Добірка наукової літератури з теми "Inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire"
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся зі списками актуальних статей, книг, дисертацій, тез та інших наукових джерел на тему "Inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Статті в журналах з теми "Inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire"
Bonnefoy, Nathalie, Daniel Olive, and Bernard Vanhove. "Les futures générations d’anticorps modulateurs des points de contrôle de la réponse immunitaire." médecine/sciences 35, no. 12 (December 2019): 966–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2019193.
Повний текст джерелаDubois, Manon, Camille Ardin, Fanny André, Arnaud Scherpereel, and Laurent Mortier. "L’immunothérapie, une révolution en oncologie." médecine/sciences 35, no. 12 (December 2019): 946–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2019226.
Повний текст джерелаRouvet, Guillaume, and Olivier Lambotte. "Toxicité des immunothérapies anti-cancéreuses." médecine/sciences 39, no. 5 (May 2023): 445–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2023066.
Повний текст джерелаChiossone, Laura, and Eric Vivier. "Nouvelles frontières de la lutte contre le cancer." Biologie Aujourd'hui 212, no. 3-4 (2018): 61–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/jbio/2019011.
Повний текст джерелаKostine, Marie, Aurélien Marabelle, Thierry Schaeverbeke, and Maria Kfoury. "Les limites des inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire et la gestion de leur toxicité." médecine/sciences 35, no. 12 (December 2019): 949–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2019191.
Повний текст джерелаBaudoux, Nathalie, Grégoire Berthod, Frank Bally, Philippe Renard, and Sandro Anchisi. "Immunothérapie par inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire et hépatite." Revue Médicale Suisse 15, no. 651 (2019): 1017–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.53738/revmed.2019.15.651.1017.
Повний текст джерелаJaafar, Jaafar, Maria Mavromati, and Jacques Philippe. "Endocrinopathies induites par les inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire." Revue Médicale Suisse 14, no. 588-89 (2018): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.53738/revmed.2018.14.588-89.0034.
Повний текст джерелаDieu-Nosjean, Marie-Caroline, and Christophe Caux. "La biologie des cibles PD-1 et CTLA-4 et la question des biomarqueurs." médecine/sciences 35, no. 12 (December 2019): 957–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/medsci/2019192.
Повний текст джерелаSimand, Pierre-François, Grégoire Berthod, Laurent Parmentier, and Sandro Anchisi. "Immunothérapie par inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire et toxicité dermatologique." Revue Médicale Suisse 16, no. 695 (2020): 1086–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.53738/revmed.2020.16.695.1086.
Повний текст джерелаWasielewski, E., and A. B. Cortot. "Critères d’évaluation de la réponse tumorale aux inhibiteurs des points de contrôle immunitaire." Revue des Maladies Respiratoires 35, no. 8 (October 2018): 828–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rmr.2017.06.007.
Повний текст джерелаДисертації з теми "Inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire"
Ramel, Eloïse. "Effet des inhibiteurs de la pompe à proton gastrique sur la réponse anti tumorale aux inhibiteurs de point de contrôle immunitaire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024BORD0227.
Повний текст джерелаImmune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have revolutionized the management of many advanced cancers, but their success depends on genetic, biological, and environmental factors. Multiple retrospective studies have shown negative associations between the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and clinical response to ICIs. PPIs are also known to modify the composition of the gut microbiome, a key factor in modulating the immune response to ICIs. We hypothesized that PPI-induced dysbiosis could be responsible for the negative association to clinical outcomes in cancer patients. We used murine models of subcutaneous cancer grafts to study the antitumor immune response during ICI treatment, either concomitantly or not with PPI treatment (omeprazole). Our initial results showed changes in the gut microbiome in mice treated with omeprazole, but without any impact on the efficacy of ICIs. Since the PPI-associated intestinal dysbiosis in humans is likely due to the translocation of oral bacteria into the intestine, we transplanted a human oral microbiome into mice to mimic this effect. The presence of this oral microbiome, combined with PPI treatment, appeared to impair tumor progression control in mice but needs further experiments. In parallel, we demonstrated in vitro that omeprazole exerts a direct effect on the effector functions of T and NK cells, particularly on the expression of membranebound FasL. Additionally, omeprazole administration in mice was associated with decreased FasL expression on the surface of T/NK cells isolated from tumors or peripheral blood. These findings encourage further research into the role of oral bacteria in the effects of omeprazole on the antitumor immune response, while also suggesting that the direct impact of omeprazole on immune functions within tumors should be considered
Grasselly, Chloé. "Établissement et caractérisation de modèles précliniques de résistance aux inhibiteurs de points de contrôles immunitaires." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1256/document.
Повний текст джерелаBecause of the limited efficacy and the toxicity of conventional therapies to fight cancer, researchers focused on the new trategies. These efforts lead to the emergence of immunotherapies, whose msot recent actors are the monoclonal antibodies targeting immune checkpoint (ICP). Among those ICP inhibitors, we found antibodies targeting the surface protein « Programmed Cell Death 1 », called anti- PD1, and those targeting its ligand, « Programmed Cell Death Ligand 1 », called anti- PDL-1. Those antibodies shown a great efficacy in a wide diveristy of cancers, and are currently used for clinical practice in the case of melanoma, lung cancer, bladder cancer and renal cell carcinoma. However, those treatments don’t benefit to all tumor bearing patients, with a mean of 60% of innate resistance, and 25% of acquired resistance following a primary response, variable according to tumor type. Phenomena involved in resistance are currently poorly described. In this context, the aim of my project was to establish in vivo preclinical models of acquired resistance to anti-PD1 and anti-PDL-1. To do that, we used syngeneic renal cancer (RENCA), bladder cancer (MB49 and MBT-2), and colorectal cancer (MC38), and immunocompetent mice, that we have made resistant by serial reimplantations of tumors pieces and serial treatments, inducing a selection pressure until we obtained a resistant phenotype. The efficiency of PD1/PDL-1 axis blocking is strongly linked to the microenvironment composition, as a result we realized an immunophenotyping protocol. We observed anti-tumor cells as T cells, Natural Killer cells, and M1 macrophages, but also cells harboring immunosuppressive functions, as M2 macrophages, MDSC, and Treg. Moreover, some studies have identified an upregulation of alternatives ICP in the context of acquired resistance to anti-PD1, so we also observed the expression of LAG3, TIM3 and TIGIT besides PD1 and PDL-1 expression. We shown that resistance is strongly dependant to the tumor model, even if we identified a decrease of anti-tumor M1 macrophages is models resistant to anti-PD1, and an increase of Treg in models resistant to anti-PDL-1, suggesting a common mechanism of resistance specific to respectively anti PD1 and anti-PDL-1. Following Zaretsky and al. identification of genes involved in interferon pathway in the case of acquired resistance to anti-PD1 in melanoma, we decided to study the molecular profile of resistant tumors. We identified 5 common genes differently modulated between anti-PD1 and anti-PDL-1 resistant models, including SERPINF1 and FCNA which seems to be promising as targets to validate. Lastly, in parallel to establishment and characterization of preclinical models of acquired resistance, we tested new therapeutical approches of anti-PD1 and anti- PDL-1 potentiation in combination with reference chemotherapies. We shown a synergy in wild-type colorectal and bladder cancers (MC38 and MB49), no effect of the combination in metastatic breast cancer 4T1, and an inhibition of anti-PDL 1 effect in bladder cancer MBT-2. Immunphenotyping of tumors allowed us to observe here also high differences between tumor models, both at baseline and after treatments initiation. To conclude, even if our results need a validation with patients samples, we demonstrated that different cellular and molecular modifications could be involved in resistance to anti-PD1 and anti-PDL-1, and that resistance could be bypass with chemotherapy combination, according to tumor type
Melique, Suzanne. "Analyse des capacités modulatrices de la protéine THEMIS sur la signalisation et les fonctions biologiques du checkpoint immunitaire BTLA." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Toulouse (2023-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024TLSES079.
Повний текст джерелаImmune checkpoints are receptors that negatively regulate T lymphocyte responses triggered by antigen receptors (TCR) via co-stimulatory receptors. Therapies based on the use of monoclonal antibodies targeting these receptors have significantly improved the efficacy of cancer therapies. The immune checkpoint BTLA regulates T lymphocyte activation and maintenance of peripheral CD8+ T lymphocytes by inhibiting signaling emanating from the TCR through the SH2 domain-containing tyrosine phosphatase, SHP-1. BTLA is expressed on T lymphocytes during development in the thymus at the positive selection stage, but its biological functions in this context are unknown. THEMIS is a signaling protein essential for T lymphocyte development and maintenance of CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral tissues. Deletion of the gene encoding THEMIS is associated with a defect in positive selection of thymocytes and lymphopenia. THEMIS promotes positive selection and maintenance of CD8+ T lymphocytes by inhibiting the catalytic activity of SHP-1. We hypothesized that THEMIS may promote positive selection and maintenance of CD8+ T lymphocytes by repressing the inhibitory functions of BTLA. We have shown that deletion of the gene encoding THEMIS in mouse models increases BTLA's ability to inhibit activation and differentiation of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes. THEMIS is recruited to BTLA and represses SHP-1 phosphatase activity by increasing oxidation of its catalytic cysteine. Deficiency in THEMIS, however, has no effect on the inhibitory functions of the immune checkpoint PD-1, which primarily depends on the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-2. We show that deletion of the gene encoding BTLA restores positive selection in THEMIS-deficient mice, indicating that THEMIS promotes positive selection by blocking BTLA's inhibitory signaling. THEMIS also promotes maintenance of peripheral CD8+ T lymphocytes by reducing BTLA's ability to inhibit survival signals triggered by IL-2 and IL-15 receptors. These results suggest that inhibitory signals triggered by immune checkpoints depend on interactions with their ligands but are also constrained by intracellular proteins that modulate the threshold at which these receptors are able to inhibit T lymphocytes. These findings have implications for understanding the therapeutic mechanisms involved in cancer treatment and the mechanisms underlying the emergence of autoimmune diseases
Soussan, Sarah. "B lymphocytes and autoantibodies in immune-related adverse events following immune checkpoint inhibitors in cancer patients." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS022.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаImmune checkpoints inhibitors (ICI) have revolutionized the treatment of previously incurable malignancies. Unfortunately, the use of ICI also induces a bystander breakdown of peripheral tolerance leading to immune related Adverse Events (irAEs) in 30-90% of treated patients, drastically reducing quality of life and requiring therapy dose reduction or discontinuation. As ICI directly target T cells, they have been considered the main culprit for irAEs. Nevertheless, T cells cannot fully explain adverse events, and the role of B cells and their associated mechanisms have not been characterized. We therefore studied the involvement of peripheral B-cell compartment in irAEs, using both phenotypic and functional approaches, in two cohorts of solid cancer patients treated with anti-PD-1 and/or anti-CTLA-4 monoclonal antibodies. Deep phenotyping of B-cell subsets throughout the treatment and at the onset of irAEs has been performed by multi-parametric spectral flow cytometry. Subsequently, to analyze the functions of B-cell subsets, notably their ability to produce antibodies, we set-up a B-cell culture system allowing in vitro differentiation of B cells into antibody-secreting cells. This gave us the opportunity to analyze the antibody production by circulating B cells and their association with irAEs occurence. The screening of circulating B cells phenotype and function was conducted alongside the evaluation of the serum and plasma reactivity of cancer patients by complementary approaches (ELISA, Western Blot, Immunofluorescence assays). We found that, before treatment, patients that develop ICI-induced irAEs exhibit a significantly lower expression on B cell subsets of the FcγRIIB, CD85j and LAIR-1 inhibitory receptors in melanoma patients and higher expression of the CD95 and CXCR5, respectively activating and lymphoid organs re-circulatory markers in lung cancer patients. In addition, increased in baseline abundance of hyper-activated IgD- memory B cell subset or plasmablasts precursor were observed in patients that will undergo irAEs. Moreover, a part of irAEs patients exhibit baseline or ICI-induce circulating autoantibodies which could be directed against the related tissue of irAEs occurrence. Indeed, patients experiencing cardiac/muscular irAEs demonstrated autoantibodies directed against cardiac tissues and well-defined cardiac/muscle antigens. Finally, IgG derived from cardiac/muscular irAEs patients bound to human cardiomyocytes and perturbed the calcium kinetic and the contractibility of cardiac spheroids. These findings highlight a predisposition of irAEs incidence in patients with baseline highly activated and differentiated circulating B cells associated with autoantibody production. Overall, these results support the potential role of the humoral adaptative immunity in the mechanisms of ICI-induced irAEs
Karaboué, Abdoulaye. "Rôle du système circadien dans le contrôle de la survie des patients traités par immunothérapie pour cancer : Analyse des mécanismes impliqués." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASQ019.
Повний текст джерелаA better understanding of physiopathological mechanisms and better-targeted treatments, according to the characteristics of the patient and his/her tumor, are the focus of intensive research, within the framework of precision and personalized cancer medicine. Precision medicine is now beginning to integrate molecular circadian clocks, which generate periodic oscillations of around 24 h in metabolism, cell proliferation and death, as well as responses to toxic or therapeutic drugs. Several experimental, clinical and epidemiological studies have demonstrated the important role of the circadian timing system in all stages of carcinogenesis, from initiation and promotion to progression and metastatic dissemination. The circadian timing system also influences tolerance and efficacy of anti-cancer treatments, both in experimental models and in patients. After my initial observation of an apparent great homogeneity in the temporal responses to cancer immunotherapy in my clinical practice, I have been investigating the role of dosing time and circadian rhythms in the efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Indeed, immunotherapy has emerged as a standard anticancer treatment for several cancer types in the last decade. However, not all patients benefit from it, and only a small number are cured. My current thesis project results first highlighted the role of the time of administration of immune checkpoint inhibitors on their efficacy and tolerability in patients with non-small cell lung cancer, with a four-fold increase in survival of patients treated in the morning compared with the afternoon or evening. I then showed, in a first meta-analysis and then in a review, that morning administration of immunotherapy doubled on average the survival and progression-free survival of patients with eight different types of cancer. I then propose the main circadian mechanisms that can influence the efficacy of immunotherapy over the course of 24 hours. Finally, my work shows that morning administration of an immune checkpoint inhibitor also doubles its efficacy compared with afternoon administration, despite its combination with immunosuppressive chemotherapy. Moreover, the administration times of the first four immunochemotherapy cycles recapitulate the chrono-immunotherapeutic effect of the treatment over its full duration the vast entire. In conclusion, the discovery of a major impact of the time of administration of cancer immunotherapy on its efficacy is in favor of between-patient synchronization of the circadian mechanisms of its pharmacodynamics vis-à-vis immune system cells. The characterization of between-patient differences in circadian synchronization could further enable personalized optimization of cancer chronoimmunotherapy
De, Vries-Brilland Manon. "Caractérisation du microenvironnement immunitaire des carcinomes papillaires du rein." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Angers, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023ANGE0017.
Повний текст джерелаArticle 1: Checkpoint inhibitors in metastatic papillary renal cell carcinoma : papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma (pRCC) is the most common non-clear cell RCC (nccRCC) and a distinct entity, although heterogenous, associated with poor outcomes. The treatment landscape of metastatic pRCC (mpRCC) relied so far on targeted therapies, mimicking previous developments in metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. However, antiangiogenics as well as mTOR inhibitors retain only limited activity in mpRCC. As development of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) is now underway in patients with mpRCC, we aimed at discussing early activity data and potential for future therapeutic strategies in monotherapy or combination. Expression of immune checkpoints such as PD-L1 and infiltrative immune cells in pRCC could provide insights into their potential immunogenicity, although this is currently poorly described. Based on retrospective and prospective data, efficacy of ICI as single agent remains limited. Combinations with tyrosine-kinase inhibitors, notably with anti-MET inhibitors, harbor promising response rates and may enter the standard of care in untreated patients. Collaborative work is needed to refine the molecular and immune landscape of pRCC, and pursue efforts to set up predictive biomarker-driven clinical trials in these rare tumors. Article 2 : Comprehensive analyses of immune tumor microenvironment in papillary renal cell carcinoma. Background : papillary Renal CellCarcinoma (pRCC) is the most common non-clear cell RCC (nccRCC), and associated with poor outcomes in the metastatic setting. In this study, we aimed to comprehensively evaluate the immune tumor microenvironment (TME) ,largely unknown, of patients with metastatic pRCC and identify potential therapeutic targets. Methods : we performed quantitative gene expression analysis of TME using MCP-counter methodology, on 2 independent cohorts of localized pRCC (n=271 and n=98). We then characterized the TME, using immunohistochemistry (n=38) and RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) (n=30) on metastatic pRCC from the prospective AXIPAP trial cohort. Results: unsupervised clustering identified 2 "TME subtypes", in each of the cohorts : the “immune-enriched” and the “immune-low”.Within AXIPAP trial cohort, the “immune-enriched” cluster was significantly associated with a worse prognosis according to the median overall survival to 8 months (95%CI, 6-29) versus 37 months (95%CI, 20-NA,p=0.001).The 2 immune signatures, Teff and JAVELIN Renal 101 Immuno signature, predictive of response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (CPI) in ccRCC, were significantly higher in the “immune-enriched” group (adjusted p<0.05). Finally, 5 differentially overexpressed genes were identified, corresponding mainly to B lymphocyte populations. Conclusion : for the first time, using RNA-seqand IHC, we have highlighted a specific immune TME subtype of metastatic pRCC, significantly more infiltrated with T and Bimmune population. This “immune-enriched” group appears to have a worse prognosis and could have a potential predictive value for response to immunotherapy, justifying the confirmation of these results in a cohort of metastatic pRCC treated with CPI and incombination with targeted therapies
Dal, Cin Julian. "Analyse tissulaire des myopathies inflammatoires idiopathiques et induites par immune-checkpoint-inhibitor : apport des nouvelles approches transcriptomiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2023SORUS151.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаMyositis are a heterogeneous group of autoimmune pathologies characterized by muscle damage in patients. Myositis are separated into 5 subgroups: dermatomyositis (DM), anti-synthetase syndromes (ASyS), inclusion body myositis (IBM), autoimmune necrotizing myopathies (IMNM) and immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced myositis. The pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical phenotype and prognosis of each subgroup are different. Among myositis, this work focused on IMNM and ICI-induced myositis, which have the poorest prognosis. High-resolution, spatial and single-cell transcriptomic studies have made it possible to study the muscle tissue of patients with these myositis. In ICI-induced myositis, these studies have confirmed the cytotoxicity of CD8 T cells and their central role, mainly of a population of resident memory T cells identified in the muscle, as well as macrophages. We propose a pathogenic model based on the reaction of resident memory T cells to ICI treatments. In IMNM, subgroups of macrophages have been identified composed respectively of pro-inflammatory macrophages, anti-inflammatory macrophages, and macrophages close to fibro-adipogenic progenitors (FAP). We propose that necrosis can stimulate macrophages and induce their recruitment, which would allow the proliferation of FAPs at the origin of exacerbated fibrosis in patients. Understanding mechanisms among others makes it possible to consider new therapeutic targets and improve patient prognosis
L'Orphelin, Jean-Matthieu. "Ρarticularité cliniques et impacts thérapeutiques des effets indésirables immunο-induits chez les patients atteints d'un mélanοme de stade ΙV". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMC406.
Повний текст джерелаBackground. Immune checkpoint inhibitors are the undisputed first-line treatment for stage IV melanoma, and are associated with adverse events, often immuno-related. Immune-related events are increasingly taken into account in therapeutic decisions, and there is a desire to individualize the management of patients with metastatic melanoma. A more detailed characterization of these events would enable better prediction of their occurrence and impact. Our knowledge of immuno-related events comes mainly from randomized phase III clinical trials, through the collection of safety data for the duration of the study. This does not allow us to identify late-onset safety signals, occurring long after the clinical trial, or rare safety signals not always reported in the publication. . Materials and methods. A safety meta-analysis conducted on randomized clinical trials from ClinicalTrials.gov aims to identify rare safety signals allowing greater comprehensiveness. We determined the type and incidence of rare events (represented by cardiovascular events) associated with exposure to immune checkpoint inhibitors in stage IV melanoma. Post-marketing studies have been carried out on three databases: RIC-Mel and Vigibase®, set up beforehand, and Melskintox, specifically set up to record cutaneous immune-related effects. These “real-life” studies make it possible to investigate the type, incidence and impact of dermatological immune-related events at risk of under-reporting, and to characterize all late-onset immune-related events late after the introduction of the immune checkpoint inhibitor, since follow-up from randomized clinical trials is too short to be informative. Finally, we discussed the safety of reintroducing an immune checkpoint inhibitor after an immuno-related event. Results. The meta-analysis enables us to identify some immuno-related events not initially identified in randomized clinical trials because they are rare and not systematically investigated, such as cardiovascular events. However, they can be serious as myocarditis and pericarditis. Some, such as dyslipidemia, suggest a long delay in onset, made possible by the extended overall survival of melanoma patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors. In real-life cohort studies, other severe late-onset events may occur long after from the initiation of treatment (after two years), affecting all organs. Patients with SSM melanoma appear to have a higher risk of late-onset adverse events. Certain frequent and rare serious immune-related events are imperfectly investigated, and the diversity of clinical presentations is poorly understood. The prognosis seems to differ depending on whether the cutaneous immuno-related effect is a benign inflammatory dermatosis, a pigmentary disorder, drug-related rash or bullous dermatosis. Finally, pharmacovigilance data on reintroduction vary according to the initial immune-related event, suggesting a higher recurrence rate for nephritis and cutaneous immuno-related events. Discussion and perspectivesThe occurrence of an immune-related event must be known and recognized with regard to its therapeutic impact, and be the subject of appropriate monitoring modalities. A more detailed knowledge of safety data and a better characterization of immune-related events will enable us to tailor our treatment pathways and proposals
Tannous, Désirée. "The combination of Gadolinium-based nanoparticles, radiotherapy and immune checkpoint inhibitors : a novel therapeutic opportunity for cancer treatment." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPASL082.
Повний текст джерелаScientific discoveries linked to radiotherapy are in continuous progress and almost 60% of cancer diagnosed patients are treated with radiotherapy. However, radiation therapy still faces many limitations due to radioresistance and the side effects inflected on healthy tissues. To overcome these factors, a particular interest has been aroused on the role that nanomedicine could play in the improvement of immune-mediated anti-tumor response. In this context, we decided to assess the ability of the combination of Gadolinium nanoparticles (AGuIX) with ionizing radiation (IR) to stimulate an anti-tumor immunological response and to increase the effectiveness of radiotherapy combined to immune checkpoint blockers.AGuIX are very small nanoparticles composed of a polysiloxane matrix and gadolinium chelates. Thanks to the magnetic properties of gadolinium, these nanoparticles play the role of a contrast agent, in addition to its radiosensitizing properties, thus allowing a better targeting and an enhanced therapeutic index.Our work reveals the ability of the AGuIX+IR combination to induce genomic instability and to stimulate immunomodulatory cell signaling pathways in treated human and murine cancer cells. In parallel, we demonstrate the anti-tumor activity of this combination by assessing tumor growth and overall survival using a preclinical model of immunocompetent mice bearing tumors. Our results strongly demonstrate a synergistic effect of AGuIX + IR combination on tumor growth and overall survival by stimulating the immune system. Finally, we reveal the capacity of AGuIX + IR combination to overcome immune checkpoint blockers resistance.In conclusion, our work shows that the combination of AGuIX+IR stimulates immunomodulatory signaling pathways, induces a strong synergistic anti-tumor response and helps overcoming resistance to immunotherapies
Abbar, Baptiste. "Cancers associés au VIH : immunogénomique, immunogénicité et immunothérapie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2024SORUS441.pdf.
Повний текст джерелаCancers, particularly non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC), are notably more frequent among people living with HIV (PLWHIV). However, despite this association, the molecular and immunological profiles of NSCLC in PLWHIV remain poorly explored. Characterizing these immunogenomics features in malignant tumors has become critical for understanding the mechanisms of oncogenesis and developing more effective antitumor therapies. The advent of immunotherapies, especially immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), has revolutionized cancer treatment, including cancers that frequently affect PLWHIV. However, PLWHIV have been systematically excluded from clinical trials evaluating ICIs in oncology. As a result, data on the safety profile of these treatments and their immunovirological impact on HIV infection remain limited.In the first part of this work, we prospectively compared the immunogenomics features of 27 NSCLC from 15 PLWHIV and 12 immunocompetent patients (IC). Tumor mutational burdens, molecular profiles, number of predicted neoepitopes, and their MHC-class I/II predicted restriction were similar in both groups. However, monofunctional T cell responses to neoepitopes, detectable in 4/11 PLWHIV and 5/11 IC, were exclusively directed against MHC-class-II-restricted neoepitopes in PLWHIV while half were directed against MHC-class-I-restricted in IC. A low CD4 nadir was associated with the lack of neoepitope-specific responses in PLWHIV. Furthermore, PLWHIV tumor microenvironments displayed lower neutrophils proportions and decreased T cell function markers. Thus, despite similar molecular profiles, HIV-infection severely impairs antitumor immune responses in patients with NSCLC, particularly to MHC-class-I-restricted neoepitopes, supporting the use of MHC-class-I-restricted neoepitope-based immunotherapy in this population. In the second part of this work, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, dedicated clinical studies, and biological sub-studies to assess the toxicity profile, immunovirological impact (viral load and CD4 count), as well as the effects of ICIs on the HIV reservoir and anti-HIV immunity in PLWHIV, as part of a “shock and kill” strategy for an HIV cure. Our research demonstrated that the toxicity profile of ICIs in PLWHIV is similar to that observed in the general population. We also identified specific risk factors in this population associated with the occurrence of severe immune-related adverse events, such as long-term HIV infection, low CD4 count, positive cytomegalovirus serology, and a history of oncological surgery. Additionally, we showed that ICIs do not have a negative impact on HIV infection markers, such as viral load and CD4 count. Finally, our study of 32 PLWHIV treated with anti-PD1 monotherapy, with monitoring of plasma viral load, anti-HIV immunity, and the viral reservoir, revealed an early, moderate, and transient reduction in the HIV reservoir, without a significant increase in anti-HIV immunity. The early upregulation of other immune checkpoints, such as CTLA4 and TIM3, under ICI treatment may explain the limited in vivo effect on the HIV reservoir and antiviral immunity of anti-PD1 therapy. Thus, the use of anti-PD1 monotherapy does not appear to be a promising “shock and kill” strategy for eradicating HIV. Overall, we demonstrated that HIV significantly impairs the antitumor immune response in patients with NSCLC, despite similar molecular tumor profiles. However, the use of ICI in PLWHIV is not associated with an increased risk of toxicity and shows efficacy comparable to that observed in IC patients. Our results support the approach of personalized vaccines targeting MHC class I-restricted neoepitopes, combined with ICIs, for PLWHIV with NSCLC
Частини книг з теми "Inhibiteurs de points de contrôle immunitaire"
Faury, Stéphane, and Jérôme Foucaud. "Immunothérapie spécifique, cancers et qualité de vie." In Pratiques et interventions en psychologie de la santé, 143–52. Editions des archives contemporaines, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.17184/eac.3192.
Повний текст джерела