Дисертації з теми "Insurance contract/Risk/Claim"
Щоб переглянути інші типи публікацій з цієї теми, перейдіть за посиланням: Insurance contract/Risk/Claim.
Оформте джерело за APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard та іншими стилями
Ознайомтеся з топ-50 дисертацій для дослідження на тему "Insurance contract/Risk/Claim".
Біля кожної праці в переліку літератури доступна кнопка «Додати до бібліографії». Скористайтеся нею – і ми автоматично оформимо бібліографічне посилання на обрану працю в потрібному вам стилі цитування: APA, MLA, «Гарвард», «Чикаго», «Ванкувер» тощо.
Також ви можете завантажити повний текст наукової публікації у форматі «.pdf» та прочитати онлайн анотацію до роботи, якщо відповідні параметри наявні в метаданих.
Переглядайте дисертації для різних дисциплін та оформлюйте правильно вашу бібліографію.
1
Kouki-Zekri, Mériem. "Analyse du risque en assurance automobile : nouvelles approches." Thesis, Paris 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA020012/document.
Анотація:
La recherche menée dans cette thèse propose une contribution à l’analyse du risque sur le marché de l’assurance automobile en France. Trois nouveaux axes sont présentés : le premier axe s’inscrit dans un cadre théorique de marché d’assurance automobile. Un modèle original de double asymétrie d’information est présenté. Le principal résultat qui en découle est l’existence de deux sortes de contrats d’équilibre : un contrat séparateur et un contrat mélangeant. Le deuxième point est lié à la prise en compte de la sinistralité passée dans l’étude de la relation risque - couverture. Des modèles bivariés et trivariés sont appliqués pour cette fin. Il en ressort que l’hypothèse de l’asymétrie d’information est vérifiée. Enfin, la troisième question soulevée dans cette thèse concerne l’application de la surprime aux jeunes conducteurs. Nous montrons par des modélisations économétriques de la sinistralité que la légitimité des assureurs à proposer quasi systématiquement des tarifs plus élevés aux jeunes conducteurs par rapport aux conducteurs expérimentés n'est pas toujours vérifiéeThis dissertation provides a contribution to the risk analysis on the French automobile insurance market. The objective of this thesis is threefold. The first aim relates to a theoretical framework applied on insurance market. An original model of double asymmetry of information is presented The main result that emerges is the existence of two kinds of contracts at equilibrium :a separating contract and a pooling contract. The second point concerns the past claims and the risk-coverage correlation. Bivariate and trivariate models are applied for this purpose. It results that the assumption of asymmetry of information is not rejected. The third issue is related to the over-premium that insurers apply quasi-systematically to the young drivers. We show, using econometric modeling, that this over-pricing compared to the experienced drivers’premium isnot necessary and its removal does not compromise the sustainability of the insurance company
2
Brunel, Guillaume. "L'assurance de protection juridique : contribution à l'évolution du modèle assuranciel de l'accès au droit et à la justice." Thesis, Perpignan, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022PERP0011.
Анотація:
L'assurance de protection juridique apparaît comme l'un des moyens pour faciliter l'accès au droit et financer l'accès à la justice. C'est parce qu'il existe un risque d'avoir à engager des frais pour faire valoir ou défendre ses droits que cette assurance peut répondre au besoin de l'assuré d'être protégé juridiquement et financièrement. L'assurance de protection juridique permet-elle de garantir un réel accès au droit et à la justice. L’objectif de recherche est de proposer une évolution de l’assurance de protection juridique pour améliorer l’accès au droit et à la justice. La première partie de la thèse est consacrée au développement de l'assurance de protection juridique et à sa contribution pour l'accès au droit et à la justice. Nos recherches montrent que les assureurs de protection juridique ont contribué, au cours du XXe siècle, à l'émergence d'un système assuranciel d'accès au droit et à la justice. Cependant, le droit positif n'a pas conféré à cette branche d'assurance un système capable de répondre aux nouveaux besoins assuranciels, nés des attentes des justiciables en termes de connaissance du droit et d'accès à la justice, ou attendus par les pouvoirs publics en termes de financement de l'aide juridictionnelle. Si l'analyse du système actuel nous amène à comprendre les limites de l'assurance de protection juridique, les résultats de la recherche montrent qu'une négation des limites de l'assurance de protection juridique porterait atteinte aux principes fondamentaux qui régissent l'assurance. En effet, l'assureur sélectionne les risques pour déterminer ceux qu'il va garantir. Au-delà de ces limites, il n'est plus question de mutualisation mais de solidarité. La solidarité, née de la demande des pouvoirs publics pour le financement de l'aide juridictionnelle, à laquelle une approche révolue, fondée sur l'assurance des frais de procès, ne peut répondre. Pour y remédier, la deuxième partie de la thèse s'attache à proposer une évolution du modèle assuranciel actuel afin d’améliorer l'accès au droit et à la justice. L'approche restrictive du rôle de l'assureur de protection juridique, en tant qu'assureur de procès, n'est plus adaptée. Il ne s'agit plus d'indemniser les préjudices subis mais de garantir la gestion juridique d'un litige. L'assureur de protection juridique ne doit donc plus être cantonné dans un rôle de tiers payeur d’indemnités ; au contraire, doit être favorisée une approche privilégiant la prévention et le règlement amiable des litiges. Après avoir déterminé la manière dont les compagnies d'assurance peuvent contribuer à cette évolution, nos conclusions nous amènent à proposer un modèle adapté de résolution des désaccords, issu de recherches en droit comparé qui justifie, non seulement une évolution du régime de l'assurance de protection juridique, mais aussi celle du modèle assuranciel d'accès au droit et à la justiceThe legal protection insurance appears to be one of the means of facilitating access to the law and financing access to justice. It is because there is a risk of having to incur costs to assert or defend his rights that, this insurance can meet the need of the insured to be legally and financially protected. The research objective is to determine whether the current system allows legal protection insurance to guarantee real access to law and justice. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the development of legal protection insurance and its contribution to access to law and justice. Our research shows that legal protection insurers have contributed, during the 20th century, to the emergence of an insurance system for access to law and justice. However, positive law has not conferred on this branch of insurance a system capable of answer at the new insurance needs, born of the expectations of litigants in terms of knowledge of the law and access to justice, or expected by the public authorities in terms of funding legal aid. If the analysis of the current system leads us to understand the limits of legal protection insurance, the research results show that a negation of the limits of legal protection insurance would undermine the fundamental principles that govern insurance. Indeed, the insurer selects the risks to determine which ones it will guarantee. Beyond these limits, it is no longer a question of pooling but of solidarity. Solidarity, born from the request of the public authorities for the financing of legal aid, which an outdated approach, based on trial expense insurance, cannot respond. To remedy this, the second part of the thesis endeavors to propose an evolution of the current insurance model to improve access to law and justice. The restrictive approach of the role of the legal protection insurer as a lawsuit insurer is no longer appropriate. It is no longer a question of compensating for damages suffered but of guaranteeing the legal management of a dispute. The legal protection insurer should therefore not no longer be confined in a role of third payer of indemnities ; on the contrary, should be preferred an approach favoring the prevention and the amicable settlement of disputes. After determining the way in which the insurance companies can contribute to this development, our conclusions lead us to propose an adapted model of conflict resolution, resulting from research in comparative law, which justifies not only an evolution of the regimen of legal protection insurance but also that of the insurance model of access to law and justice
3
Yeo, Keng Leong Actuarial Studies Australian School of Business UNSW. "Claim dependence in credibility models." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Actuarial Studies, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/25971.
Анотація:
Existing credibility models have mostly allowed for one source of claim dependence only, that across time for an individual insured risk or a group of homogeneous insured risks. Numerous circumstances demonstrate that this may be inadequate and insufficient. In this dissertation, we developed a two-level common effects model, based loosely on the Bayesian model, which allows for two possible sources of dependence, that across time for the same individual risk and that between risks. For the case of Normal common effects, we are able to derive explicit formulas for the credibility premium. This takes the intuitive form of a weighted average between the individual risk's claims experience, the group's claims experience and the prior mean. We also consider the use of copulas, a tool widely used in other areas of work involving dependence, in constructing credibility premiums. Specifically, we utilise copulas to model the dependence across time for an individual risk or group of homogeneous risks. We develop the construction with several well-known families of copulas and are able to derive explicit formulas for their respective conditional expectations. Whilst some recent work has been done on constructing credibility models with copulas, explicit formulas for the conditional expectations have rarely been made available. Finally, we calibrate these copula credibility models using a real data set. This data set relates to the claims experience of workers' compensation insurance by occupation over a 7-year period for a particular state in the United States. Our results show that for each occupation, claims dependence across time is indeed present. Amongst the copulas considered in our empirical analysis, the Cook-Johnson copula model is found to be the best fit for the data set used. The calibrated copula models are then used for prediction of the next period's claims. We found that the Cook-Johnson copula model gives superior predictions. Furthermore, this calibration exercise allowed us to uncover the importance of examining the nature of the data and comparing it with the characteristics of the copulas we are calibrating to.
4
Moerup, Casper Jacob. "Prediction of claim cost in general insurance." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/18176.
Анотація:
Mestrado em Actuarial ScienceO trabalho seguinte foi realizado durante uma colocação de estágio na If Industrial P & C Insurance, em Estocolmo, na Suécia. Este relatório destaca e discute algumas das diferenças entre o seguro industrial e privado e percorre o processo de “Análise do Ano Normal”. A análise avalia os dados das reivindicações com o objetivo de projetar as perdas em um ano no futuro. A Teoria do Risco Colectivo e a Estimação da Máxima Verossimilhança são utilizadas para obter uma estimativa da gravidade das reivindicações. Além disso, as reservas são estimadas usando o método Chain-ladder. A seção final do relatório descreve uma análise de sensibilidade de um modelo para as reservas de ajuste de sinistros. Esta análise mostra o impacto da introdução de dois novos parâmetros, o que explica a parte já desenvolvida das reivindicações abertas.
The following work was carried out during an internship placement at If Industrial P&C Insurance in Stockholm, Sweden. This report highlights and discusses some of the differences between Industrial and Private insurance and walks through the “Normal Year Analysis”-procedure. The analysis assesses the claims data with the goal of projecting the losses one year into the future. Collective Risk Theory and Maximum Likelihood Estimation is used to obtain an estimate of the severity of the claims. In addition, the reserves are estimated, using the Chain-ladder method. The final section of the report describes a sensitivity analysis of a model for the Claims Adjustment Reserves. This analysis shows the impact of introducing two new parameters, which accounts for the already developed part of the open claims.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
5
Chen, Hua. "Contingent Claim Pricing with Applications to Financial Risk Management." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2008. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/rmi_diss/22.
Анотація:
Contingent Claim Pricing with Applications to Financial Risk Management By Hua Chen 2008 Committee Chair: Samuel H. Cox and Shaun Wang Major Academic Unit: Department of Risk Management and Insurance This is a multi-essay dissertation designed to explore the contingent claim pricing theory with non-tradable underlying assets, with emphasis on its applications to insurance and risk management. In the first essay, I apply the real option pricing theory and dynamic programming methods to address problems in the area of operational risk management. Particularly, I develop a two-stage model to help firms determine optimal switching triggers in the event of an influenza epidemic. In the second essay, I examine mortality securitization in an incomplete market framework. I build a jump-diffusion process into the original Lee-Carter model and explore alternative model with transitory versus permanent jump effects. I discuss pricing difficulties of the Swiss Re mortality bond (2003) and use the Wang transform to account for correlations of the mortality index over time. In the third essay, I study the valuation of the non-recourse provision in reverse mortgages. I model the various risks embedded in the HECM program and apply the conditional Esscher transform to price the non-recourse provision. I further examine the premium structure of HECM loans and investigate whether insurance premiums are adequate to cover expected claims.
6
Al-Tassan, Fahad. "The importance of ancillary insurance benefits by members of Medicare risk contract insurance plan." Thesis, Boston University, 2000. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/29783.
7
Corzo, de la Colina Rafael, and Mendoza José Villafuerte. "Great risk insurances and disproportionate protection of insured persons in insurance contract Law." IUS ET VERITAS, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/122964.
Анотація:
In this article, the authors tell us about great risk insurances and describe its regulation in foreign law. Then, they point out the protective role of State in the consumption relationship is to reduce information asymmetries, but there is no total disclosure obligation in the market. Therefore, information asymmetry ceases to be relevant when the user of the service has negotiating capacity and necessary resources to make an informed decision. They conclude it is pertinent to equate the application of the Peruvian Insurance Contract Law to international standards.En el presente artículo, los autores nos hablan de los seguros de grandes riesgos y describen su tratamiento en la legislación extranjera. Luego, señalan que el rol protector del Estado en la relación de consumo es reducir las asimetrías informativas, pero no existe una obligación total de divulgación de información en el mercado. Por lo tanto, la asimetría informativa deja de ser relevante cuando el usuario del servicio tenga capacidad de negociación y recursos suficientes para tomar una decisión informada. Concluyen que es pertinente equiparar la aplicación de la Ley del Contrato de Seguro peruana a estándares internacionales.
8
Trayhorn, Benjamin. "Power plant system reliability analysis : applications to insurance risk selection and pricing." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2012. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7906.
Анотація:
Within the Speciality Engineering Insurance Field the use of engineering opinion is the main component in risk analysis for underwriting decision making. The use of risk analysis tools to quantify the risk associated with perils such as mechanical breakdown is limited. A reliability model for the risk analysis of mechanical breakdown risk for the power generation sector, PowerRAT, has been developed and its performance evaluated against historic claim data. It has proven to closely forecast actual losses over a portfolio of power plants, and differentiate between power plant type; conventional steam, simple and combined cycle gas turbine plants. Differentiation based on the factors of equipment type and policy terms has been demonstrated. A review of existing survey report methodology has shown highly variable quality of reports with significant missing information on which to make underwriting decisions. A best practice survey report contents has been proposed in order to provide a consistent level of information for comparison with other risks. The development cycle of PowerRAT has led to a proposed framework for the development of future risk assessment tools for insurance. This is built on four main areas: risk identification, data analysis, calculation methodology and insurance factors.
9
Delgado, Marta Marina Santos. "Car renting? Risk mitigation at the end of the contract." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/13015.
Анотація:
Mestrado em FinançasO renting é uma solução face à compra de uma frota completa. Nos dias de hoje é visto como uma opção flexível que permite uma melhor gestão e redução de custos, repassando os riscos associados à desvalorização dos carros para o locador. O renting de automóveis oferece vários serviços aos seus clientes, tais como: manutenção, seguro, cartão de combustível, assistência em viagem e veículo de substituição, gestão de sinistros, serviços administrativos, impostos entre outros. No entanto, no final do contrato, os clientes são muitas vezes confrontados com custos elevados não enquadráveis no desgaste habitual de uma viatura. Por outro lado, as locadoras ao receberem os veículos com danos, assumem uma perda no valor da venda. É assim fundamental encontrar um ponto de equilíbrio entre as duas partes - cliente e locadora. O objectivo do presente trabalho final de mestrado é desenvolver uma solução que ajude a minimizar e a gerir os riscos associados a um contrato de renting, nomeadamente no final do contrato. Tendo por base informação histórica, vamos apresentar uma cobertura de seguro que irá proteger os clientes dos custos elevados e permitirá às empresas de renting aumentarem a sua rentabilidade, não só através do resultado técnico da cobertura mas também através de uma carteira de investimentos.
Renting is a solution regarding the purchase of an entire fleet. Nowadays it is known as a flexible option which allows cost reductions, rationalization plans and passing of associated risks facing the car value - depreciation and used car sales. The car renting offers a lot of services as: maintenance, insurance, fuel card, road side assistance and replacement car, claim handling and administrative services, taxes, tyres and so on. However, in the end of the contract the customers are sometimes surprised with extra costs from damages not included on vehicle normal usage. On the other point of view, the renting companies also lose on the sales results. Thus, it is crucial finding a balance for the two involved parties - the customer and the renting company. The aim of the present master final work is to develop a solution which helps to minimize and to manage the inherent risks of a renting contract, particularly in the end of the contract. Based on historical data we'll present an insurance cover that can protect the customers from the "big costs" and also allows renting companies to improve the results not even by a profitability cover but also combined with different financial investments.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
10
Zimmermann, Pavel. "General Insurance Reserve Risk Modeling Based on Unaggregated Data." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2004. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-77092.
Анотація:
Recently the eld of actuarial mathematics has experienced a large development due to a signi cant increase of demands for insurance and nancial risk quanti cation due to the fact that the implementation of a complex of rules of international reporting standards (IFRS) and solvency reporting (Solvency II) has started. It appears that the key question for solvency measuring is determination of probability distribution of future cash ows of an insurance company. Solvency is then reported through an appropriate risk measure based e.g. on a percentile of this distribution. While as present popular models are based solely on aggregated data (such as total loss development from a certain time period), the main objective of this work is to scrutinize possibilities of modelling of the reserve risk (i.e. roughly said, the distribution of the ultimate incurred value of claims that have already happened in the past) based directly on individual claims. These models have not yet become popular and to the author's knowledge an overview of such models has not been published previously. The assumptions and speci cation of the already published models were compared to the practical experience and some inadequacies were pointed out. Further more a new reserve risk model was constructed which is believed to have practically more suitable assumptions and properties than the existing models. Theoretical aspects of the new model were studied and distribution of the ultimate incurred value (the modelled variable) was derived. An emphasis was put also on practical aspects of the developed model and its applicability in the case of industrial use. Therefore some restrictive assumptions which might be considered realistic in variety of practical cases and which lead to a signi cant simpli cation of the model were identi ed throughout the work. Furthermore, algorithms to reduce the number of the necessary calculations were developed. In the last chapters of the work, an e ort was devoted to the methods of the estimation of the considered parameters respecting practical limitations (such as missing observations at the time of modelling). For this purpose, survival analysis was (amongst other methods) applied.
11
Seo, Sangtaek. "Effects of federal risk management programs on investment, production, and contract design under uncertainty." Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/3117.
Анотація:
Agricultural producers face uncertain agricultural production and market
conditions. Much of the uncertainty faced by agricultural producers cannot be controlled
by the producer, but can be managed. Several risk management programs are available
in the U.S. to help manage uncertainties in agricultural production, marketing, and
finance. This study focuses on the farm level economic implications of the federal risk
management programs. In particular, the effects of the federal risk management
programs on investment, production, and contract design are investigated.
The dissertation is comprised of three essays. The unifying theme of these
essays is the economic analysis of crop insurance programs. The first essay examines
the effects of revenue insurance on the entry and exit thresholds of table grape producers
using a real option approach. The results show that revenue insurance decreases the
entry and exit thresholds compared with no revenue insurance, thus increasing the
investment and current farming operation. If the policy goal is to induce more farmers
in grape farming, the insurance policy with a high coverage level and high subsidy rate
is effective.
In the second essay, a mathematical programming model is used to examine the
effects of federal risk management programs on optimal nitrogen fertilizer use and land
allocation simultaneously. Current insurance programs and the Marketing Loan
Program increase the optimal fertilizer rate 2% and increase the optimal cotton acreage
119-130% in a Texas cotton-sorghum system. Assuming nitrogen is harmful to the
environment and cotton requires higher nitrogen use, these risk management programs
counteract federal environmental programs.
The third essay uses a principal-agent model to examine the optimal contract
design that induces the best effort from the farmer when crop insurance is purchased.
With the introduction of crop insurance, the investorÂs optimal equity financing contract
requires that the farmer bear more risk in order to have the incentive to work hard, which
is achieved by increasing variable compensation and decreasing fixed compensation.
12
Vala, Marek. "Pojistné podvody." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-233197.
Анотація:
This thesis examinate by insurance frauds in transport. The thesis is thematicly divided to main individual parts. In the first part are summarized the theoretical concepts which pursue these issues. The second part focuses on a survey among the public regarding insurance frauds. The main target of this thesis is describing the current state of trade, where the main target will suggest more advantageous and more effective solutions for business based on the detected information and then will be applied to the practice.
13
Mahfuz, Mahfuz. "A research to develop English insurance law to accommodate Islamic principles." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2013. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/a-research-to-develop-english-insurance-law-to-accommodate-islamic-principles(ba9df8a6-58e2-4506-b62e-431238740e73).html.
Анотація:
In recent years the popularity of Islamic insurance policies has grown rapidly with many companies across the world providing this service. London is said to be the hub for Islamic finance. It is well known for welcoming innovative financial methods. The FSA have already authorised the insurance company Salaam Halal to provide policies based on Shariah principles. The FSA, however, announced that they must operate within the same legal framework as all other insurance policies. Consequently English law has to be applied in Islamic policies taken in this country. However, in many aspects, Shariah principles contradict English insurance law. This thesis aims to discover how they contradict and recommend how the Islamic insurance policies can be applied in English law without breaking Shariah principles. As Shariah principles merely provide a wide boundary within which any law can be applied, this thesis analyses English insurance law first, and then discusses how Islamic insurance policies can operate within the English framework. In many cases, English insurance law crosses the boundary of Shairah principles due to its unfair consequences. Consequently making English insurance law fairer could be the best solution to allow the use of Islamic insurance policies under English law. Pragmatically, the thesis focuses mainly on problems within current English insurance law and recommends possible solutions. In many cases, the solutions suggested by the Law Commission are found to be incapable of establishing fairness. The majority part of this thesis is spent trying to establish a fairer framework for English insurance law. This fairer English insurance law is found to be Shariah compliant in most cases. In some cases it is not complaint due to operational differences between the two legal systems. In these cases, the thesis recommends that the Islamic insurer should incorporate certain terms to make policies Shariah compliant without breaching English insurance law.
14
Cetinkaya, Sirzat. "Valuation Of Life Insurance Contracts Using Stochastic Mortality Rate And Risk Process Modeling." Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/3/12608214/index.pdf.
Анотація:
In life insurance contracts, actuaries generally value premiums using deterministic mortality rates and interest rates. They have ignored them stochastically in most of the studies. However it is known that neither interest rates nor mortality rates are constant. It is also known that companies may encounter insolvency problems such as ruin, so the ruin probability need to be added to the valuation of the life insurance contracts process. Insurance companies should model their surplus processes to price some types of life insurance contracts and to see risk position. In this study, mortality rates and surplus processes are modeled and
financial strength of companies are utilized when pricing life insurance contracts.
15
Egelius, Eric, and Anna Methander. "Evaluation of the Variance in the Premium Provision Estimate : Handling Inhomogeneous and Decreasing Risk in Premium Provision Purposes." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för matematik och matematisk statistik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-184554.
Анотація:
The costs related to events of losses within non-life insurance are stochastic and a prerequisite of running a successful insurance business is to predict risks and future costs. From both a business- and regulatory perspective, it is of high interest to have a genuine understanding of the precision and the sensitivity of the estimated costs and future risks. This thesis aims to provide an alternative procedure of how to estimate the costs related to the future and, above all, the variance, in the case of dealing with inhomogeneous and decreasing risk. The procedure is based on a separate modeling of the claim frequency and the claim severity, that later can be combined to yield a total cost distribution for a determined time period. The claim severities are modeled based on a parametric and a non-parametric approach and the claim frequencies are modeled with the resampling method bootstrap and by the use of scenarios. The thesis is made in collaboration with the insurance company, Anticimex Insurance, who has contributed with the data as well as expert knowledge related to the actuarial field. The results of the thesis show that the procedure is successful for evaluating estimated total costs distributions and their first and second moments, even in the case of inhomogeneous and decreasing risk.Kostnader som uppkommer på grund av skador inom skadeförsäkring är stokasiska och en förusättning för att kunna bedriva ett framgångsrikt försäkringsbolag är att kunna prediktera risk och framtida kostnader. Utifrån ett såväl försäkrings- som reglatoriskt perspektiv är det av stor vikt att ha en gedigen förståelse av både precisionen och känsligheten i de skattade estimaten. Denna uppsats syftar till att ta fram ett alternativt tillvägagångssätt till hur kostnader relaterade till framtiden ska predikteras, med fokus på att utvärdera variationen i estimaten, vid fallet av en inhomogen och avtagande risk. Tillvägagångssättet bygger på en uppdelning mellan antalet skador och kostnaden för skador, vilka modelleras separat för att sedan kombineras och ge en totalkostnadsfördelning för den avsedda tidsperioden. De historiska kostnaderna modelleras utifrån ett parametriskt- och ett ickeparametriskt tillvägagångssätt. Skadefrekvensen modelleras med hjälp av bland annat samplingsmetoden bootstrap samt genom användandet av scenarier. Uppsatsen görs i samarbete med skadeförsäkringsbolaget, Anticimex Försäkringar, vilka har bidragit med data och expertkunskap inom det aktuariella området. Arbetets resultat visar att det föreslagna tillvägagångssättet är en framgångsrik strategi för att utvärdera de första två momenten av de predikterade totalkostnadsfördelningarna, även vid fallet av en inhomogen och avtagande risk.
16
Petersen, Luiza Linhares Moreira. "Risco como elemento do contrato de seguro." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/165148.
Анотація:
O contrato de seguro é polarizado pelo risco. Tendo por finalidade neutralizar os efeitos do risco que ameaça o interesse legítimo do segurado, este tipo contratual se estrutura a partir da troca entre prêmio e cobertura: enquanto o segurado se obriga ao pagamento do prêmio, o segurador se obriga à garantia do interesse do segurado, comprometendo-se a uma prestação eventual, em caso de sinistro. Enquanto possibilidade de um evento adverso ao interesse do segurado, o risco justifica a contratação do seguro. Ademais, conforma a estrutura e a base econômica do contrato, assim como o desenvolvimento de toda a relação contratual. O presente trabalho se encontra estruturado em três partes, tendo por objeto a análise do risco no contrato de seguro. Na primeira, examina-se o percurso histórico, os elementos, a causa e a natureza jurídica do seguro. Na segunda parte, são identificadas as características do risco segurável e o papel do risco na conformação da base econômica do contrato. Na terceira parte, examina-se o risco enquanto elemento que conforma o desenvolvimento da relação contratual, em consideração ao qual se estabelecem direitos e deveres a ambos os contratantes, seja na fase pré-contratual (declaração inicial do risco), seja na fase de execução do contrato (agravamento-diminuição do risco).The insurance contract is polarized by risk. In order to neutralize the effects of the risk which threatens the insurable interest, this contractual type is structured from the exchange between premium and coverage: while the insured undertakes to pay the premium, the insurer undertakes to guarantee the unsurable interest, committing itself to carrying out a specified duty in case of loss. As an event adverse to the insurable interest, the risk justifies the purchase of insurance. In addition, it conforms the structure and economic base of the contract, as well as the development of the entire contractual relationship. This paper is structured in three parts, and its purpose is to analyze the risk in the insurance contract. In the first part, the historical path, the elements, the cause and the legal nature of the insurance are examined. In the second part, the characteristics of the insurable risk and the role of the risk in the conformation of the economic base of the contract are identified. In the third part, risk is examined as an element in the development of the contractual relationship, taking into account the rights and obligations of both contractors, whether in the pre-contractual stage (misrepresentation and nondisclosure) or in the performance of the contract (aggravation-reduction of risk).
17
Doláková, Hana. "Pojištěnost města Třešť." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221722.
Анотація:
A subjekt of this diploma thesis is to characterize risks and find suitable insurance portfolio. So an objektive of my thesis is suggestion suitable insurance portfolio for thw town Třešť. Diploma thesis is about risks, their classification, insurance and insurance products for non-profit-making organization. I tis focused on kriteria important for a organization when choosing an appropriate insurance too. It contains brief description of the organization and analysis of risks that can threaten it. Current insurance products are analyzed and optimal insurance coverage suggested.
18
Pukk, Härenstam Karin. "Learning from patient injury claims : an assessment of the potential of patient injury claims to a safety information system in healthcare /." Stockholm, 2007. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2007/978-91-7357-153-1/.
19
Novotná, Svatava. "Problematika pojištění majetku obce Vrbátky." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-222072.
Анотація:
The thesis is bent on problems associated with concept of suitable proprietary insurance of municipality Vrbátky. On the basis of the municipality’s risk analysis is designed proprietary insurance coverage, which minimizes the impact of the most severe risks on the municipality’s running.
20
Dyntar, Lukáš. "Problematika pojištění vozového parku vybraného podnikatelského subjektu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221735.
Анотація:
This master’s thesis analyzes issue of company car insurance in a selected business subject. Evaluates current state of insurance, compares it with current offer of insurance products on the Czech insurance market and determines appropriate actions for improvement of insurance protection of company car in the selected business subject.
21
Holan, Michal. "Pojištění individuální výstavby rodinného domu." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225949.
Анотація:
The aim of this thesis is to analyze the possibility of arranging insurance house under construction in a variety of insurance companies. Unexpected risks that may occur, often causing major economic problems. If a legal or natural person out appropriate insurance will help him overcome the financial consequences of loss of insurance coverage.
22
Niščáková, Jana. "Problematika pojistné ochrany majetku obce Nový Malín." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221714.
Анотація:
This diploma thesis analyses the issues, which are connected with the insurance portfolio concept for the property of Novy Malin community. It includes analysis of all risks and suggestions of an insurance portfolio that can help the community minimize the most serious risks to its activities through commercial insurance and reduce to lowest level the threats to those activities.
23
Goulart, Úrsula Santos de Ávila. "O agravamento do risco no contrato de seguro." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2010. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=2320.
Анотація:
Este trabalho objetivou demonstrar o que é e quais os requisitos adotados pela doutrina e pela jurisprudência para que seja aplicado o instituto do agravamento do risco (previsto nos artigos 768 e 769 do Código Civil) nos contratos de seguro, e quais os seus efeitos jurídicos. Para tanto, examinou-se o contrato de seguro buscando revelar a dimensão coletiva que este tipo negocial possui por excelência, em detrimento de parte da doutrina ainda restrita a uma leitura atomística e individualista deste contrato. Partiu-se, ainda, da premissa de que a boa-fé (seja na sua acepção objetiva ou subjetiva) é qualificada no contrato de seguro, eis que este tipo contratual é todo sob ela estruturado. O princípio da boa-fé é uma via de mão dupla que cria deveres para ambas as partes, cujas declarações e comportamentos serão fundamentais para a delimitação do objeto do seguro e para o alcance da função social desse tipo contratual. A boa-fé estará, ainda, incisivamente presente e modelando a relação obrigacional do seguro em todas as fases contratuais: antes da conclusão do contrato, na apresentação da proposta do contrato; durante a relação obrigacional, nas declarações necessárias sobre eventuais alterações no risco (tais como o seu agravamento), e, ainda, na fase pós-contratual, sempre considerando a natureza comunitária do seguro. Passou-se, também, por algumas questões polêmicas envolvendo a utilização de determinadas cláusulas no seguro, tidas como contrárias à boa-fé, a exemplo da cláusula perfil, cuja validade deve ser avaliada no caso concreto, e possui íntima relação com o agravamento do risco.The objective of this thesis is to list and explain the requisites adopted by both the doctrine and the jurisprudence for the application of the principle of risk aggravation (as prescribed in articles n. 768 and 769 of the Civil Code) to insurance contracts as well as its legal implications. Hence, the insurance contract was scrutinized in an attempt to discover the exact dimension that this business document has par excellence to the detriment of part of the doctrine still restricted to an isolated and individualistic reading of such a contract. Besides, it was assumed that good faith (be it seen from an objective or subjective perspective) is qualified in the insurance contract, for this type of contract is entirely grounded on it. The principle of good faith is a two-way relationship that gives rise to obligations for both parties, whose information and behaviour wil be essential to delimit the object of the insurance and to accomplish the social function of this sort of contractual instrument. Good faith will be incisively present and shaping the obligation based relation in all of the contract phases: before the conclusion of the contract, on the presentation of the contract proposal, during the business relation, in the necessary statements concerning eventual alterations in the risk (such as its aggravation), and, also, in the post-contractual phase, always taking into consideration the community nature of the insurance. Also examined were some polemical issues involving the use of certain clauses in the insurance contract, deemed contrary to good faith, such as the profile clause, whose validity has to be evaluated in concrete terms, and which bears close relation to the risk aggravation.
24
Geaves, Linda Helen. "Public priorities and public goods : the drivers and responses to transitions in flood risk management." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:6a5de60c-1920-403e-aaf7-0c8b8655edef.
Анотація:
This thesis examines the role of the public in Flood Risk Management (FRM) service provision at a time when the perceptions of the distribution of benefits provided by FRM interventions are in flux, and the role the public should play in FRM highly contested among stakeholders. Two schemes have marked the revised role of the public in FRM - Partnership Funding and Flood Re - both of which challenge existing judgments of the excludability and rivalry of benefits delivered by FRM interventions. The Partnership Funding scheme allocates capital for FRM projects proportionately to the public benefits they provide, allowing communities to top-up grants through local contributions. In comparison, by increasing accessibility to affordable insurance through cross-subsidies and pricing signals, Flood Re highlights a growing recognition that the distribution of gains as a result of widespread insurance uptake is greater than the benefits received by the policyholder alone. Following the identification of these schemes, we tested their social feasibility, examining both the scale and distribution of benefits. Due to the different stages of implementation of each scheme at the time of writing this thesis, two distinct methods were developed. The Partnership Funding Chapter used field data to examine how public-private funding of flood defences has changed service provision and the public acceptance of this transition. Whereas the Flood Re chapter used computer-based experiments to hypothesize how Flood Re may make the purchase of insurance a more or less attractive investment for different types of consumer. We found that Partnership Funding enabled more FRM projects to go ahead, raised public awareness of flood risk, and improved collaboration between stakeholders, but encouraged lower-cost projects, which, in the longer term, could transfer the expense of managing residual risk to the householder. In comparison, Flood Re provided peace of mind to householders struggling to afford rises in insurance premiums, but disproportionately benefited those who annually purchased insurance. Combining this proposed inequity in Flood Re with increasing residual risks, we identify a gap in service provision for the public who cannot afford household mitigation measures. We propose that loss mitigation and flood defence should become increasingly collaborative in line with the complexities of flooding within a community. We seek a move away from the information asymmetry which currently exists between insurance providers and policyholders, and yet simultaneously call for local authorities to recognise the capacity of the public to participate in FRM, and sustain resilience in the face of rising flood risk.
25
Chrástová, Šárka. "Stanovení výše pojistného plnění za škodu na rodinném domě v Ivančicích způsobenou požárem." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-232740.
Анотація:
The aim of the Thesis is to establish the height of the insurance claim for the damage caused by the fire of the family house in Ivančice. The Thesis is divided into two separate sections, the theoretical one and the practical one. The theoretical part deals with the Czech insurance market issues such as property evaluation and evaluation of construction works. In the practical part there are established two different insurance value of the property. First one relates to the condition of the property shortly after completion and the second one should reflect the state of the property shortly before the damage caused by the fire. This part of the Thesis is followed by the description of the insurance claim with the list of damage caused by the fire supplemented with calculation of cost of the adequate reconstruction. The final part of the document contains comparation of the insurance value established shortly before the damage and the insurance value of the property evaluatated after the reconstruction.
26
Tomaštík, Václav. "Návrh pojistného portfolia pro vybraný podnikatelský subjekt." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta podnikatelská, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-221716.
Анотація:
Topic master´s thesis is „Insurance portfolio proposal of a selected business subjekt“. The work drala about portfolio proposal, where situation of this copany is analyse and gives recommendation how to lead it too.
27
Vondráková, Ivana. "Pojistně technické rezervy komerčních pojišťoven." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-81942.
Анотація:
Technical provisions represent one of the most important item of liabilities in accounting of an insurance company. Technical provisions reperesent liabilities for clients of the insurance companies. The exact amount of these provisions is not known in advance. The main reason for generating technical provisions by insurance companies is to fulfill the liabilites arising from insurance and reinsurance contracts in the future. The first chapter of this thesis deals with the principle of the provisions in accounting in general. The next chapters deals with the provisions generated according to IFRS and the czech law. The most extensive chapter describes the technical provisions from the perspective of the czech law for insurance companies. The examples of the technical provisions are the integral part of the thesis.
28
Zajíček, Jakub. "Matematické modelování v neživotním pojištění." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-206672.
Анотація:
This diploma thesis deals with the mathematical models in general insurance. The aim of this thesis is to analyse selected mathematical models that are widely used in general insurance for the estimation of insurance portfolio statistics, pricing and the regulatory capital requirement calculation. Claim frequency models, claim severity models, aggregate loss models and generalized linear models are analysed. This thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. The theoretical part contains description of selected models. Described models are then applied to a real dataset in the practical part. The real dataset modelling was performed using the statistical software R. It has been proved that maximum likelihood parameter estimations are of better quality than the method of moments or quantile method estimations. The results of aggregate loss distribution computational methods are comparable. This comparability is mostly caused by a large number of observations. In the context of tariff analysis it was found that the most significant factors are driver's age and the driver's area of residence.
29
Čáp, Radim. "Modelování ceny stavebního díla v závislosti na reálných smluvních vztazích." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-392283.
Анотація:
Dissertation deals with the design of appropriate procedures for modeling of construction costs in accordance with contractors bid, considering possible risks of construction project with focus on one type of FIDIC contract conditions, the so-called Red Book. The description of the potential risk and cost impacts on the construction contract in the pre-production stage of the bid preparation and in the implementation phase.
30
Soldán, Petr. "Pojištění budovaného díla." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-225638.
Анотація:
This thesis deals with the risks, insurance and the related insurance contract. The risks and the insurance contract is described in connection with the building project.Part of the thesis analyzes the selected insurance companies operating on the Czechmarket. The practical part is concerned with case studies of selected business entity and the building project with the subsequent evaluation and recommendations.
31
Souza, Thelma de Mesquita Garcia e. "O dever de informar e sua aplicação ao contrato de seguro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-07062013-143302/.
Анотація:
Este estudo trata da informação que permeia os contratos e de sua aplicação ao contrato de seguro, da perspectiva do Direito e da Economia, ciências sociais que se complementam, porque aplicadas à mesma realidade, que será mais fielmente retratada se analisada sob ângulos diferentes, mas correlatos. Perquirindo a função da informação no contrato, constata que, se concernente a elemento essencial deste, a ele adere, passando a integrá-lo, o que determina sua importância nesse contexto e indica o regime jurídico que lhe deve ser aplicado. A investigação da distribuição da informação entre os contratantes e dos efeitos eventualmente nocivos da assimetria informacional, como o incentivo ao oportunismo, o aumento dos custos de transação e a obtenção de ganhos indevidos do contrato, induz à discussão dos critérios orientadores da disciplina jurídica da informação no âmbito contratual. A despeito da utilidade dos padrões para disciplinar condutas não alcançadas pelas regras, este estudo aponta que a boa-fé, em razão de suas idiossincrasias, não é padrão eficiente para reger a informação nos contratos, devendo ficar relegada à função residual. A aplicação do dever de informar com o objetivo de impor às partes transparência e veracidade conferiria mais objetividade e operacionalidade ao regime da informação nos contratos. Mas, a despeito da questionável eficiência da boa-fé como indutora da troca de informações entre as partes, foi o padrão de conduta escolhido pelo sistema jurídico para balizar a interação dos contratantes. Devido às peculiaridades do contrato de seguro, e à nocividade dos efeitos da assimetria informacional neste contexto, exige-se dos contratantes a máxima boa-fé. Se a regra é a máxima transparência e a absoluta veracidade, deverá ser restritiva a interpretação de eventuais exceções. Como a informação se prende ao cerne da operação econômica subjacente, afetando o cálculo do risco e a fixação do prêmio, e consequentemente, a mutualidade, diz respeito à função e à finalidade do instituto. Por isso, a interpretação condescendente de eventuais omissões ou distorções de informação relevante afrontaria o princípio da máxima boa-fé, que não pode ser mitigado, sob pena de comprometer o equilíbrio do contrato e afetar sua finalidade sócio-econômica. O estudo demonstrou a inadequação do tratamento da informação em relação ao substrato econômico do contrato de seguro, especialmente no que concerne à exigência de comprovação da má-fé nas omissões e distorções da verdade pelo segurado. Criticou também a aplicação dogmática da presunção da boa-fé, que reverte ao segurador o ônus da prova da má-fé do segurado, anulando o efeito sancionador da imposição do dever de informar.The purpose of this dissertation is to analyze the importance of information in contract law, the disclosure duties and its application to insurance contracts, from legal and economic perspectives. Since Law and Economics are social sciences applied to the same environment and are mutually complementary, this bifocal approach leads to a more accurate portrait of reality seen from different but correlated points of view. The analysis of the role of information reveals that if it concerns the contract essential element, it becomes part of it and determines the legal rules that should be applied to it. The inquiry of information distribution patterns shows that it can eventually bring about detrimental effects which induce the discussion of the criteria underlying the legal regime of information in contract law. Asymmetric information can be harmful if it encourages opportunism, increases transaction costs and grants one party undue gains from the contract. In spite of the usefulness of standards to regulate conducts not reached by rules, this study shows that good faith, due to its idiosyncrasies, is not an efficient standard to govern information in contracts. Thus, it should be assigned a residual function. The application of the duty to inform with the purpose of imposing full disclosure and accuracy to the parties ensures more objectivity to the information regime in contracts. However, good faith was the standard chosen by the legal system to rule the parties interaction, despite its recognized inefficiency to induce information exchange among agents. Due to the particular features of the insurance contract, and to the harmful effects of informational asymmetry in this context, law imposes the parties a higher standard of good faith. If the legal standard is the utmost good faith, eventual exceptions to this pattern should be restrictively interpreted. Since information is connected with the economic mechanism of the insurance contract because it affects risk and premium evaluation, it is strictly related to the function and purpose of the contract. Therefore, condescending interpretation of nondisclosure, misrepresentation and fraud would violate the principle of utmost good faith. Its mitigation will affect the contract balance and its economic and social purposes. This dissertation demonstrates the inadequacy of the information legal regime, especially regarding the requirement of proving bad faith related to nondisclosure, misrepresentation or fraud. It also criticizes the dogmatic application of the presumption of good faith that lays upon the insurer the burden of proving bad faith of the insureds conduct, nullifying the sanctioning effect of the imposition of the duty to inform.
32
Andrlová, Barbara. "Management efektivního jištění stavebních zakázek z pohledu veřejného investora." Doctoral thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2020. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-433609.
Анотація:
The doctoral thesis deals with an analysis and comparison of the effective protective forms for construction contracts from the perspective of the investor/contracting authority in public construction work orders according to Act No. 134/2016 Coll., on Public Procurement. The theoretical part includes the risk management of construction projects with regard to the management of the business risk. The functions of protective forms within the project life cycle are described. The legal standards and regulations related to the procurement process and the contract management between the client and the main contractor are presented. International legal standards used for construction projects in the Czech Republic and abroad are mentioned. The aim of the thesis is to investigate the current situation and to create a model of management of business risk as a methodical practical approach for the public investor. Quantitative research of the protective forms in the contracts for works was conducted. The research data consisted of a database of selected public works contracts published on the public profiles of the contracting authorities during the performance phase of contracts during the years 2011–2018. Within the data analysis, a structured database of inputs and the used protective forms was created according to the documentation of the construction work orders. Furthermore, the relationship between the estimated value of the contract and the contract price was examined. Based on the data analysis and the benchmark study the model of management of business risk was created. To optimize the selection of protective instruments in works contracts, a portfolio of effective protective forms and their recommended parameters was proposed. The quantitative analysis was complemented by the questionnaire survey method and the structured interviews with the public sector representatives. The results of the research were compared with current international practice.
33
Oliveira, Marcia Cicarelli Barbosa de. "O interesse segurável." Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2131/tde-10092012-162636/.
Анотація:
O presente trabalho tem por escopo o estudo jurídico do interesse segurável, elemento essencial do contrato de seguro, entendido como a relação existente entre o segurado e a coisa ou a pessoa sujeita ao risco. O tema é desenvolvido tendo por base a análise estrutural e funcional do interesse segurável, sua evolução legislativa no Brasil e consequências no contrato de seguro, no que tange tanto ao seguro de danos como ao seguro de pessoas. A análise pauta-se, em particular, no Código Civil brasileiro hodierno e no Código de 1916. Em razão da inexistência de literatura nacional específica sobre o assunto, o estudo é ilustrado, na medida do possível, com o tratamento da matéria na legislação estrangeira, na Jurisprudência nacional e no Projeto de Lei n. 3.555/2004.The present work aims the legal study of the insurable interest, a essencial element of the insurance contract, understood as the relationship between a person and a thing or another person subject to risk. The subject will be developed from the structural and functional analysis of the insurable interest, its legislative developments in Brazil and its consequences in the insurance contract, both regarding indemnity and non-indemnity insurance contracts. The analysis is guided, in particular, by the Brazilian Civil Code and former Code of 1916. Considering the lack of specific national literature on the subject, the study is illustrated, as far as possible, with examples of foreign Law, case law and the Law Project n. 3.555/2004.
34
Jay, Caroline. "Le risque santé et la souscription d’assurance du crédit." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0395.
Анотація:
La santé est un risque. La raison d’être de l’assurance est de couvrir les individus contre les aléas de la vie. Pourtant, la nature économique de cette opération a conduit les assureurs à écarter de leur mutualité, de manière croissante, les plus hauts risques de survenance d’un sinistre. Cette pratique appelée la segmentation est parfaitement autorisée. L’assureur peut, au moment de la discussion précontractuelle, procéder à une évaluation du risque par des investigations sur la situation personnelle et intime du candidat à l’assurance. Plusieurs constats sont faits. Le fait justificatif de discrimination n’est plus précis. Les techniques de collecte de l’information s’émancipent d’un encadrement légal sécurisé. L’existence d’un risque aggravé a des conséquences déraisonnables sur le contrat d’assurance. En France, plus de 2,7 millions de personnes présentent, au sens des assureurs, un risque aggravé du fait de leur état de santé. Il s’agit aussi bien de personnes diabétiques, atteintes de la maladie de parkinson ou ayant développé une pathologie cancéreuse. Pour eux l’accès à l’assurance rime avec le refus, les exclusions ou les surprimes. Ce phénomène concourt à une véritable injustice sociale, particulièrement lorsque le contrat d’assurance conditionne l’octroi d’un crédit immobilier. Pour cette raison, et sous les pressions associatives, des mesures ont été prises visant à limiter l’intrusion de l’assureur dans la vie privée du preneur d’assurance et parallèlement à renforcer les obligations d’information, de conseil ou de mise en garde du professionnel préalablement à la souscription du contratHealth is a risk. The main purpose of insurance is to cover individuals against life’s uncertainties. However, because of the economic nature of this activity, insurers discard more and more the highest risks from their mutuality. This practice, named segmentation, is perfectly allowed. The insurer may, at the time of precontractual discussions, carry out a risk assessment by investigating the personal and intimate situation of the applicant. Several observations can be made. Evidence of discrimination is no longer precise. The techniques for information gathering emancipate themselves from a secure legal framework. The existence of an increased risk has unreasonable consequences on the insurance contract. In France, more than 2.7 million people are, in the sense of insurers, increased risks profiles due to their health status. Those are people living with diabetes, Parkinson's disease or other cancerous pathologies. For them, access to insurance rhymes with refusal, exclusion or additional premia. This phenomenon contributes to a real social injustice, especially when the insurance contract is necessary to be granted a mortgage. For this reason, and under pressures from associations, some measures have been implemented to limit the intrusion of the insurer into the policyholder’s privacy; and in parallel, to strengthen the obligations lying on the professionals to provide information, advice and warning, prior to any contract subscription
35
Azevedo, Luis Augusto Roux. "A comutatividade do contrato de seguro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2132/tde-25082011-134415/.
Анотація:
Os institutos jurídicos têm estreita relação com sua base econômica. Nos contratos de seguro essa afirmação é de fundamental importância, sendo o contrato a face jurídica de uma complexa operação econômica. O desenvolvimento do instituto levou ao reconhecimento da essencialidade da empresarialidade do seguro. Há acentuada controvérsia na doutrina acerca da natureza comutativa ou aleatória do contrato de seguro. O ponto central desta dissertação é no sentido de que o Código Civil de 2002 adotou a garantia como a prestação principal do segurador, o que importa no reconhecimento de sua natureza comutativa. O mesmo Código reconheceu a empresarialidade como elemento essencial do contrato. A comutatividade permite o exame das obrigações e deveres a cargo das partes num contexto de equilíbrio. O trabalho finalmente propõe que a interpretação e aplicação do contrato de seguro observem o caráter comutativo e a base técnica do negócio.Legal institutions have a close relationship with their economic fundaments. In the insurance contract, this statement is of great importance as it is the legal face of a complex economic operation. The development of the institution has led to the acknowledgment of the entrepreneurial side of the insurance as an essential attribute of the contract. There is a strong dispute on the nature of the contract, if it is an aleatory contract or a certain contract. The main point of this essay is in the sense that the Civil Code of 2002 has adopted the guarantee as the main obligation of the insurer, which represents the acknowledgement of its nature of a certain contract. This nature of the contract permits the examination of the obligations and duties of the parties in a context of equilibrium. The essay finally proposes that the interpretation and construction of the insurance contract observe both the character of a certain contract and its technical fundaments.
36
Demont, Bruno. "L'aléa dans le contrat d'assurance." Thesis, Paris 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA020112.
Анотація:
L’aléa, véritable « cœur » du contrat d’assurance, ne finit pas de susciter les interrogations lorsqu’il s’agit de préciser plus techniquement son rôle, tout comme sa raison d’être. En première ligne se situe naturellement le débat relatif à la qualification des formes contemporaines d’assurance vie : ce dernier, haut lieu de controverse doctrinale depuis des années, ne s’est toujours pas apaisé malgré l’impressionnant nombre d’études consacrées au sujet. En parallèle, le thème de l’aléa dans les contrats fait également l’objet d’un vif regain d’intérêt, s’invitant dans les colloques et les ouvrages les plus récents. Plus que jamais, les notions de contrat d’assurance et de contrat aléatoire se retrouvent donc au cœur de la polémique. Et cette dernière peut aller bon train, tant le débat reste enfermé dans cette idée courante qu’un contrat est un acte nécessairement créateur d’obligations. Ainsi, l’on s’attache bien souvent à mettre en évidence le déséquilibre des obligations des parties (caractéristique des contrats aléatoires) avant de s’interroger sur son existence dans le contrat d’assurance. Mais cette approche obligationnelle de la structure contractuelle est-elle véritablement pertinente ? Ne devrait-on pas, au contraire, concevoir plus largement les effets de l’acte juridique, et consacrer juridiquement une idée somme toute assez commune dans le langage courant des praticiens : celle d’un transfert de risque ? A l’approche obligationnelle classique, exclusivement focalisée sur l’analyse des prestations des parties (paiement de la prime par le souscripteur ; règlement du sinistre voire couverture du risque par l’assureur), se substituerait ainsi une approche réelle, davantage axée sur le transfert de risque opéré entre les parties. Cette approche réelle, à bien des égards séduisante par rapport à l’approche obligationnelle, permettrait ainsi de porter – entre autres – un regard différent sur la problématique inhérente aux formes contemporaines d’assurance vieHazard is well known for being at the heart of the insurance contract. Nonetheless, it does not stop raising questions about its precise role and raison d’être. Firstly, the debate deals with the qualification of contemporary forms of life insurance; Mecca of doctrinal controversy for years, it still remains topical in spite of the impressive number of studies. Meanwhile, contingency is of intense interest in civil contract law, as well as subject to recent seminars and latest books. More than ever, the notions of insurance contract and of aleatory contract appear as being the “core” issues of a controversy which keeps going well, because the debate may be limited by the idea that a contract is necessarily an act that creates obligations. Thus, the imbalance between the parties’ obligations - characteristic of aleatory contracts – is often highlighted before questioning its existence in the insurance contract. However, it may be wondered as whether to know if such an “obligational” approach of the contract is truly relevant. On the contrary, shouldn’t we consider the effects of the contract through a wider point of view, in order to admit – legally – a quite common idea in everyday language: the transfer of risk? Unlike the obligational approach which is solely focused on the performances of both parties (premium paid by the taker; compensation paid out of the claim or even risk covered by the insurer), that “real” approach would be more focused on the risk that is transferred between the contracting parties. Such a real approach, which seems to be highly more attractive than the obligational one, would offer - among others - a different perspective within the debate that is inherent to the contemporary forms of life insurance
37
Furck, Christiane Hessler. "A cláusula de perfil no contrato de seguro automóvel e os reflexos no Código de Defesa do Consumidor." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/8358.
Анотація:
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T20:28:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1
Christiane Hessler Furck.pdf: 1312486 bytes, checksum: ca9e863534c78bd81ca049b21c9c7633 (MD5)
Previous issue date: 2008-10-29The technological advance, the scientific progress, the industrial park and the population accumulations have caused the social-economic development, however they have increased the incidence of the patrimonial risks. Insurance contract corresponds to the social-economical development, however it does not translate one legal transaction only as it can mean an infinity of contractual relations, that involve many different people, in innumerable branches of the insurance market. It occurs that the insurance contract can be translated by contract of civil liability insurance, contract of safety from contractual guarantees, contract of residential insurance, contract of health insurance, contract of enterprise insurance, contract of bail insurance, contract of educational insurance, and the contract of vehicule insurance, the target of this study. In this context, the risk should be deeply analyzed, it will have to be declared by the insured, being certain that it is consolidated through the questionnaire of risk evaluation, which should be part of the the insurance proposal. The questionnaire of risk evaluation is also known as a clause of insured profile and its major goal is to personalise and delimit the risk so that the insurer can accept or refuse the insurance proposal and establish the prize of the insurance. This study also analyzes the positive and negative aspects of the clause of profile ahead of the rules established for the Consumer Defense Code
O avanço tecnológico, o progresso científico, o parque industrial, e os aglomerados populacionais acarretaram o desenvolvimento sócio-econômico, contudo aumentaram a incidência dos riscos sobre o patrimônio. O contrato de seguro corresponde ao desenvolvimento sócio-econômico, contudo não traduz apenas um negócio jurídico, uma vez que pode significar uma infinidade de relações contratuais, que envolvem uma diversidade de pessoas, em inúmeros ramos do mercado securitário. Ocorre que o contrato de seguro pode ser traduzido pelo contrato de seguro de responsabilidade civil, contrato de seguro de garantias contratuais, contrato de seguro residencial, contrato de seguro saúde, contrato de seguro empresarial, contrato de seguro fiança, contrato de seguro educacional e o contrato de seguro automóvel, objeto do presente estudo. Nesse contexto, impende analisar com profundidade o risco que deverá ser declarado pelo segurado, sendo certo que atualmente ele se consolida por meio do questionário de avaliação do risco, constante da proposta de seguro. O questionário de avaliação do risco é também conhecido como cláusula de perfil do segurado e tem o objetivo de individualizar e delimitar o risco, para que o segurador possa aceitar ou recusar a proposta de seguro e estabelecer o prêmio do seguro. O presente estudo analisa ainda os aspectos positivos e negativos da cláusula de perfil diante dos preceitos estabelecidos pelo Código de Defesa do Consumidor
38
Saa, Ngouana Ange Yannick. "Évolution du risque et droit des assurances : étude selon les droits français et CIMA." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010268.
Анотація:
Le traitement juridique de l’évolution du risque tend à pallier le déséquilibre né de l’influence du temps sur le contrat d’assurance. Les règles applicables aux relations entre les parties elles-mêmes s’y attèlent en priorité en recherchant le rééquilibrage du contrat d’assurance. Cet équilibre est restauré automatiquement, lorsque l’évolution atteint l’assiette ou la valeur du risque. La prime et l’indemnité sont directement ajustées par rapport au risque. En revanche, si l’évolution, à la hausse comme à la baisse, affecte l’ampleur du risque entendu comme la probabilité et/ou l’intensité de sa réalisation, l’adaptation du contrat devra être négociée. C’est de l’attitude des parties que dépendra l’issue de ces négociations. Le contrat qui ne peut être adapté est anéanti afin de contenir les conséquences de l’évolution du risque. C’est ainsi que son annulation sanctionne l’assuré qui manifeste sa mauvaise foi à l’occasion de l’aggravation du risque. C’est que la couverture du risque aggravé sans adaptation des conditions de la garantie met à mal l’équilibre de la mutualité. En revanche, la caducité s’avère être la seule issue du contrat en cas de disparition totale du risque. L’assureur n’assumant plus aucune obligation, il en résulte la restitution prorata temporis de la prime pour la période non couverte.La remise en cause des obligations initialement convenues n’est pas toujours offerte aux parties. Les variations procédant de l’insécurité juridique ou affectant certains risques spécifiques à l’assurance de personnes ne se prêtent pas à la reconsidération du lien contractuel. L’inadaptabilité du contrat est alors absolue. Elle devient relative lorsque, comme c’est le cas en assurance de dommages, l’assureur perd, postérieurement à l’évolution, le droit d’invoquer ses prérogatives légales, alors même que le contrat aurait normalement pu être adapté. Face à l’impossibilité de remédier au plan contractuel aux conséquences de l’évolution du risque, il convient de rechercher le rétablissement de l’équilibre financier de l’opération d’assurance elle-même, tant dans l’intérêt de l’assureur que dans celui de la mutualité. Le droit des entreprises d’assurance est d’un grand secours, qui permet à l’assureur de faire face à ses engagements quand évolue le risque. Le provisionnement des variations de risque et le respect des exigences de solvabilité lui assurent, en toutes circonstances, la disponibilité des fonds suffisants pour garantir ses engagements vis-à-vis des assurés. Pour les sociétés à forme mutualiste, le rajustement des cotisations constitue, en outre, un atout majeur permettant d’équilibrer les cotisations des adhérents en fonction des charges de sinistreThe legal treatment of the evolution of the risk tends to alleviate the imbalance arisen from the influence of time on the insurance contract. Rules related to party’s relationship try in priority to address this issue by looking for the restoration of a balance in the insurance contract. This balance is restored automatically when the evolution reaches the base or the value of the risk. The premium and the allowance are directly adjusted in relation to the risk. When the evolution, upward or downward, affects the scale of the risk, that is the probability or intensity of its occurrence, the adaptation of the contract will be negotiated. It is from the attitude of the parties that depends the issue of the negotiations. The contract which cannot be adapted is destroyed in order to contain the misdeeds of the evolution of the risk. That is the reason why its cancellation sanctioned the bad faith of the insured on the occasion of the worsening of the risk. This is because the coverage of the aggravated risk without adaptation of the conditions of the warranty puts in danger the balance of the mutuality. On the other hand, the sunsetting appears to be the only solution to the contract in case of total disappearance of the risk. The insurer not assuming anymore its obligations, this results on the refund prorata temporis of the advanced premium.The breach of contract is not always offered to the parties. Variations proceeding of the legal uncertainty and specific risks in the insurance of persons do not lend parties to the questioning of their relationship. The unsuitability of the contract is therefore absolute. It becomes relative when, in the case of insurance of damages, the insurer loses, subsequently to the evolution of risk, his right to invoke its legal prerogatives, although the contract could have normally been adapted. Giving that contractual impossibility to control the consequences of the evolution of the risk, it is necessary to reach the balance of the insurance technique of mutualizing, both in the interest of insurer and that of mutuality. Insurance company Law allows the insurer to meet its commitments when the risk evolves. The provisioning of all risk variations and the respect of the solvency requirements ensure, in any circumstance, the availability of sufficient funds to ensure its commitments towards policyholders. For mutual insurance companies, the adjustment of premium constitutes, in addition, a major asset to balance, at the end of a year, the contributions of their members on the basis of the charge of disaster
39
Mostoufi, Mina. "Eléments de théorie du risque en finance et assurance." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010044/document.
Анотація:
Cette thèse traite de la théorie du risque en finance et en assurance. La mise en pratique du concept de comonotonie, la dépendance du risque au sens fort, est décrite pour identifier l’optimum de Pareto et les allocations individuellement rationnelles Pareto optimales, la tarification des options et la quantification des risques. De plus, il est démontré que l’aversion au risque monotone à gauche, un raffinement pertinent de l’aversion forte au risque, caractérise tout décideur à la Yaari, pour qui, l’assurance avec franchise est optimale. Le concept de comonotonie est introduit et discuté dans le chapitre 1. Dans le cas de risques multiples, on adopte l’idée qu’une forme naturelle pour les compagnies d’assurance de partager les risques est la Pareto optimalité risque par risque. De plus, l’optimum de Pareto et les allocations individuelles Pareto optimales sont caractérisées. Le chapitre 2 étudie l’application du concept de comonotonie dans la tarification des options et la quantification des risques. Une nouvelle variable de contrôle de la méthode de Monte Carlo est introduite et appliquée aux “basket options”, aux options asiatiques et à la TVaR. Finalement dans le chapitre 3, l’aversion au risque au sens fort est raffinée par l’introduction de l’aversion au risque monotone à gauche qui caractérise l’optimalité de l’assurance avec franchise dans le modèle de Yaari. De plus, il est montré que le calcul de la franchise s’effectue aisémentThis thesis deals with the risk theory in Finance and Insurance. Application of the Comonotonicity concept, the strongest risk dependence, is described for identifying the Pareto optima and Individually Rational Pareto optima allocations, option pricing and quantification of risk. Furthermore it is shown that the left monotone risk aversion, a meaningful refinement of strong risk aversion, characterizes Yaari’s decision makers for whom deductible insurance is optimal. The concept of Comonotonicity is introduced and discussed in Chapter 1. In case of multiple risks, the idea that a natural way for insurance companies to optimally share risks is risk by risk Pareto-optimality is adopted. Moreover, the Pareto optimal and individually Pareto optimal allocations are characterized. The Chapter 2 investigates the application of the Comonotonicity concept in option pricing and quantification of risk. A novel control variate Monte Carlo method is introduced and its application is explained for basket options, Asian options and TVaR. Finally in Chapter 3 the strong risk aversion is refined by introducing the left-monotone risk aversion which characterizes the optimality of deductible insurance within the Yaari’s model. More importantly, it is shown that the computation of the deductible is tractable
40
CHIOU, JIUN FEI, and 丘駿飛. "The Contingent Claim Valuation of Property-Liability Insurance Contract." Thesis, 1995. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86907356527402421632.
Анотація:
博士國立中山大學
企業管理研究所
83
The conventional actuarial models tend to reflect the loss distribution of the supply side on the insurance market i.e., the price of the insurance contract is determined unilaterally by the insurers so as to meet the least requirement that the insurers will not go bankrupt. However, there also exist some defectsin most of the fiancial pricing models.In order to regul- ate the pricing of property-liability insurance contracts, this study , based on the theory of contingent claim valuation, devel- ops the insurance pricing formulas, which will lead to fair insurnce pricing . Firstly, this stdy constructs a general valua- tion model for property-liability insurance contracts, which takes into account the cash flows consisting of both the claim indemnity and the investment income. Secondly, to obtain a closed form solution of the pricing formula , this study considers the specific case which the insurer confronts with the frgequency and the severity risk , and thence derives a pricing formula , into which the jumps incurred in claim indemnity are considered. The results show that the pricing of property-liability insurance contracts will depend on the ratio of the claim indemnity relat- ive to the the investment income. Furthermore, the jumps incurred in claim indemnity will exert significant impact upon both the assets and liabities of the insurer.Hence, the price of property- liability insurance contracts will also increase drastically with these jumps.
41
ZhangJian, Shu-Mei, and 張簡淑美. "Health Insurance Claim Risk Assessment based on Machine Learning." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4negb7.
Анотація:
碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊管理學研究所
107
Taiwan has officially entered the stage of an aged society, and the demand for medical care has also increased. The health care insurance market has grown stronger. However, the loss rate of long-term health insurance policies is high, and insurance companies cannot accurately assess the risks of the insured and give them the corresponding price is an issue that we want to solve. Therefore, this study uses the machine learning classification algorithm, eXtreme Gradient Boosting classifier, to find out the important factors of predicting claims risk and evaluates the model performance by AUC, K-S statistics and average precision over recall. In order to facilitate the application of the prediction model to assist the underwriting process, the forecast given by the model are classified into low risk, medium risk, and high risk, and the prediction precision in the high-risk group is 79.05%. The important factors identified are body mass index, postal code, insured amount, age. The special one is the postal code. The insurance company just collect this information for sending the bill. However, it is found in this study that it is quite helpful for predicting the risk. After the analysis, the variable can be broken down into income, education degree, and regional medical resources. The factor age is found in addition to the high risk of the elderly population, the risk for infants from zero to five years old is also very noticeable, especially in the zero-year-old and one-year-old babies are even higher than the elderly. These factors should be taken into consideration of the underwriting price. This study uses open data released by the government as additional information to understand the factor zip code. Regional medical resources, income, and education level are inferred based on the postal code. The results show that these three kinds of information are helpful factors. If the actual education level and income of the insured are obtained, these factors may be more helpful in assessing the insured''s risk of claiming. According to the data set of this study, the longer-term the insurance policy is tracked, the more accurate the prediction model is. However, since the policy data is only available after 2011, there is a lack of long-term tracking of insurers, so long-term risk prediction and lifelong value evaluation is where could be future research direction.
42
Chang, Yu-Hua, and 張祐華. "A Study on Claim Risk Factors of Health Insurance." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/wevc2t.
Анотація:
碩士淡江大學
保險學系保險經營碩士在職專班
106
To evaluate the risks of information asymmetry and adverse selection, this empirical study included 1,680,898 insureds’ information which were registered in the full sales period from 1999 to 2017 and the 185,835 claim which claimed actual hospitalization from 2010 to 2017. In this study, the elements of insured population, the factors of seeing doctors, the rate of claims, the days of claims, and the payment of claims were thoroughly analyzed with the descriptive statistics, the Logistic regression and OLS models. The factors of treatment reasons which usually brought in a claim, were meanwhile, particularly discussed with the geographic information of hospitals, classification of hospitals, and the code of ICD-9-CM. After analysis is found that the claim rate, claim days and the claim payments were empirically revealed a high relevance with the elements of insured population, such as the insuance amount, the insured gender, the insured age, the insured state of marriage, the premium type, the insured conditions, the education of insured, and the insured occupation classes. Furthermore, compared with other areas, the northern Taiwan has proposed higher claim payments in average if we look into the geographic information of insured habitation and hospitals. On the contrast, the claim rate, the claim days and the claim payments were comparatively low in the non-metropolitan areas. When it comes to the hospital classification, it comes up with longer claim days in medical centre and much claim payments in Clinics. As far as the ICD-9-CM was concerned, there are three codes which claim longer days, and they are mental and behavioral disorders, diseases of the nervous system, and the diseases of the circulatory system. Mentioning the factors of high claim payments, the top five factors are malignant neoplasms, mental and behavioral disorders, pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium, diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, congenital malformations. Above all, this essay proposes the improving suggestions in underwriting and in the management of claim. It also gives words in producing new certain medical insurance. It is expected to adjust the marketing strategy upon the actual medical use patterns, and it is also expected to put an end to improper claim and moreover to achieve the insurance company balance of payments and performance.
43
Chang, Shu-Ya, and 張淑雅. "The Study of Risk Insurance in Construction Contract." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/p76x6c.
Анотація:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
營建工程系
105
Construction project exists lots of uncertain factors during fulfil contract, division of work becomes complicated. Proprietor needs to get the risk insurance in construction contract before to move on and property and Casualty Company usually know the risk so make the proprietor taking a great loss in the construction project, indifferent from the construction contract. When it happened to disaster or damage, proprietor usually can’t afford it, and the expired of validity period of construction contract also cost proprietor dangerous problems. Nowadays research for insurance of construction project are some, but the construction essentially exist high risk and the process can’t be copy, may cost the accident in the per- formance stage, and so on, the relationship between proprietor and contract performance stage. This thesis explores the engineering insurance mechanism in the performance of the project. First of all, by reviewing the literature and related to engineering insurance,It also presents the mechanism of disaster cognition and disaster prevention in project im- plementation, and analyzes the main factors influencing engineering insurance. Second,the above-mentioned results, as the basis of questionnaire survey design, are concerned with the engineering loss factor. The impact of engineering insurance on the degree of identification of the questionnaire survey and assessment, and the results of the assessment as follow-up are not be neglect so does the importance of engineer- inginsurance countermeasures and the basis of disaster prevention; finally, by the research conclusion of experts and scholars and the experience and seniority of the factors on the provision of appropriate countermeasures and measures.. The results of the study show that the 23 loss factors in the performance of the project insurance.The impact of the degree of occurrence of the highest probability of "neighborhood protest complaints," the greatest impact is the project insurance. "The biggest problem is the complexity of the contract and the collapse of the financial difficulties of the manufacturers. After finishing this study asked the tone, check the views of the works in theimplementation of the project insurance mechanism of application of engineering insurance to prevent and suppress the main, some can be transferred through non-insurance, but most have the possibility of retention
44
Wu, Jin-Han, and 吳晉漢. "Claim Risk of Dread Disease Insurance Application of Survival Analysis and Quantile Regression." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86750567562398405841.
Анотація:
碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
風險管理與保險所
95
For the past years, dread-disease insurance business is rapidly developed in every insurance company in Taiwan. However, this area is lack of research interest so far, so this research focuses on investigating the real cases of insurees’ premium in relation to insurance claims and the termination of insurance contracts, for the reference of insurance companies to design this kind of product and to assess the risk of new contract. This helps to lower the cost in signing new contracts and avoid anti-selection caused by the lack of information of dread diseases, and furthermore, to protect the profit and solvency. This research uses truncated data and employs variance analysis, to examine the variables of the days of insurance claims and those of the days of the termination of insurance contract. After the variance analysis reveals significant data, Scheffe multiple comparison is employed to test those variables. Next, Logistic Regression Model and Censored Tobit Model are used to analyze the data and compare the result of these two models. Finally, Censored Quantile Regression(CQR) is applied to explain the days of insurance claims in relation to each variable.
45
Zhi-Jia, Chen, and 陳志嘉. "A Study on the Insurance Claim Risk form the Characteristics of Insured Object ~ An Insurance Company as Evidence." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/22544273329687358701.
Анотація:
碩士國立高雄應用科技大學
商務經營研究所
98
There are agency problems (information asymmetry and moral crisis) between insurance company and insured. If the insured has moral crisis, then the insurance company will face significant losses. Therefore, the insured risk control is necessary. This study uses an insurance company in Taiwan as sample, and sampling 240 observations to analyze what characteristics will affect the occurrence and amount of insurance claims. The results show: (1) Gender has no correlation with the occurrence and amount of insurance claim. (2) Age is associated with insurance claims, especially for youth stage, age 30-39. (3) Occupational class is associated with insurance claims. White-collar workers with high revenue and the identification of insurance will have higher insurance rate, so the possibility of insurance claim will be higher. (4) Age of the vehicle has no correlation with the occurrence of insurance claim, but negative correlation with the amount of insurance claim.
46
Lin, Hung-Shu, and 林宏樹. "ON THE STUDY OF KEY RISK INDICATORS FOR AUTO INSURANCE CLAIM OPERATION IN TAIWAN." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/40008434434433648933.
Анотація:
碩士銘傳大學
風險管理與保險學系碩士在職專班
100
There exists operational risk for any business activities of people. Auto insurance claim highly involves human factors, and thus it exits operational risk among different stages of insurance claim. Due to the huge domestic and international incidents of operational risk cases, financial institutes gradually emphasize the evaluation of operational risk and capital calculation. However, related literature about the operational risk evaluation at the property insurance company is very limited. Thus, in order to improve the competition capability and enhance the solid operation of property insurance business, the management authority should facilitate their monitoring system in a more comprehensive and consistent mechanism to manage the property insurance operational risk. This study examined the potential operational risk evaluation dimensions in the process of practice claim cases. By use of Delphi’s questionnaires, the KRI factors of auto insurance claim operational risk are constracted. The empirical research results are as follows: 1. Operation procedure dimensions mainly involve the company system and compliance. In general, through standard operation procedure and regular policy promotion, the inappropriate or wrong doing can be avoid during the operation procedures of auto insurance claim. 2. Personal dimension regarding the individual operational risk occurred, and it is the most important and hardest one to well control. Thus, through regular professional technical training and work value education, we can improve the personal work attitude and to prevent moral hazards. 3. System dimension indicate the operational risk resulted from the system or computer soft/hard way are not function. Though digit quantity method can reduce the mistake of artificial factors, it is also cost consideration when upgrade the system and computer facility, but the benefits to avoid opterational risk still deserves to do. 4. External incident dimension means the impact of operational risk factor from external environment. To avoid or reduce these risks, it is important to fulfill the good monitoring mechanism and cooperative with the operation procedure dimension.
47
Cheng, Yu-Chen, and 鄭宇辰. "A Study on Claim Operational Risk Assessment for Auto insurance in Taiwan - A Delphi approach." Thesis, 2007. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/7wm3k4.
Анотація:
碩士銘傳大學
風險管理與保險學系碩士班
95
Risk assessment is very important to manage risks. Some risks are easily quantified, however, some risks are quite to be quantified, especially on operational risks because of human factors. A variety of operational risks are inherent in an insurance company’s operation. Auto insurance claim operational risk is one of insurance operational risks. The literature on auto insurance claim operational risk assessment is very few in Taiwan. Therefore, this study places an emphasis on claim operational risk assessment for auto insurance in Taiwan. By use of the Delphi method, some results about variables of auto claim operational risk assessment are summarized as follows: 1.There are technical, economic and Social-political scopes as well as nineteen important factors when assess the Operational Risk of Auto insurance in Taiwan. 2.“Professional knowledge” and “working attitude” are the first two important factors. It also shows the importance of human factors. 3.The first two important factors of technical, economic and Social-political scopes are as follows, “the Building of loss event database” and “the updating of loss data”; “the standardizing of claim process” and “the Internal Control system of claim”; “Professional knowledge” and “working attitude”.
48
Urbanovich, Ernest. "Identifying high-risk claims within the Workers' Compensation Board of British Columbia's claim inventory by using logistic regression modeling." Thesis, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/10515.
Анотація:
The goal of the project was to use the data in the Workers' Compensation Board (WCB) of
British Columbia's data warehouse to develop a statistical model that could predict on an
ongoing basis those short-term disability (STD) claims that posed a potential high financial risk
to the WCB. We were especially interested in identifying factors that could be used to model the
transition process of claims from the STD stratum to the vocational rehabilitation (VR) and long
term disability (LTD) strata, and forecast their financial impact on the WCB. The reason for this
focus is that claims experiencing these transitions represent a much higher financial risk to the
WCB than claims that only progress to the health care (HC) and/or the short term disability
(STD) strata.
The sample used to investigate the conversion processes of claims consists of all STD claims
(323,098) that had injury dates between January 1, 1989 and December 31, 1992. Although high-risk
claims represent only 4.2 % of all STD claims, they have received 64.3% ($1.2 billion) of
the total payments and awards ($1.8 billion) made to July 1999. Low-risk claims make up 95.8%
of all the claims but only receive 35.7% ($651 million) of the payments and awards. Moreover,
the average cost of high-risk claims ($86,200) is 41 times higher than the average cost of low-risk
claims ($2,100).
The main objective of the project was to build a reliable statistical model to identify high-risk
claims that can be readily implemented at the WCB and thereby improve business decisions. To
identify high-risk claims early on, we used logistic regression modeling. Since ten of the most
frequently observed injury types make up 95.72% of all the claims, separate logistic regression
models were built for each of them. Besides injury type, we also identified STD days paid and
age of claimant as statistically significant predictors. The logistic regression models can be used
to identify high-risk claims prior to or at the First Final STD payment date provided we know the
injury type, STD days paid and age of claimant. The investigation showed that the more STD
days paid and the older the injured worker, the higher the probability of the claim being high-risk.
49
HSU, CHIA-YU, and 徐嘉佑. "On the Travel Risk Knowledge Discovery: A Case Study of Travel Insurance Contract Dataset." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2y2xyj.
Анотація:
碩士龍華科技大學
資訊管理系碩士班
104
The business of tourism industry has been booming in recent years, and the travel risk is taking into account gradually. How to foresee the risk of travel accident becomes an important issue for the travel industry. The travel risk knowledge acquired by using the knowledge discovery technology can not only help the travel industry business man to prevent the risk events before the accident occurred, but also it can help the travel industry keeping running in the long term. In order to acquire the characteristics of high versus low risk travel groups, this study adopts the classification and regression tree techniques to explore the major/minor factors and values that affect the travel safety from the inbound/outbound travel insurance datasets; so as to elevate the risk sense of traveling and become the reference framework for designing the travel safety insurance policy as well. The results of this work can help the personnel of travel industry to understand the factors and values that affect the travel safety; meanwhile, it can assist the travel industry to take necessary action to avoid the occurring of travel accident, and incorporate the design of travel insurance policies to help the travel industry escaping from the huge losses incurred by travel risk.
50
CHANG, SHU-HUI, and 張淑惠. "Risk Control of Cross Selling in Bancassurance Business : A Case Study of New Life Insurance Contract." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/cm5ewj.
Анотація:
碩士大葉大學
管理學院碩士在職專班
106
The first year premium income of insurance launched by banks in our country has surpassed that of conventional channels by insurance companies since 2009, making banks the important and indispensable business channel. In the process of the soliciting new contracts, bank brokers are the first risk controller - effective risk-selection, to avoiding the occurrence of adverse selection and insurance complaint, which is the key role of promoting contractual quality. While the second controller is the underwriter of insurance company - carry out a risk assessment, underwriting notification according to the lack of the insuring clauses, then complement by the bank brokers. Therefore, both sides are significant in bancassurance cross-marketing. In this study, new policy underwriting notification cases will be the main body of risk control, through the case analysis and depth interviews to in aware of the reasons of the underwriting notification and look for the solution to the problems, expecting to reduce the notification ratio and enhance the steady operation of bancassurance business.