Готові списки джерел за темами / Heartworm in dogs

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Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Heartworm in dogs"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

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Статті в журналах з теми "Heartworm in dogs"

Clemmons, R. M., R. A. Yamaguchi, R. G. Schaub, J. Fleming, M. R. Dorsey-Lee, and T. L. McDonald. "Interaction between canine platelets and adult heartworms: Platelet recognition of heartworm surfaces." American Journal of Veterinary Research 47, no. 2 (1986): 322–25. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1986.47.02.322.

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SUMMARY An interaction between blood platelets and adult heartworms was examined in vitro. Surfaces of glutaraldehyde-fixed heartworms, which were taken from infected dogs, washed, and incubated in platelet-rich plasma (prp), were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy. Adherence of platelets to heartworms occurred only with prp from infected dogs. Aggregation to epinephrine and adenosine diphosphate of prp incubated with heartworms was monitored. Seemingly, platelet activation to heartworm membranes occurs in dogs with heartworm disease. The increased platelet reactivity was also observed

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Boudreaux, Mary K., Allen R. Dillon, Eva A. Sartin, William R. Ravis, and Joseph S. Spano. "Effects of treatment with ticlopidine in heartworm-negative, heartworm-infected, and embolized heartworm-infected dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 52, no. 12 (1991): 2000–2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1991.52.12.2000.

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SUMMARY Ticlopidine hydrochloride was evaluated for its effectiveness in inhibiting platelet aggregation and serotonin release in 5 laboratory Beagles before and after heart-worm implantation with 7 adult Dirofilaria immitis, and after embolization with 7 dead heartworms to mimic what happens after heartworm adulticide treatment. Five other laboratory Beagles, similarly implanted and embolized with heartworms, were used as nonmedicated controls. During the heartworm-negative stage, the dosage of ticlopidine that inhibited adenosine diphosphate (adp)-induced platelet aggregation in 5 dogs by at

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Rawlings, Clarence A., and John W. McCall. "Surgical transplantation of adult Dirofilaria immitis to study heartworm infection and disease in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 46, no. 1 (1985): 221–24. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1985.46.01.221.

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SUMMARY Heartworm infections were established in dogs by surgical transplantation of adult heartworms into the external jugular vein. The heartworms were obtained from donor dogs that had been infected with large numbers of infective larvae. This heartworm model standardized the infection with a known number of heartworms of a known age and sex. This paper presents the methods for obtaining heartworms from donor dogs, for selection of recipient dogs, and for transplantation of heartworms.

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Rawlings, Clarence A., Quentin Tonelli, Robert E. Lewis, and J. Robert Duncan. "Semiquantitative test for Dirofilaria immitis as a predictor of thromboembolic complications associated with heartworm treatment in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 54, no. 6 (1993): 914–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1993.54.06.914.

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Summary A semiquantitative heartworm test of antigen concentration was evaluated as a predictor of thromboembolism after adulticide treatment. Seventeen dogs with naturally acquired infections of Dirofilaria immitis (heartworms) were studied before and after thiacetarsamide treatment, using physical examinations, arterial blood gas analyses, thoracic radiography, and pulmonary hemodynamic and arteriographic tests. Eight dogs were considered to have a low burden of heartworms and 9 had a high burden. Dogs with a high worm burden had more severe pulmonary thromboembolism with pulmonary hypertens

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Boudreaux, Mary K., Allen R. Dillon, William R. Ravis, Eva A. Sartin, and Joseph S. Spano. "Effects of treatment with aspirin or aspirin/dipyridamole combination in heartworm-negative, heartworm-infected, and embolized heartworm-infected dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 52, no. 12 (1991): 1992–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1991.52.12.1992.

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SUMMARY To determine the drug dose required to inhibit platelet reactivity by at least 50%, 2 drug regimens were evaluated in heartworm-negative, heartworm-infected, and heartworm-infected dogs embolized with dead heart-worms. Aspirin, or a combination of aspirin and dipyridamole, were administered to 2 groups of Beagles (n = 5 each) for 5 to 9 days; a third group of 5 Beagles served as nontreated controls. For heartworm-negative dogs, mean (± sd) aspirin dosage that inhibited collagen-induced platelet reactivity by at least 50% was 6 (± 2) mg/kg of body weight given once daily. The aspirin/di

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Lamb, Victoria L., Jeffrey F. Williams, and Lana Kaiser. "Effect of serum from dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis on endothelium-dependent relaxation of rat aorta in vitro." American Journal of Veterinary Research 54, no. 12 (1993): 2056–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1993.54.12.2056.

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Summary Endothelium-dependent relaxation of canine femoral artery in vivo is depressed in dogs infected with Dirofilaria immitis (heartworms). In vitro, endothelium-dependent relaxation of aorta from rat is depressed in the presence of adult heartworms or heartworm-conditioned media. The depression of relaxation is attributable, in part, to a low molecular weight, biologically active product that is released by the adult parasites. Because heartworms reside in the right heart and pulmonary arteries, biologically active factors produced by the parasites could circulate and alter endothelial cel

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Thilsted, John P., Jerry Whorton, Clair M. Hibbs, Gregory P. Jillson, Rick Steece, and Mary Stromei. "Comparison of four serotests for the detection of Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 48, no. 5 (1987): 837–41. https://doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1987.48.05.837.

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SUMMARY Three hundred two dogs were tested with 4 serotests for heartworm antigen (ag) or antibody (ab) and with the Knott test. The 4 serotests evaluated were an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (elisa) for adult heart-worm-specific ab (ab-elisa), a quantitative, indirect immunofluorescent assay (ifa) for adult heartworm-specific ab (ab-ifa), an ifa test for microfilaria (mf)-specific ab (mf-ifa), and an elisa for adult heartworm ag (ag-elisa). The presence of heartworms was ascertained in all dogs by necropsy examination. Of 302 dogs, 20 (6.6%) had heartworms in the heart at necropsy. Of in

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Rawlings, Clarence A., Royce Roberts, Gil Jacobs, John McCall, John Brown, and Michael Burrow. "Comparison of thoracic radiographs with images transmitted via advanced telecommunications equipment." Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 211, no. 10 (1997): 1245–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/javma.1997.211.10.1245.

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Objective To compare thoracic radiographs of clinically normal dogs and dogs with mild clinical heartworm disease with images transmitted by a desktop, two-way audiovisual teleconferencing system. Design Prospective, matched-set study. Study Population 50 thoracic radiographs from clinically normal and heartworm-infected dogs and the digitally transmitted images of those radiographs. Procedure Thoracic radiographs from 25 clinically normal dogs and 25 dogs infected with 1 to 24 heartworms were evaluated by 3 clinicians. Using classic criteria for heartworm disease, evaluations of radiographs a

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Pană, D., A. Rădulescu, I. L. Mitrea, and M. Ionita. "First report on clinical feline heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection in Romania." Helminthologia 57, no. 1 (2020): 49–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/helm-2020-0009.

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SummaryDirofilaria immitis (Nematoda: Filarioidea) is the causative agent of heartworm disease (HWD), a severe and potentially fatal condition in dogs. Although cats are considered more resistant to infection than dogs, they are also susceptible to heartworm infection. Moreover, the clinical importance of feline dirofilariosis has increased in recent years, especially in heartworm endemic areas. In contrast to dog, definitive antemortem diagnosis of heartworm infection in cat is difficult to achieve and a combination of testing methods must be used for clinical confirmation. Here we describe a

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Rawlings, Clarence A., Jean Pierre Raynaud, Robert E. Lewis, and J. Robert Duncan. "Pulmonary thromboembolism and hypertension after thiacetarsamide vs melarsomine dihydrocholoride treatment of Dirofilaria immitis infection in dogs." American Journal of Veterinary Research 54, no. 6 (1993): 920–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2460/ajvr.1993.54.06.920.

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Summary The severity of pulmonary thromboembolism and pulmonary hypertension induced by heartworms dying after administration of 2 adulticides was evaluated. Because melarsomine dihydrochloride (RM340) has been shown to be more effective in killing Dirofilaria immitis (heartworms) than the traditional approved adulticide, thiacetarsamide, an attempt was made to determine whether this new adulticide induced more severe lung disease. Before adulticide treatment, 32 dogs with naturally acquired heartworm infections received physical examinations, semiquantitative antigen concentration tests, cbc,

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Дисертації з теми "Heartworm in dogs"

Gouveia, Marta Isabel Marreiros Santa Ana Viegas. "Susceptibility of mosquito vectors to Dirofilaria immitis on Madeira Island, Portugal." Doctoral thesis, Universidade da Madeira, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.13/27.

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Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856), an agent of heartworm disease, is an important parasite from both the veterinary standpoint and as a model to study human filariasis. It is a mosquito-borne filarial nematode which inhabits the right ventricle and pulmonary arteries of dogs. D. immitis is an important disease agent on Madeira Island with about 30% of dogs testing positive for this worm. Nevertheless, the vectors of this parasite in Madeira have never been studied, nor has the interaction between pathogen and vector, or the environmental variables that might influence heartworm transmi

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Ogawa, Guilherme Maerschner. "Prevalência de Dirofilaria immitis (Leyd, 1856) em cães e sua ocorrência em mosquitos (Diptera, Culicidae) na cidade de Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/42/42135/tde-20032014-150702/.

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A dirofilariose canina é uma parasitose de distribuição mundial cujo agente etiológico é um verme nemátoda filarióide. Em sua fase adulta, os vermes produzem microfilárias por meio de reprodução sexuada. Sua transmissão ocorre por meio de mosquitos que atuam como hospedeiros intermediários. No Brasil, até o momento, a dirofilariose canina foi encontrada em 15 estados de todas as regiões. A maioria dos estudos está concentrada nas regiões sudeste e sul. A prevalência nacional é de 2%, embora alguns trabalhos tenham encontrado prevalências locais mais elevadas. Neste trabalho apresentamos o prim

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Fenoff, Roy S. "A survey of Wyoming mosquitoes for vectors of dog heartworm." Laramie, Wyo. : University of Wyoming, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1317326331&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=18949&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Dian, Rebekah Lynn. "Vector Competence of Northern California Mosquitoes for Dirofilaria immitis (Spirurida: Onchocercidae)." Scholarly Commons, 2018. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3543.

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Dirofilaria immitis, commonly known as dog heartworm, is a dangerous filarial nematode that is transmitted by a mosquito vector. Although this parasite is historically localized to regions closer to the equator, the last few decades have experienced an increase in the amount of dog heartworm cases in Northern California, most notably in Lake and San Joaquin Counties. The primary vector of D. immitis in Northern California is Aedes sierrensis, but it is not prevalent enough in some counties to explain the increase in infections. Because of this, more prevalent and abundant species should be

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BARBOSA, Marco Antônio Granja. "Avaliação clínica, hematológica e bioquímica sérica de cães inoculados experimentalmente, por via intravenosa com extrato bruto de Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856)." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2004. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/5777.

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Submitted by (edna.saturno@ufrpe.br) on 2016-10-19T17:36:44Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Antonio Granja Barbosa.pdf: 251854 bytes, checksum: 0a11e9c0c9eb675917e79b17a0de1714 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-10-19T17:36:44Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Marco Antonio Granja Barbosa.pdf: 251854 bytes, checksum: 0a11e9c0c9eb675917e79b17a0de1714 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2004-02-07 Studies were performed in two groups of mixed-breed male dogs containing six (Experimental Group) and two (Control Group) animals which were administered IV a crude, whole-body extract of female heartworms

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Freitas, Sónia Melissa Fernandes de. "Abordagem à dirofilariose cardiopulmonar canina na região da Madeira." Bachelor's thesis, Escola Superior Agrária de Elvas, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/36570.

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Este relatório refere-se ao estágio final do curso de enfermagem veterinária, realizado no Hospital Veterinário da Madeira, com duração total de 7 semanas devido às contingências provocadas pelo Coronavirus Disease 2019 (Covid-19). O objetivo foi consolidar os conhecimentos adquiridos nos 3 anos do curso e pô-los em prática, em especial na área de parasitologia onde se insere a dirofilariose, doença endémica na região. Durante o tempo de estágio, a aluna teve a oportunidade de trabalhar em várias áreas, destacando o internamento, onde passou a maior parte do tempo, assim como o l

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COSTA, Lorena Adão Vescovi Séllos. "Avaliação e caracterização das alterações do trato respiratório caudal de cães com infecção natural por Dirofilaria immitis (Leidy, 1856) por meio de tomografia computadorizada." Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, 2016. http://www.tede2.ufrpe.br:8080/tede2/handle/tede2/4737.

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Submitted by Mario BC (mario@bc.ufrpe.br) on 2016-06-15T12:42:03Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Lorena Adao Vescovi Sellos Costa.pdf: 1088156 bytes, checksum: b47a8ec22863f3dbd59c57bb1699875b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-15T12:42:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Lorena Adao Vescovi Sellos Costa.pdf: 1088156 bytes, checksum: b47a8ec22863f3dbd59c57bb1699875b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-02-04 The main clinical signs of heartworm disease in dogs are characterized by respiratory manifestations which are associated to signs such as dry cough, exercise intolerance, tachypnea, hemop

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Kurosaka, Jeffrey Allan. "Vector Competence of Aedes sierrensis and Culex pipiens complex (Diptera: Culicidae) for Dirofilaria immitis (Spirurida: Onchocercidae) in Northern California." Scholarly Commons, 2017. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2979.

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Dirofilaria immitis Leidy (dog heartworm) is a life-threatening parasite transmitted by mosquitoes to domestic dogs. Endemic in the eastern United States, cases have become more prevalent over the last few decades. While prevalence in California is generally low, Lake and San Joaquin Counties have reported rates comparable to the East Coast at 3.73% and 0.71%(CAPC 2017), respectively. Aedes sierrensis is thought to be responsible for transmission in California, but in some cases, it exists in inadequate quantities and temporal ranges to explain parasite activity. Based on Huang et al. (2013) a

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Sun, Hui-Ju, and 孫蕙如. "Clinical Application of Speckle-Tracking Echocardiography in Dogs Affected with Heartworm Disease." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/82719041498550784809.

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碩士 國立臺灣大學 臨床動物醫學研究所 99 Canine heartworm disease (HWD) is caused by the parasite Dirofilaria immitis. Presence of adult worms in pulmonary arteries may cause pulmonary hypertension (PH), induce myocardial fluid imbalance and remodeling of interstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) of myocardium. Interstitial edema formation in the myocardium may lead to systolic and diastolic dysfunction and remodeling of ECM may be associated with processes of both myocardial contraction and relaxation. Left ventricular (LV) deformation, paradoxical ventricular septal motion and abnormal LV diastolic

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Pao, Hai Ni, and 鮑海妮. "A Survey of the Willing of Dogs' Owners for Canine Heartworm Disease Medical Treatment in Quarantine and Patient Dogs." Thesis, 2003. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/38838282728388844618.

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碩士 國立臺灣大學 獸醫學研究所 91 In view of the willing of owners for dogs’ health and medical care is increasing. But in Taiwan, the canine heartworm disease (CHWD) is still an epidemic disease which is harmful and preventable. Compared with some countries-Europe and America, the CHWD epidemic rate is still high. Probably the owners’ willing for the CHWD disease medical treatment in Taiwan is lower than other countries. The research was designed to analysis three groups. First group, comparing with the willing to treat the CHWD in two groups of owners during quarantine pe

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Книги з теми "Heartworm in dogs"

Heartworm, Symposium (1989 Charleston South Carolina). Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium '89: Charleston, South Caroline, March 17-19, 1989. American Heartworm Society, 1989.

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Hitt, Mark Edward. Hepatocellular cytoprotection against the pathobiologic effects of thiacetarsamine in vitro and in vivo using N-acetyl-L-cysteine. National Library of Canada, 1992.

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Hitt, Mark Edward. Hepatocellular cytoprotection against the pathobiologic effects of thiacetarsamine in vitro and in vivo using N-acetyl-L-cysteine. University of Prince Edward Island, 1992.

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L, Boreham Peter F., and Atwell Richard B, eds. Dirofilariasis. CRC Press, 1988.

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Heartworm disease in dogs and cats. Saunders, 1986.

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The effects of heartworm infection and beta blockade on submaximal, graded exercise on dogs. 1988.

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The effects of heartworm infection and beta blockade on submaximal, graded exercise in dogs. 1986.

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The effects of heartworm infection and beta blockade on submaximal, graded exercise in dogs. 1988.

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The effects of heartworm infection and beta blockade on submaximal, graded exercise in dogs. 1988.

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Частини книг з теми "Heartworm in dogs"

Cumming, Jeffrey M., Bradley J. Sinclair, Charles A. Triplehorn, et al. "Dog Heartworm." In Encyclopedia of Entomology. Springer Netherlands, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-6359-6_964.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Heartworms: Treatment of Dogs." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-43978-4_5040.

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Mehlhorn, Heinz. "Heartworms: Treatment of Dogs." In Encyclopedia of Parasitology. Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27769-6_5040-1.

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KNIGHT, D. "Heartworm Infection." In Textbook of Respiratory Disease in Dogs and Cats. Elsevier, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-7216-8706-3.50074-8.

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Gutierrez, Yezid. "Spirurida-Filariae Of The Lungs, Brain, And Eyes." In Diagnostic Pathology of Parasitic Infections with Clinical Correlations. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195121438.003.0021.

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Abstract The adults of Dirofilaria immitis occur in the pulmonary arteries of dogs, their natural hosts, and ectopically in other blood vessels. The adults of Meningonema peruzzi are parasites of the brain stem of primates and humans. In addition, both immature and adult filarial worms of humans and animals can occur in the eye of humans. The filariae in these locations are the subject of this chapter. The manifestations and the lesions produced by microfilariae of lymphatic filariae in the lungs (tropical eosinophilia, Chapter 19), the brain (Loaloa, Chapter 20), and the eye (Onchocerca volvu

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Platzer, Edward G. "Dog Heartworm." In Encyclopedia of Insects. Elsevier, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-374144-8.00087-4.

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Nelson, C. Thomas. "Heartworm and Related Nematodes." In Greene's Infectious Diseases of the Dog and Cat. Elsevier, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-323-50934-3.00111-7.

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Rosenow, Edward C. "Pulmonary Infections." In Mayo Clinic Challenging Images for Pulmonary Board Review. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199756926.003.0091.

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• Dog heartworm—Dirofilaria immitis • Canine dirofilariasis reported from every state • Humans are end-stage host • Asymptomatic to nonspecific symptoms • 83-year-old man • Smoker • Mild dyspnea on exertion • CXR 11 months previously did not show SPN, in retrospect • No clubbing...

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"This will be discussed later. Two species, Mansonia uniformis and Mansonia septempunctata, which breed in association with macrophytes such as water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes, became less common from stage 1 to 2. The saltmarsh species Aedes vigilax was also collected in reasonable numbers at all localities around the reservoir. This species is known for its wide dispersal powers and was undoubtedly blown in from the extensive intertidal wetlands on the coast. Thus on the basis of abundance, two taxa – Culex annulirostris and Anopheles annulipes s.1. – warranted further consideration. The former species is considered to be the major vector of arboviruses in Australia (Russell 1995), transmitting Ross River, Barmah Forest, Kunjin, Kokobera, Alfuy and Edge Hill viruses and Murray Valley encephalitis, as well as dog heartworm. Of these, Ross River is by far the most common arbovirus in coastal northern Queensland, with morbidity approximating 400 cases per 100,000 population. Thus from first principles, this arbovirus and perhaps Barmah Forest, about which little is known, would constitute the greatest hazard to recreational use. Although Anopheles annulipes has previously been implicated in malaria transmission at Sellheim during the Second World War, this species group has returned isolated positives of Ross River and Barmah Forest viruses and Murray Valley encephalitis from other parts of Australia. However, no transmission studies have been done on the population from the reservoir. Thus on the evidence to date, it could not be regarded as a major concern at the Ross River dam. Both Culex annulirostris and Anopheles annulipes were shown to have seasonal peaks of abundance during the late post-wet season (March to May), with populations building up with the onset of spring (September to October). Spatially, the trapping programme was designed to compare mosquito numbers on the foreshore of the stage 1 lake with two localities expected to be on the margins of the stage 2A lake, with two remote localities (and therefore theoretically unaffected by any water resource project activity) as negative controls. Mosquito numbers (i.e. for those species known to breed at the dam) decreased with distance away from the Ross River dam. Both light trapping and human bait collections carried out twice per month were reasonable indicators of broad seasonal trends in mosquito abundance. However, the statistical analysis indicated that occasionally the light traps could miss short periods of high biting activity (Jones et al. 1991). If greater resolution was required, it was recommended that light traps could be supplemented with animal baited traps, although it is probable that this could be rectified by intensifying the light trapping regimen. Cluster analyses of dam breeding species in both 1984–85 and 1991–93 indicated that light trap catches along the northern (Big Bay, Ti-Tree Bay, Round Island) and western sides (Ross River) gave similar patterns, but the profile towards the east (Antill Creek, Toonpan, Oak Valley) was somewhat different (Barker-Hudson et al. 1993; Hearnden and Kay 1995). On this basis, adult mosquito surveillance would therefore need to be based on two localities at either end of the lake." In Water Resources. CRC Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203027851-31.

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Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Heartworm in dogs"

Mahapatra, Sushil Kumar, Sumant Kumar Mohapatra, Sukant Kumar Behera, and Subhashree Ray. "Heartworm tracking using FGMP algorithm in dogs intestine." In 2015 IEEE International Conference on Computer Graphics, Vision and Information Security (CGVIS). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/cgvis.2015.7449905.

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Kaufman, Phil. "Infectivity and importance of Florida vectors in dog heartworm transmission." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.93395.

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Holderman, Chris J. "Mosquito attraction and semiochemical analysis for mosquito vectors of dog heartworm." In 2016 International Congress of Entomology. Entomological Society of America, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1603/ice.2016.94295.

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Correia, Darleide, Esdras Gueiros, Wagner Santos, Abraham Rocha, and Leucio Alves. "Evaluation of a Wuchereria bancrofti recombinant antigen for the capture antibody diagnosis of dog heartworm." In International Symposium on Immunobiologicals. Instituto de Tecnologia em Imunobiológicos, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35259/isi.2022_52182.

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