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Статті в журналах з теми "Inhibition proactive":
1
Grisetto, Fanny, Pierre Le Denmat, Yvonne N. Delevoye-Turrell, Quentin Vantrepotte, Tanguy Davin, Andreea Dinca, Isabelle Desenclos-El Ghoulti, and Clémence Roger. "Imbalanced weighting of proactive and reactive control as a marker of risk-taking propensity." PLOS ONE 18, no. 1 (January 20, 2023): e0277246. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0277246.
Анотація:
According to the dual mechanisms of control (DMC), reactive and proactive control are involved in adjusting behaviors when maladapted to the environment. However, both contextual and inter-individual factors increase the weight of one control mechanism over the other, by influencing their cognitive costs. According to one of the DMC postulates, limited reactive control capacities should be counterbalanced by greater proactive control to ensure control efficiency. Moreover, as the flexible weighting between reactive and proactive control is key for adaptive behaviors, we expected that maladaptive behaviors, such as risk-taking, would be characterized by an absence of such counterbalance. However, to our knowledge, no studies have yet investigated this postulate. In the current study, we analyzed the performances of 176 participants on two reaction time tasks (Simon and Stop Signal tasks) and a risk-taking assessment (Balloon Analog Risk Taking, BART). The post-error slowing in the Simon task was used to reflect the spontaneous individuals’ tendency to proactively adjust behaviors after an error. The Stop Signal Reaction Time was used to assess reactive inhibition capacities and the duration of the button press in the BART was used as an index of risk-taking propensity. Results showed that poorer reactive inhibition capacities predicted greater proactive adjustments after an error. Furthermore, the higher the risk-taking propensity, the less reactive inhibition capacities predicted proactive behavioral adjustments. The reported results suggest that higher risk-taking is associated with a smaller weighting of proactive control in response to limited reactive inhibition capacities. These findings highlight the importance of considering the imbalanced weighting of reactive and proactive control in the analysis of risk-taking, and in a broader sense, maladaptive behaviors.
2
Jonikaitis, D., S. Dhawan, and H. Deubel. "Proactive spatial inhibition in visual selection." Journal of Vision 14, no. 10 (August 22, 2014): 701. http://dx.doi.org/10.1167/14.10.701.
3
Kenemans, J. Leon. "Specific proactive and generic reactive inhibition." Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews 56 (September 2015): 115–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.06.011.
4
Cowie, Matthew J., Hayley J. MacDonald, John Cirillo, and Winston D. Byblow. "Proactive modulation of long-interval intracortical inhibition during response inhibition." Journal of Neurophysiology 116, no. 2 (August 1, 2016): 859–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/jn.00144.2016.
Анотація:
Daily activities often require sudden cancellation of preplanned movement, termed response inhibition. When only a subcomponent of a whole response must be suppressed (required here on Partial trials), the ensuing component is markedly delayed. The neural mechanisms underlying partial response inhibition remain unclear. We hypothesized that Partial trials would be associated with nonselective corticomotor suppression and that GABAB receptor-mediated inhibition within primary motor cortex might be responsible for the nonselective corticomotor suppression contributing to Partial trial response delays. Sixteen right-handed participants performed a bimanual anticipatory response inhibition task while single- and paired-pulse transcranial magnetic stimulation was delivered to elicit motor evoked potentials in the left first dorsal interosseous muscle. Lift times, amplitude of motor evoked potentials, and long-interval intracortical inhibition were examined across the different trial types (Go, Stop-Left, Stop-Right, Stop-Both). Go trials produced a tight distribution of lift times around the target, whereas those during Partial trials (Stop-Left and Stop-Right) were substantially delayed. The modulation of motor evoked potential amplitude during Stop-Right trials reflected anticipation, suppression, and subsequent reinitiation of movement. Importantly, suppression was present across all Stop trial types, indicative of a “default” nonselective inhibitory process. Compared with blocks containing only Go trials, inhibition increased when Stop trials were introduced but did not differ between trial types. The amount of inhibition was positively correlated with lift times during Stop-Right trials. Tonic levels of inhibition appear to be proactively modulated by task context and influence the speed at which unimanual responses occur after a nonselective “brake” is applied.
5
Brevers, Damien, Etienne Dubuisson, Fabien Dejonghe, Julien Dutrieux, Mathieu Petieau, Guy Cheron, Paul Verbanck, and Jennifer Foucart. "Proactive and Reactive Motor Inhibition in Top Athletes Versus Nonathletes." Perceptual and Motor Skills 125, no. 2 (January 8, 2018): 289–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0031512517751751.
Анотація:
We examined proactive (early restraint in preparation for stopping) and reactive (late correction to stop ongoing action) motor response inhibition in two groups of participants: professional athletes ( n = 28) and nonathletes ( n = 25). We recruited the elite athletes from Belgian national taekwondo and fencing teams. We estimated proactive and reactive inhibition with a modified version of the stop-signal task (SST) in which participants inhibited categorizing left/right arrows. The probability of the stop signal was manipulated across blocks of trials by providing probability cues from the background computer screen color (green = 0%, yellow =17%, orange = 25%, red = 33%). Participants performed two sessions of the SST, where proactive inhibition was operationalized with increased go-signal reaction time as a function of increased stop-signal probability and reactive inhibition was indicated by stop-signal reaction time latency. Athletes exhibited higher reactive inhibition performance than nonathletes. In addition, athletes exhibited higher proactive inhibition than nonathletes in Session 1 (but not Session 2) of the SST. As top-level athletes exhibited heightened reactive inhibition and were faster to reach and maintain consistent proactive motor response inhibition, these results confirm an evaluative process that can discriminate elite athleticism through a fine-grained analysis of inhibitory control.
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Liebrand, Matthias, Anne-Kristin Solbakk, Ingrid Funderud, Macià Buades-Rotger, Robert T. Knight, and Ulrike M. Krämer. "Intact Proactive Motor Inhibition after Unilateral Prefrontal Cortex or Basal Ganglia Lesions." Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 33, no. 9 (August 1, 2021): 1862–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/jocn_a_01691.
Анотація:
Abstract Previous research provided evidence for the critical importance of the PFC and BG for reactive motor inhibition, that is, when actions are cancelled in response to external signals. Less is known about the role of the PFC and BG in proactive motor inhibition, referring to preparation for an upcoming stop signal. In this study, patients with unilateral lesions to the BG or lateral PFC performed in a cued go/no-go task, whereas their EEG was recorded. The paradigm called for cue-based preparation for upcoming, lateralized no-go signals. Based on previous findings, we focused on EEG indices of cognitive control (prefrontal beta), motor preparation (sensorimotor mu/beta, contingent negative variation [CNV]), and preparatory attention (occipital alpha, CNV). On a behavioral level, no differences between patients and controls were found, suggesting an intact ability to proactively prepare for motor inhibition. Patients showed an altered preparatory CNV effect, but no other differences in electrophysiological activity related to proactive and reactive motor inhibition. Our results suggest a context-dependent role of BG and PFC structures in motor inhibition, being critical in reactive, unpredictable contexts, but less so in situations where one can prepare for stopping on a short timescale.
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Soltanifar, Mohsen, Michael Escobar, Annie Dupuis, Andre Chevrier, and Russell Schachar. "The Asymmetric Laplace Gaussian (ALG) Distribution as the Descriptive Model for the Internal Proactive Inhibition in the Standard Stop Signal Task." Brain Sciences 12, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 730. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci12060730.
Анотація:
Measurements of response inhibition components of reactive inhibition and proactive inhibition within the stop-signal paradigm have been of particular interest to researchers since the 1980s. While frequentist nonparametric and Bayesian parametric methods have been proposed to precisely estimate the entire distribution of reactive inhibition, quantified by stop signal reaction times (SSRT), there is no method yet in the stop signal task literature to precisely estimate the entire distribution of proactive inhibition. We identify the proactive inhibition as the difference of go reaction times for go trials following stop trials versus those following go trials and introduce an Asymmetric Laplace Gaussian (ALG) model to describe its distribution. The proposed method is based on two assumptions of independent trial type (go/stop) reaction times and Ex-Gaussian (ExG) models. Results indicated that the four parametric ALG model uniquely describes the proactive inhibition distribution and its key shape features, and its hazard function is monotonically increasing, as are its three parametric ExG components. In conclusion, the four parametric ALG model can be used for both response inhibition components and its parameters and descriptive and shape statistics can be used to classify both components in a spectrum of clinical conditions.
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Ficarella, Stefania C., Andrea Desantis, Alexandre Zénon, and Boris Burle. "Preparing to React: A Behavioral Study on the Interplay between Proactive and Reactive Action Inhibition." Brain Sciences 11, no. 6 (May 22, 2021): 680. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11060680.
Анотація:
Motor preparation, based on one’s goals and expectations, allows for prompt reactions to stimulations from the environment. Proactive and reactive inhibitory mechanisms modulate this preparation and interact to allow a flexible control of responses. In this study, we investigate these two control mechanisms with an ad hoc cued Go/NoGo Simon paradigm in a within-subjects design, and by measuring subliminal motor activities through electromyographic recordings. Go cues instructed participants to prepare a response and wait for target onset to execute it (Go target) or inhibit it (NoGo target). Proactive inhibition keeps the prepared response in check, hence preventing false alarms. Preparing the cue-coherent effector in advance speeded up responses, even when it turned out to be the incorrect effector and reactive inhibition was needed to perform the action with the contralateral one. These results suggest that informative cues allow for the investigation of the interaction between proactive and reactive action inhibition. Partial errors’ analysis suggests that their appearance in compatible conflict-free trials depends on cue type and prior preparatory motor activity. Motor preparation plays a key role in determining whether proactive inhibition is needed to flexibly control behavior, and it should be considered when investigating proactive/reactive inhibition.
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du Plessis, Stéfan, Matthijs Vink, John A. Joska, Eleni Koutsilieri, Asif Bagadia, Dan J. Stein, and Robin Emsley. "HIV Infection Is Associated with Impaired Striatal Function during Inhibition with Normal Cortical Functioning on Functional MRI." Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society 21, no. 9 (October 2015): 722–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355617715000971.
Анотація:
AbstractThe aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of HIV infection on cortical and subcortical regions of the frontal-striatal system involved in the inhibition of voluntary movement. Functional MRI (fMRI) studies suggest that human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is associated with frontostriatal dysfunction. While frontostriatal systems play a key role in behavioral inhibition, there are to our knowledge no fMRI studies investigating the potential impact of HIV on systems involved during the inhibition of voluntary movement. A total of 17 combined antiretroviral therapy (cART) naïve HIV+ participants as well as 18 age, gender, ethnic, education matched healthy controls performed a modified version of the stop-signal paradigm. This paradigm assessed behavior as well as functional brain activity associated with motor execution, reactive inhibition (outright stopping) and proactive inhibition (anticipatory response slowing before stopping). HIV+ participants showed significantly slower responses during motor execution compared to healthy controls, whereas they had normal proactive response slowing. Putamen hypoactivation was evident in the HIV+ participants based on successful stopping, indicating subcortical dysfunction during reactive inhibition. HIV+ participants showed normal cortical functioning during proactive inhibition. Our data provide evidence that HIV infection is associated with subcortical dysfunction during reactive inhibition, accompanied by relatively normal higher cortical functioning during proactive inhibition. This suggests that HIV infection may primarily involve basic striatal-mediated control processes in cART naïve participants. (JINS, 2015, 21, 722–731)
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Smittenaar, Peter, Robb B. Rutledge, Peter Zeidman, Rick A. Adams, Harriet Brown, Glyn Lewis, and Raymond J. Dolan. "Proactive and Reactive Response Inhibition across the Lifespan." PLOS ONE 10, no. 10 (October 21, 2015): e0140383. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0140383.
Дисертації з теми "Inhibition proactive":
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Liebrand, Matthias [Verfasser]. "Neural mechanisms of proactive and reactive motor inhibition / Matthias Liebrand." Lübeck : Zentrale Hochschulbibliothek Lübeck, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1170371507/34.
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Larson, Samuel W. "An Examination of Proactive and Retroactive Interference in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder." OpenSIUC, 2013. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1268.
Анотація:
One hypothesis regarding the etiology of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), is to conceptualize the disorder as an "inhibition" disorder. Furthermore, it has been suggested that inhibition is not a single all-encompassing construct, but rather a series of closely related processes. There has been limited examination as to whether children with ADHD are impaired on measures of cognitive inhibition (also known as proactive and retroactive interference). This project examined children with ADHD's susceptibility to proactive and retroactive interference in both verbal and visual-spatial modalities in comparison to typically developing children utilizing a novel coding system of the Children's Memory Scale (CMS). It was found that children with ADHD exhibited greater levels of visual-spatial retroactive interference than their typically developing peers. Additionally, children with ADHD did not differ from controls on any measure of verbal interference. Implications for clinical practice and future directions for research are discussed.
3
Spay, Charlotte. "Les troubles de l’initiation du mouvement dans la maladie de Parkinson : au-delà des symptômes moteurs de la dopamine." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSE1345/document.
Анотація:
Les troubles de l’initiation du mouvement de la maladie de Parkinson sont invalidants et sans solution thérapeutique satisfaisante. Dans ce travail, nous nous intéressons à deux catégories de symptômes, classiquement explorées de façon indépendante : d’un côté, la lenteur à l’initiation du mouvement ou akinésie, et de l’autre, la difficulté à retenir l’initiation d’un mouvement ou impulsivité. En nous appuyant sur des avancées théoriques et méthodologiques récentes, nous tentons de revisiter ces troubles de l’initiation du mouvement en termes de dysfonctionnements exécutifs dans la maladie de Parkinson.Dans ce but, nous avons : 1) recherché les liens entre marqueurs cliniques (akinésie et impulsivité) et troubles du contrôle inhibiteur ; 2) identifié les dysfonctionnements cérébraux associés au moyen de méthodes électroencéphalographiques innovantes permettant de localiser les sources cérébrales et d’observer la dynamique des processus cérébraux ; et 3) sondé l’origine neurochimique de cette fonction à l’aide d’un protocole pharmacologique.Nos résultats suggèrent que l’impulsivité et l’akinésie sont les deux faces d’une même pièce, aux origines d’un dysfonctionnement du contrôle inhibiteur proactif non sélectif. Ils indiquent également que ce contrôle exécutif est sous-tendu par l’activité du noyau sous-thalamique et d’un réseau cortical médian comprenant le précuneus et l’aire motrice supplémentaire. Un rôle du système noradrénergique a également été mis en évidence à l’origine de ces troubles exécutifs. Ces travaux ouvrent donc la voie à de nouvelles perspectives thérapeutiques pour la maladie de ParkinsonMovement initiation disorders in Parkinson’s disease are multifaceted, are debilitating and have no satisfying therapeutic option. On the one hand, slowness and difficulties initiating voluntary movements contribute to akinesia, a cardinal symptom of the disease which is usually considered to be motor in origin and which is not fully alleviated by current medication. On the other hand, difficulties refraining voluntary movements contribute to impulsivity, a frequent side effect of current dopaminergic and neurosurgical therapies. Here, based on systematic analyses of the clinical neuroimaging literature, we suggest that these opposite forms of movement initiation disorders might be executive, not purely motor, in origin.To empirically test this hypothesis, we: 1) related clinical markers of the disease (akinesia and impulsivity) to behavioral indexes of inhibitory control impairment; 2) identified associated cerebral dysfunctions by means of advanced electroencephalographic (EEG) methods; and 3) investigated the neurochemical origin of these dysfunctions by combining pharmacological and cerebral stimulations with EEG recordings.Results suggest that impulsivity and akinesia are the two sides of the same coin. Indeed, they were found to be associated with opposite inhibitory control disorders, and dysfunctions of subthalamic cortical loops involving medial executive areas. Importantly, it was also found that restoring normal behavior and normal activity within these loops by means of deep brain stimulation depends on the level of noradrenergic tonus, opening the way for new therapeutic approaches for Parkinson’s disease
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Yarar, Orhan Ferhat. "Effects Of Inhibitory Mechanisms And Thought Suppression Tendency On The Frequency And Intensity Of Traumatic Intrusions." Master's thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12612926/index.pdf.
Анотація:
The present study investigates the effects of cognitive inhibitory mechanisms and tendency to suppress thoughts on the frequency and intensity of traumatic intrusions within the trauma film paradigm. Non clinical participants&rsquoresponse inhibition and proactive inhibition levels and tendency to suppress thoughts were measured prior to exposure to a trauma film. One week after seeing the trauma film, participants reported the frequency and intensity of trauma film related intrusions with an intrusion diary and Impact of Events Scale. No significant effect of response inhibition, proactive inhibition and thought suppression tendency was found on the frequency and intensity of trauma film related intrusions. Findings of the study are discussed.
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Favre, Emilie. "Troubles exécutifs et dysfonctionnement du contrôle inhibiteur dans la maladie de Parkinson." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO10076/document.
Анотація:
Les troubles exécutifs de la maladie de Parkinson sont invalidants et sans solution thérapeutique satisfaisante. La raison est liée au fait que les fonctions exécutives sont difficiles à appréhender, tant au niveau de leur modélisation cognitive qu'anatomo-fonctionnelle ou neurochimique. Ici, nous nous appuyons sur des avancées théoriques et méthodologiques récentes pour revisiter ces troubles exécutifs. Nous nous intéressons à une fonction, récemment mise en évidence, destinée à verrouiller par anticipation le déclenchement de toute action en situation d'incertitude : le contrôle proactif de l'inhibition non sélective de l'action. Notre hypothèse directrice est que son dysfonctionnement est susceptible de générer une grande variété de troubles exécutifs. Nous avons : 1) recherché les liens entre marqueurs cliniques et troubles du contrôle proactif ; 2) identifié les dysfonctionnements cérébraux associés au moyen de méthodes électroencéphalographiques innovantes combinées à l'enregistrement des effets de la stimulation du noyau sous-thalamique ; et 3) sondé l'origine neurochimique de cette fonction. Nos résultats suggèrent qu'un dysfonctionnement de l'inhibition proactive n'engendre pas uniquement des troubles impulsifs mais explique également des comportements hypo-productifs comme l'akinésie. Ils indiquent que ces troubles ne sont pas d'origine dopaminergique et qu'ils sont liés au dysfonctionnement de l'activité du cortex frontal médian et du noyau sous-thalamique. Ces travaux ouvrent la voie à de nouvelles perspectives thérapeutiques pour la maladie de Parkinson et à une meilleure appréhension de la clinique d'autres pathologiesExecutive impairments in Parkinson’s disease are debilitating and have no satisfying therapeutic option. This is partly due to the fact that executive functions are difficult to investigate from cognitive, neuro-functional and neurochemical standpoints. Here, we build on recent theoretical and methodological improvements to revisit executive impairments. We are interested in a function that consists in locking in advance movement initiation mechanisms in the face of uncertainty: proactive control of non-selective inhibition of action. Our leading hypothesis is that dysfunction of proactive inhibitory control could generate widespread and heterogeneous executive impairments. We thus: 1) tried to relate clinical markers of the disease to behavioral indexes of proactive control impairment; 2) identified the associated cerebral dysfunctions by means of advanced electroencephalographic methods and manipulation of deep brain stimulation of the subthalamic nucleus; and 3) investigated the neurochemical origin of this function. Our results suggest that impulsivity is not the only outcome of inhibitory impairment. Disorder of proactive inhibitory control may also account for hypo-productive behaviors such as akinesia. Results also indicate that this mechanism is of non-dopaminergic origin and relies on medial frontal and subthalamic activity. This work opens the way for new therapeutic approaches for Parkinson’s disease as well as a better understanding of clinical symptoms observed in others diseases
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Hadj-Idris, Farah. "Activité neuronale du globus pallidus et du noyau subthalamique pendant l’inhibition motrice." Thesis, Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS543.pdf.
Анотація:
L’inhibition de réponse est cruciale pour le comportement adaptatif qui permet la sélection délibérée d’une action parmi d’autres. L’inhibition est réactive suite à l’identification de stimuli spécifiques, ou proactive en l’absence de stimuli et lorsqu’elle est déclenchée par un contexte précis. Les interactions entre cortex et ganglions de la base (GB) implémentent les inhibitions réactive et proactive. Nous avons donc enregistré des neurones dans les segments externe et interne du globus pallidus (GPe et GPi) et du noyau subthalamique (NST) chez le singe au cours d’une tâche de Go/No Go. Dans le GPe, nous avons identifié quatre types neuronaux selon leurs propriétés électrophysiologiques : deux types présentant une décharge à haute fréquence, avec des pauses d’activité (GPe-HFD-p) ou sans (GPe-HFD) et deux types à basse fréquence, avec des trains de potentiels d’action (GPe-LFD-b) ou sans (GPe-LFD). Les neurones du GPi étaient relativement homogènes et présentaient une décharge à haute fréquence sans pause spontanée (GPi-HFD). En fonction de leurs patrons d'activité, nous avons classifié les neurones du NST en quatre classes : purs positif ou négatif, polyphasiques positif ou négatif. Tous les types neuronaux du GPe, GPi et du NST encodent l’inhibition réactive, proactive, la direction et l’exécution du mouvement. Nous avons identifié des neurones GPe-LFD-b et polyphasiques négatifs du NST qui répondaient rapidement au stimulus signalant la nécessité de retenir la réponse (No Go). Ces neurones peuvent être spécifiquement impliqués dans la retenue de l'action en activant des programmes moteurs liés au maintien de l'état moteur actuel malgré l’envie de répondreResponse inhibition is crucial for adaptive behavior that allows the deliberate selection of one action from many. Inhibition is reactive after the identification of specific stimuli, or proactive in the absence of stimuli and when triggered by a specific context. Interactions between cortex and basal ganglia (BG) are important for implementing reactive and proactive inhibition. We recorded neurons in the external and internal segments of the globus pallidus (GPe and GPi) as well as in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) in monkeys during a Go/No Go task. In the GPe, we identified four types of neurons based on electrophysiological properties: two types exhibiting high-frequency discharge, with spontaneous pauses in activity (GPe-HFD-p) or without (GPe-HFD), and two types exhibiting low-frequency discharge, those exhibiting spontaneous bursting (GPe-LFD-b) and those that did not (GPe-LFD). GPi neurons were relatively homogenous, exhibiting high-frequency discharge without spontaneous pausing (GPi-HFD). According to their patterns of activities, we classified STN neurons into four classes: positive, negative, polyphasic positive and polyphasic negative. All neuronal types of GPe, GPi and STN encode reactive, proactive inhibition, direction and execution of movement. We identified one subtype of pallidal neuron (GPe-LFD-b) and one subtype of STN neuron (polyphasic negative) that responded rapidly to the stimulus signalling the need to withhold response (No Go). These neurons may be specifically involved in action restraint by activating motor programs related to maintaining current motor state despite the urge to respond
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Dole, Shelley Louise. "Percent knowledge : effective teaching for learning, relearning and unlearning." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36602/7/36602_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
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"Assessment of Mechanisms Underlying Proactive Inhibition and Switching." Master's thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.62778.
Анотація:
abstract: The ability to inhibit a planned but inappropriate response, and switch to executing a goal-relevant motor response, is critically important for the regulation of motor behaviors. Inhibition and switching could be mediated by various control mechanisms. Proactive control uses contextual information (cues) to plan the response for the target stimulus (probe) based on the expectation of a response inhibition or switching stimulus combination. Previous work has reported the involvement of several brain areas associated with proactive inhibition and switching, e.g., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, inferior frontal junction, and pre-supplementary motor area. However, how these areas interact and their functional role in different types of cognitive control is still debated. An AX-version of the continuous performance task (AX-CPT) was used to examine proactive inhibition and switching of motor actions. In a typical AX-CPT trial, a contextual cue stimulus is presented, followed by a probe stimulus after a specific inter-stimulus interval. As part of a trial sequence, if a target cue and target probe are presented, a target response is to be provided when the probe is observed. Otherwise, a non-target response is to be provided for all other stimuli. A behavioral switching AX-CPT experiment (48 subjects) was conducted to explore the parameters that induce a proactive shift in the motor response. Participants who performed the AX-CPT task with relatively shorter interstimulus interval predominantly and consistently exhibited proactive control behavior. A follow-up pilot study (3 subjects) of response inhibition versus response switching AX-CPT was performed using 256-channel high-density electroencephalography (HD-EEG). HD-EEG was used to identify the time course of cortical activation in brain areas associated with response inhibition. It was observed that one out of three participants used a proactive strategy for response switching based on probe response error and probe response reaction time. Instantaneous amplitude spatial maps obtained from HD-EEG revealed cortical activity corresponding to conflict between proactively-prepared incorrect responses and reactively-corrected goal-relevant responses after the probe was presented.Dissertation/Thesis
Masters Thesis Biomedical Engineering 2020
9
Glaser, Yi. "The Mechanisms of Proactive Interference and Their Relationship with Working Memory." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/64658.
Анотація:
Working memory (WM) capacity – the capacity to maintain and manipulate information in mind – plays an essential role in high-level cognitive functions. An important determinant of WM capacity is the ability to resolve interference of previously encoded but no longer relevant information (proactive interference: PI).
Four different mechanisms of PI resolution involving binding and inhibition have been proposed in the literature, although debate continues regarding their role. Braver et al. (2007) introduced an important distinction in the PI resolution literature, proposing two general types of PI control mechanisms that occur at different time points: proactive control (involves preparation in advance of the interference) and reactive control (occurs after interference occurs). This thesis proposed that among these four functions involving binding and inhibition, item inhibition and binding could be involved in proactive control, while familiarity inhibition and episodic inhibition could be involved in reactive control. The question is which mechanism in each pair is indeed involved in proactive control and reactive control respectively, and how these proactive control and reactive control mechanisms work together to resolve PI. In addition, do these mechanisms play a role in the relationship between PI resolution and WM?
In an individual differences study, individuals’ ability to resolve PI was assessed in memory tasks, with two versions of each that encouraged the use of either proactive or reactive control. In addition, measures were obtained of individuals’ ability of binding and inhibition in tasks that had minimal memory demands. Regression analyses showed contributions of binding and inhibition to PI resolution and WM. Moreover, these functions are responsible for the correlation between PI resolution and WM. In a neuroimaging study, the neural basis of proactive control was examined by comparing two memory tasks that differed in their demand on binding and inhibition. In addition, the brain regions engaged in reactive control was examined by contrasting trials involving interference or not. The thesis showed that item inhibition carried out by the left inferior frontal cortex (IFC) is involved in proactive control while episodic inhibition carried out by the left IFC and the posterior parietal cortex is involved in reactive control.
10
Allen, Corinne. "Inhibitory control mechanisms and their role in task switching: A multi-methodological approach." Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1911/71128.
Анотація:
Executive control allows us to ignore distraction and switch between tasks in a flexible, yet organized fashion. While a hallmark of controlled behavior, distinctions among executive control processes are not thoroughly agreed upon. The present work explored the organization of two of these executive control processes, inhibition and shifting, and their relationship to each other. There were two primary goals. The first goal was to investigate the distinction among inhibitory control processes, as “inhibition” has oftentimes been considered a unitary construct. For example, there is evidence that response-distractor inhibition, which involves resolving interference from dominant responses or distractors in the external environment, is different from resistance to proactive interference (PI), which involves overcoming interference from previously relevant representations in memory. Using aging, neuropsychology, and individual differences methodologies, I investigated the unity and diversity of inhibitory control mechanisms. The healthy aging and neuropsychological evidence supported a distinction between response-distractor inhibition and resistance to proactive interference. However, when controlling for processing speed, the individual differences work suggested a need for further specification, as only a subset of these tasks emerged in the single factor model that provided the best fit to the data. The second goal was to explore how inhibitory control processes interact with task switching, as some theoretical accounts of task switching have suggested that switch costs result from the need to overcome interference from the previously relevant task. Inconsistent with these theories, I found little relation between inhibitory control and measures of global and local task switching, and instead, working memory served as the best predictor of these shifting measures. In contrast, inhibitory control was related to the backward inhibition abilities of older adults. These findings are discussed within a theory of working memory that accounts for the patterns of results found across the different methodologies.
Частини книг з теми "Inhibition proactive":
1
Harris, Joseph, Malcolm Dick, Veronica Sandoval, Daniel Gallegos, Sean Lozano, Sergio Rangel, and Mary-Louise Kean. "Verbal and Motor Memory in Alzheimer’s Disease: Release from Proactive Inhibition." In Advances in Behavioral Biology, 309–15. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5337-3_43.
2
"Proactive Inhibition." In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders, 3676. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91280-6_301261.
3
"Proactive Inhibition." In Encyclopedia of Clinical Neuropsychology, 2028. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79948-3_4236.
4
Winters, John J. "Proactive Inhibition in Retarded Persons: Some Clues to Short-Term Memory Processing." In International Review of Research in Mental Retardation, 279–300. Elsevier, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0074-7750(08)60239-6.
Тези доповідей конференцій з теми "Inhibition proactive":
1
Deng, Chuntao, Gabriel Salamanca, and Monica Santander. "Managing Integrity of Underground Fiberglass Pipelines." In 2010 8th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2010-31138.
Анотація:
The majority of Husky’s fiberglass pipelines in Canada have been used in upstream oil gathering systems to carry corrosive substances. When properly designed and installed, fiberglass pipelines can be maintenance-free (i.e., no requirements for corrosion inhibition and cathodic protection, etc.) However, similar to many other upstream producers, Husky has experienced frequent fiberglass pipeline failures. A pipeline risk assessment was conducted using a load-resistance methodology for the likelihood assessment. Major threats and resistance-to-failure attributes were identified. The significance of each threat and resistance attribute, such as type and grade of pipe, and construction methods (e.g., joining, backfill, and riser connection) were analyzed based on failure statistical correlations. The risk assessment concluded that the most significant threat is construction activity interfering with the existing fiberglass pipe zone embedment. The most important resistance attribute to a fiberglass pipeline failure is appropriate bedding, backfill and compaction, especially at tie-in points. Proper backfilling provides most resistance to ground settlement, frost-heaving, thaw-unstable soil, or pipe movement due to residual stress or thermal, and pressure shocks. A technical analysis to identify risk mitigation options with the support of fiberglass pipe supplier and distributors was conducted. To reduce the risk of fiberglass pipeline failures, a formal backfill review process was adopted; and a general pipeline tie-in/repair procedure checklist was developed and incorporated into the maintenance procedure manual to improve the workmanship quality. Proactive mitigation options were also investigated to prevent failures on high risk fiberglass pipelines.
2
Kauzhanova, Aktoty, Lyudmila Te, John Reedy, Thaddeus Ivbade Ehighebolo, Mirko Bastiaan Heinerth, and Yerbol Khaidarov. "Field-Proven Well Surveillance Techniques Designed for an Early Well Scaling Diagnosis and Timely Well Performance Reinstatement: Case Study from the Kashagan Field." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207070-ms.
Анотація:
Abstract Some wells in the Kashagan field did not perform as well as expected. Despite producing virtually no water, calcite deposition was found to be the root cause of the problem. A comprehensive well surveillance program, which was proven to be very efficient for an early scaling diagnosis, was developed by the operator, North Caspian Operating Company (hereafter NCOC). As a result, well scaling is currently well managed and prevented from reoccurring. The objective of this paper is to share an early experience with well scaling in the Kashagan field, as well as to describe the developed set of well surveillance techniques. The aim of the various well surveillance techniques discussed in this paper is to improve an Operator's ability to identify the very first signs of scale accumulation. This, in its turn, enables to introduce timely adjustments to the well operating envelope and to schedule a scale remediation / inhibition treatment with the intention to prevent any potential scaling initiation from further development. The approach is quite extensive and incorporates continuous BHP/BHT monitoring, routine well testing, PTA analysis, and fluid/water sampling. Developed approach experienced multiple revisions and modifications. Further optimization continues, however, the described well surveillance techniques represent the latest Operator's vision on the most efficient way for well scaling monitoring and identification. In the Kashagan field, BHP/BHT readings have proved to be the most direct and instantaneous indication of any early signs of potential deterioration in well performance (qualitative analysis) while well testing and PTAs are considered as the most essential techniques in confirming and quantifying scaling severity (quantitative analysis). It is important to mention that BHT increase is explained by Joule-Thomson heating effect being specific for the Kashagan fluid (happening during increased pressure drawdown). This, in turns, enables to predict future well performance, design well operating envelop accordingly and, most importantly, develop a yearly schedule for proactive well treatments with SI. In conclusion, it shall be highlighted that discussed complex of well surveillance techniques has been concluded to be very efficient and reliable tool in identifying any scaling tendencies at its initial stage. Due to successful implementation of this approach in the Kashagan field, scale development is now well-managed and kept under control. To mention, that utilization of well surveillance techniques and methods outlined in this paper may reduce the time required to identify and ultimately mitigate well scale accumulation in any active assets with similar operating environments.
3
Kauzhanova, Aktoty, Lyudmila Te, John Reedy, Thaddeus Ivbade Ehighebolo, Mirko Bastiaan Heinerth, and Yerbol Khaidarov. "Field-Proven Well Surveillance Techniques Designed for an Early Well Scaling Diagnosis and Timely Well Performance Reinstatement: Case Study from the Kashagan Field." In SPE Annual Caspian Technical Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/207070-ms.
Анотація:
Abstract Some wells in the Kashagan field did not perform as well as expected. Despite producing virtually no water, calcite deposition was found to be the root cause of the problem. A comprehensive well surveillance program, which was proven to be very efficient for an early scaling diagnosis, was developed by the operator, North Caspian Operating Company (hereafter NCOC). As a result, well scaling is currently well managed and prevented from reoccurring. The objective of this paper is to share an early experience with well scaling in the Kashagan field, as well as to describe the developed set of well surveillance techniques. The aim of the various well surveillance techniques discussed in this paper is to improve an Operator's ability to identify the very first signs of scale accumulation. This, in its turn, enables to introduce timely adjustments to the well operating envelope and to schedule a scale remediation / inhibition treatment with the intention to prevent any potential scaling initiation from further development. The approach is quite extensive and incorporates continuous BHP/BHT monitoring, routine well testing, PTA analysis, and fluid/water sampling. Developed approach experienced multiple revisions and modifications. Further optimization continues, however, the described well surveillance techniques represent the latest Operator's vision on the most efficient way for well scaling monitoring and identification. In the Kashagan field, BHP/BHT readings have proved to be the most direct and instantaneous indication of any early signs of potential deterioration in well performance (qualitative analysis) while well testing and PTAs are considered as the most essential techniques in confirming and quantifying scaling severity (quantitative analysis). It is important to mention that BHT increase is explained by Joule-Thomson heating effect being specific for the Kashagan fluid (happening during increased pressure drawdown). This, in turns, enables to predict future well performance, design well operating envelop accordingly and, most importantly, develop a yearly schedule for proactive well treatments with SI. In conclusion, it shall be highlighted that discussed complex of well surveillance techniques has been concluded to be very efficient and reliable tool in identifying any scaling tendencies at its initial stage. Due to successful implementation of this approach in the Kashagan field, scale development is now well-managed and kept under control. To mention, that utilization of well surveillance techniques and methods outlined in this paper may reduce the time required to identify and ultimately mitigate well scale accumulation in any active assets with similar operating environments.
4
Punnapala, Sameer, Dalia Salim Abdullah, Mark Grutters, Zaharia Cristea, Hossam El Din Mohamed El Naggar, Fatima Jamal Bahamish, Rabah Senaad, Hasan Jamil Bakri, and Zafar Abbas. "Preventing Asphaltene Deposition by Inhibitor Squeeze Injection: Case Studies from Giant Carbonate Abu Dhabi Fields." In SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/206319-ms.
Анотація:
Abstract Asphaltene deposition is a notorious flow assurance problem faced by oil companies that causes production loss and large expenses for operators. The complex nature of asphaltenes and limited data available makes it challenging to develop a full field implementation strategy that is economically viable as well. Conducting asphaltene clean-up operations whenever wells get plugged up are the reactive approach to deal with asphaltene issues. However these approaches often result in prolonged well downtime, production losses and high well intervention costs. As part of proactive measures, chemical inhibitors were screened for formation squeeze and field trials conducted to assess their performance. Results from these trials helped to frame the full-field implementation strategy that is promising from a technical-economic standpoint. This paper describes the asphaltene mitigation journey of a major Abu Dhabi oil operator that resulted in multi-million dollar savings.