12677/orf.2018.84018.

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Дисертації з теми "Graphe de Farey"

Leclere, Ludivine. "q-analogues des nombres réels et des matrices unimodulaires : aspects algébriques, combinatoires et analytiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Reims, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024REIMS019.

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Ce travail est consacré à l'étude des q-analogues de nombre réels. La q-déformation d'un nombre rationnel utilisée est une fraction rationnelle à coefficients entiers qui a été introduite par Sophie Morier-Genoud et Valentin Ovsienko en 2019. Il s'agit dans un premier temps de préciser les propriétés algébriques et de donner des interprétations combinatoires des q-rationnels. On manipule les différentes notions liées aux nombres rationnels: les fractions continues, les matrices de PSL(2,Z), les continuants d'Euler, les triangulations de polygones et le graphe de Farey, et leurs versions q-déformées. Les traces des q-matrices de PSL(2,Z) obtenues sont étudiées et interprétées dans le modèle combinatoire de triangulations d'anneaux. Dans un second temps, nous nous intéressons à la q-déformation des nombres irrationnels et plus particulièrement des irrationnels quadratiques. Nous obtenons une formule explicite permettant d'écrire les q-irrationnels quadratiques. On s'intéresse aux rayons de convergence des séries de Laurent obtenues à partir des q-déformations des nombres réels. Enfin, nous introduisons un second paramètre pour obtenir des (q,t)-déformations de nombres. Ces dernières sont étudiées sous un aspect combinatoire pour affiner les interprétations dans les modèles déjà présentes mais également dans les graphes en serpents
This work is devoted to the study of q-analogs of real numbers. The q-deformation of a rational number that we use is a rational funtion with integer coefficientswhich was introduced by Sophie Morier-Genoud and Valentin Ovsienko in 2019. The first step is to elaborate algebraic properties and to give combinatorial interpretations of the q-rationals. We use different notions linked to rational numbers: continued fractions, PSL(2,Z) matrices, Euler continuants, polygon's triangulations and the Farey graph, and their q-deformed versions.The traces of the q-matrices of PSL(2,Z) that we obtained are studied and interpreted in the combinatorial model of triangulation of annulus. In a second stage, we focus on the q-deformations of irrational real numbers, and more precisely on quadratic irrational real numbers. We obtain an explicit formula to describe q-deformed quadratic irrationals. We give estimate for the radii of convergence of the Laurent series obtained from the q-deformations of real numbers. Finally, we introduce a second parameter to obtain (q, t)-deformations of the rationals. The latter is studied in its combinatorial aspect, in the models already described but also in terms of snake graphs

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Collyer, Thomas P. A. "On generalised Farey graphs and applications to the curve complex." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2012. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/56823/.

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In the first part of the thesis, we introduce a family of simplicial complexes called tree complexes, which generalise the well-known Farey graph. We study numerous aspects of tree complexes. Firstly we show for a given dimension n, the tree complex K(n) is simplicially rigid. We then study the geodesics between a pair of given vertices x and y, giving a bound in terms of the distance between the vertices, and showing that there always exist a pair of vertices at a given distance which attains this bound. When n = 2, this bound is the ith Fibonacci number, where i is the distance between the two vertices. We next study the automorphism group of a tree complex, showing that it splits as a semi-direct product. Finally we study the coarse geometry of a tree complex, showing in particular that for n > 2 each tree complex is quasi-isometric to the simplicial tree T [infinity]. In the second part of the thesis, we study the curve complex of the five-holed sphere, C(S0,5), via subsurface projections to the four-holed sphere. We show that geodesically embedded pentagons, hexagons and heptagons are unique, up to the action of the mapping class group. We conjecture firstly that there are no larger geodesically embedded cycles in C(S0,5), and secondly that these methods might be used in a greatly simplified proof of the hyperbolicity of C(S0,5).

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Kushwaha, Seema. "Study of continued fractions arising from subgraphs of the farey graph." Thesis, IIT Delhi, 2017. http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/12345678/7240.

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Kurkofka, Jan Verfasser], and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] [Diestel. "Ends and tangles, stars and combs, minors and the Farey graph / Jan Kurkofka ; Betreuer: Reinhard Diestel." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-106601.

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Kurkofka, Jan [Verfasser], and Reinhard [Akademischer Betreuer] Diestel. "Ends and tangles, stars and combs, minors and the Farey graph / Jan Kurkofka ; Betreuer: Reinhard Diestel." Hamburg : Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Hamburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1216998116/34.

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Terrell-Curtis, Kara Beth. "Representative form and the visual ideograph : the Obama "Hope" poster." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1805/3884.

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Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis (IUPUI)
In this study, Janis Edwards and Carol Winkler’s method, based on Michael McGee’s ideograph, is applied to non-discursive forms in order to understand the extent to which these images can be understood as a representative form functioning ideographically. Artifacts for analysis include the 2008 Shepard Fairey Obama “PROGRESS” and “HOPE” images, related campaign graphics, and parodies, political and non-political, humorous and serious. Literature on visual rhetoric, the ideograph, and extensions of McGee’s ideograph to visual forms was reviewed. When the method was applied to the artifacts, the Obama “HOPE” image was found to be an example of a representative form. Additionally, the representative form was demonstrated to function ideographically in the parodied examples analyzed in this thesis. Opportunities for further study on the visual ideograph and additional artifacts were proposed.

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Книги з теми "Graphe de Farey"

Dolfi, Anna, ed. Biblioteche reali, biblioteche immaginarie. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-865-1.

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In uno degli scritti teorici di Calvino troviamo la suggestiva e borgesiana proposta della biblioteca non solo come raccolta di opere, ma come sistema incrociato di combinazioni. La stessa letteratura altro non sarebbe che una biblioteca continuamente soggetta a mutamenti tesi a scalzare gli autori canonici per fare emergere gli apocrifi . Giacché, se la letteratura nasce e si nutre di desiderio, non può accontentarsi del dato, ma proiettarsi nel luogo di quello che non c’è, o che, se anche c’è, è nascosto, ancora invisibile e lontano. Le biblioteche allora non solo sono infinite, ma cambiano il senso di un libro a seconda della sezione in cui lo dispongono, della collocazione, delle modalità di consultazione e utilizzo, del modo di giocare gli spazi, di aprire/chiudere alla luce, all’ombra (in grattacieli, in sotterranei), facendo della biblioteca un luogo dove libri e lettori interagiscono in spazi talvolta mitici. Raccolta come sono, le biblioteche, per interposto racconto, non solo dei libri sopravvissuti alle catastrofi della storia, ma di quelli bruciati, perduti, inventati, che, per il solo fatto di essere stati almeno una volta scritti o pensati, hanno lasciato traccia. In questo libro, di grande ricchezza e suggestione, ideato e curato da Anna Dolfi , si riflette, con esemplificazioni dalla grande letteratura moderna, sul rapporto tra ombre di carta e di celluloide, tra inconturnables e marginalia, alla ricerca dei libri dentro le biblioteche e delle biblioteche dentro i libri. Sullo sfondo la musica, la geniale recitazione di Carmelo Bene, le strisce dei graphic, i progetti architettonici, gli schermi dei computer, e le pagine di un romanzo incompiuto di Giuseppe Dessí che parla di una biblioteca murata e di una cascata di libri all’origine di un immaginario romanzesco.

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Cambi, Franco, Paolo Federighi, and Alessandro Mariani, eds. La pedagogia critica e laica a Firenze: 1950-2015. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-840-8.

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Il volume si occupa dell’attualità del messaggio pedagogico della ‘scuola fiorentina’ creatasi intorno al magistero di Codignola e di Borghi e intorno alla rivista Scuola e Città già nel 1950, ispirato a una pedagogia critico-razionale, laica e progressista, con al centro la lectio deweyana, quasi sessantacinque anni dopo. In un tempo storico-culturale e socio economico-politico così profondamente diverso da quello post-bellico degli anni Cinquanta, un tempo che vede democrazia, laicità e progresso posti sub judice e che viene a delineare orizzonti del tutto nuovi (nel conoscere, nel comunicare, nel produrre, nel fare-cultura etc.), siamo davanti a un modello cresciuto e sfumatosi nel corso di vari decenni, ma che oggi è ancora di grande rilevanza ed attualità.

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National Association of Secondary School Principals (U.S.), ed. How fares the ninth grade?: A day in the life of a 9th grader. Reston, Va: National Association of Secondary School Principals, 1985.

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National Association of Secondary School Principals (U.S.). How fares the ninth grade?: A day in the life of a 9th grader. Reston, Va: National Association of Secondary School Principals, 1985.

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Twiss, Peter. Faster than the sun. London: Grub Street, 2005.

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Ammannati, Francesco, ed. Assistenza e solidarietà in Europa Secc. XIII-XVIII / Social assistance and solidarity in Europe from the 13th to the 18th Centuries. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-367-0.

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Il periodo compreso fra Medioevo ed Età Moderna registra una significativa evoluzione del welfare, attraverso il consolidamento e la specializzazione di istituzioni nate o trasformatesi con la precisa funzione di fare attività di solidarietà e assistenza. È attorno a queste istituzioni che si sono concentrate le ricerche raccolte in questo volume, con l’obiettivo di delinearne la nascita e l’evoluzione, ma anche le fonti di finanziamento e autofinanziamento, le strategie e le modalità di acquisizione delle risorse, la gestione e la evoluzione dei patrimoni, l’organizzazione funzionale e i costi interni di sostegno ai bisognosi e di gestione del personale. Quelle istituzioni giocarono spesso un ruolo significativo nel territorio in cui operavano e numerosi contributi si soffermano sugli effetti economici e sociali prodotti dalla loro azione, non solo in termini di redistribuzione del reddito e mantenimento della pace sociale, ma anche in relazione all’eventuale rapporto con la realtà produttiva, grazie all’immissione sul mercato di prodotti e servizi svolti dagli assistititi o dal personale dell’istituzione. Un’ultima sezione è infine dedicata alle reti di assistenza non formali (solidarietà e forme di credito in seno alle famiglie, ai gruppi di indigenti, alle comunità), attraverso le quali gli individui, le comunità e l’intera società, in assenza o carenza di strutture formalizzate, tentarono di proteggersi dai rischi legati all’indigenza e alla incapacità fisica.

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Comics, Z2, and Chris Farley. Chris Farley. Z2 Comics, 2023.

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Growing up Farley a Chris Farley Story Deluxe Edition. Z2 Comics, 2024.

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Stine, Scott Aaron. Trashfiend: Disposable Horror Fare of the 1960s And 1970s. Critical Vision, 2007.

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Obey: Supply & demand : the art of Shepard Fairey. 2nd ed. Berkeley, Calif: Gingko Press, 2009.

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Частини книг з теми "Graphe de Farey"

Short, Ian, and Mairi Walker. "Even-Integer Continued Fractions and the Farey Tree." In Symmetries in Graphs, Maps, and Polytopes, 287–300. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-30451-9_15.

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Margalit, Dan. "Groups Acting on Trees." In Office Hours with a Geometric Group Theorist. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691158662.003.0003.

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This chapter considers groups acting on trees. It examines which groups act on which spaces and, if a group does act on a space, what it says about the group. These spaces are called trees—that is, connected graphs without cycles. A group action on a tree is free if no nontrivial element of the group preserves any vertex or any edge of the tree. The chapter first presents the theorem stating that: If a group G acts freely on a tree, then G is a free group. The condition that G is free is equivalent to the condition that G acts freely on a tree. The discussion then turns to the Farey tree and shows how to construct the Farey complex using the Farey graph. The chapter concludes by describing free and non-free actions on trees. Exercises and research projects are included.

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"Fare You Well." In Symmetry in Graphs, 468–73. Cambridge University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108553995.015.

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Jones, G. A., D. Singerman, and K. Wicks. "The modular group and generalized Farey graphs." In Groups St Andrews 1989, 316–38. Cambridge University Press, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511661846.006.

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Whittaker, Jason. "Romantic Caricatures and Comics." In The Edinburgh Companion to Romanticism and the Arts, 471–85. Edinburgh University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474484176.003.0026.

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This chapter begins by examining the role played by caricaturists such as James Gillray and Thomas Rowlandson, and drawing upon the work of art historians such as Richard Godfrey, Mark Hallett and Todd Porterfield to contextualise such productions as part of the mass media of print culture in the 1790s and early nineteenth century. Particular attention is given to those caricatures of contemporary Romantic figures, such as Cruikshank’s cartoon “Fare Thee Well”, depicting Lord Byron leaving Britain. The second part of this chapter focuses on post-war reception of the Romantics in longer comic books. An important focus is William Blake, not simply because his graphic works have lent themselves more easily to adaptations in comic books, but also because this allows for a brief theoretical discussion of the distinctions between the kind of composite art that Blake was practising to the sequential art of modern-day comics and graphic novels. Artists considered include figures such as Alan Moore, Grant Morrison and Neil Gaiman for depictions of Blake, but also Hunt Emerson and Moore’s Watchmen for their adaptations of The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Graphe de Farey"

Xiao, Yuzhi, and Haixing Zhao. "Counting the number of spanning trees of generalization Farey graph." In 2013 9th International Conference on Natural Computation (ICNC). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icnc.2013.6818271.

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de Fraysseix, Hubert, János Pach, and Richard Pollack. "Small sets supporting fary embeddings of planar graphs." In the twentieth annual ACM symposium. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/62212.62254.

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Chase, Maya, Kevin McCallen, Jackie Martin, and Charles Kim. "Generating Interest for Engineering in Early Childhood Education Through a Book About Dissection." In ASME 2011 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2011-48446.

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In today’s world, it is critical to continually improve and develop new educational practices. Compared to developed and developing countries around the world, especially in science, mathematics, and engineering, the United States is falling behind. One of the most prominent reasons is the lack of interest in these subjects. In order to reverse this trend, it is important to develop new ways to creatively spark interest in engineering and natural sciences early on in a student’s educational career. The scope of this project was to develop a children’s book that introduced mechanical dissections. Along with the book, an in class presentation was developed for early elementary students in Kindergarten and 1st grade, with the goal of inspiring interest in engineering as a whole. This presentation was then used in local elementary school classrooms to gauge how such a program would fare in a typical elementary level classroom. Overall the project produced successful results. Not only were the students intrigued and excited to see the presentation, but they also learned more of the information than was originally expected. Through different media, the students were able to explore and question how and why a household appliance worked. This interaction with engineering concepts at a young age could prove to be very beneficial in the future.

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Ferrighi, Alessandra. "Citta', spazio e tempo: l’applicazione di un HGIS per la storia urbana." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7920.

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La città è frutto dell'opera dell'uomo. Attraverso processi di lunga durata l’uomo ha costruito la forma della città adattando lo spazio circostante e modificando l’ambiente. Indagando tali processi, la storia delle città può essere narrata attraverso la ricerca e lo studio delle fonti, le interpretazioni e le analisi delle stesse. I luoghi o gli eventi legati alla città sono caratterizzati dai due concetti di Spazio e Tempo. Ogni città è stata creata in un determinato spazio e in un determinato tempo; ogni evento si è svolto in momento preciso e in un luogo specifico. I personaggi della storia sono vissuti in un intervallo temporale, hanno contribuito a segnare quel momento con azioni che sono riconoscibili come tracce nella storia. Siano essi personaggi illustri, che uomini del fare. Questa ricerca è nata dall'idea di trovare altri e diversi modi di comunicare, grazie alle nuove tecnologie, le trasformazioni, le stratificazioni e i cambiamenti delle città legati agli eventi naturali, alle decisioni politiche e amministrative avvenute nel corso della storia delle città stesse. Quando si narra la storia della città si fa riferimento, anche se non espressamente, alle due tematiche di Spazio e Tempo perché, come detto, le azioni si svolgono in momenti e luoghi definititi o circoscrivibili. L'HGIS (Historical GIS) se applicato alla storia urbana consente di mettere in relazione Spazio e Tempo nella lettura delle trasformazioni della città e del territorio circostante.

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Decandia, Lidia. "Rimettere in moto e lavorare il tempo per prendersi cura dei territori contemporanei." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7976.

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Il saggio intende problematizzare e argomentare l’idea che le sopravvivenze del passato presenti nei territori contemporanei non debbano essere trattate come immagini e simulacri di un tempo che non è più, ma piuttosto come dei sintomi, dei segnali, degli inciampi di tempo che possono aiutarci a comprendere e ad avere cura del nostro presente. Un presente che non è una terra desolata e priva di qualità, ma piuttosto un mare che contiene abissi, grovigli vortici in cui si mescolano diverse temporalità. In questo senso il passato, contenuto nel territorio, può essere inteso come una sorta di grande inconscio con cui fare i conti per avviare un lavoro di smontaggio, attraverso cui sciogliere quei grovigli che bloccano il nostro presente, ma anche come un lavoro di scavo che potrebbe aiutarci a portare alla luce perle inabissate, liberare energie sepolte, profezie di futuro dimenticate che potrebbero contribuire a ripensare il nostro presente. E' partendo da questo presupposto che si vuole introdurre il tema della cura. L’idea attorno a cui si intende lavorare è quella di esplorare questo concetto partendo dal presupposto che sia proprio attraverso questo lavoro complesso di erosione e di scavo in profondità che occorra ripartire per stabilire relazioni profonde e significanti con il territorio. Un territorio che non può più essere inteso come una superficie a cui sovrapporre qualsiasi contenuto, ma piuttosto semmai come un “campo di energie” che contiene placente d’ombra, latenze, memorie che entrano in collisione col presente.

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Cruz de Freitas, Michael A. "POLÍTICA TARIFÁRIA E SUSTENTABILIDADE DO TRANSPORTE PÚBLICO COLETIVO DE CURITIBA/PR." In Seminario Internacional de Investigación en Urbanismo. Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Grup de Recerca en Urbanisme, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/siiu.12203.

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This work discusses the concept of sustainability in the public transport system. Specifically, it seeks to discuss how the concept fits into the public transport fare policy. The working hypothesis is that the tariff policy is not an instrument of sustainable urban development, as the costs of the system are mostly covered by users. The methodological procedures are based on a bibliographic review of the concepts, explaining their dimensions and pointing out the absences and presences in the research object (Integrated Transport Network). As provisional conclusions of the research, it is advanced that sustainability is presented only as specific actions, such as the introduction of vehicles with sustainable technologies and the use of biodiesel, which represent an important step towards sustainable urban mobility; however, the social and economic dimensions are not fully addressed. Keywords: sustainability, sustainable urban mobilty, Curitiba’s public transport, sustainable urban development Discute o conceito de sustentabilidade no sistema de transporte público. Especificamente, discute como o conceito se insere na política tarifária do transporte público coletivo. A hipótese de trabalho é que a política tarifária não é um instrumento de desenvolvimento urbano sustentável, pois os custos do sistema são cobertos em sua grande maioria pelos usuários. Os procedimentos metodológicos se baseiam em revisão bibliográfica dos conceitos, explicitando suas dimensões e apontando as ausências e presenças no objeto de pesquisa (Rede Integrada de Transporte). Como conclusões provisórias da pesquisa, adianta-se que a sustentabilidade apresenta-se através de ações pontuais, como a introdução de veículos com tecnologias sustentáveis e o uso de biodiesel, que representam um passo importante para mobilidade urbana sustentável; entretanto, as dimensões sociais e econômicas não são contempladas em sua plenitude. Palavras-chave: sustentabilidade, mobilidade urbana sustentável, transporte público de Curitiba, desenvolvimento urbano sustentável.

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Aragona, Stefano. "Ecological city between future and memory: a great opportunity to rethink the world." In International Conference Virtual City and Territory. Roma: Centre de Política de Sòl i Valoracions, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7932.

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L’attuale momento di crisi sociale, ambientale e spaziale può essere una svolta - uno dei significati della parola greca originaria κρίσις - del modello di sviluppo basato sul paradigma industriale (Khun, 1962) i cui limiti erano ipotizzati nell’omonimo The Limits of Growth commissionato dal Club di Roma ad alcuni ricercatori del MIT di Boston (USA) edito nel 1972. Il presente scritto suggerisce di sostituire al modello industrialista del “fare la città” - indifferente alle condizioni locali grazie alla supremazia data alle “soluzioni” tecnologiche (Del Nord,1991) - l’approccio ecologico che parte dalle condizioni locali quali indicazioni di piano/progetto/realizzazione per la trasformazione dell’anthropocosmo, cioè del rapporto tra contenitori, reti e comportamenti, ovvero del λόγος, discorso, studio, con l’οίκος, ambiente (www.ekistics.org) con le finalità di Smart City cioè costruire Comunità inclusive, sostenibili socialmente e materialmente avendo il risparmio di consumo di suolo come presupposto della sostenibilità. Ciò significa per i paesi ormai più che emergenti - BRIC e tutti gli altri in forte crescita economica - evitare gli errori compiuti dalle nazioni, usualmente chiamate Occidentali, di devastazione del territorio oltre che in termini di danni sociali. Mentre per quest’ultime l’attenzione va posta al tema della riqualificazione dell’esistente sotto il profilo funzionale, spaziale, ambientale e sociale. Per entrambe si pone la questione centrale del rapporto con la storia, i segni di essa sul territorio, cioè la memoria quale essenziale componente del senso delle cose. The current social, environmental and territorial crisis, can be a turning point - one among the meanings of the originary Greek word κρίσις - of the development model based on the industrial paradigm (Kuhn, 1962) whose limits were declared in the homonymous The Limits of Growth commissioned by the Club of Rome at Boston MIT researchers (Meadows and al.) and published in 1972. This paper suggests to replace the industrial model of “making the city” - indifferent to local conditions thanks to the supremacy given to the technological “solutions” (Del Nord, 1991) - with the ecological approach that starts from the local conditions such as indications of plan/project/construction for the transformation of the anthropocosmo, i.e. the relationship connecting shells, networks and behaviours. That is to relate the λόγος, discourse, analyses, with the οίκος, the environment (www.ekistics.org): finally the purpose of Smart City. It requires to build inclusive Communities, socially and materially sustainable, having the saving of land use as precondition. This should mean for most countries now more then emerging - BRIC and everyone else in the strong economic growth - try to avoid the mistakes made by the nations, usually known as Western ones: i.e. devastation of the territory, social harms, and attention to the spatial redevelopment, and to the functional and social ones. For both there is the central question of the relationship with history, the signs of it, ie the memory as essential component of the meaning of things.

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Звіти організацій з теми "Graphe de Farey"

Novicoff, Sarah, Sean F. Reardon, and Rucker C. Johnson. California’s English learners and their long-term learning outcomes. Learning Policy Institute, July 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54300/636.224.

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As a first step, we provide a descriptive analysis of trends in key outcomes across successive cohorts of California ELs. This work is descriptive and is not meant to identify the specific impacts of any individual policies, but rather is intended to help policymakers understand generally how ELs fared between fall 2006 and spring 2019. Using population student-level longitudinal data obtained from the California Department of Education, we track outcomes for 12 successive cohorts of students who entered as ELs from kindergarten through their entire trajectory in California schools over 13 school years from 2006–07 to 2018–19. We follow our first cohort through their potential graduation year from high school and can follow eight cohorts through the end of elementary school (Grade 5). We describe demographic changes, trends in academic outcomes, trends in timing to English proficiency, and timing to reclassification to shine a light on the backgrounds and academic trajectories of these students.

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