Статті в журналах: "Heating plate"

1

Shin, Jong Gye, and Cheol Ho Ryu. "Nonlinear Kinematic Analysis of the Deformation of Plates for Ship Hull Fabrication." Journal of Ship Research 44, no. 04 (December 1, 2000): 270–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2000.44.4.270.

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Curved plates in a ship's hull are fabricated by mechanical or thermal processes, such as roller bending and line heating methods. The formation of curved plates is a process in which, from the point of view of mechanics, permanent bending and/or in-plane strains are applied to flat plates. Only bending strains are applied to single curvature shells, while in-plane strains, in addition to bending strains, need to be applied in order to form double curvature shells. In-plane strains, however, are known to be small and, thus, can be neglected. The mechanics of plate bending is different from the production of plate bending. In the mechanics of plate bending, an initial configuration of a plate is given, along with boundary and loading conditions. The deformed shape can then be calculated. In the production of plate bending, however, only the final deformation shape is given and the initial configuration is unknown. Loading conditions must also be determined. This paper presents rigorous formulations of a kinematic problem for the production of plate bending. Nonlinear kinematic analysis with and without initial imperfections is employed in order to include in-plane strains. An algorithm is suggested to determine an initial configuration from given surface data. Numerical examples show that the in-plane strain must not be negligible and, rather, plays an important role in the determination of heating paths in the line heating method.

2

Tran, Thai Gia, and Viet T. Doan. "A new approach to determining heating parameters suitable for hull plate forming by torch line heating." Journal of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 18, no. 2 (December 31, 2021): 109–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jname.v18i2.51412.

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In shipbuilding, the process of forming flat metal plate into curved hull plates with compound shapes is very important and has greatly affected many economic and technical factors such as strength, quality, and aesthetics of the hull, construction cost and time, etc. Currently, the forming method of curved hull plates by line heating is used effectively and commonly in many shipyards, however, its main problem is very difficult to determine where and how much to heat on the flat metal plate to obtain the plate of a certain shape. In this article, a finite element model is established and adjusted based on the actual data to numerical simulate the process of forming hull plates by using flame torch line heating. Base on this, the suitable position and temperature for the heating lines in the forming process are determined to form a metal plate into hull plates with the exact desired shapes. This research has been applied for forming by torch line heating of two plates, denoted K1 and K10, in the bulb bow of a 20,000 DWT cargo ship, built at Camranh Shipyard in Vietnam with the deformation deviations between the actual and desired plate surfaces are within ± 3%.

3

Taler, D., and J. Taler. "Optimum heating of thick plate." International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer 52, no. 9-10 (April 2009): 2335–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2008.11.009.

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4

Miroshnichenko, V. G., and V. N. Syrovatka. "Dimensional analysis of plate heating." Russian Engineering Research 32, no. 5-6 (May 2012): 513–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3103/s1068798x12050140.

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5

Wang, Ji, Yujun Liu, Zhuoshang Ji, Yanping Deng, and Jun Zhang. "Automatic Line-Heating Process for Forming the Double-Curved Shell Plates." Journal of Ship Production 25, no. 01 (February 1, 2009): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2009.25.1.7.

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An automatic line-heating process for the double-curved shell plates is introduced. This process contains four subprocesses: calculating the heating information based on shell development and analysis of primary technological parameters, which is named as prediction system of heating information; heating the plate by an automated line-heating machine according to the calculated heating information; measuring and inspecting the plate surface to determine whether it matches the designed surface; and calculating the reheating information for the deformed plate and reheating the plate automatically until the designed shape is achieved. Therefore, an iterative loop system of an automated line-heating process can be developed based on the integration of these four components.

6

Zhang, Xue-biao, Yu-long Yang, and Yu-jun Liu. "The Numerical Analysis of Temperature Field During Moveable Induction Heating of Steel Plate." Journal of Ship Production and Design 28, no. 02 (May 1, 2012): 73–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jspd.2012.28.2.73.

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In shipyards, hull curved plate formation is an important stage with respect to productivity and accuracy control of curved plates. Because the power and its distribution of induction heat source are easier to control and reproduce, induction heating is expected to be applied in the line heating process. This paper studies the moveable induction heating process of steel plate and develops a numerical model of electromagneticthermal coupling analysis and the numerical results consistent with the experimental results. The numerical model is used to analyze the temperature changing rules and the influences on plate temperature field of heating speed of moveable induction heating of steel plate, and the following conclusions are drawn. First, the process of moveable induction heating of steel plate can be divided into three phases of initial state, quasi-steady state, and end state. The temperature difference between the top and bottom surfaces of the steel plate at the initial state is the biggest; it remains unchanged at the quasi-steady state and it is the smallest at the end state. Second, obvious end effect occurs when the edges of the steel plate are heated by the inductor, which causes a decrease in temperature difference between the top and bottom surfaces of the steel plate that is unfavorable for formation of pillow shape plates. Third, with the increase of heating speed, the temperature difference between the top and bottom surfaces of the steel plate increases gradually.

7

Zhang, Xuebiao, Cheng Chen, Jiaqin Li, and Yujun Liu. "The Numerical Study of Steel Plate Forming by Moveable Induction Heating Considering the Plate Edge Shrinkage." Journal of Ship Production and Design 33, no. 02 (May 1, 2017): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jspd.2017.33.2.166.

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In this article, the line heating forming technology by using the moveable induction heating is used to form a concave-type plate. In shipyard, it is necessary to get a bigger contraction deformation at the plate edge for the concave plate. However, the heat input of the metal near the plate edge is less than that of the internal metal along the heating line due to the decrease of heat power near the plate edge, thus causing smaller transverse shrinkage of the plate edge. To solve this problem, the paper investigates the suitable heating way of the inductor for the concave plate forming. An electromagnetic coupling finite element model is built to simulate the moveable induction heating process and reveal different heating and forming characteristic of different inductor heating ways. The simulation results are verified by experiments data. Research results showed that the heating way by which the inductor moves out of plate edge is an effective heating technology which meets the forming requirement of the concave plate.

8

Jang, Chang-Doo, Ho-Kyung Kim, and Yun-Sok Ha. "Prediction of Plate Bending by High-Frequency Induction Heating." Journal of Ship Production 18, no. 04 (November 1, 2002): 226–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2002.18.4.226.

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In this study, we developed an analysis method of plate forming by induction heating and verified the effectiveness of the present method through a series of experiments. The phenomena of induction heating is a 3-D transient problem coupled with electromagnetic, heat transfer, and elastoplastic large-deformation analyses. To solve the problem, we suggest a proper model and an integrated system. Using the present analysis model, we can estimate the plate deformation in heating without experiments and simulate the plate bending process of induction heating. A series of induction heating experiments was carried out with various heating conditions such as plate thickness, heat speed, and input power. We measured the transient thermal distribution and final configuration of the plates, and acquired useful data to identify the characteristics of the high-frequency induction heating and for comparison with the analysis results.

9

Chang, Lichun, Yao Zhao, Hua Yuan, Xiaocai Hu, Zhen Yang, and Hao Zhang. "Effect of Plate Curvature on Heat Source Distribution in Induction Line Heating for Plate Forming." Applied Sciences 10, no. 7 (March 27, 2020): 2304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10072304.

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Line heating is an essential process in the formation of ship hull plates with a complex curvature. Electromagnetic induction heating is widely used in the line heating process. In electromagnetic induction heating, the shape of the coil and the air gap between the inductor and workpiece could influence the heat source distribution. Moreover, in the line heating process, the change of curvature of the plate will cause a change of the air gap of the inductor. Magnetic thermal coupling calculation is an effective method for simulating induction heating. This paper used the finite element method to calculate the distribution of heat sources in different initial plate curvatures and coil widths. The changes in heat source distribution and its laws were investigated. The results show that when the coil width is less than 100 mm, the effect of plate curvature on heat source distribution and strain distribution is not apparent; when the coil width is greater than 100 mm, the plate curvature has a visible effect on the heat generation distribution. In the case of a curvature increasing from 0 to 1 and a coil width equal to 220 mm, the Joule heat generation in the center of the heating area is reduced by up to 21%.

10

Paquet, Luc, Raouf El Cheikh, Dominique Lochegnies, and Norbert Siedow. "Radiative Heating of a Glass Plate." MathematicS In Action 5, no. 1 (2012): 1–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.5802/msia.6.

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11

Wang, Shun, Jinliang Dai, Ji Wang, Rui Li, Jiayan Wang, and Zhikang Xu. "Numerical Calculation of High-Strength-Steel Saddle Plate Forming Suitable for Lightweight Construction of Ships." Materials 16, no. 10 (May 19, 2023): 3848. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16103848.

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With the demand for construction of lightweight ships and polar ships, high-strength steel is increasingly applied in shipbuilding. There are a large number of complex curved plates to be processed in ship construction. The main method for forming a complex curved plate is line heating. A saddle plate is an important type of double-curved plate, which affects the resistance performance of the ship. The existing research on high-strength-steel saddle plates is lacking. To solve the problem of forming for high-strength-steel saddle plates, the numerical calculation of line heating for a EH36 steel saddle plate was studied. By combining it with a line heating experiment of low-carbon-steel saddle plates, the feasibility of numerical calculation based on the thermal elastic–plastic theory for high-strength-steel saddle plates was verified. Under the premise that the processing conditions such as the material parameters, heat transfer parameters, and the constraint mode of the plate were correctly designed, the effects of the influencing factors on deformation of the saddle plate could be studied by the numerical calculation method. The numerical calculation model of line heating for high-strength-steel saddle plates was established, and the effects of geometric parameters and forming parameters on shrinkage and deflection were studied. This research can provide ideas for the lightweight construction of ships and provide data support for automatic processing of curved plates. It can also provide inspiration for curved plate forming in fields such as aerospace manufacturing, the automotive industry, and architecture.

12

Billy, Anak Sup, Tanti Zanariah Shamshir Ali, Mohd Farid Zainudin, and Abu Bakar Rosli. "Experimental Study of Water Heating Efficiency between Aluminium and Copper Absorber Plate in Solar Flat Plate Collector." Applied Mechanics and Materials 660 (October 2014): 709–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.660.709.

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Solar water heating using flat plate collector (FPC) is the widest application that had been used in residential and commercial area. The material for the absorber plate in FPC should have good thermal conductivity to ensure a high value for the heat removal yet able to store heat slightly high during minimum solar radiation period. An experimental of FPC water heating is conducted using copper and aluminium as absorber plate. The plates were exposed under intense sun radiation more than 800w/m2. The analysis is performed on the relationship between the material and the temperature difference of water. The results represented the heat gain and water heating efficiency between aluminium and copper. Aluminium had heat gain of 1100.69W. Copper had the heat gain of 1025.36W. The water heating efficiency calculated for aluminum is 0.97 while copper is 0.93. The paper finally justified that aluminium is better as the absorber plate in this flat plate solar collector compare to copper plate.

13

Xuebiao, Zhang, Ji Zhuoshang, and Liu Yujun. "Curvature Analysis Method for Ship-Hull Plate Forming." Journal of Ship Production 21, no. 02 (May 1, 2005): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2005.21.2.65.

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Ship-hull plate forming by line heating requires hard and skillful labor. Initially, the plate is curved in one direction by rolling. Then, the curved plate is transported to the line-heating workshop to obtain the required shrinkage. However, this two-step forming leads to a series of problems. This paper presents a method to change the two-step forming into line-heating forming by using curvature analysis. The principal curvatures of the formed plate can be calculated directly from the offset data. The principal curvature distribution provides information on the deformation distribution and the heating lines. Heating along a line will result in a uniform bending angular deformation. A numerical method to determine the heating lines to produce the required bending angle is presented. This kind of heating line does not require adjustment of parameters in line heating. It would benefit temperature control and facilitate plate forming automatically.

14

Zhu, Hu, and Xiao Guang Yang. "Heating Path Generation and Simulation for Ship Plate Steel." Advanced Materials Research 421 (December 2011): 250–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.421.250.

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To lay the foundation of the automation for line heating forming, a method for heating path generation and simulation for ship plate steel base on STL mode was proposed in this paper. The line heating path was generated by slicing the STL model of the steel plate using a series of planes, and the models of the heating equipment of ship plate steel were build, and the heating process of ship plate steel can be simulated by inputting the models of the heating equipment into the simulation system that was built by using VC++ and OpenGL. The case study shows that the method can primely solve the inconvenient of manual heating and the whole heating process can be observed by the simulation so that the heating process can be made a reasonable monitoring, and the heating path generation and simulation software are runs stably and reliably.

15

Pardi, Pardi, Romadhoni Romadhoni, and Budhi Santoso. "Analisa Pembengkokan Pelat dengan Metode Line Heating." Science, and Physics Education Journal (SPEJ) 3, no. 2 (June 29, 2020): 91–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/spej.v3i2.1297.

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One method of bending the plates in hull construction can be done either by conventional or by line heating method. The method of line heating has several advantages, such as lesser initial investment and can be used for three dimension form. This research is focused to obtain the relation between the parameter in line heating process and the conceited of plate curve that produced. With the aim of the curvature of structural changes caused by the heat given during the plate bending process it can be seen for the shipbuilding fabrication process. From the results of this study obtained data on line heating conditions on plates with a thickness of 10 mm (plates A and B) obtained the maximum curvature height is 11.1 mm at a heating speed of 8 mm / s and a heating temperature of 3850 C. Furthermore, the amount of heat input that is applied to material 3327.47 Joules / sec and due to efficiency at 1697,001 Joules / sec. Keyword: Line Heating Method, Line Heating Parameter, Curve Heights

16

Zhang, Ji Xiang, Guo Yin An, Zheng Jun Li, and Zhi Xiang Wang. "High-Frequency Inducting Plate Bending Forming with Gravity on Different Thickness Ship Plate." Advanced Materials Research 510 (April 2012): 406–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.510.406.

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In this article, a FEM model of high-frequency induction bending with gravity is established and with which the heated temperature, stress, deformation, residual stress and bending angle after cooling, etc are studied on different thickness ship plate. The results show that the steel plate can be heated to 860 above the austenitic temperature. Heating temperature is gradually decreased as the thickness increase, while there is a fluctuation in the late. As the plate thickness increases, in mm, the bending angle of the plate gradually decreases, and gradually increases in 8mm14mm, and then decreases in the late. Under the given heating conditions, thin plate and the mm thick plate have the best result of deformation. The stress in heat area reaches to the yield stress of Q345, and promotes plastic deformation due to the role of heating temperature gradient and gravity. When the plate has cooled, the residual stress is mainly concentrated at the bottom of the coil.

17

Kozlov, P. V., and V. M. Lelevkin. "Steady microwave heating of a ceramic plate." High Temperature 45, no. 4 (August 2007): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0018151x07040165.

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18

Miyamura, Daiki, Toshimasa Haneyoshi, Hideo Tomita, and Nobuo Takahashi. "Iron hot cooking plate using induction heating." Journal of the Japan Institute of Power Electronics 40 (2014): 160–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5416/jipe.40.160.

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19

Motovilovets, I. A. "Stability of a plate with local heating." International Applied Mechanics 32, no. 9 (September 1996): 719–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02083638.

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20

Biswas, Pankaj, N. R. Mandal, and O. P. Sha. "A Study on Generation of Compound Curved Surfaces by Line Heating Using Oxyacetylene Gas Flame." Journal of Ship Production 24, no. 04 (November 1, 2008): 180–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2008.24.4.180.

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In shipbuilding, one of the most tedious and human skill dependent operations is plate forming for producing compound curved plates. Line heating can be gainfully applied for fabrication of such plates. The surface properties of these compound curved plates have a significant effect on the line heating process. For generation of the heating line pattern to achieve the target surface, the surface properties are required. The strain distribution of a curved surface needs to be evaluated to determine the extent of line heating. In this present work, a suitable program has been developed to determine the surface properties (i.e., generation of required grid points, Gauss curvature, principal curvatures, and their directions) and the heating line pattern by using B-spline surface theory. For getting the initial template (blank) and strain distribution over the plate, a numerical technique and an optimized strain field distribution approach based on minimization of total strain energy has been used. The theoretically generated surfaces compared fairly well with the experimentally produced compound curved surfaces using the numerically obtained line heating patterns.

21

Cui, Ming Hui, Xin Wang, and Ji Liang Liu. "The Analysis of Plate Heat Exchanger in Central Heating Regulation of Indirect Connection Hot Water Heating System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 584-586 (July 2014): 728–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.584-586.728.

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Plate heat exchanger with unique advantages become dominant heat exchange equipment in heating engineering. But there is no heating regulation formula of plate exchanger applying in indirect connection hot water heating central heating regulation. This paper analysis the condition that the heating user’s system adopts quality regulation method and the hot water network system adopts quality-flow regulation method, obtain the regulation formulas of plate exchanger applying in indirect connection hot water heating central heating regulation, provides reliable theory basis on the operation regulation, energy –saving testing, etc. for indirect connection central heating system.

22

Zhao, Ziwei, Hua Yuan, Yao Zhao, and Fanglin Zeng. "Processing-Scheme Design for Forming Curved Ship Plate and Analysis of Calculation Cases." Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, no. 10 (October 3, 2022): 1418. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101418.

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The forming process of curved ship plate suffers from a low degree of automation, mainly due to the lack of an effective processing-scheme design method. In this paper, based on the proposed concept of the “basic amount of forming plasticity”, which can connect the plastic strain induced by the line heating and the deformation to form the target shape, a database is firstly established to describe the plastic strain provided by the heating coil with specific processing parameters, considering the effect of the plate boundary and adjacent heating lines. Secondly, a finite element method is developed and presented to calculate the plastic strain needed to form the target shape. Finally, a processing-scheme design method for forming the curved ship plate is verified by the case study of three typical types of shape: sail-type plates, saddle-type plates, and curved plates with torsion. The verification result shows the processing-scheme design method can provide helpful guidance for the practical forming process in shipyards.

23

Moshaiov, A., and R. Latorre. "Temperature Distribution During Plate Bending by Torch Flame Heating." Journal of Ship Research 29, no. 01 (March 1, 1985): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1985.29.1.1.

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The flame bending of metal hull plates involves a complex thermoplastic process. In order to investigate the thermoplastic behavior it is first necessary to determine the time-varying temperature field in the plate. In this paper the temperature distribution during flame bending of a plate is studied using a distributed heat source moving along the plate surface at a constant speed. The temperature distribution is determined by the numerical solution of the partial differential equation describing the heat conduction in the plate as the distributed heat source passes. The equation is solved using the finite-element program ADINAT in the transient analysis mode. A number of results are presented to illustrate the transient behavior of the temperature near the plate edge as well as the quasi-steady-state temperature distribution. The results are shown to be in qualitative agreement with published experimental data. Additional studies are presented to clarify the influence on the temperature distribution from different material parameters, torch parameters and plate thicknesses. The point heat source expression was modified following Iwasaki's approach [4]. The temperature distribution calculated from this modified expression is shown to be in agreement with the numerical results.

24

Nguyen, Truong Thinh. "Forming Complicated Surface in Shipyard Using Neural Network System." Advanced Materials Research 566 (September 2012): 470–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.566.470.

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Determining the positions of triangle heating in and parameters of heating process are important for deforming the concave surfaces in shipyard, as well as airplane. The objective of this study was to develop an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict positions of induction heating and parameters of heating process based on analytical solutions. This model of ANN can help manufacturers determine the positions of induction heating lines and their heating parameters to form a desired shape of plate. The backpropagation neural network systems for determining line-heating positions from object shape of plate are presented in this paper. An artificial neural network model is developed with the relationship between the desired shape of plate and the paths of induction heating. The input data are vertical displacements of plate and the output data are selected heating lines composed by the areas. The outputs of the models were positions of induction heating on plate as well as their parameters. Simulated values obtained with neural network correspond closely to the experimental results.

25

Ishiyama, Morinobu, and Yoshihiko Tango. "Advanced Line-Heating Process for Hull-Steel Assembly." Journal of Ship Production 16, no. 02 (May 1, 2000): 121–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2000.16.2.121.

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Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. (IHI) has successfully employed the logic of the Finite Element Method on the principle of Thermal Forming or Line Heating, which facilitates use of computer aided, fully automated line heating machines for forming any curvature precisely and efficiently on a hull steel plate in the shipbuilding process. It is undesirable for the future in line heating that only an experienced technician is able to be skilled in the use of existing line heating f1 or steel plate forming. Accuracy of shape formed by existing line heating is not necessarily well controlled and work at succeeding stages is adversely affected by inaccurate interim products, though it is a very useful method informing steel plates and all apparatus required for line heating is just light tools. The IHI-Advanced Line-heating Process for Hull-steel Assembly (IHI-ALPHA) has succeeded in solving these problems.

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Liu, Yujun, Zhuoshang Ji, Yanping Deng, Jun Zhang, and Ji Wang. "Efficient Algorithms for Inspection and Reforming of Double-Curved Plates in Line-Heating Process." Journal of Ship Production 22, no. 03 (August 1, 2006): 184–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.2006.22.3.184.

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Line heating is an effective and economical method for forming metal plates into three-dimensional shaped plates for ships, trains, and airplanes. When a curved plate subject to deformation is formed in line-heating process, the deformed shape is repeatedly inspected and reformed to reach the designed shape. Efficient automatic inspection and reforming processes are essential to enhance productivity in the whole manufacturing process. In this paper, efficient algorithms for inspection and reforming of double-curved plates are introduced. These algorithms have been developed to automatically inspect the transverse and longitudinal shape of plate surfaces and provide technical parameters to reform the unformed plates. The longitudinal shape of the plate surface is examined based on a shell plate development with plastic deformation during the plate formation, and the transverse shape is inspected through error analyses of transverse curvature radiuses. How to use the inspection results to reform unformed plates is discussed. In the end, experiments are performed with comparison to the current industrial plate manufacture, and results show a prospective application of our algorithms to the practical manufacturing of doublecurved plates. The methods presented in this study may play a role in realizing the automation of the entire curved-plate manufacturing process.

27

Ueda, Yukio, Hidekazu Murakawa, Ahmed Mohamed Rashwan, Yasuhisa Okumoto, and Ryoichi Kamichika. "Development of Computer-Aided Process Planning System for Plate Bending by Line Heating (Report 1)—Relation Between Final Form of Plate and Inherent Strain." Journal of Ship Production 10, no. 01 (February 1, 1994): 59–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1994.10.1.59.

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Plate bending by line heating can be considered as a process in which plates are bent to three-dimensional form by the plastic strain caused during the gas heating and water cooling. Therefore, the plan making for this process can be separated into two parts. The first part is to decide what type and how much plastic strain should be applied on which location on the plate. The second part is to find what are the proper heating and cooling conditions to get the desired plastic strain. The authors investigated the relation between the final form of the plate and the plastic strain or the inherent strain to be applied for the plate bending. For this purpose, the finite-element method (FEM) is employed. Based on the knowledge obtained through the analysis, a method to determine the part of the plate to be heated and the magnitude of the required inherent strain is proposed.

28

Nomoto, Toshiharu, Shoji Takechi, Koichiro Shouki, Kazuhiro Aoyama, Makoto Enosawa, and Masao Saitoh. "Development of Simulator for Plate by Line-Heating Considering In-Plane Shrinkage." Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan 1991, no. 170 (1991): 599–607. http://dx.doi.org/10.2534/jjasnaoe1968.1991.170_599.

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29

Cheng, Peng, Yajun Fan, Jie Zhang, Y. Lawrence Yao, David P. Mika, Wenwu Zhang, Michael Graham, Jud Marte, and Marshall Jones. "Laser Forming of Varying Thickness Plate—Part II: Process Synthesis." Journal of Manufacturing Science and Engineering 128, no. 3 (November 12, 2005): 642–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2162912.

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Laser forming (LF) is a non-traditional forming process that does not require hard tooling or external forces and, hence, may dramatically increase process flexibility and reduce the cost of forming. While extensive progress has been made in analyzing and predicting the deformation given a set of process parameters, few attempts have been made to determine the laser scanning paths and laser heat conditions given a desired shape. This paper presents a strain-based strategy for laser forming process design for thin plates with varying thickness, which is utilized in determining the scanning paths and the proper heating conditions. For varying thickness plates, both the in-plane membrane strain and the bending strain need to be accounted for in process design. Compared with uniform thickness plate, the required bending strain varies with not only the shape curvature but also with the plate thickness. The scanning paths are determined by considering the different weight of bending strain and in-plane strain. A thickness-dependent database is established by LF finite element analysis simulation, and the heating conditions are determined by matching the ratio of bending strain to in-plane strain between the required values and the laser forming values found in the database. The approach is validated by numerical simulation and experiments using several typical shapes.

30

Meena, Chandan Swaroop, Sunita Meena та V. K. Bajpai. "Correlation between Absorber Plate Thickness δ and Collector Efficiency Factor Fˈ of Solar Flat-Plate Collector". Applied Mechanics and Materials 592-594 (липень 2014): 2341–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.592-594.2341.

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Solar collectors are the key component of active solar-heating systems. They collect the sun's energy, transform its radiation into heat, and then transfer that heat to a fluid. The solar thermal energy can be used in solar water-heating systems, solar pool heaters, and solar space-heating systems. The configuration of the Flat Plate Collector (FPC) is very important parameter which affects collector performance. The collector efficiency factor is directly affecting the efficiency of the solar flat-plate collector, this collector efficiency factor influenced with few other parameters, i.e. the center to center distance of absorber tubes W and thickness of absorber plate δ and heat loss coefficient UL. This paper focuses on the relation between δ with the collector efficiency factor of serpentine tube solar flat-plate collector. This study shows that if we increase the δ then Fˈ increases.

31

Nguyen, T. T., Y. S. Yang, and Kang-Yul Bae. "Analysis of Bending Deformation in Triangle Heating of Steel Plates with Induction Heating Process Using Laminated Plate Theory." Mechanics Based Design of Structures and Machines 37, no. 2 (May 12, 2009): 228–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15397730902769364.

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32

Scully, Kevin. "Laser Line Heating." Journal of Ship Production 3, no. 04 (November 1, 1987): 237–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1987.3.4.237.

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Many shipyards now employ line-heating processes to form metal by controlled heating and cooling. The benefits of line-heat forming include improved accuracy and productivity. The current line-heating method utilizes an oxyacetylene torch as the heat input. A new forming technique that uses a high-power laser as the heat source is being researched. The feasibility of forming mild-and high-strength steels with a laser heat input is reviewed. The primary incentives for using a laser are the capability to accurately control the forming process; the capability to minimize the material degradation; the capability to form high-strength steels; and the increased compatibility with other advanced manufacturing systems. In summary, by manipulating the laser power, laser beam diameter, and plate travel speed, one may form metal plates to a predetermined shape in a repeatable manner.

33

Lee, Young Hwa. "Prediction of Plate Bending by Multi Divisional Analysis in Induction Heating." Journal of Ship Research 56, no. 03 (September 1, 2012): 146–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2012.56.3.146.

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Induction heating is more efficient for plate bending because of its easy operation and control of working parameters compared with heating by a torch. In this study, a more efficient method was proposed for the prediction of plate bending. The conventional analysis method using the axis symmetric coil model could not handle the varying temperature during the heating and forming process for curved plates with a convex, a concave, or a twisted curvature. The proposed method using some discrete divisions and steps in this study could overcome these difficulties and show more accurate, reasonable results of temperatures and deflections in flat or curved plates. This method is composed of multidisciplinary analyses such as an electro-magnetic analysis, a heat transfer analysis, and a deformation analysis based on inherent strain method and elastic deformation analysis.

34

Toyama, Takeshi, Takuya Ishigaya, and Nobuyuki Nishimiya. "Morphological Control of Magnesium Phosphate Hydrate from a Highly Concentrated Alkaline Earth Metal Phosphate Solution by Microwave Heating." Key Engineering Materials 617 (June 2014): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.617.221.

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A CO2 blowing method was used to obtain a highly concentrated magnesium phosphate solution (47 times more concentrated than conventional solutions). In the present study, we exposed the solution to microwave heating. Fine and uniform spherical particles were obtained by microwave heating at a heating rate of 2030oC·min-1. Conversely, the products formed plate-like particles after a retention time of 5 min with a low heating rate. The spherical particles had a relatively uniform size of 0.51.0 μm and were composed of magnesium phosphate octahydrate, while the plate-like particles were composed of magnesium phosphate pentahydrate. Spherical particles could not be obtained by heating at a gradual heating rate using a hot plate; instead, large and non-uniform plate-like particles were formed. From this result, it is evident that microwave heating enables the production of unusual shaped particles that are not accessible using ordinary heating methods.

35

Yanagiya, Shouhei, Yamato Hayashi, and Hirotsugu Takizawa. "Synthesis and Microstructural Control of In₂O₃(ZnO)₃ Layered Compound by Microwave-Heating." Materials Science Forum 620-622 (April 2009): 85–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.620-622.85.

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In2O3(ZnO)3 layered compound was synthesized by 2.45 GHz microwave heating in a solid state reaction. Microwave-processed samples were obtained at low temperature by the enhancement of solid state diffusion and sublimation of the powder bed. Plate-like grain microstructures formed on the bottom part of the pellet, and vicinity of the surface was dense. The plate-like grain was oriented in the ab-plane direction. Compared with a conventional heated sample, the electrical conductivity increased and the band gap energy decreased. In the case of deposition on a silica substrate by microwave heating, the plate-like grain film was synthesized.

36

Ji, Chen, Yan Li Fan, Gui Shan Liu, Wei Wang, and Rui Ming Luo. "Parameter Optimization of Vacuum Freeze-Drying Processing on Tan Lamb." Applied Mechanics and Materials 513-517 (February 2014): 4281–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.513-517.4281.

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In this paper, the effects of drying chamber pressure, heating plate temperature and material thickness on the drying time of Tan lamb in vacuum freeze-drying process were studied using quadratic regression orthogonal design. The results showed that the drying time was significantly affected by drying chamber pressure, heating plate temperature and material thickness as well as the interaction of heating plate temperature and material thickness. The optimized parameters were drying chamber pressure 27.9 Pa, heating plate temperature 47.9°C and material thickness 4.3 mm. On these parameters, the drying time was 4.3 h.

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Zhang, Xuebiao, Cheng Chen, and Yujun Liu. "Numerical analysis and experimental research of triangle induction heating of the rolled plate." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 231, no. 5 (August 9, 2016): 844–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406215623812.

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In shipyard, triangle heating technology with irregular multi-heating paths and highly concentrated heat input is used to form a curved plate, especially a concave type plate. Compared with line heating process with simple line segment path, its main purpose is to get a bigger contraction deformation at the plate edge. Hence, triangle heating technology is important for most shipyards to increase hull-forming productivity and study the automation. This paper focuses on the moveable triangle induction heating technology. An electromagnetic coupling finite element model is built to simulate the moveable triangle induction heating process and reveal the temperature characteristics and deformation behavior. The results of the simulation are compared with those obtained from experiments and show good agreement. It demonstrates that the numerical model used in this study is effective for simulating triangle heating for the steel plate forming process in shipbuilding. With the numerical model, the paper further investigates the effect of heating parameters on temperature and shrinkage deformation. These are traced here with a modified mechanical model whose results are in accord with the numerical results. This modified model can be applied to predict the edge shrinkage and explain the effect of heating parameters on transverse shrinkage.

38

Jang, Chang Doo, and Sung Choon Moon. "An Algorithm to Determine Heating Lines for Plate Forming by Line Heating Method." Journal of Ship Production 14, no. 04 (November 1, 1998): 238–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsp.1998.14.4.238.

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The line heating method is a popular technique in shipyards to form ship hulls. This paper presents a new algorithm to determine heating lines for the simulation of a line heating process. The important feature of this algorithm is that it calculates the principal curvatures of the deflection difference surface that represents the shape difference between a target surface and a surface in fabrication, and uses a convergence index. Several trials of typical surface types show its usefulness and good practical applicability.

39

Das, Biplab, and Pankaj Biswas. "A Review of Plate Forming by Line Heating." Journal of Ship Production and Design 34, no. 2 (May 1, 2018): 155–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jspd.170003.

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40

Hässig, Marc, Yann Rolland, Thibault Duretz, and Marc Sosson. "Obduction triggered by regional heating during plate reorganization." Terra Nova 28, no. 1 (January 14, 2016): 76–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ter.12193.

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41

Panferov, I. V. "Uniform heating of a locally inhomogeneous elastic plate." Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics 60, no. 1 (January 1996): 153–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0021-8928(96)00020-2.

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42

Turchin, I. N. "Nonstationary end heating of a multilayer semiinfinite plate." Journal of Engineering Physics and Thermophysics 85, no. 6 (November 2012): 1453–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10891-012-0795-6.

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43

Kitamura, Takashi, Shigeru Morito, Sakiko Nakamura, and Katsuyoshi Hoshino. "Direct Plate-making for Lithography by Laser Heating." NIP & Digital Fabrication Conference 18, no. 1 (January 1, 2002): 723–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2352/issn.2169-4451.2002.18.1.art00073_2.

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44

Xuan Hai, Nguyen Dao, and Nguyen Truong Thinh. "Novel Method in Induction Heating for Complex Steel Plate Deformation Based on Artificial Neural Network." Complexity 2022 (September 22, 2022): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3531980.

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The implementation of an artificial neural network for predicting induction heating region locations is proposed in this research. Steel plate deformations during the induction heating process are produced using an analytical solution derived from electromagnetic and plate theory. The plate transform following vertical displacements in each divided area was used as input of neural following desired shape of the steel plate and the specified heating areas for induction treatment as output parameters to predict and evaluate the model. A dataset used 90% for training and remaining 10% for testing to implement on the efficient models when changing hidden layer and its neurons relatively. The trial and error for analyzing and predicting heating-affected regions with the ANNs model reached the high average accuracy and lowest mean square error at 98.08% and 0.00913, respectively. Consequently, the feasibility test indicates that the developed approach may be well utilized to identify the heating positions by grid area in order to achieve the desired plate deformation. Moreover, the analysis of vertical displacement during induction heating and its response behaviour of steel plate based on thermo-mechanical are also addressed.

45

Ohmichi, M., and N. Noda. "Plane Thermal Stresses in a Functionally Graded Plate Subjected to a Partial Heating." Journal of Thermal Stresses 29, no. 12 (November 22, 2006): 1127–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01495730600712683.

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46

Woo, W., Hahn Choo, Donald W. Brown, Bjørn Clausen, Zhi Li Feng, and Peter K. Liaw. "Residual Strain Measurements in a Friction-Stir Processed AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Using Neutron Diffraction." Materials Science Forum 539-543 (March 2007): 3795–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.539-543.3795.

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Residual strain profiles in friction-stir processed (FSP) AZ31B magnesium-alloy plates were measured using neutron diffraction. Two different specimens were prepared to investigate the influences of the tool shoulder and the tool pin on the residual-strain profiles: (Case 1) a plate processed with both the stirring pin and tool shoulder, i.e., a regular FSP plate subjected to both the plastic deformation and frictional heating, and (Case 2) a plate processed only with the tool shoulder, i.e., subjected mainly to the frictional heating. The results show that the strain profiles of both cases are qualitatively quite similar. The longitudinal strain is mainly tensile with its maximum near the bead of the FSP plate. On the other hand, the transverse and normal strains are mildly compressive in both Cases 1 and 2.

47

Lee, Jang Hyun, Kyung Ho Lee, and Jong Sung Yun. "An Electromagnetic and Thermo-Mechanical Analysis of High Frequency Induction Heating for Steel Plate Bending." Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (December 2006): 1283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1283.

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Eddy currents of electromagnetic field leads not only to the local heating of plate but also to the thermal-elasto-plastic deformation in the induction heating. It is necessary to have a simulation model to attract the possibility of induction heating equipment and to study the deformation behavior. The goal of present paper is to investigate the possibility of induction heating equipment for steel plate bending. The residual stress distribution of induction heating is investigated by an electromagnetic analysis in conjunction with thermal-mechanical analysis. A computational model based on FEA is used to study the electromagnetic field and thermalmechanical process. Comparison with the residual strain fields and deformation of both heating shows that the induction heating has good similarity with the gas heating.

48

Zhang, Jian Xin, and Ai Hua Gao. "A Method for Simulation of Microstructure Evolution in 980MPa-ULCB Steels during On-Line Heating Treatment." Advanced Materials Research 214 (February 2011): 472–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.214.472.

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Influence of the off line heating treatment parameter on the microstructure of a high strength steel plate was studied system previously. However, the information about the effect of on-line heating treatment process on ultra-high steel plate, especially on the plate with a tensile strength 980MPa or above, is limited due to the lack of effective method to simulation for the on-line heating treatment process. A method, which is preformed with a thermo-mechanical simulator, simulation the parameter of on-line heating treatment on the microstructure evolution a high strength ULCB steel plate after the accelerated cooling. By means of observation the original microstructure and microstructure morphologies varied with the parameter of the on-line heating treatment process, the present results demonstrate the microstructure characterizations before and after heating treatment process, while also the distribution of M(C, N) particles on lath boundaries or lath interior and the volume fraction and the average size of M/A island.

49

Nguyen, Truong Thinh. "A Study of Transverse Shrinkage and Vertical Displacement in Induction Triangle Heating." Advanced Materials Research 566 (September 2012): 82–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.566.82.

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Deformations including transverse shrinkage and vertical displacement of induction triangle heating play an important role in shipyard. However, the deformations and behaviors of plate after heating are complex, the analysis of this process consumes much time and expensive. The objective of this paper was to develop an analytical solution to determine transverse shrinkage and vertical displacement in induction triangle heating based on laminated plate theory. The plastic region in the analytical solution of the angular deformation and shrinkage of a steel plate is obtained from the thermal analysis of the plate with the heat input calculated from the electro-magnetic analysis of the induction heating process. Calculated values obtained with analytical solution correspond closely to the experimental results.

50

Dong, Hongbao, Yao Zhao, and Hua Yuan. "Effect of Coil Width on Deformed Shape and Processing Efficiency during Ship Hull Forming by Induction Heating." Applied Sciences 8, no. 9 (September 7, 2018): 1585. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app8091585.

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The main hull of a ship is made up of a large number of plates with complex curvatures. Line heating is one of the main approaches used in the forming of a ship hull plate. Because line heating is based on manual heating using a handheld oxyacetylene gun, the typical heating width is extremely narrow. With the development of computer control technology, a newly developed automated plate forming equipment is available and its heat source is typically an electromagnetic induction coil. The temperature field and the induction coil size are correlated. However, investigations into the induction coil size are scarce. In this study, the effect that the induction coil width has on both the forming shape and processing efficiency is investigated via simulation and test. The results show that a moderate expansion of the induction coil width at different input powers has an insignificant impact on forming shapes that is attainable by common line heating. However, as the heating width expands with the expansion of the induction coil width, the number of the processing lines via line heating is reduced which improves the processing efficiency.

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