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Статті в журналах з теми "Healthy Building and Environment"

Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Healthy Building and Environment.
Автор: Grafiati
Опубліковано: 20 червня 2021
Оновлено: 7 лютого 2022

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1

Li, Bin, Weihong Guo, Xiao Liu, Yuqing Zhang, Peter John Russell, and Marc Aurel Schnabel. "Sustainable Passive Design for Building Performance of Healthy Built Environment in the Lingnan Area." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 14, 2021): 9115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169115.

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Having a healthy built environment becomes increasingly important, especially under the effects of COVID-19. This paper intends to combine sustainable goals based on climate change with passive design principles to achieve a healthy built environment regarding the building performance of residential buildings. The Yuedao Residential Community in the Lingnan area was taken as an example for the research. Based on relevant standards of healthy buildings, the thermal, light, and acoustic environment requirements were determined. The methods of building performance simulation and on-site measurement were used to quantify the research object environments. Then, the outcomes were obtained based on these standards. As observed, the thermal environment’s adaptive thermal comfort level was level III. It was hot indoors, but the light and acoustic environments met the requirements. Building designs based on a built environment optimized by external shading systems aim to solve problems through building performance simulation and qualitative analysis. After optimization, the thermal environment improved. According to the literature review, this research focused on a healthy built environment with a sustainable passive design in terms of building performance. A research workflow was established that could be used for more practical research, with abundant research methods. The problems were solved to varying degrees, and the Lingnan architectural culture was preserved. Moreover, this research filled the gap in interactive research on healthy built environments with sustainable passive design regarding building performance.
2

Koehler, Kirsten, Megan Latshaw, Thomas Matte, Daniel Kass, Howard Frumkin, Mary Fox, Benjamin F. Hobbs, Marsha Wills-Karp, and Thomas A. Burke. "Building Healthy Community Environments: A Public Health Approach." Public Health Reports 133, no. 1_suppl (November 2018): 35S—43S. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0033354918798809.

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Environmental quality has a profound effect on health and the burden of disease. In the United States, the environment-related burden of disease is increasingly dominated by chronic diseases. At the local level, public health practitioners realize that many policy decisions affecting environmental quality and health transcend the authorities of traditional health department programs. Healthy decisions about the built environment, including housing, transportation, and energy, require broad collaborative efforts. Environmental health professionals have an opportunity to address the shift in public health burden toward chronic diseases and play an important role in the design of healthy communities by bringing data and tools to decision makers. This article provides a guide for community leaders to consider the public health effects of decisions about the built environment. We present a conceptual framework that represents a shift from compartmentalized solutions toward an inclusive systems approach that encourages partnership across disciplines and sectors. We discuss practical tools to assist with environmental decision making, such as Health Impact Assessments, environmental public health tracking, and cumulative risk assessment. We also identify priorities in research, practice, and education to advance the role of public health in decision making to improve health, such as the Health Impact Assessment, as a core competency for environmental health practitioners. We encourage cross-disciplinary communication, research, and education that bring the fields of planning, transportation, and energy in closer collaboration with public health to jointly advance the systems approach to today’s environmental challenges.
3

Calendrillo, Teresa. "Team building for a healthy work environment." Nursing Management (Springhouse) 40, no. 12 (December 2009): 9–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.numa.0000365463.94098.69.

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4

Li, Xianting, Yi Zhang, Fu-Yun Zhao, and Song Pan. "Building Energy Efficiency and Healthy Indoor Environment." Advances in Mechanical Engineering 6 (January 1, 2014): 769081. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/769081.

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5

Wu, Zezhou, Lei Liu, Shenghan Li, and Hao Wang. "Investigating the Crucial Aspects of Developing a Healthy Dormitory based on Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs—A Case Study of Shenzhen." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 5 (February 28, 2020): 1565. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051565.

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In recent years, with the development of green building and the increase of health awareness, the concept of healthy building has been proposed. Recently, studies have been made on developing healthy residential buildings; however, few attentions have been paid to the development of healthy dormitories. To bridge this research gap, this paper aims to investigate the crucial aspects of developing a healthy dormitory. Based on the Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, three influencing aspects which include 17 measurement indicators are identified. Questionnaire surveys are subsequently conducted to collect students’ perceptions on the identified indicators. After a structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis, the relationships between the three influencing aspects are analyzed. The research findings show that building performance, bodily sensation, and humanistic environment must be taken into account in the development of a healthy dormitory. In addition, it is revealed that building performance has a significant impact on bodily sensation, while bodily sensation has a significant impact on humanistic environment. However, building performance is found having little impact on humanistic environment. The findings of this study could provide useful information for the construction of healthy dormitories.
6

Jalil, Nurul Amira Abd, Nazli Bin Che Din, and Nila Inangda Manyam Keumala Daud. "A Literature Analysis on Acoustical Environment in Green Building Design Strategies." Applied Mechanics and Materials 471 (December 2013): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.471.138.

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Acoustic quality is important in ensuring a healthy and workable working environment. One of green buildings main objective is to reduce the building impact on human health and performance. This was emphasized in most green building rating system under its requirement for Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ). IEQ highlights the four main points for achieving an improved indoor environment: indoor air quality, acoustics, visual comfort (lighting) and thermal comfort. Although acoustics was mentioned in the IEQ criteria, according to previous surveys and studies; acoustics quality in green buildings were not improving. It seems as though in order to improve on other green building criteria, acoustics performance is bound to become poorer. Through review of previous literature, survey and studies on acoustical performance in green buildings, the objective of this paper is to identify how green building design strategies contribute to the degradation of acoustical environment in green office buildings. Findings shows that design strategies implemented to cater for other green building requirements such as natural ventilation, daylight, reduction of finishes and office layout have unintentionally decrease the acoustical quality.
7

Šujanová, Paulína, Monika Rychtáriková, Tiago Sotto Mayor, and Affan Hyder. "A Healthy, Energy-Efficient and Comfortable Indoor Environment, a Review." Energies 12, no. 8 (April 12, 2019): 1414. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12081414.

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Design strategies for sustainable buildings, that improve building performance and avoid extensive resource utilization, should also promote healthy indoor environments. The following paper contains a review of the couplings between (1) building design, (2) indoor environmental quality and (3) occupant behavior. The paper focuses on defining the limits of adaptation on the three aforementioned levels to ensure the energy efficiency of the whole system and healthy environments. The adaptation limits are described for measurable physical parameters and the relevant responsible human sensory systems, evaluating thermal comfort, visual comfort, indoor air quality and acoustical quality. The goal is to describe the interactions between the three levels where none is a passive participant, but rather an active agent of a wider human-built environment system. The conclusions are drawn in regard to the comfort of the occupant. The study reviews more than 300 sources, ranging from journals, books, conference proceedings, and reports complemented by a review of standards and directives.
8

Lyu, Yingying, Ann Forsyth, and Steven Worthington. "Built Environment and Self-Rated Health: Comparing Young, Middle-Aged, and Older People in Chengdu, China." HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal 14, no. 3 (January 5, 2021): 229–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1937586720982566.

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Objectives: This article explores how the building-scale built environment is associated with self-rated health, examining differences in this association among younger, middle-aged, and older age groups. Features examined included building type, building condition, and sidewalk presence in front of dwellings. Background: Understanding how the relationships between built environments and health vary across age groups helps to build a healthy environment for all. However, most studies have concentrated on the neighborhood or indoor environment, rather than whole buildings, and few have compared age groups. Methods: This study analyzed survey data from 1,019 adults living in 40 neighborhoods in Chengdu, China, recruited through a clustered random sampling approach. It used a Bayesian logistic mixed-effects model with interaction terms between age-group indicators and other variables. Results: Significant differences exist in the relationships of self-rated health with some environmental and other indicators among age groups. For older people, living in multi-floor buildings, having a household smoker, and undertaking fewer hours of weekly exercise were associated with lower odds of reporting good, very good, or excellent health. These relationships were not identified among middle-aged and younger people. More education was associated with higher odds of reporting better health among older and middle-aged groups. Conclusions: Older people experience more health-related challenges compared to middle-aged and younger people. However, among the examined built environment factors, building type was the only significant factor related to self-rated health among older people. To promote health among older people, this study recommends adding elevators in the multi-floor buildings.
9

Hsieh, Ting Ting, Che Ming Chiang, Ming Chin Ho, and Kwang Pang Lai. "The Application of Green Building Materials to Sustainable Building for Environmental Protection in Taiwan." Advanced Materials Research 343-344 (September 2011): 267–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.343-344.267.

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"Sustainable development "is a necessary condition for continuation of the Earth, "Healthy and Comfortable" is a necessary condition for the continuation of life. The serious energy and natural resource shortage that our living environment is currently facing, however global climate change is the problem can not be ignored. This paper shows the application of green building materials to sustainable building for environmental protection. Since July 2006, the mandatory green building material utilization has been involved into Taiwan’s building code. For indoor decoration and floor materials in buildings, green building materials shall cover at least 30% of the total indoor decoration and floor material uses. Fulfilling the requirements of ecological, recycling, healthy, and high-performance attributes, the green building material regulation may effectively reduce environmental impacts and improve the indoor environmental quality (IEQ), so as to gradually achieve “human health and global sustainability.”Taiwan Green Building Material (GBM) evaluation system incorporates low toxicity, minimal emissions, low-VOC, recycled content, resource efficiency, recyclable and reusable materials, energy efficiency, water conservation, IAQ improvement, and use of locally products, among others (Froeschle, 1999). The criteria are systematically comprised of four categories, including Ecology, Health, High-Performance and Recycling. With respect to the relationship between the GBM labeling system and the current EEWH green building evaluation system in Taiwan, the GBM system can typically contribute to a sustainable environment. Starting from energy saving and resource efficiency by combining an ecological circulatory system, corresponding local environment, community civilization, as well as historic and regional features, the GBM system creates a core concept of sustainable built environment in Taiwan.
10

D’Amico, Alessandro, Giacomo Bergonzoni, Agnese Pini, and Edoardo Currà. "BIM for Healthy Buildings: An Integrated Approach of Architectural Design based on IAQ Prediction." Sustainability 12, no. 24 (December 12, 2020): 10417. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su122410417.

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The relationship between users and the built environment represents a fundamental aspect of health. The factors that define the properties linked to health and well-being are increasingly becoming part of building design. In these terms, building information modelling (BIM) and BIM-based performance simulation take on a priority role. Among the key features for the design of Healthy Buildings, indoor air quality (IAQ) plays a central role. There are numerous indoor pollutants with significant health effects; volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are to be mentioned among these. The paper presents the proposal of an integrated workflow in the BIM process for the check and control of VOC emissions from building materials and their concentration in confined environments. The workflow is developed through the systematisation of IAQ parameters for the open BIM standard, the integration in the BIM process of a numerical model for the prediction of the VOCs concentration in the indoor environment, and the development of model checkers for performance verification. The results show a good adhesion between the numerical model and the implementation in BIM, providing the designer with a rapid control instrument of IAQ in the various phases of the building design. The present study is the first development focused on TVOC, but implementable concerning other aspects of IAQ, as needed for the effectiveness of performance building-based design for health and wellness issues.
11

D’Amico, Alessandro, Agnese Pini, Simone Zazzini, Daniela D’Alessandro, Giovanni Leuzzi, and Edoardo Currà. "Modelling VOC Emissions from Building Materials for Healthy Building Design." Sustainability 13, no. 1 (December 27, 2020): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13010184.

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The profound qualitative changes of indoor air and the progressive increase in the absolute number of pollutants, combined with the scientific awareness of the health impacts deriving from spending more than 90% of one’s time inside confined spaces, have increased the attention onto the needs of well-being, hygiene, and the health of users. This scientific attention has produced studies and analyses useful for evidence-based insights into building performance. Among the main pollutants in the indoor environment, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) play a central role, and the use of box-models using the mass balance approach and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) models are now consolidated to study their concentrations in an indoor environment. This paper presents the use of both types of modelling for the prediction of the VOC concentration in the indoor environment and the proposal of a guide value for the Indoor Air Quality (IAQ)-oriented building design, specifically related to the indoor VOC concentration due to building materials. Methodologically, the topic is addressed through environmental sampling, the definition of the parameters necessary for the numerical models, the simulations with the box-model and the CFD, and the comparison between the results. They show a good correspondence between the modelling tools used, highlighting the central role of ventilation and allowing a discussion of the relationship between regulatory limits of emissivity of materials and Indoor Air Guide Values for the concentration of pollutants.
12

Mamo, Emma. "Building blocks of a mentally healthy workplace." Veterinary Record 185, no. 2 (July 11, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/vr.l4656.

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As an employer, you have a legal duty of care to those you employ. But have you considered that that duty extends to supporting their mental health? Here Emma Mamo, head of workplace wellbeing at Mind, suggests some ways to go about building a mentally healthy working environment.
13

Li, Qing. "Integration of "Green Building "into Residence Districts - Take the Design of the Yushan Huafu Home Community for Example." Advanced Materials Research 433-440 (January 2012): 957–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.433-440.957.

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In the green building concept, not only do the influences of the local climate, architectural form, usage mode, facilities condition, construction process, building materials and access management on the external environment as well as the comfortable and healthy internal environment are taken into account, but also the different interests of investors, users, design, installation, operation and maintenance personnel are integrated. In other words, the relationship among the lasting design, favorable environment and beneficiaries must be balanced and interactive, and hence the optimal greening effect can be accomplished. From this point of view, the green building can balance and coordinate the different needs and energy dependences between the internal and external environments and the users, and hence the buildings and the environments can be melted together naturally. In this paper, the author studies the whole process of integrating the "green building" into residence districts by the Yushan Huafu Home Community for example.
14

Vargová, Andrea, and Monika Pavčeková. "Noise Perception in Residential Building Environment." Advanced Materials Research 649 (January 2013): 281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.649.281.

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This article brings up to discussion a particularly topical issue which is the quality of sound insulation in Slovakian dwellings. An analysis of the current acoustical situation in newly built or renovated buildings is shown, as well as the importance of a subjective evaluation of acoustical comfort is highlighted. Nevertheless, it is known that the acoustical comfort is one of the most important factors of a healthy living environment and that the acoustical defects often become subject of argumentation. Concerning the growing acoustical problems in dwellings, we could debate, to what extent the real value of the apartment can be estimated.
15

Wieser, Antonija Ana, Marco Scherz, Alexander Passer, and Helmuth Kreiner. "Challenges of a Healthy Built Environment: Air Pollution in Construction Industry." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 21, 2021): 10469. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810469.

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Air pollution is a global concern, especially in cities and urban areas, and has many implications for human health and for the environment. In common with other industrial sectors, the construction industry emits air pollutants. In scientific literature, the contribution the construction industry makes to air pollution is underexposed. This systematic literature review (SLR) paper gives an overview of the current literature regarding air pollution within the construction industry. Air pollution is discussed focusing mainly on three levels: (i) buildings and their building life cycle stages, (ii) construction processes and components, and (iii) building material and interior. The final sample of the SLR comprises 161 scientific articles addressing different aspects of the construction industry. The results show that most articles address the use stage of a building. Particulate matter in different sizes is the most frequently examined air pollutant within the SLR. Moreover, about a third of the articles refer to indoor air pollution, which shows the relevance of the topic. The construction industry can help to develop a healthier built environment and support the achievement of cleaner air within various life cycle stages, e.g., with optimized construction processes and healthier materials. International agreements and policies such as the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) can support the sustainable development of the construction industry.
16

Zhang, Lei, and Fu Ting Wang. "The Analysis of Green Building's outside Decoration Materials." Advanced Materials Research 805-806 (September 2013): 1583–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.805-806.1583.

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As the citys main carrier, building plays an irreplaceable role in healthy and green living environment of the people. Nowadays, green building has become an important standard evaluation of building. Outer decoration materials are a part of the buildings structure,its jacket, and appearance of the city. Through investigating and understanding the outer decoration materials at home and abroad, analyzing the advantages and disadvantages that may exist in the process of development, interpreting the application value of environmental protection materials, renewable energy, intelligent materials in building facade design, as a result, provide some basis for exploring new materials about green building outside decoration. Do advocate protecting the environment and having a healthy living.
17

Ajayi, Saheed O., Lukumon O. Oyedele, Babatunde Jaiyeoba, Kabir Kadiri, and Sunday Aderemi David. "Are sustainable buildings healthy? An investigation of lifecycle relationship between building sustainability and its environmental health impacts." World Journal of Science, Technology and Sustainable Development 13, no. 3 (July 11, 2016): 190–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/wjstsd-01-2016-0015.

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Purpose – There have been speculations as to whether environmental friendly buildings are always healthy. Using lifecycle assessment (LCA) methodology, the purpose of this paper is to investigate lifecycle relationship between building sustainability and its environmental health impacts Design/methodology/approach – In order to achieve this, a block of classroom was modelled with the aid of Revit software, and its lifecycle global warming potential (GWP) and human health impacts were analysed using green building studio and ATHENA impact estimator tools. Sensitivity analyses of the block of classrooms were then carried out by varying the building materials and energy use pattern of the original typology. The LCA was performed for seven alternative typologies that were achieved through variation in the building materials and energy use patterns. Findings – For all the eight building typologies, the study shows a direct relationship between GWPs and human health impacts. This confirms that the more sustainable a building, the less its tendency for having negative health effects on building operatives, occupants and the wider environment. Again, the more green a building in terms of its materials and energy use pattern, the healthier the building becomes. Research limitations/implications – The human health impacts was evaluated by measuring amount of particulate matter (PM2.5) produced by the buildings while environmental impact was evaluated by measuring global warming (KgCO2) potentials of the buildings throughout its lifecycle. The study has been based on the impacts of building materials and energy use patterns over the entire lifecycle of the buildings and materials used for construction. Originality/value – The study established a positive relationship between GWP of building and its human health impacts. Thus, all arguments relating to the relationship between building sustainability and health are laid to rest by the paper.
18

Vaughan, Leslie, and Trisha Slinger. "Building a Healthy Work Environment: A Nursing Resource Team Perspective." Nursing Leadership 26, sp (May 6, 2013): 70–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12927/cjnl.2013.23322.

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19

Roelofsen, Paul. "Healthy ageing and the built environment." Intelligent Buildings International 6, no. 1 (March 14, 2013): 3–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2013.775097.

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20

Ewing, R. "Building environment to promote health." Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health 59, no. 7 (July 1, 2005): 536–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech.2004.032367.

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21

Qi, Yuan, and Ning Kang. "Case analysis on indirect economic benefits of industrial building construction." MATEC Web of Conferences 336 (2021): 09020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202133609020.

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In this paper, the economic benefits of prefabricated buildings which are not directly reflected in the economic returns of investors are called indirect economic benefits. Based on the literature mining of the indirect economic relationship of a large number of prefabricated buildings, this paper constructs an analysis framework of indirect environment and social and economic benefits. Through BIM modeling software, the three prefabricated building models are modified into traditional building models. The indirect economic benefits of the project are calculated by using the index system. The functional relationship between the indirect economic benefits of prefabricated buildings and the assembly rate is established by using the SSPS statistical data processing software, which more intuitively shows the law of the indirect economic benefits of prefabricated buildings with the assembly rate It shows the impact of prefabricated building on environment and society, which is of great significance for the harmony between prefabricated building and society and environment, and the healthy and sustainable development of construction industry.
22

Kort, H. S. M. "Healthy building environments for ageing adults." Gerontechnology 16, no. 4 (February 6, 2018): 207–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.4017/gt.2017.16.4.001.00.

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23

Rogozin, Dmitry M. "The “Health of Buildings” Movement. [Rev.] Allen J.G., Macomber J.D. Healthy Buildings: How Indoor Spaces Drive Performance and Productivity. Cambridge, MS: Harvard University Press, 2020." Sociological Journal 26 (2020): 183–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.19181/socjour.2020.26.2.7273.

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The authors of this peer-reviewed monograph written in an autobiographical manner try to find optimal solutions for shaping the urban environment and redefining conventional building codes. They develop new directions in urban studies such as “green building”, “buildingnomics” and cognitive features of housing while adhering to the modern concept of healthy housing as the basis of well-being. The book focuses on two main research questions: (1) which buildings can we consider healthy? and (2) how can we create healthy buildings? The authors describe the main characteristics and examine the properties of both residential and industrial buildings while giving pragmatic recommendations for improving their internal space. Based on the results of forty years of research, they point out the nine most important components of healthy buildings such as: ventilation, air quality, optimal temperature conditions, water quality, humidity, cleanliness, insect control, light and view from the window, sound insulation, safety and security. The authors discuss in detail the basic principles and norms of the green building certification system recognized as “Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design” (LEED) and describe the mechanisms for obtaining and maintaining the status of a leader in energy and environmental design.
24

Behúnová, Annamária, Lucia Knapčíková, Marcel Behún, Tomáš Mandičák, and Peter Mésároš. "Intelligent Designing and Increasing the Variability of Healthy Residential Buildings by Customizing Recycled Polyvinyl Butyral." Sustainability 13, no. 16 (August 13, 2021): 9073. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169073.

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Healthy residential buildings represent the future of construction concerned with the environment, which is increasingly emphasized. This is directly related to the research and development of environmentally friendly building materials, which on the one hand meet the specific requirements of the builder, and on the other hand do not harm the environment. The research is based on the possibility of achieving increased variability in healthy residential buildings via the customization of recycled polyvinyl butyral using smart technologies for sustainable design. This study has two sub-goals; the first and foremost is the development and adaptation of recycled polyvinyl butyral to increase the elevation of the healthy residential buildings. The second objective is to design a methodology, and create databases and intelligent designs, via knowledge and building information modeling (BIM) technologies. In future research, data on environmental materials (such as the abovementioned recycled polyvinyl butyral) should be implemented in the knowledge databases that will be methodically described in our second sub-target.
25

Hapsari, Oktavi Elok. "ANALISIS PENERAPAN GREEN BUILDING PADA BANGUNAN PENDIDIKAN (STUDI KASUS : GREEN SCHOOL BALI)." Al-Ard: Jurnal Teknik Lingkungan 3, no. 2 (March 30, 2018): 54–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.29080/alard.v3i2.334.

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Green building concept is a discourse that is expected to address the challenges of today development. The formulated of Green Building in these six criteria can be used as a guide to produce a sustainable design. The six criteria are Rightness Land Use, Energy Efficiency and Conservation, Water Conservation, Material Sources & Cycles, Air Quality and Air Comfort in Space and Building Environmental Management. Green School Bali is buildings that perform green building. This educational institution has an concept that is combined education toward the environment create a healthy environment. This study aims to knowing the application of green building in the Green School Bali to use as a reference in designing. The research method used is literature study to analyze buildings. The results show that Green School Bali has implemented the six criteria of green building, especially in building design that can save energy consumption and use of bamboo materials in the entire building. Keywords: Green Building Concept, Green School Bali, Bamboo
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Carmichael, Laurence, Emily Prestwood, Rachael Marsh, Janet Ige, Ben Williams, Paul Pilkington, Eleanor Eaton, and Aleksandra Michalec. "Healthy buildings for a healthy city: Is the public health evidence base informing current building policies?" Science of The Total Environment 719 (June 2020): 137146. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137146.

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Călbureanu, Mădălina Xenia, Raluca Malciu, and Calin Mihnea Calbureanu. "Contributions Regarding the Energy Efficiency Increasing for a Hotel Building in order to Ensure a Healthy Indoor Environment." Applied Mechanics and Materials 880 (March 2018): 329–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.880.329.

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This paper purpose is to provide recommendations after a thermal energy analysis and inspection of a hotel building and its related facilities, in order to increase energy efficiency saving primary resources, to ensure a healthy indoor climate for users, and last but not least to ensure a reduction of CO2 emissions in order to ensure an external environment with low pollutant emissions. All the carried out analysis has as main objective to consider a symbiosis between all the parameters involved (energy, indoor/outdoor environment, comfort), when a building (envelope and installations) is renovated, especially when excess in order to save energy tend to endanger the indoor climate. Non-invasive methods were used to inspect the building by using thermo-vision both for the building envelope and for inspection of existing installations. The building utilities bills were analyzed for a period of one year to highlight current energy performance. The given recommendations achieve the proposed goal and highlight the active role of building management, continuous monitoring of energy and utilities to assess and improve energy efficiency, and ultimately to minimize specific energy costs. The results of this study can be used successfully on a wide range of hotel buildings in Romania.
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Gandhi, Shan. "Building aspirations… building ambitions?" Faculty Dental Journal 8, no. 1 (January 2017): 20–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/rcsfdj.2017.20.

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Much has been written of late on the requirements of a patient-centred hospital environment suitable for healing. So much so that, within healthcare, the theoretical concept is referred to as ‘evidence-based design’, in which – through form and function – the positive interaction and outcomes that buildings and their environments can have on the health, recovery, safety and wellbeing of patients and carers – and on the health and morale of its staff – is considered. In view of Birmingham’s new £50 million Dental Hospital and School of Dentistry opening its doors to the public earlier this year, this article provides a précis of the establishment, and illustrates how evidence-based healthcare design concepts have been woven into its design.
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Calbureanu, Madalina, Raluca Malciu, and Diana Calbureanu. "Active House - A Building that Offers more than Consumes." Advanced Engineering Forum 27 (April 2018): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.27.193.

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Active House is a vision on some buildings that create a healthy and comfortable life for their occupants without influencing in a negative way the climate and environment - leading to a cleaner, healthier and safer world. Active House proposes a target framework for changing the way we build and renovate buildings in order to contribute positively to our health, safety and well-being, focusing on indoor and outdoor environment and on the effective use of energy.
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Kim, Amy, Shuoqi Wang, Lindsay McCunn, Aleksejs Prozuments, Troy Swanson, and Kim Lokan. "Commissioning the Acoustical Performance of an Open Office Space Following the Latest Healthy Building Standard: A Case Study." Acoustics 1, no. 3 (July 9, 2019): 473–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/acoustics1030027.

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Healthy building design guides are cogent and necessary. While elements that contribute to healthy buildings are multifactorial, the perception of sound versus noise is subjective and difficult to operationalize. To inform the commissioning process, the acoustics in an open office was examined following the first international building certification system that focuses on the well-being of occupants. Results highlight the role facility managers play in ensuring acoustical quality and offer suggestions to optimize healthy building rating systems. Mixed empirical evidence concerning the advantages of open office designs exists, as does evidence that noise, and a lack of privacy, affects workers’ levels of distraction and dissatisfaction. Sound masking systems can lower stress levels and augment performance. However, the sound produced by these systems can also be disruptive; conflicting information exists for facility managers to use when making decisions. The results suggest that, although objective measurements and healthy building guidelines for designing satisfactory indoor acoustic environments are important, changes to the physical environment, and acoustical systems, in particular, require iterative subjective assessments within the retrofit process to bolster occupant satisfaction. Mixed-methodologies used in this study may aid facilities managers in capturing and interpreting occupant data about physical stimuli in the workplace and improving the commissioning process.
31

Wang, Dong Zhou. "Research on the Influence of Urban Environment to Resident Health and the Path of Intervention." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 1075–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.1075.

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In the process of rapid urbanization building, the natural environment pollution threat to the health of residents; on the other hands, the limit living spaces constraints the residents physical activities. Environmental degradation is rooted in the city's extensive development, the powerless regulation of environmental and the weak awareness of environmental. Response to environmental degradation on health effects, we have three active intervention paths: promote the health of urban construction, building green, livable living environment, promote healthy lifestyles.
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Hwang, Taeyon, and Jeong Tai Kim. "Effects of Indoor Lighting on Occupants’ Visual Comfort and Eye Health in a Green Building." Indoor and Built Environment 20, no. 1 (December 29, 2010): 75–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1420326x10392017.

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This study investigated the effects of indoor lighting on occupants’ visual comfort and eye health and to contribute to the management and maintenance of buildings. The illuminance of the working plane and windows at Samsung Corporation Headquarters were measured, and 2744 healthy occupants of Samsung Corporation were surveyed regarding the indoor lighting environment via the company’s intranet for 1½ years. This building was certified with the highest ranking by Korea’s Green Building Council. The cumulative data reflected the management and maintenance of the building, such as screen-type shading devices automatically controlled by seasons and time, improvement of visual display terminal glare by the veiling reflection on monitors, efficiency of artificial lighting arrays, and so on. The data were analysed for occupants’ visual comfort and eye health. The result showed that daylighting could improve the occupants’ psychological health and productivity. The screen-type shading device could intercept direct sunlight and reduce annoyance glare. However, the indoor lighting and visual environment of the building were poor. After examining the questionnaire feedback concerning improvements, the occupants’ annoyance ratio was significantly reduced, and approximately 5% of the occupants’ annoyance ratio was deemed to be caused by personal characteristics related to the lighting of the environment.
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Tan, Xiaodong, Yanan Zhang, and Haiyan Shao. "Healthy China 2030, a breakthrough for improving health." Global Health Promotion 26, no. 4 (January 3, 2018): 96–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1757975917743533.

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China has the largest population in the world, and its health levels have greatly affected the healthy development of the population of the world. Healthy China 2030 is a breakthrough for ensuring that the Chinese population have access to health, through advocating the whole society’s participation in the concept of “Health for All, and All for Health.” The plan puts forward five strategies such as popularizing healthy life, optimizing the health service, improving health protection, building a healthy environment, and developing healthy industry, from the perspectives of health effects of personal life and behavior, health care and security, production, and the living environment. As a national guide for public health promotion, we briefly describe the main intentions of Healthy China 2030, and give some commentaries from a health promotion perspective.
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Sung, Wen Pei, Yi Rou Chi, Lin Jun Hong, and Yu Kuang Zhao. "Developing a Healthy, Comfortable and Energy-Saving Office Building." Applied Mechanics and Materials 193-194 (August 2012): 45–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.193-194.45.

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How to maintain a comfortable indoor environment without excessively relying on mechanical HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning) is a target to be pursued for future living requirements. The results obtained in this research show that in an office environment, the room temperature monitored during winter is close to the comfortable temperature; however, the office occupants feel that a little warmer indoor temperature is comfort. During summer, the occupants prefer cooler temperature than the comfort temperature. Additionally, Taiwan is located in sub-tropical region with hot and humid summer. Even if the room temperature is maintained in a comfortable range, the occupants still feel not so comfortable because of high humidity. Hence, reducing the room temperature below 23 °C is inferred to make occupants feel comfortable. Questionnaire survey indicates that ventilation is preferred by 30.9% of the respondents for summer and 43.3% for winter as an effective method to improve the stuffy indoor air.
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Rosenwohl-Mack, Amy, Matt Beld, Meredith Greene, Karyn Skultety, Leslie Dubbin, Madeline B. Deutsch, and Jason D. Flatt. "BUILDING H.O.U.S.E. (HEALTHY OUTCOMES USING A SUPPORTIVE ENVIRONMENT) FOR LGBTQ OLDER ADULTS." Innovation in Aging 3, Supplement_1 (November 2019): S973. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igz038.3528.

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Abstract Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) older adults face unique challenges in finding affordable, inclusive, and supportive housing. These challenges may be due to discrimination, income disparities, and higher rates of health problems compared to cisgender heterosexual seniors. To our knowledge, this is the first longitudinal study of the health and wellbeing of older adults who move into LGBTQ-welcoming, affordable senior housing. Participants completed a brief baseline survey at the time of their housing lottery application. Questions focused on physical, psychological, and social health and current health service use. We calculated descriptive statistics on health status at baseline. 184 participants completed the baseline survey, mean age was 68 years (SD 5.2), and nearly 75% reported an annual income under $30,000. Almost half reported a diagnosis of hypertension, 40% depression, 27% anxiety, and 25% HIV/AIDS. Around 70% reported their health as good to excellent, 21% fair, and 9% poor or very poor. However, 58% reported their physical activities were at least somewhat limited by their physical health, 43% reported difficulties with balance or walking, and 32% reported memory problems. Nearly 3% had been admitted into the hospital and 10% had visited the emergency room in the past 30 days. In terms of social wellbeing, 63% felt isolated from others at least some of the time. In summary, LGBTQ older adults seeking affordable senior housing report relatively good health, although they also experience functional and social difficulties. New forms of housing that are explicitly LGBTQ-welcoming may help address these health challenges.
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Lin, Chuan-Hsuan, Min-Yang Chen, and Yaw-Shyan Tsay. "Simulation Methodology Based on Wind and Thermal Performance for Early Building Optimization Design in Taiwan." Sustainability 13, no. 18 (September 7, 2021): 10033. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su131810033.

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In a subtropical climate like that of Taiwan, the high temperature and humid environmental conditions often result in discomfort and health effects for building occupants. With regard to building geometry, the wind environment and thermal comfort assessment, which can enhance energy efficiency and the comfort and health of occupants, both ought to be considered as soon as possible in the design process. In view of the limited comprehensive design evaluation methods and design workflows regarding wind and thermal performance currently available, this research aims to develop an early decision support workflow that includes suggested performance evaluation methods and design optimization processes. The results of our case study show that the building had clear performance results using the proposed evaluation methods, making it easier for architects to understand and compare alternatives. Appropriate analysis and visualization of the results also effectively assisted architects in determining design solutions and making relevant decisions. The methods and results in this article can facilitate performance-based buildings for healthy and energy-efficient built environments.
37

Golański, Michał. "Thermal Renovation of Buildings with the Use of Straw - European Experience." Civil And Environmental Engineering Reports 23, no. 4 (December 1, 2016): 61–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ceer-2016-0051.

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Abstract The selection of building materials to a huge extent shapes building impact on the environment. In the era of widespread awareness of health problems arising from toxicity of chemical substances, healthy and safe materials of organic origin are even more important. The work discusses examples of the use of straw-bales in thermal retrofitting of buildings located in Austria, Czech Republic and Hungary. The experience of the practical applications of this material in renovations of buildings located in similar climatic conditions indicate that these solutions can be used successfully in Poland. The prevalence of this technology can make a significant contribution to reduction of gaseous emissions, waste, as well as the emission of noise, vibration radiation.
38

Wang, Na, Wenjun Zheng, Mengyao Tian, and Lin Li. "The Wisdom of Adaptation of Dong’s Traditional Residential Space Environment from the Perspective of Health——a Case Study of Gaoxiu Dong Village in Guangxi." E3S Web of Conferences 251 (2021): 02069. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202125102069.

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Healthy living space is the guarantee of high quality of life, dong Village is one of the few minority living space environment adaptation wisdom of the living carrier. By virtue of its healthy ecosystem and the smart wisdom of residents, it is connected with or adapted to the natural environment to create a healthy and livable living space under low-technology conditions. Taking The Gaoxiu Dong Village as the research object, this paper analyzes the environmental adaptation wisdom of the spatial elements such as road system, drum tower space and residential building in Gaoxiu Dong Village, so as to show the spatial form beauty, functional practical beauty and national characteristic beauty of Dong Village. From the perspective of health, it analyzes the adaptive form and mode of human living space, and inherits the wisdom of building with respect to nature and environment.
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Mikic, Anja. "Healthy by Design: Utilizing Choice Architecture to Improve Food Environments." Current Developments in Nutrition 4, Supplement_2 (May 29, 2020): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzaa051_015.

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Abstract Objectives To codify evidence-based design strategies and best practices for designing food environments that make the healthiest choice the easiest choice. Methods Choice architecture refers to the practice of influencing choice by “organizing the context in which people make decisions.” Designers and architects are well-versed in choice architecture as it pertains to active design guidelines, such as the placement and promotion of stairs to encourage movement. However, there is little guidance on how to incorporate choice architecture interventions to nudge food choices and promote the health and well-being of the individuals who work, learn and live in these spaces. The WELL Building Standard version 2™ (WELL v2™) pilot is a global building certification program that addresses the intersection of health and the built environment across ten concepts. The WELL Nourishment concept codifies several evidence-based choice architecture interventions in an effort to empower architects and designers to construct dining spaces and eating environments conducive to health. WELL requires that fruits and vegetables are positioned in high-visibility locations to optimize their visibility and selection, recommends optimal dishware sizes to help guide appropriate portion sizes and reduce food waste, and promotes healthy food choices through intentional menu design. Results There are over 4000 projects currently applying the design, policy and operational strategies of WELL, encompassing over 500 million square feet across 58 countries. Each project is committed to optimizing the food environment through various choice architecture strategies designed to make the healthiest choice the easiest choice. Post-occupancy survey data from certified projects will help elucidate the impact of the design of our built spaces on human health and inform the continuous evolution of the standard. Conclusions Building standards and rating systems are guiding the future of our built world and how we interact with the spaces in which we spend the majority of our time. We must continue to educate and empower designers and architects to create healthy eating environments. Funding Sources None.
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Xiaoyi, Chen, Niu Runping, Liu Hua, and Yu Kai. "Analysis of the Importance of Fresh Air System to Indoor Environment of Green Building and Healthy Building." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 546 (August 12, 2020): 032021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/546/3/032021.

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41

Kent, Jennifer, and Susan Thompson. "Health and the Built Environment: Exploring Foundations for a New Interdisciplinary Profession." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2012 (2012): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/958175.

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The supportive role of the built environment for human health is a growing area of interdisciplinary research, evidence-based policy development, and related practice. Nevertheless, despite closely linked origins, the contemporary professions of public health and urban planning largely operate within the neoliberal framework of academic, political, and policy silos. A reinvigorated relationship between the two is fundamental to building and sustaining an effective “healthy built environment profession.” A recent comprehensive review of the burgeoning literature on healthy built environments identified an emergent theme which we have termed “Professional Development.” This literature relates to the development of relationships between health and built environment professionals. It covers case studies illustrating good practice models for policy change, as well as ways professionals can work to translate research into policy. Intertwined with this empirical research is a dialogue on theoretical tensions emerging as health and built environment practitioners and researchers seek to establish mutual understanding and respect. The nature of evidence required to justify policy change, for example, has surfaced as an area of asynchrony between accepted disciplinary protocols. Our paper discusses this important body of research with a view to initiating and supporting the ongoing development of an interdisciplinary profession of healthy planning.
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Ahn, Yong Han, Young Oh Choi, Bae Won Koh, and Annie R. Pearce. "DESIGNING SUSTAINABLE LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS: LOWERING ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN A K-12 FACILITY." Journal of Green Building 6, no. 4 (November 2011): 112–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/jgb.6.4.112.

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The construction industry is embracing sustainable building practices that boost the “triple bottom line”, namely the building's ecological, social, and financial performance. Since more than 55 million US students spend a significant part of their day in K-12 schools, it is vital that these facilities should provide healthy, comfortable, and productive learning environments. Here we present an in-depth literature review of how educational facilities affect student school performance, comfort, and health, and we examine the role of sustainable design and construction strategies in influencing the physical learning environment in schools. Significant barriers to implementing sustainable strategies are examined, particularly the first cost premium of a sustainable building. A systematic decision strategy is described that incorporates sustainable design strategies, lowering energy consumption and improving indoor environments. A case study describes the process of incorporating sustainable strategies in a K-12 education facility in North Carolina to lower annual energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions. Ways to reduce the first cost premium and minimize operating costs over the facility's life while providing healthy and comfortable learning environments for students and teachers are discussed. The case study school also functions as an experimental learning tool for teaching sustainability to K-12 students, having the potential to improve their attitudes and behavior with respect to sustainability.
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Torresin, Simone, Francesco Aletta, Francesco Babich, Ethan Bourdeau, Jack Harvie-Clark, Jian Kang, Lisa Lavia, Antonella Radicchi, and Rossano Albatici. "Acoustics for Supportive and Healthy Buildings: Emerging Themes on Indoor Soundscape Research." Sustainability 12, no. 15 (July 28, 2020): 6054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12156054.

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The focus of the building industry and research is shifting from delivering satisfactory spaces to going beyond what is merely acceptable with a wave of new research and practice dedicated to exploring how the built environment can support task performance and enhance people’s health and well-being. The present study addresses the role of acoustics in this paradigm shift. Indoor soundscape research has recently emerged as an approach that brings a perceptual perspective on building and room acoustics in order to shape built environments that “sound good” according to building occupants’ preference and needs. This paper establishes an initial discussion over some of the open questions in this field of research that is still in an embryonic stage. A thematic analysis of structured interviews with a panel of experts offered a range of perspectives on the characterization, management, and design of indoor soundscapes and health-related outcomes. The discussion pointed out the importance of both perceptual and multisensory research and integrated participatory design practices to enable a holistic view regarding the complex building–user interrelations and the design of just cities. Soundscape methodologies tailored to the peculiarities of indoor soundscapes can help to measure and predict the human perceptual response to the acoustic stimuli in context, thus reducing the risk of mismatches between expected and real building experiences. This perceptual perspective is expected to widen the scientific evidence for the negative and positive impacts of the acoustic environment on human health, well-being, and quality of life. This will support prioritizing the role of acoustics in building design and challenge many current design practices that are based on a noise control approach.
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Sulistiawati, Mailinda, Zulkarnaini Zulkarnaini, and Zahtamal Zahtamal. "Pengaruh Kondisi Kesehatan Lingkungan Terhadap Kepuasan dan Jumlah Kunjungan Pasien di Puskesmas Kota Pekanbaru." Dinamika Lingkungan Indonesia 5, no. 1 (January 28, 2018): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31258/dli.5.1.p.57-62.

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Given the importance of environmental health at puskesmas in the environmental health care system to create a healthy environment that can provide protection for patients and puskesmas. This study aims to analyze the partial and simultaneous influence between the buildings outside, building in the building, sanitation facilities and hygiene management on environmental health condition, analyze the effect of Puskesmas environment condition to the satisfaction and number of patient visit at Pekanbaru Health Center. This study used survey methods conducted at all public health centers in Pekanbaru City from April to August 2017. The sample size was 20 Puskesmas and 400 patients visited the Puskesmas. The tools and materials used in this research are observation instruments and use checklists and questionnaire interview instruments (questionnaires). The partial simultaneous effect of outbuildings, in-building buildings, sanitation facilities and hygiene management on the health condition of the puskesmas was used multiple regression tests, with the result of correlation of the condition of outsides to 0.321 outbuildings, buildings in 0.834, sanitation facilities 0.876 and cleanliness management 0.640. The direction of positive relationships shows the greater the assessment of the four variables will increasingly make the score of environmental health assessments getting bigger as well. Influence of health condition of environment of puskesmas toward patient satisfaction using multiple linear regression test and the result is 0,669. This shows a strong influence between environment health variable of puskesmas and satisfaction of respondent who come to visit puskesmas. R Square 0,448 or coefficient of determination mean 44,8% satisfaction of respondent can be explained by environment health variable of puskesmas. The influence of health condition of puskesmas on the number of patient visit using simple linear regression test and the result is 0,628. This shows a strong correlation between environment health variables of puskesmas with respondent visit coming to visit puskesmas. R Square 0,394 or coefficient of determination mean 39,4% of respondent visit can be explained by environment health variable of puskesmas while the rest is explained by other cause. It is necessary to increase health promotion and education about the importance of environmental health of puskesmas for the community about the health condition of the environment that fulfill the health requirement and increasing the role of Dinas Kesehatan in supervision of health of puskesmas environment to be better and become the reference of accreditation of puskesmas according to standard from the Ministry of Health RI.
45

Linn, S. "MED36/451: Health-Related World Wide Web Tool: An environment for building WWW-based healthy community." Journal of Medical Internet Research 1 (September 19, 1999): e73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/jmir.1.suppl1.e73.

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46

Chang, Yu Sheng, Kuei Peng Lee, and Wen Sheng Ou. "Evaluation on CO2 Emission of Light Weight Steel Housing in Taiwan." Applied Mechanics and Materials 284-287 (January 2013): 1325–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.284-287.1325.

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The reinforced concrete (RC) buildings commonly used in Taiwan not only create great pollutions in material manufacturing and construction phases but also destroy the environment. On the other hand, the light weight steel buildings are safe, healthy, comfortable, producing less waste, and environmental friendly. Therefore, light weight steel buildings have been promoted in Taiwan by the government as an important “green building” policy. In Taiwan, there is still a large market of low rise light weight steel housing. To promote light weight steel housing in Taiwan, we should evaluate its influence on environment. In this research, we established a CO2 emission database for light weight steel building materials and calculated CO2 emission for a light weight steel house. The results showed that a low rise light weight steel house has 39% less CO2 emission than an RC house in the same scale. A light weight steel house has a good building envelope that decreases energy consumption of air-condition by 35.42-42.95%. Therefore, a light weight steel house has less CO2 emission from building materials and energy consumption than an RC house.
47

Flimel, Marian. "Vibro-Acoustic Comfort Assessment Methodology of Residential Buildings in Urban Environment." Advanced Materials Research 1041 (October 2014): 428–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1041.428.

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Noise in residential buildings should be assessed not only in terms of impact on health, safety and performance of inhabitants, but also for the “value” of the building (apartment) in a certain environment. Building energetic certification implementation is one of the first compulsory legislative evaluation criteria. This paper wants to draw the attention to the need for vibro-accoustic building (apartment) certification. Presented tabular evaluation is an objective evaluation. The reason for that are the tendencies related to noise in environment: increased number and levels of noise sources in buildings’ exterior and interior, increasing demands for sound insulation of building structures and growing number of “noise” complaints.
48

Tan, Xiaodong, Shibo Kong, and Haiyan Shao. "New strategies to improve the health of Chinese people by 2030." Australian Journal of Primary Health 23, no. 4 (2017): 307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py16146.

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In October 2016, the leadership team of the Communist Party of China (CPC) adopted a plan aiming to build a healthy China over the next 15 years. The strategic tasks, mainly focused on promoting healthy lifestyles, optimising health services, improving health protection, building a healthy environment and developing the health industry, were proposed to deal with the health problems faced by China. According to the plan, China’s health plan is likely to undergo a major change.
49

SHAN, Jingjing, and Zhanyun WU. "The Healthy China Initiative: Reality, Problems and Remedies." Chinese Journal of Urban and Environmental Studies 06, no. 03 (September 2018): 1850019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2345748118500197.

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The Fifth Plenary Session of the 18th CPC Central Committee passed the resolution to build a healthy China, which was then upgraded to a national strategy in the Outline of the Healthy China 2030 Plan issued by the CPC Central Committee and the State Council in October 2016. This paper begins with describing health development in China and then argues that despite the good foundation that has been laid for building a healthy China, the country still faces serious problems, such as healthcare services falling short of demand, people’s health and quality of life yet to be improved, the wide gap between the rich and poor and structural imbalances, serious environmental pollution, and increasing security risks. In the end, suggestions are provided from the perspectives of creating a healthy environment, improving health services, developing a healthy population, building a healthy society, and increasing support for health development to advance the Healthy China initiative.
50

Cornett, Patricia A., and Maria W. OʼRourke. "Building Organizational Capacity for a Healthy Work Environment Through Role-Based Professional Practice." Critical Care Nursing Quarterly 32, no. 3 (July 2009): 208–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/01.cnq.0000356819.47395.a4.

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