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1
Ayudia, Esa Indah, Andini Agustina, Huntari Harahap, Miftahurrahmah Miftahurrahmah, and Irfannuddin Irfannuddin. "EFFECT OF INTERMITTENT FASTING DIET ON TRIGLYCERIDE LEVELS IN SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS." Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan : Publikasi Ilmiah Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sriwijaya 8, no. 2 (March 3, 2021): 121–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.32539/v8i2.13576.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Triglycerides are the main lipid components that are stored in adipose tissue for energy sources. Increased triglyceride levels can lead to cardiovascular disease. One way to lower triglyceride levels is diet. The intermittent fasting diet is one of the diets that can be done, where this diet is a diet with time and calorie restrictions. The intermittent fasting diet is divided into 3 methods, namely Time restricted feeding, Alternate-day fasting and Modified fasting. This study was conducted to see the effect of an intermittent fasting diet on triglyceride levels. This research is an experimental study using white rats of Sprague Dawley strain as experimental. White rats will be divided into 3 groups of intermittent fasting diet and 1 control group and given a diet according to the group for 1 month. Weights and blood draws were performed at the beginning and end of the study, then the results of the intermittent fasting diet intervention were compared with the control group. There was a significant reduction in body weight with a p value of 0.000 and a significant decrease in triglyceride levels with a p value of 0.035 (p <0.05). Keywords : Triglycerides, Intermittent Fasting Diet, Weight loss.
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Dagradi, Eric Mayo, Judya Sukmana, and Indri Ngesti Rahayu. "PENGARUH PUASA INTERMITEN MENGGUNAKAN METODE PUASA DAUD TERHADAP KADAR SGOT TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegicus) ALIRAN WISTAR YANG DIINDUKSI PARACETAMOL." Surabaya Biomedical Journal 2, no. 1 (October 1, 2022): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30649/sbj.v2i1.43.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Intermittent fasting is done with one day of fasting and one day of eating as usual so that it can reduce oxidative stress, inhibit apoptosis and tissue damage which will reduce degenerative diseases. Fasting can activate SIRT1 and SIRT3 to prevent apoptosis by decreasing reactive oxygen species and inhibiting the mitochondrial permeability transition pore component. The accumulation of free radicals is one of the mechanisms that play a role in liver damage so that the SGOT enzyme present in the liver cells will leave and enter the blood circulation, so that the number of these enzymes in the blood increases.
Objective : To prove that there was a decrease in the levels of SGOT (Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transaminase) in male white rats (Ratus norvegicus) of the wistar strain which were fasted intermittently by the Daud fasting method after being induced by Paracetamol.
Method : The research design used is a laboratory experimental research type where the method used is randomized the post only control group design. The experimental animals used were white rats (Rattus norvegicus) wistar strain 2-3 months old with an initial body weight of 150-200gr as many as 32 tails. During the fasting treatment, the research subjects were not given diet and drinking, while the non-fasting subjects were given a standard diet and drank regularly were divided into four groups, namely negative control with a water probe that was filtered for 10 days and 1ml of 1% CMC-Na, positive control with a probe. filtered water for 10 days and induction of paracetamol 400mg/kgBW, treatment 1 with standard diet and induction of paracetamol and treatment 2 with intermittent fasting and induction of paracetamol.
Results: The results of this study indicate that One-Way ANOVA test obtained p value = 0.384. (p > 0.05) then H0 was accepted, there was no significant difference between the SGOT levels of the experimental animal group that was given a standard diet, the experimental animal group that was given intermittent fasting, the experimental animal group that was given a standard diet and paracetamol and the experimental animal group that was given intermittent fasting and paracetamol treatment.
Conclusion: There is no effect of intermittent fasting with the Dawood fasting method on decreasing SGOT levels in male white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Wistar strain induced by paracetamol.
Keywords: intermittent fasting, SGOT, paracetamol
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O’Keefe, James H., Noel Torres-Acosta, Evan L. O’Keefe, Ibrahim M. Saeed, Carl J. Lavie, Sarah E. Smith, and Emilio Ros. "A Pesco-Mediterranean Diet With Intermittent Fasting." Journal of the American College of Cardiology 76, no. 12 (September 2020): 1484–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jacc.2020.07.049.
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Varady, Krista A., Sofia Cienfuegos, Mark Ezpeleta, and Kelsey Gabel. "Cardiometabolic Benefits of Intermittent Fasting." Annual Review of Nutrition 41, no. 1 (October 11, 2021): 333–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-052020-041327.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
This review aims to summarize the effects of intermittent fasting on markers of cardiometabolic health in humans. All forms of fasting reviewed here—alternate-day fasting (ADF), the 5:2 diet, and time-restricted eating (TRE)—produced mild to moderate weight loss (1–8% from baseline) and consistent reductions in energy intake (10–30% from baseline). These regimens may benefit cardiometabolic health by decreasing blood pressure, insulin resistance, and oxidative stress. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglyceride levels are also lowered, but findings are variable. Other health benefits, such as improved appetite regulation and favorable changes in the diversity of the gut microbiome, have also been demonstrated, but evidence for these effects is limited. Intermittent fasting is generally safe and does not result in energy level disturbances or increased disordered eating behaviors. In summary, intermittent fasting is a safe diet therapy that can produce clinically significant weight loss (>5%) and improve several markers of metabolic health in individuals with obesity.
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Yuan, Xiaojie, Jiping Wang, Shuo Yang, Mei Gao, Lingxia Cao, Xumei Li, Dongxu Hong, Suyan Tian, and Chenglin Sun. "Effect of Intermittent Fasting Diet on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism and Insulin Resistance in Patients with Impaired Glucose and Lipid Metabolism: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis." International Journal of Endocrinology 2022 (March 24, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/6999907.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The question of whether or not intermittent fasting diets improve the clinical indicators of glycolipid metabolism remains unclear. This study systematically reviewed the relevant clinical trials to evaluate the effects of intermittent fasting diet on glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin sensitivity in patients with metabolic syndrome. To evaluate the effect of intermittent fasting diet intervention on patients with disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, random-effect or fixed-effect meta-analysis models were used to calculate the average difference before and after intermittent fasting diet intervention and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). After intermittent fasting diet intervention, in terms of glucose metabolism, fasting blood glucose reduced by 0.15 mmol/L (95% CI: −0.23; −0.06), glycosylated hemoglobin reduced by 0.08 (95% CIs: −0.25; −0.10), insulin plasma levels reduced by 13.25 uUI (95% CIs: −16.69; −9.82), and HOMA-IR decreased by 0.31 on an average (95% CIs: −0.44; −0.19). In addition, BMI decreased by 0.8 kg/m2 (95% CIs: −1.32; −0.28), body weight reduced by 1.87 kg (95% CIs: −2.67; −1.07), and the waist circumference decreased by 2.08 cm (95% CIs: −3.06; −1.10). Analysis of lipid metabolism showed that intermittent fasting diet intervention effectively reduced the total cholesterol level by 0.32 mmol/L (95% CIs: −0.60; −0.05), low-density lipoprotein level by 0.22 mmol/L (95% CIs: −0.37; −0.07), and triglyceride level by 0.04 mmol/L (95% CIs: −0.15; −0.07). Intermittent fasting diets have certain therapeutic effects on blood glucose and lipids in patients with metabolic syndrome and significantly improve insulin resistance. It may be considered as an auxiliary treatment to prevent the occurrence and development of chronic diseases.
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Aisyah and Hotimah Masdan Salim. "The protective effect of intermittent fasting and physical exercise on obesity through changes in muscle diameter." Bali Medical Journal 11, no. 2 (August 17, 2022): 897–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i2.3150.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: Obesity is a cause of metabolic syndrome. Intermittent fasting is a method that is quite popular today, and this is an alternative method to lose weight compared to the traditional method of undergoing calorie restriction (20-40% reduction in daily calorie intake) and/or physical activity. However, the effect of intermittent fasting and physical exercise on changes in the muscle remains unclear. This study aimed to determine the changes in muscle histology in intermittent fasting and physical exercise in obese mice. Methods: 8-weeks old mice were given a high-fat diet for two weeks and then grouped into four groups (a control group, group two as a group with a high-fat diet, group three with a high-fat diet which was given physical exercise, and group four was a high-fat diet which was given fasting for 8 hours 5 days a week, for two weeks). Histological analysis was performed to see the changes in the muscles with hematoxylin staining at 40 times magnification. Results: The fasting and physical exercise group were significantly less weight gain. The histological results found that the muscle diameter widened in the physical exercise group compared to the high-fat diet group (p<0.05). In comparison, the fasting group was found to have almost the same muscle diameter as the control group without the high-fat diet (p<0.05). Conclusion: Both intermittent fasting and exercise were effective in reducing body weight, whereas intermittent fasting is more effective than exercise in maintaining muscle mass by maintaining muscle diameter to prevent obesity.
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GÜNBATAR, Nizamettin, and Bahattin BULDUK. "Standart diyet ile beslenen ratlarda aralıklı beslenmenin büyüme ve ghrelin hormonu üzerine etkisi." Journal of Contemporary Medicine 12, no. 4 (July 31, 2022): 570–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1123443.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Aim: In this study, the effect of intermittent fasting on growth hormone (GH) and ghrelin was examined in rats that fed on a standard diet without any application that may cause the values to decrease or increase in order to see the net effect of intermittent fasting. Materials and Methods: 12 Wistar albino male rats were divided into the 1st group as Control (standard diet 2.8% crude fat. 23.1% crude protein. 5% crude fiber. 7.1% crude ash and 12.8% moisture) and the 2nd group as the intermittent fasting together with the diet group (with a 24-hour break from the non-consecutive diet for 2 days a week and all food restricted except water). Results: As a result of the analysis, it was found that the growth hormone in the intermittent fasting together with the standard diet group tended to increase compared to the control group, and while this value difference was not statistically significant, the ghrelin level was found to be statistically lower than the control group. Conclusion: As a result, it was found that intermittent fasting tends to increase the level of growth hormone, and to have a decreasing effect on ghrelin level, and it was concluded that it can be considered among the methods to be used to treat obesity and prevent its occurrence.
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Dedual, Mara A., Stephan Wueest, Marcela Borsigova, and Daniel Konrad. "Intermittent fasting improves metabolic flexibility in short-term high-fat diet-fed mice." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 317, no. 5 (November 1, 2019): E773—E782. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00187.2019.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Four days of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding are sufficient to induce glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis in mice. While prolonged HFD-induced metabolic complications are partly mediated by increased food intake during the light (inactive) phase, such a link has not yet been established in short-term HFD-fed mice. Herein, we hypothesized that a short bout of HFD desynchronizes feeding behavior, thereby contributing to glucose intolerance and hepatic steatosis. To this end, 12-wk-old C57BL/6J littermates were fed a HFD for 4 days either ad libitum or intermittently. Intermittent-fed mice were fasted for 8 h during their inactive phase. Initiation of HFD led to an immediate increase in food intake already during the first light phase. Moreover, glucose tolerance was significantly impaired in ad libitum- but not in intermittent HFD-fed mice, indicating that desynchronized feeding behavior contributes to short-term HFD-induced glucose intolerance. Of note, overall food intake was similar between the groups, as was body weight. However, intermittent HFD-fed mice revealed higher fat depot weights. Phosphorylation of hormone sensitivity lipase and free fatty acid release from isolated adipocytes were significantly elevated, suggesting increased lipolysis in intermittent HFD-fed mice. Moreover, hepatic mRNA expression of lipogenetic enzymes and liver triglyceride levels were significantly increased in intermittent HFD-fed mice. Importantly, food deprivation decreased respiratory exchange ratio promptly in intermittent- but not in ad libitum HFD-fed mice. In conclusion, retaining a normal feeding pattern prevented HFD-induced impairment of metabolic flexibility in short-term HFD-fed mice.
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Micallef, Doreen Susanne. "Physiological and Therapeutic Outcomes of Intermittent Fasting versus Calorie-Restriction Diet in Patients suffering from Metabolic Syndrome." MCAST Journal of Applied Research & Practice 3, no. 1 (May 15, 2019): 4–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.2067.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The main objective of this study was to determine whether an intermittent fasting diet in combination with a CR diet results in better outcomes on risk factors associated with metabolic syndrome (such as lowering of triglycerides, fasting blood glucose, and blood pressure decrease in abdominal obesity and an increase in HDL-cholesterol and related weight loss for both male and female patients) than with a conventional CR diet alone. A 12-week retrospective case-control study was carried out and involved 78 females and 22 males who exhibited or were receiving medications for three or more conditions related to metabolic syndrome and who completed the study out of 120 participants at baseline. These were randomly assigned to either a conventional calorie-restriction diet or to an intermittent-fasting diet. Relevant baseline parameters were measured during the first encounter and were then repeated after twelve weeks. Professional contact was maintained on a fortnightly basis for both groups. Subjects randomly assigned to the intermittent fasting diet lost more weight than subjects on a conventional calorie-restriction diet after 12 weeks (mean ± SD, 5.7 ± 3.2 kg vs 11.4 ± 6.4 kg; p < 0.001). There were also statistically significant decreases in waist circumference (10.1 ± 7.2 cm vs 4.5 ± 3.3 cm; p < 0.001), serum triglycerides (0.31 ± 0.29 mmol/l vs 0.16 ± 0.16 mmol/l; p = 0.002), and systolic blood pressure (11.1 ± 8.2 mm Hg vs 5.2 ± 4.8 mm Hg; p < 0.001) and an increase in HDL-cholesterol (0.25 ± 0.16 vs 0.14 ± 0.15 mmol/l; p = 0.001). However, no statistically significant changes in diastolic blood pressure and fasting blood glucose were recorded. The intermittent fasting diet gave better weight loss outcomes (6.67% vs 12.35%) than did the conventional calorie restriction diet when compared to the baseline weight after the conclusion of the 12-week programme. The intermittent fasting diet was also associated with statistically significant improvements in four out of the six parameters measured and associated with metabolic syndrome. Longer-term studies are required to determine whether these outcomes will be maintained over longer periods of time assuming that there is compliance by the participants.
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Gabel, Kelsey, Kate Cares, Krista Varady, Vijayakrishna Gadi, and Lisa Tussing-Humphreys. "Current Evidence and Directions for Intermittent Fasting During Cancer Chemotherapy." Advances in Nutrition 13, no. 2 (November 11, 2021): 667–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/advances/nmab132.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ABSTRACT Almost 40% of the adult population in the USA will be diagnosed with cancer in their lifetime. Diet is a modifiable factor which is known to affect cancer risk and recurrence. Yet, little is known about how diet influences cancer treatment outcomes. Intermittent fasting, characterized by periods of abstaining from foods and beverages alternated with periods of ad libitum intake, when adopted in the context of chemotherapy, has shown promise in preclinical models resulting in decreased vomiting, diarrhea, visible discomfort, and improved insulin sensitivity and efficacy of chemotherapeutic treatment. Although intermittent fasting during receipt of chemotherapy has been well-established in preclinical models, limited numbers of human studies are now being reported. This review aims to survey the current data examining the effect of intermittent fasting on chemotherapy efficacy, patient treatment outcomes, patient centered outcomes, and circulating biomarkers associated with cancer. Available data show that periodic fasting, a form of intermittent fasting, may hold potential to improve the effectiveness of chemotherapy, decrease treatment-related side effects and cancer-promoting factors such as insulin, while ameliorating treatment-related decreases in quality of life and daily functioning. Larger controlled periodic fasting trials, including exploration of alternate forms of intermittent fasting, are needed to better elucidate the effect of intermittent fasting on treatment and patient outcomes during chemotherapy.
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Sayadi, Jamasb Joshua, Lohrasb Sayadi, Ellen Satteson, and Mustafa Chopan. "Nerve injury and repair in a ketogenic milieu: A systematic review of traumatic injuries to the spinal cord and peripheral nervous tissue." PLOS ONE 16, no. 1 (January 4, 2021): e0244244. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0244244.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Dietary interventions such as intermittent fasting and the ketogenic diet have demonstrated neuroprotective effects in various models of neurological insult. However, there has been a lack of evaluation of these interventions from a surgical perspective despite their potential to augment reparative processes that occur following nerve injury. Thus, we sought to analyze the effects of these dietary regimens on nerve regeneration and repair by critical appraisal of the literature. Following PRISMA guidelines, a systematic review was performed to identify studies published between 1950 and 2020 that examined the impact of either the ketogenic diet or intermittent fasting on traumatic injuries to the spinal cord or peripheral nerves. Study characteristics and outcomes were analyzed for each included article. A total of 1,890 articles were reviewed, of which 11 studies met inclusion criteria. Each of these articles was then assessed based on a variety of qualitative parameters, including type of injury, diet composition, timing, duration, and outcome. In total, seven articles examined the ketogenic diet, while four examined intermittent fasting. Only three studies examined peripheral nerves. Neuroprotective effects manifested as either improved histological or functional benefits in most of the included studies. Overall, we conclude that intermittent fasting and the ketogenic diet may promote neuroprotection and facilitate the regeneration and repair of nerve fibers following injury; however, lack of consistency between the studies in terms of animal models, diet compositions, and timing of dietary interventions preclude synthesis of their outcomes as a whole.
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Hartman, Adam L., Xiangrong Zheng, Emily Bergbower, Michiko Kennedy, and J. Marie Hardwick. "Seizure tests distinguish intermittent fasting from the ketogenic diet." Epilepsia 51, no. 8 (April 30, 2010): 1395–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02577.x.
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Chamorro, André Luiz Jacques, Beatriz Kiyoko Fujii, Eduardo Machado Bacha, Gabriel Cabral Valadares Lins, Kawana Ribeiro Yamakawa, Leda Márcia Araujo Bento, Luiza Engel Lorenzon, et al. "Os Efeitos do Jejum Intermitente nos Parâmetros Bioquímicos de Ratos Wistar." Ensaios e Ciência: Ciências Biológicas, Agrárias e da Saúde 23, no. 3 (December 18, 2019): 238. http://dx.doi.org/10.17921/1415-6938.2019v23n3p238-243.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar as repercussões bioquímicas em ratos Wistar submetidos ao jejum intermitente por 15, 30 e 60 dias, modelo de dieta intercalada por períodos de restrição total de alimentação com períodos de alimentação ad libitum. O estudo foi realizado com 40 ratos Wistar, machos divididos em três grupos, todos recebendo a ração Nuvital®. Os ratos submetidos ao jejum intermitente tiveram esse tipo de dieta durante 3 dias na semana e nos demais dias tiveram acesso livre a ração e água. Os animais foram pesados semanalmente e, após o período de jejum intermitente, foram eutanasiados para a coleta de sangue e análise bioquímica (glicemia, triglicérides, colesterol total e frações). Houve redução significativa do peso e triglicerídeos nos animais do grupo de jejum em relação ao grupo controle durante 15 dias. Em relação ao grupo de 30 dias de jejum, houve redução significativa de colesterol total e HDL. Nos animais submetidos à dieta durante 60 dias, houve diminuição significativa de colesterol total e HDL, no entanto, o consumo de água aumentou consideravelmente. Conclui-se que o jejum intermitente durante 15 dias causou alterações bioquímicas favoráveis ao metabolismo desses animais. Palavras-chave: Jejum Intermitente. Restrição Calórica. Prevenção. AbstractThis experiment was conducted to evaluate the biochemical effects in healthy Wistar rats submitted by 15, 30 and 60 days to intermittent fasting, a model of interspersed diet between periods of total food restriction withfood ad libitum period. The study was performed with 40 male Wistar rats randomly divided into 3 groups, all receiving Nuvital®. The rats submitted to intermittent fasting had this type of diet during 3 days a week and on the other days had free access to food. They received water ad libitum every day. The analysis related to metabolic changes resulting from fasting were performed by means of serum biochemical analysis (blood glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and HDL) at the end of the experiment. There was a significant reduction of weight and triglycerides from the fasting group in relation to the control group in 15 days, there was no significant increase in parameters during this period of diet. Concerning the 30-day fasting group, there was a significant reduction of total cholesterol and HDL. Therefore, Intermittent Fasting in 15 days only demonstrated biochemical benefits. Keywords: Intermittent Fasting. Caloric restriction. Prevention.
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Shin, Bae Kun, Suna Kang, Da Sol Kim, and Sunmin Park. "Intermittent fasting protects against the deterioration of cognitive function, energy metabolism and dyslipidemia in Alzheimer’s disease-induced estrogen deficient rats." Experimental Biology and Medicine 243, no. 4 (January 7, 2018): 334–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370217751610.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intermittent fasting may be an effective intervention to protect against age-related metabolic disturbances, although it is still controversial. Here, we investigated the effect of intermittent fasting on the deterioration of the metabolism and cognitive functions in rats with estrogen deficiency and its mechanism was also explored. Ovariectomized rats were infused with β-amyloid (25-35; Alzheimer’s disease) or β-amyloid (35-25, Non-Alzheimer’s disease; normal cognitive function) into the hippocampus. Each group was randomly divided into two sub-groups: one with intermittent fasting and the other fed ad libitum: Alzheimer’s disease-ad libitum, Alzheimer’s disease-intermittent fasting, Non-Alzheimer’s disease-ad libitum, and Non-Alzheimer’s disease-intermittent fasting. Rats in the intermittent fasting groups had a restriction of food consumption to a 3-h period every day. Each group included 10 rats and all rats fed a high-fat diet for four weeks. Interestingly, Alzheimer’s disease increased tail skin temperature more than Non-Alzheimer’s disease and intermittent fasting prevented the increase. Alzheimer’s disease reduced bone mineral density in the spine and femur compared to the Non-Alzheimer’s disease, whereas bone mineral density in the hip and leg was reduced by intermittent fasting. Fat mass only in the abdomen was decreased by intermittent fasting. Intermittent fasting decreased food intake without changing energy expenditure. Alzheimer’s disease increased glucose oxidation, whereas intermittent fasting elevated fat oxidation as a fuel source. Alzheimer’s disease and intermittent fasting deteriorated insulin resistance in the fasting state but intermittent fasting decreased serum glucose levels after oral glucose challenge by increasing insulin secretion. Alzheimer’s disease deteriorated short and spatial memory function compared to the Non-Alzheimer’s disease, whereas intermittent fasting prevented memory loss in comparison to ad libitum. Unexpectedly, cortisol levels were increased by Alzheimer’s disease but decreased by intermittent fasting. Intermittent fasting improved dyslipidemia and liver damage index compared to ad libitum. Alzheimer’s disease lowered low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and serum triglyceride levels compared to Non-Alzheimer’s disease. In conclusion, Alzheimer’s disease impaired not only cognitive function but also disturbed energy, glucose, lipid, and bone metabolism in ovariectomized rats. Intermittent fasting protected against the deterioration of these metabolic parameters, but it exacerbated bone mineral density loss and insulin resistance at fasting in Alzheimer’s disease-induced estrogen-deficient rats. Impact statement Intermittent fasting was evaluated for its effects on cognitive function and metabolic disturbances in a rat model of menopause and Alzheimer’s disease. Intermittent fasting decreased skin temperature and fat mass, and improved glucose tolerance with decreasing food intake. Intermittent fasting also prevented memory loss: short-term and special memory loss. Therefore, intermittent fasting may prevent some of the metabolic pathologies associated with menopause and protect against age-related memory decline.
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Martel, Cécile, Anthony Pinçon, Alexandre Maxime Bélanger, Xiaoyan Luo, Marc-Antoine Gillis, Olivia de Montgolfier, Nathalie Thorin-Trescases, and Éric Thorin. "Knockdown of angiopoietin-like 2 mimics the benefits of intermittent fasting on insulin responsiveness and weight loss." Experimental Biology and Medicine 243, no. 1 (December 1, 2017): 45–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1535370217745505.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Angiopoietin-like 2 (ANGPTL2) is an inflammatory adipokine linking obesity to insulin resistance. Intermittent fasting, on the other hand, is a lifestyle intervention able to prevent obesity and diabetes but difficult to implement and maintain. Our objectives were to characterize a link between ANGPTL2 and intermittent fasting and to investigate whether the knockdown of ANGPTL2 reproduces the benefits of intermittent fasting on weight gain and insulin responsiveness in knockdown and wild-type littermates mice. Intermittent fasting, access to food ad libitum once every other day, was initiated at the age of three months and maintained for four months. Intermittent fasting decreased by 63% (p < 0.05) gene expression of angptl2 in adipose tissue of wild-type mice. As expected, intermittent fasting improved insulin sensitivity (p < 0.05) and limited weight gain (p < 0.05) in wild-type mice. Knockdown mice fed ad libitum, however, were comparable to wild-type mice following the intermittent fasting regimen: insulin sensitivity and weight gain were identical, while intermittent fasting had no additional impact on these parameters in knockdown mice. Energy intake was similar between both wild-type fed intermittent fasting and ANGPTL2 knockdown mice fed ad libitum, suggesting that intermittent fasting and knockdown of ANGPTL2 equally lower feeding efficiency. These results suggest that the reduction of ANGPTL2 could be a useful and promising strategy to prevent obesity and insulin resistance, although further investigation of the mechanisms linking ANGPTL2 and intermittent fasting is warranted. Impact statement Intermittent fasting is an efficient diet pattern to prevent weight gain and improve insulin sensitivity. It is, however, a difficult regimen to follow and compliance is expected to be very low. In this work, we demonstrate that knockdown of ANGPTL2 in mice fed ad libitum mimics the beneficial effects of intermittent fasting on weight gain and insulin sensitivity in wild-type mice. ANGPTL2 is a cytokine positively associated with fat mass in humans, which inactivation in mice improves resistance to a high-fat metabolic challenge. This study provides a novel pathway by which IF acts to limit obesity despite equivalent energy intake. The development of a pharmacological ANGPTL2 antagonist could provide an efficient tool to reduce the burden of obesity.
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Nasaruddin, Muhammad Luqman, Syarifah Aisyah Syed Abd Halim та Mohd Amir Kamaruzzaman. "Studying the Relationship of Intermittent Fasting and β-Amyloid in Animal Model of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Scoping Review". Nutrients 12, № 10 (21 жовтня 2020): 3215. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103215.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
We examined the evidence for intermittent fasting (IF) as a preventative tool to influence β-amyloid in animal models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A Scopus, Ovid, PubMed, and Web of Science (WoS), search yielded 29 results using the keywords “amyloid beta”, “intermittent fasting”, “intermittent caloric restriction”, “alternate day fasting”, “modified alternate-day fasting”, “time-restricted feeding”, “Ramadan fast”, “intermittent calori* restriction”, “intermittent restrictive diet”, and “Alzheimer*”. Five research articles addressed directly the effects of intermittent fasting on β-amyloid levels in animal models of AD: alternate day fasting (ADF) and time-restricted feeding (TRF) methods were incorporated in these studies. The study designs were found to be heterogeneous. Variations in the levels of β-amyloid peptides or plaque in either the hippocampus, cortical areas, or both in animals following dietary intervention were observed as compared to the ad libitum group. Non-significant changes were observed in three studies, while two studies interestingly demonstrated amelioration and reduction in β-amyloid levels. Given the conflicting results obtained from this study, significant care has to be taken into consideration before the protocol can be applied as a preventative approach to treat Alzheimer’s disease. Longitudinal research is warranted to fully grasp how dietary habits can help alleviate the disease either through upstream or downstream of AD pathology.
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Kunduraci, Yasemin Ergul, and Hanefi Ozbek. "Does the Energy Restriction Intermittent Fasting Diet Alleviate Metabolic Syndrome Biomarkers? A Randomized Controlled Trial." Nutrients 12, no. 10 (October 21, 2020): 3213. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu12103213.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The aim of this study was to determine the efficacy of an energy restriction intermittent fasting diet in metabolic biomarkers and weight management among adults with metabolic syndrome. This randomized controlled study was performed with metabolic syndrome patients, aged 18–65 years, at an academic institution in Istanbul, Turkey (n = 70). All participants were randomized to the Intermittent Energy Restriction (IER) intervention group and Continuous Energy Restriction (CER) control group. Biochemical tests including lipid profile, fasting plasma glucose, insulin, glycosylated hemoglobin Type A1c (HbA1c), homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), blood pressure, and body composition were evaluated at baseline and at the 12th week in diet interviews. Dietary intake was measured with the 24-h dietary recall method and dietary quality was evaluated with the Healthy Eating Index-2010. Changes in body weight (≈7% weight loss) and composition were similar in both groups. Blood pressure, total cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), fasting glucose, and insulin at the 12th week decreased in both groups (p < 0.05). No significant differences were observed in metabolic syndrome biomarkers between the IER and CER groups. The energy-restricted intermittent fasting diet did not cause any deficiencies in macronutrient and fiber intake in the subjects. Healthy Eating Index (HEI) index scores were achieved similarly in both groups, and subjects’ dietary intakes were close to daily reference nutritional intake values. The technique used to achieve energy restriction, whether intermittent or continuous, appears to alleviate the metabolic syndrome biomarkers activated by weight loss.
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Evseev, A. "To the Issue of Intermittent Fasting Diet Effect on Human Body." Bulletin of Science and Practice 7, no. 9 (September 15, 2021): 410–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.33619/2414-2948/70/38.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The article raises the issue of intermittent fasting (IF) effect on human health, including patients with comorbidity. The aims of the paper are to study, investigate and summarize the results of the clinical experimental work dedicated to IF over the past fifteen years, as of 2005. The author evaluates a “risk–benefit” ratio of IF; its effect on nutrition restrictions linked with religious fasting; IF exposure on the structure and composition of microbiota of intestinal tract. Despite numerous papers dedicated to experiments held on rodents, the issue under discussion is yet insufficiently studied and needs further research.
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Huynh, Linda M., Karren Liang, Mohamad M. Osman, Farouk M. El-Khatib, Sharmin Dianatnejad, Maxwell Towe, Natalie H. Roberts, and Faysal A. Yafi. "Organic Diet and Intermittent Fasting are Associated With Improved Erectile Function." Urology 144 (October 2020): 147–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.urology.2020.07.019.
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Huang, Angie W., Min Wei, Sara Caputo, Melissa L. Wilson, Joseph Antoun, and William C. Hsu. "An Intermittent Fasting Mimicking Nutrition Bar Extends Physiologic Ketosis in Time Restricted Eating: A Randomized, Controlled, Parallel-Arm Study." Nutrients 13, no. 5 (April 30, 2021): 1523. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13051523.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
There has been increasing interest in time-restricted eating to attain intermittent fasting’s metabolic benefits. However, a more extended daily fast poses many challenges. This study was designed to evaluate the effects of a 200-calorie fasting-mimicking diet (FMD) energy bar formulated to prolong ketogenesis and mitigate fasting-associated side effects. A randomized, controlled study was conducted comparing the impact of consuming an FMD bar vs. continued water fast, after a 15-h overnight fast. Subjects in the FMD group showed a 3-h postprandial beta-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) level and 4-h postprandial BHB area under the curve (AUC0–4) that were non-inferior to those who continued with the water fast (p = 0.891 and p = 0.377, respectively). The postprandial glucose AUC0–4 in the FMD group was non-inferior to that in the water fast group (p = 0.899). A breakfast group served as a control, which confirmed that the instrument used in home glucose and ketone monitoring functioned as expected. The results indicate that FMD bar consumption does not interfere with the physiological ketogenesis associated with overnight fasting and could be used to facilitate the practice of time-restricted eating or intermittent fasting.
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Lima, Carlos Henrique Ribeiro, Iara Katrynne Fonsêca Oliveira, Karoline de Macêdo Gonçalves Frota, Cecilia Maria Resende Gonçalves de Carvalho, Adriana de Azevedo Paiva, Viriato Campelo, and Maria do Carmo de Carvalho e. Martins. "Impact of intermittent fasting on body weight in overweight and obese individuals." Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira 66, no. 2 (February 2020): 222–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1806-9282.66.2.222.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
SUMMARY OBJECTIVE To verify the relationship of intermittent fasting in the bodyweight of overweight and obese individuals through a systematic literature review. METHODS This is a systematic review based on randomized controlled trials. The articles were consulted in the databases: Science Direct, PubMed e BVS. This review was evaluated through the PRISMA recommendation. RESULTS After the selection process, four articles were included in this review, comparing intermittent fasting (IF) with calorie restriction diet (CRD) as a control group. In 2 studies using similar protocols, there was no significant reduction in body weight of overweight or obese subjects. In the other two studies using different protocols, weight loss was significant in the IF group compared to the CRD group. CONCLUSIONS Results did not provide evidence of the effect of intermittent fasting on weight loss in overweight or obese individuals.
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Templeman, Iain, Javier T. Gonzalez, Dylan Thompson, and James A. Betts. "The role of intermittent fasting and meal timing in weight management and metabolic health." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 79, no. 1 (April 26, 2019): 76–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0029665119000636.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Obesity remains a major public health concern and intermittent fasting is a popular strategy for weight loss, which may present independent health benefits. However, the number of diet books advising how fasting can be incorporated into our daily lives is several orders of magnitude greater than the number of trials examining whether fasting should be encouraged at all. This review will consider the state of current understanding regarding various forms of intermittent fasting (e.g. 5:2, time-restricted feeding and alternate-day fasting). The efficacy of these temporally defined approaches appears broadly equivalent to that of standard daily energy restriction, although many of these models of intermittent fasting do not involve fed-fasted cycles every other 24 h sleep–wake cycle and/or permit some limited energy intake outside of prescribed feeding times. Accordingly, the intervention period therefore may not regularly alternate, may not span all or even most of any given day, and may not even involve absolute fasting. This is important because potentially advantageous physiological mechanisms may only be initiated if a post-absorptive state is sustained by uninterrupted fasting for a more prolonged duration than applied in many trials. Indeed, promising effects on fat mass and insulin sensitivity have been reported when fasting duration is routinely extended beyond sixteen consecutive hours. Further progress will require such models to be tested with appropriate controls to isolate whether any possible health effects of intermittent fasting are primarily attributable to regularly protracted post-absorptive periods, or simply to the net negative energy balance indirectly elicited by any form of dietary restriction.
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Alqahtani, Nasser, and Amer Alanazi. "Potential Role of Intermittent Fasting and Fasting-Mimicking Diet in Prevention of Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease." Biosciences Biotechnology Research Asia 19, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 407–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bbra/2995.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Introduction: Prediabetes, diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are highly prevalent diseases around the world. They cause numerous complications that result in significant morbidity and mortality. Nutrition plays an important role in reducing CVD risk. This study explores potential effects of fasting, fasting-mimicking diets, and time-restricted eating on reduction of CVD risk factors and provides initial data on their potential benefits in CVD prevention and treatment options. Method: This prospective cohort study involed 31 male adult participants. All of them were provided with VLCD meal replacements (OPTIFAST®), and instructed to practice IF 14 hours a day for 4 weeks. The parameters that were measured before and after the intervention were body mass index (BMI), fasting blood sugar (FBS), total cholesterol (TC) levels. Student's T test was utilized to test statistical significance of the results. Results: The average BMI was 38.03 (±SD 4.69) before and 36.19 (±SD 4.26) after the study, but this reduction was not statistically significant. Statistical significance was confirmed in reduction of FBG levels (p=0.0008), with an average value of 7.69 mmol/L (±SD 1.03) before and 7.24 mmol/L (±SD 0.69) after the intervention. TC levels were also significantly reduced (p=0.016), with average values of 277.96 mg/dL (±SD 21.21) before and 272.19 mg/dL (±SD 25.89) after the intervention. Conclusion: IF and FMD might help in prevention of diabetes and cardiovascular diseases. Their impact mostly lies in their effectiveness in weight reduction. More research is warranted in order to fully explore potential health benefits of these diet plans.
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Öngel, Melek Ece, Cennet Yildiz, Özge Başer, Bayram Yilmaz, and Mustafa Özilgen. "Thermodynamic Assessment of the Effects of Intermittent Fasting and Fatty Liver Disease Diets on Longevity." Entropy 25, no. 2 (January 25, 2023): 227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e25020227.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Organisms uptake energy from their diet and maintain a highly organized structure by importing energy and exporting entropy. A fraction of the generated entropy is accumulated in their bodies, thus causing ageing. Hayflick’s entropic age concept suggests that the lifespan of organisms is determined by the amount of entropy they generate. Organisms die after reaching their lifespan entropy generation limit. On the basis of the lifespan entropy generation concept, this study suggests that an intermittent fasting diet, which means skipping some meals without increasing the calories uptake in the other courses, may increase longevity. More than 1.32 million people died in 2017 because of chronic liver diseases, and a quarter of the world’s population has non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. There are no specific dietary guidelines available for the treatment of non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases but shifting to a healthier diet is recommended as the primary treatment. A healthy obese person may generate 119.9 kJ/kg K per year of entropy and generate a total of 4796 kJ/kg K entropy in the first 40 years of life. If obese persons continue to consume the same diet, they may have 94 years of life expectancy. After age 40, Child–Pugh Score A, B, and C NAFLD patients may generate 126.2, 149.9, and 272.5 kJ/kg K year of entropy and have 92, 84, and 64 years of life expectancy, respectively. If they were to make a major recommended shift in their diet, the life expectancy of Child–Pugh Score A, B, and C patients may increase by 29, 32, and 43 years, respectively.
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Matiashova, L. M. "The Effect of Acute Intermittent Fasting on Blood Pressure, Inflammation Markers and Metabolic Parameters." Ukraïnsʹkij žurnal medicini, bìologìï ta sportu 7, no. 1 (March 22, 2022): 131–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.26693/jmbs07.01.131.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Obesity is increasingly common in post-industrial societies and poses a threat to public health. The main reason for the accumulation of excess adipose tissue is a violation of human energy balance. Modification of eating behavior is the basis for prevention and treatment of obesity and overweight. The purpose of the study was to examine the effect of acute fasting, over 16 hours in overweight and obese young and middle-aged people, on the level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein, interleukin 1-beta, blood lipids, fasting glucose, daily blood pressure and tolerability. Materials and methods. A prospective study was conducted involving 21 overweight and obese patients with a median age of 51 (28 ÷ 61) years. All hypertensive patients received stable antihypertensive therapy for three months and had office blood pressure targets at enrollment. A daily blood pressure study was performed in all patients using Heaco ABPM50. The test of rational nutrition with the calculation of daily calories was conducted using the program TRP-D02 Ukraine. All patients were tested for fasting glucose, blood lipids, creatinine, and C-reactive protein. All studies were conducted at the beginning and after intermittent fasting. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS IBM 19.0. Results and discussion. The level of inflammation markers was assessed in all study participants, the level of highly sensitive C-reactive protein decreased from 10.591±8.679 mg/l to 4.861±3.239 mg/l (p >0.05), and the initial level of interleukin-1 beta was 2.704±0.671 pg/ml, which did not change significantly after intermittent fasting – 2.607±0.698 pg/ml (p <0.05). Study participants were divided into two groups, the older age group with body mass index of 32.6±5.0 kg/m2 and the young age group with body mass index of 23.9±2.8 kg/m2 (p <0.01). It was found that after intermittent fasting, the level of triglycerides decreased from 1.8±0.8 to 1.5±0.3 (p = 0.05) mmol/l in the older age group. It was found that during fasting daytime systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased, and night systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased (p >0.05) in two groups. A balanced diet is a basis for preventing and treating obesity and overweight. A low-calorie diet is often recommended, but not all patients can follow this regimen. A new and alternative method is intermittent fasting with greater adherence in patients. However, there is insufficient data in the world literature on the effects of intermittent fasting, especially acute fasting, on inflammation, blood pressure and tolerability of the fasting period in different age groups. Conclusion. Acute intermittent fasting leads to changes in blood pressure, does not cause hypotension and is well tolerated by overweight and obese patients in the older age group
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Esa Indah Ayudia, Huntari Harahap, and Irfannuddin Irfannuddin. "THE EFFECT OF INTERMITENT FASTING DIET ON KIDNEY FUNCTION." International Journal of Islamic and Complementary Medicine 1, no. 2 (December 13, 2020): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.55116/ijim.v1i1.9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Obesity is a condition in which the ratio of body weight and height exceeds the specified standards. Obesity is an increase in total body fat, that is, if you are found to be overweight> 20% in men and 25% in women because of fat. The intermittent fasting diet is a calorie restriction method that is widely used for health or weight loss reasons. Overall kidney function is based on nephron function and impaired function is caused by decreased nephron action. Several laboratory tests have been developed to evaluate kidney function and identify the disorder early on. This can help clinicians to take early prevention and management in order to prevent the progression of kidney disorders to kidney failure. Renal function tests are carried out by examining the levels of urea and cretinin.
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Adi Supraba, Putu Ayu, I. Wayan Gede Sutadarma, and Ida Ayu Dewi Wiryanthini. "Pengaruh puasa berselang terhadap berat badan pada mahasiswa Program Studi Pendidikan Dokter Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana." Intisari Sains Medis 11, no. 3 (December 1, 2020): 955–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15562/ism.v11i3.173.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Background: Body weight is used as a measure of body mass in kilogram (kg). The way which is effective for weight loss is a lifestyle changes like diet and exercise. Besides low calorie diet, we can do intermittent fasting to prevent overweight and obesity.Aim: This research aims to know the effect of intermittent fasting on body weight in young adult group.Methods: This research uses pretest-posttest control group design which was conducted during Ramadhan fasting in 2017 in the Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University. The subject is divided into two groups, namely fasting group and unfasting group as many as 40 people, respectively. The data include weight before and after fasting.Results: Normality test obtained both fasting groups with p=0.326 and unfasting one with p=0.317, so that both groups are homogenous. Paired-sample t test on the weight for the beginning and end of the fasting group obtained the value of p=0.000, whereas in unfasting group obtained 0.149.Conclusion: Intermittent fasting affects early weight loss and final body weight on fasting group consequently. As for the unfasting group, it was obtained no significant distinction between initial weight compare with latest weight. Latar belakang: Berat badan digunakan sebagai ukuran massa tubuh dalam kilogram (kg). Cara yang paling efektif untuk menurunkan berat badan adalah perubahan gaya hidup meliputi diet dan olahraga. Selain diet rendah kalori, cara untuk mencegah kelebihan berat badan dan obesitas adalah puasa berselang.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh puasa berselang terhadap berat badan pada kelompok dewasa muda.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pretest-posttest groups control design yang dilakukan saat puasa Ramadhan 2017 di bagian Fisiologi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Udayana. Subjek penelitian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok yaitu kelompok puasa dan kelompok tidak puasa yang masing-masing berjumlah 40 orang. Data yang diambil meliputi berat badan sebelum dan sesudah puasa.Hasil: Hasil uji normalitas didapatkan untuk kelompok puasa dengan p=0.326 dan kelompok tidak puasa p=0.317 yang berarti kedua kelompok homogen. Pada uji t-test berpasangan untuk berat badan awal dan akhir pada kelompok puasa didapatkan nilai p=0.000, sedangkan pada kelompok tidak puasa didapatkan nilai p= 0.149.Simpulan: Puasa berselang berpengaruh terhadap penurunan berat badan awal dan berat badan akhir pada kelompok puasa. Sedangkan bagi kelompok tidak puasa, tidak didapatkan perbedaan yang bermakna antara berat badan awal dengan berat badan akhir.
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Domaszewski, Przemysław, Mariusz Konieczny, Paweł Pakosz, Dawid Bączkowicz, and Ewa Sadowska-Krępa. "Effect of a Six-Week Intermittent Fasting Intervention Program on the Composition of the Human Body in Women over 60 Years of Age." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 11 (June 10, 2020): 4138. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17114138.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The objective of this research was to determine the effectiveness of intermittent fasting (IF) in reducing body fat and lowering body mass index. An additional objective was to determine the feasibility of applying IF in overweight women over 60 years of age, which was assessed by the ratio of subjects who resigned from the diet plan. This study included a group of 45 women over 60 years of age. The intervention in the experimental group involved complete abstinence from food intake for 16 h per day, from 20:00 p.m. to 12:00 a.m. (the next day). The results demonstrated that the body weight in the subjects in the experimental group (EXP) group decreased by almost 2 kg and this decrease was visible in the remaining parameters related to body fat mass. The skeletal muscle mass did not change significantly, which indicates an actual decrease in the fat mass. The proportion of subjects who did not succeed in following the prescribed diet plan was 12%. The application of intermittent fasting in female subjects over 60 years of age resulted in positive changes in body composition. Time-restricted feeding (TRF) was characterized by a lower resignation rate compared to other diets involving intermittent fasting.
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Ayudia, Esa Indah, Huntari Harahap, and Irfannuddin Irfannuddin. "THE EFFECT OF INTERMITENT FASTING DIET ON KIDNEY FUNCTION." International Journal of Islamic Medicine 1, no. 2 (December 26, 2020): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.37275/ijim.v1i2.9.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Obesity is a condition in which the ratio of body weight and height exceeds the specified standards. Obesity is an increase in total body fat, that is, if you are found to be overweight> 20% in men and 25% in women because of fat. The intermittent fasting diet is a calorie restriction method that is widely used for health or weight loss reasons. Overall kidney function is based on nephron function and impaired function is caused by decreased nephron action. Several laboratory tests have been developed to evaluate kidney function and identify the disorder early on. This can help clinicians to take early prevention and management in order to prevent the progression of kidney disorders to kidney failure. Renal function tests are carried out by examining the levels of urea and cretinin.
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Różański, Gracjan, Derek Pheby, Julia L. Newton, Modra Murovska, Paweł Zalewski, and Joanna Słomko. "Effect of Different Types of Intermittent Fasting on Biochemical and Anthropometric Parameters among Patients with Metabolic-Associated Fatty Liver Disease (MAFLD)—A Systematic Review." Nutrients 14, no. 1 (December 26, 2021): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14010091.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), previously called non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), is the most common chronic liver disease worldwide. It is characterised by excessive fat accumulation in hepatocytes. Currently, no pharmacological therapy is effective for this disease, so non-pharmacological alternatives such as diet, supplementation or physical activity are being sought. For this reason, we reviewed the available databases to analyse the studies conducted to date using different modifications of intermittent fasting among patients with MAFLD. Eight studies using this dietary strategy were included in this review. The results obtained in the different trials are varied and do not allow a clear determination of the effect of the different types of intermittent fasting on anthropometric and biochemical parameters among patients with MAFLD. However, this type of diet seems to show some therapeutic potential, but further studies are needed.
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Cienfuegos, Sofia, Sarah Corapi, Kelsey Gabel, Mark Ezpeleta, Faiza Kalam, Shuhao Lin, Vasiliki Pavlou, and Krista A. Varady. "Effect of Intermittent Fasting on Reproductive Hormone Levels in Females and Males: A Review of Human Trials." Nutrients 14, no. 11 (June 3, 2022): 2343. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14112343.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intermittent fasting is a popular diet for weight loss, but concerns have been raised regarding the effects of fasting on the reproductive health of women and men. Accordingly, we conducted this literature review to clarify the effects of fasting on reproductive hormone levels in humans. Our results suggest that intermittent fasting decreases androgen markers (i.e., testosterone and the free androgen index (FAI)) while increasing sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels in premenopausal females with obesity. This effect was more likely to occur when food consumption was confined to earlier in the day (eating all food before 4 pm). In contrast, fasting did not have any effect on estrogen, gonadotropins, or prolactin levels in women. As for men, intermittent fasting reduced testosterone levels in lean, physically active, young males, but it did not affect SHBG concentrations. Interestingly, muscle mass and muscular strength were not negatively affected by these reductions in testosterone. In interpreting these findings, it is important to note that very few studies have been conducted on this topic. Thus, it is difficult to draw solid conclusions at present. From the limited data presented here, it is possible that intermittent fasting may decrease androgen markers in both genders. If this is the case, these results would have varied health implications. On the one hand, fasting may prove to be a valuable tool for treating hyperandrogenism in females with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) by improving menstruation and fertility. On the other hand, fasting may be shown to decrease androgens among males, which could negatively affect metabolic health and libido. More research is warranted to confirm these preliminary findings.
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Vemuganti, Raghu, and Thiruma V. Arumugam. "Much ado about eating: Intermittent fasting and post-stroke neuroprotection." Journal of Cerebral Blood Flow & Metabolism 41, no. 7 (April 14, 2021): 1791–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0271678x211009362.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
A proper diet is important for health and longevity. Controlling the amount of food consumed is immensely beneficial as it promotes multiple cellular and molecular protective mechanisms and simultaneously prevents toxic mechanisms. Intermittent fasting (IF) is a flexible and easy-to-adopt dietary modification that helps to mitigate metabolic disorders like diabetes and hypertension, and thus the devastating age-related diseases like heart attack, stroke and dementia. The benefits of IF seem to be mediated by altered epigenetic and transcriptional programming leading to reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial damage and cell death.
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Huynh, L., K. Liang, M. Osman, F. El-Khatib, S. Dianatnejad, N. Roberts, and F. Yafi. "090 Organic Diet and Intermittent Fasting are Associated with Improved Erectile Function." Journal of Sexual Medicine 18, no. 3 (March 2021): S47—S48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jsxm.2021.01.060.
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Hatting, Maximilian, Amy K. Rines, Chi Luo, Mitsuhisa Tabata, Kfir Sharabi, Jessica A. Hall, Francisco Verdeguer, Christian Trautwein, and Pere Puigserver. "Adipose Tissue CLK2 Promotes Energy Expenditure during High-Fat Diet Intermittent Fasting." Cell Metabolism 25, no. 2 (February 2017): 428–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmet.2016.12.007.
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Henderson, Yoko, Nazmin Bithi, Christopher Link, Jie Yang, and Christopher Hine. "Late-Onset Intermittent Fasting Decreases Aging-Related Frailty." Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (December 1, 2020): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.411.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Global average life expectancy continues to rise. As aging increases likelihoods of exhibiting geriatric syndromes (a.k.a. frailty), there is a need for effective anti-aging treatments. Multiple studies have shown the positive effects of dietary restriction (DR) on lifespan in various model organisms. However, DR is not widely implemented in older adults due to issues with patient compliance and the overall lack of understanding on the effects of DR initiated later in life. Thus, the present study tested whether late-life DR, specifically Every-Other-Day (EOD) fasting, attenuates aging-related frailty using a modified and simplified frailty index in mice. Briefly, 20-month old male and female C57BL/6 mice (human equivalent of 65 years) that had been on a control chow diet ad libitum during adulthood were placed on EOD fasting or ad libitum feeding for 2.5 months. Their frailty index was identified using an indirect calorimeter, glucose tolerance test, novel object place recognition test, forelimb grip strength meter, and rotarod. We found that late-life EOD fasting decreased overall caloric intake in males but not in females. In addition, EOD fasting significantly improved metabolic, musculoskeletal, and cognitive endpoints in male mice, but enhanced only some of these in female mice. Furthermore, EOD fasting improved hydrogen sulfide (H2S) production capacity and its associated sulfhydration signaling in tissues, which positively correlated with improvements in frailty measures. We conclude that EOD fasting implemented late in life can have therapeutic potential in the clinic. We are currently investigating the necessity of H2S production for DR mediated benefits and longevity.
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Suchitra, M. R., and S. Parthasarathy. "Intermittent Fasting on the Ekadashi Day and the Role of Spiritual Nutrition." Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal 9, no. 1 (April 27, 2021): 122–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12944/crnfsj.9.1.12.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intermittent Fasting (IF) has been practiced for centuries with the belief of wellbeing getting restored. The so-called restoration of internal milieu by calorie free periods is believed in many religions. The Muslims practise the night-only-feeds of Ramzan, the Christians in a few selected days of a week and the Hindus fasting every fifteen days on the day of Ekadashi1. Ekadashi is a Sanskrit word, which literally means 'the eleventh'. It actually refers to the eleventh day of a fortnight and hence there are two such days in a lunar month. After the full calorie free day, there are certain prescribed foods and nutrients to be taken the next day of Dwadashi among which amla fruit and agathi keerai leaves are necessarily taken as a starter before actual full-fledged refeeding. There are a few specific ingredients in these foods which make them ideal to break a fasting session2. As these days are associated with the Hindu deities such nutrition can be designed as spiritual nutrition. Such additives to routine diet may help overcome the problems of refeeding. In this review we have attempted to define the scientific basis of fasting during Ekadashi and the reasoning behind the initial administration of agathi keerai leaves and amla fruits before the intake of routine diet on the following day.i.e. Dwadashi. We tried to look for scientific evidences behind such fortnightly fasting and the specialized feeds on the next day and kept them as objectives of this special review
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Lao, Cindy, and Michelle Averill. "Eating Competence in Adults Following Either Intermittent Fasting or Ketogenic Diets." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 372. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac054.027.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objectives This study seeks to evaluate the level of Eating Competence (EC) among individuals following either intermittent fasting (IF) or ketogenic diets (KD) and determine whether EC relates to orthorexia or reason for following the diet. Methods This cross-sectional study is based on an anonymous survey conducted from August 21st through September 2nd 2021. Adults following IF and KD (N = 93) were recruited from online IF/KD social media communities on Facebook and Reddit. Orthorexia and EC were assessed using the validated ORTO-R survey and the Satter Eating Competence Inventory (ecSI 2.0™). Associations between likelihood of having EC and orthorexia were done using binomial logistic regression controlling for age, BMI, gender, education, and prior eating disorders. Additional associations between EC and reasons for following the diets were analyzed through binomial regressions analysis. Results Among the sample, 68.8% was classified as having EC. Increasing ORTO-R scores were significantly associated with lower EC likelihood (0.003). While the logistic regression model was statistically significant (p = 0.048), no other predictor variables in the model were significant. The top five most frequent reasons for following either diet (% of sample) included: weight loss (86%), metabolic health (61%), mental clarity (52%), increased energy (47%), and decreased hunger dependence (38%). Conclusions Adults self-reporting following IF and KD report a high level of eating competence. Within this population, there was an association between eating competence and orthorexia, but not other variables. This data suggests that people following restrictive diets may do so while maintaining eating competence, however, presence of orthorexia attitudes suggest higher risk for lower eating competence. While most participants followed the diet for weight loss, this did not predict eating competence or orthorexia. This study also calls attention to the complexity of eating attitudes among individuals following restrictive diets and a need to consider orthorexia behaviors that might increase risk for poor eating competence. Funding Sources None.
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Mulyaningrum, Utami, Anif Firrizki Muttaqina, Adhitama Noor Idninda, Ndilalah Pulungan, Irena Agustiningtyas, and Ika Fidianingsih. "Effect of Dawood Fasting on the Increased Level of Antioxidant Enzymes." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, A (January 5, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.4175.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
BACKGROUND: The incidence of degenerative diseases is increasing. The underlying mechanism for such disease includes rising oxidative stress without correspondingly adequate antioxidants. Intermittent fasting (IF) may stimulate mild oxidative stress with a corresponding increase in antioxidants. Dawood fasting (DF) as an alternative diet similar to IF is normally performed for <24 h (±14 h) with intermittent intervals of 1st-day fasting, 2nd-day ad libitum (AL) diet, 3rd-day fasting, and so on.
AIM: The aim of this study to examine the effect of DF on the changes in superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (Cat) antioxidant enzymes in BALB/c strain mice.
METHODS: A total of 15 BALB/c strain mice were randomly divided into three groups. The AL control (ALC) group was given a standard diet (AIN93) and AL drink every day. The high-fat diet control group was treated with a high-fat diet (24%) and daily AL drink. The DF group fasted on the 1st day (no food or drink) from 17:00 to 07:00, continued every other day, and given a standard feed (AIN93) and AL drink for 8 weeks. Examination of SOD levels in the liver as well as GPx and Cat levels in plasma was carried out using a spectrophotometer. The analysis was conducted using the one-way analysis of variance test followed by Tukey’s test (95% confidence level).
RESULTS: The levels of SOD in ALC, DF, and HF groups were 52.86 ± 5.73%, 68.57 ± 3.7%, and 38.57 ± 4.3%, respectively (p = 0.00). The GPx levels were 43.06 ± 2.75 U/L, 55.54 ± 2.71 U/L, and 32.26 ± 2.14 U/L, respectively (p = 0.00), and the corresponding Cat levels were 5.82 ± 0.63 U/ml, 6.55 ± 0.64 U/ml, and 3.44 ± 0.64 U/ml (p = 0.00).
CONCLUSION: The levels of SOD, GPx, and Cat antioxidant enzymes during DF were higher compared to an AL diet and a high-fat diet.
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Dutzmann, Jochen, Kai Knöpp, Zoe Kefalianakis, Jan-Marcus Daniel, Hubert Gufler, Walter Wohlgemuth, Florian Kahles, and Daniel G. Sedding. "Effect of intermittent fasting after ST-elevation myocardial infarction on left ventricular function: study protocol of a pilot randomised controlled trial (INTERFAST-MI)." BMJ Open 12, no. 4 (April 2022): e050067. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050067.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
IntroductionPreclinical studies consistently show robust disease-modifying effects of intermittent fasting in animal models of cardiovascular disease. However, the impact of intermittent fasting on cardiovascular endpoints after myocardial infarction has not been investigated in a clinical trial so far.Methods and analysisThe INTERmittent FASTing after Myocardial Infarction (INTERFAST-MI) trial is a monocentric prospective randomised controlled non-confirmatory pilot study including 48 patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. They will be randomised in a 1:1 ratio to either intermittent fasting (daily time-restricted eating; consuming food for not more than 8 hours/day, fasting for at least 16 hours/day) or to a control group without a particular diet. The follow-up time is 6 months. The prespecified primary outcome is change in left ventricular systolic function at 4 weeks from baseline to estimate effect size required to establishing sample size and power calculation for a future full-scale trial. Secondary outcomes include protocol adherence, recruitment, major adverse cardiac events, revascularisation, changes in left ventricular systolic function at 3 and 6 months, patient weight, blood pressure, and serum markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease. Enrolment began on 1 November 2020 and is expected to conclude in December 2021.Ethics and disseminationThe trial has received ethics approval from the Medical Ethics Committee of the Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg. Results of the study will be submitted for publication in a peer-reviewed journal and presented at scientific conferences.Trial registration numberDRKS00021784.
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Koliaki, Chrysi C., and Nicholas L. Katsilambros. "Are the Modern Diets for the Treatment of Obesity Better than the Classical Ones?" Endocrines 3, no. 4 (October 7, 2022): 603–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/endocrines3040052.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Conventional hypocaloric diets, providing continuous energy restriction, are considered to be the cornerstone of dietary management of obesity. Although energy-restricted diets are overall safe, healthy, and modestly effective, their long-term adherence is difficult to accomplish. Intermittent fasting and ketogenic diets have emerged as attractive alternative dietary options for weight loss and improvement in cardiometabolic risk. Intermittent fasting is a unique dietary pattern characterized by periods of eating alternated with periods of fasting. Ketogenic diets are very low in carbohydrate, modest in protein, and high in fat. Several systematic reviews and meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have reported beneficial but short-lived effects of intermittent fasting and ketogenic diets on various obesity-related health outcomes. Although for both diets, the current evidence is promising and steadily evolving, whether they are better than traditional calorie-restricted diets, whether they can safely lead to sustained weight loss and overall health benefits, and their effects on body composition, weight loss maintenance, energy intake and expenditure, diet quality, and cardiometabolic risk factors are still not unequivocally proven. The aim of the present review is to summarize the current state of evidence regarding the effects of these two popular modern diets, namely intermittent fasting and ketogenic diets. We describe the rationale and characteristics of different dietary protocols, we analyze the major mechanisms explaining their weight loss and cardiometabolic effects, and we provide a concise update on their effects on body weight and cardiometabolic risk factors, focusing on meta-analyses of RCTs. We also discuss knowledge gaps in the field of these diets, and we indicate directions for future research.
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Weaver, Pietro, Alexander Zeizinger, Peter Vu, Hayden West, and Soon-Mi Choi. "The Effects of 2-Week 16:8-Hour Intermittent Fasting on Body Composition: Case Study." Journal of Health, Sports, and Kinesiology 2, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 31–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.47544/johsk.2021.2.1.31.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Intermittent fasting is a form of nutrition dieting in which an individual is allotted an amount of time to consume food throughout the day. Intermittent fasting has been shown to acutely change an individual’s body composition as an effective intervention. The purpose of this research was to determine the effects of 2-week 16:8-hour intermittent fasting on body composition. Participants ages ranged from 21-24 years, with a total of four (males: 3, female: 1), all college aged students. All participants were involved in regular exercise but had no previous experience of intermittent fasting. Each participant consumed their normal dietary intake till day of pre-intervention testing but were told to be in a fasted state before undergoing baseline testing. A glucometer was used to evaluate fasted blood glucose. Blood pressure was determined by using a manual cuff. A stadiometer was used to measure participants height and weight. A flexible tape measure was used to determine the waist and hip circumferences, which were used to determine the waist to hip ratio. Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis and Skinfold Calipers were used to determine body composition. Participants maintained normal physical activity levels, and logged volume and intensities in the MyFitnessPal application. Participants followed an isocaloric intake. Participants followed a 16:8 ratio, with a 16 hour fast and 8 hours allotted to consume food. Participants followed the intermittent fasting diet for a total of two weeks. Post-intervention was reevaluated at the two-week mark following intervention start. Data was presented as mean ± standard deviation and determined by descriptive analysis. Statistical significance was set at p < .05. The results may indicate that intermittent fasting with a 16:8 ratio can decrease body mass and resting blood pressure in young individuals. Due to COVID-19, limitations were placed allotting only 2 weeks for intervention and for smaller sample size. For future research, study would be increased to 8 weeks with an increased sample size up.
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Zang, Bo-Ying, Li-Xia He, and Ling Xue. "Intermittent Fasting: Potential Bridge of Obesity and Diabetes to Health?" Nutrients 14, no. 5 (February 25, 2022): 981. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14050981.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Obesity has been an escalating worldwide health problem for decades, and it is likely a risk factor of prediabetes and diabetes. Correlated with obesity, the number of diabetic patients is also remarkable. A modest weight loss (5–10%) is critical to alleviate the risk of any other metabolic disease. Reduced energy intake has been an essential factor for weight loss reduction. As a new behavior intervention to lose weight, intermittent fasting (IF) attracts considerable attention and has become a popular strategy among young people. IF is a diet pattern that cycles between periods of fasting and eating on a regular schedule, involving various types, mainly Intermittent Energy Restriction and Time-Restricted Fasting. Accumulating evidence shows that short-term IF has a greatly positive effect in animal studies and contributes favorable benefits in human trials as well. Nevertheless, as an emerging, diverse, and relatively premature behavior intervention, there are still limited studies considering patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. It is also a controversial intervention for the treatment of metabolic disease and cancer. The risks and challenges appear consequently. Additionally, whether intermittent fasting can be applied to long-term clinical treatment, and whether it has side effects during the long-term period or not, demands more large-scale and long-term experiments.
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Semnani-Azad, Zhila, Tauseef Khan, Stefan Kabisch, Hana Kahleova, Cyril Kendall, David Lau, Sean Wharton, et al. "Effect of Intermittent Fasting Strategies on Cardiometabolic Risk Factors: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials." Current Developments in Nutrition 5, Supplement_2 (June 2021): 1091. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzab053_084.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Abstract Objectives Intermittent fasting (IF) is a popular trending diet, yet there is limited evidence-based support considering its clinical impact on cardiometabolic outcomes. In an effort to inform the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD) clinical practice guidelines for nutrition therapy, we conducted a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing IF strategies and continuous energy restriction (CER) on cardiometabolic outcomes using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Methods MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane databases were searched through Nov 2020. We included RCTs assessing the effect of IF strategies (alternate-day fasting (ADF), whole-day periodic fasting (WDF), time-restricted feeding (TRF)), CER, and ad libitum diet. Outcomes included body weight, fasting glucose and LDL-cholesterol. Two independent researchers extracted data and assessed risk of bias. A network meta-analysis was performed and data were expressed as mean differences (MD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The certainty of the evidence was assessed using GRADE. Results We identified 19 RCTs (n = 590) including adults of varying health backgrounds. ADF and CER both showed a benefit for body weight reduction compared to ad libitum diet (18 trials, n = 520; MD −3.95 kg [95% CI −6.09, −1.81] and MD −2.85 kg [95% CI −4.99, −0.71], respectively). For fasting glucose (17 trials, n = 590), TRF showed a benefit compared to ad libitum diet (MD −0.39 mmol/L [95% CI −0.59, −0.20]), to CER (MD −0.25 mmol/L [95% CI, −0.45 to −0.06]) and to WDF (MD −0.20 mmol/L [95% CI, −0.45, −0.05]). Furthermore, ADF showed a benefit in reducing LDL-cholesterol (17 trials, n = 590) compared to ad libitum diet (MD −0.21 mmol/L [95% CI −0.40, −0.1]), and to CER (MD −0.15 mmol/L [95% CI −0.31, −0.01]). The certainty of the evidence ranged from high to moderate due to variable downgrades for imprecision. Conclusions Current evidence provides a good indication that IF strategies have similar benefits to CER for weight loss but may have additional benefits for fasting glucose and LDL-cholesterol. Long-term high quality RCTs are needed to clarify the effect of different IF strategies on cardiometabolic outcomes. Funding Sources Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group of the EASD, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Diabetes Canada.
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Frank, Juliette, Arpana Gupta, Vadim Osadchiy, and Emeran A. Mayer. "Brain–Gut–Microbiome Interactions and Intermittent Fasting in Obesity." Nutrients 13, no. 2 (February 10, 2021): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13020584.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The obesity epidemic and its metabolic consequences are a major public health problem both in the USA and globally. While the underlying causes are multifactorial, dysregulations within the brain–gut–microbiome (BGM) system play a central role. Normal eating behavior is coordinated by the tightly regulated balance between intestinal, extraintestinal and central homeostatic and hedonic mechanisms, resulting in stable body weight. The ubiquitous availability and marketing of inexpensive, highly palatable and calorie-dense food has played a crucial role in shifting this balance towards hedonic eating through both central (disruptions in dopaminergic signaling) and intestinal (vagal afferent function, metabolic toxemia, systemic immune activation, changes to gut microbiome and metabolome) mechanisms. The balance between homeostatic and hedonic eating behaviors is not only influenced by the amount and composition of the diet, but also by the timing and rhythmicity of food ingestion. Circadian rhythmicity affects both eating behavior and multiple gut functions, as well as the composition and interactions of the microbiome with the gut. Profound preclinical effects of intermittent fasting and time restricted eating on the gut microbiome and on host metabolism, mostly demonstrated in animal models and in a limited number of controlled human trials, have been reported. In this Review, we will discuss the effects of time-restricted eating on the BGM and review the promising effects of this eating pattern in obesity treatment.
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Tamilarasan, Shanmugasundaram, Uthirakumar Devaraj, Ammu Ramu, Sethupathi Virumandi, Pratima Bichandarkoil Jayaram, and Balamurugan Elumalai. "Intermittent Fasting Improves Memory, Reduces Anxiety and Enhances Neurotransmitter Levels In Zebrafish (Danio Rerio)." South Asian Journal of Experimental Biology 12, no. 4 (August 4, 2022): 499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.38150/sajeb.12(4).p499-507.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
The zebrafish is an excellent model for social, behavioural and neuroscience studies. The brain controls food intake, energy expenditure, insulin secretion, hepatic glucose production, and glucose fatty acid metabolism in adipose tissue and skeletal muscle. Caloric restriction is thought to be the main reason for disease regulation. The sensory system strengthens by altering the union of neurotrophins and synapses. The experimental groups studied in this research included control, uncontrolled diet-(overfed), 12hrs, 24hrs, 48hrs intermittent fasting, respectively. The study groups were subjected to a T-maze test to examine zebrafish memory and learning changes. The novel tank test (NTT) and light and dark (LDT) tests investigated stress-like behaviour. The levels of dopamine, serotonin, epinephrine, and nor-epinephrine were measured using a spectrofluorimetric method. We found behaviour and enhanced neurotransmitter levels in the groups that were subjected to intermittent fasting than the overfed and control groups which may be due to the hippocampus derived neurotrophic factor that in areas memory power and reduce anxiety from this experiment it is evident that intermittent fasting could bring a positive outcome in memory maintenance by lowering the anxiety and thereby keeping a check in neurotransmitter levels.
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Mercier, Benjamin D., Eemon Tizpa, Errol J. Philip, Qianhua Feng, Ziyi Huang, Reeny M. Thomas, Sumanta K. Pal, Tanya B. Dorff, and Yun R. Li. "Dietary Interventions in Cancer Treatment and Response: A Comprehensive Review." Cancers 14, no. 20 (October 20, 2022): 5149. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14205149.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Chemotherapy and radiotherapy are first-line treatments in the management of advanced solid tumors. Whereas these treatments are directed at eliminating cancer cells, they cause significant adverse effects that can be detrimental to a patient’s quality of life and even life-threatening. Diet is a modifiable risk factor that has been shown to affect cancer risk, recurrence, and treatment toxicity, but little information is known how diet interacts with cancer treatment modalities. Although dietary interventions, such as intermittent fasting and ketogenic diets, have shown promise in pre-clinical studies by reducing the toxicity and increasing the efficacy of chemotherapeutics, there remains a limited number of clinical studies in this space. This review surveys the impact of dietary interventions (caloric restriction, intermittent and short-term fasting, and ketogenic diet) on cancer treatment outcomes in both pre-clinical and clinical studies. Early studies support a complementary role for these dietary interventions in improving patient quality of life across multiple cancer types by reducing toxicity and perhaps a benefit in treatment efficacy. Larger, phase III, randomized clinical trials are ultimately necessary to evaluate the efficacy of these dietary interventions in improving oncologic or quality of life outcomes for patients that are undergoing chemotherapy or radiotherapy.
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Stanek, Agata, Klaudia Brożyna-Tkaczyk, Samaneh Zolghadri, Armand Cholewka, and Wojciech Myśliński. "The Role of Intermittent Energy Restriction Diet on Metabolic Profile and Weight Loss among Obese Adults." Nutrients 14, no. 7 (April 5, 2022): 1509. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14071509.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
Obesity is a disease defined by an elevated body mass index (BMI), which is the result of excessive or abnormal accumulation of fat. Dietary intervention is fundamental and essential as the first-line treatment for obese patients, and the main rule of every dietary modification is calorie restriction and consequent weight loss. Intermittent energy restriction (IER) is a special type of diet consisting of intermittent pauses in eating. There are many variations of IER diets such as alternate-day fasting (ADF) and time-restricted feeding (TRF). In the literature, the IER diet is known as an effective method for bodyweight reduction. Furthermore, IER diets have a beneficial effect on systolic or diastolic pressure, lipid profile, and glucose homeostasis. In addition, IER diets are presented as being as efficient as a continuous energy restriction diet (CER) in losing weight and improving metabolic parameters. Thus, the IER diet could present an alternative option for those who cannot accept a constant food regimen.
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Arbour, Megan W., Melissa Stec, Kelly C. Walker, and Judith C. Wika. "Clinical Implications for Women of a Low-Carbohydrate or Ketogenic Diet With Intermittent Fasting." Nursing for Women's Health 25, no. 2 (April 2021): 139–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nwh.2021.01.009.
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Vafa, Mohammadreza, and NazaninAsghari Hanjani. "Protein restriction, epigenetic diet, intermittent fasting as new approaches for preventing age-associated diseases." International Journal of Preventive Medicine 9, no. 1 (2018): 58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_397_16.
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Schreck, Karisa C., Fang-Chi Hsu, Adam Berrington, Bobbie Henry-Barron, Diane Vizthum, Lindsay Blair, Eric H. Kossoff, et al. "Feasibility and Biological Activity of a Ketogenic/Intermittent-Fasting Diet in Patients With Glioma." Neurology 97, no. 9 (July 7, 2021): e953-e963. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000012386.
Повний текст джерелаАнотація:
ObjectiveTo examine the feasibility, safety, systemic biological activity, and cerebral activity of a ketogenic dietary intervention in patients with glioma.MethodsTwenty-five patients with biopsy-confirmed World Health Organization grade 2 to 4 astrocytoma with stable disease after adjuvant chemotherapy were enrolled in an 8-week Glioma Atkins-Based Diet (GLAD). GLAD consisted of 2 fasting days (calories <20% calculated estimated needs) interleaved between 5 modified Atkins diet days (net carbohydrates ≤20 g/d) each week. The primary outcome was dietary adherence by food records. Markers of systemic and cerebral activity included weekly urine ketones, serum insulin, glucose, hemoglobin A1c, insulin-like growth factor-1, and magnetic resonance spectroscopy at baseline and week 8.ResultsTwenty-one patients (84%) completed the study. Eighty percent of patients reached ≥40 mg/dL urine acetoacetate during the study. Forty-eight percent of patients were adherent by food record. The diet was well tolerated, with two grade 3 adverse events (neutropenia, seizure). Measures of systemic activity, including hemoglobin A1c, insulin, and fat body mass, decreased significantly, while lean body mass increased. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy demonstrated increased ketone concentrations (β-hydroxybutyrate [bHB] and acetone) in both lesional and contralateral brain compared to baseline. Average ketonuria correlated with cerebral ketones in lesional (tumor) and contralateral brain (bHB Rs = 0.52, p = 0.05). Subgroup analysis of isocitrate dehydrogenase–mutant glioma showed no differences in cerebral metabolites after controlling for ketonuria.ConclusionThe GLAD dietary intervention, while demanding, produced meaningful ketonuria and significant systemic and cerebral metabolic changes in participants. Ketonuria in participants correlated with cerebral ketone concentration and appears to be a better indicator of systemic activity than patient-reported food records.Trial Registration InformationClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT02286167.