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Дисертації з теми "Joint species distribution models"

Автор: Grafiati

Опубліковано: 30 листопада 2024

Оновлено: 26 липня 2025

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1

Valiquette, Samuel. "Sur les données de comptage dans le cadre des valeurs extrêmes et la modélisation multivariée." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UMONS028.

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Cette thèse s’intéresse à certains aspects théoriques de la modélisation des données de comptage. Deux cadres distincts sont abordés : celui des valeurs extrêmes et celui de la modélisation multivariée. Notre première contribution explore, en termes des comportements extrêmes, les liens existants entre le mélange Poisson et sa loi de mélange. Ce travail permet de caractériser et séparer plusieurs familles de lois de mélanges Poisson selon leur comportement en queue. Bien que ce travail soit théorique, nous discutons de son utilité d’un point de vue pratique, notamment pour le choix de la loi d

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2

Venne, Simon. "Can Species Distribution Models Predict Colonizations and Extinctions?" Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/38465.

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Aim MaxEnt, a very popular species distribution modelling technique, has been used extensively to relate species’ geographic distributions to environmental variables and to predict changes in species’ distributions in response to environmental change. Here, we test its predictive ability through time (rather than through space, as is commonly done) by modeling colonizations and extinctions. Location Continental U.S. and southern Canada. Time period 1979-2009 Major taxa studied Twenty-one species of passerine birds. Methods We used MaxEnt to relate species’ geographic distribu

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3

Mugodo, James, and n/a. "Plant species rarity and data restriction influence the prediction success of species distribution models." University of Canberra. Resource, Environmental & Heritage Sciences, 2002. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20050530.112801.

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There is a growing need for accurate distribution data for both common and rare plant species for conservation planning and ecological research purposes. A database of more than 500 observations for nine tree species with different ecological and geographical distributions and a range of frequencies of occurrence in south-eastern New South Wales (Australia) was used to compare the predictive performance of logistic regression models, generalised additive models (GAMs) and classification tree models (CTMs) using different data restriction regimes and several model-building strategies. Environme

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4

Rapacciuolo, Giovanni. "Predicting species' range shifts under global change : when can species distribution models be useful?" Thesis, Imperial College London, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/18025.

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Predicting how species’ distributions will change in response to environmental changes is fundamental for many aspects of agriculture, ecosystem service provision, human and animal health, and wildlife conservation. Correlative species distribution models (SDMs) are the primary tool for making such predictions; however, assessing their predictive accuracy is notoriously difficult, since predicted events are yet to occur. In this thesis, I tested the temporal transferability of widely-used SDMs based on coarse climate and land cover variables by validating these against records of recently-obse

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5

Marshall, Charlotte Emily. "Species distribution modelling to support marine conservation planning." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/1176.

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This thesis explores some important practical considerations concerning the use of species distribution models in marine conservation planning. Using geo-referenced gorgonian distribution data, together with explanatory environmental variables, predictive models have been used to map the spatial distribution of suitable gorgonian (sea fan) habitat in two study sites; Hatton Bank, in the Northeast Atlantic, and Lyme Bay on the south coast of Devon. Generalized Linear Models (GLMs), Generalized Additive Models (GAMs) and a Maximum Entropy (Maxent) model have been used to support critical investi

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6

ONGARO, SILVIA. "Ecology of Mediterranean lichens and plants: application of species distribution models." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2962383.

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Many studies include Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) techniques to define spatial biogeographic patterns of species and to explore ecological variability. As first, a study on the ecology of infrageneric taxa of genus Solenopsora is presented. The genus includes 25 species of foliose, rupicolous lichens, mostly occurring in temperate and subtropical regions. In Europe, only some taxa range from central Europe (with continental/Atlantic climate) to the Mediterranean, while others are restricted to Mediterranean area. The aim was to explore ecological variability of infrageneric taxa (with

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7

Wong, Po-shing, and 黃寶誠. "Some mixture models for the joint distribution of stock's return and trading volume." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31210065.

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8

Wong, Po-shing. "Some mixture models for the joint distribution of stock's return and trading volume /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13009485.

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9

Scott-Hayward, Lindesay Alexandra Sarah. "Novel methods for species distribution mapping including spatial models in complex regions." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/4514.

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Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) plays a key role in a number of biological applications: assessment of temporal trends in distribution, environmental impact assessment and spatial conservation planning. From a statistical perspective, this thesis develops two methods for increasing the accuracy and reliability of maps of density surfaces and provides a solution to the problem of how to collate multiple density maps of the same region, obtained from differing sources. From a biological perspective, these statistical methods are used to analyse two marine mammal datasets to produce accurate

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10

Galaiduk, Ronen. "Spatial ecology and ontogeny: incorporating fish size-classes into species distribution models." Thesis, Curtin University, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/51887.

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I use spatial modelling to investigate how relative abundance and body-length can be used to identify niche requirements and habitat partitioning between conspecific fishes. The models identified specific areas associated with juveniles and adults of same or multiple fish species. I investigate the performance of models using data collected from towed and baited video systems. The towed video models detected fine-scale environmental niche associations of fish, which could be missed by commonly used baited systems.

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11

Aizpurua, San Roman Olatz. "Species distribution models for birds: How useful are their outcomes for conservation applications?" Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Lleida, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667947.

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Els models de distribució d'espècies s'utilitzen cada vegada més per orientar les accions de conservació de la biodiversitat. Aquests models prediuen la probabilitat d'aparició d'espècies en llocs on la seva presència es desconeix i són funció del vincle conegut entre la presència de l’espècie i les condicions ambientals. La probabilitat d'aparició d'espècies sovint es considera com un indicador de la qualitat de l'hàbitat. La interpretació correcta dels resultats d'aquesta tècnica de modelatge és de primordial importància abans d'utilitzar els models en aplicacions de conservació. L'objec

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12

Vaughan, Ian P. "Development of species distribution models and their application to birds in river habitats." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2004. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55925/.

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1. Distribution models are used as management tools to predict species' distributions and quantify their habitat preferences. Numerous methodological issues require further development, which are explored using the distribution of birds along rivers as a model system in which there is a need to i) develop the quantification and analysis of variation in river habitat features and ii) better quantify species' habitat preferences for conservation and prediction. These themes were linked using a combination of the British Trust for Ornithology's Waterways Breeding Bird Survey (WBBS) and the Enviro

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13

Sokolovska, Iva. "Are Experimentally Derived Estimates of Thermal Tolerance Useful in Interpreting Species Distribution Models." DigitalCommons@USU, 2014. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/3695.

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Species distribution models are frequently used in ecology to predict the spatial and temporal occurrence of organisms. Direct interpretation of these models assumes that the relationships between the organisms and their environment are manifestations of causal mechanisms. However, in general, the mechanisms producing these associations have not been experimentally validated, which questions our confidence in their interpretation and application. Temperature is one of the most important factors influencing the fitness and distribution of aquatic organisms, and studying the thermal physiology o

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14

Robertson, Mark Peter. "Predictive modelling of species' potential geographical distributions." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1007189.

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Анотація:

Models that are used for predicting species' potential distributions are important tools that have found applications in a number of areas of applied ecology. The majority of these models can be classified as correlative, as they rely on strong, often indirect, links between species distribution records and environmental predictor variables to make predictions. Correlative models are an alternative to more complex mechanistic models that attempt to simulate the mechanisms considered to underlie the observed correlations with environmental attributes. This study explores the influence of the ty

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15

Villero, Pi Daniel. "Applying species distribution models in conservation biology = Aplicacions dels models de distribució d'espècies en biologia de la conservació." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/398994.

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This work is at the crossroads where conservation problems, arising from the biodiversity loss and environmental crisis, meet the difficulties of applying research outcomes in conservation practice, framed in a sustained decline of resources for biodiversity conservation due to an entrenched economic and social crisis. The overall aim of the thesis is to deepen the use of species distribution models (SDM) to improve decision-making processes in biodiversity conservation. With the ambition to build bridges between research and conservation practice, the thesis proposes to go closer to real cont

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16

Maggini, Ramona. "Species distribution models for conservation-oriented studies in Switzerland: filling data and tool gaps." Thesis, University of Lausanne, Switzerland, 2011. https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_16EF29C539B2.

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Species distribution models (SDMs) represent nowadays an essential tool in the research fields of ecology and conservation biology. By combining observations of species occurrence or abundance with information on the environmental characteristic of the observation sites, they can provide information on the ecology of species, predict their distributions across the landscape or extrapolate them to other spatial or time frames. The advent of SDMs, supported by geographic information systems (GIS), new developments in statistical models and constantly increasing computational capacities, has revo

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17

Crego, Ramiro Daniel. "Modeling the distribution of meadows in arid and semi-arid Patagonia, Argentina: assessing current distribution and predicting response to climate change." OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1001.

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Meadows are critical in arid and semi-arid Argentinean Patagonia because of their importance for regional biodiversity. Despite this, little information on the spatial distribution of meadows is available and no analysis of the potential effect of climate change on meadows has been performed, which hampers conservation planning. In this study, I modeled the spatial distribution of meadows and investigated how climate change may affect the current distribution of meadows in arid and semiarid Patagonia by 2050. In addition, I investigated conservation status and areas of desertification vulnerab

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18

Beton, Damla. "Effects Of Climate Change On Biodiversity: A Case Study On Four Plant Species Using Distribution Models." Phd thesis, METU, 2011. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12613538/index.pdf.

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Conservation strategies are mainly focused on species existing in an environment shaped by natural and anthropogenic pressures. Yet, evidence shows that climate is changing faster than ever and expected to continue to change in the near future, which can be devastating for plants with restricted ranges. Turkey harbors many endemic species that might be affected from these changes. However, available data is scarce and biased, complicating the anticipation of future changes. Aim of this study is to improve our understanding of endemic species distributions and forecasting effects of climate ch

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19

Leitão, Pedro Jorge Paixão. "Improving species distribution models to describe steppe bird occurrence patterns and habitat selection in Southern Portugal." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505778.

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The birds of the steppe environments face a number of different threats relating to habitat degradation (such as agricultural intensification, land abandonment afforestation), and the vast majority of species have unfavourable conservation status. Conservation measures require an understanding of species habitat preferences and their occurrence patterns and must be applied at the relevant spatial scales. This study, investigated the habitat selection and resulting distributions of the steppe bird community in southern Portugal, one its strongholds.

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20

Huang, Jian. "Assessing predictive performance and transferability of species distribution models for freshwater fish in the United States." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/73477.

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Rigorous modeling of the spatial species distributions is critical in biogeography, conservation, resource management, and assessment of climate change. The goal of chapter 2 of this dissertation was to evaluate the potential of using historical samples to develop high-resolution species distribution models (SDMs) of stream fishes of the United States. I explored the spatial transferability and temporal transferability of stream–fish distribution models in chapter 3 and chapter 4 respectively. Chapter 2 showed that the discrimination power of SDMs for 76 non-game fish species depended on data

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21

Emery, Nathan. "Enhanced species distribution models: a case study using essential population data from Actinotus helianthi (flannel flower)." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13322.

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Species distribution models (SDMs) quantify the spatial configuration or change of suitable habitat for species. This makes SDMs indispensable for conservation planning and climate adaptation management. It is timely, therefore, to examine the underlying model assumptions more carefully. These models typically use known localities of individuals of the species as an indication of what environmental conditions the species will persist under. Each confirmed record is treated equally as an indication of suitability, thus assuming that all populations are equal. However, populations vary considera

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22

Foster, Sharla. "Quantifying the Expansion of an Invasive Plant Species, Dog-strangling Vine (Vincetoxicum rossicum), in Environmental and Geographic Space Over the Past 130 Years." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/42478.

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Invasive plant species are an increasing global threat to native biodiversity. Effective management depends on accurate predictions of their spread. However, modelling the geographic distribution of invasive species, particularly with methods like correlative species distribution models (SDMs), is challenging. SDMs operate under the assumption that species are in equilibrium with their environment (i.e., they occur in all suitable environments); this assumption is more likely to be violated for a species that is still in the process of colonizing suitable environments. SDMs also assume that en

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23

Motloung, Rethabile Frangenie. "Understanding current and potential distribution of Australian acacia species in southern Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79720.

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This dissertation presents research on the value of using different sources of data to explore the factors determining invasiveness of introduced species. The research draws upon the availability of data on the historical trial plantings of alien species and other sources. The focus of the study is on Australian Acacia species as a taxon introduced into southern Africa (Lesotho, South Africa and Swaziland). The first component of the study focused on understanding the factors determining introduction outcome of species in historical trial plantings and invasion success of Australian Acac

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24

Sampson, Mark Robert. "Modelling the distribution and abundance of several demersal fish species on the Agulhas Bank, South Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006207.

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The Agulhas Bank supports a speciose fish community, many of which are commercially important. Despite substantial research being conducted on aspects of their biology spatial aspects of their distribution and abundance in relation to environment parameters has been ignored. This study, therefore, addressed aspects related to the distribution and abundance of representative species on the Agulhas Bank within a Geographic Information System (GIS). Four candidate species were chosen due to their importance either in numbers or unit mass to the South African demersal trawl fishery. The species al

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25

Li, Yuming. "Univariate and multivariate measures of risk aversion and risk premiums with joint normal distribution and applications in portfolio selection models." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26110.

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This thesis gives the formal derivations of the so-called Rubinstein's measures of risk aversion and their multivariate generalizations. The applications of these measures in portfolio selection models are also presented. Assuming that a decision maker's preferences can be represented by a unidimensional von Neumann and Morgenstern utility function, we consider a model with an uninsurable initial random wealth and an insurable risk. Under the assumption that the two random variables have a bivariate normal distribution, the second-order co-variance operator is developed from Stein/Rubinstein

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26

Eddings, James B. "The Utility of Environmental DNA and Species Distribution Models in Assessing the Habitat Requirements of Twelve Fish Species in Alaskan North Slope Rivers." DigitalCommons@USU, 2020. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/7708.

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Subsistence fishing is a vital component of Alaska’s North Slope borough economy and culture that is being threatened by human disturbance. These threats mean the fish must be protected, but the size of the region makes conservation planning difficult. Fortunately, advances in species distribution models (SDMs), environmental DNA (eDNA), and remote sensing technologies provide potential to better understand species’ needs and guide management. The objectives of my study were to: (1) map the current habitat suitability for twelve fish species, occurring in Alaska’s North Slope,(2) determine if

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27

Newbold, Tim. "The value of species distribution models as a tool for conservation and ecology in Egypt and Britain." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2010. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/11405/.

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Knowledge about the distribution of species is limited, with extensive gaps in our knowledge, particularly in tropical areas and in arid environments. Species distribution models offer a potentially very powerful tool for filling these gaps in our knowledge. They relate a set of recorded occurrences of a species to environmental variables thought to be important in determining the distributions of species, in order to predict where species will be found throughout an area of interest. In this thesis, I explore the development, potential applications and possible limitations of distribution mod

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28

Laferriere, Alison Beth. "K-distribution fading models for Bayesian estimation of an underwater acoustic channel." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/63080.

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Thesis (S.M. in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science)--Joint Program in Applied Ocean Science and Engineering (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science; and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution), 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 113-114).<br>Current underwater acoustic channel estimation techniques generally apply linear MMSE estimation. This approach is optimal in a mean square error sense under the assumption that the impulse response fluctuations are well characterized by G

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29

Sirois-Delisle, Catherine. "Modeling Future Climate Change Impacts on North American Bumblebee Distributions." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37028.

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Climate change is an important contributor to the modification of many bumblebee species’ range boundaries. It was linked to widespread decline at the southern edge of their distribution and to their inability to colonize new areas at the northern edge. Additionally, bumblebee decline is aggravated by other anthropogenic threats like land use change, agricultural practices and pathogen spillover. Predicted consequences are numerous, and could lead to severe economic and ecological impacts on human populations. A species-specific assessment of potential climate change impacts on North American

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30

Bieleveld, Michel Jan Marinus. "Improving species distribution model quality with a parallel linear genetic programming-fuzzy algorithm." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3141/tde-26012017-113329/.

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Biodiversity, the variety of life on the planet, is declining due to climate change, population and species interactions and as the result f demographic and landscape dynamics. Integrated model-based assessments play a key role in understanding and exploring these complex dynamics and have proven use in conservation planning. Model-based assessments using Species Distribution Models constitute an efficient means of translating limited point data to distribution probability maps for current and future scenarios in support of conservation decision making. The aims of this doctoral study were to

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31

Dempsey, Stephen J. "Evaluation of Survey Methods and Development of Species Distribution Models for Kit Foxes in the Great Basin Desert." DigitalCommons@USU, 2013. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/2011.

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Historically, kit foxes (Vulpes macrotis) once occupied the desert and semi-arid regions of southwestern North America, ranging from Idaho to central Mexico. Their range-wide decline has warranted the kit fox to be listed as endangered in Colorado, threatened in California and Oregon, and designated as a state sensitive species in Idaho and Utah. Once considered the most abundant carnivore in western Utah, the kit fox has been in steep decline over the past decade, creating a demand to determine kit fox presence. Currently there is little consensus on which survey methodology is best to detect

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32

Dashuk, Valerii [Verfasser], and Joachim [Akademischer Betreuer] Winter. "Approaches for testing the joint hypotheses for multivariate normal distribution. Applications in panel data models / Valerii Dashuk ; Betreuer: Joachim Winter." München : Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, 2021. http://d-nb.info/1240145365/34.

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33

Artois, Jean. "Pathogens and parasites, species unlike others: The spatial distribution of avian influenzas in poultry." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/283016.

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What explains the geographic distribution of pathogens? Better understanding and characterising disease patterns will help scientists to identify areas likely to host future epidemics and epizootics and to prioritise surveillance and intervention. However, the use of disease surveillance data to assess the risk of transmission and generate risk maps raises conceptual and methodological issues. Indeed, pathogens and more particularly viruses aren't ”species” like others that live in the open environment and must be studied with methods and concepts of their own. Avian influenza (AI), a disease

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34

Rocha, Susana Cristina Machado. "Genetic and ecological consequences of a shifted phenology in a forest defoliator." Doctoral thesis, ISA, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/15333.

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Doutoramento em Engenharia Florestal e dos Recursos Naturais - Instituto Superior de Agronomia<br>Thaumetopoea pityocampa is a major pine defoliatior over the Mediterranean Basin. An atypical population with a shifted phenology, ongoing an allochronic differentiation process, was recently discovered in Mata Nacional Leiria, Portugal. The shifted population reproduces in spring achieving its larval development during summer (SP), whereas the sympatric typical population reproduces in summer and has winter larval development (WP). They are reproductively isolated through time, although sharing t

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35

Rose, Peter. "Prediction of Fish Assemblages in Eastern Australian Streams Using Species Distribution Models: Linking Ecological Theory, Statistical Advances and Management Applications." Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/384279.

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Rivers and streams are among the most imperilled ecosystems on earth owing to overexploitation; water quality impacts, altered flow regimes, habitat destruction, proliferation of alien species and climate change. There is a pressing need to address these threats through stream bioassessment, stream rehabilitation and species conservation actions. Species distribution models (SDMs) can offer a practical, spatially explicit means to assess the impact of these threats, prioritise stream rehabilitation and direct conservation decisions. However, applications of SDMs for stream bioassessment and re

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36

Moore, Cordelia Holly. "Defining and predicting species-environment relationships : understanding the spatial ecology of demersal fish communities." University of Western Australia. Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0002.

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[Truncated abstract] The aim of this research was to define key species-environment relationships to better understand the spatial ecology of demersal fish. To help understand these relationships a combination of multivariate analyses, landscape analysis and species distribution models were employed. Of particular interest was to establish the scale at which these species respond to their environment. With recent high resolution surveying and mapping of the benthos in five of Victoria's Marine National Parks (MNPs), full coverage bathymetry, terrain data and accurate predicted benthic habitat

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37

Serra, Díaz Josep M. "Applying correlative ecological niche models to global change studies." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96302.

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La distribució de les espècies ha estat objecte d’estudi per part de diverses disciplines donada la seva naturalesa multifactorial. Així, entendre veritablement la distribució de les espècies implica necessàriament un millor coneixement del funcionament de la biosfera. D’altra banda, el canvi global que està patint el nostre planeta previsiblement afectarà en gran mesura moltes espècies, variant així la distribució i composició dels ecosistemes tal i com els coneixem avui dia i implícitament dels serveis que proporcionen. La modelització ha permès augmentar el nostre grau de comprensió sob

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Oleas, Nora. "Landscape Genetics of Phaedranassa Herb. (Amaryllidaceae) in Ecuador." FIU Digital Commons, 2011. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/443.

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Speciation can be understood as a continuum occurring at different levels, from population to species. The recent molecular revolution in population genetics has opened a pathway towards understanding species evolution. At the same time, speciation patterns can be better explained by incorporating a geographic context, through the use of geographic information systems (GIS). Phaedranassa (Amaryllidaceae) is a genus restricted to one of the world’s most biodiverse hotspots, the Northern Andes. I studied seven Phaedranassa species from Ecuador. Six of these species are endemic to the country. Th

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Alagador, Diogo André Alves Salgado Rodrigues. "Quantitative methods in spatial conservation planning integrating climate change and uncertainties." Doctoral thesis, ISA/UTL, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/3877.

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Doutoramento em Biologia - Instituto Superior de Agronomia<br>Spatial Conservation Planning is a scientific-driven procedure to identify cost effective networks of areas capable of representing biodiversity through time. This conceptually simple task accommodates sufficient complexity to justify the existence of an active research line with more than 20 years already. But costefficiency and representation of biodiversity is only part of the whole challenge of Spatial Conservation Planning.The recognition that Nature operates dynamically has stimulated researchers to embrace the additional

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Guillaumot, Charlène. "Modelling the response of Antarctic marine species to environmental changes. Methods, applications and limitations." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UBFCK020.

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Parmi les outils qui permettent de mieux comprendre les systèmes naturels, la modélisation écologique a connu un essor particulièrement important depuis une vingtaine d’années. Les modèles écologiques, représentation simplifiée d’une réalité complexe, permettent de mettre en avant les facteurs environnementaux qui déterminent la niche écologique des espèces et de mieux comprendre leur réponse aux changements de l’environnement. Dans le cas des faunes marines antarctiques, la modélisation écologique fait face à plusieurs défis méthodologiques. Les jeux de données de présence des espèces sont tr

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Nadeau, Julie L. "Testing the reliability of Canada-wide and regional species distribution models with independent field surveys and evaluating their use for conservation." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28612.

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For purposes of conservation, we require methods to predict where species occur currently, and where they are likely to move in the future. Species distribution models can be useful tools, by predicting where species are in areas that cannot be surveyed but where management decisions must occur. However, they are rarely tested using independent field surveys to determine their accuracy. These models are also generally developed over broad spatial scales; in contrast, distributions must often be predicted over local to regional scales for conservation purposes. Using butterfly surveys along tra

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Bereng, Mosiuoa Walter. "Understanding environmental factors influencing invasion of Lilium formosanum in Mpumalanga Province and models of its potential distribution in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/79711.

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Alien invasive plants are of concern in the world because of their potential to spread into the natural environment. Invasion patterns observed in plant species can be attributed among other things to favourable environmental conditions. Understanding invasion dynamics of alien invasive plants can help in timely intervention initiatives. In Mpumalanga, Lilium formosanum (Liliaceae) appears to be an emerging plant invader and is spreading in the natural environment. The study investigated the invasion extent and predictor variables which could explain abundance patterns of L. formosanum in the

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Hanspach, Jan [Verfasser], Ingolf [Akademischer Betreuer] Kühn, Helge [Akademischer Betreuer] Bruelheide, and Niklaus [Akademischer Betreuer] Zimmermann. "Assessing the influence of global change on plant species distribution using statistical models / Jan Hanspach. Betreuer: Ingolf Kühn ; Helge Bruelheide ; Niklaus Zimmermann." Halle, Saale : Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, 2010. http://d-nb.info/1025011708/34.

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Chatfield, Brenton Sean. "How to find the one that got away : predicting the distribution of temperate demersal fish from environmental variables." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2009.0009.

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Knowing where species are and understanding why is paramount for developing relevant and sustainable conservation and resource management strategies. The need for this information is becoming urgent as fishing activity, resource extraction and the impacts of coastal developments continue to put marine resources under increasing pressure. As logistical and financial constraints can restrict our ability to collect data in the marine environment, the ability to predict distributions based on known associations with different environmental variables would enhance our capacity to manage these resou

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Pérez, Navarro Maria Ángeles. "Plant species climatic niche and its relationship with population responses to extreme drought." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669559.

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Understanding how climate affects species’ distribution and performance is a central issue in ecology since its origins. In last decades, however, the interest in this question has been reactivated by the current context of climate change. Species Niche Modelling has been widely used to assess shifts in species distribution and to test the relationship between species’ climatic niche and species physiological and demographic performance. Nevertheless it is still largely undetermined whether these models can portray population and community responses, particularly in relation to extreme c

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Jaeschke, Anja Verfasser], and Carl [Akademischer Betreuer] [Beierkuhnlein. "Extending the climate envelope: Methodological approaches to integrate ecological prerequisites in species distribution models at large spatial extents / Anja Jaeschke. Betreuer: Carl Beierkuhnlein." Bayreuth : Universität Bayreuth, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1073201805/34.

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Pelletier, Tara A. "Western Plethodon Salamanders as a Model System in Phylogeography." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1429292290.

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Sarmento, Cabral Juliano. "Demographic processes determining the range dynamics of plant species, and their consequences for biodiversity maintenance in the face of environmental change." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2009. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2010/4118/.

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The present thesis aims to introduce process-based model for species range dynamics that can be fitted to abundance data. For this purpose, the well-studied Proteaceae species of the South African Cape Floristic Region (CFR) offer a great data set to fit process-based models. These species are subject to wildflower harvesting and environmental threats like habitat loss and climate change. The general introduction of this thesis presents shortly the available models for species distribution modelling. Subsequently, it presents the feasibility of process-based modelling. Finally, it introduces t

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Menuz, Diane R. "Using Species Distribution Models to Assess Invasion Theory and Provide Management Recommendations for Riparian Areas in the Eastern Columbia and Western Missouri River Basins." DigitalCommons@USU, 2011. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1106.

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Invasive plant species impact ecosystems by altering native plant community composition and modifying ecosystem properties such as fire and nutrient cycles. We used species distribution models to address both theoretical and applied questions regarding invasive plants in an ecosystem particularly vulnerable to invasion, riparian areas. In our first study, we asked whether a native species is closer to equilibrium than a functionally similar invasive species and determined drivers of invasion for an aggressive invader of riparian areas, Phalaris arundinacea (reed canarygrass). We modeled the pr

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Coelho, Igor Pfeifer. "Do barro ao bamburro : relações entre a paisagem e a distribuição local de mamíferos e aves no Pantanal, Brasil." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/150709.

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A relação entre a paisagem e a distribuição da ocorrência e abundância das espécies no espaço é uma das questões centrais em ecologia, com importantes aplicações diretas em tempos de intenso uso da terra e mudanças climáticas por atividades humanas. Contudo, para inferirmos sobre essas relações, temos que descrever a paisagem da forma mais próxima possível de como as espécies realmente a percebem. Uma paisagem pode ser descrita em diferentes níveis hierárquicos de organização do ambiente (e.g. quantidade de um mineral no solo, número de plantas em uma parcela, área de cobertura de floresta...)

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