Готові списки джерел за темами / Income multiplier effect

Зміст

Статті в журналах
Дисертації
Книги
Частини книг
Тези доповідей конференцій
Звіти організацій

Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Income multiplier effect"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 3 червня 2025

Оновлено: 31 липня 2025

Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями

Оберіть тип джерела:

Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Income multiplier effect".

Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.

Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.

Статті в журналах з теми "Income multiplier effect"

Yi, Fujin, Wuyi Lu, and Yingheng Zhou. "Cash transfers and multiplier effect: lessons from the grain subsidy program in China." China Agricultural Economic Review 8, no. 1 (2016): 81–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/caer-07-2015-0078.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the multiplier effects of the grain subsidy program in China, which is a large food self-sufficiency project that is implemented as a cash transfer program. Income multiplier effects have not been empirically examined in the evaluation of the grain subsidy program although increasing the income of farmers is the original goal of this project. Design/methodology/approach – A large number of household-level observations are employed to measure the program’s income multiplier. An unrestricted model was first employed to measure the multipliers in

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Benga, Elita, Juris Hāzners, and Zaiga Miķelsone. "MULTIPLIER EFFECTS OF LATVIAN RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMME 2007-2013." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 15, 2017): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2017vol1.2527.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The core question to be answered in periodic evaluations of EU Member States Rural Development Programme (RDP) specific policy interventions is whether the stated objectives are accomplished by particular intervention (support or „treatment” provided to programme participants). Programme effects should normally be expressed in “net” terms, which means after subtracting the effects that cannot be attributed to the intervention, and by taking into account indirect effects (deadweight, leverage, displacement, substitution and multipliers). The level of the estimation of indirect effects (micro or

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Mishra, Bibhuti Ranjan. "The Size of Fiscal Multipliers in India: A State Level Analysis Using Panel Vector Autoregression Model." Global Business Review 20, no. 6 (2019): 1393–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0972150919848909.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This study attempts to measure the fiscal multipliers in India using the state-level panel dataset of 17 non-special category states for the period 2001–2002 to 2013–2014. The study employs the panel vector autoregression (PVAR) approach with a generalized method of moments (GMM) framework and plots the generalized impulse response function to explore shocks and responses of endogenous variables. The article finds that the effects of fiscal variables on income in longer horizon are greater than the immediate impact. Both in the short run and long run, the multiplier effect of capital outlay on

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Glinskiy, V. V., L. K. Serga, and K. S. Yushina. "The Use of Multipliers in Assessing the Economic Effects of Digital Transformation of Territories (Case Study: Novosibirsk Region)." Voprosy statistiki 31, no. 2 (2024): 52–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.34023/2313-6383-2024-31-2-52-60.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Development of the digital transformation of the state, the economy in general, business and society creates the need to quantify its results and assess the level of impact on the economy. The paper explains a methodological approach to calculating digital economy multipliers for territories based on the calculation of total income (direct and indirect) from digital activity. The multiplier measures the impact of the digital economy on macroeconomic and regional indicators, helps assess the extent of this impact and study its dynamics. The authors calculated digital economy multipliers for the

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Idryshov, M. B., A. A. Apysheva, and K. Zh Sholpanbayeva. "Cross-Industry Analysis of the Hotel and Restaurant Sector’s Contribution to Kazakhstan’s Economy." Economy: strategy and practice 20, no. 1 (2025): 136–53. https://doi.org/10.51176/1997-9967-2025-1-136-153.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Today, tourism and the hospitality industry are playing an increasingly important role in the economy of Kazakhstan, creating multiplier effects and contributing to the development of related industries. The aim of the study is to quantify the impact of final demand for the hotel and restaurant sectors on the economy based on the intersectoral balance model. Annual statistical reports from the Bureau of National Statistics of Kazakhstan were used as initial data, aggregated into 15 broad industries. Methods were used to calculate coefficients of direct and total costs, output multipliers, inco

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Saitkamolov, M., Z. Gaibnazarova, and J. Cowie. "MODERN MODEL FOR ASSESSING THE EFFICIENCY OF INVESTMENTS ATTRACTED IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT." Technical science and innovation 2020, no. 1 (2020): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.51346/tstu-01.20.1-77-0049.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The article analyzes the modern model for evaluating the improvement of investment activity efficiency and provides conclusions on the level of development of the current state of railway transport in the Republic of Uzbekistan. The economic effect of intensive investments is the equivalent of the costs and benefits of the difference between the result and the costs of achieving it. The economic efficiency of intensive investments is defined as the ratio of investment costs to achieving a profitable result (economic effect). The indicators characterizing the economic efficiency of intensive in

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Marpaung, Edward, Shirly Wunas, Muhammad Yamin Jinca, and Langas Denny Siahaan. "Multiplier Effects of Ferry Transportation Development on Indonesia’s Medium-Term Economy by Using Input–Output Approach: A Case Study of Samosir Island." Economies 13, no. 6 (2025): 169. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies13060169.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This research investigates the multiplier effect of ferry transportation development on the medium-term economy of Samosir Island from 2016 to 2022. The study will provide insights into the implications of ferry transportation for the economies of rural or remote regions like Samosir Island. The analysis was conducted by comparing the multiplier effects before and after the development, utilizing the input–output approach, which encompassed the output multiplier, the multiplier on gross value added (GVA), and the household income multiplier. The findings from the input–output analysis indicate

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Rohyani, Indah, Dewi Noorsanti, Siti Nur Azizah, and Sri Wahyuningsih. "ANALISIS DAMPAK EFEK BERGANDA PADA PANTAI SUWUK DI DESA TAMBAK MULYO KECAMATAN PURING KABUPATEN KEBUMEN." Jurnal E-Bis (Ekonomi-Bisnis) 3, no. 1 (2019): 16–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.37339/e-bis.v3i1.114.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Suwuk Beach is one of the leading coastal tourism destinations in Kebumen Regency. In 2018 Suwuk beach is still an attractive destination for tourists with 287,085 tourists. This can bring economic benefits to the people in the Suwuk coastal area. To determine the impact of the economy, the researchers used a multiplier effect formula. The results found in this study are the multipliyer's effect on type I and II, namely Multiplier Effect 2.44, Keynesian Local Income Multiplier 1.2 and Ratio Income Multiplier of 1.6 so that tourism activities have an economic impact on people's income.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Irfan Affandi, Muhammad, Fadhilah Ismi Badai, and I. Wayan Suparta. "Linkages and Multipliers of the Agricultural Sector in the Regional Economy in Tanggamus Regency: Input-Output Analysis." Eduvest - Journal of Universal Studies 3, no. 3 (2023): 594–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.59188/eduvest.v3i3.775.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

One of the regional developments carried out is development in the agricultural sector. Development in agriculture is expected to be a catalyst in achieving the goal of increasing the regional economy. This study aims to analyze the linkages and multipliers of the agricultural sector to the regional economy in Tanggamus Regency. The method used is input-output analysis which consists of linkage analysis, dispersion impact, and output and income multiplier effect. The results of the analysis conclude that the agricultural sector has a linkage to the manufacturing sector in the future; and the t

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Hasan, Muhammad Aqil. "Economic impact of hiking tourism on the Selo route in Mount Merbabu National Park (TNGMb): An estimation of the multiplier effect analysis." Journal of Socio-Cultural Sustainability and Resilience 2, no. 1 (2024): 15–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.61511/jscsr.v2i1.2024.959.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Background: Mount Merbabu is one of the famous natural tourist attractions in Central Java, and it is known for its stunning natural panorama. Climbers who explore Mount Merbabu can enjoy spectacular views of the sunrise, the sea of clouds, and the rows of mountain peaks around it. Tourism activities along the Selo Hiking Trail impact the local community's social and economic aspects, both directly and indirectly. This study aims to identify the social impacts and estimate the economic impact of tourism on the community along the Selo Hiking Trail. Methods: This study uses the Multiplier Eff

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Більше джерел

Дисертації з теми "Income multiplier effect"

Lall, J?nior George Indarsane. "O impacto do pagamento da participa??o sobre a produ??o de petr?leo e g?s natural sobre a renda familiar e a propriedade no Munic?pio de Governador Dix-Sept Rosado no per?odo de 1998 a 2004." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/14059.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Made available in DSpace on 2014-12-17T14:34:38Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 GeorgeILJ.pdf: 3263814 bytes, checksum: 78754f382a1cd83bfd17c24d33c0ba0c (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007-12-18<br>This scientific study deals about the oil and natural gas production participation payment impact in the county of Governador Dix-sept Rosado, Rio Grande do Norte, between 1998 to 2004, applied to family income and property. To do so, this analysis focus on the ricardian?s theory exposition which merges from the concept of the mineral income, in concern to the legal establishment of royalti

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Ntibanyurwa, Agnes. "A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the department of economics, university of the Western Cape." 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3115.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Philosophiae Doctor - PhD<br>The income and employment multiplier effects of tourism- The case of Rwanda. A. NTIBANYURWA PhD Thesis, Department of Economics, University of the Western Cape. The growing popularity of developing countries as tourist destinations in recent years has stimulated a considerable body of research on the developmental benefits inherent in tourism. Developing countries have been attracting tourists mainly due to their natural resource endowments, considered a vital determinant in this newly-found source of their comparative advantage. After accounting for all the expli

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Tsoungui, Belinga Vincent de Paul. "On the dynamic effects of fiscal policy." Thèse, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/13581.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Dans le sillage de la récession mondiale de 2008-09, plusieurs questions ont été soulevées dans la littérature économique sur les effets à court et à long terme de la politique budgétaire sur l’activité économique par rapport à son signe, sa taille et sa durée. Ceux-ci ont des implications importantes pour mieux comprendre les canaux de transmission et l’efficacité des politiques budgétaires, avec la politique monétaire étant poursuivi, ainsi que pour leurs retombées économiques. Cette thèse fait partie de ce regain d’intérêt de la littérature d’examiner comment les changements dans la politiq

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Motzke, Iris Cordula. "Local management and landscape context effects on bee pollination, ant seed predation, and yield in Indonesian homegardens." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-1735-0000-0022-5DDD-7.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Книги з теми "Income multiplier effect"

Roe, Alan, and Jeffery Round. Framework. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817369.003.0023.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This chapter discusses the channels of impact of an extractives activity on an economy by describing the different routes through which the direct economic and social impacts of these activities might be enhanced. These routes include those that often have the highest political profile, namely spending of government revenues. It also discusses other channels that arguably are far more important, such as the direct effects of corporate spend in local supply chains; the immediate ‘multiplier’ effects of this; the further multipliers that follow from significant income growth; the new downstream

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Salazar-Carrillo, Jorge, and Bernadette West. Oil and Development in Venezuela during the 20th Century. Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc., 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9798400692796.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This book advances the theory that a potential leading export sector—in this case, the oil sector—is capable of inducing economic growth even in peripheral countries where the product line is primary in nature. In Venezuela the oil sector has contributed directly and indirectly to the development of the country’s overall economy, particularly from 1936 to 1973, when that sector met the criteria of a leading sector, i.e., one that expands rapidly and obtains a large specific size relative to the economy as a whole. Oil investment in Venezuela contributed to the fiscal sector, the foreign sector

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Menard, Scott, and Herbert C. Covey. Adolescent Exposure to Violence and Adult Outcomes. The Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group, 2021. https://doi.org/10.5040/9781666982947.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This book uses life-course longitudinal data collected from a national probability sample of respondents over a span of nearly three decades to examine the impact of multiple forms of exposure to violence in adolescence on a broad range of outcomes in adulthood. The forms of adolescent exposure to violence include general violence victimization, parental physical abuse, witnessing parental violence, and exposure to neighborhood violence. The adult outcomes include adult educational attainment, employment, marital status, income and wealth, mental health, life satisfaction, illicit and problem

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Keum, NaNa, Mingyang Song, Edward L. Giovannucci, and A. Heather Eliassen. Obesity and Body Composition. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190238667.003.0020.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

In 2014, an estimated 1.9 billion adults worldwide were either overweight (BMI 25–29.9) or obese (BMI ≥30). The so-called obesity epidemic began in high-income, English-speaking countries in the early 1970s, but soon spread globally; more than one-third (38%) of all adults and 600,000 children under age five are overweight or obese, as are two-thirds (69%) of adults in the United States. Excessive body fat is a major cause of type 2 diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular and liver disease, among other disorders, and has been designated a definite cause of at least fourteen cancer sites: breast

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Ågren, Maria, ed. Gender, Work, and the Transition to Modernity in Northwestern Europe, 1720–1880. Oxford University PressOxford, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/9780198934325.001.0001.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract This book shows how and why the division of work between men and women changed in the transition from early modern to modern society. Based on the verb-oriented method and around 19,000 observations of work activities in historical sources, its focus is on a mid-Swedish local society in the period 1720–1880. There were several continuities across this time: both women and men were observed in practically all forms of work, many households (both affluent and destitute) still relied on multiple sources of income, and the marital partnership continued to be important for what women and m

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Частини книг з теми "Income multiplier effect"

Mátyás, Antal. "The Determination of the Equilibrium Level of National Income—The Multiplier Effect." In History of Modern Non-Marxian Economics. Macmillan Education UK, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-18005-9_41.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Hill, Berkeley. "Macroeconomics: the workings of the whole economy." In An introduction to economics: concepts for students of agriculture and the rural sector, 5th ed. CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781800620063.0008.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract As a first step in analysing the workings of the aggregate economy and offering explanations for macroeconomic phenomena, this chapter constructs a simple model of the flow of income within the economy and uses it to explain what determines the level of that flow. The multiplier effect, the level of aggregate demand, the equilibrium level of national income, policies to control unemployment, inflation, the quantity theory of money, economic growth and its costs are then discussed.

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Turnip, Andreas, Isfenti Sadalia, and Rina Bukit. "The Influence of Profitability, Leverage, and Market Value on Income Smoothing in Coal Mining Industries Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022). Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_23.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractThis study aims to analyze the effect of profitability, leverage, and market value on income smoothing in Coal Mining industries listed on IDX. An important information for investors is profit and loss performance. Profit gives a signal that the company’s performance is in a positive trend so that it can provide attractive dividends to investors. Income smoothing is a management effort to reduce the number of reported earnings variations. It is held with the motivation to show the company’s good performance to attract investors. This research method used a quantitative description with

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Sutrisno. "Financing Scheme and Determinant Factors." In Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Management (INSYMA 2022). Atlantis Press International BV, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-008-4_4.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractThis study aims to examine the factors that influence the financing scheme of Islamic Rural Banks (IRBs) in Indonesia. The financing scheme consists of profit margin financing (PMF) and profit-sharing financing (PSF). Factors thought to influence the financing scheme are non-performing financing (NPF), financing to deposit ratio (FDR), capital adequacy ratio (CAR), return on assets (ROA), operating to income ratio (OEIR), and company size (Size). The population in this study was 163 IRBs in Indonesia with a sample of 100 IRBs. The observation period was 4 years, with quarterly data. Hy

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Luciani, Giacomo. "Macroeconomics of the Energy Transition." In The Palgrave Handbook of International Energy Economics. Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-86884-0_25.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractThis chapter attempts at disentangling the multiple contrasting interactions between economic conditions and energy transitions. It goes without saying that the net effect, resulting from the balance of such multiple contrasting interactions, is extremely difficult, or even impossible to predict. It very much depends on the specific characteristics of the economy facing the need to decarbonize, notably its current energy system, rate of growth of energy demand, available energy resources, and opportunities for decarbonization. All of these parameters are extremely variable country by c

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Upton, Joanna, Elizabeth Tennant, Kathryn J. Fiorella, and Christopher B. Barrett. "COVID-19, Household Resilience, and Rural Food Systems: Evidence from Southern and Eastern Africa." In Resilience and Food Security in a Food Systems Context. Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-23535-1_9.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractResilience offers a useful lens for studying how human well-being and agri-food systems absorb and recover from a range of shocks and stressors, including the COVID-19 pandemic. Looking beyond the direct effects of observable shocks to the mechanisms that shape their impacts can guide our understanding of COVID-19 and leverage findings from the pandemic to better understand resilience to future shocks. We develop a conceptual framework for the multiple paths through which observed shocks interact with systemic mechanisms to influence resilience. We illustrate this framework with refere

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Bühlmann, Felix, Katy Morris, Nicolas Sommet, and Leen Vandecasteele. "Vulnerabilities in Local Contexts." In Withstanding Vulnerability throughout Adult Life. Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4567-0_9.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractMeso-level contexts (e.g., neighbourhood or community contexts) have a profound influence on vulnerability trajectories. They may mediate, mitigate, or reinforce the impact of variables such as gender, age or social class. This chapter studies how meso-level economic factors cushion or worsen the negative effects of adverse circumstances on people’s socio-economic trajectories, health outcomes, or political attitudes. This chapter showcases four case studies, which show: (1) that meso-level labour market contexts can alter the size of the penalties associated with low levels of educati

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Traoré, Ousmane Z., and Djénéba Diarra. "Mali." In EADI Global Development Series. Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-58588-3_5.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractThe chapter documents the Malian government’s response to the Covid-19 pandemic and examines inclusiveness and the consideration of social inequalities. Specifically, it aims to assess the socioeconomic impact of the preventive and social protection measures on vulnerable households. Based on an analysis of national survey data from the National Institute of Statistics of Mali and World Bank, qualitative interviews, and secondary literature, we find that the government committed to curbing the spread of the virus, which had multiple effects on different population segments and economic

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Zamasiya, Byron, Kefasi Nyikahadzoi, and Billy Billiard Mukamuri. "Drivers of Level of Adaptation to Climate Change in Smallholder Farming Systems in Southern Africa: A Multilevel Modeling Approach." In African Handbook of Climate Change Adaptation. Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-45106-6_52.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

AbstractClimate change is a major development challenge affecting developing countries that rely on rain-fed agricultural production for food and income. Smallholder farmers in these countries are using multiple adaptation practices to manage the effects of climate change. This chapter examines household and community-level factors that influence smallholder farmers’ level of adaptation to climate change in the Hwedza District in Zimbabwe. Data for this study were collected from 400 randomly selected smallholder farmers, using a structured questionnaire, focus group discussions, and key inform

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Gillespie, Andrew. "Equilibrium in the economy." In Foundations of Economics. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/hebz/9780198806523.003.0020.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This chapter illustrates how equilibrium in the economy is brought about. It explains what the circular flow of income is and lists the conditions necessary for equilibrium in the economy. In macroeconomics, the aggregate, or total, supply and demand for the whole economy is considered. The chapter enumerates the factors that can influence aggregate demand. It discusses the multiplier effect caused by a change in aggregate demand. Moreover, factors that can influence aggregate supply are also discussed. The equilibrium position of an economy can be analysed by considering the planned injection

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Income multiplier effect"

Varsanik, R. G., and D. L. Gibbon. "Morphology and Microchemistry If Denting Corrosion." In CORROSION 1988. NACE International, 1988. https://doi.org/10.5006/c1988-88251.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Abstract Crevice denting, caused by the uncontrolled growth of magnetite in the space between carbon-steel tube support plates and Inconel heat exchange tubes is a major cause of concern in nuclear steam generators. In this work, three corrosion specimens from model boiler systems have been characterized using light and scanning electron microscopy along with both energy and wave length dispersive x-ray spectrophotometry. The destructive examinations of the samples were conducted on both polished sections and on sections fractured in liquid nitrogen to expose uncontaminated interfaces between

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Mikulić, Davor, Damira Keček, and Željko Lovrinčević. "EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC ON TOURISM SECTOR USING INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS: THE CASE OF CROATIA." In Tourism in Southern and Eastern Europe 2021: ToSEE – Smart, Experience, Excellence & ToFEEL – Feelings, Excitement, Education, Leisure. University of Rijeka, Faculty of Tourism and Hospitality Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/tosee.06.29.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Purpose – The purpose of the study is to determine the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on tourism and other economic sectors included in the tourism value chain in Croatia. The evaluation of total effects is important in order to evaluate effectiveness of policy measures introduced by Croatian government. Methodology – The estimation of COVID -19 effects on Croatian economy is based on standard input-output model. The open I-O model quantifies indirect effects generated in the tourism value added chain. Closed I-O model estimates induced effects related to the decrease in the net disposable income

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

DZEMYDAITĖ, Giedrė. "AGRICULTURE’S IMPACT FOR THE ECONOMY: INTER-INDUSTRY LINKAGES AND MULTIPLIER EFFECTS." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.057.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The role of agriculture sector is understood as being vital for economic development and well being of rural areas. Common agriculture policies in the EU and production shocks in agriculture sector reflect in production changes that causes direct and indirect effects for other industries development in the region, as well as, households’ income. This paper aimed to evaluate agriculture sector’s direct and indirect impacts for the economy by analyzing sectoral linkages and multiplier effects. Input-output analysis techniques were applied. Both output and income multipliers were evaluated. This

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

KALINOWSKI, Sławomir, and Barbara KIEŁBASA. "RISK OF POVERTY AND SOCIAL EXCLUSION IN THE EUROPEAN UNION IN THE CONTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.044.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper addresses the poverty risk issues in the context of sustainable development of rural areas. Empirical materials included in this paper are based on EU-SILC (European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions) partial studies, and provide a reference point for comparing the EU income distribution and social integration statistics. Poverty reduction and counteracting social exclusion are among the key Millennium Development Goals. According to studies, one in four inhabitants of EU rural areas is at risk of poverty or social exclusion. While the highest shares of at-risk popula

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

May, Elizabeth, Peng Du, and Victoria Martine. "Environmental Justice: A Case Study into the Heat Vulnerable Neighborhoods of Philadelphia." In 111th ACSA Annual Meeting Proceedings. ACSA Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35483/acsa.am.111.53.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Studies have shown that low-income communities and communities of color are more likely to live in neighborhoods experiencing multiple environmental burdens and disproportionate vulnerability to the impacts of climate change in American cities. The practice of redlining in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania has caused environmental injustice in ways that might not have been obvious at that time however there are neighborhoods that are still affected by this practice. These areas have the lowest median household incomes, lowest life expectancies, and highest population of African American people compar

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Guadalupe-Lanas, Jorge, Jorge Cruz-Cárdenas, Hugo Arias-Flores, and Mireya Zapata. "The Impact of Covid-19 on Students. A Multi-correspondence Analysis." In 13th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1002287.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The present paper has the aim of analyze the effects of Coronavirus disease 2019 on students’ lives. With that objective we carry out a multiple correspondence analysis which seeks to account for the existing structures in the relationships between variables included in that study. It also allows us to look at the relationships from the sublevels of the categories of each variable. The key areas where negative effects on household income have affected students are related to the number of household members receiving income, the type of income the head of household receives, and the amount of m

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Rusu, Ciprian-Daniel. "Reducing inequality as a vector for sustainable development: an analysis of sustainable development objective 10 in the European Union." In International scientific conference "Development Through Research and Innovation" IDSC-2025. Academy of Economic Studies, 2025. https://doi.org/10.53486/dri2025.39.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This study aims to explore the literature on the realization of Goal 10, "Reduced inequality" of Agenda 30, and the extent to which reducing inequality contributes to sustainable development in 27 countries in Europe. The methodology used to achieve the proposed goal consists of observation, comparison, scientific reading. Multiple regression method was used to analyze the statistical data. It was determined that the independent variable is the GINI coefficient. For a rigorous substantiation, the study is supported in parallel by Pearson coefficient calculation and scatter plot. The results sh

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Kerum, Fani, Neven Šipić, and Dijana Vuković. "Organizational Factors, Factors of Innovation in Croatia’s Tourist Offer." In 8th International Scientific Conference – EMAN 2024 – Economics and Management: How to Cope With Disrupted Times. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, Belgrade, Serbia, 2024. https://doi.org/10.31410/eman.2024.469.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Tourism represents an important component of economic development in Croatia. The competitiveness of Croatia as a tourist destination largely depends on the level of quality of its tourism product in relation to key success factors. The attractiveness and diversity of the offers in tourism stand out as significant factors in the quality of the tourist products of Croatia. Hospitality and tourism, of which the hotel industry is an integral part, today represent significant activity in the global framework. It is this activity that provides employment and generates significant income, creatin

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Palupi, Endang, Harsono Salimo, and Bhisma Murti. "Contextual Effect of Village and Other Determinants on Infant Mortality: A Multilevel Analysis from Karanganyar, Central Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.114.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

ABSTRACT Background: Rural children face higher mortality rates than their urban counterparts. Although the rural disadvantage in average child survival in developing countries is firmly established, its explanation is less clear. Several studies suggest that household-level factors appear to be important in explaining rural-urban differences in child mortality. This study aimed to examine the contextual effect of village and other determinants on infant mortality in Karanganyar, Central Java. Subjects and Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Karanganyar, Central Java, from Februar

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Febrianti, Selvia, Didik Gunawan Tamtomo, and Uki Retno Bbudihastuti. "THE Effects of Traditional Care and Biopsychosocial Determinants on the Risk of Postpartum Depression: Evidence from Yogyakarta." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.86.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

ABSTRACT Background: Previous studies expected that postpartum depression may occur from multiple hormonal–biological, psychological, familial, social, and cultural factors. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of traditional care and biopsychosocial determinants on the risk of postpartum depression. Subjects and Method: A cross sectional study was carried out at 25 birth delivery services in Sleman, Yogyakarta, from August to September 2019. A sample of 200 postpartum mothers was selected by multistage random sampling. The dependent variable was postpartum depression. The inde

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Звіти організацій з теми "Income multiplier effect"

Tovar Jalles, João, Carola Pessino, and Ana Cristina Calderón. Fiscal Consolidations in Latin America and the Caribbean: Do Inequality, Informality and Corruption Matter? Inter-American Development Bank, 2025. https://doi.org/10.18235/0013447.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Widening income disparities, higher corruption and larger informality in many emerging market and developing economies (EMDE) including Latin America, all with pressing and mounting fiscal problems, have rekindled interest in the empirical analysis of the key factors determining the occurrence of fiscal consolidations. Using discrete choice models, this paper examines the drivers of fiscal consolidation episodes in a sample of 148 EMDE between 1980 and 2019 with a focus on Latin America. Consolidations are more likely during good economic times. Inequality does not seem to drive consolidations

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Banerjee, Abhijit, Dean Karlan, Hannah Trachtman, and Christopher Udry. Does Poverty Change Labor Supply? Evidence from Multiple Income Effects and 115,579 Bags. National Bureau of Economic Research, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w27314.

Повний текст джерела

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Andrabi, Tahir, Natalie Bau, Jishnu Das, Naureen Karachiwalla, and Asim I. Khwaja. Crowding in Private Quality: The Equilibrium Effects of Public Spending in Education. Research on Improving Systems of Education (RISE), 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35489/bsg-rise-wp_2023/124.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

We estimate the equilibrium effects of a public school grant program administered through school councils in Pakistani villages with multiple public and private schools and clearly defined catchment boundaries. The program was randomized at the village-level, allowing us to estimate its causal impact on the market. Four years after the start of the program, test scores were 0.2 sd higher in public schools. We find evidence of an education multiplier: test scores in private schools were also 0.2 sd higher in treated markets. Consistent with standard models of product differentiation, the educat

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Kaymak, Barış, and Immo Schott. Tax Heterogeneity and Misallocation. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202333.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Companies face different effective marginal tax rates on their income. This can be detrimental to allocative efficiency unless taxes offset other distortions in the economy. This paper estimates the effect of tax rate heterogeneity on aggregate productivity in distorted economies with multiple frictions. Using firm-level balance-sheet data and estimates of marginal tax rates, we find that tax heterogeneity reduces total factor productivity by about 3 percent. Our findings highlight the positive correlation between marginal tax rates and other distortions to capital and especially labor. This i

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Hicks, Jacqueline. Health Workforce Interventions in Low-and-Middle-Income-Countries (LMICs). Institute of Development Studies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2023.003.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The clearest overall message from across the literature is that designing human resources for health (HRH) initiatives should begin by understanding the needs of a health system or population rather than choosing a specific strategy. In other words, there are no strategies that are universally effective, only strategies that are more or less appropriate to their context. One group of experienced researchers note the “difficulty in predicting how effective a strategy will be in a given context” (Rowe et al, 2018b). Another states that “in 2006, the World Health Report observed that a ‘solution

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Stern, Jonathan M. B., and Benjamin Piper. Resetting Targets: Examining Large Effect Sizes and Disappointing Benchmark Progress. RTI Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2019.op.0060.1904.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

This paper uses recent evidence from international early grade reading programs to provide guidance about how best to create appropriate targets and more effectively identify improved program outcomes. Recent results show that World Bank and US Agency for International Development–funded large-scale international education interventions in low- and middle–income countries tend to produce larger impacts than do interventions in the United States, as measured by effect sizes. However, these effect sizes rarely translate into large gains in mean oral reading fluency scores and are associated with

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Angrist, Noam, and Rachael Meager. Translating effective education approaches, such as targeted instruction, across contexts. Centre for Excellence and Development Impact and Learning (CEDIL), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51744/ceb2.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Multiple randomised trials have proven that targeted educational instruction is an effective approach to addressing learning gaps in low- and middle- income countries. This approach has been tested in multiple rigorous studies, including in Ghana, Kenya and India. This evidence brief reports a formal synthesis of the evidence and assesses the strength and generalisability of the evidence and the factors that drive the largest frontier effects in the literature. This brief also provides practical guidance on elements of targeted instructional approaches that drive the greatest impacts for stude

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Seccareccia, Mario, and Guillermo Matamoros. Is “Inflation First” Really “Rentiers First”? The Taylor Rule and Rentier Income in Industrialized Countries. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp209.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

The Taylor rule has returned as a significant policy guide amid increasingly overt political pressures for its official (and not just its implicit) adoption at the US Fed as inflation fears have come to dominate monetary policy actions both in the US and internationally in recent times. Our paper analyzes the effect of monetary policy on the functional distribution of income by reconstructing how the post-1970s “inflation first” policy commitments of central banks came to be crystallized in the Taylor rule. While there are differences among the various specifications of this “rule”, the Taylor

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Fee, Kyle D. Income Inequality and Economic Growth in United States Counties: 1990s, 2000s and 2010s. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, 2025. https://doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202505.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

Using a common reduced-form regional growth model framework, an expanded geographic classification of counties, additional years of data, a trio of income inequality metrics, and multiple empirical specifications, this analysis confirms and builds upon the notion that the nature of the relationship between income inequality and economic growth varies across geography (Fallah and Partridge, 2007). A positive relationship between an income Gini coefficient and per capita income growth is observed only in central metro counties with population densities greater than 915 people per square mile or

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Chepeliev, Maksym, Israel Osorio Rodarte, and Dominique van der Mensbrugghe. Distributional Impacts of Carbon Pricing Policies under Paris Agreement: Inter and Intra-Regional Perspectives. GTAP Working Paper, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.wp88.

Повний текст джерела

Анотація:

While bringing multiple benefits for the environment, achievement of the stringent global greenhouse gas emissions reduction target, like the one outlined in the Paris Climate Agreement, is associated with significant implementation costs and could impact different dimensions of human well-being, including welfare, poverty and distributional aspects. In this paper, we analyze the poverty and distributional impacts of different carbon pricing mechanisms consistent with reaching the Paris Agreement targets. We link a global recursive dynamic computable general equilibrium model ENVISAGE with the

Стилі APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO та ін.

Ми пропонуємо знижки на всі преміум-плани для авторів, чиї праці увійшли до тематичних добірок літератури. Зв'яжіться з нами, щоб отримати унікальний промокод!