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Статті в журналах з теми "Hare-wallaby"
1
Agar, NS, and IR Godwin. "Red-Cell Metabolism in the Brown Antechinus, the Bilby and the Rufous Hare-Wallaby." Australian Journal of Zoology 39, no. 6 (1991): 681. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo9910681.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Standard haematological parameters measured in the bilby (Macrotis lagotis) and the rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus) were not markedly different. Both species had very high levels of red blood cell 2,3-diphosphoglycerate, whilst the levels of adenosine triphosphate were within the range of most marsupials and mammals. The activities of red-cell enzymes were measured in these two species as well as in the brown antechinus (Antechinus stuartii). Some significant findings were (i) very high levels of hexokinase, glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase in the antechinus and (ii) very high levels of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and glutathione peroxidase in the rufous hare-wallaby. The glycolytic rate, measured as the amount of lactate produced by the red cells incubated with eight different substrates, was found to be generally higher in the antechinus than in the other two species. The maximum rate of glycolysis was observed with mannose whilst galactose was a poor substrate in all three species.
2
Lundie-Jenkins, G., LK Corbett, and CM Phillips. "Ecology of the rufous hare-wallaby, Lagorchestes hirsutus Gould (Marsupialia : Macropodidae) in the Tanami Desert, Northern Territory. III Interactions with introduced mammal species." Wildlife Research 20, no. 4 (1993): 495. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9930495.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This paper reports a study of the interactions between a remnant population of the rufous hare-wallaby, Lagorchestes hirsutus, and populations of several introduced mammal species in a region of the Tanami Desert. Transect counts of faecal pellets and tracks were used to determine the local distributions of all species and analysis of faeces from both predators and competitors of hare-wallabies was undertaken. Six species of introduced mammals were recorded within the study area: dingoes, rabbits, camels, foxes, feral cats and cattle. The local distributions for a number of these species were found to be significantly correlated with that of L. hirsutus during some seasons. Analysis of dingo scats collected from fire trails within the study area identified a total of 12 different food classes including harewallabies which occurred in 6.9% of the scats. Foxes and feral cats appear to be more important predators as demonstrated by their impacts on natural and reintroduced populations of hare-wallabies. Comparison of the diets of the rabbit and L. hirsutus identified significant overlap in utilised plant species, particularly during drier times. Competition between rabbits and L. hirsutus seems probable, given the overlap of their diets and their similar body sizes and metabolic requirements. Cattle and camels are potentially as important at densities above present levels. The complex web of interactions between L. hirsutus and these introduced species have important implications for management of remnant and reintroduced hare-wallaby populations.
3
Eldridge, Mark D. B., Linda E. Neaves, and Peter B. S. Spencer. "Genetic analysis of three remnant populations of the rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus) in arid Australia." Australian Mammalogy 41, no. 1 (2019): 123. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am17008.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus) is now extinct in the wild on mainland Australia, but survives in captivity. However, endemic populations persist on Bernier and Dorre Islands, Western Australia. This study aimed to compare the genetic diversity and differentiation amongst three remaining rufous hare-wallaby populations using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) (cytochrome b, control region) sequence data and nuclear (microsatellite) markers. Levels of microsatellite diversity were low in both island populations but high in the captive mainland population. Levels of mtDNA diversity were low in all three populations. The mainland and island populations of L. hirsutus were found to be significantly differentiated for both microsatellite and mtDNA data, but the two island populations were significantly differentiated only for the microsatellite data. This pattern of differentiation is not consistent with the recognition of two separate island subspecies, but we recommend that the mainland and island populations be regarded as separate subspecies. The low diversity of the island populations and differentiation between island and mainland populations presents both challenges and opportunities for future management.
4
Lundie-Jenkins, G., CM Phillips, and PJ Jarman. "Ecology of the rufous hare-wallaby, Lagorchestes hirsutus Gould (Marsupialia : Macropodidae) in the Tanami Desert, Northern Territory.II Diet and feeding strategy." Wildlife Research 20, no. 4 (1993): 477. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9930477.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The diet preferences and selectivity of the rufous hare-wallaby in the Tanami Desert were examined at a number of sites and over a number of seasons by microscopic analysis of faecal pellets and direct observations. Perennial grasses were the most consistent plant items in the diet. Grass seeds were seasonally important as were the seeds and bulbs of sedges. Species of dicots were also used but most represented only minor components in the diet. Several species of plant common to the area were noticeably absent from the diet. Differences in the diets between four sites of varying floristic composition and fire history were consistent with differences in vegetation cover at each site. Overall, the absolute proportions and ratios of monocots and dicots and of leaf and seed portions were strongly similar for all sites, as were seasonal changes in the proportions of the four main plant categories (monocots, dicots, seeds and fruits). These changes correlated with local rainfall. Comparisons of plants eaten and plants available indicate the hare-wallabies' preference for monocots, particularly seed and fruit components. In contrast consumption of dicots was influericed by the declining quality of other preferred plants. Insects were seasonally important in the diet and appear to be a potentially important nitrogen supplement during drier times. The feeding strategy of the rufous hare-wallaby is flexible and enables it to exploit fully food resources whose availability is often limited in both time and space. During droughts it seems likely that the species is food stressed and this could lead to localised declines.
5
Ingleby, S. "Distribution and status of the spectacled hare-wallaby, Lagorchestes conspicillatus." Wildlife Research 18, no. 5 (1991): 501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9910501.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Past and present distributions of Lagorchestes conspicillatus were compared using data from museums, explorers' records and from recent field surveys. These data indicated that L. conspicillatus has declined in distribution and abundance during the last century. This species is now rare in the Pilbara and Kimberley regions of Western Australia. It is moderately common between latitudes 16� and 18�S in central and eastern Northern Territory, and its range extends north to around 12�S in Arnhem Land. However, the southern limits of its range in the Northern Territory have contracted northward by over 200 km and it is rarely recorded below 21�S. L. conspicillatus remains widespread in Queensland although its numbers in several areas appear to have declined in the last 10-15 years. The status of L. conspicillatus should be regarded as vulnerable. Most of its preferred habitats are currently under pastoral lease and at risk of alteration by introduced herbivores or clearing. Unfavourable fire regimes and feral animals may also pose a threat to its survival in some areas. Habitats suitable for L. conspicillatus are very poorly represented in National Parks throughout northern Australia and this situation should be rectified.
6
Havlin, Paige, Anthony Caravaggi, and W. Ian Montgomery. "The distribution and trophic ecology of an introduced, insular population of red-necked wallabies (Notamacropus rufogriseus)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 96, no. 4 (April 2018): 357–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2017-0090.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduced non-native mammals can have negative impacts on native biota and it is important that their ecologies are quantified so that potential impacts can be understood. Red-necked wallabies (Notamacropus rufogriseus (Desmarest, 1817)) became established on the Isle of Man (IOM), an island with UNESCO Biosphere status, following their escape from zoological collections in the mid-1900s. We estimated wallaby circadial activity and population densities using camera trap surveys and random encounter models. Their range in the IOM was derived from public sightings sourced via social media. Wallaby diet and niche breadth were quantified via microscopic examination of faecal material and compared with those of the European hare (Lepus europaeus Pallas, 1778). The mean (±SE) population density was 26.4 ± 6.9 wallabies/km2, the mean (±SE) population size was 1742 ± 455 individuals, and the species’ range was 282 km2, comprising 49% of the island. Wallaby diets were dominated by grasses, sedges, and rushes; niche breadth of wallabies and hares (0.55 and 0.59, respectively) and overlap (0.60) suggest some potential for interspecific competition and (or) synergistic impacts on rare or vulnerable plant species. The IOM wallaby population is understudied and additional research is required to further describe population parameters, potential impacts on species of conservation interest, and direct and indirect economic costs and benefits.
7
McLean, I. G., G. Lundie-Jenkins, P. J. Jarman, and L. E. Kean. "Copulation and associated behaviour in the rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus)." Australian Mammalogy 16, no. 1 (1993): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am93017.
Повний текст джерела
8
Helgen, Kristofer M., and Timothy F. Flannery. "Taxonomy and historical distribution of the wallaby genus Lagostrophus." Australian Journal of Zoology 51, no. 3 (2003): 199. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo02078.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The banded hare-wallaby (Lagostrophus fasciatus) is an endangered macropodid currently restricted to Bernier and Dorre Islands in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Historically, L. fasciatus was also recorded on the Australian mainland from far western Australia, where it became locally extinct early in the twentieth century. Here we discuss an overlooked museum specimen of L. fasciatus collected in the mid-nineteenth century near Adelaide, South Australia. This specimen considerably extends the known historical distribution of L. fasciatus, validates anecdotal reports of the species from South Australia made by early Australian naturalists, and forms the basis for our description of a new subspecies.
9
Lundie-Jenkins, G. "Ecology of the rufous hare-wallaby, Lagorchestes hirsutus Gould (Marsupialia : Macropodidae) in the Tanami Desert, Northern Territory.I Patterns of habitat use." Wildlife Research 20, no. 4 (1993): 457. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr9930457.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A 2-year study was conducted to investigate two aspects of the local distribution of the rufous harewallaby, Lagorchestes hirsutus, in a region of the Tanami Desert. These were: (a) patterns of habitat use in response to changing environmental conditions and (b) environmental parameters influencing 'local' choice of habitat. Counts of faecal pellets and tracks were used to obtain indices of hare-wallaby activity within occupied sites and to gain an insight into the movements by individuals. Local choice of habitat was analysed by assessment of numerous habitat features at occupied and unoccupied sites in the region. Previous surveys over the greater part of the study area provide evidence of a significant local decline and local contraction of range by L. hirsutus during recent times. Hare-wallabies showed seasonal trends in the relative use of different vegetation systems in response to the relative availability of food items within each habitat. The home ranges of hare-wallabies consisted of two distinct areas of activity: a large sparsely used area within the dense Triodia pungens vegetation and a small concentrated feeding area within the neighbouring caliche system. Hare-wallabies were dependent upon a specialised form of spinifex habitat. Patchiness, hummock size, food diversity and the degree of floral senescence affected suitability for hare-wallabies. Within the Tanami Desert site, suitable combinations of these characters were associated with tight mosaics of different regenerative stages after fire. Fire is therefore clearly implicated as an important force in creating a greater diversity of feeding and sheltering habitats for the hare-wallabies in the otherwise uniform spinifex sandplains. There is an obvious role for the application of controlled burns as a means of managing habitats to favour L. hirsutus in the Tanami Desert.
10
Blythman, M., C. Sims, and G. Eliot. "Wedgie Gold: Using metal detectors to recover PIT tags under areas used by wedge-tailed eagles and barn owls." Australian Mammalogy 40, no. 2 (2018): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am17021.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A metal detector was used to recover passive integrated transponder (PIT) tags from below wedge-tailed eagle and barn owl nests and roost trees. The effectiveness of four different metal detectors to locate PIT tags and Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme (ABBBS) bands were compared. Twenty PIT tags from 14 golden bandicoots, five burrowing bettongs and one rufous hare-wallaby were recovered from wedge-tailed eagle sites. One unreadable PIT tag was recovered from a barn owl site. This technique has potential for use in determining the survivorship of translocated threatened species.
Дисертації з теми "Hare-wallaby"
1
Hardman, Blair. "Reintroduction ecology of mala (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and merrnine (Lagostrophus fasciatus) at Shark Bay, Western Australia." Connect to this title online, 2006. http://portal.ecu.edu.au/adt-public/adt-ECU2007.0024.html.
Повний текст джерела
2
Stover, Rachyl-anne. "Description of the dietary breadth and overlap of the translocated Shark Bay rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus) and banded hare-wallaby (Lagostrophus fasciatus) using scat DNA." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2025. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2922.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Conservation translocations are increasingly used worldwide to prevent extinctions and support ecological restoration projects. These translocations involve a lot of uncertainty, particularly when species are introduced to ecosystems where they have not previously coexisted. Many historical translocations in Australia and globally have failed due to insufficient baseline data and inadequate post-translocation monitoring. Contemporary translocations can aim to improve translocation outcomes by increasing baseline data collection and developing robust post-release monitoring for translocated species. The development of environmental DNA (eDNA) techniques has facilitated the collection of information from environments with minimal disturbance to species. The advancement of such passive monitoring techniques has allowed for increased ability to monitor and study cryptic and rare species.
The Shark Bay rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus bernieri) and the banded hare-wallaby (Lagostrophus fasciatus) were introduced to Dirk Hartog Island (DHI) from founder populations on the Bernier and Dorre islands in Shark Bay, Western Australia, as part of the Dirk Hartog Island National Park Ecological Restoration Program. Once found across large areas of south-west and central Australia, the populations on the Bernier and Dorre islands are the last natural populations of the two species due to habitat loss and predation post-European colonisation. As the rufous hare-wallaby and banded hare-wallaby have not been previously recorded on DHI, there was uncertainty regarding their successful establishment on the island and their potential interactions with each other and other species involved in the restoration program.
The diets of rufous hare-wallabies and banded hare-wallabies were investigated through the DNA metabarcoding of scat samples from three islands in Shark Bay, Western Australia. This researched aimed to assess dietary overlap and the potential for resource competition between the two hare-wallaby species. Additionally, the difference in diet between the founder populations to their post-translocation diets on DHI were analysed as an indication of dietary flexibility and adaptability to environmental changes. The diets of both species of hare-wallaby were found to be broad, containing taxa from multiple plant families including invasive weeds. On DHI there was a high degree of overlap in the diets of the two species, indicating a risk of resource competition. The diets of the translocated populations differed significantly from the founder populations, which demonstrated flexible foraging behaviour and signified that rufous hare-wallabies and banded hare-wallabies are excellent candidates for future translocation projects on other islands and within mainland reserves.
This thesis is the first study to define and compare the diets of the Shark Bay rufous hare-wallaby and the banded hare-wallaby using scat DNA. The understanding of diet is fundamental to ecology and an essential consideration in restoration projects involving new species interactions. The findings from this research can benefit the fulfilment of translocation success criteria related to species establishment and health targets for the new populations. By demonstrating the dietary breadth and flexibility of Shark Bay’s hare-wallabies, this thesis exemplifies the utility of scat DNA in supporting the conservation of translocated fauna.
3
Young, Lauren Jill, University of Western Sydney, of Science Technology and Environment College, and of Science Food and Horticulture School. "Cellular immune responses of marsupials : family Macropodidae." 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/12869.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis describes a comprehensive study of the cellular responses of a number of endangered marsupial species with a principal focus on the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) as a model macropod species. The development of in vitro experimental assays for the assessment of immune responses in this model species are described, which provided a set of benchmarks for comparisons with other members of the Macropodidae and with eutherian mammals. Once this data was collected and protocols were established, the study was extended to include investigations of the immune responses in opportunistic samples obtained from the Rufous Hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus), the Long-footed potoroo ( Potorous longipes) and the more common, but nonetheless still vulnerable, Long-nosed potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) with a view to investigating their apparent susceptibility to infection with intracellular pathogens, particularly mycobacterial species. The findings from the application of these assays suggest that the cellular immune responses of these species are relatively complex and involve a level of sophistication that rivals their eutherian counterparts. Specifically peripheral blood and tissue leukocytes were morphologically similar to those of other mammals, with the exception of tammar wallaby monocytes that appeared to contain few lysosomal granules, and the basophils of the Rufous Hare-wallaby that contained very large atypical granules. The overall findings of this study suggest that the immune systems of macropod species possess most of the sophistication associated with that of eutherian mammals. Whilst some differences were apparent in cells and their products in the test species, no single factor common to all macropods was identified as a cause for immune dysfunction. It appears likely that as yet undefined factors related to their confinement rather than an inherent defect in their immunocapacity is responsible for the apparent disease susceptibility of these animals.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
4
(6848978), Jenifer Alsemgeest. "Identification and characterisation of inflammatory cytokines in the Rufous hare-wallaby, Lagorchestes hirsutus." Thesis, 2018. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Identification_and_characterisation_of_inflammatory_cytokines_in_the_Rufous_hare-wallaby_Lagorchestes_hirsutus/13445870.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Australian marsupial populations, particularly macropods, have a high percentage of species that are threatened due to habitat destruction and competition and predation from introduced species. These already stressed populations are vulnerable to introduced and endemic pathogens, both immunologically and environmentally. Yet this vulnerability also places ethical limits on the extent of disease research that is able to be carried out. This thesis firstly investigates the applicability of using available genomes of model marsupial species, specifically the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii), in investigating immunological function in disease of a closely related vulnerable species, the rufous hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus).
Disease vulnerabilities in a range of marsupials highlight susceptibilities associated with T-cell function, and while other avenues have been investigated, the nature and expression of more diverse cytokines involved in T-cell mediated immune responses is a key focus for research. This thesis project began with the characterisation of expressed cytokines, IL-6, IL-10, and IFN-γ confirming their expression in the tammar wallaby and providing sequence and annotation information to further that found in published genome databases. Further to this, both IL6 and IL10 genes were found to express splicing variants in the tammar wallaby. To clarify the potential functional characteristics of both these cytokines and their isoforms, the structural nature of the predicted proteins was analysed and compared to known mammalian homologs. The information obtained for these cytokines in the tammar wallaby, was applied to the closely related but more vulnerable rufous hare-wallaby to obtain expressed sequence for these cytokines. The expression of key T-cell markers and cytokines was confirmed in the rufous-hare wallaby across a range of tissues. To further this, selected cytokines were compared semi-quantitatively to determine comparative base levels of expression to inform further quantitative assessment.
The use of archival samples, particularly formalin-fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) tissues, is an important resource in studying marsupial immunology, where threatened, or even extinct species, may be the subject of research. This project examined the use of both genomic bacterial identification and gene expression of cytokines within archival FFPE tissues as a mode to inform disease research. While the methodology has limitations, the identification of an infective agent, Mycobacterium avium, and the ability to assess the expression of cytokines associated with that agent, will inform further research in archival samples.
The thesis concludes that while the sequence and structure of marsupial cytokines are comparable to their mammalian homologs, the identification of splice variants presents novel regulatory mechanisms which may affect disease outcomes. Basal expression of T-cell related cytokines and T-cell markers in rufous hare-wallaby tissues, and semi-quantitative assessment of cytokine expression is presented providing fundamental data for further comparative research. Taken together, identification of Mycobacteria in archival tissues and the associated expression of key cytokines in the rufous hare-wallaby provides a key methodological approach to assist in research for which archival FFPE tissues are available while also presenting novel disease-associated cytokine expression information.
5
Young, Lauren J. "Cellular immune responses of marsupials : family Macropodidae." Thesis, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/12869.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This thesis describes a comprehensive study of the cellular responses of a number of endangered marsupial species with a principal focus on the tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii) as a model macropod species. The development of in vitro experimental assays for the assessment of immune responses in this model species are described, which provided a set of benchmarks for comparisons with other members of the Macropodidae and with eutherian mammals. Once this data was collected and protocols were established, the study was extended to include investigations of the immune responses in opportunistic samples obtained from the Rufous Hare-wallaby (Lagorchestes hirsutus), the Long-footed potoroo ( Potorous longipes) and the more common, but nonetheless still vulnerable, Long-nosed potoroo (Potorous tridactylus) with a view to investigating their apparent susceptibility to infection with intracellular pathogens, particularly mycobacterial species. The findings from the application of these assays suggest that the cellular immune responses of these species are relatively complex and involve a level of sophistication that rivals their eutherian counterparts. Specifically peripheral blood and tissue leukocytes were morphologically similar to those of other mammals, with the exception of tammar wallaby monocytes that appeared to contain few lysosomal granules, and the basophils of the Rufous Hare-wallaby that contained very large atypical granules. The overall findings of this study suggest that the immune systems of macropod species possess most of the sophistication associated with that of eutherian mammals. Whilst some differences were apparent in cells and their products in the test species, no single factor common to all macropods was identified as a cause for immune dysfunction. It appears likely that as yet undefined factors related to their confinement rather than an inherent defect in their immunocapacity is responsible for the apparent disease susceptibility of these animals.